title
Coding Challenge #7: Solar System in Processing - Part 1 (2D)
description
In this viewer submitted coding challenge, I make a 2D Solar System Generator in Processing. Code: https://thecodingtrain.com/challenges/7-solar-system-2d
đšī¸ p5.js Web Editor Sketch: https://editor.p5js.org/codingtrain/sketches/IMJv_QwXy
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Videos:
đ Gravitational Attraction: https://thecodingtrain.com/tracks/the-nature-of-code-2/noc/2-forces/5-gravitational-attraction
đ´ Coding Train Live 34: https://youtu.be/r8QMcI5qxQM?t=5256s
Related Coding Challenges:
đ #8 Solar System (3D): https://youtu.be/dncudkelNxw
đ #9 Solar System (3D) with textures: https://youtu.be/FGAwi7wpU8c
đ #61 Fractal Spirograph: https://youtu.be/0dwJ-bkJwDI
đ #144 2D Black Hole Visualization: https://youtu.be/Iaz9TqYWUmA
Timestamps:
00:00 Introduction
01:39 Planet class
02:33 Polar Coordinates
04:01 Draw the body
05:42 Create the sun
06:54 Creating a tree-like structure
08:05 Create the planets
11:06 Error! Recursive null check
13:39 translate and rotate by distance and angle
15:06 Resetting transformations
17:21 Setting the angle (Error!)
20:50 Rotating the planets
24:11 Recursively create children planets
Editing by Mathieu Blanchette
Animations by Jason Heglund
Music from Epidemic Sound
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đ p5.js: https://p5js.org
đ p5.js Web Editor: https://editor.p5js.org/
đ Processing: https://processing.org
đ Code of Conduct: https://github.com/CodingTrain/Code-of-Conduct
This description was auto-generated. If you see a problem, please open an issue: https://github.com/CodingTrain/thecodingtrain.com/issues/new
#solarsystem #transformations #processing
detail
{'title': 'Coding Challenge #7: Solar System in Processing - Part 1 (2D)', 'heatmap': [{'end': 407.178, 'start': 369.292, 'weight': 0.856}, {'end': 905.431, 'start': 856.805, 'weight': 0.8}, {'end': 1238.035, 'start': 1215.852, 'weight': 0.847}, {'end': 1367.24, 'start': 1341.408, 'weight': 0.99}, {'end': 1445.246, 'start': 1397.93, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'Tutorial series demonstrates creating a 3d solar system simulator using processing and p5.js, covering gravitational attraction, object-oriented programming, planetary orbits, debugging, 3d animation, and nested planetary systems in an engaging and creative manner.', 'chapters': [{'end': 55.371, 'segs': [{'end': 55.371, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.814, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3.117, 'text': 'Hello, and welcome to another coding challenge video.', 'start': 0.814, 'duration': 2.303}, {'end': 10.726, 'text': 'In this video, I am going to attempt to program a solar system generator, simulator, system-like thing, just like the one you see over there, in 3D.', 'start': 3.257, 'duration': 7.469}, {'end': 14.53, 'text': "I'm going to do it in a bunch of steps, starting with 2D and moving to 3D.", 'start': 10.806, 'duration': 3.724}, {'end': 17.854, 'text': "I'm going to use the processing development environment, which you see right here.", 'start': 14.65, 'duration': 3.204}, {'end': 20.597, 'text': 'Link to download processing will be in the description of this video.', 'start': 18.255, 'duration': 2.342}, {'end': 23.659, 'text': 'You might be asking, why are you doing this? Look, you did it already.', 'start': 21.198, 'duration': 2.461}, {'end': 25.419, 'text': 'This, in fact, is one of my examples.', 'start': 23.919, 'duration': 1.5}, {'end': 27.02, 'text': 'It is called gravitational attraction 3D.', 'start': 25.519, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 29.221, 'text': "It's one of the examples that comes with processing.", 'start': 27.12, 'duration': 2.101}, {'end': 36.623, 'text': 'This is actually doing a simulation of a solar system-like thing with the actual formula of gravitational attraction.', 'start': 29.501, 'duration': 7.122}, {'end': 41.424, 'text': 'I will link to a video from my Nature of Code series where how to make this is explained.', 'start': 37.383, 'duration': 4.041}, {'end': 46.346, 'text': "But I'm going to do it in a different way, which is really ultimately a lesson about transformations.", 'start': 41.444, 'duration': 4.902}, {'end': 53.91, 'text': 'Translate, rotate, push matrix, pop matrix, how those types of things work in object-oriented programming in processing.', 'start': 46.686, 'duration': 7.224}, {'end': 55.371, 'text': "And so I'm going to do it in a different way.", 'start': 54.11, 'duration': 1.261}], 'summary': 'Programming a solar system simulator in 3d using processing development environment.', 'duration': 54.557, 'max_score': 0.814, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU814.jpg'}], 'start': 0.814, 'title': 'Creating 3d solar system simulator', 'summary': 'Involves creating a 3d solar system generator and simulator using the processing development environment, focusing on gravitational attraction and object-oriented programming.', 'chapters': [{'end': 55.371, 'start': 0.814, 'title': 'Creating 3d solar system simulator', 'summary': 'Involves creating a 3d solar system generator and simulator using the processing development environment, with a focus on gravitational attraction and object-oriented programming.', 'duration': 54.557, 'highlights': ['I will be programming a solar system generator and simulator in 3D using the processing development environment, with a focus on transformations and object-oriented programming.', "The example 'gravitational attraction 3D' from processing will be used as a reference, which simulates a solar system-like thing with the actual formula of gravitational attraction."]}], 'duration': 54.557, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU814.jpg', 'highlights': ['Programming a 3D solar system generator and simulator using processing.', 'Focus on transformations and object-oriented programming.', "Utilizing the 'gravitational attraction 3D' example from processing as a reference."]}, {'end': 586.759, 'segs': [{'end': 86.716, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 55.572, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 58.314, 'text': 'And hopefully by the end of this, somewhere between 10 and 20 minute video,', 'start': 55.572, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 61.636, 'text': "you're going to see how to use all that stuff and make yourself a little solar system.", 'start': 58.314, 'duration': 3.322}, {'end': 65.519, 'text': 'And you will be much more creative and interesting at doing it than I will be.', 'start': 62.177, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 68.422, 'text': 'And hopefully you will share what you do with me then too.', 'start': 65.6, 'duration': 2.822}, {'end': 69.343, 'text': 'Okay, I got to get started.', 'start': 68.522, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 70.224, 'text': "Let's get started.", 'start': 69.623, 'duration': 0.601}, {'end': 73.507, 'text': "So as always, I've kind of just got a blank slate here.", 'start': 70.464, 'duration': 3.043}, {'end': 76.409, 'text': "I should really at least enter this in beforehand, but I'm not.", 'start': 73.527, 'duration': 2.882}, {'end': 82.114, 'text': "I'm going to add setup, and I'm going to add draw, and I'm going to add size, 600, 600, and space.", 'start': 77.01, 'duration': 5.104}, {'end': 86.716, 'text': 'is a dark, black place.', 'start': 84.875, 'duration': 1.841}], 'summary': 'Learn to create a solar system in a 10-20 minute video, with setup, draw, and space features.', 'duration': 31.144, 'max_score': 55.572, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU55572.jpg'}, {'end': 217.772, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 196.794, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 205.836, 'text': 'So actually, what this planet really needs is not an xy location, but a radius and an angle, or really a pole.', 'start': 196.794, 'duration': 9.042}, {'end': 207.737, 'text': 'This is the idea of a polar coordinate, by the way.', 'start': 205.856, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 210.284, 'text': 'So instead of x, y, a radius and an angle.', 'start': 208.462, 'duration': 1.822}, {'end': 212.286, 'text': 'And you know what? Forget about this p-vector stuff.', 'start': 210.304, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 217.772, 'text': 'I was really thinking along the lines of my force-based simulation, which I do have other videos that you can look into.', 'start': 212.366, 'duration': 5.406}], 'summary': 'Planet needs radius and angle, not xy location. p-vector not needed. force-based simulation available in other videos.', 'duration': 20.978, 'max_score': 196.794, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU196794.jpg'}, {'end': 357.346, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 327.446, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 328.346, 'text': "So let's just see.", 'start': 327.446, 'duration': 0.9}, {'end': 335.828, 'text': "Sorry, I'm anally retentively getting rid of all the extra space.", 'start': 328.366, 'duration': 7.462}, {'end': 337.088, 'text': "Here's my planet object.", 'start': 336.088, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 338.529, 'text': 'A radius, an angle, a distance.', 'start': 337.248, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 341.509, 'text': 'A radius, a distance, an angle, and a show function which draws it.', 'start': 338.809, 'duration': 2.7}, {'end': 344.35, 'text': 'So what I want to do is create a planet.', 'start': 341.709, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 347.291, 'text': 'And I realize the sun is not a planet.', 'start': 345.03, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 351.242, 'text': "And I'm going to say sun equals new planet.", 'start': 348.581, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 357.346, 'text': "Its distance from anything else is just going to be 0, because it's going to start in the center.", 'start': 351.643, 'duration': 5.703}], 'summary': 'The speaker discusses creating a planet object with specific properties and a show function, and mentions creating a sun as a planet with a distance of 0.', 'duration': 29.9, 'max_score': 327.446, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU327446.jpg'}, {'end': 407.178, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 369.292, 'weight': 0.856, 'content': [{'end': 370.013, 'text': "And let's run this.", 'start': 369.292, 'duration': 0.721}, {'end': 372.954, 'text': 'And where is it? Now, I have a feeling.', 'start': 371.013, 'duration': 1.941}, {'end': 375.536, 'text': "Number one is I didn't give it.", 'start': 374.275, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 380.969, 'text': "Let's give it a color, fill 255.", 'start': 375.576, 'duration': 5.393}, {'end': 386.473, 'text': 'And what am I missing? Oh, distance should be 0.', 'start': 380.969, 'duration': 5.504}, {'end': 389.435, 'text': 'Radius should be 100.', 'start': 386.473, 'duration': 2.962}, {'end': 389.835, 'text': 'There we go.', 'start': 389.435, 'duration': 0.4}, {'end': 390.736, 'text': 'Now notice where it is.', 'start': 389.875, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 392.056, 'text': "It's in the top left.", 'start': 391.036, 'duration': 1.02}, {'end': 394.518, 'text': 'So I want my sun to be in the middle of the window.', 'start': 392.277, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 401.972, 'text': "So I'm going to start by saying translate Width divided by 2, height divided by 2.", 'start': 394.858, 'duration': 7.114}, {'end': 404.255, 'text': "I've got a light that keeps going on and off up there.", 'start': 401.972, 'duration': 2.283}, {'end': 406.077, 'text': "It's a little disorienting.", 'start': 405.096, 'duration': 0.981}, {'end': 407.178, 'text': 'OK, so here we go.', 'start': 406.177, 'duration': 1.001}], 'summary': 'Adjusted sun position to center of window, radius set to 100.', 'duration': 37.886, 'max_score': 369.292, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU369292.jpg'}, {'end': 435.598, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 408.56, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 412.464, 'text': "We've got the sun in the middle of the window as an object.", 'start': 408.56, 'duration': 3.904}, {'end': 419.091, 'text': 'So now, clearly, I need more data structures to store the information about these planets.', 'start': 412.684, 'duration': 6.407}, {'end': 421.333, 'text': 'Where should those go? Well, I have an idea.', 'start': 419.471, 'duration': 1.862}, {'end': 429.272, 'text': 'You might think that, ordinarily, the next step that I would do would be to create a planet array right?', 'start': 422.406, 'duration': 6.866}, {'end': 431.735, 'text': 'Because ultimately, I want to have a lot of planets.', 'start': 429.413, 'duration': 2.322}, {'end': 433.997, 'text': 'But really, this is my data structure.', 'start': 432.215, 'duration': 1.782}, {'end': 435.598, 'text': 'I have a sun.', 'start': 434.978, 'duration': 0.62}], 'summary': 'Plan to create more data structures to store planet information, considering a sun as an object.', 'duration': 27.038, 'max_score': 408.56, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU408560.jpg'}, {'end': 560.867, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 517.818, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 527.356, 'text': "And in the spawn moons function, I'm going to create that array, so maybe I can create a certain number of moons.", 'start': 517.818, 'duration': 9.538}, {'end': 533.617, 'text': 'I can say planets equals a new planet array with some number of moons.', 'start': 527.776, 'duration': 5.841}, {'end': 550.721, 'text': 'And then for int i equals 0, i is less than planets dot length, i plus plus planets index i equals a new planet.', 'start': 535.277, 'duration': 15.444}, {'end': 559.566, 'text': 'And maybe each moon should be half the size of the planet.', 'start': 552.62, 'duration': 6.946}, {'end': 560.867, 'text': 'This is totally arbitrary.', 'start': 559.806, 'duration': 1.061}], 'summary': 'Creating a planet array with moons, each moon half the size of the planet.', 'duration': 43.049, 'max_score': 517.818, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU517818.jpg'}], 'start': 55.572, 'title': 'Creating a solar system simulator', 'summary': 'Introduces creating a solar system simulator using p5.js, emphasizing the use of p vectors and polar coordinates to represent planetary orbits and distances. it discusses creating planet objects with properties, positioning the sun, creating planet data structures, and spawning moons, fostering creativity and sharing of simulations.', 'chapters': [{'end': 301.236, 'start': 55.572, 'title': 'Creating a solar system simulator', 'summary': 'Introduces creating a solar system simulator using p5.js, emphasizing the use of p vectors and polar coordinates to represent planetary orbits and distances, with the goal of fostering creativity and sharing of created simulations.', 'duration': 245.664, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces creating a solar system simulator using p5.js The speaker aims to demonstrate the process of building a solar system simulator using p5.js within a 10 to 20-minute video.', 'Emphasizes the use of p vectors and polar coordinates to represent planetary orbits and distances The speaker emphasizes the use of p vectors and polar coordinates to represent planetary orbits and distances, exploring the concepts of radius, angle, and distance from the Sun.', 'Goal of fostering creativity and sharing of created simulations The speaker encourages the audience to be creative in creating their own solar system simulations and to share their work, fostering a collaborative learning environment.']}, {'end': 408.519, 'start': 301.256, 'title': 'Creating planet object and positioning the sun', 'summary': 'Discusses creating a planet object with properties like radius, distance, and angle, and positioning the sun in the center of the window using the translate function.', 'duration': 107.263, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the process of creating a planet object with properties such as radius, distance, and angle, and demonstrates the positioning of the sun at the center of the window using the translate function.', 'The author clarifies that the celestial body object being created is not strictly a planet object but is referred to as a planet for simplicity, and demonstrates the instantiation of the sun as a new planet with a distance of 0 and a size of 100.', "The transcript includes a demonstration of setting the sun's position to the middle of the window using the translate function with the parameters Width divided by 2 and Height divided by 2."]}, {'end': 586.759, 'start': 408.56, 'title': 'Creating planet data structures', 'summary': 'Discusses the creation of data structures to store information about planets, including their properties and relationships, and the implementation of a function to spawn moons with specific properties and distances.', 'duration': 178.199, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the properties of a planet object, including radius, angle, and distance, and the recursive self-referential storage of an array of planets within each planet, which further illustrates the structure of the planetary system.', "The implementation of the 'spawn moons' function is discussed, where a new planet array is created with a specific number of moons, and the properties of the moons, such as size and distance, are defined, showcasing the practical application of the data structure for planet systems.", 'The need for data structures to store information about planets is highlighted, indicating the complexity of planetary systems with varying numbers of planets and moons, emphasizing the significance of efficient and organized data storage and management to represent celestial bodies accurately.']}], 'duration': 531.187, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU55572.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces creating a solar system simulator using p5.js within a 10 to 20-minute video.', 'Emphasizes the use of p vectors and polar coordinates to represent planetary orbits and distances, exploring the concepts of radius, angle, and distance from the Sun.', 'The chapter explains the process of creating a planet object with properties such as radius, distance, and angle, and demonstrates the positioning of the sun at the center of the window using the translate function.', "The implementation of the 'spawn moons' function is discussed, where a new planet array is created with a specific number of moons, and the properties of the moons, such as size and distance, are defined, showcasing the practical application of the data structure for planet systems.", 'The need for data structures to store information about planets is highlighted, indicating the complexity of planetary systems with varying numbers of planets and moons, emphasizing the significance of efficient and organized data storage and management to represent celestial bodies accurately.', 'The speaker encourages the audience to be creative in creating their own solar system simulations and to share their work, fostering a collaborative learning environment.']}, {'end': 1022.631, 'segs': [{'end': 709.154, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 619.16, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 626.728, 'text': 'So what I want to do here now is say sun spawn moons, and I want to have five.', 'start': 619.16, 'duration': 7.568}, {'end': 632.523, 'text': 'So I make a sun and then immediately say spawn moons and have five of them.', 'start': 628.018, 'duration': 4.505}, {'end': 633.785, 'text': 'We can just run this.', 'start': 632.884, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 636.047, 'text': "There's no errors, but I'm not seeing anything.", 'start': 634.165, 'duration': 1.882}, {'end': 645.638, 'text': 'Why am I not seeing anything? Because when I show the planet, I also need to show its children moons.', 'start': 636.107, 'duration': 9.531}, {'end': 653.725, 'text': "And remember, those children moons I should call them, I'm calling them planets, I'm calling them moons, whatever.", 'start': 645.838, 'duration': 7.887}, {'end': 658.073, 'text': 'The children should also are just planet objects.', 'start': 654.627, 'duration': 3.446}, {'end': 665.896, 'text': 'So when I show this particular planet, I draw it as a circle, then I loop through and show all of its sub-planets.', 'start': 660.512, 'duration': 5.384}, {'end': 666.897, 'text': "So let's see that.", 'start': 666.216, 'duration': 0.681}, {'end': 671.18, 'text': 'And OK, so we have a null pointer exception.', 'start': 667.598, 'duration': 3.582}, {'end': 674.283, 'text': "Why do we have a null pointer exception? Let's think about this.", 'start': 671.621, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 680.027, 'text': "So what's null here? Let's print line planets.", 'start': 675.384, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 682.049, 'text': "And actually, let's say print array.", 'start': 680.688, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 684.751, 'text': "And we've got to debug this here.", 'start': 682.069, 'duration': 2.682}, {'end': 697.68, 'text': "Okay, so it looks like the array has, oh, so why did I get null for, that's weird.", 'start': 687.754, 'duration': 9.926}, {'end': 706.572, 'text': "Hold on, zero, one, two, three, four, what's planus.length? Ooh, five.", 'start': 697.7, 'duration': 8.872}, {'end': 709.154, 'text': "What's null? I'm losing my mind here.", 'start': 706.732, 'duration': 2.422}], 'summary': 'Debugging a code to display a sun with five moons, encountering a null pointer exception.', 'duration': 89.994, 'max_score': 619.16, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU619160.jpg'}, {'end': 814.367, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 785.916, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 788.176, 'text': "Oh, you don't have any children? No pointer exception.", 'start': 785.916, 'duration': 2.26}, {'end': 792.918, 'text': 'So at some point, one of the planets, that array will be null.', 'start': 788.617, 'duration': 4.301}, {'end': 795.499, 'text': 'So I need to make sure that I check that.', 'start': 793.198, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 804.102, 'text': 'So all I need to do here is just essentially say if planets does not equal to null meaning, if this planet does have some moons,', 'start': 795.759, 'duration': 8.343}, {'end': 806.603, 'text': 'if it has some children, only then call show.', 'start': 804.102, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 809.024, 'text': "So that's just a quick little check.", 'start': 807.483, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 809.885, 'text': 'Everything was right.', 'start': 809.104, 'duration': 0.781}, {'end': 814.367, 'text': "I was creating things correctly, but I'm forgetting that the new planets I created also have arrays.", 'start': 809.925, 'duration': 4.442}], 'summary': 'Check for null array before calling show function to avoid errors.', 'duration': 28.451, 'max_score': 785.916, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU785916.jpg'}, {'end': 853.484, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 827.179, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 837.581, 'text': "which is that if I have the sun and I have a planet and it's supposed to be at a certain distance from the sun, the orbital distance,", 'start': 827.179, 'duration': 10.402}, {'end': 841.161, 'text': 'I need to use a function in processing called translate.', 'start': 837.581, 'duration': 3.58}, {'end': 848.243, 'text': 'What translate will do will say, I drew the sun at this location, then translate out this far, and then draw the next planet.', 'start': 841.922, 'duration': 6.321}, {'end': 853.484, 'text': 'So I need to add right all everything is only just being drawn at zero zero.', 'start': 848.823, 'duration': 4.661}], 'summary': 'Using the translate function in processing to draw planets at specific orbital distances from the sun.', 'duration': 26.305, 'max_score': 827.179, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU827179.jpg'}, {'end': 905.431, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 856.805, 'weight': 0.8, 'content': [{'end': 869.127, 'text': 'So I need to add, before this translate by r comma zero, and I also want to rotate by some angle.', 'start': 856.805, 'duration': 12.322}, {'end': 873.648, 'text': "Okay, so I'm going to rotate by some angle, which is, and not by r by distance.", 'start': 869.127, 'duration': 4.521}, {'end': 882.571, 'text': "okay, so now, if we run this, we should see here are the planets, and let's do something to make things a little more visible here.", 'start': 874.744, 'duration': 7.827}, {'end': 888.816, 'text': "let's give the color some alpha so we can sort of see what's going on.", 'start': 882.571, 'duration': 6.245}, {'end': 893.72, 'text': "let's also think about how far these planets are from the a couple things.", 'start': 888.816, 'duration': 4.904}, {'end': 905.431, 'text': "one is let's make the Sun quite a bit smaller And let's make the planets between 75 and 150 in terms of distance.", 'start': 893.72, 'duration': 11.711}], 'summary': 'Adding rotation and translation to planets, adjusting sizes and distances.', 'duration': 48.626, 'max_score': 856.805, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU856805.jpg'}, {'end': 1022.631, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 996.423, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1004.556, 'text': 'If in my object, if in the show function, I always put at the beginning of the show function, push matrix, which is like a save.', 'start': 996.423, 'duration': 8.133}, {'end': 1008.222, 'text': 'And at the end of the function, I put pop matrix.', 'start': 1004.576, 'duration': 3.646}, {'end': 1015.826, 'text': 'which is like a restore, this function becomes sort of its own thing, its own world.', 'start': 1009.502, 'duration': 6.324}, {'end': 1022.631, 'text': 'Whatever translations and rotations happen inside of here, they get undone the moment I say pop matrix.', 'start': 1016.667, 'duration': 5.964}], 'summary': 'Using push matrix at the beginning and pop matrix at the end of the show function creates a self-contained world, undoing translations and rotations upon popping.', 'duration': 26.208, 'max_score': 996.423, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU996423.jpg'}], 'start': 586.759, 'title': 'Debugging planet generation and visualization', 'summary': 'Covers debugging a recursive system for generating planets and moons, encountering null pointer exceptions, and addressing issues in planet visualization such as orbital distance calculations and cumulative translations in object-oriented programming.', 'chapters': [{'end': 785.836, 'start': 586.759, 'title': 'Debugging recursive planet generation', 'summary': 'Discusses debugging a recursive system for generating planets and moons, encountering a null pointer exception while attempting to display the planets and their children, and identifying the issue as a recursive call leading to an infinite loop.', 'duration': 199.077, 'highlights': ['The null pointer exception occurs when attempting to display the planets and their children, leading to the realization that the recursive system causes an infinite loop.', 'Creating a sun and immediately spawning five moons results in no errors, but no visible output, prompting the need to display the children moons when showing the planet.', 'The array of planets is populated with five planet objects, but a null pointer exception arises, leading to confusion and debugging efforts to identify the cause.']}, {'end': 1022.631, 'start': 785.916, 'title': 'Debugging and implementing planet visualization', 'summary': 'Discusses debugging an implementation of a planet visualization, addressing issues such as null pointer exceptions, orbital distance calculations, and cumulative translations in object-oriented programming.', 'duration': 236.715, 'highlights': ["The need to check for null pointer exceptions when accessing arrays, ensuring that the planets have moons before calling the show function. It's important to check for null pointer exceptions when accessing arrays, ensuring that the planets have moons before calling the show function.", 'The importance of using the translate function to position planets at specified distances from the sun, as well as the need to add rotations for proper visualization. The importance of using the translate function to position planets at specified distances from the sun, as well as the need to add rotations for proper visualization.', 'The concept of cumulative translations and the use of push matrix and pop matrix in object-oriented programming to manage translations and rotations within the show function. The concept of cumulative translations and the use of push matrix and pop matrix in object-oriented programming to manage translations and rotations within the show function.']}], 'duration': 435.872, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU586759.jpg', 'highlights': ['The null pointer exception occurs when attempting to display the planets and their children, leading to the realization that the recursive system causes an infinite loop.', 'The need to check for null pointer exceptions when accessing arrays, ensuring that the planets have moons before calling the show function.', 'The importance of using the translate function to position planets at specified distances from the sun, as well as the need to add rotations for proper visualization.', 'Creating a sun and immediately spawning five moons results in no errors, but no visible output, prompting the need to display the children moons when showing the planet.', 'The concept of cumulative translations and the use of push matrix and pop matrix in object-oriented programming to manage translations and rotations within the show function.', 'The array of planets is populated with five planet objects, but a null pointer exception arises, leading to confusion and debugging efforts to identify the cause.']}, {'end': 1544.224, 'segs': [{'end': 1238.616, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1201.538, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1205.701, 'text': 'And those things were actually appearing at a different angle only because the sun also had its own rotation.', 'start': 1201.538, 'duration': 4.163}, {'end': 1208.904, 'text': 'But what I want to do is not that.', 'start': 1206.061, 'duration': 2.843}, {'end': 1211.105, 'text': 'What I want to do is the following.', 'start': 1209.304, 'duration': 1.801}, {'end': 1215.651, 'text': 'I first want to rotate and then I want to translate out.', 'start': 1212.026, 'duration': 3.625}, {'end': 1220.638, 'text': "And then I'm going to go back and rotate again and translate out to get them in different spots.", 'start': 1215.852, 'duration': 4.786}, {'end': 1223.623, 'text': 'So the order of this stuff is so unbelievably important.', 'start': 1220.999, 'duration': 2.624}, {'end': 1225.365, 'text': 'And I made a classic error.', 'start': 1224.003, 'duration': 1.362}, {'end': 1227.328, 'text': 'I want to pretend that I did it on purpose, but I did not.', 'start': 1225.405, 'duration': 1.923}, {'end': 1228.569, 'text': "So I'm going to put that there.", 'start': 1227.728, 'duration': 0.841}, {'end': 1230.27, 'text': 'I can get rid of all my print lines.', 'start': 1228.609, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 1231.331, 'text': 'And I can run this again.', 'start': 1230.53, 'duration': 0.801}, {'end': 1232.872, 'text': 'And we can see, there we go.', 'start': 1231.351, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 1233.752, 'text': "And there's only two.", 'start': 1232.972, 'duration': 0.78}, {'end': 1236.755, 'text': "So let's go back and give me five again.", 'start': 1234.053, 'duration': 2.702}, {'end': 1238.035, 'text': "And let's get rid of no loop.", 'start': 1236.835, 'duration': 1.2}, {'end': 1238.616, 'text': "And let's run it.", 'start': 1238.075, 'duration': 0.541}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating rotation and translation with errors corrected.', 'duration': 37.078, 'max_score': 1201.538, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1201538.jpg'}, {'end': 1271.106, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1241.438, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1246.341, 'text': "We've got five planets and one sun.", 'start': 1241.438, 'duration': 4.903}, {'end': 1248.623, 'text': 'Now, we should also add a function.', 'start': 1246.662, 'duration': 1.961}, {'end': 1252.646, 'text': "I'm going to add a function called orbit.", 'start': 1251.005, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 1265.232, 'text': "And in this function, I'm going to say angle equals angle plus orbit speed, because I want the angle to change so that they rotate around.", 'start': 1253.987, 'duration': 11.245}, {'end': 1269.074, 'text': "And I'm going to replace theta with angle everywhere.", 'start': 1265.252, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 1271.106, 'text': 'to just use angle.', 'start': 1270.305, 'duration': 0.801}], 'summary': "Code adding a function 'orbit' to change angle for planet rotation.", 'duration': 29.668, 'max_score': 1241.438, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1241438.jpg'}, {'end': 1367.24, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1341.408, 'weight': 0.99, 'content': [{'end': 1351.73, 'text': 'When I orbit a planet, I need to say, as long as there are planets, right, I need this if planet is not null.', 'start': 1341.408, 'duration': 10.322}, {'end': 1358.775, 'text': 'Then I want planets index I dot orbit.', 'start': 1355.273, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 1361.077, 'text': 'I want all the children planets to orbit as well.', 'start': 1358.835, 'duration': 2.242}, {'end': 1362.397, 'text': "I don't have a timer.", 'start': 1361.097, 'duration': 1.3}, {'end': 1364.739, 'text': 'OK, we can see this.', 'start': 1362.818, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 1365.86, 'text': 'Something crazy is going.', 'start': 1364.819, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 1367.24, 'text': "OK, so let's think about this.", 'start': 1365.94, 'duration': 1.3}], 'summary': 'Programming task: orbit planets and their children without a timer.', 'duration': 25.832, 'max_score': 1341.408, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1341408.jpg'}, {'end': 1445.246, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1397.93, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1410.994, 'text': "But what I'm going to do is add a argument here, which means that I can set the orbit speed.", 'start': 1397.93, 'duration': 13.064}, {'end': 1416.28, 'text': "And when I make the sun, I'm going to set the orbit speed to 0.", 'start': 1411.054, 'duration': 5.226}, {'end': 1422.066, 'text': "And when I make the other planets, I'm going to pick a random orbit speed.", 'start': 1416.28, 'duration': 5.786}, {'end': 1426.866, 'text': 'And now that should fix it.', 'start': 1424.522, 'duration': 2.344}, {'end': 1427.446, 'text': 'There we go.', 'start': 1426.906, 'duration': 0.54}, {'end': 1429.63, 'text': 'So we can see, look, everything is rotating.', 'start': 1427.767, 'duration': 1.863}, {'end': 1431.432, 'text': 'And those speeds are quite fast.', 'start': 1429.67, 'duration': 1.762}, {'end': 1435.479, 'text': "So let's pick much smaller random numbers.", 'start': 1431.933, 'duration': 3.546}, {'end': 1445.246, 'text': 'And you can see, okay, so now we have a bunch of circles all spinning around the center circle.', 'start': 1439.983, 'duration': 5.263}], 'summary': 'Adjusted orbit speeds for rotation, now all circles spin around the center.', 'duration': 47.316, 'max_score': 1397.93, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1397930.jpg'}, {'end': 1544.224, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1510.315, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1513.956, 'text': 'Then I make new planets, and each of those planets spawn their own moons.', 'start': 1510.315, 'duration': 3.641}, {'end': 1517.236, 'text': 'And so each object has an array of other objects, an array of other objects.', 'start': 1514.256, 'duration': 2.98}, {'end': 1522.557, 'text': 'So, while this would work, this would result in an infinite forever loop, because every planet would make five more planets,', 'start': 1517.536, 'duration': 5.021}, {'end': 1525.058, 'text': 'which would make five more planets, which would make five more planets, which would make five more planets.', 'start': 1522.557, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 1527.578, 'text': 'So I need some way of having an exit strategy.', 'start': 1525.418, 'duration': 2.16}, {'end': 1531.219, 'text': "Here's a way that I propose, which is really dangerous, actually.", 'start': 1527.898, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 1532.219, 'text': "I probably shouldn't do this.", 'start': 1531.239, 'duration': 0.98}, {'end': 1544.224, 'text': "Well, first thing I'll do is just, I'm trying to think of a good way, there's a bunch of different ways I could approach this.", 'start': 1535.06, 'duration': 9.164}], 'summary': 'Creating new planets with spawning moons results in infinite loops, requiring an exit strategy.', 'duration': 33.909, 'max_score': 1510.315, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1510315.jpg'}], 'start': 1022.931, 'title': '3d animation and creating a solar system', 'summary': 'Covers the significance of order of operations in 3d animation for translating and rotating objects, emphasizing the impact of incorrect ordering. it also explores the process of creating a solar system in processing, involving adding planets, defining orbit speed, and addressing spinning issues to achieve a visual representation of rotating planets.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1223.623, 'start': 1022.931, 'title': 'Order of operations in 3d animation', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of the order of operations in 3d animation, particularly in translating and rotating objects, highlighting the need for sequential operations and the impact of incorrect ordering on the appearance of objects.', 'duration': 200.692, 'highlights': ['The order of operations in 3D animation is crucial, as demonstrated by the impact of incorrect ordering on the appearance of objects.', 'Sequential operations of rotation and translation are essential for placing objects in different spots in 3D animation.', 'The need for translating before rotating and the significance of the order of operations are emphasized in understanding the correct appearance of objects in 3D animation.']}, {'end': 1544.224, 'start': 1224.003, 'title': 'Creating solar system in processing', 'summary': 'Discusses the process of creating a solar system in processing, including adding planets, defining their orbit speed, and addressing issues with object spinning, resulting in a visual representation of rotating planets.', 'duration': 320.221, 'highlights': ['The process of creating a solar system in Processing involves adding planets, defining their orbit speed, and addressing issues with object spinning to achieve a visual representation of rotating planets.', 'The code includes a function called orbit, where the angle is increased by the orbit speed to simulate the rotation of planets around the sun.', 'The need for an exit strategy is highlighted to prevent an infinite loop when spawning moons for each planet, ensuring a controlled creation of objects within the solar system.']}], 'duration': 521.293, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1022931.jpg', 'highlights': ['The order of operations in 3D animation is crucial, as demonstrated by the impact of incorrect ordering on the appearance of objects.', 'Sequential operations of rotation and translation are essential for placing objects in different spots in 3D animation.', 'The need for translating before rotating and the significance of the order of operations are emphasized in understanding the correct appearance of objects in 3D animation.', 'The process of creating a solar system in Processing involves adding planets, defining their orbit speed, and addressing issues with object spinning to achieve a visual representation of rotating planets.', 'The code includes a function called orbit, where the angle is increased by the orbit speed to simulate the rotation of planets around the sun.', 'The need for an exit strategy is highlighted to prevent an infinite loop when spawning moons for each planet, ensuring a controlled creation of objects within the solar system.']}, {'end': 1840.113, 'segs': [{'end': 1652.561, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1593.865, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1597.968, 'text': 'So the sun will call spawn moons with 0.', 'start': 1593.865, 'duration': 4.103}, {'end': 1605.533, 'text': "Then it'll make a bunch of planets that will call spawn moons with one And they'll make a bunch of planets have been doing this for a half an hour.", 'start': 1597.968, 'duration': 7.565}, {'end': 1608.175, 'text': 'I guess, um, They will.', 'start': 1605.593, 'duration': 2.582}, {'end': 1613.958, 'text': 'um, They will spawn a bunch of planets With level two, and so on and so forth.', 'start': 1608.175, 'duration': 5.783}, {'end': 1621.063, 'text': 'so I only want to do this if level is less than two.', 'start': 1613.958, 'duration': 7.105}, {'end': 1623.744, 'text': "So let's actually only do this if level is less than one.", 'start': 1621.063, 'duration': 2.681}, {'end': 1624.345, 'text': 'see what happens.', 'start': 1623.744, 'duration': 0.601}, {'end': 1632.251, 'text': 'um, Whoa!, Level is less than zero.', 'start': 1624.345, 'duration': 7.906}, {'end': 1635.974, 'text': "Yeah That's interesting.", 'start': 1634.613, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 1638.575, 'text': "So why did it even do it? Oh, right, because I'm already spawning one.", 'start': 1635.994, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 1642.878, 'text': "So this is if level is less than zero, I'm getting these five planets.", 'start': 1638.836, 'duration': 4.042}, {'end': 1646.341, 'text': 'And if level is less than one, whoops.', 'start': 1643.639, 'duration': 2.702}, {'end': 1650.68, 'text': 'Level is less than one.', 'start': 1648.96, 'duration': 1.72}, {'end': 1652.561, 'text': 'all of those planets have things orbiting it.', 'start': 1650.68, 'duration': 1.881}], 'summary': 'Simulation of planetary system with multiple levels and spawning based on level.', 'duration': 58.696, 'max_score': 1593.865, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1593865.jpg'}, {'end': 1698.815, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1673.665, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1683.311, 'text': "so number one, this right now you can see, there's a lot fewer things right and also the distance, like the sub moons, should be much closer to those.", 'start': 1673.665, 'duration': 9.646}, {'end': 1687.914, 'text': 'so I can use this level variable quite effectively.', 'start': 1683.311, 'duration': 4.603}, {'end': 1690.896, 'text': 'so level, hmm.', 'start': 1687.914, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 1695.139, 'text': "so I'm picking random distances and what I could do is divide by level.", 'start': 1690.896, 'duration': 4.243}, {'end': 1698.815, 'text': "so first of all I'm going to make the level one.", 'start': 1695.139, 'duration': 3.676}], 'summary': 'Using a level variable to adjust distances and reduce clutter in the display.', 'duration': 25.15, 'max_score': 1673.665, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1673665.jpg'}, {'end': 1840.113, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1797.834, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1804.495, 'text': "And also, let's not have the size be that radically different.", 'start': 1797.834, 'duration': 6.661}, {'end': 1808.017, 'text': 'So you can see here the multiple levels of moons.', 'start': 1804.515, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 1809.278, 'text': "I'm going to try to zoom in here.", 'start': 1808.037, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 1816.522, 'text': 'So you can see the multiple levels of this thing rotating around that thing with that thing rotating around that thing.', 'start': 1810.659, 'duration': 5.863}, {'end': 1821.165, 'text': 'And I could even add one more level if I wanted to be so crazy, like four.', 'start': 1816.542, 'duration': 4.623}, {'end': 1827.503, 'text': "And I'll let you enjoy this on your own to try to see everything rotating around everything.", 'start': 1822.779, 'duration': 4.724}, {'end': 1834.749, 'text': 'Now, OK, so I would encourage you to take this, add some color, think about the distances, the values, the ratios, all of that much more thoughtfully.', 'start': 1827.583, 'duration': 7.166}, {'end': 1838.192, 'text': 'But this idea of nesting systems is kind of interesting to play with.', 'start': 1835.069, 'duration': 3.123}, {'end': 1840.113, 'text': "Let's at least see if we can move this to 3D.", 'start': 1838.452, 'duration': 1.661}], 'summary': 'Visualizing multiple levels of moons rotating around different objects, with the possibility of adding up to four levels, and exploring nesting systems in 3d.', 'duration': 42.279, 'max_score': 1797.834, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1797834.jpg'}], 'start': 1544.524, 'title': 'Planetary level tracking and nested planetary systems', 'summary': 'Discusses implementing a level tracking system for planetary spawning, adjusting moon spawning based on planetary levels, and creating nested planetary systems with controlled distances and sizes for visualization and exploration in 3d space.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1652.561, 'start': 1544.524, 'title': 'Planetary level tracking and moon spawning', 'summary': 'Discusses the implementation of a level tracking system for planetary spawning, with a focus on adjusting moon spawning based on different planetary levels, ultimately aiming to limit moon spawning based on specific conditions.', 'duration': 108.037, 'highlights': ['Implementing a level tracking system for planetary spawning The author discusses the addition of a variable to track the level of planetary spawning, allowing for the differentiation and control of moon spawning based on different levels.', 'Adjusting moon spawning based on different planetary levels The author explains the process of adjusting moon spawning based on planetary levels, with the intention to limit moon spawning based on specific conditions, as indicated by the level variable.', 'Limiting moon spawning based on specific conditions The chapter highlights the aim to limit moon spawning based on specific conditions, such as controlling the number of moons spawned based on the level of the planet, showcasing a systematic approach to planetary generation.']}, {'end': 1840.113, 'start': 1652.561, 'title': 'Creating nested planetary systems', 'summary': "Discusses creating nested planetary systems with multiple levels of moons, with distances and sizes controlled by a variable 'level', allowing for visualization and exploration in 3d space.", 'duration': 187.552, 'highlights': ['Creating nested planetary systems with multiple levels of moons The speaker discusses creating planetary systems with multiple levels of moons, adding depth and complexity to the system.', "Controlling distances and sizes using a variable 'level' The speaker emphasizes using a variable 'level' to control the distances and sizes of moons, providing flexibility and visualization in the system.", 'Visualization and exploration in 3D space The chapter encourages visualization and exploration in 3D space, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the nested planetary systems.']}], 'duration': 295.589, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/l8SiJ-RmeHU/pics/l8SiJ-RmeHU1544524.jpg', 'highlights': ['Implementing a level tracking system for planetary spawning', 'Creating nested planetary systems with multiple levels of moons', 'Adjusting moon spawning based on different planetary levels', "Controlling distances and sizes using a variable 'level'", 'Limiting moon spawning based on specific conditions', 'Visualization and exploration in 3D space']}], 'highlights': ['Creating nested planetary systems with multiple levels of moons', 'The need for data structures to store information about planets is highlighted, indicating the complexity of planetary systems with varying numbers of planets and moons, emphasizing the significance of efficient and organized data storage and management to represent celestial bodies accurately.', 'The null pointer exception occurs when attempting to display the planets and their children, leading to the realization that the recursive system causes an infinite loop.', 'The order of operations in 3D animation is crucial, as demonstrated by the impact of incorrect ordering on the appearance of objects.', 'The process of creating a solar system in Processing involves adding planets, defining their orbit speed, and addressing issues with object spinning to achieve a visual representation of rotating planets.']}