title
Introduction to Virtualization

description
Attend Question/ Answer MEETUP: http://goo.gl/kPHGFw Follow Eli on the Vlog Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/EliCompu... Info Level: Beginner Presenter: Eli the Computer Guy Date Created: February 2, 2012 Length of Class: 59 Minutes Tracks Virtual and Cloud Computing Prerequisites Introduction to Cloud Computing Purpose of Class This class teaches students the basic concepts that required to deploy Virtualization in the real world. Chapters Introduction (00:00) Overview (01:10) Type 1 Hypervisors (13:45) Type 2 Hypervisors (33:31) Converting to Virtualization (40:51) Final Thoughts (47:05) Class Notes Introduction Virtualization allows you to separate the Operating System from the underlying hardware Virtualization is NOT the same as Cloud Computing. Virtualization is a Type of Cloud Computing. Hypervisors are the software that Operating System "Instances" run on. Overview Virtualization allows you to easily migrate servers between pieces of physical hardware Virtualization allows you to consolidate multiple cheap physical servers into one server An "Instance" is a "Virtual Computer" installed on a Hypervisor. Type 1 Hypervisors Called Bare Metal Hypervisor Installs directly on to hardware You use Management Software installed on a different computer to manage a Type 1 Hypervisor box. Based on XEN. Generally the Hypervisor is free, but you pay for the Management software Over Allocation allows you to allocate more total resources to the Instances of the operating systems then the physical server has. At any one time all Instances CANNOT use more resources then the total amout that the server has. Type 2 Hypervisors Called Hosted Hypervisor Type 2 Hypervisors are installed onto an Operating System such as Windows 7, OSX or Linux. (VirtualBox, Virtual PC) Be careful allocating resources to virtual machines. You have the ability to allocate so many resources to the virtual machines that you crash the host machine. Networking can start acting "weird" on the host machine when Virtual Machines are running Converting to Virtualization Vendors of Virtualization software have "conversion" software that will convert an Operating System that installed on a Physical Computer into a Virtual Machine Many pieces of Backup Software no backup servers directly into a Virtual Machine. Final Thoughts... Be careful of licensing!!! Per Server/ Per Socket/ Per Core Virtualization software is stable, and not "cutting" or "bleeding" edge technology. Resources Xen Citrix VMWare VirtualBox Virtual PC

detail
{'title': 'Introduction to Virtualization', 'heatmap': [{'end': 3118.458, 'start': 3073.866, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'Provides a comprehensive introduction to virtualization, covering key concepts, benefits including increased flexibility and easier maintenance, management of hypervisors and server resources, warnings associated with type two hypervisors, and insights into virtualization licensing and resource allocation to prevent crashing.', 'chapters': [{'end': 150.962, 'segs': [{'end': 52.849, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 28.688, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 38.832, 'text': "and this class is going to give you the overall concepts that you have to understand for you to decide what products you're going to pick and how you're going to deploy them.", 'start': 28.688, 'duration': 10.144}, {'end': 47.307, 'text': 'virtualization overall is not a very complicated subject, But it has some very specific things that you have to understand,', 'start': 38.832, 'duration': 8.475}, {'end': 51.049, 'text': "especially if you're going to deploy into enterprise environments.", 'start': 47.307, 'duration': 3.742}, {'end': 52.649, 'text': 'This class.', 'start': 52.029, 'duration': 0.62}, {'end': 52.849, 'text': 'you know.', 'start': 52.649, 'duration': 0.2}], 'summary': 'Learn overall virtualization concepts for product selection and deployment in enterprise environments.', 'duration': 24.161, 'max_score': 28.688, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M28688.jpg'}], 'start': 5.623, 'title': 'Introduction to virtualization', 'summary': 'Covers the key concepts of virtualization, distinguishes it from cloud computing, and emphasizes its significance in enterprise environments.', 'chapters': [{'end': 150.962, 'start': 5.623, 'title': 'Introduction to virtualization', 'summary': 'Covers the key concepts of virtualization for implementing it within an environment, distinguishing it from cloud computing, and its significance in enterprise environments.', 'duration': 145.339, 'highlights': ['Virtualization is a component within cloud computing, but cloud computing is much larger than virtualization itself. Clarifies the distinction between virtualization and cloud computing, emphasizing that cloud computing encompasses virtualization but extends beyond it.', "The class provides the overall concepts necessary for deciding on virtualization products and deployment strategies. Emphasizes the class's role in imparting essential knowledge to facilitate decision-making on virtualization products and deployment methods.", 'Virtualization separates the operating system from the underlying hardware, while cloud computing separates the application from the underlying hardware. Explains the fundamental difference between virtualization and cloud computing in terms of what is separated from the underlying hardware.']}], 'duration': 145.339, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M5623.jpg', 'highlights': ['Cloud computing encompasses virtualization but extends beyond it.', 'The class imparts essential knowledge for deciding on virtualization products and deployment strategies.', 'Virtualization separates the operating system from the underlying hardware, while cloud computing separates the application from the underlying hardware.']}, {'end': 1056.047, 'segs': [{'end': 296.058, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 247.832, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 252.935, 'text': "That operating system then becomes what's called an instance of an operating system.", 'start': 247.832, 'duration': 5.103}, {'end': 260.218, 'text': "So back in the old days you would have one server here and you would have let's say Windows operating system.", 'start': 252.975, 'duration': 7.243}, {'end': 266.109, 'text': 'And so Windows was installed onto the server.', 'start': 262.488, 'duration': 3.621}, {'end': 272.23, 'text': 'You then install whatever applications you want onto the Windows server that you installed on the hardware.', 'start': 266.529, 'duration': 5.701}, {'end': 278.832, 'text': 'The issue with this is if the power supply on this physical server died, Windows died.', 'start': 272.611, 'duration': 6.221}, {'end': 280.852, 'text': 'If the CPU died, Windows died.', 'start': 278.852, 'duration': 2}, {'end': 283.073, 'text': 'If the RAM went bad, Windows died.', 'start': 281.292, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 286.154, 'text': 'And it was very hard to fix the problem.', 'start': 283.493, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 288.114, 'text': 'You would have to fix this physical server.', 'start': 286.174, 'duration': 1.94}, {'end': 296.058, 'text': "you know, sometimes you couldn't find the hardware, sometimes you have to get the hardware shipped in from god knows where, and it was really, really,", 'start': 289.093, 'duration': 6.965}], 'summary': 'In the past, one server had one windows instance, causing single point of failure, making it difficult to fix issues.', 'duration': 48.226, 'max_score': 247.832, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M247832.jpg'}, {'end': 398.813, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 375.547, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 382.349, 'text': 'that entire operating system instance, over to that other physical piece of equipment, lickety-slit.', 'start': 375.547, 'duration': 6.802}, {'end': 384.51, 'text': 'Like, really, it can be instantaneous.', 'start': 382.369, 'duration': 2.141}, {'end': 390.191, 'text': 'But the most important part to understand is that you can do this now very, very, very easily,', 'start': 384.55, 'duration': 5.641}, {'end': 395.212, 'text': 'because the operating system is now no longer tied to the physical hardware.', 'start': 390.191, 'duration': 5.021}, {'end': 398.813, 'text': 'It is now installed onto the hypervisor.', 'start': 395.532, 'duration': 3.281}], 'summary': 'Operating system instances can be transferred to new hardware instantaneously, thanks to hypervisor technology.', 'duration': 23.266, 'max_score': 375.547, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M375547.jpg'}, {'end': 501.018, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 469.597, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 476.464, 'text': "remember, you know, if you're new to the computer world, you may be thinking it's really cool to have 10 computers or 20 computers.", 'start': 469.597, 'duration': 6.867}, {'end': 482.909, 'text': 'Well, once you start dealing with businesses where they may have 100, 200, 1000 servers,', 'start': 476.844, 'duration': 6.065}, {'end': 489.074, 'text': "it's really nice to be able to do what is called consolidate those servers onto individual boxes.", 'start': 482.909, 'duration': 6.165}, {'end': 501.018, 'text': 'So now instead of having 50 servers spread over 50 physical boxes, computers, you can now have 50 instances of servers installed on one physical box.', 'start': 489.114, 'duration': 11.904}], 'summary': 'Consolidating servers can reduce physical boxes from 50 to one, making management more efficient.', 'duration': 31.421, 'max_score': 469.597, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M469597.jpg'}, {'end': 790.321, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 761.155, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 769.563, 'text': "Then you install the instance of the operating system that you want to use into the hypervisor that's installed on the operating system,", 'start': 761.155, 'duration': 8.408}, {'end': 772.786, 'text': 'which is installed on the hardware, and then you go about your day.', 'start': 769.563, 'duration': 3.223}, {'end': 779.912, 'text': "There's a final version, you know, when you're dealing with virtualization now, is you do have the hosted solutions.", 'start': 773.086, 'duration': 6.826}, {'end': 790.321, 'text': 'We have, you know, Amazon Web Services, you know, One and One, GoDaddy, all these different companies have virtualization platforms you can use.', 'start': 780.933, 'duration': 9.388}], 'summary': 'Hypervisor allows installation of operating systems on hardware, with hosted virtualization options like amazon web services and godaddy available.', 'duration': 29.166, 'max_score': 761.155, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M761155.jpg'}, {'end': 880.951, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 849.867, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 856.097, 'text': 'and then you install instances of operating systems onto the hypervisor.', 'start': 849.867, 'duration': 6.23}, {'end': 863.849, 'text': "So when you're looking at the hardware that you're going to be using Type 1 hypervisors on, you're looking at real servers.", 'start': 856.337, 'duration': 7.512}, {'end': 873.389, 'text': 'For me, this is one of the servers that I use for Type 1 hypervisor virtualization.', 'start': 866.527, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 880.951, 'text': 'This is a real bad, nasty little 1U Xeon bugabugaboo server.', 'start': 873.449, 'duration': 7.502}], 'summary': 'Type 1 hypervisors install on real servers for virtualization.', 'duration': 31.084, 'max_score': 849.867, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M849867.jpg'}, {'end': 947.371, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 922.346, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 930.009, 'text': "With these type 1 hypervisors, again, what you're going to have is you're going to have your physical server here.", 'start': 922.346, 'duration': 7.663}, {'end': 932.991, 'text': 'So this is going to be that 1U server that I just showed you.', 'start': 930.049, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 939.894, 'text': 'You then, onto that physical server, you are going to install the hypervisor.', 'start': 933.731, 'duration': 6.163}, {'end': 947.371, 'text': 'So this Type 1 bare metal hypervisor, think of it as a very basic operating system.', 'start': 941.448, 'duration': 5.923}], 'summary': 'Type 1 hypervisors are installed on a physical server, such as a 1u server, acting as a basic operating system.', 'duration': 25.025, 'max_score': 922.346, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M922346.jpg'}, {'end': 1046.864, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1014.877, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1017.478, 'text': 'If you remember the first time you used Linux,', 'start': 1014.877, 'duration': 2.601}, {'end': 1022.119, 'text': "you know you install it and then you get a little blinking cursor and then you don't know what the hell to do next.", 'start': 1017.478, 'duration': 4.641}, {'end': 1024.981, 'text': 'That is going to be what is going to happen with you.', 'start': 1022.6, 'duration': 2.381}, {'end': 1034.744, 'text': "the first time you install a Type 1 bare metal hypervisor, because you're going to install that hypervisor onto your hardware and then,", 'start': 1024.981, 'duration': 9.763}, {'end': 1039.82, 'text': "when it reboots, it's going to give you its IP address, And that's about it.", 'start': 1034.744, 'duration': 5.076}, {'end': 1046.864, 'text': "Basically, you're looking at the equivalent of a little Linux graphic screen that's going to give you very, very, very, very, very little information.", 'start': 1040.181, 'duration': 6.683}], 'summary': 'Installing a type 1 bare metal hypervisor gives minimal information, like the ip address, upon reboot.', 'duration': 31.987, 'max_score': 1014.877, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M1014877.jpg'}], 'start': 151.182, 'title': 'Virtualization benefits and importance', 'summary': 'Discusses the advantages of virtualization, such as increased flexibility and easier maintenance, as well as the importance of separating the operating system from physical hardware, enabling easy migration and the capability to run multiple instances of operating systems on a single server.', 'chapters': [{'end': 296.058, 'start': 151.182, 'title': 'Virtualization and its benefits', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of virtualization, highlighting the advantages of separating the operating system from the hardware, such as increased flexibility and easier maintenance.', 'duration': 144.876, 'highlights': ['Virtualization allows for the separation of the operating system from the hardware, providing a layer on the hardware where an instance of an operating system can be installed, increasing flexibility and ease of maintenance.', 'In the past, operating systems were directly installed onto physical hardware, leading to complications when transferring the operating system to different hardware, whereas virtualization allows for easier migration and maintenance.', 'The traditional method of installing the operating system directly onto the hardware resulted in high dependencies, with the failure of the physical server leading to the failure of the operating system, necessitating complex and time-consuming fixes.']}, {'end': 685.357, 'start': 296.058, 'title': 'Importance of virtualization', 'summary': 'Explains the importance of virtualization, highlighting the ability to separate the operating system from physical hardware, enabling easy migration of operating systems between physical servers, and the capability to run multiple instances of operating systems on a single server.', 'duration': 389.299, 'highlights': ['Virtualization allows for easy migration of operating systems between physical servers, similar to moving files between computers, enabling instantaneous transfer and simplifying server management. Easy migration of operating systems, instantaneous transfer, simplifying server management', 'The capability to run multiple instances of operating systems on a single server, allowing for efficient server consolidation and reducing the need for multiple physical servers. Running multiple instances of operating systems, efficient server consolidation, reduced need for multiple physical servers', 'Explanation of Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors, distinguishing between native/bare metal hypervisors and hosted hypervisors installed on an underlying operating system. Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors, native/bare metal vs hosted hypervisors', 'Virtualization as a component of cloud computing, emphasizing its role as a part of a larger computing paradigm. Virtualization as a component of cloud computing', 'Example of using virtualization to run Windows programs on a Mac through the installation of a hypervisor and a Windows operating system within it. Using virtualization to run Windows programs on a Mac']}, {'end': 1056.047, 'start': 685.657, 'title': 'Virtualization and hypervisors', 'summary': 'Discusses the benefits of virtualization, including the ability to drag and drop operating systems between different hardware, consolidate servers, and the distinction between type 1 and type 2 hypervisors, with an emphasis on the hardware requirements and installation processes for type 1 hypervisors.', 'duration': 370.39, 'highlights': ['The ability to drag and drop an entire operating system between different pieces of physical hardware and consolidate servers is a significant benefit of virtualization, allowing for the installation of different instances of servers on the same hardware. Virtualization enables the seamless transfer of operating systems between physical hardware and the consolidation of servers, facilitating the installation of multiple server instances on a single hardware, based on its capacity.', 'The chapter provides a detailed comparison between Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors, emphasizing the installation process and hardware requirements for Type 1 hypervisors, which necessitate the use of real enterprise servers. The distinction between Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors is highlighted, with a focus on the hardware requirements and installation procedures of Type 1 hypervisors, which are designed for real enterprise servers and involve a basic operating system installation process.', 'Type 1 hypervisors require installation directly onto the hardware and are typically utilized on real enterprise servers, as opposed to consumer-grade computers, due to their specific hardware demands. Type 1 hypervisors necessitate direct installation onto the hardware and are intended for use on real enterprise servers, rather than consumer-grade computers, due to their unique hardware requirements.']}], 'duration': 904.865, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M151182.jpg', 'highlights': ['Virtualization separates the operating system from hardware, increasing flexibility and ease of maintenance.', 'Virtualization enables easy migration and maintenance, unlike traditional direct installation onto hardware.', 'Virtualization allows for easy migration of operating systems between physical servers, simplifying server management.', 'Running multiple instances of operating systems on a single server reduces the need for multiple physical servers.', 'Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors are explained, distinguishing between native/bare metal and hosted hypervisors.', 'Virtualization is a component of cloud computing, playing a role in a larger computing paradigm.', 'Virtualization enables the seamless transfer of operating systems between physical hardware and server consolidation.', 'Type 1 hypervisors require direct installation onto hardware and are intended for real enterprise servers.']}, {'end': 1987.873, 'segs': [{'end': 1495.98, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1448.939, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1458.627, 'text': "The management software can automatically migrate these instances literally so quickly that you don't even realize that the physical hardware failed.", 'start': 1448.939, 'duration': 9.688}, {'end': 1461.689, 'text': 'So imagine that especially in the enterprise world.', 'start': 1459.107, 'duration': 2.582}, {'end': 1466.894, 'text': "If the hardware for a server crashes, it's no big deal.", 'start': 1462.01, 'duration': 4.884}, {'end': 1470.977, 'text': 'All the instances of the operating systems were automatically moved.', 'start': 1467.634, 'duration': 3.343}, {'end': 1473.019, 'text': "They're all up and running.", 'start': 1471.878, 'duration': 1.141}, {'end': 1475.541, 'text': 'Your users never saw any downtime.', 'start': 1473.239, 'duration': 2.302}, {'end': 1476.782, 'text': 'They never even saw a blip.', 'start': 1475.621, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 1481.267, 'text': 'And so now you can fix this hardware whenever you get around to it.', 'start': 1477.344, 'duration': 3.923}, {'end': 1486.212, 'text': "That's one of the things that makes these Type 1 hypervisors so cool.", 'start': 1481.728, 'duration': 4.484}, {'end': 1492.036, 'text': "And again, all these powerful features are probably not something you're going to be using in your house or you need to use in your house,", 'start': 1486.632, 'duration': 5.404}, {'end': 1495.98, 'text': "but in the enterprise world they're really, really, really good.", 'start': 1492.036, 'duration': 3.944}], 'summary': 'Management software automates rapid instance migration, ensuring zero downtime in server hardware failure for enterprise environments.', 'duration': 47.041, 'max_score': 1448.939, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M1448939.jpg'}, {'end': 1574.323, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1523.328, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1529.374, 'text': 'and you want to put multiple instances of operating systems onto that hypervisor.', 'start': 1523.328, 'duration': 6.046}, {'end': 1532.778, 'text': 'So you want to put Windows and Linux and Unix right?', 'start': 1529.414, 'duration': 3.364}, {'end': 1543.558, 'text': 'Now what you can do is you can actually give these different instances of the operating systems more total RAM than the computer has.', 'start': 1533.879, 'duration': 9.679}, {'end': 1548.459, 'text': 'So you can say this Windows 2008 server can have up to 12 gigs of RAM,', 'start': 1543.578, 'duration': 4.881}, {'end': 1554.281, 'text': 'this Linux server can have up to 10 gigs of RAM and this Unix server can have up to 8 gigs of RAM.', 'start': 1548.459, 'duration': 5.822}, {'end': 1557.101, 'text': 'If you add all this up it comes to 30 gigs of RAM.', 'start': 1554.301, 'duration': 2.8}, {'end': 1559.682, 'text': "Well there's only 16 gigs of RAM on here.", 'start': 1557.542, 'duration': 2.14}, {'end': 1571.622, 'text': 'What over-allocation allows to happen is each one of the instances of these servers thinks they have this much RAM, But the server, the hypervisor,', 'start': 1560.122, 'duration': 11.5}, {'end': 1574.323, 'text': 'only gives them the RAM that they actually need.', 'start': 1571.622, 'duration': 2.701}], 'summary': 'Hypervisor allows over-allocation of total ram for multiple os instances, effectively managing resources.', 'duration': 50.995, 'max_score': 1523.328, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M1523328.jpg'}, {'end': 1680.143, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1658.544, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1667.933, 'text': 'Some of the old hypervisors or some hypervisors you may run into, they only allow you to split up the RAM statically.', 'start': 1658.544, 'duration': 9.389}, {'end': 1676.42, 'text': "So you can give, you know, if you give the Windows 2008 server 12 gigs of RAM, then you've only got four left to split between those two.", 'start': 1668.173, 'duration': 8.247}, {'end': 1680.143, 'text': 'So you could give that one two, and that one two, or this one three, and this one one.', 'start': 1676.44, 'duration': 3.703}], 'summary': 'Old hypervisors may statically split ram, e.g., 12gb to windows 2008 server leaves 4gb for others.', 'duration': 21.599, 'max_score': 1658.544, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M1658544.jpg'}], 'start': 1056.067, 'title': 'Managing hypervisors and server resources', 'summary': 'Covers the need for a management console for type 1 hypervisors, benefits of management software for servers including cost savings and efficiency, and the availability and costs of hypervisors and management software, with basic features starting at $3,000.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1272.18, 'start': 1056.067, 'title': 'Managing type 1 hypervisors', 'summary': 'Explains the need for a management console to interact with type 1 hypervisors, emphasizing the minimal direct interaction with the physical computer and the ability to manage and move instances of operating systems through the management software.', 'duration': 216.113, 'highlights': ['Type 1 hypervisors require a management console for interaction, minimizing direct interaction with the physical computer and enabling management through the installed software.', 'The management software on a separate computer allows for configuring the hypervisor, installing operating systems, and performing various configurations, emphasizing the minimal capabilities of the physical computer with the hypervisor installed.', 'The management console facilitates automating tasks such as moving instances of operating systems between physical servers, enabling seamless transitions and management of multiple servers and instances.']}, {'end': 1706.645, 'start': 1272.64, 'title': 'Server management and resource allocation', 'summary': 'Discusses the benefits of using management software for servers, including automatic resource allocation and fault tolerance, resulting in cost savings and increased efficiency in an enterprise environment. it also explains the concept of over-allocation for optimizing resource usage.', 'duration': 434.005, 'highlights': ['The management software can automatically move instances of operating systems between physical servers based on their current resource needs, leading to efficient resource allocation and cost savings in electricity bills. Automatic resource allocation, cost savings, efficient resource usage', 'The management software can automatically migrate instances of servers in the event of physical hardware failure, ensuring fault tolerance and minimal downtime for users in the enterprise environment. Fault tolerance, minimal downtime, automatic migration', 'The concept of over-allocation allows for optimizing resource usage by allocating more total RAM to instances of operating systems than the physical server has, and dynamically allocating resources based on the current needs of each server. Over-allocation, dynamic resource allocation, optimizing resource usage']}, {'end': 1987.873, 'start': 1707.085, 'title': 'Type 1 hypervisors and management software', 'summary': 'Discusses the availability of free hypervisors, such as xen-based hypervisors from vmware and citrix, and the high cost of management software, with basic features starting at $3,000 and potentially escalating to hundreds of thousands of dollars, while also explaining the concept of over-allocation where more ram can be provided than physically available, in order to optimize usage and reduce costs.', 'duration': 280.788, 'highlights': ['Type 1 hypervisors like Xen-based hypervisors from VMware and Citrix are generally available for free, while the management software with advanced features can cost as much as $100,000.', "Basic level of VMware's management software starts at $3,000 and can escalate to higher prices for additional features.", 'Over-allocation allows providing more RAM than physically available to optimize usage and reduce costs.']}], 'duration': 931.806, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M1056067.jpg', 'highlights': ['The management software can automatically move instances of operating systems between physical servers based on their current resource needs, leading to efficient resource allocation and cost savings in electricity bills.', 'The management software can automatically migrate instances of servers in the event of physical hardware failure, ensuring fault tolerance and minimal downtime for users in the enterprise environment.', 'The concept of over-allocation allows for optimizing resource usage by allocating more total RAM to instances of operating systems than the physical server has, and dynamically allocating resources based on the current needs of each server.', 'Type 1 hypervisors like Xen-based hypervisors from VMware and Citrix are generally available for free, while the management software with advanced features can cost as much as $100,000.', "Basic level of VMware's management software starts at $3,000 and can escalate to higher prices for additional features.", 'The management console facilitates automating tasks such as moving instances of operating systems between physical servers, enabling seamless transitions and management of multiple servers and instances.', 'Type 1 hypervisors require a management console for interaction, minimizing direct interaction with the physical computer and enabling management through the installed software.', 'The management software on a separate computer allows for configuring the hypervisor, installing operating systems, and performing various configurations, emphasizing the minimal capabilities of the physical computer with the hypervisor installed.']}, {'end': 2328.959, 'segs': [{'end': 2199.33, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2134.276, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2137.858, 'text': 'Now the nice part again, uh, with, with type two hosted.', 'start': 2134.276, 'duration': 3.582}, {'end': 2141.486, 'text': 'Virtualization is, many of the products are free.', 'start': 2138.223, 'duration': 3.263}, {'end': 2144.288, 'text': "So from Microsoft, there's Virtual PC.", 'start': 2141.546, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 2148.172, 'text': 'From Oracle, used to be Sun Microsystems.', 'start': 2144.469, 'duration': 3.703}, {'end': 2149.833, 'text': 'There is VirtualBox.', 'start': 2148.652, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 2151.355, 'text': 'There are other options out there.', 'start': 2149.893, 'duration': 1.462}, {'end': 2154.478, 'text': 'These Type 2 hypervisors are generally free to use.', 'start': 2151.395, 'duration': 3.083}, {'end': 2159.822, 'text': "Sometimes if you want to use the more advanced features, you have to pay a little bit of money, but that's how it always goes.", 'start': 2154.558, 'duration': 5.264}, {'end': 2167.551, 'text': 'A couple of the warnings that I will give you if you decide to start using a Type 2 hypervisor,', 'start': 2162.449, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 2174.454, 'text': 'is be careful of the resource allocation that you give your instances of operating systems.', 'start': 2167.551, 'duration': 6.903}, {'end': 2182.499, 'text': "So if you give a server that you're installing onto your computer, let's say, four gigs of RAM for the instance,", 'start': 2174.534, 'duration': 7.965}, {'end': 2191.024, 'text': 'it will automatically take all four gigs of RAM, even if that server is not using it right then and there.', 'start': 2182.499, 'duration': 8.525}, {'end': 2196.108, 'text': 'So we talked about with Type 1 hypervisors where you can do the overall location.', 'start': 2191.225, 'duration': 4.883}, {'end': 2199.33, 'text': "That's not really how it works with these Type 2 hypervisors.", 'start': 2196.828, 'duration': 2.502}], 'summary': 'Type 2 hosted virtualization offers free products like virtual pc and virtualbox, but requires careful resource allocation.', 'duration': 65.054, 'max_score': 2134.276, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2134276.jpg'}, {'end': 2275.154, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2248.072, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2254.117, 'text': 'your hosted computer now only has one gig of RAM left to do whatever it needs to do, and then it just crashes.', 'start': 2248.072, 'duration': 6.045}, {'end': 2255.518, 'text': 'It all goes bad.', 'start': 2254.777, 'duration': 0.741}, {'end': 2257.379, 'text': 'So just be careful about this.', 'start': 2255.858, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 2266.206, 'text': 'Whatever resources you give to the instances of the operating system, when you turn them on, the computer will automatically take those resources.', 'start': 2257.62, 'duration': 8.586}, {'end': 2275.154, 'text': 'The other warning that I will give you is be careful of networking if you are going to be using the host computer for other things.', 'start': 2266.567, 'duration': 8.587}], 'summary': 'Be cautious with resource allocation, 1gb ram left leads to crashes; also, be mindful of networking.', 'duration': 27.082, 'max_score': 2248.072, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2248072.jpg'}], 'start': 1988.553, 'title': 'Type two hypervisors and warnings', 'summary': 'Provides an overview of type two hypervisors, emphasizing their ease of use and suitability for running multiple servers on one box, with many free options available. it also discusses the warnings associated with type 2 hypervisors, such as potential host computer crashing due to excessive resource allocation and networking issues affecting other operations.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2154.478, 'start': 1988.553, 'title': 'Type two hypervisors overview', 'summary': 'Discusses type two hypervisors, which are installed onto the operating system, making it easy to use and suitable for running a few servers on one box, with many free options available for use.', 'duration': 165.925, 'highlights': ['Type two hypervisors are installed onto the operating system, making it easy to use and suitable for running a few servers on one box.', 'Many type two hypervisor products, such as Virtual PC from Microsoft and VirtualBox from Oracle, are generally free to use.', 'The instance of the operating system on a type two hypervisor opens up in a window like any application, allowing easy access without the need for management software.', 'Type two hosted hypervisors are commonly used in the corporate world due to their ease of use, especially when not worried about consolidating numerous servers into one box.']}, {'end': 2328.959, 'start': 2154.558, 'title': 'Type 2 hypervisor warnings', 'summary': 'Discusses the warnings associated with using type 2 hypervisors, including the potential for crashing the host computer due to excessive resource allocation and networking issues affecting other operations on the host computer.', 'duration': 174.401, 'highlights': ['The virtualization hypervisor automatically takes the allocated resources from the host computer for the instance, leading to potential crashes if excessive resources are allocated, such as RAM, which could leave insufficient resources for the host computer (e.g., leaving only 1 gig of RAM for the host computer).', 'Networking issues may arise when using a Type 2 hypervisor, impacting other operations on the host computer, as seen in cases where email stops working while other network-dependent operations function normally.']}], 'duration': 340.406, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M1988553.jpg', 'highlights': ['Type two hypervisors are installed onto the operating system, making it easy to use and suitable for running a few servers on one box.', 'Many type two hypervisor products, such as Virtual PC from Microsoft and VirtualBox from Oracle, are generally free to use.', 'The instance of the operating system on a type two hypervisor opens up in a window like any application, allowing easy access without the need for management software.', 'Type two hosted hypervisors are commonly used in the corporate world due to their ease of use, especially when not worried about consolidating numerous servers into one box.', 'The virtualization hypervisor automatically takes the allocated resources from the host computer for the instance, leading to potential crashes if excessive resources are allocated, such as RAM, which could leave insufficient resources for the host computer (e.g., leaving only 1 gig of RAM for the host computer).', 'Networking issues may arise when using a Type 2 hypervisor, impacting other operations on the host computer, as seen in cases where email stops working while other network-dependent operations function normally.']}, {'end': 2884.699, 'segs': [{'end': 2355.827, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2329.4, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2335.847, 'text': 'The other warning that I will give you is with all of this type two virtualization software virtual PC,', 'start': 2329.4, 'duration': 6.447}, {'end': 2340.632, 'text': 'virtual box et cetera they almost always have operating system add-ons.', 'start': 2335.847, 'duration': 4.785}, {'end': 2348.278, 'text': "This is software that you can automatically install into the operating system that's installed on hypervisor.", 'start': 2340.812, 'duration': 7.466}, {'end': 2353.684, 'text': 'This will make the operating system instance run much, much, much better.', 'start': 2348.758, 'duration': 4.926}, {'end': 2355.827, 'text': "I don't know why.", 'start': 2354.886, 'duration': 0.941}], 'summary': 'Using type two virtualization software can greatly enhance operating system performance.', 'duration': 26.427, 'max_score': 2329.4, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2329400.jpg'}, {'end': 2425.03, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2395.123, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2400.771, 'text': 'and that allows you to run multiple instances of operating systems on one computer.', 'start': 2395.123, 'duration': 5.648}, {'end': 2404.755, 'text': 'You can do this, for you know testing out projects.', 'start': 2401.151, 'duration': 3.604}, {'end': 2408.318, 'text': "if you're creating new software, you can test it out on different operating systems.", 'start': 2404.755, 'duration': 3.563}, {'end': 2415.683, 'text': "if you're a web developer, this means on one computer you could have a mac osx computer and a windows 7 and a linux,", 'start': 2408.318, 'duration': 7.365}, {'end': 2418.185, 'text': "and you can look at the website you're designing.", 'start': 2415.683, 'duration': 2.502}, {'end': 2425.03, 'text': "you guys, if you're going out to test for these microsoft tests, you can buy a really, really, really powerful desktop computer with, let's say,", 'start': 2418.185, 'duration': 6.845}], 'summary': 'Run multiple operating systems on one computer for testing and development purposes.', 'duration': 29.907, 'max_score': 2395.123, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2395123.jpg'}, {'end': 2545.357, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2522.322, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2534.03, 'text': 'Basically, what the software does is it images the computer into a virtual hard drive format, whatever hard drive format your hypervisor uses.', 'start': 2522.322, 'duration': 11.708}, {'end': 2535.611, 'text': 'This is something to be careful about.', 'start': 2534.31, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 2545.357, 'text': 'The different companies do have different virtual hard drive formats, so make sure whatever virtual hard drives you have are compatible, etc.', 'start': 2535.931, 'duration': 9.426}], 'summary': 'Software images computer into virtual hard drive format for hypervisor compatibility.', 'duration': 23.035, 'max_score': 2522.322, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2522322.jpg'}, {'end': 2607.51, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2568.166, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2570.887, 'text': "And now that's all you have to do for the migration process.", 'start': 2568.166, 'duration': 2.721}, {'end': 2574.728, 'text': "There's no copying and pasting, there's no migrating Active Directory and all that crap.", 'start': 2570.907, 'duration': 3.821}, {'end': 2576.009, 'text': 'Basically, you have a.', 'start': 2575.148, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 2579.57, 'text': 'you have a normal server where the operating system is installed on the hardware.', 'start': 2576.009, 'duration': 3.561}, {'end': 2582.718, 'text': 'run this conversion software.', 'start': 2580.717, 'duration': 2.001}, {'end': 2590.961, 'text': 'it basically is able to package up to ball up that operating system into a virtual hard drive and then you can move that virtual hard drive over to your hypervisor.', 'start': 2582.718, 'duration': 8.243}, {'end': 2599.225, 'text': 'Another nice thing nowadays is many of the backup solutions actually back up into virtual hard drives.', 'start': 2591.421, 'duration': 7.804}, {'end': 2607.51, 'text': 'So with Windows and with something called Acronis, different types of backup software, They, when they do their backup routine,', 'start': 2599.545, 'duration': 7.965}], 'summary': 'Migration process involves converting os to virtual hard drive, no copying or migrating active directory. backup solutions can back up into virtual hard drives.', 'duration': 39.344, 'max_score': 2568.166, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2568166.jpg'}], 'start': 2329.4, 'title': 'Type 2 hypervisors and server virtualization', 'summary': "Discusses the benefits of type 2 hypervisors, enabling running multiple os instances on one computer with 30gb ram and highlights server virtualization's ease of migration and benefits, including virtual appliances and networking equipment.", 'chapters': [{'end': 2462.658, 'start': 2329.4, 'title': 'Type 2 hypervisors overview', 'summary': 'Discusses the benefits of using type 2 hypervisors, such as running multiple instances of operating systems on one computer for testing projects, web development, and creating virtual networks, with the capability to run an entire network with a powerful desktop computer with 30 gigs of ram.', 'duration': 133.258, 'highlights': ['Type two hypervisors allow running multiple instances of operating systems on one computer, beneficial for testing projects and web developers.', 'By using a powerful desktop computer with 30 gigs of RAM, one can create an entire virtual network, including servers and client computers.', 'Type 2 hypervisors are useful for testing projects, web development, and performing tasks required for Microsoft tests.']}, {'end': 2884.699, 'start': 2463.118, 'title': 'Server virtualization: migration and benefits', 'summary': 'Discusses server virtualization, emphasizing the ease of migrating existing servers to virtualized instances using conversion tools and the benefits of using virtual appliances, backup software, and virtual networking equipment.', 'duration': 421.581, 'highlights': ['Server virtualization allows for easy migration of existing servers to virtual instances using conversion tools, eliminating the need for time-consuming manual migration processes. Server virtualization allows for easy migration of existing servers to virtual instances, eliminating the need for manual migration processes. Conversion tools package the entire operating system into a virtualized instance, simplifying the migration process.', 'Modern backup software can back up to a virtual hard drive format, enabling quick recovery by simply moving the virtual hard drive to the hypervisor in case of physical server failure. Modern backup software can back up to a virtual hard drive format, enabling quick recovery by simply moving the virtual hard drive to the hypervisor in case of physical server failure.', 'Virtual appliances provided by VMware or Citrix offer pre-configured servers, simplifying the installation and configuration process, significantly reducing deployment time. Virtual appliances provided by VMware or Citrix offer pre-configured servers, significantly reducing deployment time by simplifying the installation and configuration process.']}], 'duration': 555.299, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2329400.jpg', 'highlights': ['Type two hypervisors allow running multiple instances of operating systems on one computer, beneficial for testing projects and web developers.', 'By using a powerful desktop computer with 30 gigs of RAM, one can create an entire virtual network, including servers and client computers.', 'Type 2 hypervisors are useful for testing projects, web development, and performing tasks required for Microsoft tests.', 'Server virtualization allows for easy migration of existing servers to virtual instances using conversion tools, eliminating the need for time-consuming manual migration processes.', 'Modern backup software can back up to a virtual hard drive format, enabling quick recovery by simply moving the virtual hard drive to the hypervisor in case of physical server failure.', 'Virtual appliances provided by VMware or Citrix offer pre-configured servers, significantly reducing deployment time by simplifying the installation and configuration process.']}, {'end': 3531.396, 'segs': [{'end': 2936.521, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2909.892, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 2914.356, 'text': "So be careful when you're going out to purchase hypervisors.", 'start': 2909.892, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 2921.772, 'text': "when you're going out to purchase virtualization software, their licensing can be A nightmare.", 'start': 2914.356, 'duration': 7.416}, {'end': 2934.399, 'text': "So, depending on what hypervisor or management software you're going to be using, let's say, if you're using the Type 1 hypervisors,", 'start': 2922.612, 'duration': 11.787}, {'end': 2936.521, 'text': 'the cost can get bad really quick.', 'start': 2934.399, 'duration': 2.122}], 'summary': 'Be cautious when purchasing hypervisors or virtualization software due to potential licensing nightmares and rapidly escalating costs.', 'duration': 26.629, 'max_score': 2909.892, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2909892.jpg'}, {'end': 3118.458, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 3073.866, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3080.411, 'text': "That's a lot of money, so be very exceedingly careful about the license.", 'start': 3073.866, 'duration': 6.545}, {'end': 3081.932, 'text': 'Read the licenses.', 'start': 3080.891, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 3089.658, 'text': "Again, the nice part with most of this virtualization software is when you're playing around or even if you're doing simple things in the commercial world,", 'start': 3082.052, 'duration': 7.606}, {'end': 3091.26, 'text': "it's absolutely 100% free.", 'start': 3089.658, 'duration': 1.602}, {'end': 3091.94, 'text': 'You can use it.', 'start': 3091.3, 'duration': 0.64}, {'end': 3093.802, 'text': 'Like I say, Microsoft can use it.', 'start': 3091.96, 'duration': 1.842}, {'end': 3100.721, 'text': 'Once you start getting into these more powerful things that the virtualization software can do like I said,', 'start': 3095.137, 'duration': 5.584}, {'end': 3105.205, 'text': 'you can go from free to $16,000 in the blink of an eye.', 'start': 3100.721, 'duration': 4.484}, {'end': 3110.23, 'text': "And if you don't know what you're doing, it can be really, really really bad.", 'start': 3105.225, 'duration': 5.005}, {'end': 3118.458, 'text': 'So as we talked about, uh, type one hypervisors or bare metal hypervisors, this is where you have the hardware.', 'start': 3110.711, 'duration': 7.747}], 'summary': 'Virtualization software can be free but could cost up to $16,000 for advanced features, so caution and understanding of licenses are crucial.', 'duration': 44.592, 'max_score': 3073.866, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M3073866.jpg'}, {'end': 3191.103, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3164.385, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3171.53, 'text': 'Well, what you do next is you go over to your client computer and configure everything.', 'start': 3164.385, 'duration': 7.145}, {'end': 3180.696, 'text': 'The nice part with this is that, again, you can move instances of operating systems between different pieces of physical hardware fairly easily.', 'start': 3171.59, 'duration': 9.106}, {'end': 3187.139, 'text': "If you're willing to pay the ridiculous amounts of money, like I say, with VMware, it starts at about $3,000.", 'start': 3181.697, 'duration': 5.442}, {'end': 3191.103, 'text': 'you can do all this fancy auto-magical stuff.', 'start': 3187.14, 'duration': 3.963}], 'summary': 'Configuring client computer allows easy os instance movement. vmware starts at $3,000.', 'duration': 26.718, 'max_score': 3164.385, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M3164385.jpg'}, {'end': 3237.297, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3212.757, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3219.495, 'text': 'If one fails, all those instances of the operating systems automatically migrate to the other servers.', 'start': 3212.757, 'duration': 6.738}, {'end': 3221.119, 'text': "So there's no downtime.", 'start': 3219.515, 'duration': 1.604}, {'end': 3225.13, 'text': "So this, I mean, It's expensive, but it can be very useful.", 'start': 3221.139, 'duration': 3.991}, {'end': 3228.031, 'text': "The main thing to remember, though, is you're going to pay a lot of money for that.", 'start': 3225.37, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 3232.554, 'text': 'As we talked about, the hypervisor and the basic management software is almost always free.', 'start': 3228.372, 'duration': 4.182}, {'end': 3237.297, 'text': "Again, it's all based off the Xen, X-E-N, that was created, I don't know, 10 years or so ago.", 'start': 3232.654, 'duration': 4.643}], 'summary': 'Operating systems automatically migrate to other servers, ensuring no downtime. expensive but useful, based on xen technology.', 'duration': 24.54, 'max_score': 3212.757, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M3212757.jpg'}, {'end': 3362.722, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3297.433, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3303.155, 'text': 'with allocation if you give too many resources to your virtualized computers,', 'start': 3297.433, 'duration': 5.722}, {'end': 3310.425, 'text': 'your host computer may not have enough resources to keep running and you may end up actually crashing your host computer.', 'start': 3304.181, 'duration': 6.244}, {'end': 3316.129, 'text': 'Remember, if you give resources to virtual computers in a type 2 environment,', 'start': 3310.465, 'duration': 5.664}, {'end': 3322.754, 'text': "the computer automatically gives those resources away and then your hosted computer can't access them anymore.", 'start': 3316.129, 'duration': 6.625}, {'end': 3326.116, 'text': 'The other thing to be careful about is with networking.', 'start': 3323.114, 'duration': 3.002}, {'end': 3334.141, 'text': "If you have virtual servers and they're using networking and you're on your hosted computer and your hosted computer is doing networking,", 'start': 3326.677, 'duration': 7.464}, {'end': 3335.202, 'text': 'you can have issues.', 'start': 3334.141, 'duration': 1.061}, {'end': 3342.267, 'text': 'The biggest one I saw in the real world was when we had web servers running in the virtualized environment.', 'start': 3335.542, 'duration': 6.725}, {'end': 3347.951, 'text': 'On my computer, if I open up Outlook, sometimes you just want to get email.', 'start': 3343.388, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 3352.695, 'text': 'As soon as you shut off all the virtualization software, you got email just fine.', 'start': 3348.492, 'duration': 4.203}, {'end': 3355.071, 'text': "I'm not going to tell you why it happens.", 'start': 3353.769, 'duration': 1.302}, {'end': 3356.513, 'text': 'It just happens.', 'start': 3355.091, 'duration': 1.422}, {'end': 3362.722, 'text': 'Finally, we talked about converting normal servers to virtual servers.', 'start': 3357.334, 'duration': 5.388}], 'summary': 'Overallocation of resources to virtualized computers can lead to host computer crashes; networking issues can occur with virtual servers on hosted computers.', 'duration': 65.289, 'max_score': 3297.433, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M3297433.jpg'}], 'start': 2884.74, 'title': 'Virtualization overview', 'summary': 'Provides insights into virtualization licensing, emphasizing costs and considerations when purchasing hypervisors and software, and discusses the benefits of running multiple operating systems on a single computer while highlighting the importance of resource allocation to prevent crashing.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3252.547, 'start': 2884.74, 'title': 'Virtualization licensing and management', 'summary': 'Discusses the complexities of virtualization licensing, emphasizing the potential costs and considerations when purchasing hypervisors and virtualization software, and highlights the benefits and costs associated with type one and type two hypervisors.', 'duration': 367.807, 'highlights': ['Virtualization licensing can lead to significant costs, with potential expenses reaching up to $16,000 for a single server, emphasizing the importance of carefully understanding and managing licenses. The cost of virtualization licensing can escalate rapidly, with potential expenses of up to $16,000 for a single server due to licensing requirements based on the number of cores and processors.', 'Type 1 hypervisors offer powerful features but may incur substantial costs, starting at approximately $3,000, while enabling advanced functionalities such as automatic server activation and seamless instance migration. Type 1 hypervisors, though expensive with costs starting at around $3,000, provide advanced capabilities including automatic server activation and seamless instance migration across physical hardware.', 'Type 2 hypervisors, exemplified by VirtualBox, are discussed as a more accessible option with a dedicated class, presenting a contrast to the cost and capabilities of type 1 hypervisors. Type 2 hypervisors, like VirtualBox, are presented as a contrasting option with a dedicated class, offering a more accessible alternative to the cost and capabilities of type 1 hypervisors.']}, {'end': 3531.396, 'start': 3253.287, 'title': 'Introduction to virtualization', 'summary': 'Discusses the process of virtualization, its benefits, and considerations, including the ability to run multiple operating systems on a single computer, the caution required in allocating resources to prevent crashing the host computer, and the conversion of old servers to virtual servers to ensure stability and prevent critical failures.', 'duration': 278.109, 'highlights': ['The ability to run multiple operating systems on a single computer, such as opening Windows within a window on a Mac, is highlighted as a benefit of virtualization.', 'Caution is advised in allocating resources to virtualized computers to prevent crashing the host computer, as overallocation may lead to resource shortage and system crashes.', 'The conversion of old servers to virtual servers is emphasized as a way to ensure stability and prevent critical failures, particularly in the case of obsolete but essential servers like NT servers.', 'The stability and robustness of virtualization technology, which has been stable for around 10 years, is highlighted, dispelling concerns about it being complicated or prone to catastrophic failures.', "The instructor's plan to conduct a class on one of the type one hypervisors to demonstrate its operation is mentioned, indicating a practical approach to teaching virtualization technology."]}], 'duration': 646.656, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/zLJbP6vBk2M/pics/zLJbP6vBk2M2884740.jpg', 'highlights': ['Virtualization licensing costs can reach up to $16,000 for a single server, emphasizing the importance of careful management.', 'Type 1 hypervisors offer advanced capabilities but may incur substantial costs starting at around $3,000.', 'Type 2 hypervisors, like VirtualBox, provide a more accessible alternative to the cost and capabilities of type 1 hypervisors.', 'Running multiple operating systems on a single computer is highlighted as a benefit of virtualization.', 'Caution is advised in resource allocation to prevent crashing the host computer due to overallocation.', 'Converting old servers to virtual servers is emphasized to ensure stability and prevent critical failures.', 'The stability and robustness of virtualization technology, stable for around 10 years, dispel concerns about complexity and catastrophic failures.', 'The instructor plans to demonstrate the operation of a type one hypervisor in a practical approach to teaching virtualization technology.']}], 'highlights': ['Cloud computing encompasses virtualization but extends beyond it.', 'Virtualization separates the operating system from the underlying hardware, while cloud computing separates the application from the underlying hardware.', 'Virtualization separates the operating system from hardware, increasing flexibility and ease of maintenance.', 'Virtualization enables easy migration and maintenance, unlike traditional direct installation onto hardware.', 'Virtualization allows for easy migration of operating systems between physical servers, simplifying server management.', 'Running multiple instances of operating systems on a single server reduces the need for multiple physical servers.', 'Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors are explained, distinguishing between native/bare metal and hosted hypervisors.', 'Virtualization is a component of cloud computing, playing a role in a larger computing paradigm.', 'Virtualization enables the seamless transfer of operating systems between physical hardware and server consolidation.', 'Type 1 hypervisors require direct installation onto hardware and are intended for real enterprise servers.', 'The management software can automatically move instances of operating systems between physical servers based on their current resource needs, leading to efficient resource allocation and cost savings in electricity bills.', 'The management software can automatically migrate instances of servers in the event of physical hardware failure, ensuring fault tolerance and minimal downtime for users in the enterprise environment.', 'The concept of over-allocation allows for optimizing resource usage by allocating more total RAM to instances of operating systems than the physical server has, and dynamically allocating resources based on the current needs of each server.', 'Type 1 hypervisors like Xen-based hypervisors from VMware and Citrix are generally available for free, while the management software with advanced features can cost as much as $100,000.', "Basic level of VMware's management software starts at $3,000 and can escalate to higher prices for additional features.", 'The management console facilitates automating tasks such as moving instances of operating systems between physical servers, enabling seamless transitions and management of multiple servers and instances.', 'Type 1 hypervisors require a management console for interaction, minimizing direct interaction with the physical computer and enabling management through the installed software.', 'The management software on a separate computer allows for configuring the hypervisor, installing operating systems, and performing various configurations, emphasizing the minimal capabilities of the physical computer with the hypervisor installed.', 'Type two hypervisors are installed onto the operating system, making it easy to use and suitable for running a few servers on one box.', 'Many type two hypervisor products, such as Virtual PC from Microsoft and VirtualBox from Oracle, are generally free to use.', 'The instance of the operating system on a type two hypervisor opens up in a window like any application, allowing easy access without the need for management software.', 'Type two hosted hypervisors are commonly used in the corporate world due to their ease of use, especially when not worried about consolidating numerous servers into one box.', 'The virtualization hypervisor automatically takes the allocated resources from the host computer for the instance, leading to potential crashes if excessive resources are allocated, such as RAM, which could leave insufficient resources for the host computer (e.g., leaving only 1 gig of RAM for the host computer).', 'Networking issues may arise when using a Type 2 hypervisor, impacting other operations on the host computer, as seen in cases where email stops working while other network-dependent operations function normally.', 'Type two hypervisors allow running multiple instances of operating systems on one computer, beneficial for testing projects and web developers.', 'By using a powerful desktop computer with 30 gigs of RAM, one can create an entire virtual network, including servers and client computers.', 'Type 2 hypervisors are useful for testing projects, web development, and performing tasks required for Microsoft tests.', 'Server virtualization allows for easy migration of existing servers to virtual instances using conversion tools, eliminating the need for time-consuming manual migration processes.', 'Modern backup software can back up to a virtual hard drive format, enabling quick recovery by simply moving the virtual hard drive to the hypervisor in case of physical server failure.', 'Virtual appliances provided by VMware or Citrix offer pre-configured servers, significantly reducing deployment time by simplifying the installation and configuration process.', 'Virtualization licensing costs can reach up to $16,000 for a single server, emphasizing the importance of careful management.', 'Type 1 hypervisors offer advanced capabilities but may incur substantial costs starting at around $3,000.', 'Type 2 hypervisors, like VirtualBox, provide a more accessible alternative to the cost and capabilities of type 1 hypervisors.', 'Running multiple operating systems on a single computer is highlighted as a benefit of virtualization.', 'Caution is advised in resource allocation to prevent crashing the host computer due to overallocation.', 'Converting old servers to virtual servers is emphasized to ensure stability and prevent critical failures.', 'The stability and robustness of virtualization technology, stable for around 10 years, dispel concerns about complexity and catastrophic failures.', 'The instructor plans to demonstrate the operation of a type one hypervisor in a practical approach to teaching virtualization technology.']}