title
Jimmy Wales: Wikipedia | Lex Fridman Podcast #385

description
Jimmy Wales is the co-founder of Wikipedia. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Hexclad Cookware: https://hexclad.com/lex and use code LEX to get 10% off - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings - House of Macadamias: https://houseofmacadamias.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off your first order TRANSCRIPT: https://lexfridman.com/jimmy-wales-transcript EPISODE LINKS: Jimmy's Twitter: https://twitter.com/jimmy_wales Jimmy's Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Wales Donate to Wikipedia: https://donate.wikimedia.org WT.Social: https://wt.social/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 0:47 - Origin story of Wikipedia 6:51 - Design of Wikipedia 13:44 - Number of articles on Wikipedia 19:55 - Wikipedia pages for living persons 40:48 - ChatGPT 54:19 - Wikipedia's political bias 1:00:23 - Conspiracy theories 1:13:28 - Facebook 1:21:46 - Twitter 1:42:22 - Building Wikipedia 1:56:55 - Wikipedia funding 2:08:15 - ChatGPT vs Wikipedia 2:12:56 - Larry Sanger 2:18:28 - Twitter files 2:21:20 - Government and censorship 2:35:44 - Adolf Hitler's Wikipedia page 2:47:26 - Future of Wikipedia 2:59:29 - Advice for young people 3:06:50 - Meaning of life SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

detail
{'title': 'Jimmy Wales: Wikipedia | Lex Fridman Podcast #385', 'heatmap': [{'end': 2115.15, 'start': 1985.462, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': "Jimmy wales discusses wikipedia's origin, growth, impact on biographies and language models, importance of attribution, media influence, managing online criticism, values, future with ai, challenges in science, machine-generated content, and global cultural exchange.", 'chapters': [{'end': 800.827, 'segs': [{'end': 31.968, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.029, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4.85, 'text': "We've never bowed down to government pressure anywhere in the world, and we never will.", 'start': 0.029, 'duration': 4.821}, {'end': 7.351, 'text': "We understand that we're hardcore.", 'start': 5.75, 'duration': 1.601}, {'end': 12.052, 'text': 'And actually, there is a bit of nuance about how different companies respond to this.', 'start': 7.451, 'duration': 4.601}, {'end': 15.213, 'text': 'But our response has always been just to say no.', 'start': 12.112, 'duration': 3.101}, {'end': 18.294, 'text': 'And if they threaten to block, well, knock yourself out.', 'start': 15.713, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 19.294, 'text': "You're going to lose Wikipedia.", 'start': 18.314, 'duration': 0.98}, {'end': 31.968, 'text': 'The following is a conversation with Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Wikipedia, one of, if not the most impactful websites ever,', 'start': 21.886, 'duration': 10.082}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia co-founder jimmy wales emphasizes resistance to government pressure, asserting a strong stance and potential consequences for blocking access.', 'duration': 31.939, 'max_score': 0.029, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo29.jpg'}, {'end': 121.488, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 91.762, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 97.169, 'text': 'And I realized that that kind of collaboration could extend beyond just software to all kinds of cultural works.', 'start': 91.762, 'duration': 5.407}, {'end': 100.852, 'text': 'And the first thing that I thought of was an encyclopedia.', 'start': 98.41, 'duration': 2.442}, {'end': 105.316, 'text': 'I thought, oh, that seems obvious that an encyclopedia, you can collaborate on it.', 'start': 101.213, 'duration': 4.103}, {'end': 106.657, 'text': "There's a few reasons why.", 'start': 105.536, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 113.622, 'text': 'One, we all pretty much know what an encyclopedia entry on, say, the Eiffel Tower should be like.', 'start': 106.837, 'duration': 6.785}, {'end': 121.488, 'text': 'You know, you should see a picture, a few pictures maybe, history, location, something about the architect, etc., etc., etc.', 'start': 114.163, 'duration': 7.325}], 'summary': 'Collaboration extends to cultural works like encyclopedia entries, with clear expectations and potential for diverse contributions.', 'duration': 29.726, 'max_score': 91.762, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo91762.jpg'}, {'end': 314.891, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 285.556, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 292.659, 'text': "And we were concerned that, oh, maybe these academics are going to really hate this idea, and we shouldn't just convert the project immediately.", 'start': 285.556, 'duration': 7.103}, {'end': 297.042, 'text': "We should launch this as a side project, the idea of, here's a wiki where we can start playing around.", 'start': 293.14, 'duration': 3.902}, {'end': 305.137, 'text': 'But actually we got more work done in two weeks than we had in almost two years because people were able to just jump on and start doing stuff.', 'start': 298.288, 'duration': 6.849}, {'end': 307.741, 'text': 'And it was actually a very exciting time.', 'start': 305.678, 'duration': 2.063}, {'end': 314.891, 'text': "Back then you could be the first person who typed Africa is a continent and hit save, which isn't much of an encyclopedia entry.", 'start': 308.522, 'duration': 6.369}], 'summary': 'Launching the wiki as a side project led to more work done in two weeks than in almost two years, creating an exciting and productive environment.', 'duration': 29.335, 'max_score': 285.556, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo285556.jpg'}, {'end': 511.164, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 483.205, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 486.567, 'text': "And then when that gets updated, it updates in all the languages where you've done that.", 'start': 483.205, 'duration': 3.362}, {'end': 487.868, 'text': "I mean, that's really interesting.", 'start': 486.787, 'duration': 1.081}, {'end': 493.231, 'text': 'There was this chain of emails in the early days of discussing the details of what is..', 'start': 487.908, 'duration': 5.323}, {'end': 494.672, 'text': "So there's the interface, there's the..", 'start': 493.231, 'duration': 1.441}, {'end': 495.593, 'text': 'Yeah, so the interface.', 'start': 494.932, 'duration': 0.661}, {'end': 500.777, 'text': 'So an example, there was some software called UseModWiki, which we started with.', 'start': 495.613, 'duration': 5.164}, {'end': 507.722, 'text': "It's quite amusing, actually, because the main reason we launched with UseModWiki is that it was a single Perl script.", 'start': 500.797, 'duration': 6.925}, {'end': 511.164, 'text': 'So it was really easy for me to install it on the server and just get running.', 'start': 508.202, 'duration': 2.962}], 'summary': 'Updates in all languages, launched with usemodwiki for easy installation.', 'duration': 27.959, 'max_score': 483.205, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo483205.jpg'}, {'end': 730.348, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 698.779, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 700.299, 'text': 'What is an encyclopedia??', 'start': 698.779, 'duration': 1.52}, {'end': 710.243, 'text': 'So the way I would put it is an encyclopedia, or what our goal is is the sum of all human knowledge, but sum meaning summary.', 'start': 700.339, 'duration': 9.904}, {'end': 713.684, 'text': 'So, and this was an early debate.', 'start': 710.983, 'duration': 2.701}, {'end': 718.485, 'text': 'I mean, somebody started uploading the full text of Hamlet, for example.', 'start': 713.724, 'duration': 4.761}, {'end': 720.185, 'text': 'And we said, hmm, wait, hold on a second.', 'start': 718.725, 'duration': 1.46}, {'end': 722.966, 'text': "That's not an encyclopedia article, but why not?", 'start': 720.926, 'duration': 2.04}, {'end': 730.348, 'text': 'So hence was born Wikisource, which is where you put original texts and things like that out of copyright text.', 'start': 724.266, 'duration': 6.082}], 'summary': 'An encyclopedia aims to summarize all human knowledge, leading to the creation of wikisource for out-of-copyright texts.', 'duration': 31.569, 'max_score': 698.779, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo698779.jpg'}], 'start': 0.029, 'title': "Wikipedia's origin and collaborative model", 'summary': "Explores jimmy wales' refusal to bow down to government pressure, the origin story of wikipedia, and the challenges faced in creating a collaborative encyclopedia, along with the birth of wikipedia, its collaborative model, the success of the wiki format, initial interface challenges, and philosophical debate on content and scope.", 'chapters': [{'end': 259.494, 'start': 0.029, 'title': "Jimmy wales: wikipedia's origin story", 'summary': "Explores jimmy wales' refusal to bow down to government pressure, the origin story of wikipedia and the challenges faced in creating a collaborative encyclopedia, ultimately leading to the creation of wikipedia.", 'duration': 259.465, 'highlights': ["Jimmy Wales emphasizes Wikipedia's refusal to succumb to government pressure, highlighting their unwavering stance on the matter, which showcases their resilience and dedication to their principles.", "The conversation delves into the origin story of Wikipedia, detailing Jimmy Wales' inspiration from the free software movement and his vision of extending collaboration beyond software to cultural works, leading to the idea of a collaborative encyclopedia.", 'The challenges faced in creating a collaborative encyclopedia are discussed, including the initial attempt with Newpedia, the stringent seven-stage review process, and the realization that such an approach was not feasible, ultimately leading to the creation of Wikipedia.']}, {'end': 800.827, 'start': 260.315, 'title': 'Birth of wikipedia and its collaborative model', 'summary': "Discusses the birth of wikipedia, initial challenges, and its collaborative model, highlighting the success of the wiki format, the early interface challenges, and the philosophical debate on the encyclopedia's content and scope.", 'duration': 540.512, 'highlights': ["Wikipedia's birth as a side project led to more productivity in two weeks than in almost two years, enabling a collaborative and exciting environment where users could contribute and improve content, showcasing the success of the wiki format. More work done in two weeks than almost two years", 'The early interface challenges included the use of UseModWiki, a single Perl script lacking real logins and a database, requiring the development of a login system and a solution for creating links, demonstrating the initial technical hurdles faced by Wikipedia. UseModWiki lacked real logins and a database', "The philosophical debate on the encyclopedia's content and scope raised questions about the definition of an encyclopedia, leading to the creation of Wikisource for original texts and discussions on the inclusion of recipes, showcasing the diverse perspectives on encyclopedia content. Creation of Wikisource for original texts, discussions on the inclusion of recipes"]}], 'duration': 800.798, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo29.jpg', 'highlights': ["Jimmy Wales emphasizes Wikipedia's refusal to succumb to government pressure, showcasing their resilience and dedication to principles.", 'The challenges faced in creating a collaborative encyclopedia, including the initial attempt with Newpedia and the realization that such an approach was not feasible.', "Wikipedia's birth as a side project led to more productivity in two weeks than in almost two years, showcasing the success of the wiki format.", 'The early interface challenges included the use of UseModWiki, demonstrating the initial technical hurdles faced by Wikipedia.', "The philosophical debate on the encyclopedia's content and scope raised questions about the definition of an encyclopedia, showcasing diverse perspectives."]}, {'end': 1641.846, 'segs': [{'end': 856.125, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 824.301, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 839.415, 'text': 'Well, just to throw some numbers, as of May 27th 2023, there are 6.66 million articles in the English Wikipedia containing over 4.3 billion words,', 'start': 824.301, 'duration': 15.114}, {'end': 841.016, 'text': 'including articles.', 'start': 839.415, 'duration': 1.601}, {'end': 845.26, 'text': 'the total number of pages is 58 million.', 'start': 841.016, 'duration': 4.244}, {'end': 849.062, 'text': 'Does that blow your mind? I mean, yes, it does.', 'start': 845.28, 'duration': 3.782}, {'end': 853.224, 'text': "I mean, it doesn't because I know those numbers and see them from time to time.", 'start': 849.142, 'duration': 4.082}, {'end': 856.125, 'text': 'But in another sense, a deeper sense, yeah, it does.', 'start': 853.284, 'duration': 2.841}], 'summary': 'As of may 27th 2023, english wikipedia has 6.66m articles with over 4.3b words and 58m pages.', 'duration': 31.824, 'max_score': 824.301, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo824301.jpg'}, {'end': 1065.333, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1037.119, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1043.762, 'text': "And so then it raises the question, what can you have an article about, what can't you? And that can vary depending on the subject matter.", 'start': 1037.119, 'duration': 6.643}, {'end': 1050.606, 'text': 'One of the areas where we try to be much more careful would be biographies.', 'start': 1045.223, 'duration': 5.383}, {'end': 1057.87, 'text': 'The reason is a biography of a living person, if you get it wrong, it can actually be quite hurtful, quite damaging.', 'start': 1051.546, 'duration': 6.324}, {'end': 1065.333, 'text': "And so if someone is a private person and somebody tries to create a Wikipedia, there's no way to update it.", 'start': 1057.97, 'duration': 7.363}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia is cautious with biographies, as errors can harm living subjects.', 'duration': 28.214, 'max_score': 1037.119, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo1037118.jpg'}, {'end': 1624.452, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1594.073, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1597.535, 'text': 'Like nobody even knows what that means or whatever, but it can be super important.', 'start': 1594.073, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 1605.42, 'text': "And so that's one of the reasons, you know, for biographies, we say like human dignity really matters.", 'start': 1598.456, 'duration': 6.964}, {'end': 1615.186, 'text': 'And so, you know, some of the things have to do with, and this is a common debate that goes on in Wikipedia, is what we call undue weight.', 'start': 1606.32, 'duration': 8.866}, {'end': 1616.927, 'text': "So I'll give an example.", 'start': 1615.546, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 1624.452, 'text': 'There was an article I stumbled across many years ago about the mayor.', 'start': 1619.068, 'duration': 5.384}], 'summary': "Biographies emphasize human dignity, debates on 'undue weight' in wikipedia articles.", 'duration': 30.379, 'max_score': 1594.073, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo1594073.jpg'}], 'start': 800.827, 'title': "Wikipedia's growth and biographical challenges", 'summary': 'Discusses the immense growth of english wikipedia with 6.66 million articles and 4.3 billion words, the challenge of notability and verifiability, ethical considerations for biographies of living persons, and the impact of wikipedia on individual recognition, highlighting the significance of minor details and the debate on undue weight in wikipedia entries.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1383.087, 'start': 800.827, 'title': 'The expansion and limitations of wikipedia', 'summary': 'Discusses the immense growth of english wikipedia with 6.66 million articles and 4.3 billion words, the challenge of notability and the issue of verifiability, as well as the ethical considerations for biographies of living persons, and the complexities of sourcing and potential attacks on individuals.', 'duration': 582.26, 'highlights': ['English Wikipedia has 6.66 million articles and 4.3 billion words, with a total of 58 million pages. The growth of English Wikipedia is demonstrated by the vast number of articles and words, indicating its significant size and scope.', 'The challenge of notability and the issue of verifiability are discussed, particularly in relation to biographies of living persons and the ethical considerations involved. The chapter delves into the philosophical issue of notability, emphasizing the need for verifiability and ethical considerations, especially in the context of biographies of living persons.', 'The complexities of sourcing and potential attacks on individuals, as well as the ethical considerations for biographies of living persons, are examined. The chapter explores the challenges of sourcing and potential attacks on individuals, highlighting the ethical considerations for biographies of living persons and the need for credible sources.']}, {'end': 1641.846, 'start': 1383.727, 'title': 'Wikipedia, biographies, and human dignity', 'summary': 'Discusses the personal importance of accurate biographical details, the impact of wikipedia on individual recognition, and the value of human dignity in biographies, highlighting the significance of minor details and the debate on undue weight in wikipedia entries.', 'duration': 258.119, 'highlights': ['The impact of Wikipedia on individual recognition and the value of human dignity in biographies, highlighting the significance of minor details and the debate on undue weight in Wikipedia entries.', 'The personal importance of accurate biographical details, emphasizing the impact on individuals and the value of human recognition.', 'The significance of minor details in biographies and the debate on undue weight in Wikipedia entries, illustrating the importance of human dignity in representing individuals accurately.', 'The personal significance of accurate biographical details, emphasizing the impact on recognition and the value of human dignity in biographies.', 'The debate on undue weight in Wikipedia entries, highlighting the importance of accurately representing individuals and the significance of minor details in biographies.']}], 'duration': 841.019, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo800827.jpg', 'highlights': ['English Wikipedia has 6.66 million articles and 4.3 billion words, with a total of 58 million pages.', 'The challenge of notability and the issue of verifiability are discussed, particularly in relation to biographies of living persons and the ethical considerations involved.', 'The complexities of sourcing and potential attacks on individuals, as well as the ethical considerations for biographies of living persons, are examined.', 'The impact of Wikipedia on individual recognition and the value of human dignity in biographies, highlighting the significance of minor details and the debate on undue weight in Wikipedia entries.']}, {'end': 2518.199, 'segs': [{'end': 1754.835, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1723.119, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1726.1, 'text': 'You can contextualize appropriately and so forth.', 'start': 1723.119, 'duration': 2.981}, {'end': 1728.241, 'text': "So that's, you know, that's..", 'start': 1726.681, 'duration': 1.56}, {'end': 1733.064, 'text': 'you know, part of the whole process.', 'start': 1731.323, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 1739.447, 'text': 'But I think for me, one of the most important things is what I call community health.', 'start': 1733.684, 'duration': 5.763}, {'end': 1742.809, 'text': 'So yeah, are we going to get it wrong sometimes? Yeah, of course.', 'start': 1739.987, 'duration': 2.822}, {'end': 1747.731, 'text': "We're humans, and doing good quality, you know, sort of reference material is hard.", 'start': 1743.089, 'duration': 4.642}, {'end': 1754.835, 'text': 'The real question is how do people react, you know, to a criticism or a complaint or a concern?', 'start': 1748.772, 'duration': 6.063}], 'summary': 'Community health is essential; occasional errors are inevitable. how people react to criticism matters.', 'duration': 31.716, 'max_score': 1723.119, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo1723119.jpg'}, {'end': 2115.15, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1985.462, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1991.227, 'text': 'this morning that I saw someone left a note on my user talk page in English Wikipedia,', 'start': 1985.462, 'duration': 5.765}, {'end': 1996.251, 'text': 'saying it was quite a dramatic headline saying racist hook on front page.', 'start': 1991.227, 'duration': 5.024}, {'end': 1999.314, 'text': 'So we have on the front page of Wikipedia, we have a little section called did you know?', 'start': 1996.271, 'duration': 3.043}, {'end': 2002.616, 'text': "And it's just little tidbits and facts, just things people find interesting.", 'start': 1999.334, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 2004.318, 'text': "And there's a whole process for how things get there.", 'start': 2002.636, 'duration': 1.682}, {'end': 2014.89, 'text': 'And the one that somebody was raising a question about was, it was comparing a very well-known US football player, Black.', 'start': 2005.198, 'duration': 9.692}, {'end': 2023.58, 'text': 'There was a quote from another famous sport person comparing him to a Lamborghini, clearly a compliment.', 'start': 2016.352, 'duration': 7.228}, {'end': 2027.402, 'text': "And so somebody said actually here's a study,", 'start': 2024.961, 'duration': 2.441}, {'end': 2037.004, 'text': "here's some interesting information about how black sports people are far more often compared to inanimate objects and given that kind of analogy.", 'start': 2027.402, 'duration': 9.602}, {'end': 2041.245, 'text': "And I think it's demeaning to compare a person to a car, et cetera, et cetera.", 'start': 2037.044, 'duration': 4.201}, {'end': 2046.687, 'text': "But they said, I'm not deleting it, I'm not removing it, I just want to raise the question.", 'start': 2041.626, 'duration': 5.061}, {'end': 2053.049, 'text': "And then there's this really interesting conversation that goes on where I think the general consensus was.", 'start': 2047.147, 'duration': 5.902}, {'end': 2053.349, 'text': 'you know what?', 'start': 2053.049, 'duration': 0.3}, {'end': 2058.851, 'text': "This isn't like the alarming headline racist thing on the front page of Wikipedia.", 'start': 2053.529, 'duration': 5.322}, {'end': 2060.572, 'text': 'That sounds, holy moly, that sounds bad.', 'start': 2058.891, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 2065.793, 'text': "But it's sort of like, actually, yeah, this probably isn't the sort of analogy that we think is great.", 'start': 2060.972, 'duration': 4.821}, {'end': 2077.599, 'text': 'And so we should probably think about how to improve our language and not compare sports people to inanimate objects and particularly be aware of certain racial sensitivities that there might be around that sort of thing.', 'start': 2066.094, 'duration': 11.505}, {'end': 2082.101, 'text': 'if there is a disparity in the media of how people are called and i just thought you know what,', 'start': 2077.599, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 2086.902, 'text': "nothing for me to weigh in on here this is a good conversation, like nobody's saying.", 'start': 2082.101, 'duration': 4.801}, {'end': 2094.525, 'text': 'you know people should be banned if, if they refer to what was his name the fridge refrigerator, perry, the, you know,', 'start': 2086.902, 'duration': 7.623}, {'end': 2100.307, 'text': "very famous comparison to an inanimate object of a chicago bears player many years ago but they're just saying, hey,", 'start': 2094.525, 'duration': 5.782}, {'end': 2103.448, 'text': "let's be careful about analogies that we just pick up from the media.", 'start': 2100.307, 'duration': 3.141}, {'end': 2106.568, 'text': "i said, yeah, you know, that's good.", 'start': 2103.448, 'duration': 3.12}, {'end': 2115.15, 'text': "on, the sort of uh deprecation of news sources is really interesting because i think what you're saying is ultimately you want to make a article by article decision,", 'start': 2106.568, 'duration': 8.582}], 'summary': 'Discussion on racial sensitivity and language use in wikipedia content.', 'duration': 129.688, 'max_score': 1985.462, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo1985462.jpg'}, {'end': 2077.599, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2047.147, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2053.049, 'text': "And then there's this really interesting conversation that goes on where I think the general consensus was.", 'start': 2047.147, 'duration': 5.902}, {'end': 2053.349, 'text': 'you know what?', 'start': 2053.049, 'duration': 0.3}, {'end': 2058.851, 'text': "This isn't like the alarming headline racist thing on the front page of Wikipedia.", 'start': 2053.529, 'duration': 5.322}, {'end': 2060.572, 'text': 'That sounds, holy moly, that sounds bad.', 'start': 2058.891, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 2065.793, 'text': "But it's sort of like, actually, yeah, this probably isn't the sort of analogy that we think is great.", 'start': 2060.972, 'duration': 4.821}, {'end': 2077.599, 'text': 'And so we should probably think about how to improve our language and not compare sports people to inanimate objects and particularly be aware of certain racial sensitivities that there might be around that sort of thing.', 'start': 2066.094, 'duration': 11.505}], 'summary': 'Discussion on improving language to avoid racial insensitivity.', 'duration': 30.452, 'max_score': 2047.147, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2047147.jpg'}, {'end': 2210.236, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2183.74, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2197.168, 'text': 'but ChatGPT 4 is really quite able to take a passage and point out potentially biased terms to rewrite it to be more neutral.', 'start': 2183.74, 'duration': 13.428}, {'end': 2201.33, 'text': "Now, it is a bit anodyne and it's a bit, you know, cliched.", 'start': 2197.228, 'duration': 4.102}, {'end': 2205.453, 'text': "So sometimes it just takes the spirit out of something that's actually not bad.", 'start': 2201.871, 'duration': 3.582}, {'end': 2210.236, 'text': "It's just like, you know, poetic language, and you're like, okay, that's not actually helping.", 'start': 2205.513, 'duration': 4.723}], 'summary': 'Chatgpt 4 identifies biased terms, but may overly neutralize poetic language.', 'duration': 26.496, 'max_score': 2183.74, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2183740.jpg'}, {'end': 2469.943, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2443.675, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2448.236, 'text': 'Yeah, aspire to aspire to aspirational.', 'start': 2443.675, 'duration': 4.561}, {'end': 2457.479, 'text': "What if we just talk about that? Before we jump back to some other interesting topics on Wikipedia, let's talk about GPT-4 and large language models.", 'start': 2448.516, 'duration': 8.963}, {'end': 2461.179, 'text': 'So they are in part trained on Wikipedia content.', 'start': 2458.259, 'duration': 2.92}, {'end': 2467.721, 'text': 'Yeah What are the pros and cons of these language models? What are your thoughts? Yeah.', 'start': 2461.58, 'duration': 6.141}, {'end': 2469.943, 'text': "So, I mean, there's a lot of stuff going on.", 'start': 2468.122, 'duration': 1.821}], 'summary': 'Discussion on gpt-4 and large language models trained on wikipedia, exploring their pros and cons.', 'duration': 26.268, 'max_score': 2443.675, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2443675.jpg'}], 'start': 1642.426, 'title': "Wikipedia's impact on biographies and language models", 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of community health on biography editing, emphasizing the need to contextualize controversies, avoid undue weight, and assess source reliability. it also explores a case on english wikipedia regarding potentially racial analogies and the use of language models like chatgpt 4 to detect biased language.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1968.853, 'start': 1642.426, 'title': 'Biography editing and community health', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of community health in editing biographies, emphasizing the need to contextualize controversies, avoid undue weight, and assess the reliability of sources, while highlighting the impact of flawed media and the decision to deprecate the mail online as a source.', 'duration': 326.427, 'highlights': ['The importance of community health in editing biographies, emphasizing the need to contextualize controversies, avoid undue weight, and assess the reliability of sources. Emphasizes the need to contextualize controversies, avoid undue weight, and assess the reliability of sources in biographies.', 'The impact of flawed media and the decision to deprecate the Mail Online as a source due to hyped-up stories and lack of credibility. Discusses the impact of flawed media and the decision to deprecate the Mail Online as a source due to hyped-up stories and lack of credibility.', 'The need for maintaining community health and the positive impact of a respectful and knowledgeable community in the pursuit of accurate knowledge. Emphasizes the need for maintaining community health and the positive impact of a respectful and knowledgeable community in the pursuit of accurate knowledge.']}, {'end': 2518.199, 'start': 1968.873, 'title': 'Wikipedia and language models', 'summary': 'Discusses a case on english wikipedia where a conversation took place regarding a potentially racial analogy on the front page, the use of language models like chatgpt 4 to detect biased language, and the implications of large language models trained on wikipedia content.', 'duration': 549.326, 'highlights': ["A conversation on English Wikipedia took place regarding a potentially racial analogy on the front page, leading to a discussion about improving language and being aware of racial sensitivities. This conversation led to a discussion about racial sensitivities and the need to improve language, highlighting the community's awareness of racial issues and the willingness to address them.", 'The use of ChatGPT 4 to detect biased language and rewrite passages to be more neutral was discussed, acknowledging its potential to help identify and address biased language. The conversation touched on the potential of ChatGPT 4 to identify and address biased language, indicating an interest in using tools to promote neutrality in content.', 'The implications of large language models, such as GPT-4, trained on Wikipedia content were examined, discussing the rapid technological advancements and the importance of open licensing and attribution. The discussion highlighted the implications of large language models trained on Wikipedia content, emphasizing the rapid technological advancements and the significance of open licensing and attribution.']}], 'duration': 875.773, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo1642426.jpg', 'highlights': ['The implications of large language models, such as GPT-4, trained on Wikipedia content were examined, discussing the rapid technological advancements and the importance of open licensing and attribution.', 'The use of ChatGPT 4 to detect biased language and rewrite passages to be more neutral was discussed, acknowledging its potential to help identify and address biased language.', 'A conversation on English Wikipedia took place regarding a potentially racial analogy on the front page, leading to a discussion about improving language and being aware of racial sensitivities.', 'The need for maintaining community health and the positive impact of a respectful and knowledgeable community in the pursuit of accurate knowledge.', 'The importance of community health in editing biographies, emphasizing the need to contextualize controversies, avoid undue weight, and assess the reliability of sources.']}, {'end': 3801.099, 'segs': [{'end': 2577.956, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2544.982, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2546.442, 'text': "I learned it somewhere, I can't tell you where.", 'start': 2544.982, 'duration': 1.46}, {'end': 2549.823, 'text': "So you don't have to cite and reference every single thing.", 'start': 2546.982, 'duration': 2.841}, {'end': 2557.686, 'text': "But you know, if I actually did research and I used something very heavily, it's just proper, morally proper to give your sources.", 'start': 2550.444, 'duration': 7.242}, {'end': 2559.467, 'text': 'So we would like to see that.', 'start': 2557.766, 'duration': 1.701}, {'end': 2563.008, 'text': 'And obviously, you know, they call it grounding.', 'start': 2559.587, 'duration': 3.421}, {'end': 2568.17, 'text': 'So particularly people at Google are really keen on figuring out grounding.', 'start': 2563.848, 'duration': 4.322}, {'end': 2569.611, 'text': "That's such a cool term.", 'start': 2568.69, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 2577.956, 'text': "So any text that's generated, trying to ground it to the Wikipedia quality source.", 'start': 2569.631, 'duration': 8.325}], 'summary': 'Properly citing sources is important, particularly at google, aiming for grounding to wikipedia quality sources.', 'duration': 32.974, 'max_score': 2544.982, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2544982.jpg'}, {'end': 2763.075, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2736.994, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2741.238, 'text': "But we thought it's important enough to bring it to you, but just be aware that not all the journalists are on board with it.", 'start': 2736.994, 'duration': 4.244}, {'end': 2742.919, 'text': "Oh, that's actually interesting, and that's fine.", 'start': 2741.378, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 2745.842, 'text': 'I would trust them more for that level of transparency.', 'start': 2743.299, 'duration': 2.543}, {'end': 2749.805, 'text': 'So yeah, similarly, ChatGPT should say, yeah, 87% bullshit.', 'start': 2745.882, 'duration': 3.923}, {'end': 2757.832, 'text': "Well, the neutrality one is really interesting because that's basically a summary of the discussions that are going on underneath the.", 'start': 2751.286, 'duration': 6.546}, {'end': 2761.194, 'text': 'It would be amazing if I should be honest.', 'start': 2758.352, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 2763.075, 'text': "I don't look at the talk page often.", 'start': 2761.194, 'duration': 1.881}], 'summary': 'Discussions include 87% distrust, neutrality, and transparency.', 'duration': 26.081, 'max_score': 2736.994, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2736994.jpg'}, {'end': 2831.15, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2795.148, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2799.35, 'text': 'we do approach things in a non-commercial way in a really deep sense.', 'start': 2795.148, 'duration': 4.202}, {'end': 2806.575, 'text': "it's like It's been great that Wikipedia has become very popular, but really we're a community whose hobby is writing an encyclopedia.", 'start': 2799.35, 'duration': 7.225}, {'end': 2807.656, 'text': "That's first.", 'start': 2807.155, 'duration': 0.501}, {'end': 2808.897, 'text': "And if it's popular, great.", 'start': 2807.816, 'duration': 1.081}, {'end': 2812.979, 'text': "If it's not, okay, we might have trouble paying for more servers, but it'll be fine.", 'start': 2808.997, 'duration': 3.982}, {'end': 2817.162, 'text': 'And so how do we help the community use these tools?', 'start': 2813.82, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 2818.683, 'text': 'what are the ways that these tools can support people?', 'start': 2817.162, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 2823.646, 'text': "and one example i never thought about i'm going to start playing with it is, you know,", 'start': 2818.683, 'duration': 4.963}, {'end': 2831.15, 'text': 'feed in the article and feed in the talk page and say can you suggest some warnings in the article based on the conversations in the talk page?', 'start': 2823.646, 'duration': 7.504}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia prioritizes non-commercial community-driven encyclopedia writing, with potential server funding challenges.', 'duration': 36.002, 'max_score': 2795.148, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2795148.jpg'}, {'end': 2920.968, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2895.626, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2907.634, 'text': "so the the discussion was that they're building something in israel And for their own political reasons, one side calls it a wall,", 'start': 2895.626, 'duration': 12.008}, {'end': 2910.437, 'text': 'hearkening back to Berlin Wall apartheid.', 'start': 2907.634, 'duration': 2.803}, {'end': 2912.259, 'text': 'The other calls it a security fence.', 'start': 2910.897, 'duration': 1.362}, {'end': 2920.968, 'text': "So we can understand quite quickly, if we give it a moment's thought, like, okay, I understand why people would have this grappling over the language.", 'start': 2912.98, 'duration': 7.988}], 'summary': 'Israel building disputed structure, sparking debate over terminology.', 'duration': 25.342, 'max_score': 2895.626, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2895626.jpg'}, {'end': 2981.363, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2940.845, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2945.529, 'text': 'And how you explain that to people could be quite charged, right?', 'start': 2940.845, 'duration': 4.684}, {'end': 2952.232, 'text': "You could easily Explain oh, there's this difference, and it's because this side's good and this side's bad, and that's why there's a difference.", 'start': 2945.549, 'duration': 6.683}, {'end': 2958.875, 'text': "Or you could say, actually, let's try and really stay as neutral as we can and try to explain the reason.", 'start': 2952.452, 'duration': 6.423}, {'end': 2962.276, 'text': 'So you may come away from it with a concept.', 'start': 2958.915, 'duration': 3.361}, {'end': 2965.557, 'text': 'Oh, okay, I understand what this debate is about now.', 'start': 2962.716, 'duration': 2.841}, {'end': 2981.363, 'text': 'And just the term Israel-Palestine conflict is still the title of a page at Wikipedia, but the word conflict is something that is a charged word.', 'start': 2966.517, 'duration': 14.846}], 'summary': 'Explaining the israel-palestine conflict neutrally can help avoid charged language and promote understanding.', 'duration': 40.518, 'max_score': 2940.845, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2940845.jpg'}, {'end': 3083.762, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3057.964, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 3064.749, 'text': 'um, I was listed in American entrepreneurs, fine American atheists.', 'start': 3057.964, 'duration': 6.785}, {'end': 3068.171, 'text': "And I said, hmm, that doesn't feel right to me.", 'start': 3064.989, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 3070.092, 'text': "Like just personally, it's true.", 'start': 3068.471, 'duration': 1.621}, {'end': 3080.759, 'text': "I mean I wouldn't disagree with the objective fact of it, but when you click the category and you see sort of a lot of people who are, you might say,", 'start': 3070.112, 'duration': 10.647}, {'end': 3083.762, 'text': "American atheist activists, because that's their big issue.", 'start': 3080.759, 'duration': 3.003}], 'summary': 'Not comfortable with being listed as an american atheist due to lack of activism.', 'duration': 25.798, 'max_score': 3057.964, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo3057964.jpg'}, {'end': 3237.1, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3210.169, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 3221.134, 'text': "Yeah And there's certain words that have a lot of power, like criminal, um, like political left, right center, um, anarchist, objectivist.", 'start': 3210.169, 'duration': 10.965}, {'end': 3229.317, 'text': 'Uh, what other philosophies are there? Marxist, communist, social Democrat, democratic socialist, socialist.', 'start': 3222.534, 'duration': 6.783}, {'end': 3230.878, 'text': 'and like.', 'start': 3230.578, 'duration': 0.3}, {'end': 3237.1, 'text': "if you add that as a category, all of a sudden it's like oh boy, you're that guy now, yeah, and i don't know if you want to be.", 'start': 3230.878, 'duration': 6.222}], 'summary': 'Discussion about the power of words and their categorization into political ideologies.', 'duration': 26.931, 'max_score': 3210.169, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo3210169.jpg'}, {'end': 3553.159, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3521.992, 'weight': 10, 'content': [{'end': 3526.054, 'text': "So anyway, if you go to Wikipedia and you research this topic, I think you'll find more or less what I've just said.", 'start': 3521.992, 'duration': 4.062}, {'end': 3531.855, 'text': "I'm like, actually, After it's all, you know, to this point in history, it's mixed evidence.", 'start': 3526.074, 'duration': 5.781}, {'end': 3535.976, 'text': 'Like, masks seem to help, but maybe not as much as some of the authorities said, and here we are.', 'start': 3531.975, 'duration': 4.001}, {'end': 3540.016, 'text': "And that's kind of an example where I think, okay, we've done a good job,", 'start': 3536.976, 'duration': 3.04}, {'end': 3546.158, 'text': 'but I suspect there are people on both sides of that very emotional debate who think this is ridiculous.', 'start': 3540.016, 'duration': 6.142}, {'end': 3553.159, 'text': "Hopefully we've got quality sources, so then hopefully those people who read this can say, oh, actually, you know, it is complicated.", 'start': 3546.298, 'duration': 6.861}], 'summary': 'Masks seem to help, but maybe not as much as some authorities claim, leading to a mixed evidence situation in a very emotional debate.', 'duration': 31.167, 'max_score': 3521.992, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo3521992.jpg'}, {'end': 3664.999, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3637.983, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 3645.448, 'text': "there could be other things we can discuss where there's a mainstream narrative, where,", 'start': 3637.983, 'duration': 7.465}, {'end': 3652.412, 'text': 'if you just look at the percent of the population or the population with platforms,', 'start': 3645.448, 'duration': 6.964}, {'end': 3658.975, 'text': 'what they say and then what is a small percentage in opposition to that,', 'start': 3652.412, 'duration': 6.563}, {'end': 3664.999, 'text': "and what is Wikipedia's responsibility to accurately represent both the mainstream and the fringe, do you think?", 'start': 3658.975, 'duration': 6.024}], 'summary': "Discussing wikipedia's responsibility to accurately represent mainstream and fringe viewpoints.", 'duration': 27.016, 'max_score': 3637.983, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo3637983.jpg'}, {'end': 3746.717, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3713.455, 'weight': 11, 'content': [{'end': 3715.315, 'text': "Everybody's heard moon's made of cheese.", 'start': 3713.455, 'duration': 1.86}, {'end': 3723.778, 'text': "But nobody thinks, wow, like Wikipedia is so one-sided, it doesn't even acknowledge the cheese theory.", 'start': 3717.116, 'duration': 6.662}, {'end': 3728.14, 'text': 'I say the same thing about flat Earth, you know, again.', 'start': 3725.299, 'duration': 2.841}, {'end': 3729.741, 'text': "That's exactly what I'm looking up right now.", 'start': 3728.16, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 3730.941, 'text': 'Very little controversy.', 'start': 3729.821, 'duration': 1.12}, {'end': 3738.086, 'text': 'We will have an entry about flat Earth theorizing flat earth people.', 'start': 3732.982, 'duration': 5.104}, {'end': 3746.717, 'text': 'My personal view is most of the people who claim to be flat earthers are just having a laugh, trolling and more power to them.', 'start': 3739.508, 'duration': 7.209}], 'summary': 'Transcript discusses lack of acknowledgement for the cheese theory and flat earth on wikipedia, with skepticism towards flat earthers.', 'duration': 33.262, 'max_score': 3713.455, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo3713455.jpg'}], 'start': 2518.199, 'title': "Importance of attribution and wikipedia's role", 'summary': "Discusses the moral responsibility of proper attribution and grounding in text generation, limitations of chatgpt, linguistic nuances in conflict, and wikipedia's role in providing balanced information amidst politicized topics.", 'chapters': [{'end': 2594.307, 'start': 2518.199, 'title': 'Proper attribution and grounding in text generation', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of proper attribution and grounding in text generation, emphasizing the moral responsibility to cite sources and the need to ground text to reliable sources like wikipedia.', 'duration': 76.108, 'highlights': ['The need for proper attribution and grounding in text generation, emphasizing the moral responsibility to provide sources, particularly for heavily used information.', 'The importance of grounding text to reliable sources like Wikipedia, highlighting the current flaw in ChatGPT generating information without proper grounding.']}, {'end': 2895.626, 'start': 2596.009, 'title': 'Chatgpt and wikipedia', 'summary': "Discusses the limitations of chatgpt in providing accurate information, the potential for future improvements, and the importance of transparency and community support in wikipedia's content creation and discussions.", 'duration': 299.617, 'highlights': ["ChatGPT's limitations in providing accurate information and the need for future improvements The speaker discusses an instance where ChatGPT provided inaccurate information, highlighting the current limitations in accuracy and the hope for future improvements in ChatGPT-5, 6, and 7.", "Importance of transparency and community support in Wikipedia's content creation and discussions The speaker emphasizes the importance of transparency in content creation, likening it to the need for neutrality banners in news articles and proposes using tools to support community discussions and identify controversial topics in Wikipedia.", 'Potential use of tools to identify warnings and emotional content in Wikipedia articles The speaker suggests using tools to identify warnings and emotional content in Wikipedia articles, particularly on controversial topics like the war in Ukraine or Israel and Palestine, to provide a balanced view for readers.']}, {'end': 3429.064, 'start': 2895.626, 'title': 'Language, labels, and bias', 'summary': "Discusses the linguistic nuances in the israel-palestine conflict, the challenges of categorization, and wikipedia's approach to bias, with emphasis on the complexity of language, the struggle to remain neutral, and the impact of labels and categories.", 'duration': 533.438, 'highlights': ['The linguistic nuances in the Israel-Palestine conflict reveal the struggle over language, as one side calls it a wall and the other calls it a security fence. Linguistic nuances in the Israel-Palestine conflict, struggle over language, one side calls it a wall, the other calls it a security fence', "Wikipedia's approach to remaining neutral in presenting controversial topics, such as the Israel-Palestine conflict, is discussed, emphasizing the challenge of explaining the differing perspectives without bias. Wikipedia's approach to neutrality, challenge of explaining differing perspectives without bias, controversy of the Israel-Palestine conflict", 'The complexity of categorization is illustrated through the example of being listed in American atheists category despite not actively campaigning about personal beliefs, highlighting the challenges of assigning labels to individuals. Complexity of categorization, challenges of assigning labels to individuals, example of being listed in American atheists category', 'The discussion on bias in Wikipedia encompasses political biases, fringe viewpoints, and the challenges of reporting fringe views as mainstream, with a focus on maintaining a balanced perspective on controversial topics. Discussion on bias in Wikipedia, political biases, reporting fringe views as mainstream, maintaining a balanced perspective on controversial topics', 'The impact of labels and categories, such as alt-right, political leanings, and ideologies, is explored, highlighting the power and complexity of assigning labels to people and ideas. Impact of labels and categories, exploration of alt-right, political leanings, complexity of assigning labels to people and ideas']}, {'end': 3801.099, 'start': 3429.545, 'title': "Wikipedia's role in providing balanced information", 'summary': 'Discusses the politicization of topics like mask efficacy and flat earth theory, emphasizing the importance of wikipedia in accurately representing both mainstream and fringe ideas while appropriately contextualizing them.', 'duration': 371.554, 'highlights': ["The politicization of topics like mask efficacy and flat Earth theory is discussed, emphasizing the importance of Wikipedia in accurately representing both mainstream and fringe ideas while appropriately contextualizing them. Politicization of mask efficacy and flat Earth theory, Wikipedia's role in representing mainstream and fringe ideas, importance of appropriately contextualizing information.", 'The example of mask efficacy during the COVID-19 pandemic is provided, highlighting the mixed evidence and politicization of the topic, with the hope of providing quality sources and promoting a mature understanding of the complexity of the issue. Mixed evidence on mask efficacy, politicization in the US, importance of quality sources, promoting mature understanding of the topic.', "The discussion of flat Earth theory and the need for Wikipedia to accurately represent and contextualize both mainstream and fringe ideas is presented, emphasizing the challenge of doing so amidst high emotions and providing a simpler example with the Moon's entry. Representation of flat Earth theory, challenge of representing both mainstream and fringe ideas, importance of contextualization, comparison with the Moon's entry."]}], 'duration': 1282.9, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo2518199.jpg', 'highlights': ['The importance of proper attribution and grounding in text generation, emphasizing moral responsibility to provide sources', "ChatGPT's limitations in providing accurate information and the need for future improvements", "Importance of transparency and community support in Wikipedia's content creation and discussions", 'Potential use of tools to identify warnings and emotional content in Wikipedia articles', 'Linguistic nuances in the Israel-Palestine conflict, struggle over language, one side calls it a wall, the other calls it a security fence', "Wikipedia's approach to remaining neutral in presenting controversial topics, emphasizing the challenge of explaining differing perspectives without bias", 'The complexity of categorization, challenges of assigning labels to individuals, example of being listed in American atheists category', 'Discussion on bias in Wikipedia, political biases, reporting fringe views as mainstream, maintaining a balanced perspective on controversial topics', 'The impact of labels and categories, such as alt-right, political leanings, and ideologies, is explored', 'The politicization of topics like mask efficacy and flat Earth theory, emphasizing the importance of Wikipedia in accurately representing both mainstream and fringe ideas while appropriately contextualizing them', 'Mixed evidence on mask efficacy, politicization in the US, importance of quality sources, promoting mature understanding of the topic', 'The discussion of flat Earth theory and the need for Wikipedia to accurately represent and contextualize both mainstream and fringe ideas is presented']}, {'end': 5385.61, 'segs': [{'end': 4489.646, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4452.507, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4453.067, 'text': "They're making money.", 'start': 4452.507, 'duration': 0.56}, {'end': 4454.768, 'text': "That's not where I come from.", 'start': 4453.087, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 4462.311, 'text': "But certain business models mean you are going to prioritize things that maybe aren't that long term healthful.", 'start': 4455.828, 'duration': 6.483}, {'end': 4464.571, 'text': "And so that's a big piece of it.", 'start': 4462.871, 'duration': 1.7}, {'end': 4473.155, 'text': 'So, certainly for Facebook, you could say, you know, with vast resources, Start to prioritize content.', 'start': 4464.611, 'duration': 8.544}, {'end': 4476.617, 'text': "that's higher quality, that's healing, that's kind.", 'start': 4473.155, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 4481.681, 'text': 'Try not to prioritize content that seems to be just getting a rise out of people.', 'start': 4478.018, 'duration': 3.663}, {'end': 4489.646, 'text': 'Now, those are vague human descriptions, right? But I do believe good machine learning algorithms, you can optimize in slightly different ways.', 'start': 4482.161, 'duration': 7.485}], 'summary': 'Facebook aims to prioritize higher quality, healing, and kind content over sensational content to improve long-term healthfulness.', 'duration': 37.139, 'max_score': 4452.507, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo4452507.jpg'}, {'end': 4577.82, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4551.1, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4555.783, 'text': 'actually, for the long-term health in the next 50 years of this organization,', 'start': 4551.1, 'duration': 4.683}, {'end': 4561.747, 'text': "we need to rein in some of the things that are working for us and making money, because they're actually giving us a bad reputation.", 'start': 4555.783, 'duration': 5.964}, {'end': 4567.011, 'text': 'So one of the recommendations, I would say, is and this is not to do with the algorithms and all that.', 'start': 4562.408, 'duration': 4.603}, {'end': 4570.674, 'text': 'but how about just a moratorium on all political advertising?', 'start': 4567.011, 'duration': 3.663}, {'end': 4577.82, 'text': "I don't think it's their most profitable segment, but it's given rise to a lot of deep, hard questions about dark money,", 'start': 4571.334, 'duration': 6.486}], 'summary': 'Recommendation to consider a moratorium on political advertising due to negative impact on reputation and rise of hard questions about dark money.', 'duration': 26.72, 'max_score': 4551.1, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo4551100.jpg'}, {'end': 4864.812, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4837.74, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4844.462, 'text': "So you can get edgier, higher quality, in my view, content rather than saying, it's gotta not offend anybody in the world.", 'start': 4837.74, 'duration': 6.722}, {'end': 4845.803, 'text': "It's gotta be for everybody.", 'start': 4844.522, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 4846.823, 'text': 'which is really hard.', 'start': 4846.263, 'duration': 0.56}, {'end': 4853.066, 'text': "So same thing, you know, here in a social network, if your business model is advertising, it's going to drive you in one direction.", 'start': 4846.843, 'duration': 6.223}, {'end': 4856.748, 'text': 'If your business model is membership, I think it drives you in a different direction.', 'start': 4853.626, 'duration': 3.122}, {'end': 4864.812, 'text': "I actually and I said this to Elon about Twitter Blue, which I think wasn't rolled out well, and so forth, but it's like, hmm,", 'start': 4856.768, 'duration': 8.044}], 'summary': 'Focus on edgier, higher quality content for specific audience, not for everyone. business model determines content direction.', 'duration': 27.072, 'max_score': 4837.74, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo4837740.jpg'}, {'end': 4994.007, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4966.208, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4969.149, 'text': 'And suddenly you deal with a lot of problems.', 'start': 4966.208, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 4973.111, 'text': "Whereas at Wikipedia, there is no box that says what's on your mind.", 'start': 4969.89, 'duration': 3.221}, {'end': 4979.331, 'text': "There's a box that says this is an entry about the moon.", 'start': 4973.751, 'duration': 5.58}, {'end': 4980.112, 'text': 'please be neutral.', 'start': 4979.331, 'duration': 0.781}, {'end': 4981.033, 'text': 'please cite your facts.', 'start': 4980.112, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 4985.318, 'text': "then there's a talk page which is not coming rant about Donald Trump.", 'start': 4981.033, 'duration': 4.285}, {'end': 4991.424, 'text': 'If you go on the talk page of the Donald Trump entry and you just start ranting about Donald Trump, people would say what are you doing?', 'start': 4986.279, 'duration': 5.145}, {'end': 4992.105, 'text': 'Stop doing that.', 'start': 4991.464, 'duration': 0.641}, {'end': 4994.007, 'text': "We're not here to discuss.", 'start': 4992.305, 'duration': 1.702}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia ensures neutrality and fact-based entries through talk pages and guidelines.', 'duration': 27.799, 'max_score': 4966.208, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo4966208.jpg'}, {'end': 5075.235, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5044.223, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 5054.626, 'text': 'So how do we restore trust and how do we think about that? And does that also include trust in the idea of truth? Trust in the idea of truth.', 'start': 5044.223, 'duration': 10.403}, {'end': 5062.489, 'text': 'Even the concept of facts and truth is really, really important, and the idea of uncomfortable truths is really important.', 'start': 5055.087, 'duration': 7.402}, {'end': 5070.232, 'text': 'So when we look at Twitter, and we say, we can see, okay, this is really hard.', 'start': 5063.229, 'duration': 7.003}, {'end': 5075.235, 'text': "So here's my story about Twitter.", 'start': 5072.033, 'duration': 3.202}], 'summary': 'Restoring trust, including trust in truth, is crucial; twitter poses challenges.', 'duration': 31.012, 'max_score': 5044.223, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5044223.jpg'}, {'end': 5294.774, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5246.863, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 5248.344, 'text': 'Really horrible abuse can happen.', 'start': 5246.863, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 5255.468, 'text': "So how is that today? Well, it hasn't happened to me since Elon took over, but I don't see why it couldn't.", 'start': 5249.805, 'duration': 5.663}, {'end': 5258.59, 'text': 'And I suspect now, if I send a report and email someone,', 'start': 5255.809, 'duration': 2.781}, {'end': 5263.513, 'text': "there's no one there to email me back because he's gotten rid of a lot of the trust and safety staff.", 'start': 5258.59, 'duration': 4.923}, {'end': 5266.395, 'text': 'So I suspect that problem is still really hard.', 'start': 5263.993, 'duration': 2.402}, {'end': 5269.837, 'text': 'Just content moderation at huge scales.', 'start': 5266.795, 'duration': 3.042}, {'end': 5272.018, 'text': 'At huge scales is really something.', 'start': 5269.937, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 5274.3, 'text': "And I don't know the full answer to this.", 'start': 5272.579, 'duration': 1.721}, {'end': 5285.187, 'text': "I mean, a piece of it could be to say actually making specific allegations of crimes This isn't the place to do that.", 'start': 5274.34, 'duration': 10.847}, {'end': 5287.468, 'text': "We've got a huge database.", 'start': 5286.207, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 5293.013, 'text': "If you've got an accusation of crime, here's who you should call, the police, the FBI, whatever it is.", 'start': 5287.508, 'duration': 5.505}, {'end': 5294.774, 'text': "It's not to be done in public.", 'start': 5293.553, 'duration': 1.221}], 'summary': 'Challenges with abuse and content moderation at scale under new leadership, impacting trust and safety staff', 'duration': 47.911, 'max_score': 5246.863, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5246863.jpg'}], 'start': 3801.099, 'title': 'Media influence', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of media bias, algorithms, and social media toxicity on political discourse, emphasizing the need for fair representation, skepticism, and improved content moderation for constructive debate and trust.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3918.143, 'start': 3801.099, 'title': 'Flat earth conspiracy', 'summary': 'Discusses the significance of addressing the conspiracy theory of flat earth and the need for fair representation of meaningful opposition, with a focus on the scientific process and skepticism towards mainstream narratives.', 'duration': 117.044, 'highlights': ['The importance of fairly representing all meaningfully important sides, such as the discussion about the efficacy of masks, within Wikipedia articles.', 'The need to address meaningful opposition while refraining from including non-credible or non-serious viewpoints, like the Flat Earth theory, in articles.', 'The significance of distrust and skepticism towards mainstream narratives as a productive aspect of the scientific process, albeit being cautious about becoming overly ridiculous with it.']}, {'end': 4408.349, 'start': 3918.463, 'title': 'Media bias and political discourse', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of media bias and social media algorithms on political discourse, highlighting the prevalence of personal political bias in platforms like wikipedia and the amplification of contentious content by social media algorithms, leading to a deterioration in constructive political debate.', 'duration': 489.886, 'highlights': ['The prevalence of personal political bias in platforms like Wikipedia and the need for Silicon Valley to create unbiased platforms despite the bias of the engineers who develop them.', 'The impact of social media algorithms on political discourse, rewarding contentious and clickbait content, leading to a deterioration in constructive political debate.', 'The influence of social media algorithms in amplifying contentious content, as evidenced by the example of a crackpot racist uncle garnering more engagement and followers than a sweet grandma due to algorithmic preference for contentious content.']}, {'end': 5075.235, 'start': 4408.695, 'title': 'Addressing social media toxicity', 'summary': 'Discusses addressing toxicity on social media platforms, particularly focusing on facebook and twitter, emphasizing the impact of business models on content prioritization, proposing a moratorium on political advertising, and highlighting the difference in incentives between advertising-driven and membership-driven models. it also touches on the challenges of maintaining trust and truth on twitter.', 'duration': 666.54, 'highlights': ['The impact of business models on content prioritization is emphasized, suggesting that certain business models may lead to prioritizing content that is not long-term healthful. Certain business models can drive prioritization of content that may not be beneficial for long-term health. Recommends prioritizing higher quality, healing, and kind content over content that incites strong reactions.', 'The recommendation of implementing a moratorium on all political advertising is proposed to address the issues related to false narratives and questionable ads, suggesting that it may not be the most profitable segment and has led to deep, hard questions. Suggests implementing a moratorium on political advertising to address issues related to false narratives and questionable ads. It highlights the potential negative impact of political advertising on discourse and dialogue.', 'The difference in incentives between advertising-driven and membership-driven models is discussed, pointing out that the business model influences the direction of a social network, and the impact of revenue sources on driving different outcomes is highlighted. Discusses the difference in incentives between advertising-driven and membership-driven models, emphasizing how the business model can shape the direction of a social network. Highlights the influence of revenue sources on driving different outcomes.', 'The challenges of maintaining trust and truth on Twitter are acknowledged, particularly in the context of restoring trust in institutions and the concept of truth, emphasizing the importance of addressing uncomfortable truths. Acknowledges the challenges of maintaining trust and truth on Twitter, particularly in the context of restoring trust in institutions and the concept of truth. Emphasizes the importance of addressing uncomfortable truths.']}, {'end': 5385.61, 'start': 5075.875, 'title': 'Twitter content moderation challenges', 'summary': "Outlines instances of false accusations on twitter, the ineffective response from the platform, and the potential implications of reduced trust and safety staff under elon musk's ownership, highlighting the need for improved content moderation and the potential consequences of viral accusations.", 'duration': 309.735, 'highlights': ["The chapter highlights the ineffectiveness of Twitter's response to false accusations, such as accusations of pedophilia and rape, with the platform's trust and safety staff dismissing reports despite the serious nature of the claims.", "It emphasizes the potential implications of reduced trust and safety staff under Elon Musk's ownership, raising concerns about the continued challenges in content moderation at a large scale and the potential for unresolved issues and abuse on the platform.", 'The chapter also addresses the need for improved content moderation on Twitter, suggesting the platform should not be the space for specific allegations of crimes and highlighting the importance of directing such claims to appropriate authorities like the police or FBI.', 'The transcript discusses the potential consequences of viral accusations on Twitter, noting that humorous or witty indirect accusations can go viral and damage reputations, emphasizing the need for better moderation to prevent such harmful narratives from taking hold.']}], 'duration': 1584.511, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo3801099.jpg', 'highlights': ['The importance of fairly representing all meaningfully important sides within Wikipedia articles.', 'The impact of social media algorithms on political discourse, rewarding contentious and clickbait content.', 'The influence of social media algorithms in amplifying contentious content, leading to a deterioration in constructive political debate.', 'Recommends prioritizing higher quality, healing, and kind content over content that incites strong reactions.', 'Suggests implementing a moratorium on political advertising to address issues related to false narratives and questionable ads.', 'Discusses the difference in incentives between advertising-driven and membership-driven models, emphasizing how the business model can shape the direction of a social network.', 'Acknowledges the challenges of maintaining trust and truth on Twitter, particularly in the context of restoring trust in institutions and the concept of truth.', "The chapter highlights the ineffectiveness of Twitter's response to false accusations, such as accusations of pedophilia and rape, with the platform's trust and safety staff dismissing reports despite the serious nature of the claims.", 'Raises concerns about the continued challenges in content moderation at a large scale and the potential for unresolved issues and abuse on the platform.', 'The chapter also addresses the need for improved content moderation on Twitter, suggesting the platform should not be the space for specific allegations of crimes and highlighting the importance of directing such claims to appropriate authorities like the police or FBI.']}, {'end': 6034.433, 'segs': [{'end': 5435.729, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5399.256, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 5406.399, 'text': "actually i'm happy to respond, because a lot of people don't know that I don't work there and that I don't make millions and I'm not a billionaire.", 'start': 5399.256, 'duration': 7.143}, {'end': 5409.78, 'text': "Well, they must know that because it's in most news media about me.", 'start': 5406.419, 'duration': 3.361}, {'end': 5416.363, 'text': "But the other one I didn't respond to publicly because it's like Barbra Streisand effect.", 'start': 5410.421, 'duration': 5.942}, {'end': 5423.825, 'text': "It's like sometimes calling attention to someone who's abusing you who basically has no followers and so on is just a waste.", 'start': 5416.423, 'duration': 7.402}, {'end': 5429.307, 'text': "And everything you're describing now is just something that all of us have to kind of learn because everybody's in the public eye.", 'start': 5423.985, 'duration': 5.322}, {'end': 5435.729, 'text': 'I think when you have just two followers and you get bullied by one of the followers, it hurts just as much as when you have a large number.', 'start': 5429.507, 'duration': 6.222}], 'summary': 'Addressing misconceptions, media coverage, and the impact of online bullying on public figures.', 'duration': 36.473, 'max_score': 5399.256, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5399256.jpg'}, {'end': 5512.982, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5484.641, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5489.544, 'text': 'And he got massive abuse from Wikipedia, like calling him creepy and, you know, like really massive.', 'start': 5484.641, 'duration': 4.903}, {'end': 5493.007, 'text': 'And this was being shown to 80 million people a day.', 'start': 5490.425, 'duration': 2.582}, {'end': 5496.65, 'text': 'His picture, not the abuse, right? The abuse was elsewhere on the internet.', 'start': 5493.027, 'duration': 3.623}, {'end': 5498.871, 'text': 'And he was bothered by it.', 'start': 5497.49, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 5500.873, 'text': 'And I thought, you know what? There is a difference.', 'start': 5499.172, 'duration': 1.701}, {'end': 5502.494, 'text': 'I actually am in the public eye.', 'start': 5501.053, 'duration': 1.441}, {'end': 5505.396, 'text': 'I get huge benefits from being in the public eye.', 'start': 5503.375, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 5507.158, 'text': 'I go around and make public speeches.', 'start': 5505.837, 'duration': 1.321}, {'end': 5512.982, 'text': 'If any random thing I think of, I can write and get it published in the New York Times and have this interesting life.', 'start': 5507.218, 'duration': 5.764}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia abuse caused public figure distress, reaching 80 million viewers daily.', 'duration': 28.341, 'max_score': 5484.641, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5484641.jpg'}, {'end': 5557.636, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5527.128, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 5530.57, 'text': "if you're a teenager and somebody in your class is abusing you, it's not going to go viral.", 'start': 5527.128, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 5535.391, 'text': "So it's going to be hurtful because it's local and it's your classmates or whatever.", 'start': 5531.25, 'duration': 4.141}, {'end': 5543.194, 'text': "But when sort of ordinary people go viral in some abusive way, it's really, really quite tragic.", 'start': 5536.332, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 5546.847, 'text': "I don't know, even at a small scale, it feels viral.", 'start': 5544.025, 'duration': 2.822}, {'end': 5557.636, 'text': "When five people at your school and there's a rumor and there's this feeling like you're surrounded and the feeling of loneliness, I think,", 'start': 5547.248, 'duration': 10.388}], 'summary': 'Teenagers facing abuse, especially when it goes viral, can cause deep emotional distress and a sense of loneliness.', 'duration': 30.508, 'max_score': 5527.128, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5527128.jpg'}, {'end': 5720.536, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5691.798, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 5700.943, 'text': "But in general I do think it's you know, when you're only mechanisms on Twitter and you're a big Twitter user,", 'start': 5691.798, 'duration': 9.145}, {'end': 5704.445, 'text': "you know we know the platform and you've got plenty of followers and all of that.", 'start': 5700.943, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 5711.573, 'text': 'The only mechanisms are retweeting, replying, blocking.', 'start': 5705.265, 'duration': 6.308}, {'end': 5720.536, 'text': "It's a pretty limited scope, and it's kind of good if there's a way to elevate a specific thoughtful response.", 'start': 5713.013, 'duration': 7.523}], 'summary': "Twitter's limited mechanisms like retweeting, replying, and blocking can hinder thoughtful responses.", 'duration': 28.738, 'max_score': 5691.798, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5691798.jpg'}, {'end': 5873.409, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5851.019, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 5859.202, 'text': "we want to show you some things that we think you will disagree with, but which we have some signals that suggest it's of quality, like now,", 'start': 5851.019, 'duration': 8.183}, {'end': 5860.163, 'text': 'that sounds interesting.', 'start': 5859.202, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 5861.283, 'text': 'yeah, that sounds really.', 'start': 5860.163, 'duration': 1.12}, {'end': 5865.365, 'text': "i want to see something where you know like, oh, i don't, i don't agree with.", 'start': 5861.283, 'duration': 4.082}, {'end': 5873.409, 'text': "so. uh, larry lessig is a good friend of mine, founder of creative commons, and he's moved on to doing stuff about corruption and politics and so on.", 'start': 5865.365, 'duration': 8.044}], 'summary': 'Presentation includes provocative content, signals quality, mentions larry lessig and his work on corruption and politics.', 'duration': 22.39, 'max_score': 5851.019, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5851019.jpg'}], 'start': 5385.61, 'title': 'Managing online criticism and public attention', 'summary': "Discusses the impact of online criticism, managing public attention, and challenges faced by individuals in the public eye, with a focus on a case involving a developer's image on wikipedia. it also addresses the detrimental impact of sudden virality and abuse on ordinary individuals, the value of high-quality disagreement, and the importance of addressing online abuse and promoting thoughtful discourse.", 'chapters': [{'end': 5484.621, 'start': 5385.61, 'title': 'Managing online criticism and public attention', 'summary': "Discusses the impact of online criticism and the need to manage public attention, highlighting the challenges faced by individuals in the public eye and the relatability of these experiences to millions of others, with a particular focus on a case involving a developer's image on wikipedia.", 'duration': 99.011, 'highlights': ["The impact of online criticism and the need to manage public attention, particularly for individuals in the public eye, is discussed, highlighting the relatability of these experiences to millions of others, with a particular focus on a case involving a developer's image on Wikipedia.", 'The speaker emphasizes the relatability of dealing with online criticism and abuse, stating that the hurt caused by bullying is not dependent on the number of followers one has, resonating with the experiences of millions, especially teenagers and kids.', "The chapter also addresses the decision-making process behind responding to public criticism, with the speaker citing an example where not responding publicly was influenced by the 'Barbra Streisand effect', emphasizing the strategic considerations in managing public attention."]}, {'end': 6034.433, 'start': 5484.641, 'title': 'Challenges of virality and quality disagreement', 'summary': 'Discusses the detrimental impact of sudden virality and abuse on ordinary individuals, the need for nuanced social media interactions, and the value of high-quality disagreement, highlighting the importance of addressing online abuse and promoting thoughtful discourse.', 'duration': 549.792, 'highlights': ['The detrimental impact of sudden virality and abuse on ordinary individuals is highlighted, emphasizing the need to address online abuse. The speaker discusses the tragic and hurtful experience of ordinary people going viral in an abusive way, emphasizing the loneliness and powerlessness individuals feel when they lack a platform to defend themselves.', 'The importance of nuanced social media interactions and the need for platforms to provide thoughtful responses are emphasized. The speaker discusses the limitations of current social media mechanisms and highlights the value of community notes on Twitter in providing nuanced perspectives and changing viewpoints.', 'The value of high-quality disagreement and the desire for curated content that challenges without mocking are highlighted. The speaker expresses a preference for high-quality disagreement, suggesting the need for mechanisms to filter out lower-quality interactions and promote meaningful discourse.']}], 'duration': 648.823, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo5385610.jpg', 'highlights': ["The chapter discusses the impact of online criticism and the need to manage public attention, particularly for individuals in the public eye, with a focus on a case involving a developer's image on Wikipedia.", 'The speaker emphasizes the relatability of dealing with online criticism and abuse, stating that the hurt caused by bullying is not dependent on the number of followers one has, resonating with the experiences of millions, especially teenagers and kids.', "The chapter addresses the decision-making process behind responding to public criticism, with the speaker citing an example where not responding publicly was influenced by the 'Barbra Streisand effect', emphasizing the strategic considerations in managing public attention.", 'The detrimental impact of sudden virality and abuse on ordinary individuals is highlighted, emphasizing the need to address online abuse.', 'The importance of nuanced social media interactions and the need for platforms to provide thoughtful responses are emphasized.', 'The value of high-quality disagreement and the desire for curated content that challenges without mocking are highlighted.']}, {'end': 7284.513, 'segs': [{'end': 6115.263, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6084.217, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 6085.238, 'text': "That's the important part.", 'start': 6084.217, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 6088.461, 'text': "They're never going to agree on the topic, but they will understand.", 'start': 6085.538, 'duration': 2.923}, {'end': 6091.403, 'text': 'okay, Wikipedia is not going to take a side,', 'start': 6088.461, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 6096.208, 'text': "but Wikipedia is going to explain what the debate is about and we're going to try to characterize it fairly.", 'start': 6091.403, 'duration': 4.805}, {'end': 6102.234, 'text': "And it turns out your kind and thoughtful people, even if they're quite ideological, like a Catholic priest,", 'start': 6096.809, 'duration': 5.425}, {'end': 6104.836, 'text': 'is generally going to be quite ideological on the subject of abortion.', 'start': 6102.234, 'duration': 2.602}, {'end': 6112.722, 'text': 'But they can grapple with ideas and they can discuss, and they may feel very proud of the entry at the end of the day,', 'start': 6105.737, 'duration': 6.985}, {'end': 6115.263, 'text': "not because they suppress the other side's views,", 'start': 6112.722, 'duration': 2.541}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia aims to fairly explain debates and topics, allowing ideological individuals to discuss and contribute.', 'duration': 31.046, 'max_score': 6084.217, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo6084217.jpg'}, {'end': 6265.474, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6235.781, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 6246.686, 'text': 'And I do think, though, in a related framework that The composition of the community is really important.', 'start': 6235.781, 'duration': 10.905}, {'end': 6252.668, 'text': 'Not because Wikipedia is or should be a battleground, but because blind spots.', 'start': 6247.926, 'duration': 4.742}, {'end': 6255.309, 'text': "Like, maybe I don't even realize what's biased.", 'start': 6253.088, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 6259.511, 'text': "If I'm particularly of a certain point of view and I've never thought much about it.", 'start': 6255.549, 'duration': 3.962}, {'end': 6265.474, 'text': 'So one of the things we focus on a lot, the Wikipedia volunteers are..', 'start': 6260.111, 'duration': 5.363}], 'summary': 'Community composition is crucial for addressing blind spots and biases in wikipedia.', 'duration': 29.693, 'max_score': 6235.781, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo6235781.jpg'}, {'end': 6330.977, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6303.264, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 6306.647, 'text': 'But we do think, okay, you know what? That does lead to some problems.', 'start': 6303.264, 'duration': 3.383}, {'end': 6314.253, 'text': "It leads to some content issues simply because people write more about what they know and what they're interested in.", 'start': 6306.867, 'duration': 7.386}, {'end': 6321.443, 'text': "They'll tend to be dismissive of things as being unimportant if it's not something that they personally have an interest in.", 'start': 6316.135, 'duration': 5.308}, {'end': 6330.977, 'text': "I like the example as a parent, I would say our entries on early childhood development probably aren't as good as they should be.", 'start': 6321.463, 'duration': 9.514}], 'summary': 'Content issues arise when writers focus on personal interests, leading to dismissiveness and lack of comprehensive coverage.', 'duration': 27.713, 'max_score': 6303.264, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo6303264.jpg'}, {'end': 6484.61, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6458.769, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 6468.793, 'text': "And there's tribes in general where I think there's a responsibility on the larger group to be even kinder and more welcoming to the smaller group.", 'start': 6458.769, 'duration': 10.024}, {'end': 6470.214, 'text': "Yeah, we think that's really important.", 'start': 6468.833, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 6474.656, 'text': "And so, you know, oftentimes people come in and, you know, there's a lot..", 'start': 6470.914, 'duration': 3.742}, {'end': 6484.61, 'text': 'When I talk about community health, one of the aspects of that that we do think about a lot, that I think about a lot, is not about politics.', 'start': 6475.922, 'duration': 8.688}], 'summary': 'Promote kindness and inclusivity in tribal communities for better cohesion.', 'duration': 25.841, 'max_score': 6458.769, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo6458769.jpg'}, {'end': 6767.268, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6741.325, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 6747.31, 'text': 'So we have dinner and it just turned out, I sat down at the table with most of the members of the English language arbitration committee.', 'start': 6741.325, 'duration': 5.985}, {'end': 6750.733, 'text': "And they're a bunch of very sweet, geeky Wikipedians.", 'start': 6747.61, 'duration': 3.123}, {'end': 6758.399, 'text': "And as we left the table, I said to her, it's really like, I still find this kind of sense of amazement.", 'start': 6751.353, 'duration': 7.046}, {'end': 6763.143, 'text': 'Like, we just had dinner with some of the most powerful people in English language media.', 'start': 6759.059, 'duration': 4.084}, {'end': 6767.268, 'text': "Because they're the people who are like the final court of appeal in English Wikipedia.", 'start': 6763.683, 'duration': 3.585}], 'summary': 'Dinner with english language arbitration committee, powerful figures in english wikipedia', 'duration': 25.943, 'max_score': 6741.325, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo6741325.jpg'}, {'end': 7048.756, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7021.354, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 7024.977, 'text': 'And, just in general, the philosophy of the business model, Wikipedia.', 'start': 7021.354, 'duration': 3.623}, {'end': 7026.238, 'text': 'what went behind that??', 'start': 7024.977, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 7030.822, 'text': "Yeah, so I think most people know this, but we're a charity.", 'start': 7026.418, 'duration': 4.404}, {'end': 7038.988, 'text': "So in the US, registered as a charity, and we don't have any ads on the site.", 'start': 7031.082, 'duration': 7.906}, {'end': 7046.434, 'text': 'And the vast majority of the money is from donations, but the vast majority from small donors.', 'start': 7039.308, 'duration': 7.126}, {'end': 7048.756, 'text': 'So people giving 25 bucks or whatever.', 'start': 7046.654, 'duration': 2.102}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia is a charity with no ads, relying on small donor donations for the majority of its funding.', 'duration': 27.402, 'max_score': 7021.354, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7021354.jpg'}], 'start': 6034.853, 'title': "Wikipedia's impact and values", 'summary': "Emphasizes the importance of kindness and thoughtfulness in debates, the need for a diverse and self-aware wikipedia community, the positive impact of geeks' contributions to society, and wikipedia's ad-free business model, relying on donations and community control.", 'chapters': [{'end': 6141.522, 'start': 6034.853, 'title': 'Kindness and thoughtfulness in debates', 'summary': "Highlights the importance of kindness and thoughtfulness in debates, using the example of wikipedia's approach to controversial topics, emphasizing the value of fostering understanding and respectful discourse.", 'duration': 106.669, 'highlights': ['Wikipedia prioritizes the participation of kind and thoughtful individuals in debates, regardless of their political leanings, to facilitate meaningful discussions and fair characterizations of topics.', "The example of Wikipedia's article on abortion demonstrates the value of having kind and thoughtful individuals from different ideological backgrounds collaborate to present a fair and comprehensive overview of contentious issues.", 'Encouraging society to engage in thoughtful grappling with ideas is emphasized as a crucial aspect for fostering productive and respectful discourse.']}, {'end': 6675.457, 'start': 6141.963, 'title': 'Wikipedia community dynamics', 'summary': 'Highlights the importance of diverse and self-aware wikipedia community to ensure broad and empathetic representation, with a focus on the need for diverse perspectives and kindness towards newcomers.', 'duration': 533.494, 'highlights': ['The composition of the Wikipedia community, with 80% plus male demographic, leads to content issues and biases, impacting coverage on various topics. 80% plus male demographic, bias in content coverage.', 'The lack of diversity in the community results in biased coverage and dismissive attitudes towards topics that do not align with the interests of the majority. Biased coverage, dismissive attitudes towards certain topics.', 'The importance of kindness and open-mindedness towards newcomers, with the emphasis on guiding and nurturing rather than dismissing or blocking, to foster a healthy community. Importance of kindness towards newcomers, nurturing a healthy community.', 'The impact of diverse perspectives on content coverage, with the absence of certain demographics leading to biased representation and coverage of topics. Impact of diverse perspectives on content coverage, biased representation.']}, {'end': 6979.806, 'start': 6675.857, 'title': 'Geek contributions to human progress', 'summary': "Highlights the positive impact of geeks' contributions to society, such as the english language arbitration committee on wikipedia and the individual who manages the official time zone file, showcasing the positive influence of geeks on human civilization.", 'duration': 303.949, 'highlights': ['The English language arbitration committee on Wikipedia, a group of geeks, serves as the final court of appeal and showcases the positive influence of geeks on human civilization. English language arbitration committee', 'The individual who manages the official time zone file for Unix-based computers demonstrates the positive impact of geeks on society and human progress. Official time zone file', 'An individual running a bot on English Wikipedia created a database of commonly misspelled words and contextually checked for corrections, representing the innovative contributions of geeks to technology and language accuracy. Bot for spell checking on English Wikipedia']}, {'end': 7284.513, 'start': 6979.806, 'title': "Wikipedia's ad-free business model", 'summary': "Discusses wikipedia's decision to remain ad-free, being a charity registered in the us, relying on donations, with millions of small donors and the business philosophy behind it, emphasizing on community control, neutrality, and trust-building.", 'duration': 304.707, 'highlights': ["Wikipedia's business model is based on donations, with millions of small donors giving around 25 bucks or less, emphasizing community control and neutrality. The majority of Wikipedia's funding comes from small donors, with millions of donors every year giving around 25 dollars or less, reflecting the emphasis on community control and neutrality.", 'The decision to not have ads on Wikipedia was driven by aesthetic reasons, trust-building, and the avoidance of potential influence from advertisers on content. The decision to remain ad-free on Wikipedia was influenced by aesthetic reasons, trust-building, and the avoidance of potential influence from advertisers on the content, aiming to maintain neutrality and community trust.', 'The initial donation campaign in 2003 resulted in server crashes, reflecting the challenges and uncertainties in relying solely on donations for funding. The initial donation campaign in 2003 resulted in server crashes, reflecting the challenges and uncertainties in relying solely on donations for funding, highlighting the potential risks associated with this business model.']}], 'duration': 1249.66, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo6034853.jpg', 'highlights': ['Wikipedia prioritizes participation of kind and thoughtful individuals in debates for meaningful discussions.', 'The lack of diversity in the Wikipedia community results in biased coverage and dismissive attitudes towards certain topics.', 'The importance of kindness and open-mindedness towards newcomers to foster a healthy community.', 'The impact of diverse perspectives on content coverage leads to biased representation and coverage of topics.', 'The English language arbitration committee on Wikipedia showcases the positive influence of geeks on human civilization.', "Wikipedia's business model is based on donations, emphasizing community control and neutrality."]}, {'end': 9115.138, 'segs': [{'end': 7313.543, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7284.853, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 7287.935, 'text': "And then the site was really slow and it wasn't working very well.", 'start': 7284.853, 'duration': 3.082}, {'end': 7289.316, 'text': "And I was like, okay, it's time.", 'start': 7288.215, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 7290.717, 'text': 'We need to do a fundraiser.', 'start': 7289.376, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 7300.84, 'text': "And so I was hoping to raise $20,000 in a month's time, but we raised nearly $30,000 within two, three weeks' time.", 'start': 7291.457, 'duration': 9.383}, {'end': 7306.461, 'text': 'So that was the first proof point of like, oh, we put a banner up and people will donate.', 'start': 7301.42, 'duration': 5.041}, {'end': 7309.342, 'text': 'We just explain we need the money and people are like already.', 'start': 7306.481, 'duration': 2.861}, {'end': 7313.543, 'text': 'we were very small back then and people were like oh yeah, I love this, I want to contribute.', 'start': 7309.342, 'duration': 4.201}], 'summary': 'Raised nearly $30,000 in 2-3 weeks for fundraiser due to site issues.', 'duration': 28.69, 'max_score': 7284.853, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7284853.jpg'}, {'end': 7383.872, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7362.494, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 7371.982, 'text': 'but the pitch that works better than any other in general is a fairness pitch of like you use it all the time, you should probably chip in.', 'start': 7362.494, 'duration': 9.488}, {'end': 7375.965, 'text': 'And most people are like, yeah, you know what? My life would suck without Wikipedia.', 'start': 7372.342, 'duration': 3.623}, {'end': 7379.027, 'text': 'I use it constantly and whatever, I should chip in.', 'start': 7376.005, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 7380.669, 'text': 'Like, it just seems like the right thing to do.', 'start': 7379.168, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 7383.872, 'text': "And that, and there's many variants on that.", 'start': 7381.169, 'duration': 2.703}], 'summary': 'A fairness pitch for contributing to wikipedia works well, as most people use it constantly and should chip in.', 'duration': 21.378, 'max_score': 7362.494, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7362494.jpg'}, {'end': 7445.689, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7422.387, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 7430.212, 'text': 'we also have major donors, right, we have high net worth, people who donate, but we always are very careful about that sort of thing to say, wow,', 'start': 7422.387, 'duration': 7.825}, {'end': 7439.809, 'text': "that's really great and really important, But we can't let that become influence, because that would just be really quite yeah,", 'start': 7430.212, 'duration': 9.597}, {'end': 7440.631, 'text': 'not good for Wikipedia.', 'start': 7439.809, 'duration': 0.822}, {'end': 7445.689, 'text': "i would love to know how many times i've visited wikipedia, how much time i've spent on it,", 'start': 7441.007, 'duration': 4.682}], 'summary': 'Careful with major donors to avoid influence; interest in personal wikipedia usage data.', 'duration': 23.302, 'max_score': 7422.387, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7422387.jpg'}, {'end': 7484.543, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7463.238, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 7473.069, 'text': 'yeah, i think i would be much more like yeah, why did i waste money on site xyz when i could be like i should be giving a lot of yeah here.', 'start': 7463.238, 'duration': 9.831}, {'end': 7480.599, 'text': "well, um, you know, the guardian newspaper has a similar model, which is they have ads but they also there's no paywall,", 'start': 7473.069, 'duration': 7.53}, {'end': 7484.543, 'text': 'but they just encourage people to donate, um, and they do that like.', 'start': 7480.599, 'duration': 3.944}], 'summary': "Comparison between site xyz and the guardian newspaper's donation-based model for making money.", 'duration': 21.305, 'max_score': 7463.238, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7463238.jpg'}, {'end': 7536.325, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7506.388, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 7509.45, 'text': "I guess that's the thing I could also turn on, because that would make me happy.", 'start': 7506.388, 'duration': 3.062}, {'end': 7510.47, 'text': 'I feel like, legitimately.', 'start': 7509.47, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 7515.073, 'text': "there's some sites, and this speaks to our social media discussion.", 'start': 7510.47, 'duration': 4.603}, {'end': 7520.636, 'text': 'Wikipedia unquestionably makes me feel better about myself if I spend time on it.', 'start': 7515.073, 'duration': 5.563}, {'end': 7526.599, 'text': "There's some websites where I'm like, if I spend time on Twitter, sometimes I'm like, I regret.", 'start': 7521.336, 'duration': 5.263}, {'end': 7530.702, 'text': 'I think Elon talks about this, minimize the number of regretted minutes.', 'start': 7527.72, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 7536.325, 'text': 'My number of regretted minutes on Wikipedia is like zero.', 'start': 7531.962, 'duration': 4.363}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia boosts self-esteem, unlike twitter. aim for zero regretted minutes like elon.', 'duration': 29.937, 'max_score': 7506.388, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7506388.jpg'}, {'end': 7720.626, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7695.822, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 7705.666, 'text': 'Does it make you sad that people might use increasingly use ChatGPT for something where they would previously use Wikipedia?', 'start': 7695.822, 'duration': 9.844}, {'end': 7711.409, 'text': 'So basically, use it to answer basic questions about the Eiffel Tower.', 'start': 7705.686, 'duration': 5.723}, {'end': 7716.904, 'text': 'yeah, and where the answer really comes at the source of it from wikipedia.', 'start': 7712.321, 'duration': 4.583}, {'end': 7718.785, 'text': "but they're using this as an interface.", 'start': 7716.904, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 7720.626, 'text': "yeah, no, no, that's completely fine.", 'start': 7718.785, 'duration': 1.841}], 'summary': 'Chatgpt may be used for basic questions like eiffel tower facts, sourced from wikipedia.', 'duration': 24.804, 'max_score': 7695.822, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7695822.jpg'}, {'end': 8092.278, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8062.802, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 8070.547, 'text': "Like, go and read any Wikipedia entry on a controversial topic, and what you'll see is a really diligent effort to explain all the relevant sides.", 'start': 8062.802, 'duration': 7.745}, {'end': 8072.248, 'text': 'So, yeah, just disagree.', 'start': 8070.787, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 8076.551, 'text': 'So, on controversial questions, you think perspectives are generally represented? Yeah.', 'start': 8072.368, 'duration': 4.183}, {'end': 8083.276, 'text': 'Because it has to do with kind of the tension between the mainstream and the non-mainstream that we were talking about.', 'start': 8076.571, 'duration': 6.705}, {'end': 8085.051, 'text': 'Yeah, no, I mean, for sure.', 'start': 8083.55, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 8092.278, 'text': 'Like to take this area of discussion seriously.', 'start': 8086.213, 'duration': 6.065}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia entries aim to represent diverse perspectives on controversial topics, acknowledging tension between mainstream and non-mainstream views.', 'duration': 29.476, 'max_score': 8062.802, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo8062802.jpg'}, {'end': 8538.452, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8512.929, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 8517.773, 'text': "We've never bowed down to government pressure anywhere in the world, and we never will.", 'start': 8512.929, 'duration': 4.844}, {'end': 8526.801, 'text': "And we understand that we're hardcore and actually there is a bit of nuance about how different companies respond to this,", 'start': 8519.515, 'duration': 7.286}, {'end': 8529.903, 'text': 'but our response has always been just to say no.', 'start': 8526.801, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 8534.007, 'text': "And if they threaten to block well knock yourself out, you're gonna lose Wikipedia.", 'start': 8530.404, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 8538.452, 'text': "And that's been very successful for us as a strategy,", 'start': 8534.467, 'duration': 3.985}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia has never bowed down to government pressure, and their strategy of saying no has been successful.', 'duration': 25.523, 'max_score': 8512.929, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo8512929.jpg'}, {'end': 8627.319, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8595.925, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 8599.567, 'text': "And I said I actually reached out to staff and said can you just make sure I've got my facts right?", 'start': 8595.925, 'duration': 3.642}, {'end': 8610.631, 'text': 'And the answer is we received zero requests of any kind from the FBI or any of the other government agencies for any changes to content in Wikipedia.', 'start': 8600.267, 'duration': 10.364}, {'end': 8615.653, 'text': 'And had we received those requests at the level of the Wikimedia Foundation, we would have said..', 'start': 8611.351, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 8620.135, 'text': "It's not our, like we can't do anything because Wikipedia is written by the community.", 'start': 8616.533, 'duration': 3.602}, {'end': 8627.319, 'text': "And so the Wikimedia Foundation can't change the content of Wikipedia without causing, I mean, God, that would be a massive controversy.", 'start': 8621.076, 'duration': 6.243}], 'summary': 'Wikimedia foundation received zero requests from fbi or other agencies for wikipedia content changes.', 'duration': 31.394, 'max_score': 8595.925, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo8595925.jpg'}, {'end': 9021.251, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8993.112, 'weight': 9, 'content': [{'end': 8996.794, 'text': "that where I personally know there's a lot of incredible scientists doing incredible work.", 'start': 8993.112, 'duration': 3.682}, {'end': 9002.959, 'text': "And I have to blame the leaders for the effects on the distrust in the scientific work that they're doing,", 'start': 8997.455, 'duration': 5.504}, {'end': 9013.206, 'text': 'because of what I perceive as basic human flaws of communication, of arrogance, of ego, of politics, all those kinds of things.', 'start': 9002.959, 'duration': 10.247}, {'end': 9021.251, 'text': "Now you could say you're being too harsh, but I think that's the whole point of free speech is you can criticize the people who lead.", 'start': 9013.266, 'duration': 7.985}], 'summary': "Leaders' communication flaws cause distrust in science, impacting incredible scientists.", 'duration': 28.139, 'max_score': 8993.112, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo8993112.jpg'}], 'start': 7284.853, 'title': "Wikipedia's impact and future", 'summary': "Discusses wikipedia's fundraising strategy, impact on knowledge, future with ai, controversies, and editorial processes, including insights on government interactions and resistance to censorship.", 'chapters': [{'end': 7505.83, 'start': 7284.853, 'title': 'Wikipedia fundraising strategy insights', 'summary': "Discusses the success of a fundraising campaign, highlighting the effectiveness of a fairness pitch and the importance of small donors for wikipedia, as well as the challenges of relying on major donors and the comparison with the guardian's donation model.", 'duration': 220.977, 'highlights': ["The success of the fundraising campaign, raising nearly $30,000 within two to three weeks' time instead of the initial goal of $20,000 in a month. The fundraiser exceeded the initial goal by raising nearly $30,000 within two to three weeks, showcasing the effectiveness of the campaign.", "The effectiveness of the fairness pitch and the importance of small donors for Wikipedia's funding. The fairness pitch, emphasizing that frequent use of Wikipedia warrants contributing, proved to be more effective than other pitches, highlighting the importance of small donors for Wikipedia's funding.", "The challenges of relying on major donors and the need to prevent their influence on Wikipedia's operations. The chapter emphasizes the need to be cautious about the influence of major donors, as it could potentially impact Wikipedia's operations negatively.", "Comparison with The Guardian's donation model, which encourages readers to donate without implementing a paywall. A comparison is drawn with The Guardian's donation model, which encourages readers to donate without implementing a paywall, highlighting different approaches to funding for online platforms."]}, {'end': 7741.101, 'start': 7506.388, 'title': 'Impact of wikipedia and stack overflow on knowledge', 'summary': 'Discusses the positive impact of spending time on wikipedia, the challenges of ad-driven websites, the use of chatgpt as a programming aid, and the evolving policies around the use of ai-generated content on platforms like stack overflow.', 'duration': 234.713, 'highlights': ['Wikipedia has a positive impact on self-esteem and provides high-quality knowledge with minimal regretted minutes, unlike ad-driven websites like Twitter.', 'ChatGPT is being increasingly used as a programming aid, offering clear explanations and better usability compared to sifting through threads on platforms like Stack Overflow.', 'There are evolving policies and tensions around the use of AI-generated content on platforms like Stack Overflow, as the community grapples with issues of responsibility and accuracy.', 'The chapter also delves into the ethical considerations of using AI-generated content, acknowledging the potential impact on traditional knowledge-sharing platforms like Wikipedia and Stack Overflow.']}, {'end': 7958.591, 'start': 7741.882, 'title': "Wikipedia's future with ai", 'summary': "Discusses the impact of ai, like alexa's use of wikipedia, and the potential of chatgpt in enhancing search experience on wikipedia, as well as the importance of grounding and proper link attribution in maintaining wikipedia's traffic and recognition.", 'duration': 216.709, 'highlights': ['The potential of ChatGPT in enhancing search experience on Wikipedia, providing specific answers and links to related articles, is highlighted.', "The impact of AI, such as Alexa's use of Wikipedia, on donations and traffic to Wikipedia is discussed, with the expectation of maintaining recognition and traffic through grounding and proper link attribution.", "The importance of grounding and proper link attribution in maintaining Wikipedia's traffic and recognition is emphasized, particularly in comparison to journalist websites with potential wrong incentives.", "The use of OpenAI's API to create a demo for querying Wikipedia entries and extracting specific answers is mentioned, showcasing the potential of new technology in leveraging Wikipedia's knowledge base."]}, {'end': 8243.202, 'start': 7959.151, 'title': "Wikipedia's controversies and editorial processes", 'summary': "Discusses wikipedia's editorial processes, controversies, and the importance of representing diverse perspectives, addressing the accusation of bias and the need for contextual and case-by-case decision-making.", 'duration': 284.051, 'highlights': ["The importance of representing diverse perspectives is emphasized, with a focus on grappling with minority viewpoints in science and politics, showcasing Wikipedia's diligent effort to explain all relevant sides.", "The chapter addresses the accusation of bias, highlighting the need for contextual and case-by-case decision-making in Wikipedia's editorial processes, emphasizing openness to correction and change.", 'The controversy surrounding the accusation of Wikipedia changing the definition of recession is discussed, with an emphasis on the need to thoroughly investigate and rectify such accusations to maintain credibility and accuracy.', "The discussion of Larry Sanger's early work in Wikipedia and the portrayal of controversies in the media is mentioned, with an emphasis on the importance of acknowledging contributions and avoiding sensationalism in falling-out stories."]}, {'end': 8574.51, 'start': 8243.923, 'title': "Wikipedia's definition of recession", 'summary': "Discusses the editorial debates on wikipedia, highlighting the changes in the definition of recession, the deletion of an article, and the platform's resistance to government pressure and censorship.", 'duration': 330.587, 'highlights': ['The article underwent a minor restructuring, moving the definition of recession from the lead to further down, triggering news stories and a rush of trolls.', "An article, 'The Twitter Files', faced a deletion nomination, which was quickly closed as having 'no chance in hell' of passing, sparking misconceptions of leftist suppression.", 'Wikipedia has a balanced representation of perspectives and resists government pressure and censorship, not bowing down to any government threats and maintaining a hardcore stance.', "Wikipedia's response to government pressure has been successful, with the platform refusing to comply and risking being blocked, unlike other companies that have caved in immediately.", "The platform's approach takes into account the physical risk to staff members in certain countries when resisting government pressure."]}, {'end': 9115.138, 'start': 8575.945, 'title': "Wikipedia's approach to government interactions", 'summary': "Highlights wikipedia's stance on government requests, emphasizing zero fbi requests, dialogues with governments, and the importance of accurate information. it also discusses criticism of public organizations and leaders, like anthony fauci, for their communication and trust impact on scientific work.", 'duration': 539.193, 'highlights': ['Wikipedia received zero requests from the FBI or any government agency for content changes, emphasizing its commitment to community-driven content.', 'The Wikimedia Foundation engages in dialogues with governments worldwide to maintain accurate information and prevent being blocked, particularly in countries with potential censorship.', 'The chapter discusses the loss of public trust in organizations and leaders due to overblown claims and lack of transparent communication during the pandemic, highlighting the impact on scientific work and public perception.', 'The transcript provides insights into the criticism of public organizations and leaders, such as Anthony Fauci, for their communication and trust impact on scientific work, emphasizing the responsibility of leaders in shaping public trust and perception of scientific efforts.']}], 'duration': 1830.285, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo7284853.jpg', 'highlights': ['The fundraiser exceeded the initial goal by raising nearly $30,000 within two to three weeks, showcasing the effectiveness of the campaign.', "The fairness pitch, emphasizing that frequent use of Wikipedia warrants contributing, proved to be more effective than other pitches, highlighting the importance of small donors for Wikipedia's funding.", "The challenges of relying on major donors and the need to prevent their influence on Wikipedia's operations.", "Comparison with The Guardian's donation model, which encourages readers to donate without implementing a paywall, highlighting different approaches to funding for online platforms.", 'Wikipedia has a positive impact on self-esteem and provides high-quality knowledge with minimal regretted minutes, unlike ad-driven websites like Twitter.', 'The potential of ChatGPT in enhancing search experience on Wikipedia, providing specific answers and links to related articles is highlighted.', "The importance of representing diverse perspectives is emphasized, with a focus on grappling with minority viewpoints in science and politics, showcasing Wikipedia's diligent effort to explain all relevant sides.", 'Wikipedia has a balanced representation of perspectives and resists government pressure and censorship, not bowing down to any government threats and maintaining a hardcore stance.', 'Wikipedia received zero requests from the FBI or any government agency for content changes, emphasizing its commitment to community-driven content.', 'The chapter discusses the loss of public trust in organizations and leaders due to overblown claims and lack of transparent communication during the pandemic, highlighting the impact on scientific work and public perception.']}, {'end': 9806.471, 'segs': [{'end': 9161.7, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9133.716, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 9143.266, 'text': 'I think this is where the Wikipedia neutral point of view is and should be an ideal, and obviously every article and everything we could.', 'start': 9133.716, 'duration': 9.55}, {'end': 9149.771, 'text': "you know me now and you know how I am about these things, but like ideally, it's to say look, We're happy to show you all the perspectives.", 'start': 9143.266, 'duration': 6.505}, {'end': 9153.914, 'text': "This is Planned Parenthood's view and this is Catholic Church view,", 'start': 9149.791, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 9161.7, 'text': "and we're going to explain that and we're going to try to be thoughtful and put in the best arguments from all sides, because I trust you.", 'start': 9153.914, 'duration': 7.786}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia aims for neutrality, presenting various perspectives, including planned parenthood and catholic church views.', 'duration': 27.984, 'max_score': 9133.716, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9133716.jpg'}, {'end': 9194.225, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9172.042, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 9180.99, 'text': 'When we found out in the UK that very high level government officials were not following the rules they had put on everyone else I moved from.', 'start': 9172.042, 'duration': 8.948}, {'end': 9184.753, 'text': 'I had just become a UK citizen just a little while before the pandemic.', 'start': 9180.99, 'duration': 3.763}, {'end': 9186.875, 'text': "And you know, it's kind of emotional.", 'start': 9185.434, 'duration': 1.441}, {'end': 9189.258, 'text': 'Like you get a passport in a new country and you feel quite good.', 'start': 9186.895, 'duration': 2.363}, {'end': 9194.225, 'text': 'And I did my oath to the queen and then they, drag the poor old lady out to tell us all to be good.', 'start': 9189.278, 'duration': 4.947}], 'summary': 'Uk citizen feels emotional after government officials break rules', 'duration': 22.183, 'max_score': 9172.042, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9172042.jpg'}, {'end': 9272.767, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9245.746, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 9250.574, 'text': 'Yeah And the loss of trust, I think, at scale was probably harmful to science.', 'start': 9245.746, 'duration': 4.828}, {'end': 9259.159, 'text': 'And to me the scientific method and the scientific community is one of the biggest hopes, at least to me,', 'start': 9250.834, 'duration': 8.325}, {'end': 9262.32, 'text': 'for the survival and the thriving of human civilization.', 'start': 9259.159, 'duration': 3.161}, {'end': 9267.523, 'text': 'Absolutely And I think you see some of the ramifications of this.', 'start': 9262.661, 'duration': 4.862}, {'end': 9272.767, 'text': "There's always been pretty anti-science, anti-vax people.", 'start': 9268.184, 'duration': 4.583}], 'summary': 'Loss of trust in science harmful at scale, impacts anti-science sentiments.', 'duration': 27.021, 'max_score': 9245.746, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9245746.jpg'}, {'end': 9321.827, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9293.939, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 9300.295, 'text': "And you know, There's also a whole range of discourse around.", 'start': 9293.939, 'duration': 6.356}, {'end': 9310.802, 'text': "if this were a disease that was primarily killing babies, I think people's emotions about it would have been very different, right or wrong?", 'start': 9300.295, 'duration': 10.507}, {'end': 9321.827, 'text': "then the fact that when you really looked at the the sort of death rate of getting covered, wow, it's really dramatically different.", 'start': 9311.923, 'duration': 9.904}], 'summary': 'Public perceptions of covid-19 impacted by demographics and death rates.', 'duration': 27.888, 'max_score': 9293.939, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9293939.jpg'}, {'end': 9399.963, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9371.385, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 9375.05, 'text': "Our target became getting the Hitler article to be Wiki's featured article.", 'start': 9371.385, 'duration': 3.665}, {'end': 9382.394, 'text': 'The idea was that the voting body only wanted articles that were good PR and especially articles about socially liberal topics.', 'start': 9375.69, 'duration': 6.704}, {'end': 9389.237, 'text': 'So the Hitler article had to be two to three times better and more academically researched to beat the competition.', 'start': 9383.114, 'duration': 6.123}, {'end': 9391.178, 'text': 'This bias seems to hold today.', 'start': 9389.697, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 9399.963, 'text': 'For example, the current list of political featured articles at a glance seems to have only two books, one on anarchism and one on Karl Marx.', 'start': 9391.458, 'duration': 8.505}], 'summary': "To make the hitler article wiki's featured article, it needed to be 2-3 times better and more academically researched due to bias favoring socially liberal topics.", 'duration': 28.578, 'max_score': 9371.385, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9371385.jpg'}, {'end': 9781.208, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9753.652, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 9760.155, 'text': "You're not trying to be funny, but occasionally a little inside humor can be quite healthy.", 'start': 9753.652, 'duration': 6.503}, {'end': 9763.076, 'text': 'Apparently words with the letter K are funny.', 'start': 9760.555, 'duration': 2.521}, {'end': 9766.318, 'text': "There's a lot of really well-researched stuff on this page.", 'start': 9763.596, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 9769.26, 'text': "It's actually exciting.", 'start': 9766.758, 'duration': 2.502}, {'end': 9776.445, 'text': "And I should mention for the depth of the Wikipedia, it's run by Annie Rawurda.", 'start': 9769.54, 'duration': 6.905}, {'end': 9777.465, 'text': "That's right, Annie.", 'start': 9776.625, 'duration': 0.84}, {'end': 9781.208, 'text': 'And let me just read off some of the pages.', 'start': 9777.826, 'duration': 3.382}], 'summary': 'Occasional inside humor is healthy. words with k are funny. wikipedia is run by annie rawurda.', 'duration': 27.556, 'max_score': 9753.652, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9753652.jpg'}], 'start': 9115.178, 'title': 'Trust and decision-making in uncertain times and challenges in science', 'summary': 'Discusses erosion of public trust during the pandemic, advocates diverse perspectives for informed decisions, impact of trust loss on science, rise of anti-science sentiment, need for proper contextualization of scientific information, and bias in wikipedia featured articles, including the example of the hitler article.', 'chapters': [{'end': 9245.026, 'start': 9115.178, 'title': 'Trust and decision-making in uncertain times', 'summary': 'Discusses the erosion of public trust due to inconsistencies in following rules during the pandemic, and advocates for presenting diverse perspectives to empower individuals in making informed decisions.', 'duration': 129.848, 'highlights': ['The erosion of public trust due to inconsistencies in following rules during the pandemic The speaker discusses the impact of high-level government officials not following rules, leading to personal disillusionment and a shift in attitude towards rule-following.', "Advocating for presenting diverse perspectives to empower individuals in making informed decisions The speaker emphasizes the importance of presenting all perspectives, such as Planned Parenthood's and the Catholic Church's views, to educate individuals and enable them to make thoughtful decisions.", "Advocacy for the Wikipedia neutral point of view as an ideal for presenting information The speaker advocates for the Wikipedia neutral point of view, aiming to provide all perspectives and present the best arguments from all sides to build trust in the public's ability to make educated decisions."]}, {'end': 9806.471, 'start': 9245.746, 'title': 'Challenges in science and wikipedia bias', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of trust loss on science, the rise of anti-science sentiment, the need for proper contextualization of scientific information, and the bias in wikipedia featured articles, including the example of the hitler article.', 'duration': 560.725, 'highlights': ['The loss of trust in science has led to a rise in anti-science sentiment, making it difficult for people to openly discuss scientific topics, including vaccination. The lowering of trust in science has resulted in a larger anti-science movement, making it challenging for people to openly discuss scientific topics like vaccination.', 'Proper contextualization of scientific information is necessary, as the emotional response to diseases varies based on demographics, and public communication should address this. The emotional response to diseases varies based on demographics, and public communication should properly contextualize scientific information to address this.', "The bias in Wikipedia featured articles is discussed, with an example of the efforts to make the Hitler article Wiki's featured article and the lack of diversity in featured political topics. The bias in Wikipedia featured articles is highlighted, including the efforts to make the Hitler article Wiki's featured article and the lack of diversity in featured political topics."]}], 'duration': 691.293, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9115178.jpg', 'highlights': ['The erosion of public trust due to inconsistencies in following rules during the pandemic', 'The loss of trust in science has led to a rise in anti-science sentiment, making it difficult for people to openly discuss scientific topics, including vaccination.', 'Advocating for presenting diverse perspectives to empower individuals in making informed decisions', 'Advocacy for the Wikipedia neutral point of view as an ideal for presenting information', 'Proper contextualization of scientific information is necessary, as the emotional response to diseases varies based on demographics, and public communication should address this.', "The bias in Wikipedia featured articles is discussed, with an example of the efforts to make the Hitler article Wiki's featured article and the lack of diversity in featured political topics."]}, {'end': 10722.007, 'segs': [{'end': 9928.497, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9901.89, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 9911.824, 'text': 'I mean there were hard moments like when two out of three servers crashed on Christmas Day and then we needed to do a fundraiser and no idea what was going to happen.', 'start': 9901.89, 'duration': 9.934}, {'end': 9925.035, 'text': 'I would say as well, the Like, in that early period of time, the growth of the website and the traffic to the website was phenomenal and great.', 'start': 9913.166, 'duration': 11.869}, {'end': 9928.497, 'text': 'The growth of the community and, in fact, the healthy growth of the community was fine.', 'start': 9925.075, 'duration': 3.422}], 'summary': 'Despite challenges, the website saw phenomenal growth in traffic and community.', 'duration': 26.607, 'max_score': 9901.89, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9901890.jpg'}, {'end': 10022.602, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9989.591, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 9990.872, 'text': "Yeah, I think that's exactly right.", 'start': 9989.591, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 10003.44, 'text': "And at Fandom, my for-profit wiki company, where it's like all these communities about pop culture mainly, sort of entertainment, gaming, and so on.", 'start': 9990.952, 'duration': 12.488}, {'end': 10006.003, 'text': "There's a lot of small communities.", 'start': 10003.881, 'duration': 2.122}, {'end': 10012.612, 'text': 'And so I went last year to our Community Connect conference and just met some of these people and, like you know,', 'start': 10006.464, 'duration': 6.148}, {'end': 10017.599, 'text': "here's one of the leaders of the Star Wars wiki, which is called Wookieepedia, which I think is great.", 'start': 10012.612, 'duration': 4.987}, {'end': 10022.602, 'text': "And, you know, he's telling me about his community and all that, and I'm like, oh, right.", 'start': 10018.58, 'duration': 4.022}], 'summary': 'Fandom has numerous small communities, including the star wars wiki wookieepedia, discussed at the community connect conference.', 'duration': 33.011, 'max_score': 9989.591, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9989591.jpg'}, {'end': 10309.613, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10270.116, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 10272.378, 'text': 'So every year we build our reserves.', 'start': 10270.116, 'duration': 2.262}, {'end': 10274.979, 'text': 'Every year we put aside a little bit more money.', 'start': 10273.018, 'duration': 1.961}, {'end': 10278.861, 'text': 'We also have the endowment fund, which we just passed 100 million.', 'start': 10275.459, 'duration': 3.402}, {'end': 10280.442, 'text': "That's a completely separate fund.", 'start': 10278.921, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 10288.045, 'text': "with a separate board so that it's not just like a big fat bank account for some future profligate CEO to blow through.", 'start': 10281.602, 'duration': 6.443}, {'end': 10293.827, 'text': 'The foundation will have to get the approval of a second order board to be able to access that money.', 'start': 10288.085, 'duration': 5.742}, {'end': 10297.389, 'text': 'And that board can make other grants through the community and things like that.', 'start': 10294.287, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 10309.613, 'text': "So the point of all, that is, I hope and believe that we're building in a financially stable way, that we can weather various storms along the way,", 'start': 10298.567, 'duration': 11.046}], 'summary': 'Annual reserves increased; endowment fund surpassed $100 million; separate board for access and grants; aims for financial stability', 'duration': 39.497, 'max_score': 10270.116, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo10270116.jpg'}, {'end': 10562.418, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10537.931, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 10547.834, 'text': "And if you show me a photo and you say, yeah, this photo is from Fox News, even though I don't necessarily think that's the highest,", 'start': 10537.931, 'duration': 9.903}, {'end': 10554.195, 'text': "but I'm like well, it's a news organization and they're going to have journalists and they're going to make sure the photo is what it purports to be.", 'start': 10547.834, 'duration': 6.361}, {'end': 10557.956, 'text': "That's very different from a photo randomly circulating on Twitter.", 'start': 10555.396, 'duration': 2.56}, {'end': 10562.418, 'text': 'Whereas I would say 15 years ago, a photo randomly circulating on Twitter.', 'start': 10557.996, 'duration': 4.422}], 'summary': 'Different levels of trust: fox news photo vs random twitter photo. 15 years ago, twitter photos less trusted.', 'duration': 24.487, 'max_score': 10537.931, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo10537931.jpg'}, {'end': 10714.004, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10686.83, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 10690.172, 'text': 'that could be a deep fake, like you could have faked that because people are like.', 'start': 10686.83, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 10691.472, 'text': 'well, No, like.', 'start': 10690.172, 'duration': 1.3}, {'end': 10694.454, 'text': "you're a well-known podcaster and you do interview interesting people.", 'start': 10691.472, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 10698.996, 'text': "And yeah, you like you wouldn't think that so that your brand becomes really important.", 'start': 10694.534, 'duration': 4.462}, {'end': 10708.901, 'text': "Whereas if suddenly and I've seen this already, I've seen sort of video with subtitles in English and apparently the Ukrainian was the same.", 'start': 10699.036, 'duration': 9.865}, {'end': 10712.023, 'text': 'And it was Zelensky saying something really outrageous.', 'start': 10709.621, 'duration': 2.402}, {'end': 10714.004, 'text': "And I'm like, Yeah, I don't believe that.", 'start': 10712.843, 'duration': 1.161}], 'summary': 'Discussion on importance of brand authenticity and skepticism towards deep fake videos.', 'duration': 27.174, 'max_score': 10686.83, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo10686830.jpg'}], 'start': 9810.235, 'title': "Wikipedia's challenges and machine-generated content", 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges faced by wikipedia, including server crashes, organizational growing pains, and potential future with ai. it also addresses the impact of machine-generated content on volunteer editing and traditional brands, including rise of spam and credibility challenges.', 'chapters': [{'end': 9901.89, 'start': 9810.235, 'title': 'Friendship paradox and wikipedia journey', 'summary': "Discusses the friendship paradox, which was first observed by the sociologist scott feld in 1991, and the speaker's optimistic perspective on challenges faced in the wikipedia journey.", 'duration': 91.655, 'highlights': ["The friendship paradox, first observed by sociologist Scott Feld in 1991, states that on average, an individual's friends have more friends than that individual.", 'The phenomenon of the friendship paradox leads to a mathematically rigorous way of feeling more lonely.', "The speaker's optimistic perspective on challenges faced in the Wikipedia journey, highlighting the personal approach of being a pathological optimist."]}, {'end': 10388.049, 'start': 9901.89, 'title': 'Challenges and growth of wikipedia', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges faced by wikipedia, including server crashes, organizational growing pains, and the successful growth of the community and website. it also addresses the potential future of wikipedia, including the use of ai for translation and the financial stability of the wikimedia foundation.', 'duration': 486.159, 'highlights': ['The challenges faced by Wikipedia, including server crashes on Christmas Day and growing pains of the Wikimedia Foundation. The chapter discusses the hard moments, such as when two out of three servers crashed on Christmas Day and the growing pains of the Wikimedia Foundation as a small organization.', 'The successful growth of the Wikipedia community and website in the early period. In the early period, the growth of the website and the traffic to the website was phenomenal, along with the healthy growth of the community.', 'The potential future of Wikipedia, including the use of AI for translation and the growth of Wikipedia in the languages of the developing world. The potential future of Wikipedia includes the use of AI for translation and the growth of Wikipedia in the languages of the developing world, which is considered super important and interesting.', 'The financial stability and cautious approach of the Wikimedia Foundation, ensuring its existence in the next 100 years. The chapter discusses the financially stable approach of the Wikimedia Foundation, building reserves and an endowment fund to ensure its existence in the next 100 years.']}, {'end': 10722.007, 'start': 10388.549, 'title': 'Rise of machine-generated content', 'summary': 'Discusses the potential negative impacts and challenges related to machine-generated content, including the rise of highly customized spam, the potential difficulty for volunteers in editing wikipedia, and the impact on the credibility of traditional brands and citizen journalism.', 'duration': 333.458, 'highlights': ['The rise of highly customized spam, utilizing personal data to bypass filters, presents a significant new challenge. The speaker discusses the potential threat of highly customized spam that utilizes personal data to craft targeted emails, posing a new and significant challenge in the realm of spam and cybersecurity.', 'The potential difficulty for volunteers in editing Wikipedia due to a larger percentage of machine-generated content raises concerns about the quality and authenticity of information. The impact of machine-generated content on Wikipedia editing is highlighted, raising concerns about the potential difficulty for volunteers and editors in maintaining the quality and authenticity of information in the face of increasing machine-generated content.', 'The impact on the credibility of traditional brands and the need for caution in evaluating new sources of information, such as news stories and photographs, is emphasized. The chapter emphasizes the potential impact on the credibility of traditional brands and the need for caution in evaluating new sources of information, including news stories and photographic evidence, in light of the rise of machine-generated content.', 'The importance of stable and verifiable trust in citizen journalism is discussed, highlighting the potential for individuals to establish credibility over time. The discussion delves into the potential for stable and verifiable trust in citizen journalism, emphasizing the possibility for individuals to establish credibility over time, irrespective of traditional media organizations.', "The significance of brand reputation in determining the credibility of content, as demonstrated by the example of a well-known podcaster's interview with a public figure, is highlighted. The chapter highlights the significance of brand reputation in determining the credibility of content, using the example of a well-known podcaster's interview with a public figure to illustrate the impact of brand recognition on content credibility."]}], 'duration': 911.772, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo9810235.jpg', 'highlights': ['The potential future of Wikipedia includes the use of AI for translation and the growth of Wikipedia in the languages of the developing world.', 'The financial stability and cautious approach of the Wikimedia Foundation, ensuring its existence in the next 100 years.', 'The rise of highly customized spam, utilizing personal data to bypass filters, presents a significant new challenge.', 'The impact of machine-generated content on Wikipedia editing is highlighted, raising concerns about the potential difficulty for volunteers and editors in maintaining the quality and authenticity of information.', "The significance of brand reputation in determining the credibility of content, as demonstrated by the example of a well-known podcaster's interview with a public figure, is highlighted."]}, {'end': 11697.4, 'segs': [{'end': 10749.541, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10722.327, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 10726.089, 'text': 'Yeah, and then building platforms and mechanisms of how that trust can be verified.', 'start': 10722.327, 'duration': 3.762}, {'end': 10729.61, 'text': 'You know, if something appears on a Wikipedia page, that means something.', 'start': 10726.909, 'duration': 2.701}, {'end': 10734.352, 'text': 'If something appears on, like, say, my Twitter account, that means something.', 'start': 10730.07, 'duration': 4.282}, {'end': 10737.753, 'text': 'That means I, this particular human, have signed off on it.', 'start': 10734.372, 'duration': 3.381}, {'end': 10744.377, 'text': 'And then the trust you have in this particular human transfers to the piece of content.', 'start': 10738.853, 'duration': 5.524}, {'end': 10749.541, 'text': "And then each, hopefully there's millions of people with different metrics of trust.", 'start': 10744.818, 'duration': 4.723}], 'summary': 'Building trust through verified content on platforms like wikipedia and twitter, leveraging millions of user metrics.', 'duration': 27.214, 'max_score': 10722.327, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo10722327.jpg'}, {'end': 11355.033, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11329.334, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 11335.638, 'text': "Even if I'm Elon Musk and I could devote all my wealth to build, I'll be dead on the ship on the way.", 'start': 11329.334, 'duration': 6.304}, {'end': 11337.219, 'text': 'So is that really meaning?', 'start': 11335.718, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 11342.483, 'text': "But I think it's really interesting to think about and reading his little book.", 'start': 11337.739, 'duration': 4.744}, {'end': 11343.864, 'text': "it's quite a short little book.", 'start': 11342.483, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 11347.827, 'text': 'reading his book, it made me, it did make me think about wow, like this is big.', 'start': 11343.864, 'duration': 3.963}, {'end': 11351.47, 'text': 'Like this is not what you think about in your day-to-day life is like.', 'start': 11347.867, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 11355.033, 'text': 'where is the human species going to be in 10 million years?', 'start': 11351.47, 'duration': 3.563}], 'summary': "Elon musk's book prompted thoughts about humanity's future, 10 million years ahead.", 'duration': 25.699, 'max_score': 11329.334, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo11329334.jpg'}, {'end': 11415.294, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11380.047, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 11384.391, 'text': "I'm actually excited about AI in this regard, while also bracketing.", 'start': 11380.047, 'duration': 4.344}, {'end': 11387.694, 'text': "Yeah, I understand there's also risks and people are terrified of AI.", 'start': 11384.671, 'duration': 3.023}, {'end': 11400.304, 'text': 'But I actually think it is quite interesting this moment in time that we may have in the next 50 years to really really solve some really long-term human problems,', 'start': 11388.354, 'duration': 11.95}, {'end': 11401.164, 'text': 'for example in health.', 'start': 11400.304, 'duration': 0.86}, {'end': 11415.294, 'text': "I think the progress that's being made in cancer treatment, because we are able to at scale model molecules and genetics and things like this,", 'start': 11401.184, 'duration': 14.11}], 'summary': 'Ai presents opportunity to solve long-term human problems, such as in health, with potential advancements in cancer treatment.', 'duration': 35.247, 'max_score': 11380.047, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo11380047.jpg'}, {'end': 11588.159, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11558.948, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 11563.67, 'text': "And so suddenly you say oh wow, like here's a piece of.", 'start': 11558.948, 'duration': 4.722}, {'end': 11570.392, 'text': "you know, it's the Korean equivalent of maybe it's Friends as a comedy, or maybe it's Succession, just to be very contemporary.", 'start': 11563.67, 'duration': 6.722}, {'end': 11573.473, 'text': "It's something that really impacted a lot of people and they really loved it.", 'start': 11570.792, 'duration': 2.681}, {'end': 11575.314, 'text': "And we have literally no idea what it's about.", 'start': 11573.513, 'duration': 1.801}, {'end': 11588.159, 'text': "And suddenly it's like, wow, you know, like music, street music from wherever in the world can suddenly become accessible to us all in new ways.", 'start': 11576.154, 'duration': 12.005}], 'summary': 'Korean show impacted many, unknown content accessible worldwide.', 'duration': 29.211, 'max_score': 11558.948, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo11558948.jpg'}, {'end': 11656.021, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11628.383, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 11631.444, 'text': "they can't put that in Wikipedia and get it translated into other places.", 'start': 11628.383, 'duration': 3.061}, {'end': 11633.684, 'text': "They can't share their culture and their knowledge.", 'start': 11631.484, 'duration': 2.2}, {'end': 11639.846, 'text': 'And I think for China, this should be a somewhat influential argument because China does feel misunderstood in the world.', 'start': 11634.324, 'duration': 5.522}, {'end': 11641.967, 'text': "It's like, okay, well, there's one way.", 'start': 11640.646, 'duration': 1.321}, {'end': 11645.811, 'text': 'If you wanna help people understand, put it in Wikipedia.', 'start': 11642.067, 'duration': 3.744}, {'end': 11647.993, 'text': "That's what people go to when they wanna understand.", 'start': 11646.051, 'duration': 1.942}, {'end': 11652.838, 'text': 'And give the amazing, incredible people of China a voice.', 'start': 11648.413, 'duration': 4.425}, {'end': 11656.021, 'text': 'Exactly Jimmy, thank you so much.', 'start': 11653.358, 'duration': 2.663}], 'summary': 'Wikipedia can help share chinese culture and knowledge, providing a voice for the misunderstood.', 'duration': 27.638, 'max_score': 11628.383, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo11628383.jpg'}, {'end': 11697.4, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11690.413, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 11692.815, 'text': 'It is the illusion of knowledge.', 'start': 11690.413, 'duration': 2.402}, {'end': 11697.4, 'text': 'Thank you for listening and hope to see you next time.', 'start': 11694.277, 'duration': 3.123}], 'summary': 'Highlighting the illusion of knowledge.', 'duration': 6.987, 'max_score': 11690.413, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo11690413.jpg'}], 'start': 10722.327, 'title': 'Impactful advice and global cultural exchange', 'summary': "Delves into building trust through verified platforms, advice for impactful success, and the potential of machine translation in global cultural exchange. it also explores the lessons learned from myspace vs facebook and the diverse entrepreneurial paths, with wikipedia's business model as an inspiring example.", 'chapters': [{'end': 10986.825, 'start': 10722.327, 'title': 'Building trust and impactful advice', 'summary': "Discusses building trust through verified platforms, advice for impactful success, and the persistence and pivoting strategies with wikipedia's business model as an inspiring example.", 'duration': 264.498, 'highlights': ["Wikipedia's impact as one of the most impactful websites in the history of human civilization is emphasized, with advice given for young people to pursue their passions for impactful success rather than solely focusing on financial gain.", "The importance of persistence and preparedness to pivot in career or startup endeavors is highlighted, with the example of Wikipedia's business model serving as an inspiring story of perseverance in a capitalist and ad-driven internet business world.", 'The concept of building trust through verified platforms like Wikipedia and personal endorsements is discussed, emphasizing the transfer of trust from individuals to content and the potential biases in conversations based on trust metrics.']}, {'end': 11486.606, 'start': 10987.405, 'title': 'Myspace vs facebook: lessons learned', 'summary': "Discusses myspace's downfall due to heavy ads and poor customer experience, and highlights the importance of defining success beyond financial metrics, with a focus on diverse entrepreneurial paths and the subjective nature of meaning of life, while also exploring the potential of ai in solving long-term human problems.", 'duration': 499.201, 'highlights': ["Myspace's downfall due to heavy ads and poor customer experience Myspace's collapse attributed to heavy ads and less emphasis on customer experience, leading to its decline within a few years after being bought by Rupert Murdoch.", 'Defining success beyond financial metrics Emphasizes the importance of defining success beyond financial metrics and acknowledges the diversity of entrepreneurial paths, encouraging individuals to embrace failure, learning, and resilience.', 'Subjective nature of meaning of life Explores the subjective nature of the meaning of life, emphasizing internal determination and referencing the diversity of philosophies on the topic, ultimately concluding that humans decide their own meaning in life.', "Potential of AI in solving long-term human problems Expresses optimism about AI's potential in solving long-term human problems, particularly in the field of health, such as cancer treatment and addressing challenges like climate change, ultimately aiming to alleviate human suffering and propagate human consciousness."]}, {'end': 11697.4, 'start': 11487.086, 'title': 'Global cultural exchange', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of machine translation on cultural exchange, highlighting the potential to make global content accessible and the importance of platforms like wikipedia for sharing diverse cultural knowledge and stories.', 'duration': 210.314, 'highlights': ['Machine translation enables global accessibility of cultural content such as Korean soap operas, broadening the reach and impact of diverse cultural media. The use of machine translation allows for the redubbing of popular Korean dramas into English, expanding their accessibility and impact across different cultures.', 'The significance of platforms like Wikipedia in sharing diverse cultural knowledge and stories, emphasizing the importance of giving people from various regions a voice to express their culture and share their knowledge. The discussion underscores the significance of platforms like Wikipedia in allowing people from different regions, such as China, to share their cultural knowledge and stories, emphasizing the importance of giving diverse communities a voice.', 'The impact of machine translation on making global content accessible, showcasing the potential for street music and cultural events from various parts of the world to be experienced and appreciated by a global audience. The chapter highlights the potential of machine translation in making global content accessible, enabling street music and cultural events from different regions to be experienced and appreciated by a global audience.']}], 'duration': 975.073, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/diJp4zoQPqo/pics/diJp4zoQPqo10722327.jpg', 'highlights': ["Wikipedia's impact as one of the most impactful websites in the history of human civilization is emphasized, with advice given for young people to pursue their passions for impactful success rather than solely focusing on financial gain.", "The importance of persistence and preparedness to pivot in career or startup endeavors is highlighted, with the example of Wikipedia's business model serving as an inspiring story of perseverance in a capitalist and ad-driven internet business world.", 'The concept of building trust through verified platforms like Wikipedia and personal endorsements is discussed, emphasizing the transfer of trust from individuals to content and the potential biases in conversations based on trust metrics.', "Myspace's downfall due to heavy ads and poor customer experience Myspace's collapse attributed to heavy ads and less emphasis on customer experience, leading to its decline within a few years after being bought by Rupert Murdoch.", 'Defining success beyond financial metrics Emphasizes the importance of defining success beyond financial metrics and acknowledges the diversity of entrepreneurial paths, encouraging individuals to embrace failure, learning, and resilience.', 'Machine translation enables global accessibility of cultural content such as Korean soap operas, broadening the reach and impact of diverse cultural media. The use of machine translation allows for the redubbing of popular Korean dramas into English, expanding their accessibility and impact across different cultures.']}], 'highlights': ["Wikipedia's refusal to succumb to government pressure, showcasing their resilience and dedication to principles.", 'The challenges faced in creating a collaborative encyclopedia, including the initial attempt with Newpedia and the realization that such an approach was not feasible.', "Wikipedia's birth as a side project led to more productivity in two weeks than in almost two years, showcasing the success of the wiki format.", 'English Wikipedia has 6.66 million articles and 4.3 billion words, with a total of 58 million pages.', 'The implications of large language models, such as GPT-4, trained on Wikipedia content were examined, discussing the rapid technological advancements and the importance of open licensing and attribution.', 'The importance of proper attribution and grounding in text generation, emphasizing moral responsibility to provide sources.', 'The impact of social media algorithms on political discourse, rewarding contentious and clickbait content.', 'The importance of fairly representing all meaningfully important sides within Wikipedia articles.', 'The fundraiser exceeded the initial goal by raising nearly $30,000 within two to three weeks, showcasing the effectiveness of the campaign.', 'The potential future of Wikipedia includes the use of AI for translation and the growth of Wikipedia in the languages of the developing world.', "Wikipedia's impact as one of the most impactful websites in the history of human civilization is emphasized, with advice given for young people to pursue their passions for impactful success rather than solely focusing on financial gain."]}