title
From 2017: Colin Powell on The David Rubenstein Show

description
"The David Rubenstein Show: Peer-to-Peer Conversations" explores successful leadership through the personal and professional choices of the most influential people in business. Renowned financier and philanthropist David Rubenstein travels the country talking to leaders to uncover their stories and their path to success. This episode of season three features Ret. Gen. Colin Powell.

detail
{'title': 'From 2017: Colin Powell on The David Rubenstein Show', 'heatmap': [{'end': 1431.421, 'start': 1398.933, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': "Gen. colin powell's journey is outlined, highlighting his unexpected accolades, service under president reagan, reluctance to consider himself a journalist, remarkable journeys, education, diversity, overcoming racial barriers, resilience, achievements, significant roles in history, strategy in the gulf war, diplomatic options, overwhelming and decisive force, left hook military strategy, role as secretary of state during 9-11 and the iraq invasion, presenting the case for military action to the united nations, regret for flawed intelligence, aftermath of the invasion, and commitment to inspiring and empowering the next generation through the colin powell school at ccny, exemplifying the qualities of great leadership.", 'chapters': [{'end': 54.08, 'segs': [{'end': 54.08, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4.113, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 11.295, 'text': 'Did you ever think that one day you would be the chairman of the Joint Chiefs? It was beyond any possible level of aspiration.', 'start': 4.113, 'duration': 7.182}, {'end': 14.175, 'text': 'People said, this man should be president of the United States.', 'start': 11.415, 'duration': 2.76}, {'end': 15.635, 'text': 'It had never occurred to me.', 'start': 14.435, 'duration': 1.2}, {'end': 18.836, 'text': "Any regrets about not having run? Some people say it's a great job.", 'start': 15.895, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 21.177, 'text': 'No? Prove it.', 'start': 20.316, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 25.457, 'text': 'A new national security advisor came in, and he wanted you as his deputy.', 'start': 21.197, 'duration': 4.26}, {'end': 29.573, 'text': "I said, if it's that important, why doesn't the president call me back? Hello, General Powell.", 'start': 25.618, 'duration': 3.955}, {'end': 31.154, 'text': 'This is Ronald Reagan.', 'start': 30.274, 'duration': 0.88}, {'end': 31.835, 'text': 'Yes, sir.', 'start': 31.455, 'duration': 0.38}, {'end': 37.961, 'text': "Would you fix your tie, please? Well, people wouldn't recognize me if my tie was fixed.", 'start': 33.677, 'duration': 4.284}, {'end': 40.764, 'text': 'Just leave it this way.', 'start': 39.943, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 42.566, 'text': 'All right.', 'start': 42.285, 'duration': 0.281}, {'end': 50.854, 'text': "I don't consider myself a journalist.", 'start': 49.352, 'duration': 1.502}, {'end': 54.08, 'text': 'and nobody else would consider myself a journalist.', 'start': 52.099, 'duration': 1.981}], 'summary': "General powell's journey to leadership and his interactions with presidents.", 'duration': 49.967, 'max_score': 4.113, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q4113.jpg'}], 'start': 4.113, 'title': "Gen. colin powell's journey", 'summary': "Outlines gen. colin powell's unexpected accolades, service under president reagan, and reluctance to consider himself a journalist.", 'chapters': [{'end': 54.08, 'start': 4.113, 'title': 'Gen. colin powell: from soldier to statesman', 'summary': "Outlines gen. colin powell's journey from unexpected accolades to serving under president reagan, and his reluctance to consider himself a journalist.", 'duration': 49.967, 'highlights': ["Gen. Colin Powell's unexpected rise to become chairman of the Joint Chiefs and being considered for the presidency.", 'His reluctance and disinterest in pursuing the job of the president of the United States.', 'The story of President Reagan personally requesting Gen. Powell to fix his tie, showcasing his down-to-earth demeanor.']}], 'duration': 49.967, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q4113.jpg', 'highlights': ["Gen. Colin Powell's unexpected rise to become chairman of the Joint Chiefs and being considered for the presidency.", 'The story of President Reagan personally requesting Gen. Powell to fix his tie, showcasing his down-to-earth demeanor.', 'His reluctance and disinterest in pursuing the job of the president of the United States.']}, {'end': 625.419, 'segs': [{'end': 84.336, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 54.82, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 60.522, 'text': 'I began to take on the life of being an interviewer, even though I have a day job running a private equity firm.', 'start': 54.82, 'duration': 5.702}, {'end': 64.583, 'text': 'How do you define leadership?', 'start': 63.203, 'duration': 1.38}, {'end': 67.604, 'text': 'What is it that makes somebody tick?', 'start': 66.023, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 79.112, 'text': "We're here today at City College, a place that you graduated from a number of years ago.", 'start': 75.029, 'duration': 4.083}, {'end': 79.853, 'text': 'Thank you, David.', 'start': 79.332, 'duration': 0.521}, {'end': 84.336, 'text': 'Why did you pick City College? I was accepted at CCNY, and I was accepted at NYU.', 'start': 80.073, 'duration': 4.263}], 'summary': 'Interviewer with day job in private equity firm, discussing leadership and education at city college.', 'duration': 29.516, 'max_score': 54.82, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q54820.jpg'}, {'end': 154.891, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 130.097, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 138.802, 'text': 'I learned a little bit of Yiddish working for six years in another corner of the South Bronx, a place called Jay Sixers,', 'start': 130.097, 'duration': 8.705}, {'end': 142.604, 'text': 'which sold juvenile furniture and carriages and toys.', 'start': 138.802, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 144.125, 'text': 'He was a Russian Jew.', 'start': 143.125, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 146.046, 'text': 'It was me.', 'start': 145.446, 'duration': 0.6}, {'end': 149.988, 'text': 'There was an Irish driver and an Italian salesman in the store.', 'start': 146.146, 'duration': 3.842}, {'end': 154.891, 'text': "And one story I love to tell is after I'd been doing this for a couple of years with Jay,", 'start': 150.929, 'duration': 3.962}], 'summary': 'Worked for 6 years in a south bronx store selling juvenile furniture and toys, with a russian jew as the owner.', 'duration': 24.794, 'max_score': 130.097, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q130097.jpg'}, {'end': 224.573, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 195.126, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 201.488, 'text': 'Did you ever think that one day you would be the chairman of the Joint Chiefs and the Secretary of State of the United States? No.', 'start': 195.126, 'duration': 6.362}, {'end': 203.088, 'text': 'People ask me about this all the time.', 'start': 201.668, 'duration': 1.42}, {'end': 207.97, 'text': "It usually starts out with, what year did you graduate from West Point? Well, I didn't go to West Point.", 'start': 203.128, 'duration': 4.842}, {'end': 210.47, 'text': "I couldn't have aspired to go to West Point.", 'start': 208.45, 'duration': 2.02}, {'end': 218.713, 'text': "Well, did you go to Citadel or did you go to Texas A&M or Virginia Military Institute? I said, no, they wouldn't let black guys in then.", 'start': 211.131, 'duration': 7.582}, {'end': 224.573, 'text': 'It was beyond any possible level of aspiration or expectation, but it happened.', 'start': 219.429, 'duration': 5.144}], 'summary': 'From facing barriers to becoming chairman of joint chiefs and secretary of state.', 'duration': 29.447, 'max_score': 195.126, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q195126.jpg'}, {'end': 258.853, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 233.019, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 239.263, 'text': 'Elementary school, junior high school, high school, and then CCNY let me in with my modest average.', 'start': 233.019, 'duration': 6.244}, {'end': 243.015, 'text': 'And it was ROTC and CCNY that really made the difference.', 'start': 240.014, 'duration': 3.001}, {'end': 244.216, 'text': 'You were a geology major.', 'start': 243.036, 'duration': 1.18}, {'end': 250.259, 'text': 'Did you think you were going to go into the geology world? No, I was a geology major because I busted out of civil engineering, okay? Now you know.', 'start': 244.296, 'duration': 5.963}, {'end': 253.381, 'text': "That didn't need to come up, David.", 'start': 252.08, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 254.041, 'text': 'Thank you very much.', 'start': 253.401, 'duration': 0.64}, {'end': 258.853, 'text': "When you graduated, when you're in ROTC, you have an obligation to go into the military.", 'start': 254.773, 'duration': 4.08}], 'summary': 'Attended multiple schools, entered ccny with modest average, rotc and ccny were pivotal, transitioned from civil engineering to geology major, rotc graduation entails military service.', 'duration': 25.834, 'max_score': 233.019, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q233019.jpg'}, {'end': 332.044, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 309.687, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 320.335, 'text': 'the accommodations Act was signed in July, just before July 4th, and on July 5th I went back to that hamburger joint and they served me.', 'start': 309.687, 'duration': 10.648}, {'end': 327.42, 'text': 'and what what America discovered is that segregation was not just a burden for blacks, it was a burden for whites.', 'start': 320.335, 'duration': 7.085}, {'end': 328.841, 'text': "we're living in a crazy system.", 'start': 327.42, 'duration': 1.421}, {'end': 332.044, 'text': 'you went to Vietnam and you were injured.', 'start': 328.841, 'duration': 3.203}], 'summary': 'The accommodations act was signed in july, just before july 4th. segregation was a burden for both blacks and whites. a vietnam veteran was injured.', 'duration': 22.357, 'max_score': 309.687, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q309687.jpg'}, {'end': 381.873, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 354.063, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 356.545, 'text': 'In my case, I worked in the Office of Management and Budget.', 'start': 354.063, 'duration': 2.482}, {'end': 359.582, 'text': 'And I learned a lot about government in that year.', 'start': 357.541, 'duration': 2.041}, {'end': 365.165, 'text': 'After your White House fellowship, you did what? I went to Korea to command an infantry battalion in Korea.', 'start': 359.902, 'duration': 5.263}, {'end': 370.588, 'text': "That's a year that I've considered one of the most rewarding years I've had in the Army.", 'start': 365.185, 'duration': 5.403}, {'end': 376.19, 'text': 'We were just starting out in the Volunteer Army, and it was my opportunity not only to train these young people,', 'start': 370.608, 'duration': 5.582}, {'end': 380.413, 'text': 'but to give them a GED education and English as a second language.', 'start': 376.19, 'duration': 4.223}, {'end': 381.873, 'text': 'You eventually went to Europe.', 'start': 380.913, 'duration': 0.96}], 'summary': 'Served in omb, led infantry in korea, provided education to troops, and later deployed to europe.', 'duration': 27.81, 'max_score': 354.063, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q354063.jpg'}, {'end': 606.347, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 575.182, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 580.967, 'text': "And I'm at a conference in Baltimore area with all the Army senior four stars.", 'start': 575.182, 'duration': 5.785}, {'end': 581.788, 'text': 'And I get a call.', 'start': 581.067, 'duration': 0.721}, {'end': 586.853, 'text': 'Secretary Cheney, now the new Secretary of Defense, wants to see you.', 'start': 582.629, 'duration': 4.224}, {'end': 589.195, 'text': 'And so I said, uh-oh.', 'start': 587.834, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 594.339, 'text': 'So I go to the Pentagon in chinos and a polo shirt and go into his office.', 'start': 589.415, 'duration': 4.924}, {'end': 597.042, 'text': 'And he says, President Bush wants to make you the chairman.', 'start': 594.38, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 606.347, 'text': 'All of a sudden, when you were doing your book tour, people said this man should be President of the United States.', 'start': 601.124, 'duration': 5.223}], 'summary': 'Received offer to become chairman from secretary cheney at a conference in baltimore.', 'duration': 31.165, 'max_score': 575.182, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q575182.jpg'}], 'start': 54.82, 'title': 'Remarkable journeys', 'summary': 'Highlights the journeys of an interviewer and colin powell, emphasizing education, diversity, overcoming racial barriers, resilience, achievements, and significant roles in history.', 'chapters': [{'end': 194.986, 'start': 54.82, 'title': "Interviewer's journey and lessons", 'summary': "Highlights the interviewer's journey from a private equity firm to becoming an interviewer, his experience at city college, and the impactful advice he received, emphasizing the value of education and diversity.", 'duration': 140.166, 'highlights': ['The interviewer discusses his decision to attend City College over NYU due to financial constraints, highlighting the impact of his immigrant background and the value of free education.', 'The interviewer shares a touching story of advice he received from a Russian Jew, emphasizing the importance of education and personal growth, showcasing the lasting impact of mentorship.', 'The interviewer reflects on the diversity of New York and City College, shaping his perspective on multiculturalism and the value of exposure to different backgrounds and cultures.']}, {'end': 625.419, 'start': 195.126, 'title': "Colin powell's remarkable journey", 'summary': "Illustrates colin powell's journey, from overcoming racial barriers in education and the military to eventually becoming the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff and the secretary of state, highlighting his resilience, achievements, and significant roles in history.", 'duration': 430.293, 'highlights': ["Colin Powell's journey from overcoming racial barriers in education and the military to becoming the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of State Colin Powell reflects on his upbringing, overcoming racial barriers in education and the military, and eventually rising to become the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of State, marking a remarkable journey of resilience and achievement.", "Impact of quality public school education and ROTC in shaping Colin Powell's career Powell attributes his success to a quality public school education and his experience with ROTC at CCNY, emphasizing the pivotal role of these factors in shaping his career.", 'Encountering racial segregation and discrimination in the military and society Powell recounts experiences of racial segregation and discrimination during his military service, highlighting the challenges and injustices he faced, including being denied service at establishments and the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.', "Significant career milestones, including serving as a White House fellow and commanding an infantry battalion in Korea Powell's significant career milestones include serving as a White House fellow, commanding an infantry battalion in Korea, and working for the Secretary of Defense, reflecting his diverse and impactful roles in the military and government.", "Appointment as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of State Powell's appointment as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of State reflects his pivotal leadership roles in shaping U.S. military and foreign policy, underscoring his historical significance and influence in government."]}], 'duration': 570.599, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q54820.jpg', 'highlights': ["Colin Powell's journey from overcoming racial barriers in education and the military to becoming the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of State.", 'The interviewer reflects on the diversity of New York and City College, shaping his perspective on multiculturalism and the value of exposure to different backgrounds and cultures.', 'The interviewer discusses his decision to attend City College over NYU due to financial constraints, highlighting the impact of his immigrant background and the value of free education.', 'The interviewer shares a touching story of advice he received from a Russian Jew, emphasizing the importance of education and personal growth, showcasing the lasting impact of mentorship.', 'Powell attributes his success to a quality public school education and his experience with ROTC at CCNY, emphasizing the pivotal role of these factors in shaping his career.', "Colin Powell's significant career milestones include serving as a White House fellow, commanding an infantry battalion in Korea, and working for the Secretary of Defense, reflecting his diverse and impactful roles in the military and government.", "Powell's appointment as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of State reflects his pivotal leadership roles in shaping U.S. military and foreign policy, underscoring his historical significance and influence in government.", 'Powell recounts experiences of racial segregation and discrimination during his military service, highlighting the challenges and injustices he faced, including being denied service at establishments and the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.']}, {'end': 826.228, 'segs': [{'end': 663.934, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 636.187, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 640.652, 'text': 'Early in the Bush administration, Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait.', 'start': 636.187, 'duration': 4.465}, {'end': 645.538, 'text': 'And was it clear to you that we should go in and try to kick him out??', 'start': 641.073, 'duration': 4.465}, {'end': 652.205, 'text': 'Well, it was clear to me that this was a horrible invasion and could not be allowed to stand.', 'start': 646.338, 'duration': 5.867}, {'end': 656.49, 'text': "And the first challenge was to make sure he didn't go south into Saudi Arabia.", 'start': 653.326, 'duration': 3.164}, {'end': 663.934, 'text': 'And so General Schwarzkopf was the commander in this region, and he and I were pretty close, and we talked about all of this.', 'start': 657.671, 'duration': 6.263}], 'summary': "Saddam hussein's invasion of kuwait was a clear and horrible act, necessitating action to prevent further aggression.", 'duration': 27.747, 'max_score': 636.187, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q636187.jpg'}, {'end': 707.845, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 678.277, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 684.599, 'text': 'He said what you always say and what you did when we invaded Panama and took out Manuel Noriega.', 'start': 678.277, 'duration': 6.322}, {'end': 691.34, 'text': 'one make sure you go to war after all diplomatic and political possibilities have been dealt with.', 'start': 684.599, 'duration': 6.741}, {'end': 695.942, 'text': 'And there has to be a clear political objective, not just a military objective.', 'start': 692.421, 'duration': 3.521}, {'end': 697.502, 'text': 'And then the second.', 'start': 696.682, 'duration': 0.82}, {'end': 699.499, 'text': 'part of the Powell Doctrine is.', 'start': 697.918, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 707.845, 'text': "I used overwhelming force once, but what I've always said is decisive force so that people don't think you have to sort of have a gazillion people.", 'start': 699.499, 'duration': 8.346}], 'summary': 'Powell doctrine: use overwhelming force once, then decisive force for clear political objectives.', 'duration': 29.568, 'max_score': 678.277, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q678277.jpg'}, {'end': 790.718, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 761.196, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 765.617, 'text': 'And then they had four divisions along the coast, and they were very light.', 'start': 761.196, 'duration': 4.421}, {'end': 772.64, 'text': "All we had to do is fix these two forces in place and go around them, the left hook, as it's also referred to.", 'start': 765.717, 'duration': 6.923}, {'end': 774.287, 'text': "that's what we did.", 'start': 773.286, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 776.468, 'text': 'but to my surprise,', 'start': 774.287, 'duration': 2.181}, {'end': 786.535, 'text': 'the night we launched the ground attack after the air attacks for several weeks and i was expecting that the marines who were right opposite the iraqis,', 'start': 776.468, 'duration': 10.067}, {'end': 790.718, 'text': "they were told, and i told him attack but don't get decisively engaged.", 'start': 786.535, 'duration': 4.183}], 'summary': 'Four divisions along the coast, left hook maneuver, surprise ground attack after weeks of air attacks, marines instructed not to get decisively engaged.', 'duration': 29.522, 'max_score': 761.196, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q761196.jpg'}], 'start': 636.187, 'title': "General powell's strategy in the gulf war", 'summary': "Discusses general powell's approach in the gulf war, emphasizing the importance of exhausting diplomatic options before resorting to overwhelming and decisive force to achieve clear political objectives, and the successful left hook military strategy used to defeat iraqi forces.", 'chapters': [{'end': 718.591, 'start': 636.187, 'title': 'Powell doctrine in the gulf war', 'summary': "Discusses general powell's approach in the gulf war, emphasizing the importance of exhausting diplomatic options before resorting to overwhelming and decisive force to achieve clear political objectives, in the context of the invasion of kuwait by saddam hussein.", 'duration': 82.404, 'highlights': ["General Powell's approach in the Gulf War emphasized the importance of exhausting diplomatic options before resorting to overwhelming and decisive force to achieve clear political objectives, as seen in the invasion of Kuwait by Saddam Hussein.", 'The PAL doctrine, which emphasized the use of overwhelming but decisive force after exhausting diplomatic and political options, was a key factor in the decision to kick Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait.', 'The first challenge in the Gulf War was to ensure that Saddam Hussein did not move south into Saudi Arabia, showcasing the initial strategic focus of the conflict.']}, {'end': 826.228, 'start': 719.331, 'title': 'The gulf war strategy', 'summary': 'Discusses the successful military strategy used during the gulf war, where the iraqi forces were outmaneuvered through a left hook approach, resulting in their defeat due to being strategically outmaneuvered.', 'duration': 106.897, 'highlights': ["The Iraqi forces were strategically outmaneuvered through the left hook approach, resulting in their defeat as air power prevented the movement of their soldiers and the Marines successfully penetrated their fire barriers, ultimately leading to the Iraqi army's defeat.", 'The decision to fix the Iraqi forces in place and go around them, known as the left hook, was a key military maneuver that led to the successful outcome of the conflict.', 'The Marines, despite being instructed not to get decisively engaged, found ways to penetrate the fire barriers set up by the Iraqi army, ultimately leading to their successful exploitation of the situation and the defeat of the Iraqi forces.']}], 'duration': 190.041, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q636187.jpg', 'highlights': ['The left hook approach strategically outmaneuvered Iraqi forces, leading to their defeat.', 'The PAL doctrine emphasized overwhelming but decisive force after exhausting diplomatic options.', "General Powell's approach in the Gulf War emphasized exhausting diplomatic options before resorting to overwhelming force.", "The left hook maneuver, fixing Iraqi forces in place and going around them, was crucial for the conflict's successful outcome.", 'The first challenge in the Gulf War was to ensure Saddam Hussein did not move south into Saudi Arabia.']}, {'end': 1150.816, 'segs': [{'end': 958.595, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 927.957, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 930.339, 'text': 'And it was a very rewarding experience.', 'start': 927.957, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 938.383, 'text': "For the first time in NATO's history, They invoked what is called Article 5,, which said if any member of the alliance is attacked,", 'start': 930.699, 'duration': 7.684}, {'end': 939.284, 'text': 'we are all attacked.', 'start': 938.383, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 940.905, 'text': 'So they were all on our side.', 'start': 939.764, 'duration': 1.141}, {'end': 948.709, 'text': 'Subsequently, we turned our attention to Iraq, and President Bush decided that we would do an invasion of Iraq to go after Saddam Hussein.', 'start': 941.385, 'duration': 7.324}, {'end': 951.931, 'text': 'What I said to the president before that was Mr..', 'start': 948.949, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 958.595, 'text': 'President, you need to understand that if you take out this government, you become responsible as the new government.', 'start': 951.931, 'duration': 6.664}], 'summary': 'Nato invoked article 5 for the first time in history, showing solidarity. president bush decided on an invasion of iraq with a caution about post-war responsibilities.', 'duration': 30.638, 'max_score': 927.957, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q927957.jpg'}, {'end': 1019.616, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 992.93, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 997.196, 'text': 'Before taking military action, he wanted to present our case to the United Nations publicly.', 'start': 992.93, 'duration': 4.266}, {'end': 1000.508, 'text': 'And so on a Thursday afternoon, I was in with him.', 'start': 998.007, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 1003.469, 'text': 'He said, would you take the case next Tuesday? To the UN? Yeah.', 'start': 1000.708, 'duration': 2.761}, {'end': 1008.531, 'text': 'You made the case that Saddam did have, or we thought he had, weapons of mass destruction.', 'start': 1003.629, 'duration': 4.902}, {'end': 1010.972, 'text': "When it turned out he didn't.", 'start': 1008.591, 'duration': 2.381}, {'end': 1013.493, 'text': 'do you think you were embarrassed by that?', 'start': 1010.972, 'duration': 2.521}, {'end': 1015.434, 'text': 'Or do you think that the US was embarrassed?', 'start': 1013.613, 'duration': 1.821}, {'end': 1019.616, 'text': "Or do you think, had we known he didn't have weapons of mass destruction, President Bush would have gone ahead anyway?", 'start': 1015.474, 'duration': 4.142}], 'summary': 'The speaker was asked to present the case for military action at the un, based on the belief that saddam had weapons of mass destruction, which turned out to be false.', 'duration': 26.686, 'max_score': 992.93, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q992930.jpg'}, {'end': 1130.691, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1065.496, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1067.277, 'text': 'So yes, I was more than embarrassed.', 'start': 1065.496, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 1068.437, 'text': 'I was mortified.', 'start': 1067.377, 'duration': 1.06}, {'end': 1076.499, 'text': 'Because, even though the president had used the same information, Congress had used the same information.', 'start': 1069.317, 'duration': 7.182}, {'end': 1081.46, 'text': 'Secretary Rumsfeld, Condoleezza Rice, all of us were using the same information.', 'start': 1076.499, 'duration': 4.961}, {'end': 1084.461, 'text': "But I'm the one who made the biggest presentation of it.", 'start': 1081.92, 'duration': 2.541}, {'end': 1086.741, 'text': 'So it all sort of fell on me.', 'start': 1084.961, 'duration': 1.78}, {'end': 1088.722, 'text': "That's show business, huh?", 'start': 1087.402, 'duration': 1.32}, {'end': 1092.366, 'text': 'but today, in hindsight, would you say the invasion was a mistake?', 'start': 1089.124, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 1097.408, 'text': "I'd say the execution of the invasion was not done properly.", 'start': 1093.026, 'duration': 4.382}, {'end': 1104.571, 'text': 'We abandoned the army without any discussion back in Washington and then we abandoned something worse the Bath Party,', 'start': 1097.668, 'duration': 6.903}, {'end': 1108.473, 'text': 'and said that anybody who worked for the Bath Party could not work in the new government.', 'start': 1104.571, 'duration': 3.902}, {'end': 1119.705, 'text': 'Those were two monstrously bad strategic decisions and we did not have enough force in there to do what we wanted the Iraq army to do,', 'start': 1108.793, 'duration': 10.912}, {'end': 1120.725, 'text': 'and the place fell apart.', 'start': 1119.705, 'duration': 1.02}, {'end': 1123.887, 'text': 'Now, right now, Iraq has a democracy.', 'start': 1121.426, 'duration': 2.461}, {'end': 1126.428, 'text': "It's tricky, but it's a democracy.", 'start': 1124.767, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 1130.691, 'text': 'They have elections, and they are trying to restore order in their country.', 'start': 1126.508, 'duration': 4.183}], 'summary': 'The invasion of iraq was marred by execution mistakes, leading to the fall of the bath party and the army, but iraq now has a tricky democracy and is working on restoring order.', 'duration': 65.195, 'max_score': 1065.496, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q1065496.jpg'}], 'start': 826.889, 'title': "Colin powell's journey and role in iraq war", 'summary': "Narrates colin powell's journey from military accomplishments to his reluctant consideration of running for the presidency, his role as secretary of state during 9-11 and the iraq invasion, and outlines his pivotal role in presenting the case for military action to the united nations, his regret for the flawed intelligence, and the aftermath of the invasion.", 'chapters': [{'end': 948.709, 'start': 826.889, 'title': "Colin powell's american journey", 'summary': "Narrates colin powell's journey from his military accomplishments to his reluctant consideration of running for the presidency and his role as secretary of state during 9-11 and the iraq invasion.", 'duration': 121.82, 'highlights': ["Colin Powell's consideration of running for the presidency was prompted by the media attention received during his book tour. The media attention during Colin Powell's book tour led to people urging him to run for the presidency, despite his lack of initial passion for it.", "Colin Powell's role in the international community's response to 9-11 and the invasion of Iraq was significant, with the historical invocation of NATO's Article 5. Colin Powell's involvement in pulling the international community together after 9-11 and the historic invocation of NATO's Article 5 showcased his pivotal role in global affairs.", "The Republican Party's reluctance to support Colin Powell's presidential run due to his moderate stance. Despite media attention and encouragement, the Republican Party was hesitant to support Colin Powell's presidential bid due to his perceived moderation."]}, {'end': 1150.816, 'start': 948.949, 'title': "Colin powell's role in the iraq war", 'summary': "Outlines colin powell's pivotal role in presenting the case for military action to the united nations, his regret for the flawed intelligence, and the aftermath of the invasion, including his perspective on the mistakes made and the current state of iraq.", 'duration': 201.867, 'highlights': ["Colin Powell presented the case for military action to the United Nations, based on flawed intelligence indicating Saddam Hussein's possession of weapons of mass destruction. Colin Powell presented the case for military action to the United Nations, based on flawed intelligence indicating Saddam Hussein's possession of weapons of mass destruction. He emphasized the need for a diplomatic approach and highlighted the responsibility of taking on a new government, addressing 27 million Iraqis.", 'President Bush agreed to present the case to the United Nations before taking military action, indicating his willingness to pursue a diplomatic approach. President Bush agreed to present the case to the United Nations before taking military action, indicating his willingness to pursue a diplomatic approach. This decision reflects a diplomatic effort to seek international support and legitimacy for military action.', 'Colin Powell expressed regret for the flawed intelligence and the repercussions of the invasion, acknowledging the embarrassment and responsibility he felt due to the presentation of inaccurate information that led to the Iraq War. Colin Powell expressed regret for the flawed intelligence and the repercussions of the invasion, acknowledging the embarrassment and responsibility he felt due to the presentation of inaccurate information that led to the Iraq War. He highlighted the shared use of the same flawed information by the president, Congress, and other officials, underscoring the impact and fallout of the inaccurate intelligence.', 'Colin Powell reflected on the mistakes made during the invasion and its aftermath, particularly the abandonment of the Iraqi army and the Baath Party, leading to the destabilization of Iraq. Colin Powell reflected on the mistakes made during the invasion and its aftermath, particularly the abandonment of the Iraqi army and the Baath Party, leading to the destabilization of Iraq. He emphasized the strategic errors and the lack of sufficient force, outlining the repercussions of these decisions on the post-invasion scenario and the challenges faced in restoring order and governance in Iraq.', 'Colin Powell emphasized the current state of Iraq, acknowledging the existence of a democracy and elections while expressing his hope for a positive outcome despite the flawed execution of the invasion. Colin Powell emphasized the current state of Iraq, acknowledging the existence of a democracy and elections while expressing his hope for a positive outcome despite the flawed execution of the invasion. He highlighted the potential for a different judgment if Iraq successfully emerges as a democracy without weapons of mass destruction and Saddam Hussein, indicating a nuanced perspective on the situation.']}], 'duration': 323.927, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q826889.jpg', 'highlights': ["Colin Powell's role in the international community's response to 9-11 and the invasion of Iraq was significant, with the historical invocation of NATO's Article 5.", "Colin Powell presented the case for military action to the United Nations, based on flawed intelligence indicating Saddam Hussein's possession of weapons of mass destruction.", 'Colin Powell expressed regret for the flawed intelligence and the repercussions of the invasion, acknowledging the embarrassment and responsibility he felt due to the presentation of inaccurate information that led to the Iraq War.', 'Colin Powell reflected on the mistakes made during the invasion and its aftermath, particularly the abandonment of the Iraqi army and the Baath Party, leading to the destabilization of Iraq.', 'Colin Powell emphasized the current state of Iraq, acknowledging the existence of a democracy and elections while expressing his hope for a positive outcome despite the flawed execution of the invasion.']}, {'end': 1440.669, 'segs': [{'end': 1210.786, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1152.137, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1157.238, 'text': 'What is it, in your view, that makes a person a great leader? A person who understands that they are leading followers.', 'start': 1152.137, 'duration': 5.101}, {'end': 1165.779, 'text': 'A person who understands that they are there to put a group of human beings into work, that has value, that has a purpose,', 'start': 1158.456, 'duration': 7.323}, {'end': 1170.361, 'text': 'and the leader will give them the inspiration needed to achieve that purpose,', 'start': 1165.779, 'duration': 4.582}, {'end': 1173.602, 'text': 'and the leader will make sure they have everything they need to get it done.', 'start': 1170.361, 'duration': 3.241}, {'end': 1189.772, 'text': 'President Bush is re-elected.', 'start': 1188.049, 'duration': 1.723}, {'end': 1194.479, 'text': 'In the second term, you retire as Secretary of State and do things in the private sector.', 'start': 1190.273, 'duration': 4.206}, {'end': 1198.686, 'text': 'One of the things you did was to set up the Colin Powell School at CCNY.', 'start': 1195.06, 'duration': 3.626}, {'end': 1200.148, 'text': 'Tell us about the Colin Powell School.', 'start': 1198.766, 'duration': 1.382}, {'end': 1210.786, 'text': 'When I left the State Department, I came up here to see a little center, the Colin Powell Center that had been endowed by the Rudin family,', 'start': 1201.724, 'duration': 9.062}], 'summary': 'Great leaders inspire and support their team to achieve purpose. colin powell established the colin powell school at ccny.', 'duration': 58.649, 'max_score': 1152.137, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q1152137.jpg'}, {'end': 1278.731, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1255.621, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1262.544, 'text': 'If you look back on your extraordinary life in public service, did your parents live to see your success? They both saw me make Colonel.', 'start': 1255.621, 'duration': 6.923}, {'end': 1264.325, 'text': 'And they were very proud of that.', 'start': 1263.284, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 1265.805, 'text': 'But my father was failing.', 'start': 1264.645, 'duration': 1.16}, {'end': 1266.465, 'text': 'I could see that.', 'start': 1265.845, 'duration': 0.62}, {'end': 1268.466, 'text': 'And then he died about a year and a half later.', 'start': 1266.726, 'duration': 1.74}, {'end': 1270.367, 'text': "So he didn't see me make General.", 'start': 1269.067, 'duration': 1.3}, {'end': 1272.588, 'text': 'My mother was there when I was promoted to General.', 'start': 1270.427, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 1278.731, 'text': 'And she stood there in this line of people, very proud.', 'start': 1273.649, 'duration': 5.082}], 'summary': 'Parents witnessed colonel promotion, father missed general promotion, mother proud at general promotion.', 'duration': 23.11, 'max_score': 1255.621, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q1255621.jpg'}, {'end': 1371.857, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1346.71, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1352.556, 'text': "and then make sure they have whatever they need, whether it's diplomatic weapons or real weapons of war,", 'start': 1346.71, 'duration': 5.846}, {'end': 1357.02, 'text': 'and make sure that I took care of them and gave them every opportunity to be successful.', 'start': 1352.556, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 1360.944, 'text': "So that's what leadership is all about, inspiring followers.", 'start': 1357.841, 'duration': 3.103}, {'end': 1363.646, 'text': "There's a story about Lincoln that I've always appreciated.", 'start': 1361.284, 'duration': 2.362}, {'end': 1371.857, 'text': "In the early days of the Civil War, He would go to the old soldier's home outside of the swampy area of Washington, up in the north part of the city.", 'start': 1363.666, 'duration': 8.191}], 'summary': 'Leadership is about inspiring followers and providing resources for success, exemplified by lincoln during the civil war.', 'duration': 25.147, 'max_score': 1346.71, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q1346710.jpg'}, {'end': 1431.421, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1388.085, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1397.552, 'text': "the Confederates have just raided a Union outpost out by Fairfax Station and they've captured 100 horses and a brigadier general.", 'start': 1388.085, 'duration': 9.467}, {'end': 1403.316, 'text': 'And Lincoln says, God, hate to lose 100 horses.', 'start': 1398.933, 'duration': 4.383}, {'end': 1408.58, 'text': 'So the telegraph operator asked him well, what about the brigadier general?', 'start': 1405.297, 'duration': 3.283}, {'end': 1414.602, 'text': "And Lincoln's reply was I can make a brigadier general in five minutes, but it's hard to replace 100 horses.", 'start': 1409.835, 'duration': 4.767}, {'end': 1417.968, 'text': 'Somebody gave that to me the day I made brigadier general.', 'start': 1415.424, 'duration': 2.544}, {'end': 1422.553, 'text': 'And it has been by my desk ever since.', 'start': 1419.87, 'duration': 2.683}, {'end': 1423.714, 'text': "To this day, it's there.", 'start': 1422.693, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 1425.435, 'text': "If you came to the house, now you'd see it.", 'start': 1423.754, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 1429.239, 'text': 'It always reminded me that your job, Powell, is to take care of the horses.', 'start': 1426.156, 'duration': 3.083}, {'end': 1431.421, 'text': "Don't worry about being a brigadier general.", 'start': 1429.879, 'duration': 1.542}], 'summary': 'Confederates raided union outpost, capturing 100 horses and a brigadier general. lincoln prioritized the horses over the general, emphasizing the importance of taking care of the horses.', 'duration': 26.517, 'max_score': 1388.085, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q1388085.jpg'}], 'start': 1152.137, 'title': 'Leadership and legacy', 'summary': "Delves into great leadership, focusing on colin powell's commitment to inspiring and empowering the next generation through the colin powell school at ccny, and his personal journey of achieving success despite humble beginnings, along with emphasizing the qualities of great leadership, such as understanding and inspiring followers, providing necessary resources, and focusing on the purpose of the work, illustrated through a story about lincoln's leadership during the civil war.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1300.827, 'start': 1152.137, 'title': 'Leadership and legacy', 'summary': "Explores the essence of great leadership, exemplified by colin powell's commitment to inspiring and empowering the next generation through the colin powell school at ccny, and his personal journey of achieving success despite humble beginnings and family pride.", 'duration': 148.69, 'highlights': ["Colin Powell's establishment of the Colin Powell School at CCNY to support underprivileged students, showcasing incredible diversity and passion among the students, with a focus on empowering the first generation of college graduates. establishment of the Colin Powell School, diversity among the students, support for first-generation college graduates", "Colin Powell's personal connection to the students' struggles, reflecting on his own past and recognizing the opportunity to make a meaningful impact on their lives. personal connection to students, reflection on own past", "Colin Powell's parents' pride and support in witnessing his military achievements, with his mother proudly participating in his promotion ceremony to General. parents' pride in Colin Powell's military achievements, mother's participation in promotion ceremony to General"]}, {'end': 1440.669, 'start': 1302.428, 'title': 'Qualities of great leadership', 'summary': "Emphasizes the importance of understanding and inspiring followers, providing necessary resources, and focusing on the purpose of the work, illustrated through a story about lincoln's leadership during the civil war.", 'duration': 138.241, 'highlights': ['Leadership involves understanding and inspiring followers, ensuring they have the necessary resources for success, and focusing on the purpose of the work.', "Abraham Lincoln's leadership during the Civil War is illustrated through a story emphasizing the importance of taking care of the necessities, such as horses, to ensure success.", "A telegraph message during the Civil War depicts Lincoln's priority of replacing 100 horses over a brigadier general, highlighting the emphasis on taking care of the necessities for success."]}], 'duration': 288.532, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/akIpf0iva3Q/pics/akIpf0iva3Q1152137.jpg', 'highlights': ["Colin Powell's establishment of the Colin Powell School at CCNY to support underprivileged students, showcasing incredible diversity and passion among the students, with a focus on empowering the first generation of college graduates.", "Colin Powell's personal connection to the students' struggles, reflecting on his own past and recognizing the opportunity to make a meaningful impact on their lives.", "Colin Powell's parents' pride and support in witnessing his military achievements, with his mother proudly participating in his promotion ceremony to General.", 'Leadership involves understanding and inspiring followers, ensuring they have the necessary resources for success, and focusing on the purpose of the work.', "Abraham Lincoln's leadership during the Civil War is illustrated through a story emphasizing the importance of taking care of the necessities, such as horses, to ensure success.", "A telegraph message during the Civil War depicts Lincoln's priority of replacing 100 horses over a brigadier general, highlighting the emphasis on taking care of the necessities for success."]}], 'highlights': ["Gen. Colin Powell's unexpected rise to become chairman of the Joint Chiefs and being considered for the presidency.", 'The story of President Reagan personally requesting Gen. Powell to fix his tie, showcasing his down-to-earth demeanor.', 'His reluctance and disinterest in pursuing the job of the president of the United States.', "Colin Powell's journey from overcoming racial barriers in education and the military to becoming the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Secretary of State.", 'The left hook approach strategically outmaneuvered Iraqi forces, leading to their defeat.', 'The PAL doctrine emphasized overwhelming but decisive force after exhausting diplomatic options.', "Colin Powell's role in the international community's response to 9-11 and the invasion of Iraq was significant, with the historical invocation of NATO's Article 5.", "Colin Powell presented the case for military action to the United Nations, based on flawed intelligence indicating Saddam Hussein's possession of weapons of mass destruction.", 'Colin Powell expressed regret for the flawed intelligence and the repercussions of the invasion, acknowledging the embarrassment and responsibility he felt due to the presentation of inaccurate information that led to the Iraq War.', "Colin Powell's establishment of the Colin Powell School at CCNY to support underprivileged students, showcasing incredible diversity and passion among the students, with a focus on empowering the first generation of college graduates."]}