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David Goggins Challenge | Andrew Huberman and Lex Fridman
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{'title': 'David Goggins Challenge | Andrew Huberman and Lex Fridman', 'heatmap': [], 'summary': "Discusses david goggins' exceptional mindset in achieving high performance through controlling the limbic system, self-regulation, principled suffering, forming a strong team, neuroplasticity, non-negotiable rules, reflexive actions, overcoming limbic friction, top-down processing, and the impact of perception on endurance and self-reward.", 'chapters': [{'end': 58.258, 'segs': [{'end': 58.258, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3.371, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 16.332, 'text': "So from the highest possible topic of consciousness to the lowest level, topic of David Goggins, let's go.", 'start': 3.371, 'duration': 12.961}, {'end': 19.555, 'text': "I don't know if it's low level, he's high performance.", 'start': 16.352, 'duration': 3.203}, {'end': 28.782, 'text': "High performance, but like, I don't think David has any time for philosophy, let's just put it this way.", 'start': 19.915, 'duration': 8.867}, {'end': 40.731, 'text': 'Well, I mean I think we can tack it to what we were just saying in a meaningful way, which is whatever goes on in that abstraction part of the brain.', 'start': 30.003, 'duration': 10.728}, {'end': 46.894, 'text': "he's figured out how to whatever the limbic friction.", 'start': 40.731, 'duration': 6.163}, {'end': 54.717, 'text': "he's figured out how to grab a hold of that, scruff it and send it in the direction that he's decided it needs to go.", 'start': 46.894, 'duration': 7.823}, {'end': 58.258, 'text': "And what's wild is that he's what we're talking about.", 'start': 55.177, 'duration': 3.081}], 'summary': "Discussion on david goggins' high performance and mental resilience", 'duration': 54.887, 'max_score': 3.371, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA3371.jpg'}], 'start': 3.371, 'title': "David goggins' high performance", 'summary': "Highlights david goggins' exceptional mindset and determination in controlling the limbic system to achieve high performance.", 'chapters': [{'end': 58.258, 'start': 3.371, 'title': "David goggins' high performance", 'summary': "Discusses david goggins' ability to control the limbic system and drive high performance, highlighting his exceptional mindset and determination.", 'duration': 54.887, 'highlights': ["David Goggins' exceptional mindset and determination enable him to control the limbic system and drive high performance.", "Goggins' ability to grab hold of the limbic system and direct it towards his goals showcases his exceptional mental strength and determination."]}], 'duration': 54.887, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA3371.jpg', 'highlights': ["David Goggins' exceptional mindset and determination enable him to control the limbic system and drive high performance.", "Goggins' ability to grab hold of the limbic system and direct it towards his goals showcases his exceptional mental strength and determination."]}, {'end': 722.62, 'segs': [{'end': 109.714, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 58.258, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 60.839, 'text': 'is him doing that to himself right?', 'start': 58.258, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 64.98, 'text': "It's like he's scruffing himself and directing himself in a particular direction.", 'start': 61.059, 'duration': 3.921}, {'end': 69.142, 'text': 'And sending himself down that trajectory.', 'start': 66.081, 'duration': 3.061}, {'end': 75.047, 'text': "And what's beautiful is that he acknowledges that that process is not pretty.", 'start': 69.363, 'duration': 5.684}, {'end': 76.948, 'text': "It doesn't feel good.", 'start': 75.947, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 84.173, 'text': "It's kind of horrible at every level, but he's created this rewarding element to it.", 'start': 78.389, 'duration': 5.784}, {'end': 88.596, 'text': "And I think that's what's so, it's so admirable.", 'start': 84.333, 'duration': 4.263}, {'end': 93.38, 'text': "And it's what so many people crave, which is regulation of the self at that level.", 'start': 88.676, 'duration': 4.704}, {'end': 96.843, 'text': "And he practices, I mean, there's a ritual to it.", 'start': 94.281, 'duration': 2.562}, {'end': 100.867, 'text': "There's every single day, like no exceptions.", 'start': 97.304, 'duration': 3.563}, {'end': 106.291, 'text': "There's a practice aspect to the suffering that he goes through.", 'start': 101.707, 'duration': 4.584}, {'end': 108.073, 'text': "It's principled suffering.", 'start': 106.311, 'duration': 1.762}, {'end': 109.194, 'text': 'Principled suffering.', 'start': 108.253, 'duration': 0.941}, {'end': 109.714, 'text': 'It is.', 'start': 109.334, 'duration': 0.38}], 'summary': 'He practices principled suffering daily for self-regulation, which is admirable and rewarding.', 'duration': 51.456, 'max_score': 58.258, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA58258.jpg'}, {'end': 195.178, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 168.295, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 176.726, 'text': 'I somehow found myself in communication with David about some challenges that I was undergoing.', 'start': 168.295, 'duration': 8.431}, {'end': 190.155, 'text': 'one of which is we were communicating every single day email phone about the particular 30 day challenge that I did that stretched for longer of push ups and pull ups.', 'start': 178.889, 'duration': 11.266}, {'end': 193.477, 'text': 'You made a call out on social media.', 'start': 190.935, 'duration': 2.542}, {'end': 195.178, 'text': 'Actually, I think that was the point.', 'start': 193.517, 'duration': 1.661}], 'summary': 'Communicated daily with david about 30-day challenge of push-ups and pull-ups.', 'duration': 26.883, 'max_score': 168.295, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA168295.jpg'}, {'end': 245.147, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 213.467, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 219.09, 'text': 'Because at the point where, yeah, neuroplasticity really loves a non-negotiable contract.', 'start': 213.467, 'duration': 5.623}, {'end': 223.381, 'text': "because, know, and i've said this before, so forgive me, but you know,", 'start': 219.09, 'duration': 4.291}, {'end': 228.902, 'text': "the brain is doing analysis of duration path and outcome and that's a lot of work for the brain,", 'start': 223.381, 'duration': 5.521}, {'end': 237.705, 'text': 'and the more that it can pass off duration path and outcome to just reflex, the more energy and it can allocate to other things.', 'start': 228.902, 'duration': 8.803}, {'end': 245.147, 'text': "so if you decide there's no negotiation about how many push-ups, how far I'm gonna run, how many days, how many pull-ups, et cetera.", 'start': 237.705, 'duration': 7.442}], 'summary': 'Neuroplasticity benefits from non-negotiable contracts, reducing brain effort and allocating more energy for other tasks.', 'duration': 31.68, 'max_score': 213.467, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA213467.jpg'}, {'end': 501.552, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 473.959, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 480.703, 'text': 'um, because of a kind of funny challenge he gave himself, which was so, he and I swim together, although he swims further upfront than I do.', 'start': 473.959, 'duration': 6.744}, {'end': 481.923, 'text': "Um, and he's very patient.", 'start': 480.983, 'duration': 0.94}, {'end': 483.884, 'text': 'Um, but.', 'start': 482.523, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 492.088, 'text': 'You know, he was on a, uh, he was assigned when he was in the teams to a position that gave him a little more time behind a desk than he wanted.', 'start': 484.945, 'duration': 7.143}, {'end': 495.69, 'text': "And it's not as much time out, out in deployments, although he did deployments.", 'start': 492.128, 'duration': 3.562}, {'end': 501.552, 'text': "So he didn't know what to do at that time, but he thought about it and he asked himself what does he hate the most?", 'start': 496.57, 'duration': 4.982}], 'summary': 'A former military member faced desk time, leading to introspection.', 'duration': 27.593, 'max_score': 473.959, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA473959.jpg'}, {'end': 554.192, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 527.601, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 533.327, 'text': 'And I think the notion of carry over has been talked about psychologically and kind of in the self-help space, like, oh, if you run a marathon,', 'start': 527.601, 'duration': 5.726}, {'end': 534.748, 'text': "it's going to help you in other areas of life.", 'start': 533.327, 'duration': 1.421}, {'end': 536.57, 'text': 'But will it really? Will it??', 'start': 535.109, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 539.993, 'text': "Well, I think it depends on whether or not there's a lot of limbic friction, because if there is,", 'start': 536.61, 'duration': 3.383}, {'end': 545.781, 'text': "What you're exercising is not a circuit for bear crawls or a circuit for pull-ups.", 'start': 540.834, 'duration': 4.947}, {'end': 548.985, 'text': "What you're doing is you're exercising a circuit for top-down control.", 'start': 545.901, 'duration': 3.084}, {'end': 554.192, 'text': 'And that circuit was not designed to be for bear crawls or pull-ups or coding.', 'start': 549.666, 'duration': 4.526}], 'summary': 'Exercising for top-down control may not translate to other areas of life.', 'duration': 26.591, 'max_score': 527.601, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA527601.jpg'}, {'end': 703.485, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 673.383, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 678.549, 'text': 'And I started going to that Russian banya way back before COVID.', 'start': 673.383, 'duration': 5.166}, {'end': 685.653, 'text': "And they could tolerate a lot of heat, you know? And they would sit very stoic, you know? No one was going, oh, it's hot in here.", 'start': 679.049, 'duration': 6.604}, {'end': 687.154, 'text': 'They were just kind of like ease into it.', 'start': 685.693, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 692.017, 'text': "So maybe there's something there, who knows? There might be something there, but it could be also just personal.", 'start': 687.174, 'duration': 4.843}, {'end': 694.119, 'text': 'I just have some.', 'start': 692.057, 'duration': 2.062}, {'end': 703.485, 'text': "I found myself everyone's different, but I've found myself to be able to do something unpleasant for very long periods of time,", 'start': 694.119, 'duration': 9.366}], 'summary': 'Regular visits to russian banya before covid may have increased tolerance to heat and discomfort.', 'duration': 30.102, 'max_score': 673.383, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA673383.jpg'}], 'start': 58.258, 'title': "David goggins' self-regulation", 'summary': "Examines david goggins' practice of principled suffering, forming a strong team, and achieving self-regulation, emphasizing neuroplasticity and non-negotiable rules. it also explores reflexive actions and overcoming limbic friction, emphasizing the role of top-down processing and engaging neural circuits for self-control.", 'chapters': [{'end': 258.373, 'start': 58.258, 'title': "David goggins' principled suffering", 'summary': 'Discusses the admirable practice of principled suffering and the power of forming a strong team, exemplified by david goggins and his partner, in achieving self-regulation and finding love, while emphasizing the concept of neuroplasticity and non-negotiable rules.', 'duration': 200.115, 'highlights': ["David Goggins' dedication to principled suffering and discipline in his daily rituals, exemplifying regulation of the self. Dedication to daily rituals, regulation of the self", 'The strength of the partnership between David Goggins and his girlfriend/wife, demonstrating a powerful synergy in their teamwork. Strength of partnership, powerful teamwork', 'The concept of neuroplasticity and the benefits of non-negotiable rules in preserving brain energy for physical challenges. Neuroplasticity, non-negotiable rules, preservation of brain energy']}, {'end': 722.62, 'start': 258.433, 'title': 'Reflexive actions and overcoming limbic friction', 'summary': 'Explores the reflexive nature of actions and the challenge of overcoming limbic friction, examining the role of top-down processing and the importance of engaging neural circuits to achieve self-control, illustrated through examples and insights from david goggins and pat dossett.', 'duration': 464.187, 'highlights': ['Engaging neural circuits to achieve self-control under high limbic friction is crucial for performing well at any level, as demonstrated through examples and insights from David Goggins and Pat Dossett. Examples and insights from David Goggins and Pat Dossett.', 'The reflexive nature of actions involves top-down processing with the prefrontal cortex, and the challenge lies in overcoming limbic friction to carry out tasks effectively. Involvement of the prefrontal cortex and the challenge of overcoming limbic friction.', 'The importance of engaging neural circuits to achieve self-control is emphasized, with the understanding that these circuits are crucial for generalizing responses to various stressful situations. Importance of engaging neural circuits for generalizing responses to stressful situations.', 'The example of Pat Dossett bear crawling for a mile daily highlights the concept of overcoming the most disliked task to achieve carry over and build top-down control circuits. Example of Pat Dossett bear crawling for a mile daily.']}], 'duration': 664.362, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA58258.jpg', 'highlights': ['Dedication to daily rituals, regulation of the self', 'Strength of partnership, powerful teamwork', 'Neuroplasticity, non-negotiable rules, preservation of brain energy', 'Importance of engaging neural circuits for generalizing responses to stressful situations', 'Involvement of the prefrontal cortex and the challenge of overcoming limbic friction', 'Examples and insights from David Goggins and Pat Dossett', 'Example of Pat Dossett bear crawling for a mile daily']}, {'end': 1025.55, 'segs': [{'end': 783.836, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 722.62, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 726.581, 'text': 'well, limbic friction is the source of that, but who are you talking with exactly?', 'start': 722.62, 'duration': 3.961}, {'end': 730.322, 'text': "so there's a um, we can, uh, put something very concrete to that.", 'start': 726.581, 'duration': 3.741}, {'end': 735.144, 'text': "so there's a paper published in cell, you know, super top tier journal.", 'start': 730.322, 'duration': 4.822}, {'end': 744.629, 'text': 'uh, two years ago, um looking at effort, and this was in a visual environment of trying to swim forward toward a target and a reward,', 'start': 735.144, 'duration': 9.485}, {'end': 749.052, 'text': 'and it was a really cool experiment because they manipulated virtually the visual environment.', 'start': 744.629, 'duration': 4.423}, {'end': 752.875, 'text': 'so, um, the same amount of effort was being expended every time.', 'start': 749.052, 'duration': 3.823}, {'end': 755.557, 'text': "but sometimes the perception was you're making forward progress.", 'start': 752.875, 'duration': 2.682}, {'end': 761.101, 'text': "and sometimes the perception was you're making no progress because stuff wasn't drifting by meant no progress.", 'start': 755.557, 'duration': 5.544}, {'end': 763.644, 'text': 'So you can be swimming and swimming and not making progress.', 'start': 761.381, 'duration': 2.263}, {'end': 773.051, 'text': "And it turns out that with each bout of effort, there's a epinephrine and norepinephrine is being released in the brainstem.", 'start': 764.084, 'duration': 8.967}, {'end': 778.814, 'text': 'And glia, what traditionally were thought of as support cells for the neurons, but they do a lot of things.', 'start': 773.991, 'duration': 4.823}, {'end': 783.836, 'text': 'actively too, are measuring the amount of epinephrine and norepinephrine in that circuit.', 'start': 778.814, 'duration': 5.022}], 'summary': 'Limbic friction affects effort perception, as shown in a study in cell journal, manipulating visual environment to show release of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the brainstem.', 'duration': 61.216, 'max_score': 722.62, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA722620.jpg'}, {'end': 835.324, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 812.15, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 819.075, 'text': "or you've learned how to some people will reward the pain process so much that friction becomes the reward.", 'start': 812.15, 'duration': 6.925}, {'end': 823.978, 'text': 'And when you talk about people like Goggins and other people I know from special operations,', 'start': 819.475, 'duration': 4.503}, {'end': 828.02, 'text': 'and people have gone through cancer treatments three times.', 'start': 823.978, 'duration': 4.042}, {'end': 828.741, 'text': 'You hear about.', 'start': 828.24, 'duration': 0.501}, {'end': 833.864, 'text': 'you know, just when you hear about people the Viktor Frankl stories, I mean you hear about Nelson Mandela.', 'start': 828.741, 'duration': 5.123}, {'end': 835.324, 'text': 'you hear about these stories.', 'start': 833.864, 'duration': 1.46}], 'summary': 'Some individuals find reward in facing and overcoming extreme challenges, as seen in examples like goggins and cancer survivors.', 'duration': 23.174, 'max_score': 812.15, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA812150.jpg'}, {'end': 956.746, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 910.302, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 912.503, 'text': "So let's go there.", 'start': 910.302, 'duration': 2.201}, {'end': 917.424, 'text': "Well, let's hope you both survive this one.", 'start': 913.223, 'duration': 4.201}, {'end': 919.564, 'text': 'See, my problem is the physical.', 'start': 917.444, 'duration': 2.12}, {'end': 922.265, 'text': "So everything we've been talking about has been the mind.", 'start': 920.384, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 931.711, 'text': "there's a physical aspect that's just practically difficult, which is like I can't like you know when you injure yourself at a certain point.", 'start': 923.145, 'duration': 8.566}, {'end': 933.192, 'text': "like you just can't function.", 'start': 931.711, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 934.733, 'text': "Or you're doing more damage.", 'start': 933.212, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 943.119, 'text': "You're talking about it, taking yourself out of running for the rest of your life potentially, or like, you know, or for years.", 'start': 935.154, 'duration': 7.965}, {'end': 947.702, 'text': "So you know, I'd love to avoid that, right?", 'start': 943.139, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 951.085, 'text': "There's just like stupid physical stuff that you just want to avoid, you know?", 'start': 947.843, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 953.345, 'text': 'You want to keep it purely in the mental.', 'start': 951.385, 'duration': 1.96}, {'end': 956.746, 'text': "And if it's purely in the mental, that's when the race is interesting.", 'start': 953.806, 'duration': 2.94}], 'summary': 'Balancing physical and mental aspects for race success and injury prevention.', 'duration': 46.444, 'max_score': 910.302, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA910302.jpg'}], 'start': 722.62, 'title': 'Impact of perception on endurance and self-reward', 'summary': 'Explores the influence of perception on endurance, as revealed in a study published in cell journal, leading to the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine affecting top-down control, and the significance of subjective self-reward in replenishing neural energy amidst physical challenges.', 'chapters': [{'end': 833.864, 'start': 722.62, 'title': 'Limbic friction and endurance', 'summary': 'Discusses a study published in cell journal that reveals how the perception of progress affects endurance, with the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine leading to shut down of top-down control, and the potential rescue of endurance with dopamine.', 'duration': 111.244, 'highlights': ['The perception of progress affects endurance, as demonstrated in a study published in Cell journal, where the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine leads to shut down of top-down control.', 'Glia measure the amount of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the brainstem circuit, sending inhibitory signals to shut down top-down control when it exceeds a certain threshold.', 'Endurance can be rescued with dopamine, highlighting the subjective nature of endurance and the potential to override the shut down of top-down control.', 'Some individuals may reward the pain process so much that friction becomes the reward, showcasing the subjective aspect of endurance and the impact of psychological factors on perseverance.']}, {'end': 1025.55, 'start': 833.864, 'title': 'Subjective self-reward and physical challenges', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of subjective self-reward for replenishing neural energy, the impact of physical challenges on the mind and body, and the importance of dynamically controlling output through subjective reward processes.', 'duration': 191.686, 'highlights': ['The concept of subjective self-reward is discussed as a way to replenish neural energy, particularly through dopamine release, to suppress noradrenaline and adrenaline circuits in the brainstem. Subjective self-reward replenishes neural energy, particularly through dopamine release, to suppress noradrenaline and adrenaline circuits.', 'The impact of physical challenges on the mind and body is explored, highlighting the limitations and toll on the body, and the importance of dynamically controlling output to avoid potential injuries. The discussion emphasizes the limitations and toll of physical challenges on the body, as well as the need to dynamically control output to prevent potential injuries.', 'The ancient pathways designed for subjective reward processes, linked to foraging, hunting, and mate-seeking, are mentioned as effective mechanisms due to their influence on neural circuits and potential for subjective milestones and targets. Ancient pathways for subjective reward processes are effective due to their influence on neural circuits and the potential for subjective milestones and targets.']}], 'duration': 302.93, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/ujz29rQvDvA/pics/ujz29rQvDvA722620.jpg', 'highlights': ['The perception of progress affects endurance, as demonstrated in a study published in Cell journal, where the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine leads to shut down of top-down control.', 'Glia measure the amount of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the brainstem circuit, sending inhibitory signals to shut down top-down control when it exceeds a certain threshold.', 'Endurance can be rescued with dopamine, highlighting the subjective nature of endurance and the potential to override the shut down of top-down control.', 'Some individuals may reward the pain process so much that friction becomes the reward, showcasing the subjective aspect of endurance and the impact of psychological factors on perseverance.', 'The concept of subjective self-reward is discussed as a way to replenish neural energy, particularly through dopamine release, to suppress noradrenaline and adrenaline circuits in the brainstem.', 'The impact of physical challenges on the mind and body is explored, highlighting the limitations and toll on the body, and the importance of dynamically controlling output to avoid potential injuries.', 'The ancient pathways designed for subjective reward processes, linked to foraging, hunting, and mate-seeking, are mentioned as effective mechanisms due to their influence on neural circuits and potential for subjective milestones and targets.']}], 'highlights': ["David Goggins' exceptional mindset and determination enable him to control the limbic system and drive high performance.", "Goggins' ability to grab hold of the limbic system and direct it towards his goals showcases his exceptional mental strength and determination.", 'Dedication to daily rituals, regulation of the self', 'Strength of partnership, powerful teamwork', 'Neuroplasticity, non-negotiable rules, preservation of brain energy', 'Importance of engaging neural circuits for generalizing responses to stressful situations', 'Involvement of the prefrontal cortex and the challenge of overcoming limbic friction', 'Examples and insights from David Goggins and Pat Dossett', 'Example of Pat Dossett bear crawling for a mile daily', 'The perception of progress affects endurance, as demonstrated in a study published in Cell journal, where the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine leads to shut down of top-down control.', 'Glia measure the amount of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the brainstem circuit, sending inhibitory signals to shut down top-down control when it exceeds a certain threshold.', 'Endurance can be rescued with dopamine, highlighting the subjective nature of endurance and the potential to override the shut down of top-down control.', 'Some individuals may reward the pain process so much that friction becomes the reward, showcasing the subjective aspect of endurance and the impact of psychological factors on perseverance.', 'The concept of subjective self-reward is discussed as a way to replenish neural energy, particularly through dopamine release, to suppress noradrenaline and adrenaline circuits in the brainstem.', 'The impact of physical challenges on the mind and body is explored, highlighting the limitations and toll on the body, and the importance of dynamically controlling output to avoid potential injuries.', 'The ancient pathways designed for subjective reward processes, linked to foraging, hunting, and mate-seeking, are mentioned as effective mechanisms due to their influence on neural circuits and potential for subjective milestones and targets.']}