title
MySQL Syntax in 20 Minutes | Understanding the Main Components of SQL

description
👉Sign up for Our Complete Data Science Training with 57% OFF: https://bit.ly/3sJATc9 👉 Download Our Free Data Science Career Guide: https://bit.ly/47Eh6d5 SQL is the programming language you need to execute commands that let you create and manipulate a relational database. We will not delve into strict and detailed technical definitions to explain how it works. What you need to know is there are a few types of programming out there – procedural (imperative), object-oriented, declarative, and functional. Although with some procedural elements, SQL is mainly regarded as a declarative programming language, it is nonprocedural. This means, while coding, you will not be interested in how you want the job done. The focus is on what result you want to obtain. An abstract example would best clarify what we mean here. When using a procedural language, such as C or Java, you must explicitly divide the solution of a certain problem into several steps. ► Consider hitting the SUBSCRIBE button if you LIKE the content: https://www.youtube.com/c/365DataScience?sub_confirmation=1 ► VISIT our website: https://bit.ly/365ds 🤝 Connect with us LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/365datascience/ 365 Data Science is an online educational career website that offers the incredible opportunity to find your way into the data science world no matter your previous knowledge and experience. We have prepared numerous courses that suit the needs of aspiring BI analysts, Data analysts and Data scientists. We at 365 Data Science are committed educators who believe that curiosity should not be hindered by inability to access good learning resources. This is why we focus all our efforts on creating high-quality educational content which anyone can access online. Check out our Data Science Career guides: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLaFfQroTgZnyQFq4nUfb-w2vEopN3ULMb #MySQL #Sql #DataScience

detail
{'title': 'MySQL Syntax in 20 Minutes | Understanding the Main Components of SQL', 'heatmap': [{'end': 346.699, 'start': 251.274, 'weight': 0.847}, {'end': 477.897, 'start': 462.728, 'weight': 0.769}, {'end': 562.686, 'start': 546.568, 'weight': 0.714}, {'end': 744.439, 'start': 723.383, 'weight': 0.865}], 'summary': 'Provides a comprehensive understanding of sql, covering its declarative nature, ddl syntax, data manipulation, control language, server privileges, and transactions, with emphasis on commands and operations for database management and proficiency in sql.', 'chapters': [{'end': 461.974, 'segs': [{'end': 48.932, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 24.836, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 33.442, 'text': 'What you need to know is there are a few types of programming out there – procedural, imperative, object-oriented, declarative, and functional.', 'start': 24.836, 'duration': 8.606}, {'end': 40.867, 'text': 'Although with some procedural elements, SQL is mainly regarded as a declarative programming language, it is non-procedural.', 'start': 34.202, 'duration': 6.665}, {'end': 45.95, 'text': 'This means, while coding, you will not be interested in how you want the job done.', 'start': 41.807, 'duration': 4.143}, {'end': 48.932, 'text': 'The focus is on what result you want to obtain.', 'start': 46.37, 'duration': 2.562}], 'summary': 'Sql is a non-procedural, declarative programming language focusing on desired results.', 'duration': 24.096, 'max_score': 24.836, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI24836.jpg'}, {'end': 173.929, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 142.786, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 146.289, 'text': 'It is called a language, but you can think of it as a syntax,', 'start': 142.786, 'duration': 3.503}, {'end': 151.874, 'text': 'a set of statements that allow the user to define or modify data structures and objects such as tables.', 'start': 146.289, 'duration': 5.585}, {'end': 155.276, 'text': 'One DDL statement is the create statement.', 'start': 152.794, 'duration': 2.482}, {'end': 161.24, 'text': 'As its name suggests, it is used for creating entire databases and database objects as tables.', 'start': 155.876, 'duration': 5.364}, {'end': 166.664, 'text': 'For example, if we want to create a table, we must abide by the following syntax.', 'start': 162.081, 'duration': 4.583}, {'end': 173.929, 'text': 'Create table, object name, column name, and data type in parentheses, and semicolumn.', 'start': 167.404, 'duration': 6.525}], 'summary': "Ddl statements in a language allow users to create databases and objects like tables, with the 'create' statement used for this purpose.", 'duration': 31.143, 'max_score': 142.786, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI142786.jpg'}, {'end': 356.518, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 243.203, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 250.467, 'text': 'Because it helps us understand better how the ALTER statement works, which is the operation to be carried out when altering existing objects.', 'start': 243.203, 'duration': 7.264}, {'end': 257.654, 'text': 'For example, we can use alter to modify a table by adding, removing, or renaming one of the columns in the table.', 'start': 251.274, 'duration': 6.38}, {'end': 264.177, 'text': 'To add a column, called date of purchase, you should begin with the same structure as the one used for the create statement.', 'start': 258.336, 'duration': 5.841}, {'end': 268.698, 'text': 'After alter, you will be able to designate the object type and its name.', 'start': 264.797, 'duration': 3.901}, {'end': 272.779, 'text': 'After that, you are supposed to write down the precise modification.', 'start': 269.418, 'duration': 3.361}, {'end': 277.542, 'text': 'This means a new column containing the date of the purchase will be added to our table.', 'start': 273.74, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 281.685, 'text': 'In addition, the values in this column will be of the date type.', 'start': 278.063, 'duration': 3.622}, {'end': 290.403, 'text': 'Intuitive, right? What if you want to delete a database object? In that case, you can use the drop statement to do that.', 'start': 282.385, 'duration': 8.018}, {'end': 295.687, 'text': 'For instance, we can delete the entire customers table with a single line of code.', 'start': 291.224, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 298.048, 'text': 'Drop table customers.', 'start': 296.447, 'duration': 1.601}, {'end': 303.171, 'text': 'As you can see, the DDL statement was accompanied by the object type and its name.', 'start': 298.749, 'duration': 4.422}, {'end': 307.794, 'text': 'Another valuable tool when using the data definition language is rename.', 'start': 304.032, 'duration': 3.762}, {'end': 312.841, 'text': 'This piece of syntax allows you to rename an object like a database table.', 'start': 308.735, 'duration': 4.106}, {'end': 322.095, 'text': "If we hadn't dropped the Customers table, rename table Customers to CustomerData would have changed the name of the table to CustomerData.", 'start': 313.582, 'duration': 8.513}, {'end': 328.725, 'text': 'Okay, finally, instead of deleting an entire table through drop,', 'start': 324.221, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 332.848, 'text': 'we can also remove its data and continue to have the table as an object in the database.', 'start': 328.725, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 338.212, 'text': 'In such a situation, truncate is the DDL statement that would allow us to do that.', 'start': 333.568, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 346.699, 'text': 'After executing this clause, all the records from the customers table will be deleted, but, although empty, the table will continue to exist.', 'start': 339.253, 'duration': 7.446}, {'end': 356.518, 'text': 'As a quick recap of this lesson, remember the data definition language constitutes the part of the SQL syntax that allows you to create, alter, drop,', 'start': 347.714, 'duration': 8.804}], 'summary': 'Sql ddl allows altering, dropping, and renaming database objects, e.g., adding a column with alter, deleting with drop, and truncating data with truncate.', 'duration': 113.315, 'max_score': 243.203, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI243203.jpg'}, {'end': 307.794, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 282.385, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 290.403, 'text': 'Intuitive, right? What if you want to delete a database object? In that case, you can use the drop statement to do that.', 'start': 282.385, 'duration': 8.018}, {'end': 295.687, 'text': 'For instance, we can delete the entire customers table with a single line of code.', 'start': 291.224, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 298.048, 'text': 'Drop table customers.', 'start': 296.447, 'duration': 1.601}, {'end': 303.171, 'text': 'As you can see, the DDL statement was accompanied by the object type and its name.', 'start': 298.749, 'duration': 4.422}, {'end': 307.794, 'text': 'Another valuable tool when using the data definition language is rename.', 'start': 304.032, 'duration': 3.762}], 'summary': 'Ddl statements like drop and rename help manage database objects efficiently.', 'duration': 25.409, 'max_score': 282.385, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI282385.jpg'}, {'end': 359.419, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 333.568, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 338.212, 'text': 'In such a situation, truncate is the DDL statement that would allow us to do that.', 'start': 333.568, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 346.699, 'text': 'After executing this clause, all the records from the customers table will be deleted, but, although empty, the table will continue to exist.', 'start': 339.253, 'duration': 7.446}, {'end': 356.518, 'text': 'As a quick recap of this lesson, remember the data definition language constitutes the part of the SQL syntax that allows you to create, alter, drop,', 'start': 347.714, 'duration': 8.804}, {'end': 359.419, 'text': 'rename and truncate databases and their elements.', 'start': 356.518, 'duration': 2.901}], 'summary': 'Truncate ddl statement deletes all records from the customers table, leaving it empty but still existing.', 'duration': 25.851, 'max_score': 333.568, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI333568.jpg'}], 'start': 0.349, 'title': 'Understanding sql as a declarative language and sql ddl syntax and operations', 'summary': "Delves into sql as a declarative language, emphasizing non-procedural nature and result-oriented commands, and also covers sql's ddl syntax and operations, including create, alter, drop, rename, and truncate statements for database management.", 'chapters': [{'end': 92.809, 'start': 0.349, 'title': 'Understanding sql as a declarative language', 'summary': 'Explains sql as a declarative programming language, highlighting its non-procedural nature and focusing on result-oriented commands, with examples comparing it to procedural programming.', 'duration': 92.46, 'highlights': ['SQL is mainly regarded as a declarative programming language, it is non-procedural, focusing on what result you want to obtain.', 'Procedural languages like C or Java require explicit division of the solution into several steps, while in a declarative language like SQL, the algorithms are built in, and there is an optimizer separating the task into smaller steps.', 'The chapter also introduces different types of programming languages, such as procedural, imperative, object-oriented, declarative, and functional.']}, {'end': 461.974, 'start': 94.11, 'title': 'Sql ddl syntax and operations', 'summary': "Introduces the syntax and operations of sql's data definition language (ddl), covering the create, alter, drop, rename, and truncate statements, which are used to create, modify, and manage databases and their elements.", 'duration': 367.864, 'highlights': ["The Data Definition Language (DDL) in SQL includes the create, alter, drop, rename, and truncate statements, which respectively create, modify, delete, rename, and remove data from databases and their elements. It explains the main components of SQL's syntax, particularly the Data Definition Language, which includes the create, alter, drop, rename, and truncate statements.", "The create statement is used to create entire databases and database objects such as tables, and it involves specifying the table name, columns, and data type, such as creating a table called 'cells' with a column 'purchase number' storing integer values. It describes the create statement as a means to create databases and objects like tables, providing a specific example of creating a table with a specified column and data type.", 'The alter statement allows modification of existing objects, such as adding, removing, or renaming columns in a table by using the same syntax as the create statement. It details the usage of the alter statement to modify existing objects, specifically focusing on adding, removing, or renaming columns in a table.', "The drop statement is used to delete entire database objects, as demonstrated by the example of deleting the 'customers' table with the statement 'drop table customers'. It explains the usage of the drop statement to delete entire database objects, illustrated by the specific example of deleting the 'customers' table.", 'The truncate statement removes all records from a table while keeping the table as an object in the database. It introduces the truncate statement, which removes all records from a table while retaining the table as an object in the database.']}], 'duration': 461.625, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI349.jpg', 'highlights': ['SQL is mainly regarded as a declarative programming language, it is non-procedural, focusing on what result you want to obtain.', 'The Data Definition Language (DDL) in SQL includes the create, alter, drop, rename, and truncate statements, which respectively create, modify, delete, rename, and remove data from databases and their elements.', 'The chapter also introduces different types of programming languages, such as procedural, imperative, object-oriented, declarative, and functional.', "The create statement is used to create entire databases and database objects such as tables, and it involves specifying the table name, columns, and data type, such as creating a table called 'cells' with a column 'purchase number' storing integer values.", 'The alter statement allows modification of existing objects, such as adding, removing, or renaming columns in a table by using the same syntax as the create statement.', "The drop statement is used to delete entire database objects, as demonstrated by the example of deleting the 'customers' table with the statement 'drop table customers'.", 'The truncate statement removes all records from a table while keeping the table as an object in the database.']}, {'end': 796.463, 'segs': [{'end': 495.025, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 462.728, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 468.491, 'text': 'We will start with SELECT, a statement used to retrieve data from database objects, like tables.', 'start': 462.728, 'duration': 5.763}, {'end': 477.897, 'text': "The star after the SELECT statement in the following line will deliver the entire content of the cell's table,", 'start': 471.633, 'duration': 6.264}, {'end': 480.578, 'text': 'meaning all records and fields contained in the table', 'start': 477.897, 'duration': 2.681}, {'end': 486.802, 'text': 'You can use the same structure to extract specific records from the table.', 'start': 482.759, 'duration': 4.043}, {'end': 495.025, 'text': 'But, at this point, one could rightly ask, what for? We can see the entire table here.', 'start': 488.162, 'duration': 6.863}], 'summary': 'Using select statement to retrieve entire table content in database', 'duration': 32.297, 'max_score': 462.728, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI462728.jpg'}, {'end': 569.129, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 538.86, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 541.463, 'text': 'Insert is used to insert data into tables.', 'start': 538.86, 'duration': 2.603}, {'end': 545.827, 'text': 'It enables you to add more records or rows while you are working with the table.', 'start': 541.983, 'duration': 3.844}, {'end': 550.271, 'text': 'This clause goes hand-in-hand with the keywords Into and Values.', 'start': 546.568, 'duration': 3.703}, {'end': 560.445, 'text': 'In the parentheses after the table name, you will have to specify the columns you are adding information to,', 'start': 554.062, 'duration': 6.383}, {'end': 562.686, 'text': 'unless you want to insert data in all columns.', 'start': 560.445, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 569.129, 'text': 'For the moment, our sales table contains only two fields.', 'start': 565.727, 'duration': 3.402}], 'summary': 'The insert clause adds records to a table, with our sales table currently having two fields.', 'duration': 30.269, 'max_score': 538.86, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI538860.jpg'}, {'end': 703.704, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 675.002, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 679.146, 'text': 'With delete, you can specify precisely what you would like to be removed.', 'start': 675.002, 'duration': 4.144}, {'end': 690.372, 'text': "For instance, the following phrase, we'll remove all the records from the cells table, just as if we had written truncate table cells.", 'start': 681.724, 'duration': 8.648}, {'end': 700.541, 'text': "If we take advantage of the optional WHERE clause instead the following statement we'll delete the record with a purchase number of one,", 'start': 692.654, 'duration': 7.887}, {'end': 703.704, 'text': 'and the other one we have in our miniature table will be left intact.', 'start': 700.541, 'duration': 3.163}], 'summary': 'The delete command removes specific data from a table, such as all records or a specific record based on a condition.', 'duration': 28.702, 'max_score': 675.002, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI675002.jpg'}, {'end': 744.439, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 723.383, 'weight': 0.865, 'content': [{'end': 732.388, 'text': 'insert into values, update, set where and delete from and optionally where.', 'start': 723.383, 'duration': 9.005}, {'end': 738.855, 'text': 'The data control language is a syntax containing only two statements, grant and revoke.', 'start': 733.632, 'duration': 5.223}, {'end': 744.439, 'text': 'As you probably guessed, these statements allow us to manage the rights users have in a database.', 'start': 739.456, 'duration': 4.983}], 'summary': 'Sql data control language includes grant and revoke for managing user rights.', 'duration': 21.056, 'max_score': 723.383, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI723383.jpg'}], 'start': 462.728, 'title': 'Sql data manipulation and control language', 'summary': 'Covers the usage of sql insert and update operations, emphasizing the importance of select statement and data manipulation control language, ensuring proficiency in sql with comprehensive examples and syntax explanations.', 'chapters': [{'end': 537.459, 'start': 462.728, 'title': 'Using select statement in sql', 'summary': 'Covers the importance of using the select statement in sql to retrieve specific data from large database tables, emphasizing its crucial role and powerful functionality in efficiently extracting information, ensuring confidence and proficiency in its usage.', 'duration': 74.731, 'highlights': ['The SELECT statement allows the retrieval of data from database objects, such as tables, and the ability to extract specific records from the table.', 'Using the SELECT statement becomes crucial when dealing with large tables, for example, with 2 million rows of data, where extracting a small portion that satisfies given criteria is essential for efficient data retrieval.', 'Mastering the use of SELECT is vital, as it is one of the most powerful tools available in SQL, enabling precise designation of the area of the table to extract information from and instilling confidence in its usage for database selection.']}, {'end': 650.222, 'start': 538.86, 'title': 'Sql insert and update operations', 'summary': 'Explains the usage of the insert statement to add records into a table and demonstrates the syntax and examples of the insert and update operations in sql.', 'duration': 111.362, 'highlights': ['The INSERT statement in SQL is used to add records or rows to a table, and it is accompanied by the keywords INTO and VALUES, enabling the specification of columns for inserting data (e.g., purchase number and date).', 'The code example demonstrates the insertion of the first record into the dataset, appearing as the first row in the cells table, and the addition of another record with purchase number 2 and the date 27th of October 2017.', 'The UPDATE statement in SQL allows the renewal of existing data in tables, and its syntax differs from the INSERT statement. The provided example showcases the substitution of the previously inserted date of purchase number 1, 11th of October 2017, with a new date, 12th of December 2017, based on the purchase number.']}, {'end': 796.463, 'start': 650.222, 'title': 'Sql data manipulation and control language', 'summary': 'Covers the delete clause in sql, which allows precise removal of records, and also explains the syntax and usage of grant and revoke statements in data control language.', 'duration': 146.241, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the delete clause in SQL, which allows precise removal of records. Delete clause in SQL allows specifying precisely what records to be removed, providing more control than the truncate statement, and it is demonstrated with an example.', 'The syntax and usage of grant and revoke statements in data control language are explained. Grant and revoke statements in data control language are used to manage user permissions in a database, allowing assignment of specific access rights to users based on their username and the database resources.', 'The data manipulation language syntax contains statements and keywords like select from, insert into values, update, set where, and delete from and optionally where. The data manipulation language syntax consists of select, insert, update, and delete statements, along with the associated keywords, providing the fundamental elements for manipulating data in a database.']}], 'duration': 333.735, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI462728.jpg', 'highlights': ['The SELECT statement allows the retrieval of data from database objects, such as tables, and the ability to extract specific records from the table.', 'The INSERT statement in SQL is used to add records or rows to a table, and it is accompanied by the keywords INTO and VALUES, enabling the specification of columns for inserting data (e.g., purchase number and date).', 'The chapter covers the delete clause in SQL, which allows precise removal of records. Delete clause in SQL allows specifying precisely what records to be removed, providing more control than the truncate statement, and it is demonstrated with an example.']}, {'end': 1192.003, 'segs': [{'end': 824.708, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 797.484, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 801.627, 'text': "The server is based on our machine and it's commonly known as localhost,", 'start': 797.484, 'duration': 4.143}, {'end': 809.661, 'text': 'which is the domain name for the local IP address of our machine 127.0.0.1..', 'start': 801.627, 'duration': 8.034}, {'end': 816.025, 'text': "Naturally, big companies and corporations don't use this type of server and their databases lay on external,", 'start': 809.662, 'duration': 6.363}, {'end': 819.806, 'text': 'much more powerful servers specially designed to store big amounts of data.', 'start': 816.025, 'duration': 3.781}, {'end': 824.708, 'text': 'Those servers are not our local host and are accessible on different IP addresses.', 'start': 820.627, 'duration': 4.081}], 'summary': 'Big companies use external, powerful servers for databases, not localhost.', 'duration': 27.224, 'max_score': 797.484, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI797484.jpg'}, {'end': 872.069, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 843.447, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 847.929, 'text': 'By typing this, we will create a user, Frank, with password pass.', 'start': 843.447, 'duration': 4.482}, {'end': 855.893, 'text': "Say we'd like to allow Frank to have access to certain resources in our database, like the table containing customers' data.", 'start': 849.289, 'duration': 6.604}, {'end': 864.697, 'text': "Then, this line of code will allow Frank to apply nothing but the SELECT statement to the customers' table from our database.", 'start': 857.914, 'duration': 6.783}, {'end': 872.069, 'text': "he won't be able to use drop, truncate, alter, insert, delete, or any other command.", 'start': 866.186, 'duration': 5.883}], 'summary': 'Creating user frank with limited database access to select statement only.', 'duration': 28.622, 'max_score': 843.447, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI843447.jpg'}, {'end': 976.914, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 931.918, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 939.484, 'text': "After this code has been run, we can open Frank's profile and see more tables have been shown in the sales database, not just the customers table.", 'start': 931.918, 'duration': 7.566}, {'end': 945.717, 'text': 'The alter statement will work too, not just the select statement.', 'start': 941.974, 'duration': 3.743}, {'end': 950.542, 'text': 'The rest of the DDL and DML statements are available too.', 'start': 947.419, 'duration': 3.123}, {'end': 957.668, 'text': 'Great People who have complete rights to a database are database administrators.', 'start': 951.543, 'duration': 6.125}, {'end': 961.312, 'text': 'They can grant access to users and can revoke it.', 'start': 958.349, 'duration': 2.963}, {'end': 966.31, 'text': 'The revoke clause is used to revoke permissions and privileges of database users.', 'start': 962.128, 'duration': 4.182}, {'end': 969.271, 'text': 'It is the exact opposite of the grant statement.', 'start': 966.87, 'duration': 2.401}, {'end': 971.532, 'text': 'The syntax is identical.', 'start': 969.971, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 976.914, 'text': 'Instead of granting permission to somebody, one can revoke a privilege from somebody.', 'start': 972.192, 'duration': 4.722}], 'summary': 'Running the code added tables to the sales database. database administrators can grant and revoke access and privileges from users.', 'duration': 44.996, 'max_score': 931.918, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI931918.jpg'}, {'end': 1058.142, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1031.143, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1037.786, 'text': "Commit will save the changes you've made permanently on the database and will let other users have access to the modified version of the database.", 'start': 1031.143, 'duration': 6.643}, {'end': 1042.542, 'text': 'For instance, imagine you have updated a record in the customers table.', 'start': 1038.939, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 1047.409, 'text': 'Say you wish to change the last name of the fourth customer from Winfield to Johnson.', 'start': 1043.064, 'duration': 4.345}, {'end': 1053.897, 'text': 'If you are an administrator, you can do that with the help of the update clause.', 'start': 1050.293, 'duration': 3.604}, {'end': 1058.142, 'text': 'And you will see Johnson appear in the place of Winfield.', 'start': 1055.539, 'duration': 2.603}], 'summary': 'Committing changes in the database updates customer records, e.g., changing the last name from winfield to johnson.', 'duration': 26.999, 'max_score': 1031.143, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI1031143.jpg'}, {'end': 1123.974, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1098.681, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1105.883, 'text': 'The transaction control language clause that will let you make a step back and restore the database to the last committed state is rollback.', 'start': 1098.681, 'duration': 7.202}, {'end': 1110.824, 'text': "This allows you to undo any changes you have made but don't want to be saved permanently.", 'start': 1106.483, 'duration': 4.341}, {'end': 1114.481, 'text': 'To apply this command, type rollback.', 'start': 1112.298, 'duration': 2.183}, {'end': 1123.974, 'text': 'Be careful when using the statement because it will revert to the last committed state and all the changes made in the meantime will be removed.', 'start': 1116.404, 'duration': 7.57}], 'summary': 'Rollback command reverts database to last committed state, undoing changes not saved permanently.', 'duration': 25.293, 'max_score': 1098.681, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI1098681.jpg'}, {'end': 1186.78, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1163.246, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1171.451, 'text': 'creation and manipulation of data, assignment and removal of permissions to use this data, and saving and restoring changes to a database.', 'start': 1163.246, 'duration': 8.205}, {'end': 1180.436, 'text': 'These lectures served well to give you a good overall technical idea of why SQL is used widely across companies and institutions around the world.', 'start': 1172.051, 'duration': 8.385}, {'end': 1186.78, 'text': 'If you found this video interesting and want to gain an edge in your career, make sure to like, comment, and subscribe.', 'start': 1181.237, 'duration': 5.543}], 'summary': 'Sql is widely used for data manipulation, permissions, and database changes, benefiting careers globally.', 'duration': 23.534, 'max_score': 1163.246, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI1163246.jpg'}], 'start': 797.484, 'title': 'Sql server, privileges, and transactions', 'summary': 'Covers localhost server, user privileges in sql, transaction control, granting and revoking permissions, commit and rollback statements, and the significance of sql in data management.', 'chapters': [{'end': 957.668, 'start': 797.484, 'title': 'Localhost server and user privileges in sql', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of a localhost server, the difference between local and external servers, and demonstrates how to grant specific privileges to a user in sql, restricting their access to certain database resources.', 'duration': 160.184, 'highlights': ['The difference between local and external servers is explained, with external servers being specially designed to store large amounts of data.', 'A demonstration of creating a user in SQL and granting specific rights to that user, such as allowing only the SELECT statement for a specific table, is provided.', 'The concept that users with complete rights to a database are database administrators is highlighted, indicating their ability to perform various operations such as create, drop, truncate, select, insert, and alter.']}, {'end': 1192.003, 'start': 958.349, 'title': 'Sql transaction control', 'summary': 'Covers the concepts of granting and revoking permissions in sql, the usage of commit and rollback statements, along with their implications on database changes, and concludes with an overview of the significance of sql in data management.', 'duration': 233.654, 'highlights': ['The commit statement in SQL saves changes made with insert, delete, or update clauses permanently on the database, allowing other users to access the modified data. This is crucial for database administrators, who may need to use commit 20 times per day.', 'The revoke clause in SQL is used to revoke permissions and privileges of database users, providing the ability to remove access previously granted to users. It is the exact opposite of the grant statement and is essential for maintaining database security.', 'The rollback statement in SQL allows users to undo changes made to the database that they do not wish to be saved permanently, reverting to the last non-committed state. It is important to use caution with this statement as it can undo multiple executed statements.', 'The lecture provides an overview of how SQL, with its DDL, DML, DCL, and TCL statements, encompasses the creation, manipulation, permission assignment, and restoration of changes to databases, illustrating the broad range of applications for SQL in various organizations.', 'The tutorial concludes with a reminder of the significance of SQL in data management, emphasizing its widespread usage across companies and institutions globally, and encourages viewers to engage with the content for further learning opportunities.']}], 'duration': 394.519, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/cWMCHbxMiMI/pics/cWMCHbxMiMI797484.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial concludes with a reminder of the significance of SQL in data management, emphasizing its widespread usage across companies and institutions globally, and encourages viewers to engage with the content for further learning opportunities.', 'The lecture provides an overview of how SQL, with its DDL, DML, DCL, and TCL statements, encompasses the creation, manipulation, permission assignment, and restoration of changes to databases, illustrating the broad range of applications for SQL in various organizations.', 'The commit statement in SQL saves changes made with insert, delete, or update clauses permanently on the database, allowing other users to access the modified data. This is crucial for database administrators, who may need to use commit 20 times per day.', 'The revoke clause in SQL is used to revoke permissions and privileges of database users, providing the ability to remove access previously granted to users. It is the exact opposite of the grant statement and is essential for maintaining database security.', 'The rollback statement in SQL allows users to undo changes made to the database that they do not wish to be saved permanently, reverting to the last non-committed state. It is important to use caution with this statement as it can undo multiple executed statements.', 'A demonstration of creating a user in SQL and granting specific rights to that user, such as allowing only the SELECT statement for a specific table, is provided.', 'The concept that users with complete rights to a database are database administrators is highlighted, indicating their ability to perform various operations such as create, drop, truncate, select, insert, and alter.', 'The difference between local and external servers is explained, with external servers being specially designed to store large amounts of data.']}], 'highlights': ['SQL is mainly regarded as a declarative programming language, it is non-procedural, focusing on what result you want to obtain.', 'The Data Definition Language (DDL) in SQL includes the create, alter, drop, rename, and truncate statements, which respectively create, modify, delete, rename, and remove data from databases and their elements.', 'The SELECT statement allows the retrieval of data from database objects, such as tables, and the ability to extract specific records from the table.', 'The commit statement in SQL saves changes made with insert, delete, or update clauses permanently on the database, allowing other users to access the modified data. This is crucial for database administrators, who may need to use commit 20 times per day.']}