title
Ginni Rometty: IBM CEO on Leadership, Power, and Adversity | Lex Fridman Podcast #362

description
Ginni Rometty is a former long-time CEO, president, and chairman of IBM. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex to get 1 month of fish oil - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free - InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off EPISODE LINKS: Ginni's book: https://amzn.to/3KFuXHY Ginni's Twitter: https://twitter.com/GinniRometty Ginni's linktr.ee: https://linktr.ee/GinniRometty One Ten Website: https://oneten.org PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 1:19 - IBM 10:59 - Hiring 16:16 - Leadership 23:00 - Hard work 28:40 - Adversity 35:38 - Power 49:05 - Sacrifice 54:10 - Taking over as CEO 1:12:24 - Negotiating 1:17:31 - Deep Blue vs Garry Kasparov 1:22:49 - IBM Watson 1:42:42 - Work-life balance 1:49:46 - Advice for young people SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

detail
{'title': 'Ginni Rometty: IBM CEO on Leadership, Power, and Adversity | Lex Fridman Podcast #362', 'heatmap': [], 'summary': "Ginni rometty, ibm ceo, discusses leadership's necessity for making unpopular decisions, corporate transformation challenges, resilience, innovation, ibm's transformation, enterprise cloud evolution, ai's impact, and trust in technology and leadership insights, including milestones, challenges, and achievements, with a focus on long-term success amidst revenue decline and significant transformation.", 'chapters': [{'end': 35.139, 'segs': [{'end': 28.372, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.189, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2.711, 'text': "I've had to do plenty of unpopular things.", 'start': 0.189, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 9.157, 'text': 'I think anytime you have to run a company that endures a century and has to endure another century, you will do unpopular things.', 'start': 2.771, 'duration': 6.386}, {'end': 9.997, 'text': 'You have no choice.', 'start': 9.177, 'duration': 0.82}, {'end': 13.66, 'text': 'And I often felt I had to sacrifice things for the long term.', 'start': 10.598, 'duration': 3.062}, {'end': 18.224, 'text': 'And whether that would have been, you know, really difficult things like.', 'start': 14.361, 'duration': 3.863}, {'end': 23.428, 'text': 'you know job changes or reductions, or whether it would be things like hey, you know,', 'start': 18.224, 'duration': 5.204}, {'end': 28.372, 'text': "we're going to change the way we do our semiconductors and a whole different philosophy.", 'start': 23.428, 'duration': 4.944}], 'summary': 'To ensure the long-term success of the company enduring for a century, tough decisions including job changes and semiconductor philosophy shifts were made.', 'duration': 28.183, 'max_score': 0.189, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M189.jpg'}], 'start': 0.189, 'title': 'Leadership and unpopular decisions', 'summary': 'Emphasizes the necessity for leaders to make unpopular decisions, such as job changes and shifts in business philosophy, for long-term success, stressing that leadership is not a popularity contest.', 'chapters': [{'end': 35.139, 'start': 0.189, 'title': 'Leadership and unpopular decisions', 'summary': 'Highlights the necessity for leaders to make unpopular decisions for the long-term success of a company, including job changes and shifts in business philosophy, emphasizing that leadership is not a popularity contest.', 'duration': 34.95, 'highlights': ['Leaders must make unpopular decisions to ensure the long-term success of a company, such as job changes and shifts in business philosophy.', "Leadership is not about winning a popularity contest but making tough choices for the company's endurance.", 'Enduring a century and preparing for another requires leaders to sacrifice popularity for the long-term benefit of the company.']}], 'duration': 34.95, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M189.jpg', 'highlights': ['Leaders must make unpopular decisions for long-term success, e.g. job changes.', 'Leadership is not about popularity but making tough choices for endurance.', 'Enduring a century requires leaders to sacrifice popularity for long-term benefit.']}, {'end': 1095.342, 'segs': [{'end': 147.27, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 105.418, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 108.645, 'text': "The biggest challenges I think are not in running them, it's in changing them.", 'start': 105.418, 'duration': 3.227}, {'end': 113.394, 'text': 'And that idea to know what you should change and what you should not change.', 'start': 109.813, 'duration': 3.581}, {'end': 115.634, 'text': "Actually, people don't always ask that question.", 'start': 113.814, 'duration': 1.82}, {'end': 119.395, 'text': 'What should endure, even if it has to be modernized, but what should endure?', 'start': 116.094, 'duration': 3.301}, {'end': 124.336, 'text': 'And then I found the hardest part was changing how work got done at such a big company.', 'start': 119.415, 'duration': 4.921}, {'end': 127.916, 'text': 'What was the part that you thought should endure??', 'start': 124.896, 'duration': 3.02}, {'end': 129.637, 'text': 'The core of the company.', 'start': 127.936, 'duration': 1.701}, {'end': 132.217, 'text': 'that was beautiful and powerful and could persist through time.', 'start': 129.637, 'duration': 2.58}, {'end': 133.537, 'text': 'that should persist through time.', 'start': 132.217, 'duration': 1.32}, {'end': 134.278, 'text': "I'd be interested.", 'start': 133.737, 'duration': 0.541}, {'end': 143.128, 'text': "Do you have a perception of what you think it would be? Do I have a perception? Well, I'm a romantic for a history of long running companies.", 'start': 134.298, 'duration': 8.83}, {'end': 147.27, 'text': "So there's kind of a tradition as a AI person.", 'start': 143.168, 'duration': 4.102}], 'summary': 'Challenges lie in changing big companies while preserving their core, enduring values.', 'duration': 41.852, 'max_score': 105.418, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M105418.jpg'}, {'end': 206.731, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 174.272, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 175.774, 'text': "That's a pretty big research group.", 'start': 174.272, 'duration': 1.502}, {'end': 187.078, 'text': 'But the part that should endure ends up being, you know, company that does things that are essential to the world, meaning, um, Think back,', 'start': 176.314, 'duration': 10.764}, {'end': 188.099, 'text': "you said you're romantic.", 'start': 187.078, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 191.524, 'text': 'It was the 30s, the social security system.', 'start': 188.72, 'duration': 2.804}, {'end': 193.067, 'text': 'It was putting the man on the moon.', 'start': 191.564, 'duration': 1.503}, {'end': 196.892, 'text': "It was, to this day, banks don't run, railroads don't run.", 'start': 193.127, 'duration': 3.765}, {'end': 202.068, 'text': "That is at its core, it's doing mission critical work.", 'start': 198.786, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 206.731, 'text': "And so that part I think is at its core, it's a business to business company.", 'start': 202.749, 'duration': 3.982}], 'summary': 'The company focuses on mission-critical work, essential to the world, with a large research group.', 'duration': 32.459, 'max_score': 174.272, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M174272.jpg'}, {'end': 261.216, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 237.097, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 243.382, 'text': "it's below the surface so many people, because people say to me well, what does ibm do now right, And over the years it's changed so much.", 'start': 237.097, 'duration': 6.285}, {'end': 247.706, 'text': "And today, it's really a software and consulting company.", 'start': 244.063, 'duration': 3.643}, {'end': 249.227, 'text': 'Consulting is a third of it.', 'start': 248.326, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 252.73, 'text': 'And the software is all hybrid cloud and AI.', 'start': 249.968, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 258.514, 'text': 'That would not have been true, as you well know, back even two decades ago, right? So it changes.', 'start': 253.47, 'duration': 5.044}, {'end': 261.216, 'text': "But I think at its core, it's that be essential.", 'start': 258.553, 'duration': 2.663}], 'summary': 'Ibm is now a software and consulting company, with consulting accounting for a third of its activities, and the software focusing on hybrid cloud and ai.', 'duration': 24.119, 'max_score': 237.097, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M237097.jpg'}], 'start': 37.621, 'title': 'Leadership in corporate transformation', 'summary': "Covers jeanne rometty's 40-year journey at ibm, driving organizational change in a large company, and the challenges faced by a ceo in making unpopular decisions for long-term success, emphasizing the need for a new platform, modern skills, and a shift in hiring focus to skills over qualifications, as well as the importance of humility, passion, and continuous learning in the context of ai and the evolving future of businesses.", 'chapters': [{'end': 330.769, 'start': 37.621, 'title': "Jeanne rometty's leadership at ibm", 'summary': "Discusses jeanne rometty's 40-year journey at ibm, addressing the challenges of changing a company of 280,000 employees, emphasizing the core mission-critical work, and the need for speed in the tech industry.", 'duration': 293.148, 'highlights': ["Jeanne Rometty's 40-year journey at IBM, from a systems engineer to CEO, addressing the challenges of changing a company of 280,000 employees.", "Emphasizing the importance of identifying what should endure, modernizing the core mission-critical work, and the significance of being 'essential' to the world.", 'The transformation of IBM into a software and consulting company, with a focus on hybrid cloud and AI, highlighting the evolution of the company over the years.']}, {'end': 510.136, 'start': 331.35, 'title': 'Leadership lessons for big companies', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges and strategies for driving organizational change in a large company, including reducing layers of management, implementing agile practices at scale, and the need for leaders to make tough decisions.', 'duration': 178.786, 'highlights': ['Implementing agile practices at scale, with hundreds of thousands of people trained, to change the way work gets done.', 'Reducing layers of management by half, resulting in faster decision-making, more autonomy, and clearer direction.', 'The importance of leaders making tough, unpopular decisions when necessary.']}, {'end': 1095.342, 'start': 510.356, 'title': 'Leadership and skill development in corporate transformation', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges faced by a ceo in making unpopular decisions for long-term success, emphasizing the need for a new platform, modern skills, and a willingness to learn, and the shift in hiring focus to skills over qualifications. it also highlights the importance of humility, passion, and continuous learning in the context of ai and the evolving future of businesses.', 'duration': 584.986, 'highlights': ["The CEO emphasizes the necessity to make unpopular decisions for the long-term success of the company, including job changes, philosophy shifts, and the introduction of new technology platforms. The CEO mentions the need for making unpopular decisions, such as job changes, reductions, and changes in semiconductor philosophy, as well as the introduction of a new technology platform for the company's future success.", 'The CEO stresses the importance of modern skills for the future, pointing out that only 2 out of 10 employees had relevant skills, highlighting the need for a significant change in skills and the speed of execution. The CEO emphasizes the need for modern skills for the future, revealing that only 2 out of 10 employees had relevant skills, indicating the urgency for a significant change in skills and the speed of execution.', 'The CEO advocates for a shift in hiring focus from qualifications to willingness to learn, emphasizing the importance of curiosity and willingness to learn as the primary traits for hiring, promoting, and payment. The CEO advocates for a shift in hiring focus from qualifications to willingness to learn, highlighting curiosity and willingness to learn as the primary traits for hiring, promoting, and payment.', 'The CEO emphasizes the significance of humility, passion, and continuous learning in the context of AI and the evolving future of businesses, stressing the need for people to be aggressive beginners and constantly learn. The CEO highlights the significance of humility, passion, and continuous learning in the context of AI and the evolving future of businesses, emphasizing the need for individuals to be aggressive beginners and continuously learn.', 'The CEO reflects on the transition from micromanagement to empowering others, learning the importance of acknowledging the positive and curbing the tendency to control, emphasizing the right balance between showing the way and helping people find the way. The CEO reflects on the transition from micromanagement to empowering others, learning the importance of acknowledging the positive and curbing the tendency to control, emphasizing the right balance between showing the way and helping people find the way.']}], 'duration': 1057.721, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M37621.jpg', 'highlights': ['The transformation of IBM into a software and consulting company, with a focus on hybrid cloud and AI, highlighting the evolution of the company over the years.', 'Implementing agile practices at scale, with hundreds of thousands of people trained, to change the way work gets done.', 'The CEO emphasizes the necessity to make unpopular decisions for the long-term success of the company, including job changes, philosophy shifts, and the introduction of new technology platforms.', 'The CEO advocates for a shift in hiring focus from qualifications to willingness to learn, highlighting curiosity and willingness to learn as the primary traits for hiring, promoting, and payment.', 'The CEO emphasizes the significance of humility, passion, and continuous learning in the context of AI and the evolving future of businesses, stressing the need for individuals to be aggressive beginners and continuously learn.']}, {'end': 2421.642, 'segs': [{'end': 1699.154, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1669.491, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1673.294, 'text': 'am i remembering a story like that you seem to like?', 'start': 1669.491, 'duration': 3.803}, {'end': 1680.358, 'text': 'at least certain moments in your life seem to, uh, do well in desperate times, True enough.', 'start': 1673.294, 'duration': 7.064}, {'end': 1681.82, 'text': "True enough, that's true.", 'start': 1680.959, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 1683.361, 'text': 'I learned that very well.', 'start': 1682.16, 'duration': 1.201}, {'end': 1688.725, 'text': "But I also think that maybe this isn't the same kind of plan B.", 'start': 1684.002, 'duration': 4.723}, {'end': 1692.909, 'text': 'I think of it as, like I was taught, always be able to take care of yourself.', 'start': 1688.725, 'duration': 4.184}, {'end': 1695.011, 'text': "Don't have to rely on someone else.", 'start': 1693.63, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 1699.154, 'text': "And I think that to me, so that's my plan B.", 'start': 1695.872, 'duration': 3.282}], 'summary': 'Self-reliance is key; having a plan b to take care of oneself in desperate times.', 'duration': 29.663, 'max_score': 1669.491, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M1669491.jpg'}, {'end': 2034.58, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2009.046, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2013.968, 'text': "But I also want to sort of push back on the idea that that's a bad thing that you should silence.", 'start': 2009.046, 'duration': 4.922}, {'end': 2018.29, 'text': 'Because I think that anxiety, that leads to growth also.', 'start': 2013.988, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 2019.431, 'text': "It's like this discomfort.", 'start': 2018.311, 'duration': 1.12}, {'end': 2024.253, 'text': "So there's this weird balance you have to have between that self-critical engine and confidence.", 'start': 2019.751, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 2025.574, 'text': "Yeah, I think that's a good point.", 'start': 2024.393, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 2029.236, 'text': "You have to kind of dance because if you're super confident, people will value you higher.", 'start': 2025.714, 'duration': 3.522}, {'end': 2030.077, 'text': "That's important.", 'start': 2029.256, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 2034.58, 'text': "But if you're way too confident, maybe in the short term, you'll gain, but in the long term, you won't grow.", 'start': 2030.437, 'duration': 4.143}], 'summary': 'Balancing self-criticism and confidence leads to growth and long-term value.', 'duration': 25.534, 'max_score': 2009.046, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2009046.jpg'}, {'end': 2113.117, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2084.259, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2087.681, 'text': "They're looking to bring forward diverse candidates through their management track.", 'start': 2084.259, 'duration': 3.422}, {'end': 2090.022, 'text': "Now, these programs don't exist anymore like that.", 'start': 2088.101, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 2096.645, 'text': 'They will pay your tuition, your room and board, your expenses, Northwestern, other Ivy League schools, these very expensive schools.', 'start': 2090.462, 'duration': 6.183}, {'end': 2099.547, 'text': "And I think you'd be a good fit.", 'start': 2097.446, 'duration': 2.101}, {'end': 2102.108, 'text': 'I am eternally thankful for that advice.', 'start': 2100.547, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 2103.069, 'text': 'I went and I interviewed.', 'start': 2102.168, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 2104.43, 'text': 'I actually got the scholarship.', 'start': 2103.089, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 2108.353, 'text': "I mean, without it, I'd have graduated with hundreds of thousands of dollars of debt.", 'start': 2105.371, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 2113.117, 'text': 'So part of that was in the summer, I had to work in Detroit.', 'start': 2109.474, 'duration': 3.643}], 'summary': 'Initiative to support diverse candidates with tuition, expenses, leading to scholarship and debt reduction.', 'duration': 28.858, 'max_score': 2084.259, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2084259.jpg'}, {'end': 2169.893, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2143.576, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2147.618, 'text': 'Your book is called Good Power, Leading Positive Change in Our Lives, Work, and World.', 'start': 2143.576, 'duration': 4.042}, {'end': 2157.844, 'text': "What is good power? What's the essence of good power? So the essence of it would be doing something hard or meaningful, but in a positive way.", 'start': 2148.658, 'duration': 9.186}, {'end': 2166.61, 'text': "I would also tell you, I hope one day I'm remembered for how I did things, not just for what I did.", 'start': 2157.864, 'duration': 8.746}, {'end': 2168.492, 'text': 'I think that could almost be more important.', 'start': 2166.971, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 2169.893, 'text': "And I think it's a choice we can all make.", 'start': 2168.512, 'duration': 1.381}], 'summary': 'Good power promotes positive change through meaningful actions, emphasizing the importance of how things are done.', 'duration': 26.317, 'max_score': 2143.576, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2143576.jpg'}, {'end': 2307.34, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2272.383, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2278.466, 'text': "which is what I'm doing about finding better jobs for more people now that I co-chair an organization called 110..", 'start': 2272.383, 'duration': 6.083}, {'end': 2285.941, 'text': 'So that essence of Navigate tensions, do it respectfully, celebrate progress.', 'start': 2278.466, 'duration': 7.475}, {'end': 2290.125, 'text': 'And indulge me one more minute.', 'start': 2287.002, 'duration': 3.123}, {'end': 2294.828, 'text': "These sort of, again, it's retrospect that I didn't know this in the moment.", 'start': 2290.405, 'duration': 4.423}, {'end': 2295.589, 'text': 'I had to learn it.', 'start': 2294.989, 'duration': 0.6}, {'end': 2296.069, 'text': 'I learned it.', 'start': 2295.689, 'duration': 0.38}, {'end': 2307.34, 'text': "I am blessed by a lot of people I worked with and around, and But some of the principles, like the first one, says if you're gonna do something,", 'start': 2296.19, 'duration': 11.15}], 'summary': 'Co-chair of organization 110, focusing on finding better jobs for more people.', 'duration': 34.957, 'max_score': 2272.383, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2272383.jpg'}], 'start': 1095.382, 'title': 'Leadership and resilience', 'summary': 'Emphasizes the importance of leadership, values, hard work, and resilience, discussing personal anecdotes and principles, highlighting the significance of embracing discomfort and self-criticism for growth, and driving positive change through good power and long-term responsibility.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1522.254, 'start': 1095.382, 'title': 'Leadership, values, and hard work', 'summary': 'Emphasizes the importance of leadership, values, and continuous learning, exemplified through a personal anecdote at ibm, and highlights the significance of hard work and preparation in fostering confidence and being present in the moment.', 'duration': 426.872, 'highlights': ["The chapter highlights the importance of leadership and values, exemplified through a personal anecdote at IBM in the early 80s, where the author's boss insisted on immediate action when a top performer engaged in inappropriate behavior, emphasizing the need to always role model and show the right behavior.", "The significance of continuous learning is emphasized through the author's initiative at IBM to make compulsory education on the first Friday of every month for the entire company, teaching the first hour of every month for four years, promoting a culture of learning and transformation.", 'The importance of hard work and preparation is highlighted, with the author sharing personal experiences that trace back to childhood and university, emphasizing the role of hard work in fostering confidence and being present in the moment, ultimately leading to a positive impact in her career.', 'The author reflects on the notion of power, emphasizing the need for power to do good, drawing from personal experiences of overcoming hardships and achieving success, leading to the understanding that hard work can lead to meaningful accomplishments in a positive way.']}, {'end': 1874.212, 'start': 1522.254, 'title': 'Hard work and resilience', 'summary': 'Discusses the influence of hard work and resilience from familial experiences, the impact of financial adversity on success, and the importance of embracing discomfort for personal growth and development.', 'duration': 351.958, 'highlights': ['The influence of hard work and resilience from familial experiences is deeply rooted, teaching the importance of self-sufficiency and perseverance in challenging times. Familial examples of hard work and resilience, such as saving money for necessities and working multiple jobs, are provided.', 'The impact of financial adversity is discussed, revealing a pivotal moment of having only 25 cents left during the freshman year and the subsequent drive to achieve success as a CEO. The financial stress and desperation during the freshman year, combined with the discussion with another CEO, highlight the role of adversity in achieving success.', 'The importance of embracing discomfort for personal growth and development is emphasized, with the notion that growth and comfort cannot coexist, leading to profound lessons and professional advancement. The concept of growth and comfort being incompatible is highlighted, along with a personal anecdote about declining a significant job offer to continue learning and growing.']}, {'end': 2122.884, 'start': 1874.913, 'title': 'Overcoming self-criticism and embracing discomfort', 'summary': 'Highlights the importance of embracing discomfort and self-criticism for growth, exemplified through a personal experience and discussion on the balance between confidence and self-critique in the workplace.', 'duration': 247.971, 'highlights': ['The importance of embracing discomfort and self-criticism for growth is emphasized, as exemplified through personal experiences and discussion on the balance between confidence and self-critique in the workplace.', "The speaker's decision to take a job despite feeling uncomfortable and being advised by a mentor not to repeat that behavior illustrates the value of embracing discomfort for personal development.", 'The impact of self-criticism, particularly among women, is acknowledged, highlighting the need to balance confidence and self-critique in professional settings for long-term growth.', "The speaker's initial reluctance to accept a job offer due to discomfort, followed by the realization that growth and comfort cannot coexist, serves as a powerful example of the importance of embracing discomfort for personal and professional advancement."]}, {'end': 2421.642, 'start': 2122.904, 'title': 'Good power: leading positive change', 'summary': "Discusses the essence of good power, emphasizing the importance of embracing tension, respecting others, and celebrating progress to drive positive change. it also highlights the principles of being in service, building belief, focusing on the 'how', and embracing good tech for long-term responsibility.", 'duration': 298.738, 'highlights': ['The essence of good power lies in embracing tension, respecting others, and celebrating progress to drive positive change, contrasting it with fear-driven approaches or the pursuit of perfection.', "Being in service of something is fundamentally different from simply serving, as it entails fulfilling others' needs to ultimately fulfill one's own, highlighting the importance of genuine care and commitment.", 'Building belief in a new future and encouraging voluntary participation can lead to more effective outcomes than simply giving orders, emphasizing the value of discretionary energy and genuine buy-in.', "Focusing on the 'how' and developing skills to endure change, along with embracing good tech for long-term responsibility, are essential principles for driving positive change and progress in any domain."]}], 'duration': 1326.26, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M1095382.jpg', 'highlights': ['The importance of embracing discomfort and self-criticism for growth is emphasized, as exemplified through personal experiences and discussion on the balance between confidence and self-critique in the workplace.', 'The essence of good power lies in embracing tension, respecting others, and celebrating progress to drive positive change, contrasting it with fear-driven approaches or the pursuit of perfection.', 'The impact of financial adversity is discussed, revealing a pivotal moment of having only 25 cents left during the freshman year and the subsequent drive to achieve success as a CEO. The financial stress and desperation during the freshman year, combined with the discussion with another CEO, highlight the role of adversity in achieving success.', 'The importance of embracing discomfort for personal growth and development is emphasized, with the notion that growth and comfort cannot coexist, leading to profound lessons and professional advancement.', "The significance of continuous learning is emphasized through the author's initiative at IBM to make compulsory education on the first Friday of every month for the entire company, teaching the first hour of every month for four years, promoting a culture of learning and transformation."]}, {'end': 3047.88, 'segs': [{'end': 2474.753, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2444.379, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2445.941, 'text': 'I think with chat, okay, great.', 'start': 2444.379, 'duration': 1.562}, {'end': 2454.654, 'text': "There's equal and there are people working on it, but like, okay, the things that say hey, I can tell this was written with that right?", 'start': 2447.708, 'duration': 6.946}, {'end': 2457.616, 'text': 'Because the implications on how people learn right?', 'start': 2454.954, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 2464.182, 'text': 'If this is not a great thing, if all it does is do your homework, that is not the idea of homework as someone who liked to study so hard.', 'start': 2457.696, 'duration': 6.486}, {'end': 2465.543, 'text': 'But anyways, you get my point.', 'start': 2464.202, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 2467.165, 'text': "It's just the upside and the downside.", 'start': 2465.983, 'duration': 1.182}, {'end': 2470.608, 'text': 'And that there could be much larger implications that are much more difficult to predict,', 'start': 2467.185, 'duration': 3.423}, {'end': 2474.753, 'text': "and it's our responsibility to really work hard to figure that out.", 'start': 2470.608, 'duration': 4.145}], 'summary': 'Chat has both upsides and downsides, impacting learning and homework. larger implications need to be addressed.', 'duration': 30.374, 'max_score': 2444.379, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2444379.jpg'}, {'end': 2527.834, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2501.933, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2508.478, 'text': "Hey, if I'm gonna bring in, it's gonna create all these new jobs, job dislocation, then I should help on trying to help people get new skills.", 'start': 2501.933, 'duration': 6.545}, {'end': 2515.064, 'text': "Anyways, that's a long answer to a good tech, but the idea that there's kind of, in retrospect,", 'start': 2508.938, 'duration': 6.126}, {'end': 2521.111, 'text': 'a set of principles you could look at and maybe learn something from my sort of rocky road through there.', 'start': 2515.064, 'duration': 6.047}, {'end': 2527.834, 'text': "But it started with the power of we, and there's that big leap, I think, that propagates through the things you're saying,", 'start': 2521.892, 'duration': 5.942}], 'summary': 'Advocates for creating new jobs and helping people acquire new skills in tech industry.', 'duration': 25.901, 'max_score': 2501.933, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2501933.jpg'}, {'end': 2612.557, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2584.711, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2588.813, 'text': 'I think the leap is in deciding that this is.', 'start': 2584.711, 'duration': 4.102}, {'end': 2592.895, 'text': "it's like deciding that you will care about others.", 'start': 2588.813, 'duration': 4.082}, {'end': 2596.237, 'text': "It's like a leap of going to the gym for the first time.", 'start': 2593.475, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 2603.1, 'text': "Yes, it takes a long time to develop that and to actually care, but the decision that I'm going to actually care about other human beings, yeah.", 'start': 2596.877, 'duration': 6.223}, {'end': 2609.183, 'text': 'Or at least, yeah, it just feels like a deliberate action you take of empathy.', 'start': 2604.301, 'duration': 4.882}, {'end': 2612.557, 'text': "Yeah, because sometimes I think it happens a little, it's maybe not as deliberate.", 'start': 2609.454, 'duration': 3.103}], 'summary': 'The leap is in deciding to care about others, a deliberate action of empathy.', 'duration': 27.846, 'max_score': 2584.711, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2584711.jpg'}, {'end': 3054.486, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3027.105, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3033.409, 'text': 'And so when I came on, we were still manufacturing R&D and manufacturing our own chips.', 'start': 3027.105, 'duration': 6.304}, {'end': 3038.033, 'text': 'We were losing a lot of money, yet here we had to fight a war on cloud and AI.', 'start': 3033.63, 'duration': 4.403}, {'end': 3042.376, 'text': 'And so, okay, now shareholders would say, fine, shut it down.', 'start': 3038.673, 'duration': 3.703}, {'end': 3047.88, 'text': 'Okay, those chips also power some of the most important systems that power the banks of today.', 'start': 3042.877, 'duration': 5.003}, {'end': 3054.486, 'text': "If I just shut it down, well, what would that do? And so, okay, the answer wasn't just stop it.", 'start': 3048.641, 'duration': 5.845}], 'summary': 'Company faced financial losses while making its own chips, crucial for banking systems, amid pressure to shut down.', 'duration': 27.381, 'max_score': 3027.105, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3027105.jpg'}], 'start': 2421.702, 'title': 'Balancing innovation and diversity', 'summary': 'Discusses balancing the upside and downside of technological innovation, transition to collaboration, the impact of power on decision-making, embracing diversity for better decision-making and outcomes, advocating for inclusion and diversity, and balancing stakeholder interests for long-term success.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2771.496, 'start': 2421.702, 'title': 'Balancing upside and downside', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of balancing the upside and downside of technological innovation, the transition from self-focus to collaboration, and the impact of power on decision-making and responsibility.', 'duration': 349.794, 'highlights': ["The importance of balancing the upside and downside of technological innovation is emphasized, with quantum computing serving as an example, highlighting the need to mitigate potential negative implications. Example of quantum computing's potential positive and negative impacts.", 'The transition from self-focus to collaboration and empathy is discussed, with an emphasis on the gradual shift towards caring about others and recognizing the impact of actions on a larger scale. Discussion on the gradual shift towards caring about others and recognizing the impact on a larger scale.', 'The responsibility and impact of power on decision-making is explored, with a focus on the potential for power to corrupt and the importance of surrounding oneself with individuals who provide constructive feedback. Exploration of the impact of power on decision-making and the importance of constructive feedback.']}, {'end': 3047.88, 'start': 2771.556, 'title': 'Embracing diversity for better results', 'summary': 'Emphasizes the importance of surrounding oneself with diverse individuals for better decision-making and outcomes, advocating for inclusion and diversity, and balancing stakeholder interests for long-term success.', 'duration': 276.324, 'highlights': ['The importance of surrounding oneself with diverse individuals for better decision-making and outcomes Emphasizes the need to have people who will tell the truth and provide diverse perspectives for better decision-making and outcomes', 'Advocating for inclusion and diversity Stresses the value of inclusion and diversity for obtaining a better product and answer, and the need to authentically believe in it', 'Balancing stakeholder interests for long-term success Discusses the importance of serving multiple stakeholders and making trade-offs for long-term success, emphasizing the need to operate in a gray world rather than a black-and-white one']}], 'duration': 626.178, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M2421702.jpg', 'highlights': ["Example of quantum computing's potential positive and negative impacts.", 'Discussion on the gradual shift towards caring about others and recognizing the impact on a larger scale.', 'Exploration of the impact of power on decision-making and the importance of constructive feedback.', 'Emphasizes the need to have people who will tell the truth and provide diverse perspectives for better decision-making and outcomes.', 'Stresses the value of inclusion and diversity for obtaining a better product and answer, and the need to authentically believe in it.', 'Discusses the importance of serving multiple stakeholders and making trade-offs for long-term success, emphasizing the need to operate in a gray world rather than a black-and-white one.']}, {'end': 3582.072, 'segs': [{'end': 3094.483, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3066.977, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3071.318, 'text': 'We had to separate, it was a very integrated process of research, development, and manufacturing.', 'start': 3066.977, 'duration': 4.341}, {'end': 3074.338, 'text': "And you'd also, you'd be perfecting things in manufacturing.", 'start': 3071.398, 'duration': 2.94}, {'end': 3076.659, 'text': 'And these were very high performance chips.', 'start': 3074.819, 'duration': 1.84}, {'end': 3079.179, 'text': 'We had to be able to separate those.', 'start': 3077.919, 'duration': 1.26}, {'end': 3086.061, 'text': 'We eventually found a way to do that so that we could take the manufacturing elsewhere and we would maintain the R&D.', 'start': 3079.299, 'duration': 6.762}, {'end': 3094.483, 'text': "I think it's a great example of the question you just asked because people would have applauded Others would have been, this was horrible.", 'start': 3087.481, 'duration': 7.002}], 'summary': 'Successfully separated high-performance chip manufacturing, maintaining r&d, a great example of integrated process.', 'duration': 27.506, 'max_score': 3066.977, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3066977.jpg'}, {'end': 3149.252, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3123.315, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3134.143, 'text': "And what's it like, sort of really forming a great relationship with them, understanding what their needs are being in service of their needs?", 'start': 3123.315, 'duration': 10.828}, {'end': 3135.864, 'text': 'Yeah, very simple.', 'start': 3134.463, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 3137.545, 'text': 'Honor your promises.', 'start': 3136.784, 'duration': 0.761}, {'end': 3140.168, 'text': 'And that happens over time.', 'start': 3139.127, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 3148.192, 'text': 'I mean in service of you know, which is often why you could work with competitors because if you are really in service of you and you need something,', 'start': 3140.748, 'duration': 7.444}, {'end': 3149.252, 'text': 'it takes two of us to do it.', 'start': 3148.192, 'duration': 1.06}], 'summary': 'Forming great relationships, honoring promises, and being in service of others is key.', 'duration': 25.937, 'max_score': 3123.315, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3123315.jpg'}, {'end': 3216.279, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3189.116, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3196.942, 'text': "And I started to explain all these things about why, how, you know, how we don't share data, how, who it belongs to.", 'start': 3189.116, 'duration': 7.826}, {'end': 3198.483, 'text': 'Our systems never had back doors.', 'start': 3197.122, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 3199.384, 'text': 'And she sort of stopped me.', 'start': 3198.523, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 3202.769, 'text': "Like you're one of the good guys, like stop.", 'start': 3200.868, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 3205.411, 'text': "Now, that wasn't about me personally.", 'start': 3203.31, 'duration': 2.101}, {'end': 3210.395, 'text': "She's talking about a company that's acted consistent with values for decades, right?", 'start': 3205.832, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 3216.279, 'text': 'So, to me, how you work with those big kind of clients is you honor your promises?', 'start': 3210.875, 'duration': 5.404}], 'summary': "Company's commitment to data privacy and integrity for decades, emphasizing the importance of honoring promises to big clients.", 'duration': 27.163, 'max_score': 3189.116, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3189116.jpg'}, {'end': 3339.44, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3293.771, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3304.02, 'text': 'And shareholders, of course, right? But I also am really clear, this was perhaps the largest reinvention IBM ever had to undertake.', 'start': 3293.771, 'duration': 10.249}, {'end': 3305.561, 'text': 'Had a board that understood that.', 'start': 3304.26, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 3311.985, 'text': 'In fact, some of the headlines were like, this is existential, right? I mean, nobody gives you a right to exist forever.', 'start': 3306.782, 'duration': 5.203}, {'end': 3314.326, 'text': "And there aren't many techs, you're the student of it.", 'start': 3312.365, 'duration': 1.961}, {'end': 3316.948, 'text': 'They are gone, they are all gone.', 'start': 3315.047, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 3321.53, 'text': "And so if we didn't reinvent ourselves, we were gonna be extinct.", 'start': 3317.628, 'duration': 3.902}, {'end': 3325.032, 'text': "And so, now, but you're big.", 'start': 3321.891, 'duration': 3.141}, {'end': 3326.052, 'text': "And it's like changing.", 'start': 3325.092, 'duration': 0.96}, {'end': 3326.793, 'text': "what's that old saying??", 'start': 3326.052, 'duration': 0.741}, {'end': 3332.416, 'text': "Can I change the wheels while the train's running, or something like that, or the engines while the plane's flying?", 'start': 3326.993, 'duration': 5.423}, {'end': 3334.097, 'text': "And that's what you have to do.", 'start': 3333.056, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 3335.238, 'text': 'And that took time.', 'start': 3334.357, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 3339.44, 'text': 'And so, you know, Lex, do I wish it would have been faster? Absolutely.', 'start': 3335.438, 'duration': 4.002}], 'summary': 'Ibm underwent its largest reinvention to avoid extinction, a challenging but necessary transformation.', 'duration': 45.669, 'max_score': 3293.771, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3293771.jpg'}], 'start': 3048.641, 'title': "Ibm's transformation challenges", 'summary': "Discusses ibm's ceo facing 22 quarters of revenue decline, leading to a 50% portfolio change, $10 billion divestitures, and achieving a flat growth rate amidst a significant transformation.", 'chapters': [{'end': 3086.061, 'start': 3048.641, 'title': 'Innovative manufacturing process', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenge of separating the integrated process of research, development, and manufacturing to allow manufacturing to be done elsewhere while maintaining r&d, leading to a successful resolution.', 'duration': 37.42, 'highlights': ['The challenge was to separate the integrated process of research, development, and manufacturing for high performance chips to enable manufacturing to be done elsewhere while maintaining R&D.', 'The answer required finding a way to separate the manufacturing process to allow it to be taken elsewhere while still maintaining the research and development, leading to a successful resolution.', 'It was necessary to sit in an uncomfortable spot until a solution was found to separate the manufacturing process, demonstrating the perseverance and innovation involved in the resolution.']}, {'end': 3582.072, 'start': 3087.481, 'title': 'Leading ibm through transformation', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges faced by the ceo of ibm, including 22 consecutive quarters of revenue decline, reinventing the company, and making strategic decisions, resulting in a 50% portfolio change and $10 billion divestitures, leading to a flat growth rate amidst a big transformation.', 'duration': 494.591, 'highlights': ["CEO's leadership during 22 consecutive quarters of revenue decline and reinventing the company The CEO led IBM through a challenging period with 22 consecutive quarters of revenue decline and the need to reinvent the company, resulting in a 50% portfolio change and $10 billion divestitures.", "Strategic decisions and flat growth rate amidst transformation Strategic decisions resulted in a flat growth rate for IBM amidst a big transformation, including a $10 billion divestiture and a 50% portfolio change, showing the CEO's leadership and the team's hard work.", "Impact of the Red Hat acquisition and focus on hybrid cloud The $34 billion acquisition of Red Hat laid the foundation for IBM's hybrid cloud play, despite taking a short-term hit, showcasing the company's strategic vision and commitment to long-term success.", "Evolution of IBM's business focus and portfolio IBM's business evolved to focus 30% on consulting and 70% on software, cloud, and AI, with the modernization of mainframe and the significant growth of Red Hat as a crucial part of the software portfolio."]}], 'duration': 533.431, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3048641.jpg', 'highlights': ['The CEO led IBM through a challenging period with 22 consecutive quarters of revenue decline and the need to reinvent the company, resulting in a 50% portfolio change and $10 billion divestitures.', "IBM's business evolved to focus 30% on consulting and 70% on software, cloud, and AI, with the modernization of mainframe and the significant growth of Red Hat as a crucial part of the software portfolio.", "The $34 billion acquisition of Red Hat laid the foundation for IBM's hybrid cloud play, despite taking a short-term hit, showcasing the company's strategic vision and commitment to long-term success.", "Strategic decisions resulted in a flat growth rate for IBM amidst a big transformation, including a $10 billion divestiture and a 50% portfolio change, showing the CEO's leadership and the team's hard work.", 'The challenge was to separate the integrated process of research, development, and manufacturing for high performance chips to enable manufacturing to be done elsewhere while maintaining R&D.']}, {'end': 4705.407, 'segs': [{'end': 3644.463, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3620.63, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 3627.354, 'text': "You know, that belief that the real world would turn into, there'll be things on traditional that'll, you'll never move because it doesn't make sense.", 'start': 3620.63, 'duration': 6.724}, {'end': 3633.877, 'text': "There'll be private clouds for, you know, have all the benefit of the cloud, but they just don't have, you know, infinite expansion.", 'start': 3627.834, 'duration': 6.043}, {'end': 3637.739, 'text': "And then there'll be public clouds and you're going to have to connect them and be secure.", 'start': 3634.397, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 3640.841, 'text': "And that's what took us down the path with Red Hat, that belief.", 'start': 3638.36, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 3644.463, 'text': "The structure of that is fundamentally different than something that's consumer facing.", 'start': 3641.061, 'duration': 3.402}], 'summary': 'Hybrid clouds offer benefits of traditional and public clouds, with red hat providing a secure and unique structure.', 'duration': 23.833, 'max_score': 3620.63, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3620630.jpg'}, {'end': 3878.719, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3852.625, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3858.81, 'text': 'So we sort of fit in the spot, which is we would come in and live at that intersection of business and technology.', 'start': 3852.625, 'duration': 6.185}, {'end': 3862.073, 'text': "So yeah, we could give you recommendations and then we'd implement them and see them through,", 'start': 3858.87, 'duration': 3.203}, {'end': 3864.695, 'text': 'because we have the technology to go to the implementation and see them through.', 'start': 3862.073, 'duration': 2.622}, {'end': 3871.817, 'text': "And at the time back then, that's what, you know, there'd been five of those that had failed that the companies had bought other consulting firms.", 'start': 3865.035, 'duration': 6.782}, {'end': 3874.538, 'text': 'And, um, so we were okay.', 'start': 3872.217, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 3878.719, 'text': 'That was the great thing about, I mean, the harrowing thing about it was here, please go work on this.', 'start': 3874.578, 'duration': 4.141}], 'summary': 'We specialize in bridging business and technology, offering recommendations and implementation, having succeeded where five others failed.', 'duration': 26.094, 'max_score': 3852.625, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3852625.jpg'}, {'end': 3978.908, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3949.704, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3955.209, 'text': 'I can remember one of the guys, you know, he asked somebody, how long have you been with IBM? And the person answered 143 quarters.', 'start': 3949.704, 'duration': 5.505}, {'end': 3963.098, 'text': "Okay, that's a little enlightening about a business model, right? So we had the challenges of being private versus public.", 'start': 3956.03, 'duration': 7.068}, {'end': 3967.763, 'text': 'You have the challenge of when you acquire something like that, as I say, you acquire hearts, not parts.', 'start': 3963.598, 'duration': 4.165}, {'end': 3970.264, 'text': 'they could leave.', 'start': 3969.724, 'duration': 0.54}, {'end': 3972.465, 'text': 'I mean, you could destroy your value by them leaving.', 'start': 3970.304, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 3974.006, 'text': 'They can walk right out the door.', 'start': 3972.845, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 3978.908, 'text': 'I mean, yes, you can put lots of restraints, but still, that you have there.', 'start': 3974.026, 'duration': 4.882}], 'summary': 'Challenges of private vs. public, acquiring hearts not parts, risk of losing value.', 'duration': 29.204, 'max_score': 3949.704, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3949704.jpg'}, {'end': 4591.341, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4558.683, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 4559.803, 'text': 'write code, you know?', 'start': 4558.683, 'duration': 1.12}, {'end': 4566.165, 'text': 'And I remember, when we were trying to get the company to understand AI, we did something called a cognitive jam.', 'start': 4560.363, 'duration': 5.802}, {'end': 4569.346, 'text': "Okay, there's a reason we picked the word cognitive, by the way, instead of AI.", 'start': 4566.245, 'duration': 3.101}, {'end': 4570.467, 'text': 'Today we use the word AI.', 'start': 4569.406, 'duration': 1.061}, {'end': 4573.214, 'text': 'It was really symbolic.', 'start': 4572.014, 'duration': 1.2}, {'end': 4577.876, 'text': 'It was to mean, this is to help you think, not replace your thinking.', 'start': 4573.435, 'duration': 4.441}, {'end': 4581.778, 'text': 'There was so much in the zeitgeist about AI being a bad thing at that time.', 'start': 4578.056, 'duration': 3.722}, {'end': 4584.719, 'text': 'So that was why we picked a mouthful of a word like cognitive.', 'start': 4582.138, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 4587.52, 'text': 'And it was like, no, no, this is to help you actually.', 'start': 4585.019, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 4591.341, 'text': "So do what you do better or do something you haven't yet learned.", 'start': 4587.62, 'duration': 3.721}], 'summary': "Used 'cognitive' to represent ai as a thinking aid, not a replacement. aimed to counter negative perceptions of ai.", 'duration': 32.658, 'max_score': 4558.683, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M4558683.jpg'}, {'end': 4690.096, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4667.724, 'weight': 9, 'content': [{'end': 4675.889, 'text': 'just to ask, kind of like what your perception is, what your memory is of it, what is that moment? Like the seminal moment, I believe,', 'start': 4667.724, 'duration': 8.165}, {'end': 4683.053, 'text': 'probably one of the greatest moments in AI history when the machine first beat a human at a thing that humans thought.', 'start': 4675.889, 'duration': 7.164}, {'end': 4684.633, 'text': 'You make a very interesting point,', 'start': 4683.093, 'duration': 1.54}, {'end': 4690.096, 'text': "because it is like one of the first demonstrations of using a game to like bring something to people's consciousness right?", 'start': 4684.633, 'duration': 5.463}], 'summary': 'The seminal moment in ai history when the machine first beat a human at a game, a pivotal event in ai development.', 'duration': 22.372, 'max_score': 4667.724, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M4667724.jpg'}], 'start': 3582.712, 'title': "Ibm's enterprise cloud and consulting evolution", 'summary': "Delves into challenges faced by public cloud companies in adapting to enterprise needs, focusing on hybrid cloud solutions with red hat. it also covers ibm's evolution from pc to consulting, challenges in acquiring pwc, and the importance of experiential learning and perseverance in achieving a $19.5 billion valuation with $2.7 billion in profit.", 'chapters': [{'end': 3693.751, 'start': 3582.712, 'title': 'Navigating the enterprise cloud', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges faced by a public cloud company in adapting to enterprise needs, leading to the focus on hybrid cloud solutions with red hat and the difficulty of consumer companies moving into the enterprise.', 'duration': 111.039, 'highlights': ["The challenges of adapting public cloud for enterprise led to the focus on hybrid cloud solutions with Red Hat. The mission critical work wasn't tuned for the enterprise, leading to the focus on hybrid cloud solutions with Red Hat.", "The difficulty of consumer companies moving into the enterprise due to differences in requirements and relationships with enterprise clients. It's very hard to take something from the enterprise and come on down, as it requires simplicity, consumability, and relationships with the enterprise.", 'The limitations of the consumer-facing business in the enterprise due to high competition and the need for low costs. The consumer business is highly competitive and requires low costs, which are not the same as the requirements for an innovation-driven technology business.']}, {'end': 3970.264, 'start': 3694.252, 'title': "Ibm's evolution and consulting success", 'summary': "Discusses ibm's evolution from pc to consulting, challenges in acquiring pwc, and the importance of consulting in driving business and technology innovation.", 'duration': 276.012, 'highlights': ["IBM's acquisition of Monday, the consulting arm of PricewaterhouseCoopers, for $3.5 billion in 2002 The chapter discusses the challenges and negotiations involved in IBM's acquisition of Monday, the consulting arm of PricewaterhouseCoopers, for $3.5 billion in 2002, highlighting the complexities of balancing between IPO and acquisition and the significant difference between being a private and a public firm.", 'The importance of consulting in driving business and technology innovation The chapter emphasizes the role of consulting in driving business and technology innovation, focusing on the need to improve business and apply technology to see it through, and the value of helping clients get more value out of their technology and change the way their business works.', "IBM's evolution from PC to consulting The chapter explores IBM's evolution from PC to consulting, highlighting the challenges faced in a highly competitive field, the decision to move away from commoditized products, and the significance of maintaining brand strength and recognition worldwide."]}, {'end': 4705.407, 'start': 3970.304, 'title': 'Leadership, acquisition, and success', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges and successes of leading a major business acquisition, including overcoming client negotiation, managing team belief and motivation, and achieving a $19.5 billion valuation with $2.7 billion in profit, while emphasizing the importance of experiential learning and perseverance.', 'duration': 735.103, 'highlights': ['Achieving a $19.5 billion valuation with $2.7 billion in profit Successfully achieving a $19.5 billion valuation with $2.7 billion in profit, showcasing the consequential success of the acquisition.', 'Overcoming client negotiation challenges Discussing the challenges faced during client negotiations, including rapid impact on margins and the need for strategic turnaround strategies.', 'Emphasizing the importance of experiential learning and perseverance Underlining the significance of experiential learning and perseverance, such as initiating cloud application learning and cognitive jam sessions to foster understanding and innovation within the company.', 'Managing team belief and motivation Addressing the importance of managing team belief and motivation, highlighting the essential role of leadership in instilling confidence and driving success.']}], 'duration': 1122.695, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M3582712.jpg', 'highlights': ['The challenges of adapting public cloud for enterprise led to the focus on hybrid cloud solutions with Red Hat.', "IBM's acquisition of Monday, the consulting arm of PricewaterhouseCoopers, for $3.5 billion in 2002", 'Achieving a $19.5 billion valuation with $2.7 billion in profit', 'The difficulty of consumer companies moving into the enterprise due to differences in requirements and relationships with enterprise clients.', 'The importance of consulting in driving business and technology innovation', 'Emphasizing the importance of experiential learning and perseverance', 'The limitations of the consumer-facing business in the enterprise due to high competition and the need for low costs.', 'Overcoming client negotiation challenges', "IBM's evolution from PC to consulting", 'Managing team belief and motivation']}, {'end': 5549.745, 'segs': [{'end': 4734.187, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4705.948, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4710.932, 'text': 'But I think I understand properly of chess that chess has got a finite number of moves that can be made.', 'start': 4705.948, 'duration': 4.984}, {'end': 4715.897, 'text': "Therefore, if it's finite, really, what's a demonstration of a supercomputing right?", 'start': 4711.693, 'duration': 4.204}, {'end': 4719.72, 'text': "It's about the amount of time and how fast it can crunch through to find the right move.", 'start': 4715.957, 'duration': 3.763}, {'end': 4723.684, 'text': 'So in some ways, I thought of it as almost a bigger demonstration of that.', 'start': 4720.22, 'duration': 3.464}, {'end': 4726.004, 'text': 'But it is absolutely, as you said.', 'start': 4724.404, 'duration': 1.6}, {'end': 4734.187, 'text': "it was a motivator, one of the big milestones of AI, because it put in your consciousness that it's man in this other machine, right?,", 'start': 4726.004, 'duration': 8.183}], 'summary': 'Chess has a finite number of moves, showcasing supercomputing power and ai milestones.', 'duration': 28.239, 'max_score': 4705.948, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M4705948.jpg'}, {'end': 4766.903, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4743.87, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4754.456, 'text': "there is a romantic notion that chess is the embodiment of human intellect and the intelligence that you can't build a machine that can beat a chess champion in chess.", 'start': 4743.87, 'duration': 10.586}, {'end': 4757.518, 'text': 'And I was blessed by not being a chess expert.', 'start': 4754.536, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 4759.719, 'text': "So it's just a computation problem.", 'start': 4757.538, 'duration': 2.181}, {'end': 4761.1, 'text': "It's a computation problem to me.", 'start': 4759.799, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 4766.903, 'text': "Well, that's probably required to not be paralyzed by the immensity of the task.", 'start': 4761.4, 'duration': 5.503}], 'summary': "Chess is seen as the pinnacle of human intellect, but for some, it's just a computation problem.", 'duration': 23.033, 'max_score': 4743.87, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M4743870.jpg'}, {'end': 5273.248, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5246.282, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5249.463, 'text': 'In this case the unions voted for it because it felt people did a better job.', 'start': 5246.282, 'duration': 3.181}, {'end': 5255.224, 'text': "And that's just part about being really dedicated to help it help humanity, not destroy it.", 'start': 5249.983, 'duration': 5.241}, {'end': 5258.345, 'text': 'Speaking of which, a funny side note.', 'start': 5255.884, 'duration': 2.461}, {'end': 5262.586, 'text': "So Kubrick's 2001 Space Odyssey.", 'start': 5258.945, 'duration': 3.641}, {'end': 5270.047, 'text': "What do you think about the fact that HAL 9000 was named after IBM? I really don't think it was.", 'start': 5263.466, 'duration': 6.581}, {'end': 5271.668, 'text': "You don't think so? I really don't.", 'start': 5270.267, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 5273.248, 'text': 'It could be more fake news.', 'start': 5272.028, 'duration': 1.22}], 'summary': 'Unions voted for better job performance, dedication to help humanity, and a discussion about hal 9000 being named after ibm.', 'duration': 26.966, 'max_score': 5246.282, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M5246282.jpg'}], 'start': 4705.948, 'title': "Ai's impact and milestones", 'summary': "Discusses ai's milestone of defeating chess champion garry kasparov in 1997, showcasing the potential of algorithms, as well as the evolving impact of ai on society, the challenges of ai ethics, the importance of transparency and human involvement in ai development, and the need for regulations and discussions surrounding ai systems with human-like emotions.", 'chapters': [{'end': 4886.717, 'start': 4705.948, 'title': "Ai's milestone: defeating chess champion", 'summary': 'Discusses the milestone of ai defeating a human chess champion, garry kasparov, in 1997, which reinvigorated the dream of ai and showcased the potential of algorithms to accomplish intelligence.', 'duration': 180.769, 'highlights': ['The milestone of AI defeating a human chess champion, Garry Kasparov, in 1997, reinvigorated the dream of AI. This event showcased the potential of AI and its algorithms to accomplish intelligence, inspiring the belief that the human mind may just be algorithms.', 'Chess is seen as a computation problem rather than a demonstration of human intellect. The speaker views chess as a computation problem and not a demonstration of human intellect, emphasizing the role of algorithms and computation in achieving victory.', 'The event demonstrated the potential of simple algorithms to accomplish something considered as intelligence. The milestone showcased the possibility of simple algorithms achieving intelligence, challenging the traditional notion of human intellect and highlighting the capabilities of AI.']}, {'end': 5549.745, 'start': 4887.877, 'title': 'Ai impact and ethics', 'summary': 'Discusses the evolution of ai, its impact on society, the challenges of ai ethics, and the importance of transparency and human involvement in ai development, highlighting the role of watson in humanizing ai and the need for regulations and discussions surrounding the treatment of ai systems with human-like emotions.', 'duration': 661.868, 'highlights': ["The impact of AI on society and the challenges of AI ethics are discussed, emphasizing the need for transparency and human involvement in AI development. AI's transformative impact on society, the importance of transparency and human involvement in AI development, the challenges of AI ethics", "The role of Watson in humanizing AI and setting high expectations for AI capabilities is highlighted, along with its potential to improve decision-making in various fields. Watson's role in humanizing AI, its potential to improve decision-making in various fields", 'The need for regulations and discussions regarding the treatment of AI systems with human-like emotions is emphasized, raising important ethical questions and considerations. The need for regulations and discussions regarding the treatment of AI systems with human-like emotions, ethical considerations']}], 'duration': 843.797, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M4705948.jpg', 'highlights': ['The milestone of AI defeating a human chess champion, Garry Kasparov, in 1997, reinvigorated the dream of AI, showcasing the potential of AI and its algorithms to accomplish intelligence, inspiring the belief that the human mind may just be algorithms.', "The impact of AI on society and the challenges of AI ethics are discussed, emphasizing the need for transparency and human involvement in AI development. AI's transformative impact on society, the importance of transparency and human involvement in AI development, the challenges of AI ethics", 'The need for regulations and discussions regarding the treatment of AI systems with human-like emotions is emphasized, raising important ethical questions and considerations. The need for regulations and discussions regarding the treatment of AI systems with human-like emotions, ethical considerations', 'The event demonstrated the potential of simple algorithms to accomplish something considered as intelligence. The milestone showcased the possibility of simple algorithms achieving intelligence, challenging the traditional notion of human intellect and highlighting the capabilities of AI.', "The role of Watson in humanizing AI and setting high expectations for AI capabilities is highlighted, along with its potential to improve decision-making in various fields. Watson's role in humanizing AI, its potential to improve decision-making in various fields", 'Chess is seen as a computation problem rather than a demonstration of human intellect. The speaker views chess as a computation problem and not a demonstration of human intellect, emphasizing the role of algorithms and computation in achieving victory.']}, {'end': 6726.393, 'segs': [{'end': 5591.562, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5565.737, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5570.521, 'text': "People won't trust the technologies, I don't think, unless they have transparency into those things.", 'start': 5565.737, 'duration': 4.784}, {'end': 5571.902, 'text': "In the end, they won't really trust it.", 'start': 5570.641, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 5580.488, 'text': 'I think a lot of people would like to know, sort of, because a lot of us, I certainly do, suffer from imposter syndrome.', 'start': 5572.262, 'duration': 8.226}, {'end': 5582.35, 'text': 'that self-critical brain.', 'start': 5581.329, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 5588.358, 'text': 'So, you know, taking that big step into leadership, did you at times suffer from imposter syndrome?', 'start': 5582.37, 'duration': 5.988}, {'end': 5589.66, 'text': 'Like, how did I get here??', 'start': 5588.398, 'duration': 1.262}, {'end': 5590.681, 'text': 'Do I really belong here?', 'start': 5589.76, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 5591.562, 'text': 'Or did you?', 'start': 5591.121, 'duration': 0.441}], 'summary': 'Transparency in technology is crucial for gaining trust. imposter syndrome is a common challenge in leadership roles.', 'duration': 25.825, 'max_score': 5565.737, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M5565737.jpg'}, {'end': 5696.541, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5670.741, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 5682.995, 'text': "So what's the trajectory, let's say, of your self-definition journey, of you discovering who you are from having that very difficult upbringing?", 'start': 5670.741, 'duration': 12.254}, {'end': 5688.979, 'text': "know, they say pivotal moments happen and you don't realize it when they're happening.", 'start': 5684.398, 'duration': 4.581}, {'end': 5692.14, 'text': 'so most of my, i feel like most of my self-discovery.', 'start': 5688.979, 'duration': 3.161}, {'end': 5696.541, 'text': "it's been like something happens in a year or two or some number later.", 'start': 5692.14, 'duration': 4.401}], 'summary': 'Self-definition journey shaped by difficult upbringing, pivotal moments, and gradual self-discovery.', 'duration': 25.8, 'max_score': 5670.741, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M5670741.jpg'}, {'end': 6419.022, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6392.813, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 6397.22, 'text': "I'm like, and I thought to myself like ding one of those moments.", 'start': 6392.813, 'duration': 4.407}, {'end': 6403.147, 'text': "if my own sister feels that way, with all her credentials, i'll bet i went back to work the next day and i said, hey,", 'start': 6397.22, 'duration': 5.927}, {'end': 6410.133, 'text': "pull for me all the people who've left for parental reasons and or whatever family reasons and didn't come back.", 'start': 6403.147, 'duration': 6.986}, {'end': 6414.838, 'text': "and it began a program of returnships, and i can't tell you how many in men and women was.", 'start': 6410.133, 'duration': 4.705}, {'end': 6416.419, 'text': "because they didn't feel confident to come back.", 'start': 6414.838, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 6419.022, 'text': 'they thought technology passed them by.', 'start': 6416.419, 'duration': 2.603}], 'summary': 'Initiated returnship program for employees on parental leave, resulting in increased confidence and return of numerous employees.', 'duration': 26.209, 'max_score': 6392.813, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M6392813.jpg'}, {'end': 6450.609, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6427.636, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 6434.797, 'text': "i actually know more than i think you know, and and i so It was a long answer to your question about I didn't,", 'start': 6427.636, 'duration': 7.161}, {'end': 6439.761, 'text': 'but I am so empathetic and I am in awe of what they are able to do.', 'start': 6434.797, 'duration': 4.964}, {'end': 6446.826, 'text': 'And it made me then, I think, more empathetic to the policies and the like around that topic so you could keep great people in the workforce.', 'start': 6440.541, 'duration': 6.285}, {'end': 6450.609, 'text': "So you mentioned you're friends with Maya Barra, the CEO of GM.", 'start': 6447.107, 'duration': 3.502}], 'summary': 'The speaker gained empathy and understanding from an experience, leading to a more empathetic approach to workforce policies and a connection to the ceo of gm, maya barra.', 'duration': 22.973, 'max_score': 6427.636, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M6427636.jpg'}, {'end': 6568.707, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6528.645, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 6530.605, 'text': 'And we are friends, all of us.', 'start': 6528.645, 'duration': 1.96}, {'end': 6539.008, 'text': "And I can remember some of them, when I first became a CEO, calling me and saying, hey, it's a little lonely here, so let me talk to you.", 'start': 6531.306, 'duration': 7.702}, {'end': 6541.409, 'text': 'And then when they became, I did the same for them.', 'start': 6539.588, 'duration': 1.821}, {'end': 6544.73, 'text': 'And then they remember, and they do for the next generation.', 'start': 6541.429, 'duration': 3.301}, {'end': 6550.154, 'text': "And so it's a very supportive.", 'start': 6545.47, 'duration': 4.684}, {'end': 6551.235, 'text': 'almost to a T.', 'start': 6550.154, 'duration': 1.081}, {'end': 6557.219, 'text': 'any of the women you could name who have been CEOs I would say almost to a T have all been very supportive.', 'start': 6551.235, 'duration': 5.984}, {'end': 6560.482, 'text': 'In fact, a number of us work on another non-for-profit right now called Journey.', 'start': 6557.259, 'duration': 3.223}, {'end': 6568.707, 'text': "which some women who had started the Fortune's Most Powerful Women had started, which was could we get more women particularly diverse women,", 'start': 6561.743, 'duration': 6.964}], 'summary': 'Ceos support each other, a number work on non-profit to empower diverse women.', 'duration': 40.062, 'max_score': 6528.645, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M6528645.jpg'}], 'start': 5549.745, 'title': 'Trust in technology and leadership insights', 'summary': "Emphasizes the importance of transparency in technology to build trust, discusses imposter syndrome, overcoming societal gender norms, and highlights jeannie rometty's leadership insights on empathy, relationships, and mentorship for women in leadership roles.", 'chapters': [{'end': 5611.059, 'start': 5549.745, 'title': 'Trust in technology and imposter syndrome', 'summary': "Discusses the importance of transparency in technology, highlighting that people won't trust it unless they have transparency, and also touches on imposter syndrome in leadership roles.", 'duration': 61.314, 'highlights': ["People won't trust technologies without transparency, impacting their trust in areas like healthcare. This lack of trust in technology is a significant concern for adoption and utilization.", 'Imposter syndrome is a common experience for individuals, including those in leadership roles, causing self-doubt and a lack of confidence in their abilities.', 'The discussion includes the challenges of imposter syndrome in leadership, emphasizing the natural self-critical thoughts and the need for courage and confidence to overcome them.']}, {'end': 6427.636, 'start': 5611.78, 'title': 'Overcoming imposter syndrome and gender norms', 'summary': "Explores the speaker's journey of overcoming imposter syndrome, societal expectations regarding gender in the workplace, and finding work-life balance, emphasizing the importance of confidence, self-awareness, and empathy, while highlighting the impact of societal pressure and the need for role models.", 'duration': 815.856, 'highlights': ['The speaker emphasizes the importance of confidence and self-awareness in overcoming imposter syndrome and societal expectations regarding gender in the workplace. Importance of confidence and self-awareness, overcoming imposter syndrome and societal expectations regarding gender', 'The speaker highlights the impact of societal pressure and the need for role models to navigate challenges in the workplace. Impact of societal pressure, the need for role models in the workplace', 'The speaker discusses the importance of empathy and understanding the challenges faced by individuals balancing work and family responsibilities, leading to the implementation of programs to support returning employees. Importance of empathy, understanding work-family balance, implementation of programs supporting returning employees']}, {'end': 6726.393, 'start': 6427.636, 'title': "Jeannie rometty's leadership insights", 'summary': "Discusses jeannie rometty's insights on leadership, including the importance of empathy, relationships, and mentorship for women in leadership roles, with a focus on supporting and empowering the next generation of leaders.", 'duration': 298.757, 'highlights': ["Jeannie Rometty emphasizes the importance of empathy and being in awe of others' abilities, leading to a greater understanding of policies and the need to retain great people in the workforce.", 'Rometty highlights the significance of authentic leadership, exemplified by her admiration for Mary Barra, the CEO of GM, and the exchange of wisdom and support among female leaders.', "The chapter underscores the value of relationships as a source of fuel and emphasizes the importance of giving in order to receive support, with Rometty's experience demonstrating the enduring nature of non-transactional relationships in her professional network.", 'The discussion delves into the supportive nature of women CEOs, their involvement in non-profit initiatives like Journey to promote diversity in leadership, and their dedication to mentoring and nurturing future leaders, emphasizing the core role of friendship and love in achieving success and supporting the human condition.', "Jeannie Rometty's advice for young people centers on leaving a positive impact, embracing patience, and maintaining a curious, learning mindset, emphasizing the significance of asking questions and letting life unfold to discover unexpected opportunities."]}], 'duration': 1176.648, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/XiCxj-bXu5M/pics/XiCxj-bXu5M5549745.jpg', 'highlights': ["People won't trust technologies without transparency, impacting their trust in areas like healthcare. This lack of trust in technology is a significant concern for adoption and utilization.", 'Imposter syndrome is a common experience for individuals, including those in leadership roles, causing self-doubt and a lack of confidence in their abilities.', 'The speaker emphasizes the importance of confidence and self-awareness in overcoming imposter syndrome and societal expectations regarding gender in the workplace.', 'The speaker highlights the impact of societal pressure and the need for role models to navigate challenges in the workplace.', "Jeannie Rometty emphasizes the importance of empathy and being in awe of others' abilities, leading to a greater understanding of policies and the need to retain great people in the workforce.", "The chapter underscores the value of relationships as a source of fuel and emphasizes the importance of giving in order to receive support, with Rometty's experience demonstrating the enduring nature of non-transactional relationships in her professional network.", "Jeannie Rometty's advice for young people centers on leaving a positive impact, embracing patience, and maintaining a curious, learning mindset, emphasizing the significance of asking questions and letting life unfold to discover unexpected opportunities."]}], 'highlights': ['Leaders must make unpopular decisions for long-term success, e.g. job changes.', 'The CEO led IBM through a challenging period with 22 consecutive quarters of revenue decline and the need to reinvent the company, resulting in a 50% portfolio change and $10 billion divestitures.', 'The milestone of AI defeating a human chess champion, Garry Kasparov, in 1997, reinvigorated the dream of AI, showcasing the potential of AI and its algorithms to accomplish intelligence, inspiring the belief that the human mind may just be algorithms.', 'The importance of embracing discomfort and self-criticism for growth is emphasized, as exemplified through personal experiences and discussion on the balance between confidence and self-critique in the workplace.', "People won't trust technologies without transparency, impacting their trust in areas like healthcare. This lack of trust in technology is a significant concern for adoption and utilization."]}