title
Learn Python - Full Course for Beginners [Tutorial]

description
This course will give you a full introduction into all of the core concepts in python. Follow along with the videos and you'll be a python programmer in no time! Click the ⚙️ to change to a dub track in Spanish, Arabic, or Portuguese, or Hindi. (Hindi dubbed via Melt Labs - https://www.withmelt.com/) Want more from Mike? He's starting a coding RPG/Bootcamp - https://simulator.dev/ ⭐️ Contents ⭐ ⌨️ (0:00) Introduction ⌨️ (1:45) Installing Python & PyCharm ⌨️ (6:40) Setup & Hello World ⌨️ (10:23) Drawing a Shape ⌨️ (15:06) Variables & Data Types ⌨️ (27:03) Working With Strings ⌨️ (38:18) Working With Numbers ⌨️ (48:26) Getting Input From Users ⌨️ (52:37) Building a Basic Calculator ⌨️ (58:27) Mad Libs Game ⌨️ (1:03:10) Lists ⌨️ (1:10:44) List Functions ⌨️ (1:18:57) Tuples ⌨️ (1:24:15) Functions ⌨️ (1:34:11) Return Statement ⌨️ (1:40:06) If Statements ⌨️ (1:54:07) If Statements & Comparisons ⌨️ (2:00:37) Building a better Calculator ⌨️ (2:07:17) Dictionaries ⌨️ (2:14:13) While Loop ⌨️ (2:20:21) Building a Guessing Game ⌨️ (2:32:44) For Loops ⌨️ (2:41:20) Exponent Function ⌨️ (2:47:13) 2D Lists & Nested Loops ⌨️ (2:52:41) Building a Translator ⌨️ (3:00:18) Comments ⌨️ (3:04:17) Try / Except ⌨️ (3:12:41) Reading Files ⌨️ (3:21:26) Writing to Files ⌨️ (3:28:13) Modules & Pip ⌨️ (3:43:56) Classes & Objects ⌨️ (3:57:37) Building a Multiple Choice Quiz ⌨️ (4:08:28) Object Functions ⌨️ (4:12:37) Inheritance ⌨️ (4:20:43) Python Interpreter Course developed by Mike Dane. Check out his YouTube channel for more great programming courses: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmINlrza7JHB1zkIOuXEbw 🐦Follow Mike on Twitter - https://twitter.com/mike_dane 🔗If you liked this video, Mike accepts donations on his website: https://www.mikedane.com/contribute/ ⭐️Other full courses by Mike Dane on our channel ⭐️ 💻C: https://youtu.be/KJgsSFOSQv0 💻C++: https://youtu.be/vLnPwxZdW4Y 💻SQL: https://youtu.be/HXV3zeQKqGY 💻Ruby: https://youtu.be/t_ispmWmdjY 💻PHP: https://youtu.be/OK_JCtrrv-c 💻C#: https://youtu.be/GhQdlIFylQ8 -- Learn to code for free and get a developer job: https://www.freecodecamp.org Read hundreds of articles on programming: https://medium.freecodecamp.org

detail
{'title': 'Learn Python - Full Course for Beginners [Tutorial]', 'heatmap': [{'end': 643.815, 'start': 477.217, 'weight': 0.873}, {'end': 1922.949, 'start': 1759.175, 'weight': 0.738}, {'end': 4646.456, 'start': 4323.439, 'weight': 0.75}, {'end': 9135.17, 'start': 8960.996, 'weight': 0.762}, {'end': 9610.1, 'start': 9446.289, 'weight': 0.703}, {'end': 11690.183, 'start': 11524.293, 'weight': 0.71}, {'end': 12652.134, 'start': 12484.104, 'weight': 0.709}, {'end': 13295.368, 'start': 13129.807, 'weight': 0.731}, {'end': 13937.923, 'start': 13764.907, 'weight': 0.713}, {'end': 14894.954, 'start': 14404.11, 'weight': 0.953}], 'summary': 'This python tutorial covers python basics, project creation, program fundamentals, list manipulation, control flow, data structures, language features, file handling, modules, classes, functions, inheritance, and includes creating various programs, such as a calculator, mad libs game, interactive program, guessing game, translator app, multiple choice quiz, and chef classes, with practical implementations and examples for beginners.', 'chapters': [{'end': 455.283, 'segs': [{'end': 29.473, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.209, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5.213, 'text': "in this course I'm going to teach you everything you need to know to get started programming in python.", 'start': 0.209, 'duration': 5.004}, {'end': 13.06, 'text': "python is one of the most popular programming languages out there and it's by far one of the most sought after for jobs.", 'start': 5.814, 'duration': 7.246}, {'end': 17.543, 'text': "and so if you're trying to get a job, or you're trying to, you know, automate your life,", 'start': 13.38, 'duration': 4.163}, {'end': 21.666, 'text': "or you're trying to write awesome scripts to do a bunch of different things, then pythons for you.", 'start': 17.543, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 29.473, 'text': "honestly more and more developers every day are moving their projects over to python because it's such a powerful and such an easy to use language.", 'start': 21.987, 'duration': 7.486}], 'summary': 'Learn python programming for job opportunities and automation.', 'duration': 29.264, 'max_score': 0.209, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw209.jpg'}, {'end': 71.468, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 34.775, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 38.716, 'text': "there's a lot of like little things that if you get wrong, the program will yell at you.", 'start': 34.775, 'duration': 3.941}, {'end': 41.017, 'text': 'python is the complete opposite of that.', 'start': 38.716, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 43.638, 'text': 'you basically just type out what you want to do in python.', 'start': 41.017, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 45.059, 'text': "does. it's that simple?", 'start': 43.638, 'duration': 1.421}, {'end': 49.681, 'text': "there's not a whole lot of syntax to learn and the learning curve is literally zero.", 'start': 45.059, 'duration': 4.622}, {'end': 50.621, 'text': 'you jump in.', 'start': 49.681, 'duration': 0.94}, {'end': 53.402, 'text': 'you can start writing your first program in seconds.', 'start': 50.621, 'duration': 2.781}, {'end': 57.664, 'text': "in this course, I'm going to teach you guys everything you need to know to get started in python.", 'start': 53.402, 'duration': 4.262}, {'end': 65.206, 'text': 'I designed this course especially for python, and each lesson has been specially designed, with examples that will help you along the way.', 'start': 58.064, 'duration': 7.142}, {'end': 69.328, 'text': "with so many people starting to learn python, the question isn't why should you learn python?", 'start': 65.206, 'duration': 4.122}, {'end': 71.468, 'text': "the question is why shouldn't you?", 'start': 69.328, 'duration': 2.14}], 'summary': 'Python is easy to learn, with a low learning curve and quick start time. the course offers comprehensive guidance for beginners.', 'duration': 36.693, 'max_score': 34.775, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw34775.jpg'}, {'end': 205.189, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 175.531, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 180.675, 'text': "and here's the basic difference python to is a legacy version of python,", 'start': 175.531, 'duration': 5.144}, {'end': 189.421, 'text': "which basically means that it's like an old version and it's not being like actively maintained or supported like officially by python anymore.", 'start': 180.675, 'duration': 8.746}, {'end': 196.644, 'text': "python three is like the future of python it's like the newest version it's the one that's getting actively maintained and supported.", 'start': 189.881, 'duration': 6.763}, {'end': 199.686, 'text': "so there's pros and cons to picking either one.", 'start': 197.145, 'duration': 2.541}, {'end': 205.189, 'text': "a lot of people will say like python two has been around longer and so there's more.", 'start': 199.706, 'duration': 5.483}], 'summary': 'Python 2 is a legacy version, not actively maintained. python 3 is the future, actively maintained and supported.', 'duration': 29.658, 'max_score': 175.531, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw175531.jpg'}, {'end': 241.643, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 215.754, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 222.837, 'text': "but then again, python two is not supported and you know, five or ten years from now probably no one's going to be using it.", 'start': 215.754, 'duration': 7.083}, {'end': 225.318, 'text': 'python three, like I said, is like the future of python.', 'start': 222.837, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 226.298, 'text': "it's the newest version.", 'start': 225.318, 'duration': 0.98}, {'end': 230.299, 'text': "it's the one that you know is sort of being maintained, going forward.", 'start': 226.298, 'duration': 4.001}, {'end': 235.241, 'text': "so for the purposes of this tutorial, I'm going to be teaching you guys python three.", 'start': 230.299, 'duration': 4.942}, {'end': 237.402, 'text': "so we're going to want to download python three.", 'start': 235.241, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 241.643, 'text': "now here's the thing like if you learn python three or you learn python to.", 'start': 237.842, 'duration': 3.801}], 'summary': 'Python 2 not supported, python 3 is the future and newest version being maintained. this tutorial focuses on python 3.', 'duration': 25.889, 'max_score': 215.754, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw215754.jpg'}, {'end': 442.395, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 411.12, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 413.502, 'text': 'the first thing I want to do is open up pie charm.', 'start': 411.12, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 420.049, 'text': 'so pie charm was the i, d e, the integrated development environment that we downloaded in the last tutorial.', 'start': 413.502, 'duration': 6.547}, {'end': 424.795, 'text': "so I'm just going to go ahead and search for it on my computer and I can just open it up.", 'start': 420.049, 'duration': 4.746}, {'end': 426.297, 'text': 'and we first open up pie charm.', 'start': 424.795, 'duration': 1.502}, {'end': 432.365, 'text': 'we should basically just get a window prompting us to create a project, so you can see that down here.', 'start': 426.297, 'duration': 6.068}, {'end': 434.107, 'text': 'actually, the first thing I want to do, though,', 'start': 432.365, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 442.395, 'text': "is come over here to configure and I'm just going to click on preferences and I actually want to change the appearance.", 'start': 434.107, 'duration': 8.288}], 'summary': 'Opening and configuring pycharm ide, setting up preferences.', 'duration': 31.275, 'max_score': 411.12, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw411120.jpg'}], 'start': 0.209, 'title': 'Python basics and installation', 'summary': 'Covers the beginner-friendly nature of python, its popularity, and its relevance for jobs and automation. it also details the process of installing python 3 and pycharm, emphasizing their significance for beginners and covering the steps to open pycharm and modify its appearance.', 'chapters': [{'end': 103.864, 'start': 0.209, 'title': 'Python programming basics', 'summary': 'Introduces the popularity and beginner-friendly nature of python, emphasizing its user-friendly syntax and minimal learning curve, making it highly sought after for jobs and automation, with a focus on teaching all the core concepts needed to start programming in python.', 'duration': 103.655, 'highlights': ['Python is one of the most popular programming languages and highly sought after for jobs, with a growing number of developers switching their projects to Python due to its power and ease of use.', "Python's beginner-friendly nature is highlighted, as it has minimal syntax and a learning curve of almost zero, allowing users to start writing their first program in seconds.", 'The course is designed to teach all the core concepts needed to start programming in Python, aiming to help users gain confidence in writing scripts and running programs to automate tasks and do cool things in their lives.', 'The instructor reassures that the course is designed especially for Python, with lessons containing examples to aid the learning process and to address any intimidation or fear users may have about learning Python.']}, {'end': 455.283, 'start': 108.14, 'title': 'Installing python and pycharm', 'summary': 'Details the process of installing python (version 3) and pycharm as the integrated development environment, emphasizing the differences between python 2 and 3 and the significance of choosing python 3 for beginners. it also covers the steps to open pycharm and modify its appearance.', 'duration': 347.143, 'highlights': ['Python 3 is the recommended version for beginners, emphasizing its active maintenance and support compared to Python 2.', 'Explanation about the significance of Python 3 as the future of Python, despite the existence of Python 2, and the ease of transitioning from Python 3 to Python 2.', 'Installing PyCharm as the integrated development environment (IDE) for Python, specifically the community version which is free and open source.']}], 'duration': 455.074, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw209.jpg', 'highlights': ['Python is one of the most popular programming languages and highly sought after for jobs, with a growing number of developers switching their projects to Python due to its power and ease of use.', "Python's beginner-friendly nature is highlighted, as it has minimal syntax and a learning curve of almost zero, allowing users to start writing their first program in seconds.", 'The course is designed to teach all the core concepts needed to start programming in Python, aiming to help users gain confidence in writing scripts and running programs to automate tasks and do cool things in their lives.', 'The instructor reassures that the course is designed especially for Python, with lessons containing examples to aid the learning process and to address any intimidation or fear users may have about learning Python.', 'Python 3 is the recommended version for beginners, emphasizing its active maintenance and support compared to Python 2.', 'Explanation about the significance of Python 3 as the future of Python, despite the existence of Python 2, and the ease of transitioning from Python 3 to Python 2.', 'Installing PyCharm as the integrated development environment (IDE) for Python, specifically the community version which is free and open source.']}, {'end': 1572.767, 'segs': [{'end': 643.815, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 455.283, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 456.804, 'text': "but you don't have to do that if you don't want to.", 'start': 455.283, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 463.748, 'text': "so down here I'm just going to click create new project and it's going to give us this little window right here.", 'start': 457.504, 'duration': 6.244}, {'end': 467.751, 'text': "so I can just name my project and I'm just going to name this draft.", 'start': 463.748, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 472.234, 'text': "and then there's this other option down here, where it says interpreter.", 'start': 468.611, 'duration': 3.623}, {'end': 477.217, 'text': 'now what we want to select is python version three.', 'start': 472.234, 'duration': 4.983}, {'end': 481.139, 'text': "so if I click down here, you'll notice that there's a couple different options.", 'start': 477.217, 'duration': 3.922}, {'end': 488.444, 'text': "so I'm on a mac computer and by default mac has python version two installed on it.", 'start': 481.139, 'duration': 7.305}, {'end': 494.608, 'text': "if you're on a windows machine, I'm not sure if it does, but in this tutorial we're going to be using python three.", 'start': 488.444, 'duration': 6.164}, {'end': 499.091, 'text': 'so you want to make sure that you have python three selected as the interpreter.', 'start': 494.608, 'duration': 4.483}, {'end': 502.913, 'text': "otherwise you might not be able to fully follow along with what we're doing in this video.", 'start': 499.091, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 509.197, 'text': "so now I'm just going to come down here and click create and this is going to go ahead and create our project for us.", 'start': 503.313, 'duration': 5.884}, {'end': 517.481, 'text': 'all right so now we have our python project up and running and I want to show you guys how we can create our first python program.', 'start': 509.537, 'duration': 7.944}, {'end': 522.144, 'text': 'so over here in this draft folder and this is just that project that we created.', 'start': 517.962, 'duration': 4.182}, {'end': 527.807, 'text': "I'm just going to right click and I'm going to say new and I'm going to come down and click python file.", 'start': 522.724, 'duration': 5.083}, {'end': 529.508, 'text': 'so we want to create a new python file.', 'start': 527.807, 'duration': 1.701}, {'end': 533.59, 'text': 'this will be our first python program and I can just give this a name.', 'start': 529.508, 'duration': 4.082}, {'end': 536.512, 'text': "so why don't we just call this app and I'm just going to click OK.", 'start': 533.91, 'duration': 2.602}, {'end': 537.192, 'text': 'all right.', 'start': 536.912, 'duration': 0.28}, {'end': 543.378, 'text': 'so now we have our first python file open and we can just start typing in some python.', 'start': 537.192, 'duration': 6.186}, {'end': 549.363, 'text': 'so I want to show you guys just a very basic python program, and this is just going to be a hello world program.', 'start': 543.378, 'duration': 5.985}, {'end': 551.585, 'text': "so we're just going to print something out onto the screen.", 'start': 549.363, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 558.631, 'text': 'so when I say what I want to do is I want to type out p r i n t print and I want to take an open and close parentheses.', 'start': 552.085, 'duration': 6.546}, {'end': 566.673, 'text': "now inside of this parentheses we can make some quotation marks and inside of the quotation marks I'm just going to type out hello world.", 'start': 559.071, 'duration': 7.602}, {'end': 574.676, 'text': "so this is like a very basic python program and what this is going to do is it's just going to print out hello world onto the screen.", 'start': 567.213, 'duration': 7.463}, {'end': 582.198, 'text': "so now what I can do is I can actually run this file and we're actually getting a little air here wants us to create a new line at the end of the file.", 'start': 575.336, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 589.543, 'text': "and so now, in order to run our python program, I'm just going to come up here to the top and I'm just going to think run,", 'start': 582.958, 'duration': 6.585}, {'end': 592.825, 'text': "and we'll click this run button right here and I will see what happens.", 'start': 589.543, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 595.087, 'text': "so it's asking me what I want to run.", 'start': 593.045, 'duration': 2.042}, {'end': 602.492, 'text': "I can just click app and down here at the bottom, you'll notice that we have this text that just got printed out hello world.", 'start': 595.087, 'duration': 7.405}, {'end': 609.757, 'text': 'so whatever I print or whatever I put inside of this print statement is going to get printed out down below in the console.', 'start': 603.072, 'duration': 6.685}, {'end': 615.741, 'text': "so as long as you're getting that print statement to work, then you've actually written your first python program,", 'start': 609.757, 'duration': 5.984}, {'end': 617.302, 'text': 'and as we go through forward in the course,', 'start': 615.741, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 622.286, 'text': "we're gonna be writing all sorts of awesome python programs and we're gonna be doing all sorts of cool stuff.", 'start': 617.302, 'duration': 4.984}, {'end': 630.549, 'text': 'in this tutorial, I want to talk to you about writing a basic python program.', 'start': 626.147, 'duration': 4.402}, {'end': 633.43, 'text': "so we're going to write just a very simple python program.", 'start': 630.549, 'duration': 2.881}, {'end': 635.931, 'text': "we're going to look at how we can go ahead and write our programs.", 'start': 633.43, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 643.815, 'text': "we're going to talk about how our programs are getting executed by python and we're also going to draw out a little shape onto the screen.", 'start': 635.931, 'duration': 7.884}], 'summary': "Creating a python project, writing and running a basic 'hello world' program.", 'duration': 43.808, 'max_score': 455.283, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw455283.jpg'}, {'end': 566.673, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 537.192, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 543.378, 'text': 'so now we have our first python file open and we can just start typing in some python.', 'start': 537.192, 'duration': 6.186}, {'end': 549.363, 'text': 'so I want to show you guys just a very basic python program, and this is just going to be a hello world program.', 'start': 543.378, 'duration': 5.985}, {'end': 551.585, 'text': "so we're just going to print something out onto the screen.", 'start': 549.363, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 558.631, 'text': 'so when I say what I want to do is I want to type out p r i n t print and I want to take an open and close parentheses.', 'start': 552.085, 'duration': 6.546}, {'end': 566.673, 'text': "now inside of this parentheses we can make some quotation marks and inside of the quotation marks I'm just going to type out hello world.", 'start': 559.071, 'duration': 7.602}], 'summary': "First python program to print 'hello world'.", 'duration': 29.481, 'max_score': 537.192, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw537192.jpg'}, {'end': 645.215, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 615.741, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 617.302, 'text': 'and as we go through forward in the course,', 'start': 615.741, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 622.286, 'text': "we're gonna be writing all sorts of awesome python programs and we're gonna be doing all sorts of cool stuff.", 'start': 617.302, 'duration': 4.984}, {'end': 630.549, 'text': 'in this tutorial, I want to talk to you about writing a basic python program.', 'start': 626.147, 'duration': 4.402}, {'end': 633.43, 'text': "so we're going to write just a very simple python program.", 'start': 630.549, 'duration': 2.881}, {'end': 635.931, 'text': "we're going to look at how we can go ahead and write our programs.", 'start': 633.43, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 643.815, 'text': "we're going to talk about how our programs are getting executed by python and we're also going to draw out a little shape onto the screen.", 'start': 635.931, 'duration': 7.884}, {'end': 645.215, 'text': 'so this is going to be pretty cool.', 'start': 643.815, 'duration': 1.4}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on writing basic python programs and drawing shapes on the screen.', 'duration': 29.474, 'max_score': 615.741, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw615741.jpg'}, {'end': 804.392, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 776.699, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 781.702, 'text': 'and basically the console is just a place where python is going to output some information.', 'start': 776.699, 'duration': 5.003}, {'end': 787.887, 'text': "so when we use this print statement, we're basically telling python like hey, can you print something out onto the console?", 'start': 781.702, 'duration': 6.185}, {'end': 801.031, 'text': "so there's a lot of situations where we're going to want to see what's going on in our code and we can use that print statement and print things out to the console and we can basically like have a little window into what our programs doing.", 'start': 788.307, 'duration': 12.724}, {'end': 804.392, 'text': "in our case, we're just going to be printing out this triangle onto the console.", 'start': 801.031, 'duration': 3.361}], 'summary': 'Using print statement to output information in python.', 'duration': 27.693, 'max_score': 776.699, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw776699.jpg'}, {'end': 871.532, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 840.727, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 843.188, 'text': 'it says okay, they want me to print something out again.', 'start': 840.727, 'duration': 2.461}, {'end': 845.81, 'text': 'when it prints that out, it goes down to this instruction, etc.', 'start': 843.188, 'duration': 2.622}, {'end': 852.578, 'text': 'so python is actually going to execute the lines of code that we write in order.', 'start': 846.77, 'duration': 5.808}, {'end': 856.203, 'text': 'so the order in which I write the instructions matters a lot.', 'start': 852.578, 'duration': 3.625}, {'end': 863.785, 'text': 'so, for example, if I was to take this last line here and put it up here at the top, now, when I save the file,', 'start': 856.203, 'duration': 7.582}, {'end': 866.027, 'text': 'instead of just drawing out that triangle,', 'start': 863.785, 'duration': 2.242}, {'end': 871.532, 'text': "it's going to draw out this little upside down bottom thing at the top and then the rest of the triangle down here.", 'start': 866.027, 'duration': 5.505}], 'summary': 'Python code execution order impacts output, demonstrated with triangle drawing example.', 'duration': 30.805, 'max_score': 840.727, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw840727.jpg'}, {'end': 961.14, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 900.246, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 906.509, 'text': 'we can essentially just define these little instructions for the computer and the computer will execute them in order.', 'start': 900.246, 'duration': 6.263}, {'end': 916.725, 'text': 'in this tutorial, I want to talk to you guys about using variables in python and python.', 'start': 910.495, 'duration': 6.23}, {'end': 920.951, 'text': "you're going to be dealing with a lot of data and so a lot of times in our program.", 'start': 916.725, 'duration': 4.226}, {'end': 928.659, 'text': "we're going to be working with all types of information and data and values, and sometimes that data can be difficult to manage.", 'start': 920.951, 'duration': 7.708}, {'end': 937.783, 'text': "so in python we have this thing called a variable and it's basically just a container where we can store certain data values.", 'start': 929.159, 'duration': 8.624}, {'end': 942.285, 'text': 'and when we use a variable when we put those data values inside containers,', 'start': 937.783, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 948.387, 'text': 'it makes it a lot easier for us to work with and manage all of the different data inside of our programs.', 'start': 942.285, 'duration': 6.102}, {'end': 956.093, 'text': "so variables are extremely helpful and it's sort of like a core topic in python that you're really going to want to know and master.", 'start': 948.827, 'duration': 7.266}, {'end': 961.14, 'text': "so in this tutorial, I'm going to teach you guys everything you need to know to get started with variables.", 'start': 956.613, 'duration': 4.527}], 'summary': 'Python tutorial emphasizes the importance of using variables for managing data efficiently.', 'duration': 60.894, 'max_score': 900.246, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw900246.jpg'}, {'end': 1465.761, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1440.818, 'weight': 10, 'content': [{'end': 1447.422, 'text': "you know a lot of times in these programs you're going to want to be modifying the values of variables so you can do it just like that.", 'start': 1440.818, 'duration': 6.604}, {'end': 1454.109, 'text': 'so finally I want to talk to you guys about the different types of data that we can store inside of these variables.', 'start': 1447.702, 'duration': 6.407}, {'end': 1461.537, 'text': "so over here I have the character name and the character age and I'm actually storing what are called strings.", 'start': 1454.609, 'duration': 6.928}, {'end': 1465.761, 'text': 'so a string is basically just plain text right.', 'start': 1462.057, 'duration': 3.704}], 'summary': 'Programming involves modifying variable values and storing different data types like strings.', 'duration': 24.943, 'max_score': 1440.818, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw1440818.jpg'}], 'start': 455.283, 'title': 'Python project creation, program basics, and variable usage', 'summary': "Covers creating a new python project with python version 3, running basic programs like 'hello world', and using variables to manage data efficiently and introduce python programming, emphasizing different operating systems and data types.", 'chapters': [{'end': 499.091, 'start': 455.283, 'title': 'Creating new python project', 'summary': 'Explains the process of creating a new python project, including selecting python version 3 as the interpreter, on different operating systems.', 'duration': 43.808, 'highlights': ["By clicking 'create new project', users can initiate a new project in the IDE.", 'Selecting Python version 3 as the interpreter is crucial for this tutorial.', 'Mention of Python version 2 being the default on Mac and the uncertainty about its presence on Windows.']}, {'end': 757.521, 'start': 499.091, 'title': 'Creating python programs', 'summary': "Demonstrates the process of creating and running a basic python program, including printing 'hello world' and drawing a shape onto the screen, with an emphasis on providing an introduction to python programming.", 'duration': 258.43, 'highlights': ["The chapter demonstrates creating and running a basic Python program, including printing 'hello world' and drawing a shape onto the screen, with an emphasis on providing an introduction to Python programming.", "The process of creating a Python project and writing the first Python program is shown, with a demonstration of running the program and the output 'hello world' onto the console.", 'A step-by-step guide is provided for writing a simple Python program, including using print statements, and the demonstration of drawing a shape onto the screen using Python code.']}, {'end': 979.954, 'start': 757.521, 'title': 'Using variables in python', 'summary': 'Discusses using print statements and the console in python to output information, as well as the importance of the order of instructions in a program. it also introduces the concept of variables and their significance in managing and working with different data values in python.', 'duration': 222.433, 'highlights': ['The importance of the order of instructions in a program is emphasized, as changing the order of instructions can significantly impact the output.', 'Introduction to the concept of variables in Python, highlighting their role as containers for storing data values and making it easier to manage different types of data within programs.', "Explanation of the use of print statements and the console in Python to output information, providing a window into the program's execution."]}, {'end': 1572.767, 'start': 979.954, 'title': 'Using variables in python', 'summary': 'Demonstrates the inefficiency of manually changing data in a python program, introduces the concept of using variables to store and manage data, and explains the types of data that can be stored in variables, enabling easier modification and control of data in the program.', 'duration': 592.813, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates the inefficiency of manually changing data in a Python program', 'Introduces the concept of using variables to store and manage data', 'Explains the types of data that can be stored in variables']}], 'duration': 1117.484, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw455283.jpg', 'highlights': ['Selecting Python version 3 as the interpreter is crucial for this tutorial.', 'A step-by-step guide is provided for writing a simple Python program, including using print statements.', 'Introduction to the concept of variables in Python, highlighting their role as containers for storing data values.', "The process of creating a Python project and writing the first Python program is shown, with a demonstration of running the program and the output 'hello world' onto the console.", "Explanation of the use of print statements and the console in Python to output information, providing a window into the program's execution.", 'The importance of the order of instructions in a program is emphasized, as changing the order of instructions can significantly impact the output.', 'Introduces the concept of using variables to store and manage data.', "By clicking 'create new project', users can initiate a new project in the IDE.", 'Mention of Python version 2 being the default on Mac and the uncertainty about its presence on Windows.', 'The chapter demonstrates the inefficiency of manually changing data in a Python program.', 'Explains the types of data that can be stored in variables.']}, {'end': 3478.136, 'segs': [{'end': 1601.226, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1572.767, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1578.513, 'text': "so true or false values is maybe not something that you're used to dealing with like in the real world,", 'start': 1572.767, 'duration': 5.746}, {'end': 1582.857, 'text': "but in programming we're going to be using true or false values all the time.", 'start': 1578.513, 'duration': 4.344}, {'end': 1584.378, 'text': "they're super important.", 'start': 1582.857, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 1589.041, 'text': "so, like I said, there's three basic types of data that we can work with in python.", 'start': 1584.378, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 1596.784, 'text': "there's strings, which is just like plain text numbers, which would be like either decimal numbers or whole numbers like this,", 'start': 1589.041, 'duration': 7.743}, {'end': 1601.226, 'text': "and there's true or false values, and these are the basic types of data.", 'start': 1596.784, 'duration': 4.442}], 'summary': 'In programming, true or false values are important. python deals with strings, numbers, and true/false values.', 'duration': 28.459, 'max_score': 1572.767, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw1572767.jpg'}, {'end': 1922.949, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1759.175, 'weight': 0.738, 'content': [{'end': 1765.157, 'text': "so if I need to print out a backslash, I could say backslash, and it'll just print out a normal backslash now.", 'start': 1759.175, 'duration': 5.982}, {'end': 1767.177, 'text': 'so you can see just like that.', 'start': 1765.977, 'duration': 1.2}, {'end': 1774.2, 'text': 'so, if you want, you can use that backslash to make new lines or print out quotation marks, or you can just use it as a normal backslash.', 'start': 1767.177, 'duration': 7.023}, {'end': 1780.802, 'text': 'in addition to just typing out a string here, I could also create a string variable.', 'start': 1775.1, 'duration': 5.702}, {'end': 1789.104, 'text': "so I could come down here up here and we can create a variable and we'll just call it phrase and I'm going to set it equal to draft academy.", 'start': 1780.802, 'duration': 8.302}, {'end': 1794.645, 'text': 'so I can store this string value inside of a variable called phrase and then,', 'start': 1789.104, 'duration': 5.541}, {'end': 1799.106, 'text': 'when I want to print out that variable where I want to access that string variable,', 'start': 1794.645, 'duration': 4.461}, {'end': 1806.009, 'text': "I can just type the name of the variable and you'll see that it's going to print out the value that was stored inside of it.", 'start': 1799.106, 'duration': 6.903}, {'end': 1815.376, 'text': 'I can also use something called concatenation and concatenation is basically the process of taking a string and appending another string onto it.', 'start': 1806.59, 'duration': 8.786}, {'end': 1821.84, 'text': 'so I could come over here and I could say phrase and I can say plus and now I can add in another string,', 'start': 1815.816, 'duration': 6.024}, {'end': 1827.944, 'text': 'so I could say like is cool and now this is going to say draft academy is cool.', 'start': 1821.84, 'duration': 6.104}, {'end': 1832.026, 'text': "so I'm basically appending another string onto another one.", 'start': 1828.704, 'duration': 3.322}, {'end': 1840.03, 'text': 'they call that concatenation, and so, in addition to doing all that stuff, we can also use special things called functions,', 'start': 1832.026, 'duration': 8.004}, {'end': 1847.533, 'text': 'and a function is basically just a little block of code that we can run and it will perform a specific operation for us.', 'start': 1840.03, 'duration': 7.503}, {'end': 1854.837, 'text': 'so we can use functions to modify our strings and we can also use functions to get information about our strings.', 'start': 1847.533, 'duration': 7.304}, {'end': 1861.742, 'text': "so I'm gonna show you guys a couple of common functions we can use with the strings, and they're actually going to do awesome stuff.", 'start': 1855.297, 'duration': 6.445}, {'end': 1867.105, 'text': 'so in order to access one of these functions, I can just say phrase and then I can say dot,', 'start': 1861.742, 'duration': 5.363}, {'end': 1872.729, 'text': "and I'm gonna show you guys a function that we can use to convert this string entirely into lower case.", 'start': 1867.105, 'duration': 5.624}, {'end': 1879.796, 'text': "so I could just say phrase dot, lower, and I'm going to want to type in open and close parentheses and this will take this phrase,", 'start': 1872.729, 'duration': 7.067}, {'end': 1882.299, 'text': "it'll take my string and it will convert it to lower case.", 'start': 1879.796, 'duration': 2.503}, {'end': 1886.864, 'text': "so you can see now we just have a draft academy down here but it's entirely in lower case.", 'start': 1882.699, 'duration': 4.165}, {'end': 1895.253, 'text': 'I could also do the same thing for upper case, so I could say phrase dot upper, and this will convert the entire string into upper case.', 'start': 1887.344, 'duration': 7.909}, {'end': 1897.215, 'text': "you can see, now it's entirely upper case.", 'start': 1895.253, 'duration': 1.962}, {'end': 1901.157, 'text': 'so, in addition to converting the string into upper case and lower case,', 'start': 1897.515, 'duration': 3.642}, {'end': 1906, 'text': 'I could also check to see if a string is entirely upper case or entirely lower case.', 'start': 1901.157, 'duration': 4.843}, {'end': 1913.564, 'text': 'so, for example, I could say phrase dot is upper, and this is going to give me back a true or a false value.', 'start': 1906.64, 'duration': 6.924}, {'end': 1918.426, 'text': "so it's going to be true if the string is entirely upper case, or false if it's not.", 'start': 1913.564, 'duration': 4.862}, {'end': 1922.949, 'text': "and you can see here we're getting a false value because this is an upper case.", 'start': 1919.087, 'duration': 3.862}], 'summary': 'The transcript covers using backslashes, string variables, concatenation, and string functions like upper and lower case conversion.', 'duration': 163.774, 'max_score': 1759.175, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw1759175.jpg'}, {'end': 1827.944, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1799.106, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1806.009, 'text': "I can just type the name of the variable and you'll see that it's going to print out the value that was stored inside of it.", 'start': 1799.106, 'duration': 6.903}, {'end': 1815.376, 'text': 'I can also use something called concatenation and concatenation is basically the process of taking a string and appending another string onto it.', 'start': 1806.59, 'duration': 8.786}, {'end': 1821.84, 'text': 'so I could come over here and I could say phrase and I can say plus and now I can add in another string,', 'start': 1815.816, 'duration': 6.024}, {'end': 1827.944, 'text': 'so I could say like is cool and now this is going to say draft academy is cool.', 'start': 1821.84, 'duration': 6.104}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating variable usage and string concatenation in programming.', 'duration': 28.838, 'max_score': 1799.106, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw1799106.jpg'}, {'end': 2134.414, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2104.188, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2108.789, 'text': "so if I put three inside of here now, we'll be able to access that first.", 'start': 2104.188, 'duration': 4.601}, {'end': 2111.21, 'text': 'a. as you can see, we get an a right here.', 'start': 2108.789, 'duration': 2.421}, {'end': 2116.988, 'text': 'so this is actually really useful being able to grab a specific character inside of a string,', 'start': 2111.826, 'duration': 5.162}, {'end': 2119.909, 'text': "and you're going to be using that a lot as we go forward in python.", 'start': 2116.988, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 2125.691, 'text': "there's also another really awesome function that we can use, and it's called the index function,", 'start': 2119.909, 'duration': 5.782}, {'end': 2134.414, 'text': "and basically what the index function will do is it'll tell us where a specific character or string is located inside of our string.", 'start': 2125.691, 'duration': 8.723}], 'summary': 'Python string manipulation: accessing specific characters, using index function.', 'duration': 30.226, 'max_score': 2104.188, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw2104188.jpg'}, {'end': 3173.517, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3142.996, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3150.518, 'text': "we're just basically getting to you know piece of information from the user, but you can use these inputs to do awesome things in python,", 'start': 3142.996, 'duration': 7.522}, {'end': 3155.84, 'text': "and as we go through this course, you're going to see some really cool things that we can do with these inputs.", 'start': 3150.518, 'duration': 5.322}, {'end': 3165.055, 'text': "in this tutorial I'm going to show you how to build a very basic calculator in python.", 'start': 3160.034, 'duration': 5.021}, {'end': 3173.517, 'text': "we're basically going to build a calculator where we'll get two numbers from a user and then we'll add those numbers together and print the answer out onto the screen.", 'start': 3165.495, 'duration': 8.022}], 'summary': 'Learn to build a basic calculator in python using user inputs.', 'duration': 30.521, 'max_score': 3142.996, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw3142996.jpg'}], 'start': 1572.767, 'title': 'Python fundamentals', 'summary': 'Provides an introduction to working with strings and numbers in python, covering basics of creating, manipulating, and accessing string data, obtaining string length, accessing individual characters, using different types of numbers, basic arithmetic operations, and creating a basic interactive program and calculator in python.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1991.26, 'start': 1572.767, 'title': 'Working with python strings', 'summary': 'Provides an introduction to working with strings in python, covering the basics of creating, manipulating, and accessing string data, including using escape characters, creating string variables, concatenation, and applying string functions such as lower(), upper(), isupper(), and len().', 'duration': 418.493, 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the importance of true or false values in programming, with strings, numbers, and true or false values being the three basic types of data used in Python.', 'It explains the process of creating a string using quotation marks, demonstrating how to include special characters like new lines and quotation marks using the escape character backslash.', 'The tutorial covers the creation of string variables and concatenation, showing how to store and manipulate string data using variables and the plus operator for concatenation.', 'It introduces the concept of string functions, demonstrating the usage of functions such as lower(), upper(), isupper(), and len() to modify and retrieve information about string data.']}, {'end': 2486.313, 'start': 1991.26, 'title': 'Working with strings and numbers in python', 'summary': 'Covers working with strings and numbers in python, including obtaining string length, accessing individual characters in a string, using the index function to locate specific characters or strings, and the replace function to replace words or letters in a string. it also discusses working with numbers, including different types of numbers, basic arithmetic operations, using parentheses to specify order of operations, and the modulus operator. additionally, it emphasizes the importance of getting comfortable working with strings in python and dealing with numbers in python programs.', 'duration': 495.053, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers working with strings and numbers in Python, including obtaining string length, accessing individual characters in a string, using the index function to locate specific characters or strings, and the replace function to replace words or letters in a string.', 'It discusses working with numbers, including different types of numbers, basic arithmetic operations, using parentheses to specify order of operations, and the modulus operator.', 'Emphasizes the importance of getting comfortable working with strings in Python and dealing with numbers in Python programs.']}, {'end': 2905.24, 'start': 2486.594, 'title': 'Working with numbers in python', 'summary': 'Covers storing numbers in variables, converting numbers to strings, using basic arithmetic, and utilizing various math functions such as absolute value, power, max, min, round, floor, ceil, and square root in python.', 'duration': 418.646, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers storing numbers in variables and converting numbers to strings.', 'Basic arithmetic operations and converting numbers into strings are demonstrated in Python.', 'Math functions such as absolute value, power, max, min, round, floor, ceil, and square root are explained and exemplified in Python.']}, {'end': 3478.136, 'start': 2909.437, 'title': 'Python user input and basic calculator', 'summary': 'Demonstrates how to get input from a user in python, store it in variables, and use it to create a basic interactive program, then proceeds to build a simple calculator that allows the user to input numbers and performs addition, with the need to convert input to numbers to handle decimal values.', 'duration': 568.699, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates how to get input from a user in Python, store it in variables, and use it to create a basic interactive program, with the need to convert input to numbers to handle decimal values.', 'The tutorial proceeds to build a simple calculator that allows the user to input numbers and performs addition, with the need to convert input to numbers to handle decimal values.']}], 'duration': 1905.369, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw1572767.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the importance of true or false values in programming, with strings, numbers, and true or false values being the three basic types of data used in Python.', 'The tutorial covers the creation of string variables and concatenation, showing how to store and manipulate string data using variables and the plus operator for concatenation.', 'The chapter covers working with strings and numbers in Python, including obtaining string length, accessing individual characters in a string, using the index function to locate specific characters or strings, and the replace function to replace words or letters in a string.', 'The chapter demonstrates how to get input from a user in Python, store it in variables, and use it to create a basic interactive program, with the need to convert input to numbers to handle decimal values.']}, {'end': 4181.973, 'segs': [{'end': 3521, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3478.136, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3480.336, 'text': "so I'm just going to recap what we did one more time.", 'start': 3478.136, 'duration': 2.2}, {'end': 3494.87, 'text': 'we created two variables number one and number two and we basically stored the two numbers that the users inputted into those variables and then we converted them into numbers and we added them together and we printed out the results.', 'start': 3480.336, 'duration': 14.534}, {'end': 3496.41, 'text': 'so this is a pretty cool calculator.', 'start': 3494.87, 'duration': 1.54}, {'end': 3497.09, 'text': "I'm happy with it.", 'start': 3496.41, 'duration': 0.68}, {'end': 3501.952, 'text': 'hopefully you guys learn something, and as we go forward in this python course,', 'start': 3497.511, 'duration': 4.441}, {'end': 3505.814, 'text': "you're going to learn all sorts of ways that we can make this calculator more complex.", 'start': 3501.952, 'duration': 3.862}, {'end': 3514.878, 'text': 'in this tutorial I want to show you guys how to build a mad libs game in python.', 'start': 3510.037, 'duration': 4.841}, {'end': 3521, 'text': 'so a mad libs game is basically just a game where you can enter in a bunch of random words.', 'start': 3515.439, 'duration': 5.561}], 'summary': 'Created a simple calculator in python, adding user inputted numbers and printed the results. exploring future complex calculator features and introduction to building a mad libs game.', 'duration': 42.864, 'max_score': 3478.136, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw3478136.jpg'}, {'end': 3816.645, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3785.449, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3789.174, 'text': "but that's the basics of creating a madness game in python.", 'start': 3785.449, 'duration': 3.725}, {'end': 3797.624, 'text': 'in this tutorial on a talk to you guys about working with lists in python.', 'start': 3793.399, 'duration': 4.225}, {'end': 3802.85, 'text': "a lot of times when you're programming in python you're going to be dealing with large amounts of data.", 'start': 3798.224, 'duration': 4.626}, {'end': 3809.037, 'text': "and when you're dealing with large amounts of data you want to make sure that you can manage it and organize it properly.", 'start': 3803.49, 'duration': 5.547}, {'end': 3816.645, 'text': 'and a list is essentially just a structure that we can use inside of python to store the lists of information,', 'start': 3809.497, 'duration': 7.148}], 'summary': 'Learn about working with lists in python for managing large amounts of data.', 'duration': 31.196, 'max_score': 3785.449, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw3785449.jpg'}, {'end': 4014.949, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3983.209, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3986.13, 'text': "you can see it's just printing out the actual list of friends, right.", 'start': 3983.209, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 3991.533, 'text': "but let's say that I wanted to print out a specific element inside of this list.", 'start': 3986.87, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 3995.536, 'text': 'well, I can actually refer to elements by their index.', 'start': 3991.533, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 4002.661, 'text': 'so each one of the elements inside of this list has a particular index and the index is actually started zero.', 'start': 3995.536, 'duration': 7.125}, {'end': 4008.104, 'text': 'so we would say that this first element in the list, kevin, has an index of zero.', 'start': 4002.661, 'duration': 5.443}, {'end': 4014.949, 'text': 'we would say that this other element, karen, has an index of one and this third element, jim, would have an index of two.', 'start': 4008.104, 'duration': 6.845}], 'summary': 'Python list elements printed with corresponding index values.', 'duration': 31.74, 'max_score': 3983.209, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw3983209.jpg'}, {'end': 4102.952, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4079.983, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4088.205, 'text': 'so, for example, if I said negative one inside of here, this is going to give me access to this value right here for gym, and you can see,', 'start': 4079.983, 'duration': 8.222}, {'end': 4088.825, 'text': "that's what it does.", 'start': 4088.205, 'duration': 0.62}, {'end': 4092.206, 'text': 'so when we use negatives, it starts indexing from the back of the list.', 'start': 4088.825, 'duration': 3.381}, {'end': 4099.328, 'text': 'so if I said negative two, this is going to give us karen, and so you can use the negatives to access items at the back of the list.', 'start': 4092.206, 'duration': 7.122}, {'end': 4102.952, 'text': 'just keep in mind though and this is kind of interesting.', 'start': 4099.91, 'duration': 3.042}], 'summary': 'Using negative indexing to access items from the back of the list.', 'duration': 22.969, 'max_score': 4079.983, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw4079983.jpg'}, {'end': 4146.392, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4119.743, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4125.867, 'text': "so, for example, let's say I just wanted to select the last two elements in this list and I didn't want to select the first one.", 'start': 4119.743, 'duration': 6.124}, {'end': 4127.207, 'text': 'well in here.', 'start': 4126.447, 'duration': 0.76}, {'end': 4134.529, 'text': 'I can just say one with a colon, and this will grab the element at index position one and all of the elements after that.', 'start': 4127.207, 'duration': 7.322}, {'end': 4138.81, 'text': 'so now we should just grab jim and karen or karen and jim.', 'start': 4134.529, 'duration': 4.281}, {'end': 4142.111, 'text': 'in that order I could also specify a range.', 'start': 4138.81, 'duration': 3.301}, {'end': 4146.392, 'text': 'so actually let me add in a couple other elements, just so we can illustrate this better.', 'start': 4142.111, 'duration': 4.281}], 'summary': 'Select last two elements by using index position and colon in list.', 'duration': 26.649, 'max_score': 4119.743, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw4119743.jpg'}], 'start': 3478.136, 'title': 'Python programming and list manipulation', 'summary': 'Covers creating a python calculator, a mad libs game, working with lists in python, accessing individual elements in a list, and utilizing indexes and negative indexing, demonstrating with examples using python programming language.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3963.383, 'start': 3478.136, 'title': 'Python calculator and mad libs game, working with lists in python', 'summary': 'Discusses creating a python calculator, a mad libs game, and working with lists in python. it includes creating variables, taking user input, and utilizing lists to store and access multiple values.', 'duration': 485.247, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers creating a Python calculator by storing user input in variables, converting them into numbers, adding them together, and printing the result.', 'It explains building a mad libs game in Python by allowing users to input random words like verbs, nouns, and names to be incorporated into a story, providing an example of a mad lib and demonstrating how to create one.', 'It also discusses working with lists in Python, emphasizing their use in organizing and managing large amounts of data, creating lists, adding values, and accessing individual items.']}, {'end': 4181.973, 'start': 3963.383, 'title': 'Accessing list elements', 'summary': 'Explains how to access individual elements in a list, using indexes, negative indexing, and selecting specific portions of the list, demonstrating with examples using python programming language.', 'duration': 218.59, 'highlights': ['Elements in a list can be accessed using their index, starting from zero, with examples demonstrating accessing specific elements by their index in the list.', 'Negative indexing allows accessing elements from the back of the list, with examples illustrating accessing elements using negative indexes.', 'The process of selecting specific portions of the list is explained, with examples illustrating how to grab elements based on index positions and specifying ranges.']}], 'duration': 703.837, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw3478136.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter covers creating a Python calculator by storing user input in variables, converting them into numbers, adding them together, and printing the result.', 'It explains building a mad libs game in Python by allowing users to input random words like verbs, nouns, and names to be incorporated into a story, providing an example of a mad lib and demonstrating how to create one.', 'It also discusses working with lists in Python, emphasizing their use in organizing and managing large amounts of data, creating lists, adding values, and accessing individual items.', 'Elements in a list can be accessed using their index, starting from zero, with examples demonstrating accessing specific elements by their index in the list.', 'Negative indexing allows accessing elements from the back of the list, with examples illustrating accessing elements using negative indexes.', 'The process of selecting specific portions of the list is explained, with examples illustrating how to grab elements based on index positions and specifying ranges.']}, {'end': 5931.562, 'segs': [{'end': 4253.413, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4223.35, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4231.612, 'text': "so those are kind of the basics of working with lists in python and actually in the next tutorial I'm going to show you guys even more ways that we can use these lists.", 'start': 4223.35, 'duration': 8.262}, {'end': 4239.334, 'text': "we're going to learn how to like, add elements to a list, delete elements from a list, copy lists and a bunch of cool stuff with these lists,", 'start': 4231.612, 'duration': 7.722}, {'end': 4243.435, 'text': 'but for now this has just been sort of like the basics of working with lists.', 'start': 4239.334, 'duration': 4.101}, {'end': 4253.413, 'text': 'in this tutorial on a talk to you guys about using functions with lists in python,', 'start': 4247.426, 'duration': 5.987}], 'summary': 'Introduction to working with lists in python, more features to come in next tutorial', 'duration': 30.063, 'max_score': 4223.35, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw4223350.jpg'}, {'end': 4646.456, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 4323.439, 'weight': 0.75, 'content': [{'end': 4326.76, 'text': 'so the first thing we can do is obviously just print out a list.', 'start': 4323.439, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 4333.203, 'text': "so down here I'm printing out this friends list and when I want and when I run my program, you see,", 'start': 4326.76, 'duration': 6.443}, {'end': 4335.904, 'text': "down here we're just printing out all the elements in the list.", 'start': 4333.203, 'duration': 2.701}, {'end': 4339.746, 'text': "so it's always good to be able to print out all the elements inside of a list.", 'start': 4335.904, 'duration': 3.842}, {'end': 4342.048, 'text': "but there's a lot of other functions that we can use.", 'start': 4339.946, 'duration': 2.102}, {'end': 4345.35, 'text': 'so one function is called the extend function,', 'start': 4342.048, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 4351.595, 'text': 'and the extent function will basically allow you to take a list and append another list onto the end of it.', 'start': 4345.35, 'duration': 6.245}, {'end': 4361.383, 'text': 'so I could say, like friends, dot, extend and inside of these parentheses I can pass in the list that I want to add on to the friends list.', 'start': 4351.595, 'duration': 9.788}, {'end': 4364.504, 'text': 'so I could say like lucky numbers.', 'start': 4361.883, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 4369.987, 'text': 'and now, when I print out this friends list, not only is it going to have all the elements in the friends list,', 'start': 4365.005, 'duration': 4.982}, {'end': 4372.968, 'text': "it's also going to have all the elements inside the lucky numbers list.", 'start': 4369.987, 'duration': 2.981}, {'end': 4378.291, 'text': 'you can see, down here we have all of our friends and then we also have the numbers over here.', 'start': 4373.429, 'duration': 4.862}, {'end': 4382.093, 'text': "so that's a really easy way to essentially just like add two lists together.", 'start': 4378.291, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 4391.399, 'text': 'we can also just add individual elements onto a list, so I could come down here and I could say friends, dot append,', 'start': 4382.853, 'duration': 8.546}, {'end': 4396.362, 'text': 'and this will actually allow me to append another item onto the end of this list.', 'start': 4391.399, 'duration': 4.963}, {'end': 4401.345, 'text': 'so over here I could just add another name, so we could say creed, for example.', 'start': 4396.922, 'duration': 4.423}, {'end': 4404.627, 'text': "and now I'm like adding another friend onto the end of this list.", 'start': 4401.345, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 4413.555, 'text': 'so when I run the program, in addition to having the original items that were in the list up here, we also have this additional item at the end,', 'start': 4404.627, 'duration': 8.928}, {'end': 4417.459, 'text': 'and that append function is always going to add the item onto the end of the list.', 'start': 4413.555, 'duration': 3.904}, {'end': 4420.983, 'text': "But let's say that you wanted to add an item into the middle of the list.", 'start': 4418.2, 'duration': 2.783}, {'end': 4426.068, 'text': "So like right here or right here, there's another list function called insert.", 'start': 4421.083, 'duration': 4.985}, {'end': 4430.122, 'text': 'and insert is going to take two parameters.', 'start': 4427.839, 'duration': 2.283}, {'end': 4434.186, 'text': 'the first parameter is going to be the index where you want to insert the item.', 'start': 4430.122, 'duration': 4.064}, {'end': 4436.109, 'text': "so why don't we insert it here?", 'start': 4434.186, 'duration': 1.923}, {'end': 4442.636, 'text': "at index position one I'm just going to say one and then I'm going to type in the name of the element that I want to add.", 'start': 4436.109, 'duration': 6.527}, {'end': 4444.538, 'text': 'so we can just say, like cali,', 'start': 4442.636, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 4452.468, 'text': "and now at index position one we're going to have the value kelly and all of these other values are going to get pushed up.", 'start': 4445.319, 'duration': 7.149}, {'end': 4456.392, 'text': "they're going to get pushed to the right one index position.", 'start': 4452.468, 'duration': 3.924}, {'end': 4458.375, 'text': 'so now I run the program.', 'start': 4456.392, 'duration': 1.983}, {'end': 4464.422, 'text': 'you can see we have kevin, this new element, kelly, and then all the other elements have been pushed off to the right.', 'start': 4458.375, 'duration': 6.047}, {'end': 4466.423, 'text': 'we can also remove elements.', 'start': 4464.642, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 4470.765, 'text': "so, for example, let's say I wanted to remove this gym value.", 'start': 4466.423, 'duration': 4.342}, {'end': 4477.348, 'text': 'all I have to do is just say friends, dot, remove and I can just type in whatever element I want to remove.', 'start': 4470.765, 'duration': 6.583}, {'end': 4480.289, 'text': 'so I want to remove this gym element.', 'start': 4477.348, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 4486.812, 'text': 'and so now, when we run the program, gym is going to be gone from the list and we just have these four guys left.', 'start': 4480.289, 'duration': 6.523}, {'end': 4490.055, 'text': 'you can also remove all of the elements from the list.', 'start': 4487.412, 'duration': 2.643}, {'end': 4494.4, 'text': 'so if I just wanted to completely like, reset the list and get rid of everything.', 'start': 4490.055, 'duration': 4.345}, {'end': 4496.202, 'text': 'I could just say friends dot clear.', 'start': 4494.4, 'duration': 1.802}, {'end': 4502.109, 'text': 'and this is going to give us an empty list so to get rid of every single element inside the list.', 'start': 4496.863, 'duration': 5.246}, {'end': 4507.95, 'text': "there's also another really cool method, which is called pop, and you can just type out pop like that,", 'start': 4502.369, 'duration': 5.581}, {'end': 4512.132, 'text': "and basically what pops going to do is it's going to pop an item off of this list.", 'start': 4507.95, 'duration': 4.182}, {'end': 4519.433, 'text': "so when I click the play button, you'll see here that we're left with kevin, karen, jim and oscar.", 'start': 4512.132, 'duration': 7.301}, {'end': 4524.535, 'text': "so we basically got rid of the last element inside the list, and that's what pop does.", 'start': 4519.433, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 4529.256, 'text': 'it pops an element off of the list, so basically removes the last element in the list.', 'start': 4524.535, 'duration': 4.721}, {'end': 4535.458, 'text': "so we have our list, but let's say that we wanted to figure out if a certain element was in this list.", 'start': 4529.716, 'duration': 5.742}, {'end': 4536.919, 'text': 'right of a certain value is in here.', 'start': 4535.458, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 4541.94, 'text': "so let's say I wanted to check to see if my friend kevin was in this list.", 'start': 4536.919, 'duration': 5.021}, {'end': 4550.483, 'text': 'why could say friends, dot index and in here I can just pass a value so I can say like kevin?', 'start': 4541.94, 'duration': 8.543}, {'end': 4556.405, 'text': "and this is going to tell me the index of kevin so it'll tell me if kevin's in the list.", 'start': 4551.423, 'duration': 4.982}, {'end': 4560.066, 'text': 'so when I click play, you can see down here it says zero.', 'start': 4556.765, 'duration': 3.301}, {'end': 4565.487, 'text': 'if I was to say like oscar in here for example, now to give me the index of oscar.', 'start': 4560.426, 'duration': 5.061}, {'end': 4567.048, 'text': "so that's it three.", 'start': 4566.048, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 4573.292, 'text': "but if I put a name that wasn't in here, so like if I put mike, that's not in the list,", 'start': 4567.668, 'duration': 5.624}, {'end': 4578.076, 'text': "and so now we're going to get back in air because it says mike is not in the list.", 'start': 4573.292, 'duration': 4.784}, {'end': 4585.201, 'text': "so that's an easy way to figure out if a specific element is inside of the list and if it is then you know what index it's at.", 'start': 4578.396, 'duration': 6.805}, {'end': 4588.982, 'text': 'you can also count the number of similar elements in the list.', 'start': 4585.481, 'duration': 3.501}, {'end': 4596.005, 'text': "so I'm actually going to come down here, copy this gym element and we'll add another gym element into here.", 'start': 4588.982, 'duration': 7.023}, {'end': 4602.908, 'text': 'so I could come down here and I could say friends dot, count and will pass in gym,', 'start': 4596.005, 'duration': 6.903}, {'end': 4607.99, 'text': 'and this will tell me how many times the value gym shows up inside of this list.', 'start': 4602.908, 'duration': 5.082}, {'end': 4617.056, 'text': 'so it should say to which it does down there, because we have two values with the text gym and so we have all these values.', 'start': 4608.65, 'duration': 8.406}, {'end': 4619.118, 'text': 'we could also sort this list.', 'start': 4617.056, 'duration': 2.062}, {'end': 4627.724, 'text': "so I could come over here and I could say, friends, dot sort, and what this will do is it'll sort the list in ascending order.", 'start': 4619.118, 'duration': 8.606}, {'end': 4631.306, 'text': "so we have a bunch of text here and you'll see what it does.", 'start': 4627.724, 'duration': 3.582}, {'end': 4634.388, 'text': "basically, what it's going to do is it's going to put it in alphabetical order.", 'start': 4631.306, 'duration': 3.082}, {'end': 4637.671, 'text': 'so you can see we have j, k, o and t.', 'start': 4634.388, 'duration': 3.283}, {'end': 4641.733, 'text': 'so the list went from being just random order, like whatever we had up here,', 'start': 4637.671, 'duration': 4.062}, {'end': 4646.456, 'text': "to now it's in alphabetical order and that's also going to work for lucky numbers.", 'start': 4641.733, 'duration': 4.723}], 'summary': 'The transcript discusses manipulating lists in python, including functions like extend, append, insert, remove, clear, pop, index, count, and sort.', 'duration': 323.017, 'max_score': 4323.439, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw4323439.jpg'}, {'end': 4805.789, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4779.072, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4783.594, 'text': 'and one of the most common examples of tuples is coordinates.', 'start': 4779.072, 'duration': 4.522}, {'end': 4786.635, 'text': "so let's say I had a series of like x y coordinates.", 'start': 4784.034, 'duration': 2.601}, {'end': 4794.642, 'text': "I could create a variable called coordinates and I'm just going to set this equal to an open and close parentheses.", 'start': 4786.635, 'duration': 8.007}, {'end': 4802.467, 'text': "and whenever we want to create a tuple inside of python, we're going to use these open and closed parentheses, and inside of here,", 'start': 4795.122, 'duration': 7.345}, {'end': 4805.789, 'text': "inside these parentheses, we're going to put the values that we want to store.", 'start': 4802.467, 'duration': 3.322}], 'summary': 'Tuples in python store values, like x y coordinates, using open and closed parentheses.', 'duration': 26.717, 'max_score': 4779.072, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw4779072.jpg'}, {'end': 4966.111, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4918.601, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4926.003, 'text': "tuple object does not support item assignment because it's immutable, because we can't change it.", 'start': 4918.601, 'duration': 7.402}, {'end': 4930.785, 'text': "so that's basically what tuples are, how we can create them.", 'start': 4926.003, 'duration': 4.782}, {'end': 4932.126, 'text': 'and you know a tuple.', 'start': 4930.785, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 4934.449, 'text': "like I said, it's very simple you just create it and then you have it.", 'start': 4932.126, 'duration': 2.323}, {'end': 4943.499, 'text': 'and now I want to talk to you guys about a common topic in python which is the difference between tuples and lists.', 'start': 4935.99, 'duration': 7.509}, {'end': 4946.943, 'text': 'so remember, a list is basically doing the same thing a list.', 'start': 4943.519, 'duration': 3.424}, {'end': 4950.426, 'text': 'if you want to create a list, we would just use square brackets instead of those parentheses.', 'start': 4946.943, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 4955.308, 'text': 'and if I was using a list, I could assign different values to it.', 'start': 4951.207, 'duration': 4.101}, {'end': 4958.769, 'text': 'I can, I can basically mutate any of the elements.', 'start': 4955.308, 'duration': 3.461}, {'end': 4963.49, 'text': 'I can add, delete, modify, change whatever I wanted with the list.', 'start': 4958.769, 'duration': 4.721}, {'end': 4966.111, 'text': "but with a tuple we can't do that.", 'start': 4963.49, 'duration': 2.621}], 'summary': 'Tuples are immutable, unlike lists, allowing for element modification and creation.', 'duration': 47.51, 'max_score': 4918.601, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw4918601.jpg'}, {'end': 5087.658, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5058.703, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 5062.905, 'text': 'in this tutorial I want to talk to you guys about using functions in python.', 'start': 5058.703, 'duration': 4.202}, {'end': 5069.589, 'text': 'now a function is basically just a collection of code which performs a specific task.', 'start': 5063.405, 'duration': 6.184}, {'end': 5073.691, 'text': 'so I can take a bunch of lines of code that are basically doing one thing.', 'start': 5069.589, 'duration': 4.102}, {'end': 5081.655, 'text': 'I can put them inside of a function and then, when I wanted to do that task or do that one thing that the function was doing,', 'start': 5073.691, 'duration': 7.964}, {'end': 5083.556, 'text': 'I can just call the function.', 'start': 5081.655, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 5087.658, 'text': 'and so functions really help you to organize your code a lot better.', 'start': 5084.156, 'duration': 3.502}], 'summary': 'Functions in python help organize code, making it more efficient and manageable.', 'duration': 28.955, 'max_score': 5058.703, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw5058703.jpg'}, {'end': 5679.932, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5646.731, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 5650.152, 'text': "that's usually a good candidate to be put inside of a function.", 'start': 5646.731, 'duration': 3.421}, {'end': 5659.456, 'text': 'in this tutorial I want to talk to you guys about using the return statement in python functions.', 'start': 5654.074, 'duration': 5.382}, {'end': 5666.618, 'text': 'now python function is basically just a collection of python code that performs a specific task.', 'start': 5660.156, 'duration': 6.462}, {'end': 5673.082, 'text': 'and when we want to perform that task in our python programs we can call a python function.', 'start': 5667.338, 'duration': 5.744}, {'end': 5679.932, 'text': "and a lot of times when we're calling a python function we just kind of call it and it does its thing and then we move on with the program.", 'start': 5673.683, 'duration': 6.249}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on using the return statement in python functions.', 'duration': 33.201, 'max_score': 5646.731, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw5646731.jpg'}, {'end': 5723.35, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5693.047, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 5697.611, 'text': 'and then I wanted to like give me some information back so that could be like a particular value.', 'start': 5693.047, 'duration': 4.564}, {'end': 5705.697, 'text': "it could be something like telling me how the task when basically the function can just communicate back to us like hey here's some information.", 'start': 5698.091, 'duration': 7.606}, {'end': 5709.04, 'text': "and that's what the return keyword can allow us to do.", 'start': 5706.238, 'duration': 2.802}, {'end': 5715.085, 'text': 'the return keyword can basically allow python to return information from a function.', 'start': 5709.6, 'duration': 5.485}, {'end': 5717.846, 'text': "so I'm gonna show you guys how we can do this.", 'start': 5715.825, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 5723.35, 'text': "I want to create a very simple function and it's just going to cube a number.", 'start': 5717.846, 'duration': 5.504}], 'summary': 'Using the return keyword in python functions to provide information back, such as cubing a number.', 'duration': 30.303, 'max_score': 5693.047, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw5693047.jpg'}, {'end': 5760.743, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5734.076, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 5739.502, 'text': "so we're going to make a function that will cube a number and I'll show you guys how we can use that return statement.", 'start': 5734.076, 'duration': 5.426}, {'end': 5742.085, 'text': 'so first thing we want to do is make a function.', 'start': 5739.502, 'duration': 2.583}, {'end': 5751.736, 'text': "I'm just going to say death cube will call the function cube and over here we can specify any parameters that this function will take.", 'start': 5742.365, 'duration': 9.371}, {'end': 5755.539, 'text': 'so, basically any values that we want to give this function.', 'start': 5752.176, 'duration': 3.363}, {'end': 5760.743, 'text': "so we're going to give it one function, which is going to be a number, so I'm just going to call it num,", 'start': 5755.539, 'duration': 5.204}], 'summary': 'Creating a function to cube a number and demonstrating the use of a return statement.', 'duration': 26.667, 'max_score': 5734.076, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw5734076.jpg'}], 'start': 4181.973, 'title': 'Python lists, tuples, and functions', 'summary': 'Covers the basics of working with python lists, including modifying elements, adding and removing elements, and using various list functions. it also provides an introduction to tuples in python, highlighting their similarities and differences with lists, and emphasizing their immutability. the tutorial also demonstrates how to create and access tuples. additionally, it discusses the difference between tuples and lists in python, emphasizing the immutability of tuples and their use cases, and then introduces the concept of functions, demonstrating how to create and call a function in python and explaining the flow of execution within a program. furthermore, it explains the basics of using functions in python, including defining functions, passing parameters, and using the return statement to receive information back from the function, with examples demonstrating the functionality of these concepts and their practical applications.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4918.601, 'start': 4181.973, 'title': 'Working with python lists and tuples', 'summary': 'Covers the basics of working with python lists, including modifying elements, adding and removing elements, and using various list functions. it also provides an introduction to tuples in python, highlighting their similarities and differences with lists, and emphasizing their immutability. the tutorial also demonstrates how to create and access tuples.', 'duration': 736.628, 'highlights': ['The tutorial covers the basics of working with Python lists, including modifying elements, adding and removing elements, and using various list functions.', 'Introduction to tuples in Python, emphasizing their similarities and differences with lists, and highlighting their immutability.', 'Demonstration of creating and accessing tuples in Python.']}, {'end': 5404.53, 'start': 4918.601, 'title': 'Python: tuples and functions', 'summary': 'Discusses the difference between tuples and lists in python, emphasizing the immutability of tuples and their use cases, and then introduces the concept of functions, demonstrating how to create and call a function in python and explaining the flow of execution within a program.', 'duration': 485.929, 'highlights': ['Tuples are immutable and cannot be changed, while lists can be mutated by adding, deleting, modifying, or changing elements.', 'Python does not provide additional information about tuples and lists, but in practical use cases, tuples are commonly used for storing data that will not change.', 'Functions in Python are collections of code that perform specific tasks, helping to organize and modularize code.', "Creating a function in Python involves using the 'def' keyword followed by a descriptive name, and the code inside the function needs to be indented.", "To execute the code inside a function, it needs to be called by typing the function's name followed by open and close parentheses."]}, {'end': 5931.562, 'start': 5405.17, 'title': 'Python functions and return statement', 'summary': 'Explains the basics of using functions in python, including defining functions, passing parameters, and using the return statement to receive information back from the function, with examples demonstrating the functionality of these concepts and their practical applications.', 'duration': 526.392, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the basics of using functions in Python, including defining functions, passing parameters, and using the return statement to receive information back from the function.', 'The return statement allows Python to return information from a function, enabling the function to communicate specific values or results back to the caller.', 'Examples are provided to illustrate the practical application of using the return statement to receive and utilize the output of a function, such as cubing a number and retrieving the result.']}], 'duration': 1749.589, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw4181973.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial covers the basics of working with Python lists, including modifying elements, adding and removing elements, and using various list functions.', 'Introduction to tuples in Python, emphasizing their similarities and differences with lists, and highlighting their immutability.', 'Demonstration of creating and accessing tuples in Python.', 'Tuples are immutable and cannot be changed, while lists can be mutated by adding, deleting, modifying, or changing elements.', 'Functions in Python are collections of code that perform specific tasks, helping to organize and modularize code.', 'The chapter explains the basics of using functions in Python, including defining functions, passing parameters, and using the return statement to receive information back from the function.', 'The return statement allows Python to return information from a function, enabling the function to communicate specific values or results back to the caller.', 'Examples are provided to illustrate the practical application of using the return statement to receive and utilize the output of a function, such as cubing a number and retrieving the result.']}, {'end': 8016.082, 'segs': [{'end': 6000.3, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5976.218, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 5982.764, 'text': "so pythons going to go through, it's going to execute the code in the function whenever it sees this return keyword.", 'start': 5976.218, 'duration': 6.546}, {'end': 5985.447, 'text': "it's just going to break back out and we're going to be done so.", 'start': 5982.764, 'duration': 2.683}, {'end': 5987.969, 'text': "we'll never be able to reach this line of code.", 'start': 5985.447, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 5994.135, 'text': "so that's the basics of using return statements, and you can return any data type you want.", 'start': 5988.59, 'duration': 5.545}, {'end': 5997.738, 'text': 'we could easily return, like a string or a boolean or an array.', 'start': 5994.135, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 6000.3, 'text': "it doesn't really matter you can return whatever you want.", 'start': 5998.178, 'duration': 2.122}], 'summary': 'Python executes code in function with return keyword, allowing return of any data type.', 'duration': 24.082, 'max_score': 5976.218, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw5976218.jpg'}, {'end': 6880.205, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6850.922, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 6851.943, 'text': 'in this tutorial on a.', 'start': 6850.922, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 6855.646, 'text': 'talk to you some more about if statements in python.', 'start': 6851.943, 'duration': 3.703}, {'end': 6860.931, 'text': "more specifically, we're going to be looking at using comparisons inside of our if statements.", 'start': 6855.646, 'duration': 5.285}, {'end': 6863.113, 'text': "so if you're following along with the course,", 'start': 6860.931, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 6872.501, 'text': 'in the last tutorial I talked to you guys about just the basics of if statements and we used a couple different boolean variables and depending on the values of those booleans,', 'start': 6863.113, 'duration': 9.388}, {'end': 6874.403, 'text': "we're able to do certain things.", 'start': 6872.501, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 6880.205, 'text': "in this tutorial we're going to look at another way to use if statements, which is with comparison.", 'start': 6875.083, 'duration': 5.122}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on using comparisons inside if statements in python.', 'duration': 29.283, 'max_score': 6850.922, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw6850922.jpg'}, {'end': 6962.27, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6936.877, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 6944.141, 'text': "so basically, we're passing it three numbers and this function will return the largest of the three.", 'start': 6936.877, 'duration': 7.264}, {'end': 6949.763, 'text': "so in order to figure out which of these numbers is the largest, we're going to have to use an if statement.", 'start': 6944.141, 'duration': 5.622}, {'end': 6955.166, 'text': 'so I can say if and over here I need to specify a condition right.', 'start': 6949.763, 'duration': 5.403}, {'end': 6962.27, 'text': 'so I need to put like a true or false value, and so what we can actually do is we can compare these different numbers.', 'start': 6955.166, 'duration': 7.104}], 'summary': 'Function returns largest of 3 numbers using if statement.', 'duration': 25.393, 'max_score': 6936.877, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw6936877.jpg'}, {'end': 7288.917, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7259.463, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 7263.625, 'text': 'in this tutorial I want to show you guys how to build a more advanced calculator.', 'start': 7259.463, 'duration': 4.162}, {'end': 7272.45, 'text': 'so this calculator is going to be able to perform all of the basic arithmetic operations, so we can add, subtract, multiply and divide,', 'start': 7263.625, 'duration': 8.825}, {'end': 7276.892, 'text': 'and will actually allow the user to specify which one of those they want to do.', 'start': 7272.45, 'duration': 4.442}, {'end': 7278.253, 'text': 'so the user will enter in a number.', 'start': 7276.892, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 7281.534, 'text': "they'll enter in whatever operator they want to use.", 'start': 7278.993, 'duration': 2.541}, {'end': 7284.375, 'text': 'so plus, minus, divide, multiply.', 'start': 7281.534, 'duration': 2.841}, {'end': 7288.917, 'text': "And then they'll enter in the second number and will perform the operation for them.", 'start': 7284.395, 'duration': 4.522}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on building an advanced calculator for basic arithmetic operations.', 'duration': 29.454, 'max_score': 7259.463, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw7259463.jpg'}, {'end': 7666.22, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7640.293, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 7644.774, 'text': 'in this tutorial I want to talk to you guys about using dictionaries in python.', 'start': 7640.293, 'duration': 4.481}, {'end': 7653.697, 'text': 'now a dictionary is a special structure in python which allows us to store information and what are called key value pairs.', 'start': 7645.274, 'duration': 8.423}, {'end': 7659.218, 'text': 'so essentially, I can just create a bunch of these different key value pairs and then,', 'start': 7654.337, 'duration': 4.881}, {'end': 7666.22, 'text': 'when I want to access a specific piece of information inside of the dictionary, I can just refer to it by its key.', 'start': 7659.218, 'duration': 7.002}], 'summary': 'This tutorial discusses using dictionaries in python to store key-value pairs.', 'duration': 25.927, 'max_score': 7640.293, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw7640293.jpg'}], 'start': 5931.982, 'title': 'Python control flow and data structures', 'summary': "Covers using return and if statements, python's if statements, comparison operators, building a python calculator, and python dictionaries. it emphasizes practical implementation and examples with flexibility and commonality of comparison operators, showcasing key-value pair storage in dictionaries and practical applications of if statements in python. it provides examples of everyday scenarios and different conditions with quantifiable data, preparing the audience for practical implementation.", 'chapters': [{'end': 6228.34, 'start': 5931.982, 'title': 'Using return statements and if statements in python', 'summary': 'Covers the basics of using return statements in python functions, emphasizing the impact of the return keyword on program flow, and introduces if statements, explaining their role in making decisions and providing everyday examples. it also discusses the structure and complexity of if statements, preparing the audience for practical implementation.', 'duration': 296.358, 'highlights': ['The basics of using return statements in Python functions and the impact of the return keyword on program flow', 'Introduction to if statements in Python and their role in making decisions', 'Explanation of everyday examples of if statements and their relevance to program decision-making']}, {'end': 6823.821, 'start': 6229.12, 'title': 'Python if statements tutorial', 'summary': 'Introduces basic if statements in python, covering the use of boolean variables, if-else, and if-elif-else statements, along with examples demonstrating the different conditions and their respective outcomes.', 'duration': 594.701, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces basic if statements in Python, covering the use of boolean variables, if-else, and if-elif-else statements, along with examples demonstrating the different conditions and their respective outcomes.', "Demonstrates the use of boolean variables in Python, with an example of a boolean variable 'is_male' being set to true, and how it is used within an if statement to execute specific code based on its value.", "Explains the use of if-else statements in Python, detailing how code indentation and the 'else' keyword are utilized to handle situations when the if condition is not met, with a practical example of checking if a person is male or not.", "Illustrates the use of logical operators 'or' and 'and' within if statements, showcasing how multiple conditions can be checked simultaneously to determine the outcome of the code execution.", "Introduces the 'elif' statement in Python, showing how it can be used to add additional conditions to if-else statements, with examples such as checking for a short male or a non-male but tall individual."]}, {'end': 7233.933, 'start': 6823.821, 'title': 'Using comparison operators in python', 'summary': 'Introduces the usage of comparison operators in python and demonstrates how to create a function that returns the maximum of three numbers using if statements and comparison operators, emphasizing the flexibility and commonality of comparison operators with different data types in python.', 'duration': 410.112, 'highlights': ["The function 'max numb' is created to return the largest number among three input parameters, demonstrating the use of if statements and comparison operators to determine the maximum value (e.g., returning the largest number among 3, 4, and 5 as 5).", 'The tutorial emphasizes the common usage of comparison operators in Python, illustrating their application for comparing not only numbers but also strings and booleans, and introduces basic comparison operators such as double equal sign, not equals, greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than or equal to.']}, {'end': 7636.29, 'start': 7233.933, 'title': 'Building a python calculator', 'summary': 'Discusses building a more advanced calculator in python that performs basic arithmetic operations and utilizes if statements for practical application, showcasing how to get user input, convert it into numbers, and use if statements to handle different operations, resulting in a functional calculator.', 'duration': 402.357, 'highlights': ['The calculator allows users to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, enabling them to specify the desired operation, demonstrating practical application of if statements.', 'User input is obtained for the first number, operator, and second number, with the values converted to float data type to enable arithmetic operations, ensuring the input is valid for calculations.', 'The use of if statements to check the operator entered by the user, followed by conditional execution based on the operator, ensuring the correct arithmetic operation is performed, showcasing the practical application of if statements for handling different operations.', "The program demonstrates error handling by using an else statement to print 'invalid operator' if the user enters an operation that is not specified, enhancing the robustness of the calculator.", 'The functional calculator successfully performs arithmetic operations based on user input, showcasing the effectiveness of using if statements for practical applications and error handling.']}, {'end': 8016.082, 'start': 7640.293, 'title': 'Python dictionaries tutorial', 'summary': "Introduces the concept of dictionaries in python, explaining their use for storing key-value pairs and demonstrates creating a dictionary to convert three-digit month names into full month names, providing examples and highlighting the unique key requirement. it also shows how to access values using keys and introduces the 'get' function, including specifying a default value for keys not found in the dictionary.", 'duration': 375.789, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of dictionaries in Python, explaining their use for storing key-value pairs', 'Creating a dictionary to convert three-digit month names into full month names, providing examples and highlighting the unique key requirement', "Shows how to access values using keys and introduces the 'get' function, including specifying a default value for keys not found in the dictionary"]}], 'duration': 2084.1, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw5931982.jpg', 'highlights': ['The calculator allows users to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, enabling them to specify the desired operation, demonstrating practical application of if statements.', 'The basics of using return statements in Python functions and the impact of the return keyword on program flow.', "The function 'max numb' is created to return the largest number among three input parameters, demonstrating the use of if statements and comparison operators to determine the maximum value.", 'The chapter introduces the concept of dictionaries in Python, explaining their use for storing key-value pairs.', 'The chapter introduces basic if statements in Python, covering the use of boolean variables, if-else, and if-elif-else statements, along with examples demonstrating the different conditions and their respective outcomes.']}, {'end': 9154.525, 'segs': [{'end': 8091.288, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8041.934, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 8044.376, 'text': "so that's one of the basics of using dictionaries.", 'start': 8041.934, 'duration': 2.442}, {'end': 8051.701, 'text': "they can be really useful to store key value pairs and, honestly, you're going to be using them a lot in python to store different types of data.", 'start': 8044.376, 'duration': 7.325}, {'end': 8060.545, 'text': 'in this tutorial I want to talk to you guys about while loops in python.', 'start': 8056.741, 'duration': 3.804}, {'end': 8070.235, 'text': 'now a while loop is basically a structure in python which allows us to loop through and execute a block of code multiple times.', 'start': 8060.565, 'duration': 9.67}, {'end': 8074.059, 'text': 'so I could specify like a few different lines of code,', 'start': 8070.856, 'duration': 3.203}, {'end': 8079.864, 'text': 'and then I can put that code inside of a while loop and it would basically loop through that code,', 'start': 8074.059, 'duration': 5.805}, {'end': 8084.505, 'text': 'executing it repeatedly until a certain condition was false.', 'start': 8079.864, 'duration': 4.641}, {'end': 8091.288, 'text': "so while loops can be awesome and there's a lot of situations in python where we're going to want to loop through specific lines of code.", 'start': 8085.086, 'duration': 6.202}], 'summary': 'Dictionaries are essential in python for storing key-value pairs. while loops allow repetition until a condition is false.', 'duration': 49.354, 'max_score': 8041.934, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw8041934.jpg'}, {'end': 8436.227, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8409.914, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 8416.598, 'text': "and in this guessing game we're actually going to be using all sorts of cool programming structures that we've learned up to this point in the course.", 'start': 8409.914, 'duration': 6.684}, {'end': 8424.042, 'text': "so we're going to be using things like if statements and while loops and variables and all these cool things in order to build this game.", 'start': 8417.038, 'duration': 7.004}, {'end': 8428.204, 'text': 'so the basic idea is we will specify like a secret word.', 'start': 8424.042, 'duration': 4.162}, {'end': 8436.227, 'text': "so we'll have a secret word that we store inside of our program and then the user can interact with the program and try to guess the secret word.", 'start': 8428.624, 'duration': 7.603}], 'summary': 'Using programming structures to create a guessing game with a secret word.', 'duration': 26.313, 'max_score': 8409.914, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw8409914.jpg'}, {'end': 8534.853, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8511.675, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 8519.138, 'text': 'and we can use a while loop in order to continually ask the person to guess the word until they guess it correctly.', 'start': 8511.675, 'duration': 7.463}, {'end': 8528.646, 'text': "so let's go ahead and create our while loop so I'm going to say while and after I say while I need to specify a looping condition or a looping guard.", 'start': 8519.718, 'duration': 8.928}, {'end': 8534.853, 'text': "basically this is something that as long as it's true we're going to keep looping through this loop.", 'start': 8529.126, 'duration': 5.727}], 'summary': 'Use a while loop to continually ask user to guess word until correct.', 'duration': 23.178, 'max_score': 8511.675, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw8511675.jpg'}, {'end': 8686.2, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8656.321, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 8660.702, 'text': "a lot of times, when we're making a guessing game, we want to set a limit.", 'start': 8656.321, 'duration': 4.381}, {'end': 8666.243, 'text': 'so in other words, I want to set a limit for the number of times that the user can try to guess the word.', 'start': 8660.702, 'duration': 5.541}, {'end': 8669.364, 'text': "so let's say that the user has three tries.", 'start': 8666.783, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 8675.945, 'text': "right, they have three guesses in order to guess the word, and if they can't guess the word after three tries, then they're going to lose the game.", 'start': 8669.364, 'duration': 6.581}, {'end': 8680.712, 'text': "but if they can guess the word inside of three tries then they'll win the game right.", 'start': 8676.405, 'duration': 4.307}, {'end': 8686.2, 'text': "I think that would be a little bit more of a fun game so why don't we try to program that game.", 'start': 8681.072, 'duration': 5.128}], 'summary': 'Creating a guessing game where users have three tries to guess the word.', 'duration': 29.879, 'max_score': 8656.321, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw8656321.jpg'}, {'end': 9135.17, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 8960.996, 'weight': 0.762, 'content': [{'end': 8969.085, 'text': "and so I'm going to use an if statement to figure out which is which I'm going to say if and we're just going to take out of guesses.", 'start': 8960.996, 'duration': 8.089}, {'end': 8977.16, 'text': 'and if the user is out of guesses then I want to print of you lose.', 'start': 8970.706, 'duration': 6.454}, {'end': 8979.322, 'text': "so we're basically going to be like you lost the game.", 'start': 8977.301, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 8985.525, 'text': "otherwise though, if they're not out of guesses, that means that they guessed the word correctly.", 'start': 8980.282, 'duration': 5.243}, {'end': 8987.206, 'text': "so we're just going to print out you win.", 'start': 8985.545, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 8988.807, 'text': 'all right.', 'start': 8988.507, 'duration': 0.3}, {'end': 8995.012, 'text': "so now we have all the logic for this little guessing game set up, and let's see if we can run it and play through it.", 'start': 8988.807, 'duration': 6.205}, {'end': 9000.797, 'text': "so I'm just going to run this program and now it's going to tell us to enter a guess.", 'start': 8995.012, 'duration': 5.785}, {'end': 9003.379, 'text': "so why don't we enter more guesses than we have?", 'start': 9000.797, 'duration': 2.582}, {'end': 9004.479, 'text': "so we're going to try to lose the game.", 'start': 9003.379, 'duration': 1.1}, {'end': 9008.863, 'text': "so I'm just going to enter one guess, two guesses, and now I'm on my final guess.", 'start': 9004.479, 'duration': 4.384}, {'end': 9012.385, 'text': "so if I don't get it here, we should actually lose the game.", 'start': 9008.863, 'duration': 3.522}, {'end': 9015.649, 'text': 'and you can see, it says out of guesses, you lose.', 'start': 9013.206, 'duration': 2.443}, {'end': 9019.452, 'text': "so we weren't able to guess it in the number of tries that we had.", 'start': 9016.049, 'duration': 3.403}, {'end': 9022.795, 'text': "let's run the program again and we'll try to win the game.", 'start': 9020.233, 'duration': 2.562}, {'end': 9024.857, 'text': "so we'll get a couple wrong.", 'start': 9023.056, 'duration': 1.801}, {'end': 9028.301, 'text': "let's say we're on our last gas and I'm like OK I can do this.", 'start': 9025.398, 'duration': 2.903}, {'end': 9032.405, 'text': 'so I type in the word and bam, we won the game.', 'start': 9029.022, 'duration': 3.383}, {'end': 9037.49, 'text': "so that's how we can basically create a game where we have a guess limit.", 'start': 9032.405, 'duration': 5.085}, {'end': 9039.572, 'text': 'so this is a lot of code.', 'start': 9037.49, 'duration': 2.082}, {'end': 9045.377, 'text': "let me walk you guys through this one more time, so you can just get a full understanding of what we're doing up here.", 'start': 9039.572, 'duration': 5.805}, {'end': 9047.359, 'text': 'I created a few different variables.', 'start': 9045.377, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 9051.242, 'text': 'we created this secret word variable and we created this gas variable.', 'start': 9047.359, 'duration': 3.883}, {'end': 9054.927, 'text': 'then we also created some more variable.', 'start': 9052.003, 'duration': 2.924}, {'end': 9062.716, 'text': 'so we created this guest count variable, and this just keeps track of how many times the user has guessed the word.', 'start': 9054.927, 'duration': 7.789}, {'end': 9069.524, 'text': "and you can see down here every time we give them a guess, we're incrementing the guest count.", 'start': 9062.716, 'duration': 6.808}, {'end': 9076.352, 'text': 'we also have gas limit, and gas limit is telling the program how many times the user can guess.', 'start': 9070.444, 'duration': 5.908}, {'end': 9084.282, 'text': "so before I go through this while loop the first thing I'm doing is I'm checking to see that the gas count is less than the gas limit.", 'start': 9077.133, 'duration': 7.149}, {'end': 9088.027, 'text': 'in other words do they still have some guesses left.', 'start': 9084.682, 'duration': 3.345}, {'end': 9091.928, 'text': "if they do, then we're going to get the input from the user.", 'start': 9088.547, 'duration': 3.381}, {'end': 9096.969, 'text': 'Otherwise, we have this other variable up here called out of guesses.', 'start': 9092.508, 'duration': 4.461}, {'end': 9101.07, 'text': 'And out of guesses is going to tell us whether or not they have some guesses left.', 'start': 9097.549, 'duration': 3.521}, {'end': 9104.731, 'text': 'So this is equal to false, that means they have some guesses.', 'start': 9101.61, 'duration': 3.121}, {'end': 9110.672, 'text': "If it's equal to true, however, it means no more dice, no more guesses, they are done.", 'start': 9105.331, 'duration': 5.341}, {'end': 9111.813, 'text': 'So they lost the game.', 'start': 9110.813, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 9116.214, 'text': 'The last thing we needed to do was specify an additional condition up here.', 'start': 9112.353, 'duration': 3.861}, {'end': 9124.467, 'text': 'so we are going to keep looping through the code inside of this loop as long as the conditions up here are true.', 'start': 9116.954, 'duration': 7.513}, {'end': 9135.17, 'text': "so as long as they haven't guessed the word and as long as they're not out of guesses, we are going to keep looping through,", 'start': 9125.447, 'duration': 9.723}], 'summary': 'A guessing game program with a guess limit was created. when out of guesses, the user loses, and when guessed correctly, the user wins.', 'duration': 174.174, 'max_score': 8960.996, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw8960996.jpg'}], 'start': 8016.082, 'title': 'Python dictionaries, while loops, and guessing game logic', 'summary': 'Covers the basics of using dictionaries in python, including non-string keys, while loops functionality, and creating a guessing game with a limited number of guesses, providing practical implementations and examples.', 'chapters': [{'end': 8219.26, 'start': 8016.082, 'title': 'Python dictionaries and while loops', 'summary': 'Discusses the basics of using dictionaries in python, including the ability to use non-string keys, and then delves into the fundamentals of while loops, demonstrating how to create and utilize them to execute a block of code multiple times until a certain condition is false.', 'duration': 203.178, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the basics of using dictionaries in Python', 'While loops in Python allow executing a block of code multiple times until a certain condition is false']}, {'end': 8488.365, 'start': 8219.26, 'title': 'Understanding while loops in python', 'summary': 'Illustrates the functionality of while loops in python, demonstrating a program that iterates through a loop as long as the condition is true, ultimately ending with a basic guessing game implementation using if statements, while loops, and variables.', 'duration': 269.105, 'highlights': ["The program demonstrates a while loop that iterates through the code as long as the condition remains true, producing an output of numbers from one to ten before printing 'done with loop'.", 'The tutorial introduces a basic guessing game in Python, incorporating if statements, while loops, and variables to allow users to keep guessing the secret word until they get it right.', 'Explanation of how the program checks the condition at the beginning of each iteration through the while loop before executing the code inside the loop, illustrating the functionality of while loops in Python.']}, {'end': 8880.98, 'start': 8488.865, 'title': 'Building a guessing game', 'summary': 'Explains how to create a guessing game in python using a while loop, prompting the user to guess the secret word and allowing a limited number of guesses before determining a win or loss.', 'duration': 392.115, 'highlights': ['Creating a while loop to continually prompt the user to guess the word until correct', 'Implementing a limit on the number of guesses allowed', 'Prompting the user to input the secret word and breaking out of the loop when guessed correctly']}, {'end': 9154.525, 'start': 8881.3, 'title': 'Guessing game loop logic', 'summary': "Describes the logic for a guessing game loop with a guess limit, where the user continues looping as long as they haven't guessed the word and they're not out of guesses, with examples of winning and losing the game provided.", 'duration': 273.225, 'highlights': ["The loop continues as long as the user hasn't guessed the word and still has some guesses left, enforcing the guess limit.", 'The program increments the guess count and checks if the user still has some guesses left before accepting input.', "The 'out of guesses' variable determines if the user has exhausted their guesses, leading to a loss if true.", "The code includes conditions to print 'you lose' if the user is out of guesses and 'you win' if they haven't run out of guesses, indicating a correct guess."]}], 'duration': 1138.443, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw8016082.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial introduces a basic guessing game in Python, incorporating if statements, while loops, and variables to allow users to keep guessing the secret word until they get it right.', 'The chapter discusses the basics of using dictionaries in Python', 'While loops in Python allow executing a block of code multiple times until a certain condition is false', 'Creating a while loop to continually prompt the user to guess the word until correct', 'Implementing a limit on the number of guesses allowed']}, {'end': 10351.818, 'segs': [{'end': 9213.53, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9182.258, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 9185.781, 'text': "we'll use for loops in python to like loop through different arrays.", 'start': 9182.258, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 9193.143, 'text': 'or we can loop over like the letters inside of a string, or we could just loop through like a series of numbers.', 'start': 9186.361, 'duration': 6.782}, {'end': 9196.144, 'text': 'so for loops provide a very specific purpose.', 'start': 9193.543, 'duration': 2.601}, {'end': 9198.885, 'text': 'and the easiest way to kind of wrap your head around.', 'start': 9196.564, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 9202.666, 'text': 'why for loops are useful is just for me to show you guys a bunch of different examples.', 'start': 9198.885, 'duration': 3.781}, {'end': 9204.387, 'text': "so that's exactly what I'm going to do.", 'start': 9202.666, 'duration': 1.721}, {'end': 9207.568, 'text': "we're going to look at why, for loops are awesome.", 'start': 9204.927, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 9213.53, 'text': "so down here in my text file and my python file, I'm going to write out a couple of different for loops.", 'start': 9207.568, 'duration': 5.962}], 'summary': 'Using for loops in python to iterate through arrays, letters in strings, and series of numbers to demonstrate their usefulness.', 'duration': 31.272, 'max_score': 9182.258, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw9182258.jpg'}, {'end': 9618.705, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 9446.289, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 9455.874, 'text': "when I run this program, you guys will see that it's basically going to print out every number in the range from zero to ten, not including ten.", 'start': 9446.289, 'duration': 9.585}, {'end': 9464.098, 'text': "so, starting with zero, it's going to put out zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, but notice that it didn't print out ten.", 'start': 9455.874, 'duration': 8.224}, {'end': 9470.122, 'text': "so it's essentially just printing out all the numbers between zero and ten, not including ten.", 'start': 9464.098, 'duration': 6.024}, {'end': 9474.192, 'text': 'you can also specify a a range of numbers.', 'start': 9471.147, 'duration': 3.045}, {'end': 9483.547, 'text': 'so I could say, for example, like three and ten, and now this will print out all the numbers between three and ten, not including ten.', 'start': 9474.192, 'duration': 9.355}, {'end': 9484.668, 'text': "so we're on this program.", 'start': 9483.547, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 9490.618, 'text': 'and you can see we print out three four five six seven eight nine and not ten.', 'start': 9486.514, 'duration': 4.104}, {'end': 9500.168, 'text': 'so whatever value that you put here in this second position is not going to get included in the range, and ranges can be really useful.', 'start': 9491.299, 'duration': 8.869}, {'end': 9505.494, 'text': 'so, for example, I could use a range to loop through an array, just like we did before.', 'start': 9500.168, 'duration': 5.326}, {'end': 9515.792, 'text': 'so if I wanted I could say something like for index in range and now inside of this range I can pass in the length of the array.', 'start': 9505.925, 'duration': 9.867}, {'end': 9525.1, 'text': 'so, just so you guys know if I wanted to get the length of this array, in other words if I wanted to figure out how many elements were inside of it,', 'start': 9515.812, 'duration': 9.288}, {'end': 9530.047, 'text': 'I could just type out le n and then, inside parentheses, the name of the array.', 'start': 9525.1, 'duration': 4.947}, {'end': 9535.614, 'text': "and so this is going to spit out three, because there's three elements inside of here.", 'start': 9530.047, 'duration': 5.567}, {'end': 9536.916, 'text': 'right, kind of makes sense.', 'start': 9535.614, 'duration': 1.302}, {'end': 9545.502, 'text': 'so what I can do is I can say down here inside of this range function I can just type in l e n and then friends.', 'start': 9537.777, 'duration': 7.725}, {'end': 9554.568, 'text': "and so what this is going to do is it's going to essentially give me a range between zero and the number of friends inside of this list.", 'start': 9546.042, 'duration': 8.526}, {'end': 9564.748, 'text': 'so down here I could actually type out friends index, and this will allow me to access each individual friend inside of this list,', 'start': 9554.568, 'duration': 10.18}, {'end': 9565.728, 'text': 'just like we did before.', 'start': 9564.748, 'duration': 0.98}, {'end': 9567.509, 'text': "but now I'm doing it with a range.", 'start': 9565.728, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 9571.571, 'text': "so you can see, I'm taking out a gym, can, kevin?", 'start': 9568.069, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 9582.975, 'text': "so actually, for each iteration through this loop it's basically going to be printing out friends, zero, friends one and then friends too,", 'start': 9571.571, 'duration': 11.404}, {'end': 9591.522, 'text': "because in here we're passing in a three, and remember whatever I pass in there it's going to range from zero all the way up to that number,", 'start': 9582.975, 'duration': 8.547}, {'end': 9593.064, 'text': 'but not including that number.', 'start': 9591.522, 'duration': 1.542}, {'end': 9600.873, 'text': "so that's another way that we could print out all the elements in the array, and looping through something like an array is actually a very,", 'start': 9593.064, 'duration': 7.809}, {'end': 9603.536, 'text': 'very common use case for for loops.', 'start': 9600.873, 'duration': 2.663}, {'end': 9610.1, 'text': 'but, like I said, we can use for loops to loop through essentially any collection that we have, so we can loop through like a string.', 'start': 9604.016, 'duration': 6.084}, {'end': 9613.321, 'text': 'we could also loop through, you know, something like an array.', 'start': 9610.1, 'duration': 3.221}, {'end': 9618.705, 'text': "so this can be really useful, and that's one of the basics of for loops in python.", 'start': 9613.321, 'duration': 5.384}], 'summary': 'The program prints numbers in a range, excluding the upper limit, and demonstrates the use of for loops to iterate through collections such as arrays and strings in python.', 'duration': 172.416, 'max_score': 9446.289, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw9446289.jpg'}, {'end': 9718.392, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9683.467, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 9686.85, 'text': "in this tutorial, I'm going to show you guys how to build an exponent function.", 'start': 9683.467, 'duration': 3.383}, {'end': 9693.736, 'text': 'now. an exponent function is basically going to allow us to take a certain number and raise it to a specific power.', 'start': 9686.85, 'duration': 6.886}, {'end': 9696.899, 'text': "so in python there's actually a really easy way to do this.", 'start': 9694.276, 'duration': 2.623}, {'end': 9699.181, 'text': 'I can come down here and I can print.', 'start': 9696.899, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 9705.446, 'text': 'we could say like two, and we can just do two multiplication signs and I could say three,', 'start': 9699.181, 'duration': 6.265}, {'end': 9709.29, 'text': 'and this is basically just going to be to raise to the third power.', 'start': 9705.446, 'duration': 3.844}, {'end': 9718.392, 'text': "so you can see here I can just print this out and we get eight because that's two cubes so it's really easy to do exponents in python.", 'start': 9710.09, 'duration': 8.302}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on building an exponent function in python, demonstrating raising 2 to the power of 3 resulting in 8.', 'duration': 34.925, 'max_score': 9683.467, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw9683467.jpg'}, {'end': 9966.699, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9938.697, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 9941.338, 'text': 'and inside of these parentheses, remember, we can pass two numbers.', 'start': 9938.697, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 9944.661, 'text': "so let's raise three to the second power.", 'start': 9941.338, 'duration': 3.323}, {'end': 9947.443, 'text': "so we're just going to square three and we'll see how this works.", 'start': 9944.661, 'duration': 2.782}, {'end': 9952.948, 'text': "so from the program and you can see down here in the console, we're getting nine.", 'start': 9947.443, 'duration': 5.505}, {'end': 9955.21, 'text': "let's try something a little bit crazier.", 'start': 9952.948, 'duration': 2.262}, {'end': 9960.554, 'text': "let's try three to the fourth power and we'll run this and get eighty one.", 'start': 9955.21, 'duration': 5.344}, {'end': 9963.036, 'text': "so that's three to the fourth power.", 'start': 9960.554, 'duration': 2.482}, {'end': 9966.699, 'text': "let's try to to the third power and we're getting eight.", 'start': 9963.036, 'duration': 3.663}], 'summary': 'Raising numbers to powers: 3^2=9, 3^4=81, 2^3=8.', 'duration': 28.002, 'max_score': 9938.697, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw9938697.jpg'}, {'end': 10270.227, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10243.48, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 10248.464, 'text': 'nested for loop is a situation, like I said, where we have a for loop inside of a for loop,', 'start': 10243.48, 'duration': 4.984}, {'end': 10255.51, 'text': "and I'll show you how we can use this nested for loop in order to print out all the elements inside of this array.", 'start': 10248.464, 'duration': 7.046}, {'end': 10261.455, 'text': 'so I basically show you guys how to parse through a two dimensional list or a two dimensional array.', 'start': 10255.51, 'duration': 5.945}, {'end': 10262.015, 'text': 'all right.', 'start': 10261.715, 'duration': 0.3}, {'end': 10264.078, 'text': "so basically we're just going to create a normal for loop.", 'start': 10262.015, 'duration': 2.063}, {'end': 10270.227, 'text': "so I'm going to say four and I'm just going to say row in number grid.", 'start': 10264.078, 'duration': 6.149}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating nested for loop to iterate through a two-dimensional array.', 'duration': 26.747, 'max_score': 10243.48, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw10243480.jpg'}], 'start': 9154.785, 'title': 'Python programming concepts', 'summary': 'Covers python programming concepts such as for loops, exponent functions, and two-dimensional lists. it demonstrates the usage of for loops in python, building an exponent function using for loops, and working with two-dimensional lists and nested for loops.', 'chapters': [{'end': 9678.989, 'start': 9154.785, 'title': 'Using for loops in python', 'summary': 'Discusses the usage of for loops in python, demonstrating how to loop through different collections such as strings, arrays, and numbers, and showcasing the flexibility and utility of for loops in various programming scenarios.', 'duration': 524.204, 'highlights': ['Demonstrating how to loop through different collections such as strings, arrays, and numbers', 'Showcasing the flexibility and utility of for loops in various programming scenarios', 'Explaining the concept of iterating through a range of numbers and its application in program logic']}, {'end': 10016.59, 'start': 9683.467, 'title': 'Python exponent function tutorial', 'summary': 'Demonstrates building an exponent function in python using for loops to raise a number to a specific power, achieving 3 to the power of 4 equal to 81 and 2 to the power of 3 equal to 8, showcasing the functionality of the created raise to power function.', 'duration': 333.123, 'highlights': ['The function demonstrates raising numbers to specific powers using for loops and showcases examples such as 3 to the power of 4 equal to 81 and 2 to the power of 3 equal to 8, proving the functionality of the created raise to power function.', 'The tutorial shows the creation of an exponent function in Python using for loops, enabling the user to input a base number and a power number to achieve the desired result, exemplified by the successful calculation of 3 to the power of 4 equal to 81 and 2 to the power of 3 equal to 8.', 'It demonstrates the use of for loops to multiply the base number by itself as many times as the power number specifies, resulting in examples such as 3 to the power of 4 equal to 81 and 2 to the power of 3 equal to 8, effectively showcasing the functionality of the created raise to power function.']}, {'end': 10351.818, 'start': 10016.59, 'title': 'Python: two-dimensional lists and nested for loop', 'summary': 'Introduces two concepts in python: two-dimensional lists and nested for loops for parsing through a two-dimensional list, illustrating the creation and accessing of a two-dimensional list and the use of a nested for loop, demonstrating how to parse through the list to access individual elements.', 'duration': 335.228, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces two concepts in Python: two-dimensional lists and nested for loops for parsing through a two-dimensional list,', 'illustrating the creation and accessing of a two-dimensional list and the use of a nested for loop,', 'demonstrating how to parse through the list to access individual elements.']}], 'duration': 1197.033, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw9154785.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial shows the creation of an exponent function in Python using for loops, enabling the user to input a base number and a power number to achieve the desired result, exemplified by the successful calculation of 3 to the power of 4 equal to 81 and 2 to the power of 3 equal to 8.', 'Demonstrating how to loop through different collections such as strings, arrays, and numbers', 'The function demonstrates raising numbers to specific powers using for loops and showcases examples such as 3 to the power of 4 equal to 81 and 2 to the power of 3 equal to 8, proving the functionality of the created raise to power function.', 'The chapter introduces two concepts in Python: two-dimensional lists and nested for loops for parsing through a two-dimensional list,', 'Showcasing the flexibility and utility of for loops in various programming scenarios']}, {'end': 11560.263, 'segs': [{'end': 10378.372, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10352.018, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 10359.28, 'text': "so that's how we can use two dimensional lists and nested for loops together in both of those things are actually pretty handy in python.", 'start': 10352.018, 'duration': 7.262}, {'end': 10368.799, 'text': "in this tutorial I'm going to show you how to build a basic translator in python.", 'start': 10363.993, 'duration': 4.806}, {'end': 10378.372, 'text': "so essentially we can take in a string so we can take in like a phrase or a word and we'll be able to translate it into a different language.", 'start': 10369.26, 'duration': 9.112}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating how to use two dimensional lists and nested for loops in python to build a basic translator for phrases or words.', 'duration': 26.354, 'max_score': 10352.018, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw10352018.jpg'}, {'end': 10712.202, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10687.714, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 10694.016, 'text': "so that's kind of cool and we can just keep running this as many times as we want so I can type in like to be or not to be.", 'start': 10687.714, 'duration': 6.302}, {'end': 10700.378, 'text': 'this is like a little bit longer of a string and you can see it translates it into our draft language.', 'start': 10694.696, 'duration': 5.682}, {'end': 10705.72, 'text': "so that's basically how we can create our little translator app and that's pretty cool.", 'start': 10700.818, 'duration': 4.902}, {'end': 10712.202, 'text': "as you can see we're using a for loop in combination with an if loop and that's a really powerful structure.", 'start': 10706.12, 'duration': 6.082}], 'summary': 'Creating a translator app using for and if loops.', 'duration': 24.488, 'max_score': 10687.714, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw10687714.jpg'}, {'end': 11081.034, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11052.484, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 11056.745, 'text': "And as you go forward in Python, I'm sure you'll find uses for comments.", 'start': 11052.484, 'duration': 4.261}, {'end': 11065.717, 'text': 'in this tutorial on a talk to you guys about catching errors in python.', 'start': 11060.771, 'duration': 4.946}, {'end': 11070.262, 'text': "a lot of times when we're running python programs, you'll encounter different errors,", 'start': 11066.297, 'duration': 3.965}, {'end': 11075.728, 'text': 'so different situations could come up and your program might throw an error or it might throw an exception.', 'start': 11070.262, 'duration': 5.466}, {'end': 11081.034, 'text': "and a lot of times when these situations happen they'll completely stop your program from running.", 'start': 11076.269, 'duration': 4.765}], 'summary': 'Python tutorial emphasizes the importance of catching errors to prevent program interruptions.', 'duration': 28.55, 'max_score': 11052.484, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw11052484.jpg'}, {'end': 11299.981, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11277.987, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 11286.673, 'text': 'so was able to handle the error they got called it was able to handle the invalid input error basically just told us hey no more input.', 'start': 11277.987, 'duration': 8.686}, {'end': 11293.617, 'text': 'so this is a really powerful thing that we can do in our python programs basically just to protect our programs right.', 'start': 11287.333, 'duration': 6.284}, {'end': 11299.981, 'text': "if I want to have my program running for a long period of time, I can't have something as simple as an invalid input.", 'start': 11294.057, 'duration': 5.924}], 'summary': 'Python program can handle error and invalid input, ensuring program stability.', 'duration': 21.994, 'max_score': 11277.987, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw11277987.jpg'}], 'start': 10352.018, 'title': 'Python language features and development', 'summary': 'Demonstrates building a basic python translator, creating a translator app, and discusses python comments and error handling. it emphasizes the use of two-dimensional lists and nested for loops, showcases the efficiency of the translator app, and the importance of error handling to prevent program termination.', 'chapters': [{'end': 10606.021, 'start': 10352.018, 'title': 'Python draft translator tutorial', 'summary': "Demonstrates how to build a basic translator in python which translates english words into a created language where all vowels become 'g', and emphasizes the use of two-dimensional lists and nested for loops as handy tools in python.", 'duration': 254.003, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates how to build a basic translator in Python', 'Emphasizes the use of two-dimensional lists and nested for loops as handy tools in Python', "Specifies the translation rule where all vowels become 'g'"]}, {'end': 10804.886, 'start': 10606.021, 'title': 'Creating a translator app', 'summary': "Demonstrates the creation of a translator app using a for loop and if statements to handle uppercase and lowercase letters, allowing users to input phrases and translating them into a 'draft language', showcasing the efficiency of the translator app and highlighting a potential improvement for the program.", 'duration': 198.865, 'highlights': ["The program demonstrates the creation of a translator app using a for loop and if statements to handle uppercase and lowercase letters, allowing users to input phrases and translating them into a 'draft language'.", "It showcases the efficiency of the translator app by demonstrating its ability to translate phrases entered by the user into the designated 'draft language'.", 'The chapter highlights a potential improvement for the program, suggesting the use of a more efficient method for checking if a letter is in lowercase or uppercase, leading to improved performance of the translator app.']}, {'end': 11096.849, 'start': 10804.886, 'title': 'Python comments and error handling', 'summary': 'Discusses the use of comments in python to document code and the importance of error handling to prevent program termination, emphasizing the ability to recognize and handle specific errors to ensure continuous execution.', 'duration': 291.963, 'highlights': ['Comments are used for leaving little comments in a python file, such as notes, reminders, and explanations for code lines.', 'The official Python style guide recommends using hashtags for multiple line comments, although triple quotation marks are also available for this purpose.', 'Comments can be used to comment out code, allowing developers to deactivate specific lines or blocks without deleting them.', 'Error handling in Python enables the recognition and handling of specific errors to prevent program termination and execute alternative actions.']}, {'end': 11560.263, 'start': 11096.849, 'title': 'Handling errors in python', 'summary': 'Demonstrates how to handle errors in python using try-except blocks to catch specific types of errors, such as invalid input and zero division error, to prevent program breakage and print out specific error messages.', 'duration': 463.414, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates how to handle errors in Python using try-except blocks to catch specific types of errors.', "The program throws an error when the user enters a non-integer value, and the try-except block catches and handles the error by printing 'invalid input' onto the screen.", 'Specific types of errors, such as zero division error and value error, are caught and handled using separate except blocks to print out specific error messages.', 'Best practice in Python is to use specific errors in try-except blocks, rather than using a broad except block that accepts any error.']}], 'duration': 1208.245, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw10352018.jpg', 'highlights': ["The program demonstrates the creation of a translator app using a for loop and if statements to handle uppercase and lowercase letters, allowing users to input phrases and translating them into a 'draft language'.", 'The chapter demonstrates how to handle errors in Python using try-except blocks to catch specific types of errors.', 'Emphasizes the use of two-dimensional lists and nested for loops as handy tools in Python', 'The chapter demonstrates how to build a basic translator in Python', 'Error handling in Python enables the recognition and handling of specific errors to prevent program termination and execute alternative actions.']}, {'end': 13381.947, 'segs': [{'end': 12652.134, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 12473.277, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 12476.759, 'text': "so that's one way that writing to files can be really useful.", 'start': 12473.277, 'duration': 3.482}, {'end': 12484.104, 'text': 'you can overwrite an existing file, you can write a new file and create it, or you can append on to the end of a file,', 'start': 12476.759, 'duration': 7.345}, {'end': 12490.808, 'text': "and there's tons of applications for writing to files and pythons a great language for working with reading,", 'start': 12484.104, 'duration': 6.704}, {'end': 12492.749, 'text': 'writing and doing all that stuff with files.', 'start': 12490.808, 'duration': 1.941}, {'end': 12501.084, 'text': 'in this tutorial I want to talk to you guys about using modules in python.', 'start': 12496.863, 'duration': 4.221}, {'end': 12508.026, 'text': 'now a module is essentially just a python file that we can import into our current python file.', 'start': 12501.524, 'duration': 6.502}, {'end': 12515.688, 'text': 'so, for example, if I wrote a python file that had a bunch of like useful functions or useful variables, or you know, other things like that', 'start': 12508.026, 'duration': 7.662}, {'end': 12523.677, 'text': "I can take that file, I could import it into the file I'm currently working on and I could actually access all of those functions,", 'start': 12516.448, 'duration': 7.229}, {'end': 12530.283, 'text': "all of those variables, all the stuff from that external file inside the file that I'm currently working on.", 'start': 12523.677, 'duration': 6.606}, {'end': 12534.104, 'text': "so I'm sure you guys how we can use modules and we'll talk about, like you know,", 'start': 12530.283, 'duration': 3.821}, {'end': 12539.666, 'text': 'where you can find awesome modules and really why modules make python and awesome language.', 'start': 12534.104, 'duration': 5.562}, {'end': 12547.088, 'text': "so over here in my text editor actually created this file and it's called useful tools dot python.", 'start': 12540.226, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 12554.11, 'text': 'and basically this file just has a bunch of sort of like useful tools that I might want to use in one of my programs.', 'start': 12547.608, 'duration': 6.502}, {'end': 12559.773, 'text': "so you'll see over here I have some variables this one is telling me how many feet are in a mile.", 'start': 12554.67, 'duration': 5.103}, {'end': 12567.038, 'text': "this one's telling me how many meters are in a kilometer and then we have this list here which lists out all of the members of the Beatles.", 'start': 12559.793, 'duration': 7.245}, {'end': 12572.402, 'text': 'I also have a couple different functions down here so I have this get file extension function.', 'start': 12567.739, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 12574.864, 'text': 'and this basically just was.', 'start': 12573.102, 'duration': 1.762}, {'end': 12577.786, 'text': "you know, you give it a file name, it'll tell you what the extension is,", 'start': 12574.864, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 12581.449, 'text': 'and then we have this other function down here which simulates rolling a dice.', 'start': 12577.786, 'duration': 3.663}, {'end': 12582.93, 'text': 'so you pass it a number.', 'start': 12581.449, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 12588.275, 'text': 'if I pass it like a six, it would roll a six sided dice by passing a nine and roll a nine sided dice, etc.', 'start': 12582.93, 'duration': 5.345}, {'end': 12598.904, 'text': "so this is like a python file that I wrote and it has some useful stuff in it and honestly there's a lot of stuff in here that I might want to use in the other python files that I work with.", 'start': 12588.275, 'duration': 10.629}, {'end': 12605.17, 'text': "so let's say I'm over here at this app dot python file and I'm thinking to myself.", 'start': 12599.324, 'duration': 5.846}, {'end': 12613.579, 'text': 'I think I could use one of those functions that was inside of that useful tools file actually yeah I need to simulate rolling a dice in my program.', 'start': 12605.19, 'duration': 8.389}, {'end': 12620.206, 'text': 'well instead of having to go over here copy this function and then paste it over here in my program.', 'start': 12614.44, 'duration': 5.766}, {'end': 12629.695, 'text': "I can actually just import this useful tools file and I'll be able to import all of these functions and all of these variables and attributes.", 'start': 12620.746, 'duration': 8.949}, {'end': 12640.425, 'text': "so the way I can do that is just by coming up here and I'm just going to go right at the top of my file and I'm just going to say import and then I want to type in the name of the file that I want to import.", 'start': 12630.296, 'duration': 10.129}, {'end': 12652.134, 'text': "so I'm just going to say useful underscore tools and pythons going to be smart enough to know that it should go off and grab all the stuff from this useful tools dot pie file.", 'start': 12640.425, 'duration': 11.709}], 'summary': 'Python allows importing modules, which are external files containing useful functions, variables, and other resources that can be accessed in the current file, providing flexibility and reusability.', 'duration': 42.411, 'max_score': 12473.277, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw12473277.jpg'}, {'end': 12724.51, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 12700.499, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 12710.082, 'text': 'and this is a really core concept in python, which is importing functionality from external python files,', 'start': 12700.499, 'duration': 9.583}, {'end': 12716.064, 'text': 'and this is like huge in python and this is seriously going to change the way that you create your python files.', 'start': 12710.082, 'duration': 5.982}, {'end': 12724.51, 'text': "so you'll notice like I didn't have to copy any functions or any variables or anything over into this file,", 'start': 12716.929, 'duration': 7.581}], 'summary': 'Importing functionality from external python files is a core concept in python.', 'duration': 24.011, 'max_score': 12700.499, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw12700499.jpg'}, {'end': 13089.175, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13062.535, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 13068.902, 'text': 'so the first thing you need to do, obviously, is find a python module that you want to install, the one download.', 'start': 13062.535, 'duration': 6.367}, {'end': 13073.846, 'text': 'and I have actually used one in the past python docs.', 'start': 13069.943, 'duration': 3.903}, {'end': 13079.929, 'text': "it's a external module that you can use to basically use python to create word documents, which is pretty cool,", 'start': 13073.846, 'duration': 6.083}, {'end': 13082.591, 'text': 'as you can like format word documents inside of it.', 'start': 13079.929, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 13085.512, 'text': "so I'm just going to look that up here in google.", 'start': 13082.591, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 13089.175, 'text': "I'm just going to type in python docs and like here's the thing.", 'start': 13085.512, 'duration': 3.663}], 'summary': 'Find and download the python module for creating word documents.', 'duration': 26.64, 'max_score': 13062.535, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13062535.jpg'}, {'end': 13158.475, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13129.807, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 13132.608, 'text': 'and you can use pip to install python modules.', 'start': 13129.807, 'duration': 2.801}, {'end': 13142.77, 'text': "it's referred to as a package manager, and a package manager basically just allows you to like install, manage, update and uninstall,", 'start': 13133.028, 'duration': 9.742}, {'end': 13144.671, 'text': 'like different python modules.', 'start': 13142.77, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 13147.071, 'text': 'so pip is extremely useful.', 'start': 13145.051, 'duration': 2.02}, {'end': 13151.252, 'text': "and in order for us to install python docs we're going to have to use pip.", 'start': 13147.711, 'duration': 3.541}, {'end': 13153.293, 'text': "so I'm gonna show you guys how we can do that.", 'start': 13151.792, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 13158.475, 'text': 'what I want to do is open up the command prompt or the terminal on my computer.', 'start': 13154.253, 'duration': 4.222}], 'summary': 'Pip is a package manager for installing, managing, updating, and uninstalling python modules, essential for installing python docs.', 'duration': 28.668, 'max_score': 13129.807, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13129807.jpg'}, {'end': 13295.368, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 13129.807, 'weight': 0.731, 'content': [{'end': 13132.608, 'text': 'and you can use pip to install python modules.', 'start': 13129.807, 'duration': 2.801}, {'end': 13142.77, 'text': "it's referred to as a package manager, and a package manager basically just allows you to like install, manage, update and uninstall,", 'start': 13133.028, 'duration': 9.742}, {'end': 13144.671, 'text': 'like different python modules.', 'start': 13142.77, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 13147.071, 'text': 'so pip is extremely useful.', 'start': 13145.051, 'duration': 2.02}, {'end': 13151.252, 'text': "and in order for us to install python docs we're going to have to use pip.", 'start': 13147.711, 'duration': 3.541}, {'end': 13153.293, 'text': "so I'm gonna show you guys how we can do that.", 'start': 13151.792, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 13158.475, 'text': 'what I want to do is open up the command prompt or the terminal on my computer.', 'start': 13154.253, 'duration': 4.222}, {'end': 13160.936, 'text': "if you're on a mac you want to open up your terminal.", 'start': 13159.015, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 13165.638, 'text': "if you're on a windows computer you want to open up your command prompt I'm using a windows right now.", 'start': 13161.496, 'duration': 4.142}, {'end': 13168.82, 'text': "so I'm just going to come down to the search bar and type in cmd.", 'start': 13165.658, 'duration': 3.162}, {'end': 13175.083, 'text': "and this command prompt should come up so I'm going to click this inside of the command prompt we can actually use a pip.", 'start': 13169.66, 'duration': 5.423}, {'end': 13181.706, 'text': 'the first thing you want to do is just check to make sure that pips installed and, like I said, if you have a newer version of python three,', 'start': 13175.223, 'duration': 6.483}, {'end': 13185.568, 'text': 'pip should come just pre installed and it should just work in here.', 'start': 13181.706, 'duration': 3.862}, {'end': 13191.071, 'text': "if you don't have a newer version of python three, though, you might have to install pip separately.", 'start': 13185.568, 'duration': 5.503}, {'end': 13196.595, 'text': "and there's tons of instructions online on how to install paper, so I'm just going to check to make sure that I have it.", 'start': 13191.411, 'duration': 5.184}, {'end': 13203.019, 'text': 'type in pip hyphen, hyphen version, and they should spit out the version of pip that I currently have.', 'start': 13196.595, 'duration': 6.424}, {'end': 13210.124, 'text': "so as long as we have pip then we're ready to install an external or third party python module.", 'start': 13203.5, 'duration': 6.624}, {'end': 13216.208, 'text': 'all I have to do is just say pip install and now I just want to type in the name of the python module.', 'start': 13210.625, 'duration': 5.583}, {'end': 13221.409, 'text': 'so in the case of python docs, it was just python docs like that.', 'start': 13216.208, 'duration': 5.201}, {'end': 13228.476, 'text': "Now again, you don't have to install python docs, I'm just doing this for this tutorial, just kind of show you guys how this is going to work.", 'start': 13221.889, 'duration': 6.587}, {'end': 13234.423, 'text': 'But you know, what you want to do is go online and look up some third party external Python modules.', 'start': 13228.877, 'duration': 5.546}, {'end': 13240.089, 'text': "And generally, like I'd say 90 to 95% of the time, you're going to be able to just install them using pip.", 'start': 13234.823, 'duration': 5.266}, {'end': 13243.491, 'text': "in the off case that you can't install them using pip.", 'start': 13240.649, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 13246.294, 'text': "chances are they'll be like some detailed installation instructions,", 'start': 13243.491, 'duration': 2.803}, {'end': 13252.859, 'text': 'but I would say for the most part any like legitimate python module is going to be able to install it using pip.', 'start': 13246.294, 'duration': 6.565}, {'end': 13261.286, 'text': "so over here I'm just going to say pip install and then the module name, so python hyphen docs, and when I click enter,", 'start': 13253.72, 'duration': 7.566}, {'end': 13264.048, 'text': 'this is going to go off and install python docs for us.', 'start': 13261.286, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 13269.333, 'text': "so I'm just going to enter and it's going to go off and install everything we need for python docs.", 'start': 13264.048, 'duration': 5.285}, {'end': 13275.666, 'text': 'so you can see we successfully installed python docs zero point eight point six.', 'start': 13270.56, 'duration': 5.106}, {'end': 13279.55, 'text': "so I'm not sure, you guys, where exactly this got placed.", 'start': 13276.166, 'duration': 3.384}, {'end': 13286.879, 'text': "so normally, when we install a external third party module, it's going to get put inside of this lib folder,", 'start': 13279.55, 'duration': 7.329}, {'end': 13291.123, 'text': "but it's going to get put inside of a special folder in here called site packages.", 'start': 13286.879, 'duration': 4.244}, {'end': 13295.368, 'text': 'so slight packages is a special folder and if I open this folder,', 'start': 13291.724, 'duration': 3.644}], 'summary': 'Using pip to install and manage python modules, checking for pip installation, and installing external modules with pip.', 'duration': 165.561, 'max_score': 13129.807, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13129807.jpg'}, {'end': 13246.294, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13221.889, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 13228.476, 'text': "Now again, you don't have to install python docs, I'm just doing this for this tutorial, just kind of show you guys how this is going to work.", 'start': 13221.889, 'duration': 6.587}, {'end': 13234.423, 'text': 'But you know, what you want to do is go online and look up some third party external Python modules.', 'start': 13228.877, 'duration': 5.546}, {'end': 13240.089, 'text': "And generally, like I'd say 90 to 95% of the time, you're going to be able to just install them using pip.", 'start': 13234.823, 'duration': 5.266}, {'end': 13243.491, 'text': "in the off case that you can't install them using pip.", 'start': 13240.649, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 13246.294, 'text': "chances are they'll be like some detailed installation instructions,", 'start': 13243.491, 'duration': 2.803}], 'summary': 'Most python modules can be installed using pip, 90-95% of the time.', 'duration': 24.405, 'max_score': 13221.889, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13221889.jpg'}], 'start': 11564.335, 'title': 'Python file handling and modules', 'summary': "Covers reading, working with, writing, and appending to files in python, along with importing functionality and installing external modules using pip, emphasizing the use of 'open' command, file handling functions, caution in file appending, benefits of using modules, and the process of installing 'python-docx' module.", 'chapters': [{'end': 11669.395, 'start': 11564.335, 'title': 'Reading external files in python', 'summary': "Covers the basics of reading external files in python using the 'open' command, and demonstrates how to access and parse through information stored in external files.", 'duration': 105.06, 'highlights': ['Python read command allows reading files stored outside of python files.', "Demonstrates opening and accessing a file in Python using the 'open' command.", 'Explains the mode of opening files in Python.']}, {'end': 12113.411, 'start': 11669.395, 'title': 'Working with files in python', 'summary': "Covers how to open, read, and close files in python, including using functions like 'readable', 'read', 'readline', and 'readlines' to interact with file content, demonstrating the importance of proper file handling and offering versatile ways to parse information from files.", 'duration': 444.016, 'highlights': ['Showing how to open, read, and close files in Python', "Demonstrating the 'readable' function to check if a file is readable", "Explaining the 'read', 'readline', and 'readlines' functions for file content retrieval"]}, {'end': 12554.11, 'start': 12113.411, 'title': 'Writing and appending to files in python', 'summary': 'Covers writing and appending to files in python, demonstrating how to read, append, overwrite, and create new files, and the caution required when appending to files. it also introduces the concept of using modules in python and their benefits.', 'duration': 440.699, 'highlights': ['Demonstrating appending to files and the caution required', 'Explaining the need for special characters when appending to files', 'Demonstrating overwriting and creating new files', 'Introduction to using modules in Python']}, {'end': 13004.308, 'start': 12554.67, 'title': 'Python modules and importing functionality', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of using modules in python to import functionality from external python files, emphasizing its significance in saving time and providing access to a wide range of built-in and external modules, including a demonstration of accessing and using modules and where they are stored in the computer.', 'duration': 449.638, 'highlights': ['Python modules allow importing functionality from external Python files, saving time and effort in rewriting code, and accessing a wide range of built-in and external modules.', 'Demonstrates accessing and using modules to import functions and attributes from an external Python file, showcasing the ability to access and utilize functions and variables without copying or pasting them into the program.', 'Explains where modules are stored in the computer, distinguishing between built-in modules and external modules, and showcasing the location of external modules in the lib folder of the Python installation directory.']}, {'end': 13381.947, 'start': 13004.308, 'title': 'Installing external python modules with pip', 'summary': "Explains how to install external python modules using pip, including finding, installing, and removing them, and highlights the usage of pip and the process of installing the 'python-docx' module.", 'duration': 377.639, 'highlights': ['pip is a package manager that allows you to install, manage, update, and uninstall different Python modules, making it extremely useful.', 'Finding external Python modules online is easy, and installing them using pip is possible 90-95% of the time, providing a straightforward process for adding new functionalities.', "The 'python-docx' module is used as a practical example for installation, demonstrating the process of using pip to install a specific external module."]}], 'duration': 1817.612, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw11564335.jpg', 'highlights': ['Demonstrates accessing and using modules to import functions and attributes from an external Python file, showcasing the ability to access and utilize functions and variables without copying or pasting them into the program.', 'pip is a package manager that allows you to install, manage, update, and uninstall different Python modules, making it extremely useful.', 'Python modules allow importing functionality from external Python files, saving time and effort in rewriting code, and accessing a wide range of built-in and external modules.', "The 'python-docx' module is used as a practical example for installation, demonstrating the process of using pip to install a specific external module.", 'Finding external Python modules online is easy, and installing them using pip is possible 90-95% of the time, providing a straightforward process for adding new functionalities.', "Covers reading, working with, writing, and appending to files in python, along with importing functionality and installing external modules using pip, emphasizing the use of 'open' command, file handling functions, caution in file appending, benefits of using modules, and the process of installing 'python-docx' module."]}, {'end': 15112.957, 'segs': [{'end': 13434.433, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13403.261, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 13405.942, 'text': "there's tons of these things out there and really,", 'start': 13403.261, 'duration': 2.681}, {'end': 13411.384, 'text': 'as a python programmer now what you can do is you can go out and play around with these different modules.', 'start': 13405.942, 'duration': 5.442}, {'end': 13421.708, 'text': 'I showed you the ins and outs of installing them and you can use pip to install all these different modules and you know you can make sure that you have them by checking the site packages folder or the lips folder.', 'start': 13411.704, 'duration': 10.004}, {'end': 13427.79, 'text': "but really now it's on you to just kind of go out and use these modules and don't shy away from this,", 'start': 13422.288, 'duration': 5.502}, {'end': 13434.433, 'text': "because modules are a huge part of python and you're definitely going to want to include them in your python stack.", 'start': 13427.79, 'duration': 6.643}], 'summary': 'Python programmers can explore and utilize various modules using pip, essential for the python stack.', 'duration': 31.172, 'max_score': 13403.261, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13403261.jpg'}, {'end': 13939.504, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 13753.102, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 13761.566, 'text': "and so in this program a student has a name, it has a major as a g, p, a, and it has a value that determines whether or not it's on probation.", 'start': 13753.102, 'duration': 8.464}, {'end': 13764.307, 'text': 'this right here is the student data type.', 'start': 13762.006, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 13771.69, 'text': "so if I'm representing a student inside of my program now, it has all of these attributes associated to it,", 'start': 13764.907, 'duration': 6.783}, {'end': 13773.951, 'text': "and that's basically what I'm doing up here.", 'start': 13771.69, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 13782.674, 'text': 'now, inside of this initialized function, we actually have to do something, and basically what I want to do is assign some values.', 'start': 13773.951, 'duration': 8.723}, {'end': 13787.976, 'text': "so I'm going to be writing out some stuff, and this might not make total sense right now,", 'start': 13782.674, 'duration': 5.302}, {'end': 13792.638, 'text': 'but this is going to make sense in a second after we create our first student object.', 'start': 13787.976, 'duration': 4.662}, {'end': 13798.139, 'text': "so just stick with me right now and just basically know that we have to do what I'm doing over here.", 'start': 13793.138, 'duration': 5.001}, {'end': 13802.04, 'text': "so I'm just going to say self dot name is equal to name.", 'start': 13798.139, 'duration': 3.901}, {'end': 13808.802, 'text': "and then I'm going to say self dot major is equal to major, self dot g p a is equal to g p a.", 'start': 13802.04, 'duration': 6.762}, {'end': 13816.444, 'text': "and I'm going to say self dot is on probation, is equal to is on probation.", 'start': 13808.802, 'duration': 7.642}, {'end': 13823.305, 'text': 'so again, this might not make a whole lot of sense right now, but in a little bit this is going to make total sense.', 'start': 13816.88, 'duration': 6.425}, {'end': 13830.53, 'text': 'so now that I have this student class defined, I can actually use this class inside of my other files.', 'start': 13823.305, 'duration': 7.225}, {'end': 13836.155, 'text': "so I'm going to come over here into this app dot python file, and this is just my main file.", 'start': 13830.53, 'duration': 5.625}, {'end': 13838.917, 'text': 'so I actually want to create a student, right.', 'start': 13836.155, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 13847.304, 'text': 'so in that student class we defined the student data type and we basically said like hey, a student has a name, a major, a, g, p, a,', 'start': 13838.917, 'duration': 8.387}, {'end': 13849.928, 'text': "and it says whether or not they're on probation.", 'start': 13847.304, 'duration': 2.624}, {'end': 13856.218, 'text': "that's like the template for what a student is, but we can actually create a student.", 'start': 13849.928, 'duration': 6.29}, {'end': 13861.545, 'text': "so we can create an actual student and give it some information, and that's called an object.", 'start': 13856.218, 'duration': 5.327}, {'end': 13868.17, 'text': 'so this student class over here is basically defining what a student is.', 'start': 13862.086, 'duration': 6.084}, {'end': 13872.813, 'text': 'so a class is just like an overview of what the student data type is.', 'start': 13868.17, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 13879.537, 'text': "an object is an actual student, so it's an actual student with a name, a major and a g p a.", 'start': 13872.813, 'duration': 6.724}, {'end': 13881.538, 'text': "it's not just this template anymore.", 'start': 13879.537, 'duration': 2.001}, {'end': 13885.06, 'text': "it's actually like a student that we're representing inside of our program.", 'start': 13881.538, 'duration': 3.522}, {'end': 13892.624, 'text': 'so in order to use that student class and create a student object, I actually need to import that.', 'start': 13885.06, 'duration': 7.564}, {'end': 13904.389, 'text': 'so all I have to do over here is just say from student and this is referring to this student file I can say import student,', 'start': 13892.624, 'duration': 11.765}, {'end': 13909.311, 'text': 'and basically what this is saying is from the student file.', 'start': 13905.249, 'duration': 4.062}, {'end': 13911.532, 'text': 'I want to import the student class.', 'start': 13909.311, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 13914.873, 'text': "so, even though these are both student, they're referring to different things.", 'start': 13911.872, 'duration': 3.001}, {'end': 13919.615, 'text': 'so this is referring to the file and this is referring to the actual student class.', 'start': 13914.873, 'duration': 4.742}, {'end': 13922.357, 'text': 'so, now that we did this, we can create a student.', 'start': 13920.036, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 13927.139, 'text': 'so so you can create an object of a class, a lot like you would a normal variable.', 'start': 13922.357, 'duration': 4.782}, {'end': 13928.759, 'text': 'so I can just give it a name.', 'start': 13927.139, 'duration': 1.62}, {'end': 13937.923, 'text': "I'm going to call this student one and I'm just going to set it equal to student and I'm gonna make an open and close parentheses and now,", 'start': 13928.759, 'duration': 9.164}, {'end': 13939.504, 'text': 'inside of this parentheses.', 'start': 13937.923, 'duration': 1.581}], 'summary': 'A program defines a student data type, initializes its attributes, and creates a student object.', 'duration': 186.402, 'max_score': 13753.102, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13753102.jpg'}, {'end': 13892.624, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13862.086, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 13868.17, 'text': 'so this student class over here is basically defining what a student is.', 'start': 13862.086, 'duration': 6.084}, {'end': 13872.813, 'text': 'so a class is just like an overview of what the student data type is.', 'start': 13868.17, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 13879.537, 'text': "an object is an actual student, so it's an actual student with a name, a major and a g p a.", 'start': 13872.813, 'duration': 6.724}, {'end': 13881.538, 'text': "it's not just this template anymore.", 'start': 13879.537, 'duration': 2.001}, {'end': 13885.06, 'text': "it's actually like a student that we're representing inside of our program.", 'start': 13881.538, 'duration': 3.522}, {'end': 13892.624, 'text': 'so in order to use that student class and create a student object, I actually need to import that.', 'start': 13885.06, 'duration': 7.564}], 'summary': 'The student class defines a student data type with attributes like name, major, and gpa, which can be represented as an object in the program.', 'duration': 30.538, 'max_score': 13862.086, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13862086.jpg'}, {'end': 14385.666, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 14357.264, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 14361.289, 'text': 'I need to keep track of what we want to ask and I need to capture to keep track of what the answer is.', 'start': 14357.264, 'duration': 4.025}, {'end': 14365.515, 'text': "so what I'm actually going to do is create a question class.", 'start': 14361.81, 'duration': 3.705}, {'end': 14376.262, 'text': "so I'm going to create a little data type for questions and inside of that question class will be able to store the question prompts and we'll also be able to store the questions answer.", 'start': 14365.515, 'duration': 10.747}, {'end': 14385.666, 'text': "so I'm just going to come over here to my folder and I'm going to make a new python file and we're just going to call this question dot p y,", 'start': 14376.802, 'duration': 8.864}], 'summary': 'Creating a question class to store question prompts and answers in a new python file.', 'duration': 28.402, 'max_score': 14357.264, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw14357264.jpg'}, {'end': 14894.954, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 14404.11, 'weight': 0.953, 'content': [{'end': 14411.092, 'text': "in it to underscores and then we're going to type out an open and close parentheses self and then a colon.", 'start': 14404.11, 'duration': 6.982}, {'end': 14419.058, 'text': 'so, after this self, we wanted to find the different attributes that will describe or that will be included in a question.', 'start': 14411.852, 'duration': 7.206}, {'end': 14423.861, 'text': "so we're going to include a prompt and we're going to include an answer.", 'start': 14419.058, 'duration': 4.803}, {'end': 14427.864, 'text': 'so every question will have a question prompt and a question answer.', 'start': 14423.861, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 14429.145, 'text': 'now down here.', 'start': 14428.345, 'duration': 0.8}, {'end': 14434.51, 'text': 'I want to take those values and assign them to the actual class objects.', 'start': 14429.145, 'duration': 5.365}, {'end': 14442.575, 'text': "so I'm going to say self dot prompt is equal to prompt and we say self dot answer is equal to answer.", 'start': 14434.51, 'duration': 8.065}, {'end': 14449.218, 'text': 'so now we have a question class set up and we can store all the information we need about a question.', 'start': 14442.995, 'duration': 6.223}, {'end': 14453.521, 'text': 'so what I want to do now is go back over to my app dot python file.', 'start': 14449.939, 'duration': 3.582}, {'end': 14456.902, 'text': "and we're actually going to create an array of questions.", 'start': 14454.401, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 14462.285, 'text': "so I have over here these three prompts and I'm actually just going to create another array.", 'start': 14457.402, 'duration': 4.883}, {'end': 14471.749, 'text': "so we'll just call it questions and I'm just going to set it equal to two open and close square brackets and we're going to start creating question objects.", 'start': 14462.285, 'duration': 9.464}, {'end': 14487.46, 'text': 'so I can just say the first element in this questions array will be a question and we want to pass question prompts zero and the answer to the first question was a red green.', 'start': 14471.749, 'duration': 15.711}, {'end': 14488.6, 'text': "that's the color of apples.", 'start': 14487.46, 'duration': 1.14}, {'end': 14496.025, 'text': "so I'm going to pass that first question and I'm also going to pass the answer, which is a, and you'll see down here I'm getting an error.", 'start': 14488.6, 'duration': 7.425}, {'end': 14498.947, 'text': 'so saying unresolved reference question.', 'start': 14496.025, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 14505.051, 'text': 'so actually what we need to do before we can create these questions is we need to import this question class.', 'start': 14499.468, 'duration': 5.583}, {'end': 14506.172, 'text': "so I'm looking up in here.", 'start': 14505.051, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 14511.476, 'text': 'come up here and say from question import question.', 'start': 14506.172, 'duration': 5.304}, {'end': 14516.52, 'text': "so now, down here in this questions array, we're not getting that air anymore.", 'start': 14512.696, 'duration': 3.824}, {'end': 14522.785, 'text': "so we created one question objects and I'm just gonna create a couple more for these other ones.", 'start': 14516.52, 'duration': 6.265}, {'end': 14530.916, 'text': "so I'm just going to copy this one and we will pace this down here all right.", 'start': 14522.785, 'duration': 8.131}, {'end': 14539.328, 'text': "so now we're creating two other questions, and these ones are going to be one and two, and the answer to the second question is see,", 'start': 14530.916, 'duration': 8.412}, {'end': 14547.343, 'text': "and the answer to the third question I think it would be, let me look yeah, so it's cnb all right.", 'start': 14539.328, 'duration': 8.015}, {'end': 14550.945, 'text': "so essentially what we're doing is we're creating three questions.", 'start': 14547.343, 'duration': 3.602}, {'end': 14555.367, 'text': "each one is getting a different question prompt and they're each getting different answers.", 'start': 14550.945, 'duration': 4.422}, {'end': 14559.269, 'text': 'so now we have an array of questions that we want to ask on our test.', 'start': 14555.367, 'duration': 3.902}, {'end': 14564.371, 'text': 'so the next step is to actually write a function that will run the test rate.', 'start': 14559.869, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 14568.913, 'text': 'it has to ask the user the questions and it has to check to see if they got the answer right.', 'start': 14564.371, 'duration': 4.542}, {'end': 14572.415, 'text': "so down here, lower in the file, let's create a function.", 'start': 14568.913, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 14582.283, 'text': "so I'm just going to say death and we'll call this run test and inside of this parentheses, we're going to take one parameter into this function.", 'start': 14573.135, 'duration': 9.148}, {'end': 14584.625, 'text': "we're going to take a list of questions.", 'start': 14582.283, 'duration': 2.342}, {'end': 14586.367, 'text': "so I'm just going to say questions.", 'start': 14584.625, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 14591.731, 'text': 'so this is basically going to be a list of question objects that we want to ask the user.', 'start': 14587.248, 'duration': 4.483}, {'end': 14596.397, 'text': "so, once I'm in here, all I want to do is loop through all the questions.", 'start': 14592.412, 'duration': 3.985}, {'end': 14598.419, 'text': 'so I want to loop through each question.', 'start': 14596.397, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 14603.465, 'text': "I want to ask it to the user, I want to get the user's answer and I want to check to see if it's right.", 'start': 14598.419, 'duration': 5.046}, {'end': 14609.673, 'text': 'and we need to be able to keep track of how the user does through the test so I want to create a variable called score.', 'start': 14604.166, 'duration': 5.507}, {'end': 14612.474, 'text': "and I'm just going to set it equal to zero.", 'start': 14610.934, 'duration': 1.54}, {'end': 14617.796, 'text': 'so every time the user answers a question right will increment this score variable.', 'start': 14612.935, 'duration': 4.861}, {'end': 14618.716, 'text': 'all right.', 'start': 14617.816, 'duration': 0.9}, {'end': 14622.697, 'text': 'so what I want to do is like I said loop through all the questions in that questions array.', 'start': 14618.716, 'duration': 3.981}, {'end': 14624.158, 'text': "so I'm going to create a for loop.", 'start': 14622.697, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 14628.959, 'text': "I'm going to say for question in questions", 'start': 14624.158, 'duration': 4.801}, {'end': 14635.541, 'text': 'so in other words for each question object inside of this questions array I want to do something.', 'start': 14630.079, 'duration': 5.462}, {'end': 14643.672, 'text': 'and basically the first thing I want to do is ask the user the question and I want to store their response inside of a variable.', 'start': 14636.65, 'duration': 7.022}, {'end': 14657.557, 'text': "so I'm going to say I'm gonna make a variable down here called answer and this is going to represent the user's answer to the question and I'm going to set it equal to input and I need to give this a prompt.", 'start': 14644.132, 'duration': 13.425}, {'end': 14664.203, 'text': "so I'm actually going to give this the prompt for the question, so I can just say question dot prompt.", 'start': 14657.557, 'duration': 6.646}, {'end': 14668.947, 'text': 'so now I have the answer that the user entered in, which is stored inside this variable.', 'start': 14664.203, 'duration': 4.744}, {'end': 14674.012, 'text': 'so we want to check to see if they got the question right and I can do that using an if statement.', 'start': 14669.668, 'duration': 4.344}, {'end': 14682.469, 'text': 'so I can say if answer and this refers to the students answer is equal to question dot answer.', 'start': 14674.012, 'duration': 8.457}, {'end': 14691.412, 'text': "so I'm checking to see if the answer that the student gave is equal to the answer of the current question that we're asking, and if this is true,", 'start': 14682.909, 'duration': 8.503}, {'end': 14693.432, 'text': 'then I just want to increment score.', 'start': 14691.412, 'duration': 2.02}, {'end': 14699.315, 'text': "so I'm going to say score plus equals one, and this basically just means we're adding one to the score.", 'start': 14693.432, 'duration': 5.883}, {'end': 14705.899, 'text': 'so the last thing I want to do inside of this function is just print out the results I want to print out how the user did.', 'start': 14699.976, 'duration': 5.923}, {'end': 14712.523, 'text': "so down here I'm just going to say print, and I'm basically just going to print out like hey, you got like two out of three questions,", 'start': 14706.86, 'duration': 5.663}, {'end': 14716.646, 'text': 'or you got five out of six questions, right where you got zero out of ten questions.', 'start': 14712.523, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 14718.146, 'text': "right, we're just print out how they did.", 'start': 14716.646, 'duration': 1.5}, {'end': 14724.316, 'text': 'so to say you got, and now I want to print out how many questions they got, right.', 'start': 14718.146, 'duration': 6.17}, {'end': 14729.618, 'text': 'so this is just going to be the score and in order to print a number alongside of a string like this,', 'start': 14724.316, 'duration': 5.302}, {'end': 14734.56, 'text': "I'm going to have to say s t r and then type in the numbers, so we'll say s t r score.", 'start': 14729.618, 'duration': 4.942}, {'end': 14738.001, 'text': "so we'll basically say you got however many they got right.", 'start': 14735.36, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 14739.161, 'text': 'out of.', 'start': 14738.781, 'duration': 0.38}, {'end': 14745.585, 'text': "so we'll use this little forward slash and now we'll just say how many questions there were.", 'start': 14739.161, 'duration': 6.424}, {'end': 14749.668, 'text': "so we can say and again we're going to have to convert this to a string because it's going to be a number.", 'start': 14745.585, 'duration': 4.083}, {'end': 14754.651, 'text': 'so we can say string and they want to figure out how many questions were in that questions array.', 'start': 14749.668, 'duration': 4.983}, {'end': 14758.573, 'text': 'so I can say le, n and inside of here we can just say questions.', 'start': 14754.651, 'duration': 3.922}, {'end': 14766.618, 'text': "so this is kind of like this long statement just to print out how many questions there were, so that over here I'll just say correct, all right.", 'start': 14758.573, 'duration': 8.045}, {'end': 14772.264, 'text': "so now we have this print statement and it's just going to be printing out how many questions they got right.", 'start': 14766.618, 'duration': 5.646}, {'end': 14775.046, 'text': "so let's see if this works.", 'start': 14773.265, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 14778.65, 'text': 'the last thing I need to do is just call this run test function.', 'start': 14775.046, 'duration': 3.604}, {'end': 14784.535, 'text': "so I'll say run test and I'm just going to pass it that questions array that we created before.", 'start': 14778.65, 'duration': 5.885}, {'end': 14789.299, 'text': 'so we created this questions array with all of these question objects inside of it.', 'start': 14784.535, 'duration': 4.764}, {'end': 14793.622, 'text': "I'm basically just going to pass that into this run test function.", 'start': 14790.22, 'duration': 3.402}, {'end': 14798.525, 'text': "so now let's run our program and see how we did hopefully we don't get any errors.", 'start': 14794.303, 'duration': 4.222}, {'end': 14801.807, 'text': "there's a lot of code there so it's possible that we might.", 'start': 14799.065, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 14808.151, 'text': "okay so it says what color apples has a tough one all right let's put a so we'll get the first question right.", 'start': 14801.827, 'duration': 6.324}, {'end': 14814.395, 'text': "what color bananas let's get the second question wrong so I'm going to say b bananas are magenta.", 'start': 14808.771, 'duration': 5.624}, {'end': 14818.697, 'text': "and we'll get the third question right so it says what color are strawberries.", 'start': 14815.255, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 14820.779, 'text': "I'll just put b because that's the right answer.", 'start': 14818.877, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 14826.202, 'text': "so now you'll see that our program prints out you got two out of three correct.", 'start': 14821.559, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 14834.147, 'text': 'so not only did it ask us all the questions and get our input for each question, but it also kept track of our score and it printed it out.', 'start': 14826.762, 'duration': 7.385}, {'end': 14840.391, 'text': "so why don't we run through the test one more time and we'll just like get too wrong this time?", 'start': 14834.147, 'duration': 6.244}, {'end': 14843.353, 'text': "so we'll get this one wrong, I'll get this one wrong and I'll get this one right.", 'start': 14840.391, 'duration': 2.962}, {'end': 14845.954, 'text': 'so now it says you got one out of three.', 'start': 14844.013, 'duration': 1.941}, {'end': 14848.756, 'text': 'correct, so they would actually grade our test.', 'start': 14845.954, 'duration': 2.802}, {'end': 14857.9, 'text': "and what's cool about the program we just wrote is, if I wanted I could add another question into here and it would automatically be able to ask it.", 'start': 14848.756, 'duration': 9.144}, {'end': 14860.062, 'text': "so it doesn't matter how many questions we put in here.", 'start': 14857.9, 'duration': 2.162}, {'end': 14862.043, 'text': "it's just able to ask.", 'start': 14861.042, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 14871.608, 'text': 'and so really the point I was trying to make with this whole video was just how we can use something like a class in order to model a real world entity.', 'start': 14862.043, 'duration': 9.565}, {'end': 14880.05, 'text': 'so, for example, we created this question class and we were able to store all the information about a question that we could ever need,', 'start': 14872.108, 'duration': 7.942}, {'end': 14882.351, 'text': "so we're able to sort of like the prompt and the answer.", 'start': 14880.05, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 14888.752, 'text': "so we created our own question data type and then we're able to create a bunch of different questions,", 'start': 14883.011, 'duration': 5.741}, {'end': 14894.954, 'text': 'pass it into this run test method and it was able to grade the test and just run the test really easily.', 'start': 14888.752, 'duration': 6.202}], 'summary': 'Created a question class to store prompts and answers, and a test-running function. tested with an array of questions, achieving a 2 out of 3 score.', 'duration': 490.844, 'max_score': 14404.11, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw14404110.jpg'}, {'end': 14582.283, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 14550.945, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 14555.367, 'text': "each one is getting a different question prompt and they're each getting different answers.", 'start': 14550.945, 'duration': 4.422}, {'end': 14559.269, 'text': 'so now we have an array of questions that we want to ask on our test.', 'start': 14555.367, 'duration': 3.902}, {'end': 14564.371, 'text': 'so the next step is to actually write a function that will run the test rate.', 'start': 14559.869, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 14568.913, 'text': 'it has to ask the user the questions and it has to check to see if they got the answer right.', 'start': 14564.371, 'duration': 4.542}, {'end': 14572.415, 'text': "so down here, lower in the file, let's create a function.", 'start': 14568.913, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 14582.283, 'text': "so I'm just going to say death and we'll call this run test and inside of this parentheses, we're going to take one parameter into this function.", 'start': 14573.135, 'duration': 9.148}], 'summary': 'Developing a function to run a test with different questions and answers.', 'duration': 31.338, 'max_score': 14550.945, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw14550945.jpg'}], 'start': 13381.947, 'title': 'Python classes and modules', 'summary': 'Covers the importance of modules and basics of classes and objects in python and explains how to define a student data type, create a multiple choice quiz, and use class functions to process student information.', 'chapters': [{'end': 13683.85, 'start': 13381.947, 'title': 'Python modules and classes', 'summary': 'Covers the importance of modules and the basics of classes and objects in python, emphasizing the flexibility and utility of creating custom data types through classes.', 'duration': 301.903, 'highlights': ['The tutorial emphasizes the importance of modules in Python, highlighting the ability to install and use various built-in and external modules using pip.', 'The discussion introduces the concept of classes and objects, emphasizing their utility in organizing and enhancing the power of Python programs by creating custom data types.']}, {'end': 14293.892, 'start': 13684.75, 'title': 'Defining student data type in python', 'summary': 'Explains how to define a student data type in python, detailing the attributes a student should have, creating a class to represent a student, and creating objects of the student class to store student information, enabling the representation of students in the program.', 'duration': 609.142, 'highlights': ['The chapter details the attributes a student should have in a Python program, including name, major, GPA, and probation status, providing a clear definition of the student data type.', 'The chapter explains the process of creating a class to represent a student in the program, distinguishing between the class as an overview and the object as an actual student with specific information.', 'The chapter demonstrates the creation of objects of the student class, allowing the representation of actual students in the program and accessing their attributes such as name and GPA.', 'The chapter discusses the concept of classes and objects, highlighting their versatility in modeling real-world entities and creating custom data types within the program.', 'The chapter introduces the upcoming tutorial on building a multiple choice quiz in Python, expressing excitement and anticipation for the demonstration of using classes, if statements, and loops for the program.']}, {'end': 14550.945, 'start': 14293.892, 'title': 'Creating multiple choice quiz', 'summary': 'Explains how to create a multiple choice quiz, including defining a question class, initializing question attributes, and creating an array of questions with prompts and answers.', 'duration': 257.053, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses creating a question class with prompt and answer attributes to store information about each question.', 'The transcript explains the process of initializing question attributes within the question class to capture the prompts and answers for the quiz questions.', 'It also details the creation of an array of questions with prompts and answers to form the multiple choice quiz.']}, {'end': 15112.957, 'start': 14550.945, 'title': 'Python class functions', 'summary': "Explains the process of creating a function in python to run a test, tracking the user's score and printing the results, and demonstrates the use of class functions to provide specific information about student objects based on their attributes.", 'duration': 562.012, 'highlights': ["A function is created to run a test, ask the user questions, check their answers, and print out their score, demonstrating the process of tracking the user's performance through the test.", 'The use of class functions in Python is demonstrated to provide specific information about student objects, such as determining if a student is on the honor roll based on their GPA.', 'The importance of using classes to model real-world entities, as demonstrated by creating a question class to store information about a question and easily run tests with different questions.']}], 'duration': 1731.01, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw13381947.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial emphasizes the importance of modules in Python, highlighting the ability to install and use various built-in and external modules using pip.', 'The chapter details the attributes a student should have in a Python program, including name, major, GPA, and probation status, providing a clear definition of the student data type.', "A function is created to run a test, ask the user questions, check their answers, and print out their score, demonstrating the process of tracking the user's performance through the test.", 'The chapter discusses creating a question class with prompt and answer attributes to store information about each question.', 'The chapter explains the process of creating a class to represent a student in the program, distinguishing between the class as an overview and the object as an actual student with specific information.']}, {'end': 15990.784, 'segs': [{'end': 15141.138, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15112.957, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 15119.683, 'text': 'so essentially, a class function is just a little function that can be used by the objects of the class,', 'start': 15112.957, 'duration': 6.726}, {'end': 15124.406, 'text': 'and I would say this is a pretty good example of what a class function should be doing.', 'start': 15119.683, 'duration': 4.723}, {'end': 15129.711, 'text': 'should be like giving us information about the class, or it could also be like modifying information about the class.', 'start': 15124.406, 'duration': 5.305}, {'end': 15132.373, 'text': "so that's the basics of using functions in classes.", 'start': 15130.111, 'duration': 2.262}, {'end': 15141.138, 'text': 'I mean this is a pretty simple tutorial, but I really just wanted to introduce you guys to the concept of putting functions inside of classes.', 'start': 15132.373, 'duration': 8.765}], 'summary': 'Introduction to using functions in classes for information and modification.', 'duration': 28.181, 'max_score': 15112.957, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw15112957.jpg'}, {'end': 15172.105, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15147.863, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 15156.549, 'text': 'that will, you know, essentially help the user to either figure out information about the object or modify different values in the object.', 'start': 15147.863, 'duration': 8.686}, {'end': 15163.341, 'text': 'in this tutorial, I want to talk to you guys about inheritance.', 'start': 15160.58, 'duration': 2.761}, {'end': 15172.105, 'text': 'in python, inheritance is basically where we can define a bunch of attributes and functions and things inside of a class,', 'start': 15163.341, 'duration': 8.764}], 'summary': 'Python tutorial on inheritance for defining attributes and functions in a class.', 'duration': 24.242, 'max_score': 15147.863, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw15147863.jpg'}, {'end': 15632.652, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15606.534, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 15611.778, 'text': 'and now, when I go over here and I run this make special dish function,', 'start': 15606.534, 'duration': 5.244}, {'end': 15617.902, 'text': "now the chef's going to be back to making orange chicken so the chinese chef will make his special dish.", 'start': 15612.558, 'duration': 5.344}, {'end': 15620.584, 'text': "so that's basically what inheritance does.", 'start': 15618.362, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 15630.831, 'text': 'it allows me to inherit functionality from an existing class into the new class and I can actually just inherit all of it without having to write it out.', 'start': 15620.584, 'duration': 10.247}, {'end': 15632.652, 'text': "so I didn't have to write out.", 'start': 15630.831, 'duration': 1.821}], 'summary': 'Inheritance allows inheriting functionality from an existing class into a new class, saving time and effort.', 'duration': 26.118, 'max_score': 15606.534, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw15606534.jpg'}], 'start': 15112.957, 'title': 'Python class functions and inheritance', 'summary': 'Introduces using functions in classes, explains class functions, highlights importance of incorporating functions inside classes, and demonstrates the concept of inheritance in python. it includes creating a generic chef class and a chinese chef class, and using the python interpreter to execute python commands.', 'chapters': [{'end': 15192.112, 'start': 15112.957, 'title': 'Class functions and inheritance', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of using functions in classes and explains the basics of class functions, highlighting the importance of incorporating functions inside classes and the concept of inheritance in python, enabling the inheritance of attributes and functions from one class to another.', 'duration': 79.155, 'highlights': ['The concept of using functions in classes is introduced, emphasizing their role in providing information about the class and modifying class information.', 'Inheritance in Python is explained as the ability to inherit attributes and functions from one class to another, saving the need to rewrite the same methods or attributes.']}, {'end': 15990.784, 'start': 15192.112, 'title': 'Python inheritance and interpreters', 'summary': 'Demonstrates the concept of inheritance in python by creating a generic chef class and a chinese chef class, and using the python interpreter to execute python commands in a sandbox environment.', 'duration': 798.672, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the concept of inheritance in Python through the creation of a generic chef class and a Chinese chef class, showcasing how the Chinese chef class inherits functionality from the generic chef class, and how specific functions can be overridden. The chapter also demonstrates the use of the Python interpreter as a sandbox environment for testing Python commands and functions.', 'The chapter discusses the process of creating a generic chef class and a Chinese chef class, illustrating how the Chinese chef class inherits functionality from the generic chef class, and how specific functions can be overridden. It also showcases the use of the Python interpreter as a sandbox environment for testing Python commands and functions.', 'The chapter introduces the concept of inheritance in Python through the creation of a generic chef class and a Chinese chef class, highlighting how the Chinese chef class inherits functionality from the generic chef class, and how specific functions can be overridden. Additionally, it demonstrates the use of the Python interpreter as a sandbox environment for testing Python commands and functions.']}], 'duration': 877.827, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/rfscVS0vtbw/pics/rfscVS0vtbw15112957.jpg', 'highlights': ['The concept of using functions in classes is introduced, emphasizing their role in providing information about the class and modifying class information.', 'Inheritance in Python is explained as the ability to inherit attributes and functions from one class to another, saving the need to rewrite the same methods or attributes.', 'The chapter explains the concept of inheritance in Python through the creation of a generic chef class and a Chinese chef class, showcasing how the Chinese chef class inherits functionality from the generic chef class, and how specific functions can be overridden. The chapter also demonstrates the use of the Python interpreter as a sandbox environment for testing Python commands and functions.']}], 'highlights': ['Python is highly sought after for jobs, with a growing number of developers switching to Python. (Ch 1)', "Python's beginner-friendly nature allows users to start writing their first program in seconds. (Ch 1)", 'The course aims to help users gain confidence in writing scripts and running programs. (Ch 1)', 'Python 3 is recommended for beginners due to its active maintenance and support. (Ch 1)', 'The tutorial covers the creation of string variables and concatenation. (Ch 3)', 'The chapter covers working with strings and numbers in Python. (Ch 3)', 'The tutorial covers the basics of working with Python lists. (Ch 5)', 'Introduction to tuples in Python, emphasizing their similarities and differences with lists. (Ch 5)', 'The chapter introduces the concept of dictionaries in Python. (Ch 6)', 'The tutorial introduces a basic guessing game in Python, incorporating if statements and while loops. (Ch 7)', 'The tutorial shows the creation of an exponent function in Python using for loops. (Ch 8)', 'The program demonstrates the creation of a translator app using a for loop and if statements. (Ch 9)', 'Demonstrates accessing and using modules to import functions and attributes from an external Python file. (Ch 10)', 'The tutorial emphasizes the importance of modules in Python, highlighting the ability to install and use various built-in and external modules using pip. (Ch 11)', 'The concept of using functions in classes is introduced, emphasizing their role in providing information about the class and modifying class information. (Ch 12)']}