title
Kubernetes Crash Course for Absolute Beginners [NEW]

description
Hands-On Kubernetes Tutorial | Learn Kubernetes in 1 Hour - Kubernetes Course for Beginners 💙 Become a Kubernetes Administrator - CKA: https://bit.ly/3Iwn71q 💚 Become a DevOps Engineer - Complete DevOps Bootcamp: https://bit.ly/3MQgadT 💜 Become a DevSecOps expert and 10x your value: https://bit.ly/3Og4dO4 #kubernetes #k8s #techworldwithnana Kubernetes, also known as K8s, is the most popular platform for container orchestration for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. In this complete Kubernetes Tutorial you will learn everything you need to know to get started with Kubernetes in 1 hour. You will learn all the core concepts, including the main Kubernetes components that you need to learn to work efficiently with Kubernetes. You will learn the syntax and contents of K8s configuration file , which is used to create and configure components in a Kubernetes cluster as well as how to setup a K8s cluster locally. Finally, I will show a hands-on demo project, where you will learn how to deploy a web application with its database into a local Kubernetes cluster. It's a simple but realistic application setup, which can also serve as a blueprint configuration for most common application setups. ▬▬▬▬▬▬ L I N K S 🔗▬▬▬▬▬▬ Git Repo to follow along the demos: ► https://gitlab.com/nanuchi/k8s-in-1-hour Minikube Installation Guides: ► https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/ ► This course is sponsored by Kasten 🙌🏼 ► Free Kubernetes Backup and Migration - Download Kasten's K10 and Get 10 nodes free forever: https://www.kasten.io/nana ▬▬▬▬▬▬ T I M E S T A M P S ⏰ ▬▬▬▬▬▬ 0:00 - Intro and Course Overview 1:44 - What is Kubernetes 4:33 - Kubernetes Architecture 9:29 - Node and Pod 8:58 - Main K8s Components 09:29 - Node & Pod 12:19 - Service & Ingress 14:31 - ConfigMap & Secret 17:52 - Volume 19:46 - Deployment & StatefulSet 26:28 - Kubernetes Configuration 32:39 - Minikube and Kubectl - Setup K8s cluster locally 41:17 - Complete Demo Project: Deploy WebApp with MongoDB 1:05:40 - Interacting with Kubernetes Cluster 1:11:03 - Congrats! You made it to the end 🎉 ▬▬▬▬▬▬ Course Pre-Requisites ▬▬▬▬▬▬ Docker - learn here: ► https://youtu.be/3c-iBn73dDE YAML - learn here: ► https://youtu.be/1uFVr15xDGg ▬▬▬▬▬▬ 💎 COURSE CONTENTS 💎 ▬▬▬▬▬▬ 💎 Part 01: Introduction to Kubernetes ⌨️ What is Kubernetes ⌨️ Benefits of Kubernetes ⌨️ Kubernetes Architecture 💎 Part 02: Main Kubernetes Components ⌨️ Node & Pod ⌨️ Configuring Access with Service & Ingress ⌨️ External Configuration with ConfigMap & Secret ⌨️ Persisting Data with Volume ⌨️ Replication with Deployment & StatefulSet 💎 Part 03: Kubernetes Configuration 💎 Part 04: Setup Kubernetes cluster locally (Minikube and kubectl) ⌨️ What is Minikube ⌨️ What is Kubectl ⌨️ Install Minikube and Kubectl 💎 Part 05: Complete Demo Project: Deploy WebApp with MongoDB ⌨️ Demo Project Overview ⌨️ Create MongoDB ConfigMap ⌨️ Create MongoDB Secret ⌨️ Create MongoDB Deployment and Service ⌨️ Create WebApp Deployment and Service ⌨️ Pass Secret Data to MongoDB Deployment ⌨️ Pass Config Data to WebApp Deployment ⌨️ Configure External Access ⌨️ Deploy all K8s resources into Minikube cluster ⌨️ Interacting with Kubernetes Cluster ⌨️ Access Web Application in Browser Difference to the previous 4-Hour K8s Course (https://youtu.be/X48VuDVv0do): We made some updates for things that have changed in K8s, e.g. Minikube installation as well as a new demo project. Plus it's a more compressed and shorter version with new animations. 😊 ▬▬▬▬▬▬ Courses and Tutorials on Youtube 🎬 ▬▬▬▬▬▬ Full Python course ► https://youtu.be/t8pPdKYpowI Full K8s course ► https://youtu.be/X48VuDVv0do DevOps Tools, like Terraform, Prometheus ► https://bit.ly/2W9UEq6 ▬▬▬▬▬▬ Connect with me 👋 ▬▬▬▬▬▬ INSTAGRAM ► https://bit.ly/2F3LXYJ TWITTER ► https://bit.ly/3i54PUB LINKEDIN ► https://bit.ly/3hWOLVT Facebook group ► https://bit.ly/32UVSZP ▬▬▬▬▬▬ Courses & Bootcamp & Ebooks 🚀 ▬▬▬▬▬▬ ► Become a DevOps Engineer - full educational program 👉🏼 https://bit.ly/45mXaer ► High-Quality and Hands-On Courses 👉🏼 https://bit.ly/3BNS8Kv ► Kubernetes 101 - compact and easy-to-read ebook bundle 👉🏼 https://bit.ly/3Ozl28x

detail
{'title': 'Kubernetes Crash Course for Absolute Beginners [NEW]', 'heatmap': [{'end': 911.446, 'start': 860.587, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'This crash course on kubernetes for beginners provides an overview of its architecture, components, deployment, and best practices, including setting up a local kubernetes cluster with minikube and creating config files, as well as covering deployments, services, and best practices for database and application deployment in a kubernetes cluster.', 'chapters': [{'end': 261.586, 'segs': [{'end': 88.76, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 43.935, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 50.381, 'text': 'After that, we will cover main Kubernetes components that you need to learn to work efficiently with Kubernetes.', 'start': 43.935, 'duration': 6.446}, {'end': 57.547, 'text': 'And finally, we will do a hands-on demo project to get your first practical experience with Kubernetes.', 'start': 50.961, 'duration': 6.586}, {'end': 63.012, 'text': 'Now, Kubernetes is a very popular but also a very complex technology.', 'start': 58.368, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 68.915, 'text': 'So this crash course will help you get your first experience to get started with Kubernetes.', 'start': 63.552, 'duration': 5.363}, {'end': 78.317, 'text': 'But if, by the end of the video, you decide to deepen your knowledge in Kubernetes and are thinking about a career as a Kubernetes administrator,', 'start': 69.415, 'duration': 8.902}, {'end': 85.479, 'text': 'my new complete Kubernetes administrator course will be a great resource for you, where you will learn how to build,', 'start': 78.317, 'duration': 7.162}, {'end': 88.76, 'text': 'configure and manage Kubernetes clusters from scratch.', 'start': 85.479, 'duration': 3.281}], 'summary': 'Learn main kubernetes components; hands-on demo for practical experience. consider complete kubernetes administrator course for in-depth knowledge.', 'duration': 44.825, 'max_score': 43.935, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu443935.jpg'}, {'end': 140.658, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 114.565, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 120.628, 'text': 'So on the foundation, it manages containers, be Docker containers or from some other technology,', 'start': 114.565, 'duration': 6.063}, {'end': 130.673, 'text': 'which basically means that Kubernetes helps you manage applications that are made up of hundreds or maybe thousands of containers,', 'start': 120.628, 'duration': 10.045}, {'end': 138.117, 'text': 'and it helps you manage them in different environments, like physical machines, virtual machines or cloud environments,', 'start': 130.673, 'duration': 7.444}, {'end': 140.658, 'text': 'or even hybrid deployment environments.', 'start': 138.117, 'duration': 2.541}], 'summary': 'Kubernetes manages hundreds or thousands of containers in various environments.', 'duration': 26.093, 'max_score': 114.565, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4114565.jpg'}, {'end': 219.173, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 168.369, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 174.439, 'text': 'And the rise of containers and the microservice technology actually resulted in applications.', 'start': 168.369, 'duration': 6.07}, {'end': 179.083, 'text': "they're now comprised of hundreds or sometimes maybe even thousands of containers.", 'start': 174.439, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 190.695, 'text': 'Managing those loads of containers across multiple environments using scripts and self-made tools can be really complex and sometimes even impossible.', 'start': 179.504, 'duration': 11.191}, {'end': 198.142, 'text': 'So that specific scenario actually caused the need for having container orchestration technologies.', 'start': 190.915, 'duration': 7.227}, {'end': 208.004, 'text': 'So what those orchestration tools like Kubernetes do is actually guarantee following features.', 'start': 201.519, 'duration': 6.485}, {'end': 210.366, 'text': 'One is high availability.', 'start': 208.625, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 219.173, 'text': "In simple words, high availability means that the application has no downtime, so it's always accessible by the users.", 'start': 210.947, 'duration': 8.226}], 'summary': 'Containers and microservices lead to hundreds or thousands of containers per application, necessitating container orchestration for high availability.', 'duration': 50.804, 'max_score': 168.369, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4168369.jpg'}], 'start': 0.669, 'title': 'Kubernetes and its orchestration', 'summary': 'Provides an overview of kubernetes, covering its importance, popularity, architecture, main components, and offers a hands-on demo project. additionally, it explores how kubernetes helps manage applications made up of hundreds or thousands of containers, addressing the problems of managing loads of containers across multiple environments and the need for container orchestration technologies, highlighting features such as high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery.', 'chapters': [{'end': 114.345, 'start': 0.669, 'title': 'Kubernetes crash course', 'summary': 'Provides an overview of kubernetes, covering its importance and popularity, architecture, main components, and offers a hands-on demo project, with the aim of helping viewers get started with kubernetes.', 'duration': 113.676, 'highlights': ["The course is dedicated to help you pass the CKA exam, from Linux Foundation to become a certified Kubernetes administrator. Nana's complete Kubernetes administrator course is designed to assist in passing the CKA exam, enabling viewers to become certified Kubernetes administrators.", "Nana has taught hundreds of thousands of people how to advance their DevOps skills through his YouTube channel, online courses, and the DevOps educational program. Nana's teaching experience includes helping hundreds of thousands of people improve their DevOps skills through various platforms.", 'Kubernetes is a very popular but also a very complex technology, and this crash course will help you get your first experience to get started with Kubernetes. The crash course aims to provide a first experience and understanding of Kubernetes, acknowledging its popularity and complexity.']}, {'end': 261.586, 'start': 114.565, 'title': 'Kubernetes: container orchestration', 'summary': 'Explores how kubernetes helps manage applications made up of hundreds or thousands of containers, addressing the problems of managing loads of containers across multiple environments and the need for container orchestration technologies, highlighting features such as high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery.', 'duration': 147.021, 'highlights': ['Kubernetes helps manage applications made up of hundreds or thousands of containers in different environments, ensuring high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery.', 'The rise of microservices led to increased usage of container technologies for small, independent applications, resulting in applications comprised of hundreds or thousands of containers.', 'Managing loads of containers across multiple environments using scripts and self-made tools can be complex and sometimes impossible.', 'Container orchestration tools like Kubernetes guarantee high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery, ensuring applications are always accessible, easily scalable, and have mechanisms for data recovery.', 'Features provided by container orchestration tools include high availability, scalability for adjusting to load fluctuations, and disaster recovery mechanisms for data restoration.']}], 'duration': 260.917, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4669.jpg', 'highlights': ['The crash course aims to provide a first experience and understanding of Kubernetes, acknowledging its popularity and complexity.', 'Kubernetes helps manage applications made up of hundreds or thousands of containers in different environments, ensuring high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery.', 'Container orchestration tools like Kubernetes guarantee high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery, ensuring applications are always accessible, easily scalable, and have mechanisms for data recovery.', 'The rise of microservices led to increased usage of container technologies for small, independent applications, resulting in applications comprised of hundreds or thousands of containers.', "Nana's complete Kubernetes administrator course is designed to assist in passing the CKA exam, enabling viewers to become certified Kubernetes administrators."]}, {'end': 827.443, 'segs': [{'end': 330.972, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 278.191, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 292.015, 'text': 'The Kubernetes cluster is made up with at least one master node and then connected to it you have a couple of worker nodes where each node has a Kubelet process running on it.', 'start': 278.191, 'duration': 13.824}, {'end': 300.041, 'text': 'And Kubelet is actually a Kubernetes process that makes it possible for the cluster to talk to each other,', 'start': 292.375, 'duration': 7.666}, {'end': 306.547, 'text': 'to communicate to each other and actually execute some tasks on those nodes, like running application processes.', 'start': 300.041, 'duration': 6.506}, {'end': 311.998, 'text': 'Each worker node has containers of different applications deployed on it.', 'start': 307.634, 'duration': 4.364}, {'end': 321.525, 'text': 'So, depending on how the workload is distributed, you would have different number of Docker containers running on worker nodes,', 'start': 312.458, 'duration': 9.067}, {'end': 324.668, 'text': 'and worker nodes are where the actual work is happening.', 'start': 321.525, 'duration': 3.143}, {'end': 328.13, 'text': 'So here is where your applications are running.', 'start': 324.888, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 330.972, 'text': 'So the question is what is running on master node?', 'start': 328.491, 'duration': 2.481}], 'summary': 'Kubernetes cluster has at least one master node and multiple worker nodes, with kubelet process facilitating inter-cluster communication and task execution. worker nodes run applications in containers.', 'duration': 52.781, 'max_score': 278.191, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4278191.jpg'}, {'end': 472.906, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 423.719, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 426.16, 'text': 'So it has all the configuration data inside.', 'start': 423.719, 'duration': 2.441}, {'end': 432.344, 'text': 'and all the status data of each node and each container inside of that node.', 'start': 426.86, 'duration': 5.484}, {'end': 439.049, 'text': 'And the backup and restore that we mentioned previously is actually made from this ETCD snapshots,', 'start': 432.525, 'duration': 6.524}, {'end': 444.894, 'text': 'because you can recover the whole cluster state using that ETCD snapshot.', 'start': 439.049, 'duration': 5.845}, {'end': 454.239, 'text': 'And last but not least, also a very important component of Kubernetes, which enables those nodes worker nodes, master nodes talk to each other,', 'start': 445.094, 'duration': 9.145}, {'end': 459.441, 'text': 'is the virtual network that spends all the nodes that are part of the cluster.', 'start': 454.239, 'duration': 5.202}, {'end': 461.102, 'text': 'And, in simple words,', 'start': 459.701, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 472.906, 'text': 'virtual network actually turns all the nodes inside of the cluster into one powerful machine that has the sum of all the resources of individual nodes.', 'start': 461.102, 'duration': 11.804}], 'summary': 'Etcd snapshots enable whole cluster state recovery; virtual network unifies cluster resources.', 'duration': 49.187, 'max_score': 423.719, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4423719.jpg'}, {'end': 547.853, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 518.482, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 525.204, 'text': 'So in production environments, usually you would have at least two masters inside of your Kubernetes cluster.', 'start': 518.482, 'duration': 6.722}, {'end': 532.786, 'text': "But in more cases, of course, you're going to have multiple masters, where, if one master node is down,", 'start': 525.685, 'duration': 7.101}, {'end': 537.687, 'text': 'the cluster continues to function smoothly because you have other masters available.', 'start': 532.786, 'duration': 4.901}, {'end': 547.853, 'text': "In this video, we're going to learn about the main Kubernetes components that we, as Kubernetes administrators or users,", 'start': 539.571, 'duration': 8.282}], 'summary': 'In production, at least two kubernetes masters are recommended for redundancy and smooth cluster functioning.', 'duration': 29.371, 'max_score': 518.482, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4518482.jpg'}, {'end': 622.151, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 588.369, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 592.171, 'text': 'So what pod is, is basically an abstraction over a container.', 'start': 588.369, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 598.574, 'text': "So, if you're familiar with Docker containers or container images, so basically what pod does?", 'start': 592.711, 'duration': 5.863}, {'end': 604.177, 'text': 'is it creates this running environment or a layer on top of the container?', 'start': 598.574, 'duration': 5.603}, {'end': 614.526, 'text': 'And the reason is because Kubernetes wants to abstract away the container runtime or container technologies so that you can replace them if you want to.', 'start': 604.577, 'duration': 9.949}, {'end': 622.151, 'text': "And also because you don't have to directly work with Docker or whatever container technology you use in a Kubernetes.", 'start': 615.006, 'duration': 7.145}], 'summary': 'Pods in kubernetes abstract away container runtime, allowing flexibility and avoiding direct work with docker.', 'duration': 33.782, 'max_score': 588.369, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4588369.jpg'}, {'end': 683.217, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 657.182, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 662.365, 'text': 'We just have one server and two containers running on it with an abstraction layer on top of it.', 'start': 657.182, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 666.087, 'text': "So now let's see how they communicate with each other in Kubernetes world.", 'start': 662.705, 'duration': 3.382}, {'end': 675.073, 'text': 'So Kubernetes offers out of the box a virtual network, which means that each pod gets its own IP address, not the container.', 'start': 666.548, 'duration': 8.525}, {'end': 683.217, 'text': 'The pod gets the IP address and each pod can communicate with each other using that IP address, which is an internal IP address.', 'start': 675.133, 'duration': 8.084}], 'summary': 'One server hosts two containers with kubernetes providing virtual network, assigning each pod its own ip address for internal communication.', 'duration': 26.035, 'max_score': 657.182, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4657182.jpg'}, {'end': 750.182, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 724.844, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 729.889, 'text': 'which obviously is inconvenient if you are communicating with the database using the IP address,', 'start': 724.844, 'duration': 5.045}, {'end': 733.353, 'text': 'because now you have to adjust it every time pod restarts.', 'start': 729.889, 'duration': 3.464}, {'end': 738.679, 'text': 'And because of that, another component of Kubernetes called service is used.', 'start': 733.613, 'duration': 5.066}, {'end': 750.182, 'text': 'So service is basically a static IP address or permanent IP address that can be attached, so to say, to each pod.', 'start': 741.84, 'duration': 8.342}], 'summary': 'Kubernetes uses service to assign static ip addresses to pods, avoiding frequent adjustments.', 'duration': 25.338, 'max_score': 724.844, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4724844.jpg'}], 'start': 261.987, 'title': 'Kubernetes architecture and components', 'summary': 'Discusses the basic architecture of a kubernetes cluster, including master and worker nodes, key processes, and etcd storage, and introduces components such as virtual network, pods, and services, emphasizing their roles in application deployment and management.', 'chapters': [{'end': 444.894, 'start': 261.987, 'title': 'Kubernetes basic architecture', 'summary': "Explains the basic architecture of a kubernetes cluster, including the role of master and worker nodes, the functionalities of key processes on the master node, and the importance of etcd key value storage in maintaining the cluster's state and enabling recovery from snapshots.", 'duration': 182.907, 'highlights': ['The Kubernetes cluster consists of at least one master node and multiple worker nodes, with the master node running essential processes such as API server, controller manager, scheduler, and etcd key value storage. The master node plays a crucial role in managing the Kubernetes cluster, with processes like API server serving as the entry point for communication, controller manager overseeing cluster activities, scheduler intelligently distributing workload, and etcd storing the current state of the cluster.', "Etcd key value storage holds the current state of the Kubernetes cluster, including configuration and status data of each node and container, enabling recovery of the whole cluster state using ETCD snapshots. Etcd key value storage is a critical component, maintaining the current state of the cluster and supporting backup and recovery processes through ETCD snapshots, ensuring the cluster's resilience and data integrity.", 'Worker nodes host containers of different applications, with the number of Docker containers varying based on workload distribution, and these nodes are where the actual work and applications run. Worker nodes serve as the execution environment for applications, with varying numbers of Docker containers based on workload, making them the primary location for running applications and performing tasks within the cluster.']}, {'end': 827.443, 'start': 445.094, 'title': 'Kubernetes components overview', 'summary': 'Introduces the key components of kubernetes, including virtual network, worker and master nodes, pods, services, and their roles in deploying and managing applications. it emphasizes the importance of virtual network, the distinction between worker and master nodes, the role of pods in creating an abstraction layer over containers, the use of services to provide static ip addresses, and the creation of external and internal services for communication.', 'duration': 382.349, 'highlights': ['Kubernetes offers a virtual network that turns all nodes in the cluster into one powerful machine, aggregating the resources of individual nodes. Virtual network in Kubernetes aggregates resources of individual nodes, creating a powerful machine for efficient communication and resource utilization.', "Worker nodes have more resources and are responsible for running applications, while master nodes handle a handful of master processes and are crucial for cluster access. It's essential to have a backup of master nodes as they are more critical. Worker nodes have more resources and handle the majority of application workload, while master nodes are crucial for cluster access and require backup to ensure continuous functionality.", 'In production environments, it is recommended to have at least two masters, and often multiple masters, to ensure continuous cluster functionality in case of a master node failure. Having at least two masters, and often multiple masters, in production environments ensures continuous cluster functionality in case of a master node failure.', 'Pods in Kubernetes create an abstraction layer over containers, usually meant to run one application container but can run multiple containers when necessary. They help abstract the container runtime and technology. Pods create an abstraction layer over containers and abstract the container runtime and technology, usually running one application container but supporting multiple containers when needed.', 'Kubernetes provides a virtual network where each pod gets its own internal IP address, allowing communication between pods. However, pods are ephemeral, resulting in IP address changes when they restart. Kubernetes provides a virtual network where each pod has its own internal IP address for communication, but the ephemeral nature of pods leads to IP address changes upon restart.', 'Kubernetes utilizes services to provide static IP addresses that remain unaffected by pod lifecycle changes, ensuring consistent communication. External and internal services are used to manage external and internal communication. Kubernetes uses services to provide static IP addresses for consistent communication, with external and internal services managing external and internal communication.']}], 'duration': 565.456, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4261987.jpg', 'highlights': ['The Kubernetes cluster consists of at least one master node and multiple worker nodes, with the master node running essential processes such as API server, controller manager, scheduler, and etcd key value storage.', 'Etcd key value storage holds the current state of the Kubernetes cluster, including configuration and status data of each node and container, enabling recovery of the whole cluster state using ETCD snapshots.', 'Worker nodes host containers of different applications, with the number of Docker containers varying based on workload distribution, and these nodes are where the actual work and applications run.', 'Kubernetes offers a virtual network that turns all nodes in the cluster into one powerful machine, aggregating the resources of individual nodes.', 'In production environments, it is recommended to have at least two masters, and often multiple masters, to ensure continuous cluster functionality in case of a master node failure.', 'Pods in Kubernetes create an abstraction layer over containers, usually meant to run one application container but can run multiple containers when necessary.', 'Kubernetes provides a virtual network where each pod gets its own internal IP address, allowing communication between pods.', 'Kubernetes utilizes services to provide static IP addresses that remain unaffected by pod lifecycle changes, ensuring consistent communication.']}, {'end': 1175.215, 'segs': [{'end': 911.446, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 827.503, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 832.605, 'text': 'So usually you would want your URL to look like this if you want to talk to your application.', 'start': 827.503, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 836.213, 'text': 'with a secure protocol and a domain name.', 'start': 833.191, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 841.478, 'text': 'And for that, there is another component of Kubernetes called ingress.', 'start': 836.474, 'duration': 5.004}, {'end': 847.482, 'text': 'So instead of service, the request goes first to ingress and it does the forwarding then to the service.', 'start': 841.918, 'duration': 5.564}, {'end': 851.584, 'text': 'So now we saw some of the very basic components of Kubernetes.', 'start': 848.323, 'duration': 3.261}, {'end': 854.425, 'text': 'And as you see, this is a very simple setup.', 'start': 852.064, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 860.587, 'text': 'We just have one server and a couple of containers running and some services.', 'start': 854.465, 'duration': 6.122}, {'end': 867.329, 'text': 'nothing really special where Kubernetes advantages or the actual cool features really come forward.', 'start': 860.587, 'duration': 6.742}, {'end': 869.51, 'text': "But we're going to get there step by step.", 'start': 867.689, 'duration': 1.821}, {'end': 870.63, 'text': "So let's continue.", 'start': 869.85, 'duration': 0.78}, {'end': 878.143, 'text': 'So as we said, pods communicate with each other using a service.', 'start': 874.42, 'duration': 3.723}, {'end': 887.39, 'text': "So my application will have a database endpoint, let's say, called MongoDB service that it uses to communicate with the database.", 'start': 878.183, 'duration': 9.207}, {'end': 892.454, 'text': 'But where do you configure usually this database URL or endpoint?', 'start': 887.91, 'duration': 4.544}, {'end': 899.619, 'text': 'Usually you would do it in application properties file or as some kind of external environmental variable.', 'start': 892.754, 'duration': 6.865}, {'end': 904.082, 'text': "But usually it's inside of the built image of the application.", 'start': 900.039, 'duration': 4.043}, {'end': 911.446, 'text': 'So, for example, if the end point of the service or service name in this case changed to MongoDB,', 'start': 904.602, 'duration': 6.844}], 'summary': 'Introduction to kubernetes components and communication setup.', 'duration': 50.64, 'max_score': 827.503, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4827503.jpg'}, {'end': 958.819, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 927.797, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 932.781, 'text': 'So a little bit tedious for a small change like database URL.', 'start': 927.797, 'duration': 4.984}, {'end': 937.505, 'text': 'So for that purpose, Kubernetes has a component called config map.', 'start': 932.881, 'duration': 4.624}, {'end': 942.549, 'text': "So what it does is it's basically your external configuration to your application.", 'start': 938.045, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 950.715, 'text': 'So config map would usually contain configuration data like URLs of a database or some other services that you use.', 'start': 942.929, 'duration': 7.786}, {'end': 958.819, 'text': 'And in Kubernetes, you just connect it to the pod so that pod actually gets the data that config map contains.', 'start': 951.195, 'duration': 7.624}], 'summary': 'Kubernetes uses config map to manage external configuration data, such as database urls, for pods.', 'duration': 31.022, 'max_score': 927.797, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4927797.jpg'}, {'end': 1040.821, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1015.908, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1024.751, 'text': "The secret components are meant to be encrypted using third party tools in Kubernetes because Kubernetes doesn't encrypt them out of the box.", 'start': 1015.908, 'duration': 8.843}, {'end': 1034.478, 'text': 'And there are tools for that from cloud providers or separate third party tools that you can deploy on Kubernetes to encrypt your secrets.', 'start': 1025.854, 'duration': 8.624}, {'end': 1036.94, 'text': 'And that will make secrets secure.', 'start': 1034.898, 'duration': 2.042}, {'end': 1040.821, 'text': 'So secret would contain things like credentials.', 'start': 1037.88, 'duration': 2.941}], 'summary': 'Encrypt kubernetes secrets with third-party tools for security.', 'duration': 24.913, 'max_score': 1015.908, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41015908.jpg'}, {'end': 1130.541, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1105.678, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1111.42, 'text': 'And the way you can do it in Kubernetes is using another component of Kubernetes called volumes.', 'start': 1105.678, 'duration': 5.742}, {'end': 1119.339, 'text': 'And how it works is that it basically attaches a physical storage on a hard drive to your pod.', 'start': 1112.577, 'duration': 6.762}, {'end': 1128.461, 'text': 'And that storage could be either on a local machine, meaning on the same server node where the pod is running, or it could be on a remote storage,', 'start': 1119.579, 'duration': 8.882}, {'end': 1130.541, 'text': 'meaning outside of the Kubernetes cluster.', 'start': 1128.461, 'duration': 2.08}], 'summary': 'Kubernetes uses volumes to attach physical storage to pods, which can be local or remote.', 'duration': 24.863, 'max_score': 1105.678, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41105678.jpg'}], 'start': 827.503, 'title': 'Kubernetes components and external configuration', 'summary': 'Introduces kubernetes components such as pods, services, and ingress, illustrating a simple setup with basic communication protocols. it also delves into the usage of config maps and secrets for external configuration, emphasizing the importance of data storage through volumes and the distinction between kubernetes cluster and storage.', 'chapters': [{'end': 878.143, 'start': 827.503, 'title': 'Introduction to kubernetes and ingress', 'summary': 'Introduces the basic components of kubernetes, including pods, services, and ingress, with a simple setup of one server, multiple containers, and basic communication protocols.', 'duration': 50.64, 'highlights': ['Ingress is a component of Kubernetes that handles secure protocol and domain name routing, providing a layer of abstraction for routing external traffic to services.', 'Pods communicate with each other using services, forming basic communication infrastructure within Kubernetes.', 'The chapter introduces the basic components of Kubernetes, including pods, services, and ingress, with a simple setup of one server, multiple containers, and basic communication protocols.']}, {'end': 1175.215, 'start': 878.183, 'title': 'Kubernetes external configuration and data storage', 'summary': 'Discusses how kubernetes uses config maps and secrets for external configuration and how volumes are used for data storage, emphasizing the importance of persisting data in kubernetes and the distinction between kubernetes cluster and storage.', 'duration': 297.032, 'highlights': ['Kubernetes uses config maps to provide external configuration to applications, such as database URLs, without requiring rebuilding the application and pushing a new image, simplifying the process for making small changes like database URL. Config maps in Kubernetes contain configuration data like database URLs and are connected to the pod, allowing for easy adjustment of the configuration without rebuilding the application, simplifying the process for making small changes like database URL.', 'Secrets in Kubernetes are used to store sensitive data like credentials in a base64 encoded format, and they are meant to be encrypted using third party tools for additional security. Secrets in Kubernetes store sensitive data like credentials in a base64 encoded format and are meant to be encrypted using third party tools for additional security to protect sensitive data like credentials.', 'Kubernetes uses volumes to attach physical storage to pods, enabling data persistence even if the pod gets restarted, and this storage can be local or remote, providing reliable long-term data persistence. Kubernetes uses volumes to attach physical storage to pods, ensuring data persistence even if the pod gets restarted, and this storage can be local or remote, providing reliable long-term data persistence.']}], 'duration': 347.712, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu4827503.jpg', 'highlights': ['Ingress is a component of Kubernetes that handles secure protocol and domain name routing, providing a layer of abstraction for routing external traffic to services.', 'Pods communicate with each other using services, forming basic communication infrastructure within Kubernetes.', 'The chapter introduces the basic components of Kubernetes, including pods, services, and ingress, with a simple setup of one server, multiple containers, and basic communication protocols.', 'Kubernetes uses config maps to provide external configuration to applications, such as database URLs, without requiring rebuilding the application and pushing a new image, simplifying the process for making small changes like database URL.', 'Secrets in Kubernetes are used to store sensitive data like credentials in a base64 encoded format, and they are meant to be encrypted using third party tools for additional security to protect sensitive data like credentials.', 'Kubernetes uses volumes to attach physical storage to pods, ensuring data persistence even if the pod gets restarted, and this storage can be local or remote, providing reliable long-term data persistence.']}, {'end': 1959.538, 'segs': [{'end': 1401.429, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1372.236, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1382.32, 'text': 'and there you would need some kind of mechanism that manages which parts are currently writing to that storage or which parts are reading from the storage,', 'start': 1372.236, 'duration': 10.084}, {'end': 1385.602, 'text': 'in order to avoid data inconsistencies.', 'start': 1382.32, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 1395.967, 'text': 'And that mechanism, in addition to replicating feature, is offered by another Kubernetes component called StatefulSet.', 'start': 1386.202, 'duration': 9.765}, {'end': 1401.429, 'text': 'So this component is meant specifically for applications like databases.', 'start': 1396.507, 'duration': 4.922}], 'summary': 'Kubernetes statefulset manages data consistency for applications like databases.', 'duration': 29.193, 'max_score': 1372.236, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41372236.jpg'}, {'end': 1493.443, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1469.564, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1478.972, 'text': "So, now that we have two replicas of my application pod and two replicas of the database and they're both load balanced, our setup is more robust,", 'start': 1469.564, 'duration': 9.408}, {'end': 1487.979, 'text': 'which means that now, even if node one, the whole node server, was actually rebooted or crashed and nothing could run on it,', 'start': 1478.972, 'duration': 9.007}, {'end': 1493.443, 'text': 'we would still have a second node with application and database pods running on it.', 'start': 1487.979, 'duration': 5.464}], 'summary': 'Setup: 2 replicas of app pod, 2 replicas of database, load balanced, for robustness.', 'duration': 23.879, 'max_score': 1469.564, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41469564.jpg'}, {'end': 1576.073, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1548.697, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1553.519, 'text': 'Before moving on, I want to give a shout out to Kasten who made this video possible.', 'start': 1548.697, 'duration': 4.822}, {'end': 1558.721, 'text': "Kasten's K10 is the data management platform for Kubernetes.", 'start': 1554.299, 'duration': 4.422}, {'end': 1567.464, 'text': 'K10 basically takes off most of the load of doing backup and restore in Kubernetes from the cluster administrators.', 'start': 1559.461, 'duration': 8.003}, {'end': 1576.073, 'text': "It has a very simple UI, so it's super easy to work with and has an intelligent logic which does all the heavy lifting for you.", 'start': 1568.004, 'duration': 8.069}], 'summary': "Kasten's k10 simplifies backup and restore in kubernetes, freeing up administrators with its intuitive ui and intelligent logic.", 'duration': 27.376, 'max_score': 1548.697, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41548697.jpg'}, {'end': 1668.289, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1642.893, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1649.377, 'text': 'So with this we are sending a request to Kubernetes to configure a component called deployment,', 'start': 1642.893, 'duration': 6.484}, {'end': 1653.02, 'text': 'which is basically a template or a blueprint for creating pods.', 'start': 1649.377, 'duration': 3.643}, {'end': 1662.145, 'text': 'And in this specific configuration example we tell Kubernetes to create two replica pods for us called my app,', 'start': 1653.32, 'duration': 8.825}, {'end': 1668.289, 'text': 'with each pod replica having a container based on my image running inside.', 'start': 1662.145, 'duration': 6.144}], 'summary': "Sending request to kubernetes to create 2 replica pods for 'my app'", 'duration': 25.396, 'max_score': 1642.893, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41642893.jpg'}], 'start': 1175.215, 'title': 'Kubernetes deployment and replication', 'summary': "Covers the advantages of replication in kubernetes, focusing on deployments for applications and stateful sets for databases, ensuring high availability and avoiding downtime. it also explains configuring a kubernetes deployment, including creating replica pods and using declarative configuration to ensure the desired state is met, with status continuously updated using yaml format and self-healing feature. additionally, it highlights the role of kasten's k10 in simplifying data management for kubernetes clusters.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1642.553, 'start': 1175.215, 'title': 'Understanding kubernetes components and replication', 'summary': "Explains the advantage of replication in kubernetes, with a focus on deployments for applications and stateful sets for databases, ensuring high availability and avoiding downtime. it also highlights the role of kasten's k10 in simplifying data management for kubernetes clusters.", 'duration': 467.338, 'highlights': ['The advantage of replication in Kubernetes is emphasized, with a focus on ensuring high availability and avoiding downtime. The chapter highlights the advantage of replicating everything on multiple servers in Kubernetes, ensuring that if one application pod or database pod dies, the service will forward the requests to another one, making the application still accessible for the user. This setup ensures robustness and avoids downtime in case of node failures.', 'The role of deployments for application replication and scaling in Kubernetes is explained, with a focus on creating blueprints for pods and specifying the number of replicas. Deployments in Kubernetes allow the creation of blueprints for application pods and specifying the number of replicas, enabling easy replication and scaling of applications. It is highlighted that working with deployments is more convenient than working directly with pods.', 'The importance of stateful sets for replicating and managing databases in Kubernetes is emphasized, as it ensures data synchronization and consistency. Stateful sets are highlighted as a crucial component for replicating and managing databases in Kubernetes, ensuring data reads and writes are synchronized to avoid inconsistencies. It is specifically recommended for stateful applications like databases, offering a mechanism for replicating pods and managing data consistency.', "The significance of Kasten's K10 in simplifying data management for Kubernetes clusters is highlighted, with its ability to handle backup and restore tasks efficiently. The chapter highlights the role of Kasten's K10 as a data management platform for Kubernetes, simplifying backup and restore tasks for cluster administrators. It is emphasized that K10's simple UI and intelligent logic handle the heavy lifting for Kubernetes backups, offering 10 nodes free forever for Kubernetes backups."]}, {'end': 1959.538, 'start': 1642.893, 'title': 'Configuring kubernetes deployment', 'summary': 'Explains the process of configuring a kubernetes deployment, including creating replica pods and using declarative configuration to ensure the desired state is met, with status continuously updated using yaml format and self-healing feature, with status data retrieved from etcd.', 'duration': 316.645, 'highlights': ['Kubernetes uses declarative configuration to specify the desired outcome, with the self-healing feature automatically restarting pods to meet the desired state, as shown in the example of recovering a pod replica. self-healing feature, automatic restart of pods', 'The configuration files in Kubernetes consist of three parts: metadata, specification, and status (automatically generated), with YAML format used and strict indentation requirements. three parts of configuration files, usage of YAML format', 'The status of the components is continuously updated by Kubernetes, with the status data retrieved from ETCD, the cluster brain storing the cluster data. continuous status update, retrieval from ETCD']}], 'duration': 784.323, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41175215.jpg', 'highlights': ['Deployments in Kubernetes allow the creation of blueprints for application pods and specifying the number of replicas, enabling easy replication and scaling of applications.', 'Stateful sets are highlighted as a crucial component for replicating and managing databases in Kubernetes, ensuring data reads and writes are synchronized to avoid inconsistencies.', 'The advantage of replicating everything on multiple servers in Kubernetes ensures robustness and avoids downtime in case of node failures.', "The role of Kasten's K10 as a data management platform for Kubernetes, simplifying backup and restore tasks for cluster administrators, is emphasized."]}, {'end': 2342.468, 'segs': [{'end': 2100.161, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2061.346, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2067.13, 'text': 'And the way to do it is using kubectl, which is a command line tool for Kubernetes cluster.', 'start': 2061.346, 'duration': 5.784}, {'end': 2069.012, 'text': "So let's see how it actually works.", 'start': 2067.37, 'duration': 1.642}, {'end': 2073.496, 'text': 'Remember, we said that Minikube runs both master and work processes.', 'start': 2069.272, 'duration': 4.224}, {'end': 2080.666, 'text': 'So one of the master processes called API Server is actually the main entry point into the Kubernetes cluster.', 'start': 2073.998, 'duration': 6.668}, {'end': 2088.494, 'text': 'So, if you want to do anything in the Kubernetes, if you want to configure anything, create any component, you first have to talk to the API server,', 'start': 2080.766, 'duration': 7.728}, {'end': 2091.395, 'text': 'and the way to talk to the API server is through different clients.', 'start': 2088.494, 'duration': 2.901}, {'end': 2093.597, 'text': 'So you can have a UI like a dashboard.', 'start': 2091.435, 'duration': 2.162}, {'end': 2100.161, 'text': 'You can talk to it using Kubernetes API or a command line tool, which is Cube City.', 'start': 2094.016, 'duration': 6.145}], 'summary': 'Kubectl is a command line tool for kubernetes cluster, api server is the main entry point, accessible through different clients like dashboard and kubectl.', 'duration': 38.815, 'max_score': 2061.346, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42061346.jpg'}, {'end': 2283.651, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2168.394, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2173.258, 'text': 'There are many different ways depending on your operating system and its architecture.', 'start': 2168.394, 'duration': 4.864}, {'end': 2177.16, 'text': 'So the best way is to reference the official documentation.', 'start': 2173.858, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 2183.986, 'text': 'And here, as you see, Minikube can run either as a container or a virtual machine.', 'start': 2177.721, 'duration': 6.265}, {'end': 2188.869, 'text': 'And these are the resource requirements to run Minikube on your machine.', 'start': 2184.406, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 2191.031, 'text': 'So make sure you have enough resources.', 'start': 2189.129, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 2195.714, 'text': 'For installation, you just select the correct data for your machine.', 'start': 2191.371, 'duration': 4.343}, {'end': 2200.078, 'text': "In my case, it's going to be Mac OS with a homebrew installation.", 'start': 2195.955, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 2206.583, 'text': 'And with one simple brew installed Minikube command, I can basically install Minikube.', 'start': 2201.459, 'duration': 5.124}, {'end': 2209.448, 'text': 'like this.', 'start': 2209.048, 'duration': 0.4}, {'end': 2212.991, 'text': 'And as you see, the latest Minikube version has been installed.', 'start': 2210.049, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 2220.918, 'text': 'Once Minikube is installed, we want to actually start or create a Minikube cluster, which is also super easy.', 'start': 2213.552, 'duration': 7.366}, {'end': 2224.541, 'text': 'As you see, we simply execute a Minikube start command.', 'start': 2221.018, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 2231.508, 'text': 'However, as I mentioned, Minikube must start either as a container or a virtual machine.', 'start': 2225.302, 'duration': 6.206}, {'end': 2238.114, 'text': 'So we need either a container or a virtual machine tool installed on our laptop to run Minikube.', 'start': 2231.908, 'duration': 6.206}, {'end': 2242.978, 'text': "And this is going to be the driver for Minikube and opening the driver's page.", 'start': 2238.374, 'duration': 4.604}, {'end': 2246.642, 'text': 'You see the list of supported drivers.', 'start': 2243.899, 'duration': 2.743}, {'end': 2250.242, 'text': 'for Linux, Mac OS and Windows.', 'start': 2247.861, 'duration': 2.381}, {'end': 2257.325, 'text': 'And you see that Docker is actually the preferred driver for running Minikube on all operating systems.', 'start': 2250.862, 'duration': 6.463}, {'end': 2265.748, 'text': 'Now this may be a little bit confusing because as you know, inside the Kubernetes cluster, we run Docker containers.', 'start': 2257.925, 'duration': 7.823}, {'end': 2274.251, 'text': "And it's important to note here that Minikube installation actually comes with Docker already installed to run those containers.", 'start': 2266.248, 'duration': 8.003}, {'end': 2283.651, 'text': 'but Docker as a driver from Minikube means that we are hosting Minikube on our local machine as a Docker container itself.', 'start': 2274.841, 'duration': 8.81}], 'summary': 'Minikube can run as a container or a virtual machine, with resource requirements specified and installation steps outlined for various operating systems.', 'duration': 115.257, 'max_score': 2168.394, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42168394.jpg'}, {'end': 2342.468, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2311.862, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 2321.325, 'text': 'So clicking on install Docker link, this will take me to Docker Hub where I have Docker desktop installation for Windows and Mac.', 'start': 2311.862, 'duration': 9.463}, {'end': 2329.848, 'text': "So I'm simply going to click in, in my case, Docker desktop for Mac, and I'm going to download and install Docker.", 'start': 2323.026, 'duration': 6.822}, {'end': 2332.789, 'text': 'And once downloaded, just install it.', 'start': 2330.428, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 2338.065, 'text': 'drag and drop into the applications folder.', 'start': 2335.703, 'duration': 2.362}, {'end': 2342.468, 'text': 'And now we can start the Docker daemon from the applications.', 'start': 2339.666, 'duration': 2.802}], 'summary': 'Install docker desktop for mac and start the docker daemon.', 'duration': 30.606, 'max_score': 2311.862, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42311862.jpg'}], 'start': 1961.57, 'title': 'Minikube and kubectl installation', 'summary': 'Covers the purpose, setup, and installation of minikube and kubectl, emphasizing their roles, functionality, installation steps, and the use of docker as the preferred driver, providing an overview of their ease of installation and resource requirements.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2125.976, 'start': 1961.57, 'title': 'Minikube and kubectl setup', 'summary': 'Explains the purpose of minikube as a tool for testing and deploying applications on local machines, and the role of kubectl as a command line tool for interacting with kubernetes clusters, demonstrating the setup and functionality of both tools.', 'duration': 164.406, 'highlights': ['Minikube allows testing and deployment on local machines without setting up a complex production cluster. Minikube provides a single-node cluster with master and worker processes, enabling quick testing and deployment on local machines without the complexity of a production cluster.', 'Kubectl serves as a command line tool for interacting with Kubernetes clusters, enabling configuration and creation of components. Kubectl is a powerful command line tool for interacting with Kubernetes clusters, allowing users to configure and create components using the API server, providing extensive control over Kubernetes operations.', 'API server is the main entry point into the Kubernetes cluster and is accessed through different clients, including kubectl. The API server, specifically the main entry point into the Kubernetes cluster, is accessed through various clients, such as kubectl, which communicates with the server to perform configuration and component creation actions.']}, {'end': 2342.468, 'start': 2126.036, 'title': 'Minikube & kubectl installation', 'summary': 'Covers the installation and setup of minikube and kubectl, including resource requirements, installation steps, and usage of docker as a driver for minikube, with emphasis on the ease of installation and the use of docker as the preferred driver.', 'duration': 216.432, 'highlights': ['Minikube can run either as a container or a virtual machine with specific resource requirements, such as RAM and CPU. Minikube can run either as a container or a virtual machine, with specific resource requirements mentioned, including RAM and CPU.', 'The installation of Minikube on Mac OS using homebrew is demonstrated with a simple brew installed Minikube command. The installation of Minikube on Mac OS using homebrew is demonstrated with a simple brew installed Minikube command, showcasing the ease of installation.', 'Minikube must start either as a container or a virtual machine, and Docker is the preferred driver for running Minikube on all operating systems. Minikube must start either as a container or a virtual machine, with Docker being the preferred driver for running Minikube on all operating systems, emphasizing the importance of Docker.', 'The chapter explains the use of Docker as a driver for Minikube, highlighting its role in hosting Minikube as a Docker container and the ease of installation from Docker Hub. The chapter explains the use of Docker as a driver for Minikube, highlighting its role in hosting Minikube as a Docker container and the ease of installation from Docker Hub, emphasizing the significance of Docker in the setup.', 'The process of downloading and installing Docker desktop for Mac is demonstrated, highlighting the simplicity of the installation process. The process of downloading and installing Docker desktop for Mac is demonstrated, highlighting the simplicity of the installation process, emphasizing the ease of installation.']}], 'duration': 380.898, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu41961570.jpg', 'highlights': ['Minikube provides a single-node cluster with master and worker processes, enabling quick testing and deployment on local machines without the complexity of a production cluster.', 'Kubectl is a powerful command line tool for interacting with Kubernetes clusters, allowing users to configure and create components using the API server, providing extensive control over Kubernetes operations.', 'The API server, specifically the main entry point into the Kubernetes cluster, is accessed through various clients, such as kubectl, which communicates with the server to perform configuration and component creation actions.', 'Minikube can run either as a container or a virtual machine, with specific resource requirements mentioned, including RAM and CPU.', 'The installation of Minikube on Mac OS using homebrew is demonstrated with a simple brew installed Minikube command, showcasing the ease of installation.', 'Minikube must start either as a container or a virtual machine, with Docker being the preferred driver for running Minikube on all operating systems, emphasizing the importance of Docker.', 'The chapter explains the use of Docker as a driver for Minikube, highlighting its role in hosting Minikube as a Docker container and the ease of installation from Docker Hub, emphasizing the significance of Docker in the setup.', 'The process of downloading and installing Docker desktop for Mac is demonstrated, highlighting the simplicity of the installation process.']}, {'end': 2747.582, 'segs': [{'end': 2403.564, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2373.804, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2379.066, 'text': 'because it needs to actually create the cluster and download all the necessary images and components.', 'start': 2373.804, 'duration': 5.262}, {'end': 2383.007, 'text': 'So the next time you do minikube start, it should actually go faster.', 'start': 2379.566, 'duration': 3.441}, {'end': 2391.37, 'text': 'And as you see, this command created a local Kubernetes cluster on our machine with the latest Kubernetes version 1.22.', 'start': 2383.467, 'duration': 7.903}, {'end': 2398.212, 'text': 'And now we can check the status of the cluster using minikube status command.', 'start': 2391.37, 'duration': 6.842}, {'end': 2403.564, 'text': 'And we see that all the components inside are running and everything is configured.', 'start': 2399.062, 'duration': 4.502}], 'summary': 'Created local kubernetes cluster with version 1.22, all components running', 'duration': 29.76, 'max_score': 2373.804, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42373804.jpg'}, {'end': 2582.516, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2453.332, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2458.735, 'text': 'So with this, we now have an actual Kubernetes cluster running locally on our machine.', 'start': 2453.332, 'duration': 5.403}, {'end': 2461.497, 'text': 'And we can start deploying applications in it.', 'start': 2459.215, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 2468.041, 'text': "So from this point on, we're going to be interacting with the Minikube cluster using kubectl command line tool.", 'start': 2461.937, 'duration': 6.104}, {'end': 2472.705, 'text': 'So Minikube is basically just for the startup and for deleting the cluster.', 'start': 2468.362, 'duration': 4.343}, {'end': 2477.168, 'text': "But everything else configuring we're going to be doing through kubectl.", 'start': 2473.025, 'duration': 4.143}, {'end': 2484.694, 'text': 'Now we have enough knowledge to deploy a very simple but realistic application set up in a Kubernetes cluster.', 'start': 2477.588, 'duration': 7.106}, {'end': 2498.168, 'text': 'We will deploy a MongoDB database and a web application which will connect to the MongoDB database using external configuration data from ConfigMap and Secret.', 'start': 2484.994, 'duration': 13.174}, {'end': 2504.877, 'text': 'And finally, we will make our web application accessible externally from the browser.', 'start': 2498.549, 'duration': 6.328}, {'end': 2506.739, 'text': "So let's get right in.", 'start': 2505.578, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 2508.559, 'text': 'So I have two resources here.', 'start': 2507.339, 'duration': 1.22}, {'end': 2515.262, 'text': "We're going to reference the Kubernetes documentation to create our components, which is a realistic way of working with Kubernetes,", 'start': 2508.619, 'duration': 6.643}, {'end': 2522.446, 'text': 'and also a Docker hub, where I have the web application image that I created, which is publicly accessible.', 'start': 2515.262, 'duration': 7.184}, {'end': 2527.288, 'text': 'So you can also pull it directly from the Docker hub in your Kubernetes cluster.', 'start': 2522.526, 'duration': 4.762}, {'end': 2537.732, 'text': "So first, let's go ahead and create all the Kubernetes configuration files that we need for deploying our application setup.", 'start': 2527.868, 'duration': 9.864}, {'end': 2544.054, 'text': "And for that, I'm going to go to Visual Studio Code where I have a Kubernetes demo folder open.", 'start': 2538.052, 'duration': 6.002}, {'end': 2548.936, 'text': "And in this folder, we're going to create four Kubernetes configuration files that we need.", 'start': 2544.535, 'duration': 4.401}, {'end': 2554.458, 'text': "We're going to create a config map with MongoDB database endpoint.", 'start': 2549.277, 'duration': 5.181}, {'end': 2558.919, 'text': "We're going to create a secret with username and password for MongoDB.", 'start': 2555.098, 'duration': 3.821}, {'end': 2565.721, 'text': "Then we're going to create a configuration file for deploying a MongoDB application and its service.", 'start': 2559.6, 'duration': 6.121}, {'end': 2574.823, 'text': "And then we're going to create Kubernetes configuration file for deploying our simple demo application with its service.", 'start': 2566.141, 'duration': 8.682}, {'end': 2582.516, 'text': 'So the first file will be called mongoconfig.yaml.', 'start': 2577.932, 'duration': 4.584}], 'summary': 'Setting up a local kubernetes cluster with deployment of mongodb and web application.', 'duration': 129.184, 'max_score': 2453.332, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42453332.jpg'}, {'end': 2670.673, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2642.984, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2646.767, 'text': "And in a couple of minutes, you're going to see how to create this Mongo service.", 'start': 2642.984, 'duration': 3.783}, {'end': 2652.171, 'text': 'And that will be basically all the configuration we need for creating config map.', 'start': 2647.588, 'duration': 4.583}, {'end': 2656.575, 'text': 'So that one is done.', 'start': 2655.374, 'duration': 1.201}, {'end': 2659.757, 'text': "Let's now go ahead and create Mongo secret.", 'start': 2657.015, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 2667.091, 'text': 'dot YAML, which will hold the username and password for MongoDB application.', 'start': 2660.888, 'duration': 6.203}, {'end': 2670.673, 'text': 'Again, to reference documentation.', 'start': 2667.532, 'duration': 3.141}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating how to create a mongo service and config map, then proceeding to create a mongo secret in yaml.', 'duration': 27.689, 'max_score': 2642.984, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42642984.jpg'}], 'start': 2345.13, 'title': 'Setting up kubernetes and creating config files', 'summary': 'Details setting up a local kubernetes cluster with minikube, including installation, cluster creation, interaction, deployment of mongodb and a web application. it also covers creating kubernetes configuration files for deploying mongodb and a demo application, with an overview of key steps and attributes.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2527.288, 'start': 2345.13, 'title': 'Setting up a local kubernetes cluster with minikube', 'summary': 'Details the process of setting up a local kubernetes cluster using minikube, including the installation, cluster creation, and interaction with the cluster, as well as the deployment of a mongodb database and a web application with external accessibility.', 'duration': 182.158, 'highlights': ["Minikube cluster created with latest Kubernetes version 1.22 The 'minikube start' command created a local Kubernetes cluster with the latest Kubernetes version 1.22, demonstrating the successful setup of the cluster.", "Interacting with the cluster using kubectl command line tool The chapter emphasizes the interaction with the Minikube cluster through the 'kubectl' command line tool, which is essential for managing and deploying applications within the Kubernetes environment.", 'Deployment of MongoDB database and web application in Kubernetes cluster The chapter outlines the plan to deploy a MongoDB database and a web application within the Kubernetes cluster, indicating a practical application of the cluster setup.', 'Utilizing ConfigMap and Secret for external configuration data The deployment plan involves using external configuration data from ConfigMap and Secret, showcasing a comprehensive approach to managing application settings within the Kubernetes environment.', 'Accessibility of web application image from Docker hub The availability of the web application image on Docker hub is highlighted, allowing for easy access and integration within the Kubernetes cluster.']}, {'end': 2747.582, 'start': 2527.868, 'title': 'Creating kubernetes config files', 'summary': 'Covers the creation of kubernetes configuration files including config maps and secrets for deploying mongodb and a simple demo application, with an overview of the key steps and attributes involved.', 'duration': 219.714, 'highlights': ["Creating a config map for MongoDB database endpoint The process involves defining a config map named 'mongoconfig' with a key-value pair for the MongoDB URL, which will be the service for the MongoDB application.", "Creating a secret for username and password for MongoDB The process includes creating a secret named 'Mongo secret' using base64 encoding for the username and password values, ensuring secure storage of sensitive information.", 'Overview of Kubernetes configuration file creation The chapter provides guidance on creating four Kubernetes configuration files, including config maps, secrets, and deployment files for MongoDB and a simple demo application.']}], 'duration': 402.452, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42345130.jpg', 'highlights': ['Minikube cluster created with latest Kubernetes version 1.22', 'Interacting with the cluster using kubectl command line tool', 'Deployment of MongoDB database and web application in Kubernetes cluster', 'Utilizing ConfigMap and Secret for external configuration data', 'Creating a config map for MongoDB database endpoint', 'Creating a secret for username and password for MongoDB', 'Overview of Kubernetes configuration file creation', 'Accessibility of web application image from Docker hub']}, {'end': 3825.821, 'segs': [{'end': 2829.874, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2797.912, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2804.377, 'text': 'And as you see, deployment configuration file looks a little bit more complex than config map or a secret.', 'start': 2797.912, 'duration': 6.465}, {'end': 2808.659, 'text': "So let's go through the configuration and understand all these attributes.", 'start': 2804.557, 'duration': 4.102}, {'end': 2812.422, 'text': 'So we have the metadata section and the specification.', 'start': 2809.06, 'duration': 3.362}, {'end': 2820.407, 'text': 'And these are basically deployment specific configuration that we have in the specification section.', 'start': 2812.842, 'duration': 7.565}, {'end': 2829.874, 'text': "and let's start with the main part of the deployment, which defines the blueprint for the pods, and that blueprint is defined as a template.", 'start': 2820.407, 'duration': 9.467}], 'summary': 'Deployment configuration file is more complex than config map or secret, with metadata and specification sections.', 'duration': 31.962, 'max_score': 2797.912, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42797912.jpg'}, {'end': 2961.054, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2907.179, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2910.081, 'text': 'And we also have the port where the container will listen.', 'start': 2907.179, 'duration': 2.902}, {'end': 2912.063, 'text': "And let's check our image.", 'start': 2910.582, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 2915.045, 'text': 'And as you see, MongoDB starts at this port.', 'start': 2912.443, 'duration': 2.602}, {'end': 2917.507, 'text': 'So we can just copy it and paste it in here.', 'start': 2915.205, 'duration': 2.302}, {'end': 2928.13, 'text': 'So this basically just configures our deployment to create pods with a MongoDB image version 5.0.', 'start': 2917.907, 'duration': 10.223}, {'end': 2929.832, 'text': "So that's the core of a deployment.", 'start': 2928.13, 'duration': 1.702}, {'end': 2932.474, 'text': "Now let's see what is all this other stuff here.", 'start': 2930.312, 'duration': 2.162}, {'end': 2937.678, 'text': 'First of all, we have these labels attribute in the metadata section.', 'start': 2932.854, 'duration': 4.824}, {'end': 2941.341, 'text': 'And then we also have match labels attribute.', 'start': 2938.459, 'duration': 2.882}, {'end': 2948.826, 'text': 'So what is this about? In Kubernetes, you can give any component a key value pair labels.', 'start': 2941.781, 'duration': 7.045}, {'end': 2954.089, 'text': 'So you can label anything from pod to deployment to config map, etc.', 'start': 2949.366, 'duration': 4.723}, {'end': 2961.054, 'text': 'And labels basically are additional identifiers of the components in addition to the name, for example.', 'start': 2954.63, 'duration': 6.424}], 'summary': 'Configuring deployment with mongodb image version 5.0 and labels for identifying components in kubernetes.', 'duration': 53.875, 'max_score': 2907.179, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42907179.jpg'}, {'end': 3072.787, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3047.183, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 3053.605, 'text': 'Now, are these labels given or can you select any key value pairs? Well, these are totally up to you.', 'start': 3047.183, 'duration': 6.422}, {'end': 3055.426, 'text': 'You can call it whatever you want.', 'start': 3053.885, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 3059.327, 'text': 'You can call it my key, my value.', 'start': 3056.066, 'duration': 3.261}, {'end': 3060.547, 'text': "It doesn't really matter.", 'start': 3059.727, 'duration': 0.82}, {'end': 3069.526, 'text': 'However, the standard and a common practice in Kubernetes is to use app key in the labels when labeling your applications.', 'start': 3060.887, 'duration': 8.639}, {'end': 3072.787, 'text': 'And the value will obviously be whatever application you have.', 'start': 3070.146, 'duration': 2.641}], 'summary': "In kubernetes, the common practice is to use 'app' key in labels for applications.", 'duration': 25.604, 'max_score': 3047.183, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu43047183.jpg'}, {'end': 3209.884, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3182.822, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3187.143, 'text': 'First of all we have the selector attributes which you already know from here.', 'start': 3182.822, 'duration': 4.321}, {'end': 3190.403, 'text': 'Now why do we need a selector in service.', 'start': 3187.703, 'duration': 2.7}, {'end': 3198.965, 'text': 'Because as you know service needs to forward the request that it gets to its end point pods.', 'start': 3190.784, 'duration': 8.181}, {'end': 3205.663, 'text': 'How does service know which pods belong to it and which ones it should forward the request to?', 'start': 3199.525, 'duration': 6.138}, {'end': 3209.884, 'text': 'well, using the same label selector as we saw on deployment.', 'start': 3205.663, 'duration': 4.221}], 'summary': 'Services use label selectors to forward requests to endpoint pods.', 'duration': 27.062, 'max_score': 3182.822, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu43182822.jpg'}, {'end': 3580.376, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3544.245, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3549.067, 'text': "And the same way we're going to configure the password.", 'start': 3544.245, 'duration': 4.822}, {'end': 3551.322, 'text': "So let's take the password.", 'start': 3549.781, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 3554.144, 'text': "That's the name of the environment variable.", 'start': 3551.942, 'duration': 2.202}, {'end': 3561.429, 'text': 'Same secrets component, this time with a different key.', 'start': 3554.704, 'duration': 6.725}, {'end': 3563.09, 'text': "And that's it.", 'start': 3562.569, 'duration': 0.521}, {'end': 3567.012, 'text': 'So our MongoDB configuration file is complete.', 'start': 3563.91, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 3572.376, 'text': 'And when it starts, a user with these credentials will be created.', 'start': 3568.393, 'duration': 3.983}, {'end': 3580.376, 'text': 'When our web application starts, it will need to connect to the database.', 'start': 3575.678, 'duration': 4.698}], 'summary': 'Configured mongodb with environment variables for password. user with credentials will be created on startup.', 'duration': 36.131, 'max_score': 3544.245, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu43544245.jpg'}, {'end': 3700.181, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3664.603, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 3668.985, 'text': 'And this value is not in the secret but in config map.', 'start': 3664.603, 'duration': 4.382}, {'end': 3672.767, 'text': 'And how do we access value from config map.', 'start': 3669.485, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 3675.328, 'text': 'Very similar as the secret.', 'start': 3673.307, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 3677.189, 'text': 'So we have the same value from.', 'start': 3675.348, 'duration': 1.841}, {'end': 3686.868, 'text': 'And instead of secret key ref, we have config map key ref, or key reference.', 'start': 3679.446, 'duration': 7.422}, {'end': 3697.931, 'text': 'And then we have name, which we called mongoconfig, and key, which is the name of the key.', 'start': 3687.508, 'duration': 10.423}, {'end': 3700.181, 'text': "And that's it.", 'start': 3699.741, 'duration': 0.44}], 'summary': 'Access value from config map similar to secret, using config map key ref with name mongoconfig.', 'duration': 35.578, 'max_score': 3664.603, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu43664603.jpg'}, {'end': 3779.889, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3750.888, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 3755.071, 'text': 'These service configurations, both of them are internal services.', 'start': 3750.888, 'duration': 4.183}, {'end': 3763.917, 'text': 'So to make it external, all we need to do is set a type, which is by default cluster IP.', 'start': 3755.812, 'duration': 8.105}, {'end': 3766.439, 'text': "So that's the default type.", 'start': 3765.398, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 3771.663, 'text': "We don't specify the type, but we're going to set it to node port.", 'start': 3766.579, 'duration': 5.084}, {'end': 3779.889, 'text': 'So node port is an external service type and it requires a third port, which is called a node port.', 'start': 3772.604, 'duration': 7.285}], 'summary': 'Configuring internal services to be external using node port type, which requires a third port.', 'duration': 29.001, 'max_score': 3750.888, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu43750888.jpg'}], 'start': 2748.203, 'title': 'Kubernetes deployments and configuration', 'summary': 'Covers creating deployments and services for mongodb, understanding kubernetes labels and selectors, and configuring mongodb and web app in kubernetes, with a focus on version 5.0 image and environment variable setup.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2932.474, 'start': 2748.203, 'title': 'Creating deployments in kubernetes', 'summary': 'Discusses creating a configuration file for deployment and service for mongodb in kubernetes, highlighting the blueprint for pods, defining containers with the mongodb image version 5.0, and understanding the deployment-specific configuration.', 'duration': 184.271, 'highlights': ['Defining the blueprint for pods using a template within the configuration of deployment The blueprint for pods is defined as a template within the configuration of deployment, allowing for the configuration of the pod within the deployment.', 'Defining containers with the MongoDB image version 5.0 and specifying the container name and port The configuration file specifies the MongoDB image version 5.0 for the containers within the pods, along with the container name and the port where the container will listen.', 'Understanding the deployment-specific configuration, including the metadata and specification sections The deployment-specific configuration includes the metadata and specification sections, providing details for the deployment and its associated pods.']}, {'end': 3401.955, 'start': 2932.854, 'title': 'Understanding kubernetes labels and selectors', 'summary': 'Explains the importance of labels and selectors in kubernetes, emphasizing their role in identifying and organizing components, with a focus on setting labels for pods and utilizing selectors for deployments and services.', 'duration': 469.101, 'highlights': ['Labels in Kubernetes enable identifying and addressing specific components, such as pods and deployments, with selectors defining relationships between components.', 'Selectors in deployment configurations determine which pods belong to the deployment, facilitating efficient pod management.', "Standard labeling practices in Kubernetes recommend using 'app' key for application labels, enhancing consistency and manageability.", 'Defining service selectors using labels ensures the service forwards requests to the appropriate pods, while specifying ports enables communication within the cluster.']}, {'end': 3825.821, 'start': 3401.955, 'title': 'Configuring mongodb and web app in kubernetes', 'summary': 'Discusses how to configure mongodb and a web application in kubernetes by setting up environment variables, referencing values from secrets and config maps, and adjusting service configurations.', 'duration': 423.866, 'highlights': ['Setting up environment variables for MongoDB and web application The process involves setting environment variables for MongoDB username and password, referencing values from secrets and config components, and passing three pieces of data as environment variables to the web application.', "Referencing values from secrets and config maps Using 'valueFrom' and 'secretKeyRef' to reference values from the secret 'Mongo secret' and using 'configMapKeyRef' to reference values from the config map 'mongoconfig'. This allows for cleaner configuration and easy updating of values.", "Adjusting service configurations for external accessibility Changing the service type from 'clusterIP' to 'nodePort' and defining a node port within the range of 30,000 and 32,767 to make the web application accessible from the browser."]}], 'duration': 1077.618, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu42748203.jpg', 'highlights': ['Defining containers with the MongoDB image version 5.0 and specifying the container name and port', 'Setting up environment variables for MongoDB and web application', 'Understanding the deployment-specific configuration, including the metadata and specification sections', 'Labels in Kubernetes enable identifying and addressing specific components, such as pods and deployments, with selectors defining relationships between components', 'Selectors in deployment configurations determine which pods belong to the deployment, facilitating efficient pod management', "Standard labeling practices in Kubernetes recommend using 'app' key for application labels, enhancing consistency and manageability", "Referencing values from secrets and config maps Using 'valueFrom' and 'secretKeyRef' to reference values from the secret 'Mongo secret' and using 'configMapKeyRef' to reference values from the config map 'mongoconfig'. This allows for cleaner configuration and easy updating of values", "Adjusting service configurations for external accessibility Changing the service type from 'clusterIP' to 'nodePort' and defining a node port within the range of 30,000 and 32,767 to make the web application accessible from the browser"]}, {'end': 4322.96, 'segs': [{'end': 3947.029, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3870.043, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3880.271, 'text': 'so first we need to create the external configurations, because they need to be there when we create mongodb and web application deployments,', 'start': 3870.043, 'duration': 10.228}, {'end': 3883.053, 'text': 'because they reference those configurations.', 'start': 3880.271, 'duration': 2.782}, {'end': 3886.996, 'text': "so let's create mongoconfig and secret first.", 'start': 3883.053, 'duration': 3.943}, {'end': 3891.559, 'text': 'to do that, we have kubectl apply command with minus f,', 'start': 3886.996, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 3901.208, 'text': 'which stands for file which takes a kubernetes configuration file as an input like this and creates whatever is defined inside.', 'start': 3891.559, 'duration': 9.649}, {'end': 3904.09, 'text': 'And as you see, Mongo config was created.', 'start': 3901.828, 'duration': 2.262}, {'end': 3906.692, 'text': "Now let's create Mongo secret.", 'start': 3904.771, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 3912.797, 'text': "Next, we're going to create a database because our web application depends on it.", 'start': 3908.153, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 3915.659, 'text': 'So it should start first.', 'start': 3914.198, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 3918.701, 'text': "And again, let's do QCTL apply.", 'start': 3916.48, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 3922.562, 'text': 'with Mongo.yaml as an input.', 'start': 3919.941, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 3926.524, 'text': 'And as you see, deployment and service were created.', 'start': 3922.842, 'duration': 3.682}, {'end': 3930.405, 'text': "And finally, let's deploy our web application.", 'start': 3927.024, 'duration': 3.381}, {'end': 3931.506, 'text': 'And there you go.', 'start': 3930.965, 'duration': 0.541}, {'end': 3933.346, 'text': 'So everything seems fine.', 'start': 3931.746, 'duration': 1.6}, {'end': 3939.709, 'text': 'But of course, we want to check all the pods and all the components that were created in the cluster.', 'start': 3933.626, 'duration': 6.083}, {'end': 3947.029, 'text': "So for that, I'm going to actually switch to command line so that we can see it better.", 'start': 3942.947, 'duration': 4.082}], 'summary': 'Created external configurations for mongodb and web app deployments, including mongoconfig, secret, database, and web application. checked all pods and components in the cluster.', 'duration': 76.986, 'max_score': 3870.043, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu43870043.jpg'}, {'end': 4074.186, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4046.32, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4052.646, 'text': "So kubectl get is obviously the most common command you're gonna use to list all the components.", 'start': 4046.32, 'duration': 6.326}, {'end': 4063.375, 'text': 'If you want to see more details about a certain component, you can use kubectl describe command for it, a name of the component, like a service,', 'start': 4053.306, 'duration': 10.069}, {'end': 4069.361, 'text': 'for example, and the actual instance of that component, like web app service.', 'start': 4063.375, 'duration': 5.986}, {'end': 4074.186, 'text': 'And this will give you more detailed output about that specific component.', 'start': 4069.922, 'duration': 4.264}], 'summary': 'Kubectl get is the most common command for listing components. kubectl describe provides more details about specific components.', 'duration': 27.866, 'max_score': 4046.32, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu44046320.jpg'}, {'end': 4164.438, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4140.279, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4147.01, 'text': 'And for that, we actually configured the service and we can actually get the service using service or SVC.', 'start': 4140.279, 'duration': 6.731}, {'end': 4155.194, 'text': "comment So how do we access the service from the browser? Because this is the port we're going to use to access it.", 'start': 4148.85, 'duration': 6.344}, {'end': 4164.438, 'text': 'But which IP address is it accessible at? Well, the node port service is always accessible at the IP address of the cluster node.', 'start': 4155.254, 'duration': 9.184}], 'summary': "Configured service for access via node port, accessible at cluster node's ip address.", 'duration': 24.159, 'max_score': 4140.279, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu44140279.jpg'}, {'end': 4303.579, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4274.54, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4280.183, 'text': "Now, if you're serious about learning Kubernetes in depth, I actually have two more resources for you.", 'start': 4274.54, 'duration': 5.643}, {'end': 4289.988, 'text': 'As I mentioned at the beginning, if you want to really become an expert in Kubernetes and learn how to build and administer a cluster from scratch,', 'start': 4280.983, 'duration': 9.005}, {'end': 4295.171, 'text': 'then my complete Kubernetes administrator course will be a perfect resource for you.', 'start': 4289.988, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 4303.579, 'text': 'But if your goal is rather to become a DevOps engineer, then our complete DevOps educational program will be the best fit for you.', 'start': 4295.731, 'duration': 7.848}], 'summary': 'Two resources available for learning kubernetes and devops.', 'duration': 29.039, 'max_score': 4274.54, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu44274540.jpg'}], 'start': 3840.077, 'title': 'Kubernetes deployment best practices', 'summary': 'Covers deploying applications with databases and external configurations in a kubernetes cluster, including creating a database and applying configurations using kubectl commands. it also demonstrates web application creation and deployment in a kubernetes cluster, emphasizing the use of kubectl commands and accessing the application from the browser, as well as the importance of kubernetes documentation and learning resources.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3922.562, 'start': 3840.077, 'title': 'Deploying application with database in kubernetes', 'summary': 'Details the process of deploying an application with its database and external configuration in a kubernetes cluster, including creating external configurations, creating a database, and applying the configurations using kubectl commands.', 'duration': 82.485, 'highlights': ["Creating external configurations, including mongoconfig and secret, using kubectl apply command with 'minus f' which creates the configurations defined inside.", "Creating a database using the Mongo.yaml file and applying it to the Kubernetes cluster using 'QCTL apply'."]}, {'end': 4322.96, 'start': 3922.842, 'title': 'Kubernetes deployment and validation', 'summary': 'Demonstrates the creation and deployment of a web application and its components in a kubernetes cluster, showcasing the use of kubectl commands and accessing the application from the browser, with an emphasis on the importance of kubernetes documentation and learning resources.', 'duration': 400.118, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates the creation and deployment of a web application and its components in a Kubernetes cluster. It illustrates the process of creating deployments, pods, and services in a Kubernetes cluster to deploy a web application with MongoDB.', "The chapter emphasizes the use of kubectl commands for managing and inspecting the components of the Kubernetes cluster. It highlights the usage of kubectl commands such as 'kubectl get all' and 'kubectl describe' to view and obtain detailed information about the components in the cluster.", 'The significance of accessing the application from the browser using the node port service is explained. It emphasizes the accessibility of the application via the node port service and obtaining the IP address of the cluster node to access the application.', "The importance of leveraging Kubernetes documentation and learning resources is emphasized. It stresses the value of utilizing 'kubectl help' and the official Kubernetes documentation to understand and utilize various kubectl commands and configurations."]}], 'duration': 482.883, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s_o8dwzRlu4/pics/s_o8dwzRlu43840077.jpg', 'highlights': ["Creating external configurations using kubectl apply command with 'minus f'", "Creating a database using the Mongo.yaml file and applying it to the Kubernetes cluster using 'QCTL apply'", 'Demonstrating the creation and deployment of a web application and its components in a Kubernetes cluster', 'Emphasizing the use of kubectl commands for managing and inspecting the components of the Kubernetes cluster', 'Significance of accessing the application from the browser using the node port service', 'Importance of leveraging Kubernetes documentation and learning resources']}], 'highlights': ['Kubernetes helps manage applications made up of hundreds or thousands of containers in different environments, ensuring high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery.', 'The crash course aims to provide a first experience and understanding of Kubernetes, acknowledging its popularity and complexity.', 'Container orchestration tools like Kubernetes guarantee high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery, ensuring applications are always accessible, easily scalable, and have mechanisms for data recovery.', 'The rise of microservices led to increased usage of container technologies for small, independent applications, resulting in applications comprised of hundreds or thousands of containers.', "Nana's complete Kubernetes administrator course is designed to assist in passing the CKA exam, enabling viewers to become certified Kubernetes administrators.", 'The Kubernetes cluster consists of at least one master node and multiple worker nodes, with the master node running essential processes such as API server, controller manager, scheduler, and etcd key value storage.', 'Etcd key value storage holds the current state of the Kubernetes cluster, including configuration and status data of each node and container, enabling recovery of the whole cluster state using ETCD snapshots.', 'Worker nodes host containers of different applications, with the number of Docker containers varying based on workload distribution, and these nodes are where the actual work and applications run.', 'In production environments, it is recommended to have at least two masters, and often multiple masters, to ensure continuous cluster functionality in case of a master node failure.', 'Pods in Kubernetes create an abstraction layer over containers, usually meant to run one application container but can run multiple containers when necessary.', 'Kubernetes provides a virtual network where each pod gets its own internal IP address, allowing communication between pods.', 'Ingress is a component of Kubernetes that handles secure protocol and domain name routing, providing a layer of abstraction for routing external traffic to services.', 'Kubernetes uses config maps to provide external configuration to applications, such as database URLs, without requiring rebuilding the application and pushing a new image, simplifying the process for making small changes like database URL.', 'Secrets in Kubernetes are used to store sensitive data like credentials in a base64 encoded format, and they are meant to be encrypted using third party tools for additional security to protect sensitive data like credentials.', 'Deployments in Kubernetes allow the creation of blueprints for application pods and specifying the number of replicas, enabling easy replication and scaling of applications.', 'Stateful sets are highlighted as a crucial component for replicating and managing databases in Kubernetes, ensuring data reads and writes are synchronized to avoid inconsistencies.', 'Minikube provides a single-node cluster with master and worker processes, enabling quick testing and deployment on local machines without the complexity of a production cluster.', 'Kubectl is a powerful command line tool for interacting with Kubernetes clusters, allowing users to configure and create components using the API server, providing extensive control over Kubernetes operations.', 'Minikube can run either as a container or a virtual machine, with specific resource requirements mentioned, including RAM and CPU.', 'Minikube must start either as a container or a virtual machine, with Docker being the preferred driver for running Minikube on all operating systems, emphasizing the importance of Docker.', 'Minikube cluster created with latest Kubernetes version 1.22', 'Interacting with the cluster using kubectl command line tool', 'Deployment of MongoDB database and web application in Kubernetes cluster', 'Creating a config map for MongoDB database endpoint', 'Creating a secret for username and password for MongoDB', 'Defining containers with the MongoDB image version 5.0 and specifying the container name and port', 'Setting up environment variables for MongoDB and web application', 'Understanding the deployment-specific configuration, including the metadata and specification sections', 'Labels in Kubernetes enable identifying and addressing specific components, such as pods and deployments, with selectors defining relationships between components', "Standard labeling practices in Kubernetes recommend using 'app' key for application labels, enhancing consistency and manageability", "Creating external configurations using kubectl apply command with 'minus f'", "Creating a database using the Mongo.yaml file and applying it to the Kubernetes cluster using 'QCTL apply'", 'Demonstrating the creation and deployment of a web application and its components in a Kubernetes cluster', 'Emphasizing the use of kubectl commands for managing and inspecting the components of the Kubernetes cluster', 'Significance of accessing the application from the browser using the node port service', 'Importance of leveraging Kubernetes documentation and learning resources']}