title
Communism vs Fascism: Which was more evil? | Michael Malice and Yaron Brook and Lex Fridman

description
Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pl3x4GINtBQ Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Ground News: https://ground.news/lex - Public Goods: https://publicgoods.com/lex and use code LEX to get $15 off - Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil - Brave: https://brave.com/lex - Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off GUEST BIO: Michael Malice is an anarchist. Yaron Brook is an objectivist. Both are podcasters and authors. PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

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{'title': 'Communism vs Fascism: Which was more evil? | Michael Malice and Yaron Brook and Lex Fridman', 'heatmap': [{'end': 1461.441, 'start': 1443.908, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'Discusses the shocking acceptance of communism despite its historical impact of 100 million deaths, emphasizes the rejection of both communism and nazism, compares communism to the borg from star trek, delves into the futility of comparing atrocities, and explores the evolution of fascist ideas from kant to mussolini, highlighting inherent authoritarianism in both ideologies.', 'chapters': [{'end': 80.96, 'segs': [{'end': 32.264, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3.025, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3.94, 'text': 'The attitude of people..', 'start': 3.025, 'duration': 0.915}, {'end': 7.899, 'text': 'between Nazism or fascism and communism is stunning.', 'start': 4.858, 'duration': 3.041}, {'end': 9.979, 'text': "And I've got- In my upcoming book.", 'start': 8.339, 'duration': 1.64}, {'end': 11.019, 'text': 'I have all the receipts.', 'start': 9.979, 'duration': 1.04}, {'end': 15.04, 'text': 'how like the things that they were saying about Stalin at the time are.', 'start': 11.019, 'duration': 4.021}, {'end': 17.021, 'text': "if you look back, it's unconscionable.", 'start': 15.04, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 20.561, 'text': 'And these people have had no accountability in the positive direction.', 'start': 17.621, 'duration': 2.94}, {'end': 21.802, 'text': "It's not even at the time.", 'start': 20.701, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 25.402, 'text': "And we need to get back to the selfishness stuff, but it's not even at the time.", 'start': 21.862, 'duration': 3.54}, {'end': 28.823, 'text': "So I was once, I think I've told this story.", 'start': 25.762, 'duration': 3.061}, {'end': 32.264, 'text': "I was in the green room going on John Stossel's show.", 'start': 28.943, 'duration': 3.321}], 'summary': 'Comparison between nazism, fascism, and communism is shocking, with lack of accountability.', 'duration': 29.239, 'max_score': 3.025, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI3025.jpg'}], 'start': 3.025, 'title': 'Attitudes toward ideologies', 'summary': 'Delves into the shocking acceptance of communism despite its historical impact of 100 million deaths, revealing the lack of accountability and societal attitudes toward ideologies.', 'chapters': [{'end': 80.96, 'start': 3.025, 'title': 'Attitudes towards nazism, fascism, and communism', 'summary': 'Discusses the shocking attitudes towards communism and the lack of accountability, highlighting the acceptance of a communist individual despite their historical impact of 100 million deaths.', 'duration': 77.935, 'highlights': ['The acceptance of a card-carrying member of the Communist Party, despite the historical impact of 100 million deaths, is highlighted as a shocking attitude towards communism.', 'The lack of accountability regarding the positive view of communism is emphasized, pointing out the unconscionable things said about Stalin at the time.']}], 'duration': 77.935, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI3025.jpg', 'highlights': ['Shocking acceptance of communism despite 100 million deaths.', 'Lack of accountability regarding positive view of communism.']}, {'end': 400.834, 'segs': [{'end': 238.451, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 172.058, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 174.318, 'text': "There's a different context in which I would fear Hitler.", 'start': 172.058, 'duration': 2.26}, {'end': 176.059, 'text': 'But as ideologies..', 'start': 174.619, 'duration': 1.44}, {'end': 179.065, 'text': 'they are equally evil.', 'start': 177.284, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 180.186, 'text': 'Wait, but..', 'start': 179.485, 'duration': 0.701}, {'end': 185.97, 'text': "Not the same, because the difference between communism and fascism, but as ideologies, they're equally evil.", 'start': 180.186, 'duration': 5.784}, {'end': 191.773, 'text': 'They both view the individual as insignificant, unimportant, and they both basically want to kill any independent-minded..', 'start': 186.01, 'duration': 5.763}, {'end': 193.854, 'text': "Well, you're equating communism with Stalinism.", 'start': 191.773, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 194.815, 'text': "So you're equating..", 'start': 194.155, 'duration': 0.66}, {'end': 197.177, 'text': "No, I'm equating communism..", 'start': 194.815, 'duration': 2.362}, {'end': 198.337, 'text': "I don't know what Stalinism is.", 'start': 197.177, 'duration': 1.16}, {'end': 198.858, 'text': "I don't care.", 'start': 198.397, 'duration': 0.461}, {'end': 201.259, 'text': 'Stalinism is one version of communism.', 'start': 199.778, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 202.14, 'text': "It's an implementation.", 'start': 201.299, 'duration': 0.841}, {'end': 205.422, 'text': 'Communism is an evil ideology, no matter who practices it.', 'start': 202.46, 'duration': 2.962}, {'end': 211.503, 'text': "I think that's too loose because here's one example.", 'start': 206.442, 'duration': 5.061}, {'end': 218.505, 'text': 'The first person who went to the Soviet Union from the left and denounced it was Emma Goldman.', 'start': 211.803, 'duration': 6.702}, {'end': 223.166, 'text': 'She was an anarcho-communist, right? So she went there, she got deported from the United States.', 'start': 219.045, 'duration': 4.121}, {'end': 225.207, 'text': 'She went to Lenin, to his face.', 'start': 223.566, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 226.227, 'text': 'Hold on, let me finish.', 'start': 225.567, 'duration': 0.66}, {'end': 228.748, 'text': "You're already dismissing what I'm saying.", 'start': 226.247, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 230.188, 'text': 'Your body language, your emotions.', 'start': 228.768, 'duration': 1.42}, {'end': 233.069, 'text': "Listen, history doesn't care about your feelings either.", 'start': 230.828, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 238.451, 'text': "She goes to Lenin, she goes, we're supposed to be about free speech.", 'start': 235.049, 'duration': 3.402}], 'summary': 'Communism and fascism are deemed equally evil, disregarding individual significance and free speech.', 'duration': 66.393, 'max_score': 172.058, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI172058.jpg'}, {'end': 281.589, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 253.941, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 259.224, 'text': 'Well, she comes back to the West, the big red Emma, the big hero of the left.', 'start': 253.941, 'duration': 5.283}, {'end': 264.125, 'text': "And she goes, you guys, this is a complete not she didn't say bad.", 'start': 259.824, 'duration': 4.301}, {'end': 265.045, 'text': 'She was very random.', 'start': 264.245, 'duration': 0.8}, {'end': 266.446, 'text': 'She goes, this is pure evil.', 'start': 265.065, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 271.367, 'text': "This is horrifying what they're doing to the workers, which is supposedly care about completely oppressing.", 'start': 266.826, 'duration': 4.541}, {'end': 276.728, 'text': 'And when one person described, they go when she got up to talk, it was a standing ovation.', 'start': 272.007, 'duration': 4.721}, {'end': 281.589, 'text': "And when she was finished, you could hear a pin drop because she wasn't some capitalist.", 'start': 277.068, 'duration': 4.521}], 'summary': "Emma's speech was met with a standing ovation and silence, highlighting her impact on the left.", 'duration': 27.648, 'max_score': 253.941, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI253941.jpg'}], 'start': 81.52, 'title': 'Debating ideologies and moral compromise', 'summary': "Discusses a debate on communism and nazism, emphasizing the rejection of both ideologies and their negative impact. it also explores emma goldman's dilemma, her conflict with lenin, and her moral compromise as a leftist, highlighting the consequences of her ideas in the soviet union.", 'chapters': [{'end': 218.505, 'start': 81.52, 'title': 'Communism vs nazism: a debate', 'summary': "Delves into a debate about the ideologies of communism and nazism, highlighting the speaker's rejection of both and their belief in their equal evil, in the context of a meeting with libertarians and a comparison of the impacts of stalinism and nazism on the speaker's jewish identity.", 'duration': 136.985, 'highlights': ["The speaker engages in a debate about the ideologies of communism and Nazism, rejecting both and asserting their equal evil, emphasizing the impact of these ideologies on the speaker's Jewish identity.", "The speaker highlights the indifference of libertarians towards the ideologies of communism and Nazism, depicting the lack of concern for the speaker's strong opposition to both ideologies.", 'The speaker discusses the impact of Stalinism and Nazism on the Jewish people, emphasizing the difference in the brand names of the two ideologies and their equal evil in terms of their view of the individual and desire to eliminate independent-minded individuals.', "The speaker emphasizes their rejection of communism and Nazism, citing Emma Goldman's denouncement of the Soviet Union as an example of the left's rejection of communism."]}, {'end': 400.834, 'start': 219.045, 'title': "Emma goldman's dilemma", 'summary': "Discusses emma goldman's confrontation with lenin, her return to the west, and her ideological conflict, concluding that her failure to repudiate her ideas makes her morally compromised as a leftist. although she received a standing ovation, her failure to acknowledge the consequences of her ideas in the soviet union is considered dishonest and immoral.", 'duration': 181.789, 'highlights': ["Emma Goldman's confrontation with Lenin and his dismissal of free speech during the revolution showcases the ideological conflict between individual freedom and revolutionary principles.", "Emma Goldman's return to the West and denouncement of the oppression of workers received a standing ovation, highlighting her influence as a hard-left advocate for violent revolution.", "The discussion on Emma Goldman's failure to repudiate her ideas after witnessing the consequences in the Soviet Union and the argument that her continued adherence to leftist ideology makes her morally compromised are key points in the analysis."]}], 'duration': 319.314, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI81520.jpg', 'highlights': ['The speaker rejects communism and Nazism, emphasizing their equal evil and impact on Jewish identity.', "Emma Goldman's confrontation with Lenin showcases the conflict between individual freedom and revolutionary principles.", "Emma Goldman's denouncement of the oppression of workers received a standing ovation, highlighting her influence as a hard-left advocate for violent revolution.", "The speaker emphasizes their rejection of communism and Nazism, citing Emma Goldman's denouncement of the Soviet Union as an example of the left's rejection of communism."]}, {'end': 682.511, 'segs': [{'end': 469.939, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 400.894, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 405.296, 'text': 'Now, the Borg, you remember the Borg from Star Trek or whatever the series was? Okay, nerd.', 'start': 400.894, 'duration': 4.402}, {'end': 407.937, 'text': 'Yeah, I mean..', 'start': 406.937, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 408.618, 'text': 'Okay, okay.', 'start': 407.937, 'duration': 0.681}, {'end': 410.099, 'text': 'No, I..', 'start': 408.678, 'duration': 1.421}, {'end': 411.64, 'text': "I'm a nerd.", 'start': 411.179, 'duration': 0.461}, {'end': 415.883, 'text': "Okay It's the highest of compliments in this household.", 'start': 411.68, 'duration': 4.203}, {'end': 417.224, 'text': 'The Borg is the highest of Lex.', 'start': 415.923, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 422.968, 'text': 'The Borg is communist, right? The Borg is a different species.', 'start': 419.966, 'duration': 3.002}, {'end': 424.809, 'text': 'It has a different biology.', 'start': 423.468, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 427.871, 'text': 'It has a different form of consciousness.', 'start': 425.27, 'duration': 2.601}, {'end': 430.714, 'text': 'Now, whether such a being could survive evolution..', 'start': 427.911, 'duration': 2.803}, {'end': 434.395, 'text': "is a question, whether such- Well, ants, they don't have to be intelligent.", 'start': 431.494, 'duration': 2.901}, {'end': 440.778, 'text': "Yeah, but then the question is, can you have free will, human cognitive cognition, and be a Borg? I don't think so.", 'start': 434.455, 'duration': 6.323}, {'end': 443.54, 'text': 'But maybe, maybe in another planet.', 'start': 441.079, 'duration': 2.461}, {'end': 445.1, 'text': 'You gotta take DMT to meet the Borg.', 'start': 443.66, 'duration': 1.44}, {'end': 447.822, 'text': 'See human beings.', 'start': 446.941, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 451.231, 'text': 'no, communism is anti.', 'start': 448.61, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 459.274, 'text': "the reason communism is evil is it's anti-reality, anti-human nature, anti the individual, and therefore it is inherently evil.", 'start': 451.231, 'duration': 8.043}, {'end': 462.356, 'text': 'it cannot result in anything good coming out of it.', 'start': 459.274, 'duration': 3.082}, {'end': 463.196, 'text': 'only bad can come up.', 'start': 462.356, 'duration': 0.84}, {'end': 466.117, 'text': 'do you think you could have predicted that before the 20th?', 'start': 463.196, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 467.398, 'text': 'yes, and plenty of people did.', 'start': 466.117, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 468.178, 'text': "it's not, it's not.", 'start': 467.398, 'duration': 0.78}, {'end': 469.139, 'text': 'you know who did?', 'start': 468.178, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 469.939, 'text': 'mikhail bakunin?', 'start': 469.139, 'duration': 0.8}], 'summary': "Discussion on the borg's nature and communism's evilness.", 'duration': 69.045, 'max_score': 400.894, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI400894.jpg'}, {'end': 522.663, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 491.862, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 492.903, 'text': 'He was a hardcore leftist.', 'start': 491.862, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 495.845, 'text': "Look, Marx predicted it, right? Yeah, that's true.", 'start': 493.003, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 499.687, 'text': 'Marx at some point says certain people cannot be part of the proletarian.', 'start': 495.985, 'duration': 3.702}, {'end': 500.548, 'text': 'They have to be liquidated.', 'start': 499.707, 'duration': 0.841}, {'end': 505.071, 'text': 'So this idea of mass murder and mass killing is not new to communism.', 'start': 501.008, 'duration': 4.063}, {'end': 507.092, 'text': 'It is an inherent part of what it means.', 'start': 505.111, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 509.394, 'text': "You're either proletarian or you're not.", 'start': 507.453, 'duration': 1.941}, {'end': 510.655, 'text': 'And look..', 'start': 509.894, 'duration': 0.761}, {'end': 512.236, 'text': 'and in marx.', 'start': 511.255, 'duration': 0.981}, {'end': 513.357, 'text': "it's in marx right.", 'start': 512.236, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 515.398, 'text': "the individual doesn't matter.", 'start': 513.357, 'duration': 2.041}, {'end': 519.121, 'text': "now he might matter in his utopia because he knows he's got a marketing problem.", 'start': 515.398, 'duration': 3.723}, {'end': 522.663, 'text': 'see, marx has a marketing problem, because the fact is, you have individuals.', 'start': 519.121, 'duration': 3.542}], 'summary': 'Communism inherently involves mass murder and devalues the individual.', 'duration': 30.801, 'max_score': 491.862, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI491862.jpg'}, {'end': 626.656, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 595.676, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 596.857, 'text': 'He gets the workers wrong.', 'start': 595.676, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 600.621, 'text': 'He gets the labor theory of value is wrong.', 'start': 596.897, 'duration': 3.724}, {'end': 602.303, 'text': 'There is nothing of value.', 'start': 601.081, 'duration': 1.222}, {'end': 604.124, 'text': "There's nothing of value in communism.", 'start': 602.323, 'duration': 1.801}, {'end': 609.45, 'text': 'It is a wrong, unfitted to human nature ideology from beginning to end.', 'start': 604.325, 'duration': 5.125}, {'end': 613.467, 'text': 'The clarity with which you speak is just not something I..', 'start': 610.305, 'duration': 3.162}, {'end': 615.228, 'text': "I don't think I have that clarity about anything.", 'start': 613.467, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 615.889, 'text': 'So I..', 'start': 615.308, 'duration': 0.581}, {'end': 619.291, 'text': 'I mean, it has to do with that thing that where everybody has something to teach you.', 'start': 615.889, 'duration': 3.402}, {'end': 620.232, 'text': 'I just feel like..', 'start': 619.391, 'duration': 0.841}, {'end': 623.214, 'text': "I've been reading Mein Kampf recently, for example, for the first time.", 'start': 620.232, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 626.656, 'text': "Something to learn from Hitler? Well, there's a lot to learn from Hitler.", 'start': 623.574, 'duration': 3.082}], 'summary': 'The speaker critiques communism and expresses admiration for hitler, highlighting the value of learning from different perspectives.', 'duration': 30.98, 'max_score': 595.676, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI595676.jpg'}], 'start': 400.894, 'title': 'Communism and the borg', 'summary': "Compares the borg from star trek to communism, examining their biology, consciousness, and coexistence with human cognition, with a touch of humor. it also emphasizes the inherent evil of communism, citing historical examples and discussing the lack of value in marx's ideologies.", 'chapters': [{'end': 451.231, 'start': 400.894, 'title': 'The borg and communism', 'summary': 'Delves into a comparison between the borg from star trek and communism, discussing their different biology, consciousness, and the possibility of coexisting with human cognitive cognition, with a humorous touch.', 'duration': 50.337, 'highlights': ['The Borg is a different species with a different biology and form of consciousness.', 'Discussing the possibility of coexisting with human cognitive cognition and being a Borg.', 'Humorous reference to being a nerd and the Borg as the highest of compliments.']}, {'end': 682.511, 'start': 451.231, 'title': 'Evil of communism', 'summary': "Emphasizes the inherent evil of communism, citing historical examples and highlighting its anti-reality, anti-human nature, and anti-individual aspects, while discussing the lack of value in marx's ideologies.", 'duration': 231.28, 'highlights': ["Mikhail Bakunin's early critique of communism in 1860, foreseeing its disastrous consequences, provides historical evidence of the inherent evil of communism. Mikhail Bakunin's essay in 1860 predicted the totalitarian nightmare of implementing Marx's ideas, demonstrating the anti-reality and anti-human nature of communism.", "Discussion on Marx's belief in mass murder and the liquidation of certain individuals, showcasing the inherent evil of communism. Marx's idea of liquidating certain individuals as part of the proletarian exposes the inherent evil of communism, emphasizing its anti-individual nature.", "Critique of Marx's ideology, highlighting the lack of value in his concepts related to capitalism, proletarian, and the labor theory of value. The discussion focuses on the lack of value in Marx's ideologies related to capitalism, proletarian, and the labor theory of value, emphasizing the inherent flaws in his communist ideals."]}], 'duration': 281.617, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI400894.jpg', 'highlights': ['The Borg is a different species with a different biology and form of consciousness.', 'Discussing the possibility of coexisting with human cognitive cognition and being a Borg.', 'Humorous reference to being a nerd and the Borg as the highest of compliments.', "Mikhail Bakunin's early critique of communism in 1860, foreseeing its disastrous consequences, provides historical evidence of the inherent evil of communism.", "Marx's idea of liquidating certain individuals as part of the proletarian exposes the inherent evil of communism, emphasizing its anti-individual nature.", "The discussion focuses on the lack of value in Marx's ideologies related to capitalism, proletarian, and the labor theory of value, emphasizing the inherent flaws in his communist ideals."]}, {'end': 1188.509, 'segs': [{'end': 773.025, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 726.507, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 730.37, 'text': 'and yeah, you could be like what would you rather have, like this kind of cancer or full-blown AIDS?', 'start': 726.507, 'duration': 3.863}, {'end': 735.773, 'text': "And sure, I mean there's gotta be life expectancy, But these are such.", 'start': 730.45, 'duration': 5.323}, {'end': 737.854, 'text': "I'll evade your question, reframe it.", 'start': 735.773, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 748.8, 'text': "I think we understand and a lot of this is a function of the propaganda at the time and I'm not using the word propaganda in a negative sense the horrors of Hitler and Nazism.", 'start': 738.615, 'duration': 10.185}, {'end': 760.61, 'text': "I think and one of the things I'm trying to solve with my upcoming book there is a very poor understanding about the horrors of Stalinism and what that meant in practice.", 'start': 749.4, 'duration': 11.21}, {'end': 766.857, 'text': 'One of the reasons I wrote Dear Reader, my North Korea book, and what I was shocked and delighted by.', 'start': 760.83, 'duration': 6.027}, {'end': 773.025, 'text': 'when I started writing Dear Reader, I thought to myself look, I have very little capacity to effect change.', 'start': 766.857, 'duration': 6.168}], 'summary': "The transcript discusses the impact of propaganda and the author's efforts to bring awareness to the horrors of stalinism and north korea.", 'duration': 46.518, 'max_score': 726.507, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI726507.jpg'}, {'end': 819.213, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 792.213, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 799.439, 'text': 'to stop it being regarded as a laughing stock and start regarding it as a existential horror.', 'start': 792.213, 'duration': 7.226}, {'end': 803.021, 'text': 'And the metaphor I use always, and we brought up earlier, was the Joker.', 'start': 800.119, 'duration': 2.902}, {'end': 809.306, 'text': "Because people look at Kim Jong-un, Kim Jong-il, his father, they look at a clown, this guy's a buffoon, and that's valid.", 'start': 803.482, 'duration': 5.824}, {'end': 811.928, 'text': 'And I go, and I said, this is what I can do.', 'start': 809.926, 'duration': 2.002}, {'end': 813.409, 'text': 'I can move that camera a little bit.', 'start': 812.128, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 819.213, 'text': 'And now that camera, instead of looking at Kim Jong-un, Kim Jong-il, you see behind him literally millions.', 'start': 813.949, 'duration': 5.264}], 'summary': 'Shift perception of kim jong-un from clown to existential horror.', 'duration': 27, 'max_score': 792.213, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI792213.jpg'}, {'end': 1028.176, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 989.206, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 998.431, 'text': "So to me, communism is the much bigger threat because we still think it's some kind of beautiful ideal in the world around us.", 'start': 989.206, 'duration': 9.225}, {'end': 1006.751, 'text': "I think Nazism's out, but I think fascism is a massive threat out there because I don't think we've learned real lessons of..", 'start': 1000.189, 'duration': 6.562}, {'end': 1008.251, 'text': 'Nobody knows what fascism is.', 'start': 1006.751, 'duration': 1.5}, {'end': 1010.512, 'text': 'Everybody thinks fascism is Nazism.', 'start': 1008.871, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 1015.713, 'text': "They don't recognize that, in a sense, we're already fascist and that we're certainly heading in that direction.", 'start': 1010.532, 'duration': 5.181}, {'end': 1017.494, 'text': "So they don't know what it is.", 'start': 1016.473, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 1018.674, 'text': "And again, we haven't studied..", 'start': 1017.534, 'duration': 1.14}, {'end': 1025.536, 'text': "And the real lesson here is we haven't studied what unifies them both because there's not a big difference between fascism and communism.", 'start': 1018.674, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 1028.176, 'text': "There's no big difference between Nazism and communism.", 'start': 1026.215, 'duration': 1.961}], 'summary': 'Communism and fascism pose significant threats due to lack of understanding and similarities.', 'duration': 38.97, 'max_score': 989.206, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI989206.jpg'}, {'end': 1093.667, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1067.673, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 1072.354, 'text': "Somebody has to tell the proletarian what they believe in because they don't know because there is no collective consciousness.", 'start': 1067.673, 'duration': 4.681}, {'end': 1073.774, 'text': 'So you need a Stalin.', 'start': 1072.674, 'duration': 1.1}, {'end': 1075.415, 'text': 'And this is the point about Marxism.', 'start': 1073.954, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 1086.28, 'text': "Marxism needs a dictator because somebody has to represent the values, the public interest, what's good for the public.", 'start': 1076.352, 'duration': 9.928}, {'end': 1088.162, 'text': 'Nazism needs the same thing.', 'start': 1086.821, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 1093.667, 'text': 'Just Nazism replaced proletarian with Aryans, the Aryan race, and you have exactly the same thing.', 'start': 1088.222, 'duration': 5.445}], 'summary': 'Marxism and nazism both require a dictator to represent their values and public interest.', 'duration': 25.994, 'max_score': 1067.673, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1067673.jpg'}, {'end': 1151.992, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1123.353, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 1127.296, 'text': "And let's talk, what you said earlier on is about how people don't know what fascism is.", 'start': 1123.353, 'duration': 3.943}, {'end': 1128.718, 'text': "Fascists don't know what fascism is.", 'start': 1127.556, 'duration': 1.162}, {'end': 1135.322, 'text': "So there's a superb book by John Diggins from the early 70s called Mussolini and Fascism, The View from America.", 'start': 1129.378, 'duration': 5.944}, {'end': 1141.146, 'text': 'So I find Mussolini to be a far more interesting figure than Hitler because he had a much more nuanced career.', 'start': 1135.642, 'duration': 5.504}, {'end': 1142.907, 'text': 'He was much more of an innovator.', 'start': 1141.546, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 1146.89, 'text': 'He was an intellectual, which is shocking because he always comes across as a buffoon.', 'start': 1142.927, 'duration': 3.963}, {'end': 1151.992, 'text': 'But he was actually, I think, a- Hold on, hold on.', 'start': 1147.23, 'duration': 4.762}], 'summary': "Discussion on mussolini's nuanced career and intellectual aspects, highlighting his innovation and intellect.", 'duration': 28.639, 'max_score': 1123.353, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1123353.jpg'}], 'start': 683.412, 'title': 'Understanding totalitarian horrors', 'summary': 'Delves into the futility of comparing atrocities, aiming to change the perception of north korea, and emphasizes the need for awareness and education about the dangers of communism and fascism, highlighting the threat posed by limited recognition of fascism.', 'chapters': [{'end': 832.903, 'start': 683.412, 'title': 'Understanding the horrors of stalinism', 'summary': "Discusses the pointlessness of comparing atrocities like the holocaust and slavery, and focuses on the author's goal to change the conversation about north korea to stop it being regarded as a laughing stock and start regarding it as an existential horror.", 'duration': 149.491, 'highlights': ['The author aims to change the conversation about North Korea to stop it being regarded as a laughing stock and start regarding it as an existential horror, setting a very limited goal to move the needle in North Korea for profound positive consequences.', "The author's upcoming book aims to solve the poor understanding about the horrors of Stalinism in practice, emphasizing the need to change the conversation about North Korea.", 'The author highlights the pointlessness and harmfulness of comparing atrocities like the Holocaust and slavery, advocating for a change in perspective and understanding the propaganda at the time for Hitler and Nazism.', "The author's competency lies in telling stories and writing books to affect change, with a focus on using this capacity to move the needle in North Korea for profound positive consequences."]}, {'end': 1188.509, 'start': 833.503, 'title': 'Understanding totalitarian ideologies', 'summary': 'Explores the lack of understanding and danger posed by both communism and fascism, emphasizing the need for greater awareness and education, and the potential threat posed by fascism due to limited recognition and study of its nature.', 'duration': 355.006, 'highlights': ['Communism is considered a bigger threat than Nazism due to the widespread lack of understanding and perception of it as a beautiful ideal, reflecting the need for increased awareness and education about its destructive nature and consequences.', 'The danger of fascism is highlighted as it is not widely recognized or studied, with the emphasis on the need for greater understanding and education about its nature and the potential emergence of a strongman within its ideology.', "The unifying factor between communism and fascism is discussed, emphasizing the common focus on the public interest and the sacrifice of individual freedom, with the need for awareness of these ideologies' shared elements.", 'The role of a dictator is emphasized in both communism and fascism, with the explanation that these ideologies naturally lead to the emergence of a dictator due to the need to represent the values and public interest, reflecting the inherent danger within these systems.', 'The intellectual and nuanced nature of Mussolini is highlighted, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of fascism and its historical figures, reflecting the importance of studying and recognizing the complexities within totalitarian ideologies.']}], 'duration': 505.097, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI683412.jpg', 'highlights': ['The author aims to change the conversation about North Korea to stop it being regarded as a laughing stock and start regarding it as an existential horror, setting a very limited goal to move the needle in North Korea for profound positive consequences.', "The author's upcoming book aims to solve the poor understanding about the horrors of Stalinism in practice, emphasizing the need to change the conversation about North Korea.", 'The author highlights the pointlessness and harmfulness of comparing atrocities like the Holocaust and slavery, advocating for a change in perspective and understanding the propaganda at the time for Hitler and Nazism.', 'Communism is considered a bigger threat than Nazism due to the widespread lack of understanding and perception of it as a beautiful ideal, reflecting the need for increased awareness and education about its destructive nature and consequences.', 'The danger of fascism is highlighted as it is not widely recognized or studied, with the emphasis on the need for greater understanding and education about its nature and the potential emergence of a strongman within its ideology.', "The unifying factor between communism and fascism is discussed, emphasizing the common focus on the public interest and the sacrifice of individual freedom, with the need for awareness of these ideologies' shared elements.", 'The role of a dictator is emphasized in both communism and fascism, with the explanation that these ideologies naturally lead to the emergence of a dictator due to the need to represent the values and public interest, reflecting the inherent danger within these systems.', 'The intellectual and nuanced nature of Mussolini is highlighted, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of fascism and its historical figures, reflecting the importance of studying and recognizing the complexities within totalitarian ideologies.']}, {'end': 1621.256, 'segs': [{'end': 1264.829, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1231.771, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1235.593, 'text': "and when you denounce these values and urges, that's the basis of morality.", 'start': 1231.771, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 1237.193, 'text': 'and from there it went to nietzsche.', 'start': 1235.593, 'duration': 1.6}, {'end': 1241.415, 'text': "and the will isn't mindless, it is a will to power.", 'start': 1237.193, 'duration': 4.222}, {'end': 1249.978, 'text': 'uh, mussolini took this and basically said because the will to power is the real reality, the kantian idea.', 'start': 1241.415, 'duration': 8.563}, {'end': 1255.544, 'text': 'therefore, all of this is secondary, so if we will it, We can make it happen.', 'start': 1249.978, 'duration': 5.566}, {'end': 1264.829, 'text': "When you have this concept of my willpower is stronger than reality and you're like, okay, how's this program gonna work? We can make it happen.", 'start': 1255.904, 'duration': 8.925}], 'summary': "Denouncing values and embracing will to power led to mussolini's belief in shaping reality through willpower.", 'duration': 33.058, 'max_score': 1231.771, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1231771.jpg'}, {'end': 1334.168, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1307.228, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1310.771, 'text': "All the intellectuals said this proves capitalism can't work.", 'start': 1307.228, 'duration': 3.543}, {'end': 1314.194, 'text': "The Great Depression, obviously, air quotes, is capitalism's fault.", 'start': 1311.131, 'duration': 3.063}, {'end': 1316.576, 'text': 'Then you have the alternative, the USSR.', 'start': 1314.614, 'duration': 1.962}, {'end': 1318.097, 'text': "Well, that's not tenable for us.", 'start': 1316.836, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 1319.438, 'text': 'Here comes Mussolini.', 'start': 1318.478, 'duration': 0.96}, {'end': 1322.881, 'text': "And Mussolini says, I'm going to take the best of both worlds.", 'start': 1319.899, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 1326.725, 'text': "I have aspects of markets, capitalism, but I don't have this chaos and..", 'start': 1323.242, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 1330.667, 'text': "But I also don't have complete government control of the bureaucrats.", 'start': 1327.205, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 1332.528, 'text': "I'm going to have this combination.", 'start': 1330.827, 'duration': 1.701}, {'end': 1334.168, 'text': 'And there was a Broadway song.', 'start': 1332.928, 'duration': 1.24}], 'summary': "Intellectuals critique capitalism, ussr as alternative, mussolini's hybrid approach.", 'duration': 26.94, 'max_score': 1307.228, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1307228.jpg'}, {'end': 1381.942, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1350.316, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1356.159, 'text': "Fascists don't care who owns stuff, owns in quotes, because what's important is who controls it.", 'start': 1350.316, 'duration': 5.843}, {'end': 1363.242, 'text': 'So you can own your home, but if I get to tell you when you can sell it, for how much you can sell it and what you can do on that home,', 'start': 1356.799, 'duration': 6.443}, {'end': 1364.442, 'text': "then I'm in control of it.", 'start': 1363.242, 'duration': 1.2}, {'end': 1366.043, 'text': "That's the essence of fascism.", 'start': 1364.723, 'duration': 1.32}, {'end': 1372.17, 'text': 'And if you think about it, We live today in a much more fascist economic context than anything else.', 'start': 1366.323, 'duration': 5.847}, {'end': 1381.942, 'text': 'We pretend that corporations are private, but when everything they do is regulated who they can hire, how much they pay them,', 'start': 1373.311, 'duration': 8.631}], 'summary': 'Fascism prioritizes control over ownership; modern economy is more fascist than perceived.', 'duration': 31.626, 'max_score': 1350.316, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1350316.jpg'}, {'end': 1474.23, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1443.908, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1445.089, 'text': 'I have my own view.', 'start': 1443.908, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 1446.21, 'text': "I think it's going to be a..", 'start': 1445.429, 'duration': 0.781}, {'end': 1449.552, 'text': 'a nationalist, religionist, environmentalist.', 'start': 1447.37, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 1451.073, 'text': 'I think somebody who can combine those three.', 'start': 1449.592, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 1452.014, 'text': 'Well, Hitler did those, yeah.', 'start': 1451.093, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 1453.115, 'text': 'Yeah, exactly.', 'start': 1452.074, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 1456.517, 'text': "Somebody who can combine those three and articulate the case for it, I think America's ready.", 'start': 1453.215, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 1460.7, 'text': "So you think it's possible for fascism to arise in the world again? Oh, of course.", 'start': 1456.637, 'duration': 4.063}, {'end': 1461.441, 'text': 'It had never went away.', 'start': 1460.78, 'duration': 0.661}, {'end': 1462.202, 'text': 'It never went away.', 'start': 1461.461, 'duration': 0.741}, {'end': 1463.202, 'text': 'They just adopted the name.', 'start': 1462.222, 'duration': 0.98}, {'end': 1470.088, 'text': 'Because the fundamental ideas, the Kantian ideas, the ideas that are behind fascism never went away.', 'start': 1463.863, 'duration': 6.225}, {'end': 1471.309, 'text': 'There still is popular..', 'start': 1470.108, 'duration': 1.201}, {'end': 1474.23, 'text': 'if anything, more popular than they were back then.', 'start': 1472.089, 'duration': 2.141}], 'summary': 'Fascism may rise again, combining nationalism, religion, and environmentalism. it never went away and is still popular.', 'duration': 30.322, 'max_score': 1443.908, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1443908.jpg'}, {'end': 1521.125, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1497.547, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1504.832, 'text': 'because the fundamental principle behind both communism and fascism is the unimportance of the individual.', 'start': 1497.547, 'duration': 7.285}, {'end': 1506.113, 'text': 'The individual is nothing.', 'start': 1504.872, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 1511.418, 'text': 'The individual is a nobody and the importance of the collective.', 'start': 1506.173, 'duration': 5.245}, {'end': 1514.38, 'text': 'The collective will, the collective soul, the collective consciousness.', 'start': 1511.438, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 1517.703, 'text': 'But the collective has no will, has no soul, has no consciousness.', 'start': 1515.101, 'duration': 2.602}, {'end': 1521.125, 'text': 'So somebody has to emerge to speak for the collective.', 'start': 1518.382, 'duration': 2.743}], 'summary': 'Communism and fascism devalue the individual for the collective, but somebody must speak for the collective.', 'duration': 23.578, 'max_score': 1497.547, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1497547.jpg'}], 'start': 1188.569, 'title': 'Philosophical origins of fascism', 'summary': 'Explores the evolution of fascist ideas from kant to mussolini, highlighting inherent authoritarianism in communism and fascism, and the potential for fascism to manifest in a uniquely american form.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1621.256, 'start': 1188.569, 'title': 'Philosophical origins of fascism', 'summary': 'Delves into the philosophical origins of fascism, tracing the evolution of ideas from kant to mussolini and highlights the inherent authoritarianism in both communism and fascism, emphasizing the potential for fascism to manifest in a uniquely american form.', 'duration': 432.687, 'highlights': ["The nature of reality as will, as proposed by Schopenhauer, laid the foundation for the concept of the will to power, which was later adopted by Mussolini and formed the basis of fascism. Schopenhauer's idea of reality as will and the subsequent concept of the will to power formed the philosophical basis of fascism, influencing Mussolini's ideology.", "Fascism is characterized by a focus on power and control, where ownership is secondary to control, reflecting in today's economic context with corporations and regulatory control. The essence of fascism lies in the pursuit of power and control, prioritizing control over ownership, which is reflected in today's economic context with corporations and regulatory control.", 'The chapter suggests the potential for fascism to arise in a uniquely American form, with the emphasis on authoritarianism and the unimportance of the individual in both communism and fascism. The chapter highlights the potential for fascism to manifest in a uniquely American form, emphasizing the inherent authoritarianism and the devaluation of the individual in both communism and fascism.', "The historical context of the Great Depression and the ideological response from intellectuals and leaders, such as Mussolini's attempt to combine aspects of capitalism and government control, is discussed as a precursor to the rise of fascism. The chapter discusses the historical context of the Great Depression and how leaders like Mussolini attempted to combine aspects of capitalism and government control, laying the groundwork for the rise of fascism.", 'The emergence of authoritarianism in both communism and fascism is emphasized, highlighting the necessity for someone to speak for the collective due to the devaluation of the individual in these ideologies. The chapter emphasizes the emergence of authoritarianism in both communism and fascism, attributing it to the devaluation of the individual and the necessity for someone to speak for the collective in these ideologies.']}], 'duration': 432.687, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/vKRVpSINsvI/pics/vKRVpSINsvI1188569.jpg', 'highlights': ['The nature of reality as will, as proposed by Schopenhauer, laid the foundation for the concept of the will to power, which was later adopted by Mussolini and formed the basis of fascism.', "The essence of fascism lies in the pursuit of power and control, prioritizing control over ownership, which is reflected in today's economic context with corporations and regulatory control.", 'The chapter highlights the potential for fascism to manifest in a uniquely American form, emphasizing the inherent authoritarianism and the devaluation of the individual in both communism and fascism.', 'The chapter discusses the historical context of the Great Depression and how leaders like Mussolini attempted to combine aspects of capitalism and government control, laying the groundwork for the rise of fascism.', 'The chapter emphasizes the emergence of authoritarianism in both communism and fascism, attributing it to the devaluation of the individual and the necessity for someone to speak for the collective in these ideologies.']}], 'highlights': ['Shocking acceptance of communism despite 100 million deaths.', 'Lack of accountability regarding positive view of communism.', "Mikhail Bakunin's early critique of communism in 1860, foreseeing its disastrous consequences, provides historical evidence of the inherent evil of communism.", "Marx's idea of liquidating certain individuals as part of the proletarian exposes the inherent evil of communism, emphasizing its anti-individual nature.", "The discussion focuses on the lack of value in Marx's ideologies related to capitalism, proletarian, and the labor theory of value, emphasizing the inherent flaws in his communist ideals.", 'The author aims to change the conversation about North Korea to stop it being regarded as a laughing stock and start regarding it as an existential horror, setting a very limited goal to move the needle in North Korea for profound positive consequences.', "The author's upcoming book aims to solve the poor understanding about the horrors of Stalinism in practice, emphasizing the need to change the conversation about North Korea.", 'The author highlights the pointlessness and harmfulness of comparing atrocities like the Holocaust and slavery, advocating for a change in perspective and understanding the propaganda at the time for Hitler and Nazism.', 'Communism is considered a bigger threat than Nazism due to the widespread lack of understanding and perception of it as a beautiful ideal, reflecting the need for increased awareness and education about its destructive nature and consequences.', 'The danger of fascism is highlighted as it is not widely recognized or studied, with the emphasis on the need for greater understanding and education about its nature and the potential emergence of a strongman within its ideology.', "The unifying factor between communism and fascism is discussed, emphasizing the common focus on the public interest and the sacrifice of individual freedom, with the need for awareness of these ideologies' shared elements.", 'The role of a dictator is emphasized in both communism and fascism, with the explanation that these ideologies naturally lead to the emergence of a dictator due to the need to represent the values and public interest, reflecting the inherent danger within these systems.', 'The intellectual and nuanced nature of Mussolini is highlighted, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of fascism and its historical figures, reflecting the importance of studying and recognizing the complexities within totalitarian ideologies.', 'The nature of reality as will, as proposed by Schopenhauer, laid the foundation for the concept of the will to power, which was later adopted by Mussolini and formed the basis of fascism.', "The essence of fascism lies in the pursuit of power and control, prioritizing control over ownership, which is reflected in today's economic context with corporations and regulatory control.", 'The chapter highlights the potential for fascism to manifest in a uniquely American form, emphasizing the inherent authoritarianism and the devaluation of the individual in both communism and fascism.', 'The chapter discusses the historical context of the Great Depression and how leaders like Mussolini attempted to combine aspects of capitalism and government control, laying the groundwork for the rise of fascism.', 'The chapter emphasizes the emergence of authoritarianism in both communism and fascism, attributing it to the devaluation of the individual and the necessity for someone to speak for the collective in these ideologies.']}