title
Data Structures & Algorithms #1 - What Are Data Structures?

description
Data structures and algorithms tutorial #1 - let's go! Check out Brilliant.org, a website for learning computer science concepts through solving problems: https://brilliant.org/csdojo/ Special thanks to Brilliant for sponsoring this video.

detail
{'title': 'Data Structures & Algorithms #1 - What Are Data Structures?', 'heatmap': [{'end': 250.176, 'start': 207.174, 'weight': 0.992}, {'end': 531.444, 'start': 513.985, 'weight': 0.717}], 'summary': 'Covers data structures, storage options, shortest path computation, and an efficient party tracking system using practical examples and real-world applications such as google maps, illustrating the importance of algorithms and data structures in writing efficient software.', 'chapters': [{'end': 243.089, 'segs': [{'end': 42.735, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.329, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 0.91, 'text': 'Hey YouTube!', 'start': 0.329, 'duration': 0.581}, {'end': 9.455, 'text': "Just in case you're new here my name is YK and I was formerly a software developer at Google and now I work on this YouTube channel full-time.", 'start': 1.33, 'duration': 8.125}, {'end': 14.719, 'text': 'And welcome to my data structures and algorithm series number one what are data structures?', 'start': 10.056, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 22.944, 'text': "So a one-sentence description of what data structures are would be that they're basically different ways of storing data on your computer.", 'start': 15.219, 'duration': 7.725}, {'end': 28.248, 'text': 'And this sentence might not be too clear right now, so let me give you a more concrete example here.', 'start': 23.645, 'duration': 4.603}, {'end': 33.49, 'text': "let's say you want to make a system that's sort of like google maps for your neighborhood.", 'start': 28.988, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 41.114, 'text': "and let's say, your neighborhood looks like this so your home is here and there's a store here and another store here and so on.", 'start': 33.49, 'duration': 7.624}, {'end': 42.735, 'text': 'and there are some streets too.', 'start': 41.114, 'duration': 1.621}], 'summary': 'Yk, a former google developer, explains data structures as different ways of storing data on a computer, using a google maps analogy.', 'duration': 42.406, 'max_score': 0.329, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A329.jpg'}, {'end': 94.163, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 68.148, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 77.993, 'text': 'As you can see from this table, you can tell that the latitude of home is 49.2 and the longitude of home is minus 123.4 and so on.', 'start': 68.148, 'duration': 9.845}, {'end': 88.499, 'text': 'Now from this table-like information you can tell where each location is exactly, where each point is exactly,', 'start': 80.194, 'duration': 8.305}, {'end': 94.163, 'text': "but you can't tell how these locations are connected with streets and where the streets are exactly.", 'start': 88.499, 'duration': 5.664}], 'summary': 'Latitude of home is 49.2 and longitude is -123.4, showing exact locations but not street connections.', 'duration': 26.015, 'max_score': 68.148, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A68148.jpg'}, {'end': 243.089, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 202.228, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 206.573, 'text': 'And so these are simplified examples of what data structures look like.', 'start': 202.228, 'duration': 4.345}, {'end': 209.557, 'text': "Now, if you're already familiar with data structures,", 'start': 207.174, 'duration': 2.383}, {'end': 219.669, 'text': 'you might notice that the first method corresponds to the array or lists data structure and the second method corresponds to the hash table or hash map data structure.', 'start': 209.557, 'duration': 10.112}, {'end': 228.217, 'text': "Okay, so that's one simple example of what data structures are, but this video series is called data structures and algorithms.", 'start': 220.39, 'duration': 7.827}, {'end': 229.838, 'text': 'So what are algorithms?', 'start': 228.737, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 239.606, 'text': 'One way to define what they are would be that they are the operations we can perform on different data structures and the sets of instructions for executing them.', 'start': 230.719, 'duration': 8.887}, {'end': 243.089, 'text': 'So one example here might be something like this.', 'start': 240.507, 'duration': 2.582}], 'summary': 'Introduction to data structures and algorithms, including array, list, hash table, and algorithms.', 'duration': 40.861, 'max_score': 202.228, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A202228.jpg'}], 'start': 0.329, 'title': 'Data structures and storage options', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of data structures and their importance, using the example of creating a google maps-like system, and discusses different data storage options and corresponding structures such as arrays and hash tables.', 'chapters': [{'end': 94.163, 'start': 0.329, 'title': 'Data structures and algorithms', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of data structures as different ways of storing data, using the example of creating a google maps-like system for a neighborhood, and explaining the importance of understanding the connections between locations and streets.', 'duration': 93.834, 'highlights': ['Data structures are essentially different ways of storing data on a computer, such as coordinates for locations in a neighborhood.', 'The example of creating a system similar to Google Maps for a neighborhood with one-way and two-way streets illustrates the practical application of data structures.', 'Understanding data structures is crucial for determining how locations are connected with streets and their exact coordinates.']}, {'end': 243.089, 'start': 94.803, 'title': 'Data storage options and structures', 'summary': 'Discusses different options for storing data, including list-like and table-like formats, and explains how they correspond to different data structures such as arrays and hash tables.', 'duration': 148.286, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses different options for storing data, including list-like and table-like formats.', 'The first method corresponds to the array or lists data structure and the second method corresponds to the hash table or hash map data structure.', 'Algorithms are the operations we can perform on different data structures and the sets of instructions for executing them.']}], 'duration': 242.76, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A329.jpg', 'highlights': ['Understanding data structures is crucial for determining how locations are connected with streets and their exact coordinates.', 'The example of creating a system similar to Google Maps for a neighborhood with one-way and two-way streets illustrates the practical application of data structures.', 'The chapter discusses different options for storing data, including list-like and table-like formats.', 'Algorithms are the operations we can perform on different data structures and the sets of instructions for executing them.', 'Data structures are essentially different ways of storing data on a computer, such as coordinates for locations in a neighborhood.']}, {'end': 519.827, 'segs': [{'end': 285.425, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 243.75, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 250.176, 'text': "Coming back to the previous example we had, let's say you want to find the shortest path from home to school.", 'start': 243.75, 'duration': 6.426}, {'end': 253.459, 'text': 'Solving this problem by hand is pretty easy.', 'start': 250.937, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 258.623, 'text': 'Pretty much right away, you can see that there are three potential paths from home to school.', 'start': 253.979, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 263.708, 'text': 'One of them is this one, just go to store A, store B, and then school.', 'start': 259.384, 'duration': 4.324}, {'end': 267.371, 'text': 'Another one is this one, store B, and then school.', 'start': 264.649, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 272.997, 'text': 'And another one, the other one, is from home to intersection to school.', 'start': 268.152, 'duration': 4.845}, {'end': 280.584, 'text': 'And for these three paths, just compare the distance that you need to travel for each of these paths, and then pick the shortest one.', 'start': 273.677, 'duration': 6.907}, {'end': 285.425, 'text': 'And to compute the distance that you need to travel for each of these paths.', 'start': 281.284, 'duration': 4.141}], 'summary': 'Finding the shortest path from home to school involves comparing three potential paths and picking the shortest one.', 'duration': 41.675, 'max_score': 243.75, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A243750.jpg'}, {'end': 400.57, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 369.151, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 374.994, 'text': 'Basically, you have a problem you want to solve, in this case, finding the shortest path from home to school,', 'start': 369.151, 'duration': 5.843}, {'end': 379.296, 'text': 'and then you have a set of systematic instructions for solving that problem.', 'start': 374.994, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 387.881, 'text': "Now, one thing to note here is that, depending on what data structure you're using to store the data that you're performing,", 'start': 379.857, 'duration': 8.024}, {'end': 391.923, 'text': 'the algorithm on your algorithm might look slightly differently.', 'start': 387.881, 'duration': 4.042}, {'end': 400.57, 'text': "You might even have, in some cases, completely different algorithms for solving the same problem depending on what data structure you're using.", 'start': 392.603, 'duration': 7.967}], 'summary': 'Solving shortest path problem depends on data structure used.', 'duration': 31.419, 'max_score': 369.151, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A369151.jpg'}, {'end': 500.962, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 462.09, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 469.872, 'text': 'So in this particular example, using the second structure actually makes it slightly easier to implement the algorithm that we discussed.', 'start': 462.09, 'duration': 7.782}, {'end': 477.294, 'text': "Now, data structures and algorithms are really important to learn because they'll help you write efficient software as a software developer.", 'start': 470.632, 'duration': 6.662}, {'end': 485.977, 'text': 'So for example, when I was working at Microsoft as a data science intern, I had to write this piece of code to retrieve some data.', 'start': 477.914, 'duration': 8.063}, {'end': 494.42, 'text': "And when I wrote it, originally it was taking like seven to 10 hours, and basically it was too slow because we didn't want to wait that long.", 'start': 486.857, 'duration': 7.563}, {'end': 500.962, 'text': 'So I rewrote it using my knowledge of data structures and algorithms and after rewriting it,', 'start': 495.22, 'duration': 5.742}], 'summary': 'Data structures and algorithms improved code efficiency, reducing retrieval time from 7-10 hours.', 'duration': 38.872, 'max_score': 462.09, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A462090.jpg'}], 'start': 243.75, 'title': 'Shortest path computation', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of finding the shortest path from home to school, illustrating three potential paths and explaining the need for systematic computation, using longitudes and latitudes to find the distance in kilometers. it also explains the importance of algorithms and data structures in writing efficient software, based on a personal experience at microsoft.', 'chapters': [{'end': 303.69, 'start': 243.75, 'title': 'Shortest path problem', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of finding the shortest path from home to school, illustrating three potential paths and explaining the need for systematic computation, using longitudes and latitudes to find the distance in kilometers.', 'duration': 59.94, 'highlights': ['Finding the shortest path from home to school involves comparing the distance of potential paths and picking the shortest one, which can be computed using the longitudes and latitudes of each place.', 'Solving the shortest path problem by hand is relatively easy due to the straightforward comparison of the distances of potential paths and selecting the shortest one.']}, {'end': 519.827, 'start': 304.25, 'title': 'Algorithm and data structures', 'summary': 'Explains how to find the shortest path from home to school using systematic instructions and data structures, highlighting the importance of algorithms and data structures in writing efficient software, based on a personal experience at microsoft.', 'duration': 215.577, 'highlights': ['The importance of algorithms and data structures in writing efficient software is emphasized through a personal experience at Microsoft, where a piece of code was rewritten to load data in 5 to 10 minutes, significantly faster than the original 7 to 10 hours.', 'An example of finding the shortest path from home to school using systematic instructions and data structures is provided, illustrating the concept of an algorithm as a systematic set of instructions to solve a problem.', 'The chapter discusses the importance of learning data structures and algorithms in practical software development, emphasizing their usefulness in various real-world scenarios encountered by software developers.']}], 'duration': 276.077, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A243750.jpg', 'highlights': ['The importance of algorithms and data structures in writing efficient software is emphasized through a personal experience at Microsoft, where a piece of code was rewritten to load data in 5 to 10 minutes, significantly faster than the original 7 to 10 hours.', 'The chapter discusses the importance of learning data structures and algorithms in practical software development, emphasizing their usefulness in various real-world scenarios encountered by software developers.', 'Finding the shortest path from home to school involves comparing the distance of potential paths and picking the shortest one, which can be computed using the longitudes and latitudes of each place.', 'An example of finding the shortest path from home to school using systematic instructions and data structures is provided, illustrating the concept of an algorithm as a systematic set of instructions to solve a problem.', 'Solving the shortest path problem by hand is relatively easy due to the straightforward comparison of the distances of potential paths and selecting the shortest one.']}, {'end': 994.105, 'segs': [{'end': 699.266, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 609.364, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 614.39, 'text': "and this is actually sort of like a data structure that's realized in real life,", 'start': 609.364, 'duration': 5.026}, {'end': 620.158, 'text': 'and this actually corresponds to the data structure called array in computer science.', 'start': 614.39, 'duration': 5.768}, {'end': 629.006, 'text': "and here's another idea you have you get a bunch of boxes, And this time, instead of getting a long box with many, many partitions,", 'start': 620.158, 'duration': 8.848}, {'end': 633.528, 'text': 'you want to get individual boxes that are connected with strings.', 'start': 629.006, 'duration': 4.522}, {'end': 640.973, 'text': "So the first box is connected to the second box with a string, and that's connected to the third box with a string and so on.", 'start': 633.949, 'duration': 7.024}, {'end': 650.298, 'text': "And just like before, you want to put these tokens with participants' names written on them in these boxes just one by one in the order they came in.", 'start': 641.313, 'duration': 8.985}, {'end': 655.74, 'text': "So, David's token will come in here and Kevin's ball will come in here and so on.", 'start': 650.838, 'duration': 4.902}, {'end': 663.943, 'text': "And this sort of data structure that's realized in real life corresponds to the linked list data structure in computer science.", 'start': 656.2, 'duration': 7.743}, {'end': 669.665, 'text': 'Okay, so the natural question here would be which data structure should you use for this party?', 'start': 664.623, 'duration': 5.042}, {'end': 676.789, 'text': 'Well, it actually depends, because it highly depends on the particular situation and the nature of the party really.', 'start': 670.385, 'duration': 6.404}, {'end': 680.872, 'text': 'And each data structure has advantages and disadvantages.', 'start': 677.27, 'duration': 3.602}, {'end': 682.914, 'text': 'Okay, think about this situation.', 'start': 681.453, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 687.557, 'text': "Let's say 100 people showed up to your party and you're pretty happy about it.", 'start': 683.534, 'duration': 4.023}, {'end': 692.861, 'text': "But suddenly, you realize that the 98th person's ball had been misspelled.", 'start': 688.177, 'duration': 4.684}, {'end': 694.702, 'text': "That person's name had been misspelled.", 'start': 693.121, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 695.883, 'text': 'So you want to fix that.', 'start': 695.023, 'duration': 0.86}, {'end': 699.266, 'text': "With the array data structure, it's actually pretty easy.", 'start': 696.464, 'duration': 2.802}], 'summary': 'Real-life examples illustrate array and linked list data structures in computer science.', 'duration': 89.902, 'max_score': 609.364, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A609364.jpg'}, {'end': 875.581, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 850.35, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 855.334, 'text': "And then after that, add the additional five people's tokens in the new box.", 'start': 850.35, 'duration': 4.984}, {'end': 865.418, 'text': "And in general, if you have no idea how many people are coming to the party, let's say anywhere between 5 to 1, 000 people.", 'start': 856.375, 'duration': 9.043}, {'end': 870.359, 'text': 'the linked lists data structure might be slightly more convenient than the array,', 'start': 865.418, 'duration': 4.941}, {'end': 875.581, 'text': 'because linked lists are so much easier to resize than it is to resize arrays.', 'start': 870.359, 'duration': 5.222}], 'summary': 'Add 5 tokens to new box. linked lists are easier to resize than arrays.', 'duration': 25.231, 'max_score': 850.35, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A850350.jpg'}, {'end': 930.689, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 898.706, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 900.907, 'text': 'memory and maybe even some code snippets too.', 'start': 898.706, 'duration': 2.201}, {'end': 905.21, 'text': "Now, if you're just getting started with data structures and algorithms,", 'start': 901.667, 'duration': 3.543}, {'end': 911.736, 'text': "one thing to keep in mind that's actually really important is to apply what you've learned through solving problems.", 'start': 905.21, 'duration': 6.526}, {'end': 923.007, 'text': "And the reason I say that is because it's so common for beginners to learn these concepts and not actually be able to use them in a real world situation because they haven't had enough practice.", 'start': 912.357, 'duration': 10.65}, {'end': 930.689, 'text': "And actually, this video's sponsor, Brilliant.org, has an interesting website for learning these concepts in a sort of a new way.", 'start': 923.487, 'duration': 7.202}], 'summary': 'Practice applying data structures and algorithms to real-world problems is crucial for beginners. brilliant.org offers an alternative approach to learn these concepts.', 'duration': 31.983, 'max_score': 898.706, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A898706.jpg'}], 'start': 520.407, 'title': 'Efficient party tracking system', 'summary': 'Discusses using arrays and linked lists to efficiently track party participants with tokens, highlighting advantages and practical applications while providing a recommended online resource for learning computer science.', 'chapters': [{'end': 655.74, 'start': 520.407, 'title': 'Efficient party tracking system', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of using different data structures, such as arrays and linked lists, to efficiently keep track of participants at a party by storing tokens with names written on them, with one box with partitions representing an array and individual connected boxes representing a linked list.', 'duration': 135.333, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of using different data structures, such as arrays and linked lists, to efficiently keep track of participants at a party.', "The concept of using a long box with partitions to store tokens with participants' names written on them is presented as a realization of the data structure called an array in computer science.", "The idea of using individual boxes connected with strings to store tokens with participants' names written on them is introduced as representing the data structure called a linked list in computer science."]}, {'end': 994.105, 'start': 656.2, 'title': 'Choosing data structures for party', 'summary': 'Discusses the choice between array and linked list data structures for managing a party, highlighting advantages and disadvantages in scenarios of fixing misspelled names and handling unexpected guests, concluding with the importance of practical application and a recommended online resource for learning computer science.', 'duration': 337.905, 'highlights': ['Linked list is more convenient than array for resizing and adding elements, making it suitable for handling uncertain number of guests.', 'Array data structure is suitable for easily fixing misspelled names by directly accessing and replacing the element at the calculated position.', 'The importance of practical application of data structure concepts is emphasized for beginners, with a recommended online resource, Brilliant.org, for learning computer science.']}], 'duration': 473.698, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/bum_19loj9A/pics/bum_19loj9A520407.jpg', 'highlights': ['Linked list is more convenient than array for resizing and adding elements, making it suitable for handling uncertain number of guests.', 'Array data structure is suitable for easily fixing misspelled names by directly accessing and replacing the element at the calculated position.', 'The importance of practical application of data structure concepts is emphasized for beginners, with a recommended online resource, Brilliant.org, for learning computer science.', 'The chapter introduces the concept of using different data structures, such as arrays and linked lists, to efficiently keep track of participants at a party.', "The concept of using a long box with partitions to store tokens with participants' names written on them is presented as a realization of the data structure called an array in computer science.", "The idea of using individual boxes connected with strings to store tokens with participants' names written on them is introduced as representing the data structure called a linked list in computer science."]}], 'highlights': ['The importance of algorithms and data structures in writing efficient software is emphasized through a personal experience at Microsoft, where a piece of code was rewritten to load data in 5 to 10 minutes, significantly faster than the original 7 to 10 hours.', 'Understanding data structures is crucial for determining how locations are connected with streets and their exact coordinates.', 'The example of creating a system similar to Google Maps for a neighborhood with one-way and two-way streets illustrates the practical application of data structures.', 'The chapter discusses different options for storing data, including list-like and table-like formats.', 'Finding the shortest path from home to school involves comparing the distance of potential paths and picking the shortest one, which can be computed using the longitudes and latitudes of each place.', 'Linked list is more convenient than array for resizing and adding elements, making it suitable for handling uncertain number of guests.', 'Algorithms are the operations we can perform on different data structures and the sets of instructions for executing them.', "The concept of using a long box with partitions to store tokens with participants' names written on them is presented as a realization of the data structure called an array in computer science.", 'The chapter introduces the concept of using different data structures, such as arrays and linked lists, to efficiently keep track of participants at a party.']}