title
R Programming Tutorial

description
Get the Cheat Sheet : https://goo.gl/Dxb6kM Subscribe to Me: http://bit.ly/2FWQZTx Best R Book : http://amzn.to/2A7ufMz MY UDEMY COURSES ARE 87.5% OFF TIL January 16th ($9.99) One is FREE ➡️ Python Data Science Series for $9.99 : Highest Rated & Largest Python Udemy Course + 56 Hrs + 200 Videos + Data Science https://bit.ly/Master_Python_44 ➡️ C++ Programming Bootcamp Series for $9.99 : Over 23 Hrs + 53 Videos + Quizzes + Graded Assignments + New Videos Every Month https://bit.ly/C_Course_44 ➡️ FREE 15 hour Golang Course!!! : https://bit.ly/go-tutorial5 (100 Available) In this one tutorial I will cover the basic syntax of the R programming language as well as provide numerous examples on plotting and statistical analysis. R is widely considered to be the best language for statistical analysis and data mining. R makes it extremely easy to perform numerous complex calculations with ease and its plotting system is second to none. 00:40 Installation 02:14 R Studio Setup 04:12 Fun Example 09:57 Assignment 10:22 Variables 10:37 Data Types 13:33 Arithmetic Operators 14:59 Vectors 20:17 Relational Operators 22:15 Logical Operators 23:00 If 24:04 Switch 25:34 Strings 29:45 Factors 32:15 Data Frames 36:00 Repeat 36:43 While 37:54 For 38:43 Matrices 43:03 Arrays 44:22 Functions 48:44 Anonymous Functions 49:29 Closures 51:30 Exception Handling 53:11 File I/O 58:29 Plotting 1:08:14 Math Functions 1:11:18 Random Numbers 1:12:18 Pie Charts 1:17:56 Bar Charts 1:20:12 Regression Analysis Like the channel? Consider becoming a Patreon! Check it out here: ►► https://www.patreon.com/derekbanas *Watch More Learn in One Videos* ►► Java - https://youtu.be/n-xAqcBCws4 ►► C++ - https://youtu.be/Rub-JsjMhWY ►► Python - https://youtu.be/N4mEzFDjqtA ►► MySQL - https://youtu.be/yPu6qV5byu4 ►► PHP - https://youtu.be/7TF00hJI78Y ►► Kotlin - https://youtu.be/H_oGi8uuDpA ►► C# - https://youtu.be/lisiwUZJXqQ ►► JavaScript - https://youtu.be/fju9ii8YsGs

detail
{'title': 'R Programming Tutorial', 'heatmap': [{'end': 253.461, 'start': 148.166, 'weight': 1}, {'end': 560.073, 'start': 500.355, 'weight': 0.819}, {'end': 1960.91, 'start': 1903.252, 'weight': 0.772}], 'summary': 'This tutorial on r programming and rstudio setup covers core syntax, plotting, complex calculations, and loading libraries. it also includes working with data, creating scatter plots, data plotting, decision making, string operations, dataframes, looping, matrices, and functions. furthermore, it delves into python function handling, event handlers, file handling, basic plotting in r, and creating pie charts and 3d charts in python and r.', 'chapters': [{'end': 239.439, 'segs': [{'end': 73.831, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 51.106, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 58.634, 'text': "I'm going to first install R and this is the location you go to to do that and I'm just going to click on any of these little guys here.", 'start': 51.106, 'duration': 7.528}, {'end': 63.259, 'text': "And that's going to open up and I'm going to say download R for Windows in this situation.", 'start': 59.014, 'duration': 4.245}, {'end': 66.122, 'text': "Obviously click on the other ones depending upon what you're using.", 'start': 63.499, 'duration': 2.623}, {'end': 70.106, 'text': "I'm then going to click on base and then download R for Windows.", 'start': 66.402, 'duration': 3.704}, {'end': 71.628, 'text': "It's going to ask me if I want to.", 'start': 70.407, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 73.831, 'text': "I'm going to say yes I do and it's going to install.", 'start': 71.648, 'duration': 2.183}], 'summary': 'Demonstration of installing r on windows, with prompt for installation confirmation.', 'duration': 22.725, 'max_score': 51.106, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q451106.jpg'}, {'end': 176.91, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 148.166, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 150.808, 'text': 'And of course, just file, new file, R script.', 'start': 148.166, 'duration': 2.642}, {'end': 153.409, 'text': "And I'm going to immediately save that.", 'start': 151.188, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 155.03, 'text': 'So save as..', 'start': 153.709, 'duration': 1.321}, {'end': 158.473, 'text': "Then I'm going to look for a convenient location to store this.", 'start': 155.45, 'duration': 3.023}, {'end': 162.196, 'text': "I'm probably going to store it in my users folder.", 'start': 158.673, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 168.802, 'text': 'And create a new folder inside of documents probably.', 'start': 163.878, 'duration': 4.924}, {'end': 170.103, 'text': 'And new folder.', 'start': 169.263, 'duration': 0.84}, {'end': 172.185, 'text': "And I'm just going to call this RTUT.", 'start': 170.524, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 175.088, 'text': "And then I'm going to name my file also RTUT.", 'start': 172.506, 'duration': 2.582}, {'end': 176.91, 'text': 'and click on save.', 'start': 175.829, 'duration': 1.081}], 'summary': 'Creating and saving an r script file named rtut in a designated location.', 'duration': 28.744, 'max_score': 148.166, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4148166.jpg'}, {'end': 230.354, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 198.931, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 200.452, 'text': "But I think I'm going to go with tomorrow night.", 'start': 198.931, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 201.653, 'text': "That's pretty easy to see.", 'start': 200.492, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 203.074, 'text': "And we're going to click on Apply.", 'start': 201.813, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 204.755, 'text': "And now you can see everything's bigger here.", 'start': 203.214, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 207.077, 'text': "And it's going to be a little bit easier on the eyes.", 'start': 205.096, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 208.018, 'text': 'So click on OK.', 'start': 207.137, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 210.981, 'text': 'Now I can come down here inside of my console area.', 'start': 208.258, 'duration': 2.723}, {'end': 215.925, 'text': 'And I can find my working directories just by typing in git wd.', 'start': 211.161, 'duration': 4.764}, {'end': 218.927, 'text': 'And it actually has that set for my Mac.', 'start': 216.545, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 220.789, 'text': "I'm running Windows and Parallels.", 'start': 218.987, 'duration': 1.802}, {'end': 221.87, 'text': 'So I want to change that.', 'start': 220.849, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 224.451, 'text': 'Now I want to change my working directory.', 'start': 222.19, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 230.354, 'text': "So what I'm going to do is I'm going to go into session and set working directory and choose directory.", 'start': 224.531, 'duration': 5.823}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating how to change the working directory for git in a windows and parallels environment to improve visibility and ease of use.', 'duration': 31.423, 'max_score': 198.931, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4198931.jpg'}], 'start': 0.563, 'title': 'R programming and rstudio setup', 'summary': 'Covers a tutorial on r programming including core syntax, rstudio, plotting, complex calculations, and loading libraries. additionally, it details installing r on windows and setting up rstudio, emphasizing the free version and configuring the dark theme for an improved user experience.', 'chapters': [{'end': 51.106, 'start': 0.563, 'title': 'R programming tutorial', 'summary': 'Introduces a tutorial on r programming covering core syntax, rstudio, plotting, complex calculations, and loading libraries, with timestamps for individual parts and platform compatibility.', 'duration': 50.543, 'highlights': ['The tutorial covers the core syntax of the R programming language, widely considered the best language for statistical programming.', 'It also includes instructions on using RStudio, making complex calculations, and loading libraries.', 'Viewers can find timestamps for individual parts of the video in the description, enabling them to watch specific sections and return to the video later.', 'The content is platform agnostic and works the same way on Mac OS, Linux, or Windows.']}, {'end': 90.239, 'start': 51.106, 'title': 'Installing r on windows', 'summary': 'Details the process of installing r on windows, including selecting the installation options and default settings, and creating shortcuts and desktop icons.', 'duration': 39.133, 'highlights': ['The process involves clicking on the R installation link, selecting the appropriate options, and accepting default settings, with the wizard guiding through the installation steps.', 'Selecting the language for installation and creating shortcuts and desktop icons are part of the installation process.']}, {'end': 239.439, 'start': 90.299, 'title': 'Installing and setting up rstudio', 'summary': 'Details the process of downloading and installing rstudio, setting up the working directory, and customizing the appearance, with emphasis on using the free version and configuring the dark theme, resulting in an improved user experience.', 'duration': 149.14, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates the process of downloading and installing RStudio, emphasizing the use of the free version, resulting in a cost-effective setup.', 'It explains the process of setting up the working directory in RStudio, enhancing organization and efficiency in file management.', "The tutorial highlights the customization of RStudio's appearance, particularly the adjustment of font size and selection of a dark theme, contributing to improved readability and visual comfort.", 'It describes the steps for changing the working directory in RStudio, enhancing the efficiency of file access and management within the software.']}], 'duration': 238.876, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4563.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial covers the core syntax of the R programming language, widely considered the best language for statistical programming.', 'The content is platform agnostic and works the same way on Mac OS, Linux, or Windows.', 'The chapter demonstrates the process of downloading and installing RStudio, emphasizing the use of the free version, resulting in a cost-effective setup.', 'It explains the process of setting up the working directory in RStudio, enhancing organization and efficiency in file management.', "The tutorial highlights the customization of RStudio's appearance, particularly the adjustment of font size and selection of a dark theme, contributing to improved readability and visual comfort.", 'The process involves clicking on the R installation link, selecting the appropriate options, and accepting default settings, with the wizard guiding through the installation steps.', 'Selecting the language for installation and creating shortcuts and desktop icons are part of the installation process.', 'Viewers can find timestamps for individual parts of the video in the description, enabling them to watch specific sections and return to the video later.']}, {'end': 537.507, 'segs': [{'end': 282.681, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 258.326, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 264.508, 'text': "I'm going to explain everything in massive detail, but I just wanted to show you an exciting example to start everything off.", 'start': 258.326, 'duration': 6.182}, {'end': 268.329, 'text': 'So here is the directory that I am going to be putting all my files in.', 'start': 264.668, 'duration': 3.661}, {'end': 277.511, 'text': 'And what I have here are some data files, which are just basic text file in which all the pieces of data are going to be divided up with spaces.', 'start': 268.549, 'duration': 8.962}, {'end': 282.681, 'text': 'Here, for example, is a whole bunch of data in regards to Major League Baseball players.', 'start': 277.895, 'duration': 4.786}], 'summary': 'Example of organizing data for major league baseball players.', 'duration': 24.355, 'max_score': 258.326, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4258326.jpg'}, {'end': 521.296, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 494.57, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 500.195, 'text': "And then I can define a main title for my plot that I'm going to create.", 'start': 494.57, 'duration': 5.625}, {'end': 503.758, 'text': 'And this is going to be RBIs and average.', 'start': 500.355, 'duration': 3.403}, {'end': 505.32, 'text': "Okay, so that's what we're going to look for.", 'start': 503.898, 'duration': 1.422}, {'end': 510.805, 'text': 'And then to actually create the whole thing, I just go div and off.', 'start': 505.62, 'duration': 5.185}, {'end': 511.85, 'text': 'And there we go.', 'start': 511.129, 'duration': 0.721}, {'end': 516.173, 'text': 'And to run this guy, I can just go and select everything here and click on Run.', 'start': 512.09, 'duration': 4.083}, {'end': 518.634, 'text': "And I didn't get any errors, so that should have worked.", 'start': 516.613, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 521.296, 'text': "I'm going to go to my file, my working directory.", 'start': 518.693, 'duration': 2.603}], 'summary': 'Creating a plot for rbis and average, no errors encountered.', 'duration': 26.726, 'max_score': 494.57, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4494570.jpg'}], 'start': 240.066, 'title': 'Data visualization in r', 'summary': 'Discusses loading and working with data in r, creating a scatter plot to analyze the relationship between rbis and average in baseball, and generating a ping file representing the scatter plot.', 'chapters': [{'end': 316.651, 'start': 240.066, 'title': 'Creating scatter plot with mlb data', 'summary': 'Provides an example of creating a scatter plot using major league baseball player data, explaining the process of loading and working with the data in detail.', 'duration': 76.585, 'highlights': ['The tutorial explains the process of creating a scatter plot using Major League Baseball player data. Demonstrates the use of Major League Baseball player data to create a scatter plot.', 'The process of loading and working with the data is explained in detail. Details the process of loading and working with Major League Baseball player data in the program.', "The use of 'Read and Table' function and 'File Choose' dialog to load the data is demonstrated. Shows the use of 'Read and Table' function and 'File Choose' dialog to load the specific data file."]}, {'end': 537.507, 'start': 317.071, 'title': 'Data visualization in r', 'summary': 'Discusses loading and working with data in r, creating a scatter plot to analyze the relationship between rbis and average in baseball, and generating a ping file representing the scatter plot.', 'duration': 220.436, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the process of loading and working with data in R, focusing on representing non-applicable data with a back quote and using strings as factors.', 'The author demonstrates the creation of a scatter plot in R to analyze the impact of average on RBIs in baseball, using player data from a table and defining labels and titles for the plot.', 'The process of creating a ping file to represent the scatter plot is outlined, showcasing the simplicity of generating the file in R.', 'The author highlights the selection of specific data from a table using vectors and the creation of a plot in R, emphasizing the use of player data for RBIs and average as the X and Y axes.', 'The chapter concludes by detailing the process of specifying the working directory and selecting the data file for analysis in R, ensuring a smooth execution without errors.']}], 'duration': 297.441, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4240066.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial explains the process of creating a scatter plot using Major League Baseball player data.', 'The process of loading and working with the data is explained in detail.', "The use of 'Read and Table' function and 'File Choose' dialog to load the data is demonstrated.", 'The author demonstrates the creation of a scatter plot in R to analyze the impact of average on RBIs in baseball, using player data from a table and defining labels and titles for the plot.', 'The process of creating a ping file to represent the scatter plot is outlined, showcasing the simplicity of generating the file in R.', 'The chapter concludes by detailing the process of specifying the working directory and selecting the data file for analysis in R, ensuring a smooth execution without errors.']}, {'end': 1315.126, 'segs': [{'end': 602.434, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 576.589, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 581.234, 'text': "Now, there's different ways of naming variables inside of R.", 'start': 576.589, 'duration': 4.645}, {'end': 589.702, 'text': "You're very likely to see things like my and num like that with a period separating the different parts of the variable name.", 'start': 581.234, 'duration': 8.468}, {'end': 595.928, 'text': "But I'm an old C guy that likes to use camel case, so I'm going to use this style and just be aware that you can do anything else.", 'start': 589.882, 'duration': 6.046}, {'end': 602.434, 'text': 'Now, in regards to assignment, you can either use equals like you see everywhere else, or you can use an arrow tool.', 'start': 596.368, 'duration': 6.066}], 'summary': 'Different variable naming styles in r, can use equals or arrow for assignment.', 'duration': 25.845, 'max_score': 576.589, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4576589.jpg'}, {'end': 747.856, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 723.946, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 733.161, 'text': 'so say 1 plus 4i could also have character data types, So you can just throw a random string inside of there.', 'start': 723.946, 'duration': 9.215}, {'end': 737.225, 'text': 'Whoops, make sure that you fill this out, right? Sample, there we go.', 'start': 733.321, 'duration': 3.904}, {'end': 745.994, 'text': "Or what is called a raw, which in this situation we'll use a character and then just convert it into raw bytes just to show you what that looks like.", 'start': 737.626, 'duration': 8.368}, {'end': 747.856, 'text': 'So character to raw.', 'start': 746.214, 'duration': 1.642}], 'summary': 'Demonstrated conversion from character to raw bytes in programming.', 'duration': 23.91, 'max_score': 723.946, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4723946.jpg'}, {'end': 981.409, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 952.145, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 954.708, 'text': "And if we run it, you're going to see length shows up down there.", 'start': 952.145, 'duration': 2.563}, {'end': 961.435, 'text': "We're also going to be able to come in and get the last value stored inside of our vector by going length.", 'start': 955.008, 'duration': 6.427}, {'end': 963.317, 'text': 'and numbers.', 'start': 962.296, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 966.939, 'text': 'since everything is one based and there you see, it comes back as eight,', 'start': 963.317, 'duration': 3.622}, {'end': 973.644, 'text': "we're going to be able to get everything but a specific index by just putting a negative in front of what we do not want to get.", 'start': 966.939, 'duration': 6.705}, {'end': 979.247, 'text': "so we can say numbers and let's say we don't want the very first one, we go negative one, Run that.", 'start': 973.644, 'duration': 5.603}, {'end': 981.409, 'text': 'You can see that 2018 comes back.', 'start': 979.287, 'duration': 2.122}], 'summary': 'The vector contains 8 elements, with 2018 as the last value.', 'duration': 29.264, 'max_score': 952.145, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4952145.jpg'}, {'end': 1043.083, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1015.025, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1019.02, 'text': "So let's say I want to replace what's ever in the fifth index with one.", 'start': 1015.025, 'duration': 3.995}, {'end': 1020.261, 'text': "That's how that's done.", 'start': 1019.3, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 1023.825, 'text': "You'd also be able to replace multiples using the same values.", 'start': 1020.541, 'duration': 3.284}, {'end': 1030.853, 'text': 'So we could say numbers and then just place a vector inside of here that is going to explain what you want to replace.', 'start': 1023.925, 'duration': 6.928}, {'end': 1032.615, 'text': "So let's say four and five.", 'start': 1030.913, 'duration': 1.702}, {'end': 1034.678, 'text': 'We want those to have the value of two.', 'start': 1032.976, 'duration': 1.702}, {'end': 1039.119, 'text': 'And we can call numbers here just to check all the different changes that we have.', 'start': 1035.317, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 1040.681, 'text': 'And we can highlight and run it.', 'start': 1039.42, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 1043.083, 'text': "And you're going to see right there the changes have been made.", 'start': 1040.82, 'duration': 2.263}], 'summary': 'Demonstrates replacing elements in a vector using r, showcasing the replacement of elements at specific indices with specific values.', 'duration': 28.058, 'max_score': 1015.025, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q41015025.jpg'}], 'start': 537.847, 'title': 'R data plotting, variable naming, and arithmetic operators in r', 'summary': 'Covers data plotting, variable naming conventions, arithmetic operators including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, exponentiation, working with vectors, and relational operators for equality, not equal to, greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than and equal to.', 'chapters': [{'end': 812.582, 'start': 537.847, 'title': 'R data plotting and variable naming in r', 'summary': 'Covers data plotting using r and variable naming conventions in r, including different types of data and how to check and convert data types in r.', 'duration': 274.735, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers data plotting using R and variable naming conventions in R Discusses how to plot data using R and explains variable naming conventions in R.', 'Different types of data and how to check and convert data types in R Explains the different types of data that can be stored in R, such as numeric, integer, boolean, complex, character, and raw, and how to check and convert data types in R.', 'Variable naming conventions in R Explains the different ways of naming variables in R, including the use of periods, camel case, and different methods of assignment.']}, {'end': 1315.126, 'start': 812.802, 'title': 'Arithmetic operators, vectors, and relational operators', 'summary': 'Covers a quick rundown of arithmetic operators including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, exponentiation, then highlights working with vectors such as creating, accessing, modifying, sorting, and generating sequences, and finally explores relational operators to check for equality, not equal to, greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than and equal to.', 'duration': 502.324, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers a quick rundown of arithmetic operators including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, and exponentiation.', 'Highlights working with vectors such as creating, accessing, modifying, sorting, and generating sequences.', 'Explores relational operators to check for equality, not equal to, greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than and equal to.']}], 'duration': 777.279, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q4537847.jpg', 'highlights': ['Covers data plotting using R and variable naming conventions in R.', 'Different types of data and how to check and convert data types in R.', 'Variable naming conventions in R including the use of periods, camel case, and different methods of assignment.', 'Quick rundown of arithmetic operators including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, and exponentiation.', 'Working with vectors such as creating, accessing, modifying, sorting, and generating sequences.', 'Exploration of relational operators to check for equality, not equal to, greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than and equal to.']}, {'end': 1927.285, 'segs': [{'end': 1500.049, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1468.229, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1479.413, 'text': "so we're gonna say if they got an a, we're gonna say that that is great, and if they got a B, we're gonna say that that is good.", 'start': 1468.229, 'duration': 11.184}, {'end': 1486.398, 'text': "and If they got a C, we'll say that that is okay.", 'start': 1479.413, 'duration': 6.985}, {'end': 1492.283, 'text': 'And then as you can tell, or as you can guess, whatever comes after the equal sign is what gets executed.', 'start': 1486.498, 'duration': 5.785}, {'end': 1500.049, 'text': 'And we could say if they get a D, that that is going to print out on the screen bad.', 'start': 1492.944, 'duration': 7.105}], 'summary': 'Using if-else statements to evaluate grades and provide corresponding feedback.', 'duration': 31.82, 'max_score': 1468.229, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q41468229.jpg'}, {'end': 1697.971, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1647.347, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1652.57, 'text': "You go substring and we'll go, we'll provide the string.", 'start': 1647.347, 'duration': 5.223}, {'end': 1656.732, 'text': 'that we want to remove from, and then we will say where do we want to start?', 'start': 1652.97, 'duration': 3.762}, {'end': 1659.313, 'text': 'and remember, this is going to be one indexed.', 'start': 1656.732, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 1670.497, 'text': "so we'll say we want to start at the fourth index and stop at the seventh index and we can see that bear comes back.", 'start': 1659.313, 'duration': 11.184}, {'end': 1672.858, 'text': 'if we do that, and what else can we do?', 'start': 1670.497, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 1679.661, 'text': "we could substitute one string for another string just by using sub, and we can go the pattern we're looking for.", 'start': 1672.858, 'duration': 6.803}, {'end': 1683.563, 'text': "We could get involved with reg x, but I'm not going to do that right now.", 'start': 1679.721, 'duration': 3.842}, {'end': 1687.005, 'text': 'And we define what we want the replacement to be.', 'start': 1684.043, 'duration': 2.962}, {'end': 1693.528, 'text': 'So we could say something like a hawk bear instead of an owl bear, and x.', 'start': 1687.185, 'duration': 6.343}, {'end': 1696.51, 'text': "And we'll define the string that we want to work with.", 'start': 1693.528, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 1697.971, 'text': 'You can see we ran that.', 'start': 1696.95, 'duration': 1.021}], 'summary': 'The transcript discusses string manipulation, including substring extraction and replacement using python.', 'duration': 50.624, 'max_score': 1647.347, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q41647347.jpg'}], 'start': 1315.126, 'title': 'R decision making and string operations', 'summary': 'Covers decision making in r using if, else if, else, and switch statements, various string operations such as character counting, comparison, combining, removal, substitution, and splitting, and introduces factor objects and their features.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1375.887, 'start': 1315.126, 'title': 'Logical operators and output methods', 'summary': "Covers the use of relational operators and vectors to generate a list of even values, along with an introduction to logical operators and output methods using 'cat' to display information on the screen.", 'duration': 60.761, 'highlights': ['The use of relational operators and vectors to generate a list of even values.', 'Introduction to logical operators for evaluating true and false conditions.', "Demonstration of the 'cat' method for displaying information on the screen."]}, {'end': 1927.285, 'start': 1376.167, 'title': 'R decision making and string operations', 'summary': 'Explains decision making in r using if, else if, else, and switch statements, as well as various string operations including character counting, string comparison, combining, removal, substitution, and splitting. additionally, it introduces factor objects and their features.', 'duration': 551.118, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains decision making in R using if, else if, else, and switch statements, with examples of age-based conditions and grading. It demonstrates using if, else if, else, and switch statements for decision making, such as age-based conditions for driving and voting, and grading based on different scenarios.', 'The tutorial covers various string operations including character counting, string comparison, combining, removal, substitution, and splitting. It includes examples of character counting, string comparison, combining, removal, substitution, and splitting, providing a comprehensive overview of string operations in R.', 'Introduction to factor objects, illustrating their usage and features such as removing duplications, defining levels, and ordering. It introduces factor objects and demonstrates their usage, including removing duplications, defining levels, and ordering for comparisons, providing insights into factor objects and their features.']}], 'duration': 612.159, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q41315126.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter explains decision making in R using if, else if, else, and switch statements, with examples of age-based conditions and grading.', 'Introduction to factor objects, illustrating their usage and features such as removing duplications, defining levels, and ordering.', 'The tutorial covers various string operations including character counting, string comparison, combining, removal, substitution, and splitting.']}, {'end': 2794.258, 'segs': [{'end': 1958.529, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1927.585, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1932.086, 'text': "OK? So that's just playing around with factors and a couple of different things we can do with those.", 'start': 1927.585, 'duration': 4.501}, {'end': 1934.987, 'text': "And now we're starting to get into some interesting things.", 'start': 1932.527, 'duration': 2.46}, {'end': 1936.628, 'text': "I'm going to start talking about DataFrames.", 'start': 1935.007, 'duration': 1.621}, {'end': 1941.27, 'text': 'Now whenever I did my baseball analysis I talked about data frames.', 'start': 1937.284, 'duration': 3.986}, {'end': 1948.422, 'text': 'Basically a data frame is a table which contains any type of data as well as an equal amount of data in each column.', 'start': 1941.33, 'duration': 7.092}, {'end': 1952.488, 'text': 'So everything has to all contain information of some sort or another.', 'start': 1948.542, 'duration': 3.946}, {'end': 1958.529, 'text': 'And with a data frame, each row is going to be called a record, and each column is going to be called a variable.', 'start': 1953.007, 'duration': 5.522}], 'summary': 'Introduction to dataframes and their structure in data analysis.', 'duration': 30.944, 'max_score': 1927.585, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q41927585.jpg'}, {'end': 2512.814, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2482.828, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2486.852, 'text': 'that right there by putting nothing inside of there, and you get one and two.', 'start': 2482.828, 'duration': 4.024}, {'end': 2496.18, 'text': 'you can get a whole column in exactly the opposite way by putting a comma with nothing and then two, and there you see, you got that.', 'start': 2486.852, 'duration': 9.328}, {'end': 2499.022, 'text': 'you can combine vectors to make matrix.', 'start': 2496.18, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 2512.814, 'text': "so let's create a new one, and you do that with our binds row, bind and Just go 1 through 3, 4 through 6, and 7 through 9, and run it.", 'start': 2499.022, 'duration': 13.792}], 'summary': 'Combining vectors to form a matrix using r programming.', 'duration': 29.986, 'max_score': 2482.828, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q42482828.jpg'}, {'end': 2749.538, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2722.8, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2726.122, 'text': 'And another thing to note is you can put default values inside of here.', 'start': 2722.8, 'duration': 3.322}, {'end': 2730.305, 'text': 'So inside of here, if you want there to be default values, you just stick them inside of there.', 'start': 2726.302, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 2735.528, 'text': "And then what you'd be able to do is say, come in here and go num1 minus num2.", 'start': 2730.505, 'duration': 5.023}, {'end': 2739.571, 'text': "And that's going to automatically be returned whenever that is called.", 'start': 2736.129, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 2743.634, 'text': "So let's just change this to negative and change this to get difference.", 'start': 2739.591, 'duration': 4.043}, {'end': 2744.914, 'text': 'And there we go.', 'start': 2744.134, 'duration': 0.78}, {'end': 2745.995, 'text': 'And there we go.', 'start': 2744.935, 'duration': 1.06}, {'end': 2746.956, 'text': 'And there we are.', 'start': 2746.175, 'duration': 0.781}, {'end': 2747.636, 'text': 'And run it.', 'start': 2747.096, 'duration': 0.54}, {'end': 2748.617, 'text': 'And you can see it works.', 'start': 2747.756, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 2749.538, 'text': 'all right.', 'start': 2748.997, 'duration': 0.541}], 'summary': 'Explaining how to set default values and return results in a program.', 'duration': 26.738, 'max_score': 2722.8, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q42722800.jpg'}], 'start': 1927.585, 'title': 'Dataframes, looping, matrices, and functions', 'summary': 'Introduces dataframes, their manipulation, looping in r with repeat, while, and for loops, matrices, multidimensional arrays, and functions including returning multiple values in a list.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2157.459, 'start': 1927.585, 'title': 'Dataframes and manipulation', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of dataframes, detailing their structure and how to manipulate them, including adding new records and columns, accessing specific data, and filtering based on certain conditions. it also mentions the upcoming examples using dataframes and the transition to discussing looping.', 'duration': 229.874, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of DataFrames, detailing their structure and how to manipulate them, including adding new records and columns, accessing specific data, and filtering based on certain conditions (e.g., checking if customers owe money).', 'An example of creating a customer data frame is provided, with specific customer names and ages, and the structure of rows as records and columns as variables is explained, emphasizing the equal amount of data in each column.', 'The demonstration includes adding a new record for a customer named Mark, altering the data frame by adding a new column to represent debt, and utilizing functions like rbind and cbind to modify the data frame easily.']}, {'end': 2794.258, 'start': 2157.739, 'title': 'Introduction to looping, matrices, and functions in r', 'summary': 'Covers the basics of looping in r including repeat, while, and for loops, followed by an introduction to matrices and multidimensional arrays, and concludes with an explanation of functions in r, including the ability to return multiple values in a list.', 'duration': 636.519, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the basics of looping in R including repeat, while, and for loops. It explains how the repeat loop repeats until a condition is met and demonstrates the while loop to cycle through information and print only odd values.', 'An introduction to matrices and multidimensional arrays in R is provided. It demonstrates creating matrices with defined rows and columns, filling rows and columns, getting dimensions, and combining vectors to make a matrix.', 'The chapter concludes with an explanation of functions in R, including the ability to return multiple values in a list. It showcases creating and calling functions, handling default values, and returning multiple values in a list using a function.']}], 'duration': 866.673, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q41927585.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of DataFrames, detailing their structure and manipulation.', 'An example of creating a customer data frame is provided, emphasizing the equal amount of data in each column.', 'The demonstration includes adding a new record for a customer named Mark and utilizing functions like rbind and cbind to modify the data frame.', 'The chapter covers the basics of looping in R including repeat, while, and for loops.', 'An introduction to matrices and multidimensional arrays in R is provided, demonstrating their creation and manipulation.', 'The chapter concludes with an explanation of functions in R, including the ability to return multiple values in a list.']}, {'end': 3435.232, 'segs': [{'end': 2943.134, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2916.677, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2922.18, 'text': "Anything I'm forgetting? Well, let's do something a little bit more advanced.", 'start': 2916.677, 'duration': 5.503}, {'end': 2927.023, 'text': 'We can create what are called disposable or anonymous functions.', 'start': 2922.3, 'duration': 4.723}, {'end': 2929.285, 'text': "And they're really great for quick operations.", 'start': 2927.263, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 2931.646, 'text': "Like let's say we wanted to double everything in a list.", 'start': 2929.385, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 2938.091, 'text': "So we'll create number list is equal to 1 through 10.", 'start': 2931.746, 'duration': 6.345}, {'end': 2943.134, 'text': 'And we want to create a double list, which is going to double every single thing inside of there.', 'start': 2938.091, 'duration': 5.043}], 'summary': 'Introduction to creating disposable functions for quick operations', 'duration': 26.457, 'max_score': 2916.677, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q42916677.jpg'}, {'end': 3015.393, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2985.715, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2988.076, 'text': 'And then we can create the function inside of here.', 'start': 2985.715, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 2992.118, 'text': 'So X, and this is kind of cool.', 'start': 2988.377, 'duration': 3.741}, {'end': 3003.644, 'text': 'And then we can go X to the power of that, this, and then outside of it, we could do something like cubed is equal to the power of three.', 'start': 2992.138, 'duration': 11.506}, {'end': 3006.866, 'text': 'And then we could just go cubed and two.', 'start': 3003.964, 'duration': 2.902}, {'end': 3015.393, 'text': 'And we could also go cubed and one colon five like that and run it.', 'start': 3007.828, 'duration': 7.565}], 'summary': 'Creating a function to calculate powers and applying it to various numbers and ranges.', 'duration': 29.678, 'max_score': 2985.715, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q42985715.jpg'}, {'end': 3326.685, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3297.533, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3298.874, 'text': 'Just a bunch of random people.', 'start': 3297.533, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 3299.814, 'text': 'I do not know.', 'start': 3299.014, 'duration': 0.8}, {'end': 3301.715, 'text': "Let's say you wanted to add a person.", 'start': 3300.054, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 3304.376, 'text': "Well, we did this already, but let's do it again.", 'start': 3301.795, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 3305.516, 'text': 'Just to prove that it works.', 'start': 3304.596, 'duration': 0.92}, {'end': 3307.939, 'text': 'And this is a data frame, of course.', 'start': 3306.198, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 3309.959, 'text': "So I'm going to go data frame.", 'start': 3308.359, 'duration': 1.6}, {'end': 3312.46, 'text': 'And then I just put in the information.', 'start': 3310.299, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 3316.421, 'text': 'So I have first name is equal to.', 'start': 3312.56, 'duration': 3.861}, {'end': 3319.102, 'text': "And I'll just pick a person's name at random.", 'start': 3316.441, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 3321.123, 'text': "Let's say we want to call her Donna.", 'start': 3319.362, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 3326.685, 'text': 'And then we want to give her the last name of, say, Hayward.', 'start': 3321.623, 'duration': 5.062}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating adding a person to a data frame with random names like donna and hayward.', 'duration': 29.152, 'max_score': 3297.533, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q43297533.jpg'}, {'end': 3406.749, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3374.382, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3385.371, 'text': "So we can say my people and seven and two is equal to, and let's say his name is Marks.", 'start': 3374.382, 'duration': 10.989}, {'end': 3386.412, 'text': "I don't know.", 'start': 3385.912, 'duration': 0.5}, {'end': 3387.313, 'text': 'There we are.', 'start': 3386.652, 'duration': 0.661}, {'end': 3389.575, 'text': 'And then we can update the file.', 'start': 3387.673, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 3400.944, 'text': 'And how we do that, we just go write and table, and the data frame we want to work with, which is my people, and the file that we want to save to.', 'start': 3390.035, 'duration': 10.909}, {'end': 3406.749, 'text': "Let's be lazy and we'll go file, choose again, because that is easy to do.", 'start': 3401.484, 'duration': 5.265}], 'summary': "Using the 'my people' data frame and 'marks', we update the file with ease.", 'duration': 32.367, 'max_score': 3374.382, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q43374382.jpg'}], 'start': 2794.378, 'title': 'Python function handling and event handlers', 'summary': 'Covers handling missing arguments in python functions using if-else conditions, returning default values, and event handling with variable arguments, anonymous functions, closures, and file operations in python.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2846.025, 'start': 2794.378, 'title': 'Handling missing arguments in python functions', 'summary': 'Explains how to handle missing arguments in python functions by using if-else conditions and returning default values instead of triggering errors, providing a more robust and user-friendly experience.', 'duration': 51.647, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates receiving multiple return values as a list, allowing for flexible function output.', 'It explains the approach to handle missing arguments in functions by using if-else conditions and returning default values, ensuring a user-friendly experience.', 'The transcript illustrates the usage of if-else conditions to differentiate between missing and provided arguments, enhancing the robustness of the function handling.', 'It emphasizes the importance of returning default values instead of triggering errors, promoting a user-friendly behavior.']}, {'end': 3435.232, 'start': 2846.045, 'title': 'Event handlers and functions in python', 'summary': 'Covers event handling, accepting a variable number of arguments, anonymous functions, closures, storing functions in lists, and exception handling, as well as reading and writing files in python.', 'duration': 589.187, 'highlights': ['Event handling and accepting a variable number of arguments Covers accepting a variable number of arguments and demonstrating event handling to perform operations on the passed arguments.', 'Anonymous functions and closures Explains the creation and usage of anonymous functions for quick operations and closures for creating functions within functions.', 'Storing functions in lists Demonstrates the ability to store functions in lists and utilize them for various operations.', 'Exception handling Discusses the use of exception handling to gracefully handle errors, including an example of handling division with string error.', 'Reading and writing files in Python Describes the process of reading data from a text file into a data frame and demonstrates adding, updating, and saving records in the file.']}], 'duration': 640.854, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q42794378.jpg', 'highlights': ['Covers accepting a variable number of arguments and demonstrating event handling to perform operations on the passed arguments.', 'Describes the process of reading data from a text file into a data frame and demonstrates adding, updating, and saving records in the file.', 'Explains the creation and usage of anonymous functions for quick operations and closures for creating functions within functions.', 'Demonstrates the ability to store functions in lists and utilize them for various operations.', 'The chapter demonstrates receiving multiple return values as a list, allowing for flexible function output.']}, {'end': 4320.18, 'segs': [{'end': 3529.261, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3483.018, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3483.979, 'text': "That's what head does.", 'start': 3483.018, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 3485.04, 'text': 'So three.', 'start': 3484.339, 'duration': 0.701}, {'end': 3489.283, 'text': "That's going to get us the first three of the files for people.", 'start': 3485.06, 'duration': 4.223}, {'end': 3490.063, 'text': 'There they are.', 'start': 3489.603, 'duration': 0.46}, {'end': 3496.928, 'text': 'And tail is going to get us what remains afterwards after we get those out of there.', 'start': 3490.543, 'duration': 6.385}, {'end': 3499.57, 'text': 'And we can just put tail inside of there and run.', 'start': 3497.228, 'duration': 2.342}, {'end': 3502.272, 'text': 'And you can see those are the other ones.', 'start': 3499.59, 'duration': 2.682}, {'end': 3503.172, 'text': 'All right.', 'start': 3502.652, 'duration': 0.52}, {'end': 3504.233, 'text': 'So there we go.', 'start': 3503.252, 'duration': 0.981}, {'end': 3508.156, 'text': 'We can read and write files and work with records and all kinds of stuff.', 'start': 3504.293, 'duration': 3.863}, {'end': 3510.858, 'text': "And now I'm going to introduce basic plotting.", 'start': 3508.396, 'duration': 2.462}, {'end': 3514.879, 'text': 'Now R is going to provide right out of the box great plotting tools.', 'start': 3511.118, 'duration': 3.761}, {'end': 3519.059, 'text': "So let's say I want to plot X and Y coordinates from a matrix.", 'start': 3515.159, 'duration': 3.9}, {'end': 3529.261, 'text': "I'm going to go XY1 is equal to matrix and the first five are going to represent X and the second five are going to represent Y.", 'start': 3519.74, 'duration': 9.521}], 'summary': 'Introduction to file manipulation and basic plotting in r.', 'duration': 46.243, 'max_score': 3483.018, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q43483018.jpg'}, {'end': 3623.445, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3594.531, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3596.692, 'text': 'This is going to get incrementally more complex.', 'start': 3594.531, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 3600.654, 'text': "And it'll change this to y2.", 'start': 3597.993, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 3607.916, 'text': 'And then we are going to just draw a simple line without using dots.', 'start': 3601.474, 'duration': 6.442}, {'end': 3609.877, 'text': 'And how we do that is we go.', 'start': 3608.236, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 3619.442, 'text': "x and 2 and y and 2 and if you just want a line you type Type is equal to, and that's an L, it's not a 1.", 'start': 3610.684, 'duration': 8.758}, {'end': 3623.445, 'text': "Alright, and we'll run it, and you can see now it's a line.", 'start': 3619.442, 'duration': 4.003}], 'summary': 'Incrementally complex code changed to y2, drawing a simple line without using dots.', 'duration': 28.914, 'max_score': 3594.531, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q43594531.jpg'}, {'end': 4034.916, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4009.63, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4016.432, 'text': 'Waiting time between eruptions and the duration of eruption for the Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA.', 'start': 4009.63, 'duration': 6.802}, {'end': 4018.332, 'text': "There's all kinds of data built in.", 'start': 4016.452, 'duration': 1.88}, {'end': 4022.053, 'text': 'Fun little ways to explore and work with all this data.', 'start': 4018.532, 'duration': 3.521}, {'end': 4023.553, 'text': 'So, or in general.', 'start': 4022.133, 'duration': 1.42}, {'end': 4024.633, 'text': 'Okay, so we got that.', 'start': 4023.793, 'duration': 0.84}, {'end': 4029.214, 'text': "Now what we want to do is let's say we want to highlight eruptions with a waiting time greater than four.", 'start': 4024.913, 'duration': 4.301}, {'end': 4034.916, 'text': "How would we do that? Well, we could go eruptions four is equal to And we'll go with.", 'start': 4029.294, 'duration': 5.622}], 'summary': 'Analyzing old faithful geyser data for eruption duration and waiting time.', 'duration': 25.286, 'max_score': 4009.63, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q44009630.jpg'}], 'start': 3435.232, 'title': 'File handling in python and basic plotting in r', 'summary': 'Covers reading and writing files in python, using head and tail to extract records, and introduces basic plotting in r, covering x and y coordinate plotting, drawing lines, points, and arrows, adding titles, labels, and color, highlighting eruptions with waiting time greater than four, and demonstrating math functions and operations on vectors.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3508.156, 'start': 3435.232, 'title': 'Reading and writing files in python', 'summary': 'Explains how to read and write files in python, demonstrating the use of head and tail to extract a specified number of records from a data frame.', 'duration': 72.924, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers reading and writing files in Python, including a demonstration of using head and tail to extract specific records from a data frame.', 'The speaker demonstrates the process of reading and writing files in Python, including a demonstration of using head to extract the first three records from a data frame.', 'The transcript also covers the use of tail to extract the remaining records from a data frame after using head to extract the initial ones.']}, {'end': 4320.18, 'start': 3508.396, 'title': 'Basic plotting in r', 'summary': 'Introduces basic plotting in r, covering the plotting of x and y coordinates, drawing lines, points, and arrows, adding titles, labels, and color, as well as highlighting eruptions with a waiting time greater than four, and demonstrating various math functions and operations on vectors.', 'duration': 811.784, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the plotting of X and Y coordinates, drawing lines, points, and arrows, adding titles, labels, and color. The chapter provides step-by-step instructions on plotting X and Y coordinates, drawing lines, points, and arrows, and adding titles, labels, and color to the plots.', 'Highlighting eruptions with a waiting time greater than four and drawing specific points to make them red. Demonstrates the selection and highlighting of eruptions with a waiting time greater than four, and drawing specific points in red to distinguish them on the plot.', "Demonstrating various math functions and operations on vectors, including finding the square root, power, Euler's number, sum, mean, median, minimum, maximum, rounding, cumulative sum, product, max, and min, and generating random samples. The chapter showcases various math functions and operations on vectors, such as finding the square root, power, Euler's number, sum, mean, median, minimum, maximum, rounding, cumulative sum, product, max, and min, as well as generating random samples."]}], 'duration': 884.948, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q43435232.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter covers reading and writing files in Python, including a demonstration of using head and tail to extract specific records from a data frame.', 'The chapter provides step-by-step instructions on plotting X and Y coordinates, drawing lines, points, and arrows, and adding titles, labels, and color to the plots.', 'Demonstrates the selection and highlighting of eruptions with a waiting time greater than four, and drawing specific points in red to distinguish them on the plot.', "The chapter showcases various math functions and operations on vectors, such as finding the square root, power, Euler's number, sum, mean, median, minimum, maximum, rounding, cumulative sum, product, max, and min, as well as generating random samples."]}, {'end': 5020.812, 'segs': [{'end': 4361.91, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4339.548, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4347.416, 'text': "Alright, so with pie charts, what I'm going to do here is, I'm going to do like a food preferences in a cafeteria full of kids.", 'start': 4339.548, 'duration': 7.868}, {'end': 4355.323, 'text': 'So what this is going to represent is first the percentages of what the kids say they want to eat,', 'start': 4347.476, 'duration': 7.847}, {'end': 4361.91, 'text': 'and then the next one is going to represent the labels that are directly tied to said foods.', 'start': 4355.323, 'duration': 6.587}], 'summary': 'Analyzing food preferences in a cafeteria using pie charts with percentages and labels.', 'duration': 22.362, 'max_score': 4339.548, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q44339548.jpg'}, {'end': 4424.765, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4395.64, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4396.901, 'text': 'Okay, so we got all those.', 'start': 4395.64, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 4400.984, 'text': 'So we got the percentages and the labels associated with those.', 'start': 4396.921, 'duration': 4.063}, {'end': 4407.208, 'text': 'Now, if we want to write to a ping file to save our pie chart,', 'start': 4401.384, 'duration': 5.824}, {'end': 4416.695, 'text': "we just go ping and file is going to be equal to and I'm going to call this child food preference and it's going to be a ping file.", 'start': 4407.208, 'duration': 9.487}, {'end': 4424.765, 'text': 'Then what we can do is we can define our colors for our pie chart by calling rainbow and just get a whole bunch of random ones.', 'start': 4416.915, 'duration': 7.85}], 'summary': 'Creating a pie chart with child food preferences and defining colors using rainbow.', 'duration': 29.125, 'max_score': 4395.64, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q44395640.jpg'}, {'end': 4623.386, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4594.177, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4594.998, 'text': 'You know what that is.', 'start': 4594.177, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 4598.159, 'text': "And let's just go and 100% focus in.", 'start': 4595.458, 'duration': 2.701}, {'end': 4601.441, 'text': 'Oh, another thing we need to do is we need to load our library.', 'start': 4598.339, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 4602.802, 'text': 'that we downloaded.', 'start': 4601.781, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 4606.527, 'text': "so that's the library and it's plot, rix.", 'start': 4602.802, 'duration': 3.725}, {'end': 4608.67, 'text': 'so it was smart enough to know what i wanted.', 'start': 4606.527, 'duration': 2.143}, {'end': 4609.01, 'text': 'all right.', 'start': 4608.67, 'duration': 0.34}, {'end': 4614.877, 'text': "so i got both of those and it's going to create that file and to create the 3d pie chart.", 'start': 4609.01, 'duration': 5.867}, {'end': 4619.302, 'text': "up it's uppercase d, you're going to put food preferences just like before food.", 'start': 4614.877, 'duration': 4.425}, {'end': 4620.524, 'text': 'well, this is going to be.', 'start': 4619.302, 'duration': 1.222}, {'end': 4623.386, 'text': 'labels is equal to food labels.', 'start': 4620.524, 'duration': 2.862}], 'summary': 'Focused on loading library and creating 3d pie chart with food preferences.', 'duration': 29.209, 'max_score': 4594.177, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q44594177.jpg'}, {'end': 4833.395, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4798.51, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4799.671, 'text': "I'm not covering them all.", 'start': 4798.51, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 4808.68, 'text': 'I mean, if you guys want to see more tutorials in which I can do more examples and more cool things with R, just ask me in the comments below.', 'start': 4799.912, 'duration': 8.768}, {'end': 4811.262, 'text': "But I'm going to stick with this for right now.", 'start': 4808.88, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 4817.165, 'text': 'All right, so now what I want to do is I want to do another example covering something called regression analysis.', 'start': 4811.662, 'duration': 5.503}, {'end': 4824.029, 'text': 'OK, so regression analysis is used to study a relationship between two separate pieces of data.', 'start': 4817.445, 'duration': 6.584}, {'end': 4833.395, 'text': 'And what I want to do here is I want to look for a relation between batting averages and RBIs, this time using regression analysis.', 'start': 4824.049, 'duration': 9.346}], 'summary': 'The speaker plans to cover regression analysis with examples on batting averages and rbis in r tutorials.', 'duration': 34.885, 'max_score': 4798.51, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q44798510.jpg'}], 'start': 4320.18, 'title': 'Pie and 3d charts in python and r', 'summary': 'Covers creating pie charts in python to represent food preferences with the ability to save the chart and creating 3d pie charts, bar charts, and regression analysis using r, emphasizing visual representation and analysis.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4489.16, 'start': 4320.18, 'title': 'Pie chart creation in python', 'summary': 'Covers creating pie charts in python to represent food preferences in a cafeteria full of kids, using percentages and labels, with the ability to save the chart as a ping file and customize its appearance.', 'duration': 168.98, 'highlights': ['Creating pie charts to represent food preferences in a cafeteria full of kids using percentages and labels. The chapter explains the process of creating a pie chart in Python to display food preferences of kids in a cafeteria using percentages and labels tied to specific foods.', "Saving the pie chart as a ping file for future reference. The chapter demonstrates the capability to save the created pie chart as a ping file named 'child food preference' for future reference and use.", "Customizing the appearance of the pie chart by defining colors and adding a legend. The chapter illustrates the ability to define custom colors for the pie chart using the 'rainbow' function and adding a legend to the chart to provide context for the displayed data."]}, {'end': 5020.812, 'start': 4489.72, 'title': 'Creating 3d pie charts, bar charts, and regression analysis', 'summary': 'Demonstrates creating 3d pie charts, bar charts, and performing regression analysis using r programming language, providing practical examples and instructions for each process, emphasizing the visual representation of data and its analysis.', 'duration': 531.092, 'highlights': ['Creating 3D Pie Charts Details the process of creating 3D pie charts using R programming language, including installation of necessary packages, customization of chart attributes such as labels, explosion, and colors.', 'Creating Bar Charts Demonstrates the creation of bar charts, involving the adjustment of chart labels, axis labels, and color customization, providing a step-by-step guide to produce visual representations of data.', 'Regression Analysis Illustrates the process of performing regression analysis to study the relationship between batting averages and RBIs using R programming language, emphasizing the creation of a relationship model and visual representation through scatter plots.']}], 'duration': 700.632, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/s3FozVfd7q4/pics/s3FozVfd7q44320180.jpg', 'highlights': ['Creating pie charts to represent food preferences in a cafeteria using Python with percentages and labels.', 'Saving the pie chart as a ping file for future reference.', 'Customizing the appearance of the pie chart by defining colors and adding a legend.', 'Creating 3D pie charts using R programming language, including installation of necessary packages and customization of chart attributes.', 'Demonstrating the creation of bar charts with adjustments of chart labels, axis labels, and color customization.', 'Illustrating the process of performing regression analysis to study the relationship between batting averages and RBIs using R programming language.']}], 'highlights': ['The tutorial covers the core syntax of the R programming language, widely considered the best language for statistical programming.', 'The content is platform agnostic and works the same way on Mac OS, Linux, or Windows.', 'The chapter explains decision making in R using if, else if, else, and switch statements, with examples of age-based conditions and grading.', 'The chapter introduces the concept of DataFrames, detailing their structure and manipulation.', 'Covers accepting a variable number of arguments and demonstrating event handling to perform operations on the passed arguments.', 'Creating pie charts to represent food preferences in a cafeteria using Python with percentages and labels.', 'Creating 3D pie charts using R programming language, including installation of necessary packages and customization of chart attributes.']}