title
MongoDB and Mongoose | Creating a REST API with Node.js
description
Time to not only handle our data in the endpoints (and then let the data go into the void) but to actually add a database: MongoDB!
Join the full MongoDB course: https://acad.link/mongodb
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Dive into the full Node.js REST series: https://academind.com/learn/node-js/building-a-restful-api-with/
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----------
MongoDB Docs: https://www.mongodb.com/
Mongoose Docs: http://mongoosejs.com/docs/guide.html
Source Code: https://github.com/academind/node-restful-api-tutorial/tree/05-add-mongodb-and-mongoose
----------
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detail
{'title': 'MongoDB and Mongoose | Creating a REST API with Node.js', 'heatmap': [{'end': 503.023, 'start': 454.201, 'weight': 0.937}, {'end': 713.818, 'start': 665.667, 'weight': 0.748}], 'summary': 'Tutorial covers integrating mongodb with node.js for restful services, setting up mongodb on aws, configuring mongodb in node.js with mongoose, working with mongoose in routes files, accessing product data, improving response handling and database operations, and implementing promises, error handling, and mongoose patch requests.', 'chapters': [{'end': 134.178, 'segs': [{'end': 53.384, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 23.583, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 33.213, 'text': "We're going to add MongoDB as a database and Mongoose as a package to work with that database to store data, get data and so on.", 'start': 23.583, 'duration': 9.63}, {'end': 35.155, 'text': "So let's dive into that.", 'start': 33.753, 'duration': 1.402}, {'end': 40.96, 'text': "as i said, i'll be using mongodb.", 'start': 39.019, 'duration': 1.941}, {'end': 53.384, 'text': "you could also use a sql based database and you can always search for sql versus no sql to find a lot of discussions of about when to choose which i'll go with mongodb here.", 'start': 40.96, 'duration': 12.424}], 'summary': 'Adding mongodb and mongoose for data storage and retrieval.', 'duration': 29.801, 'max_score': 23.583, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw23583.jpg'}, {'end': 107.365, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 79.142, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 81.164, 'text': "I'll use MongoDB Atlas though.", 'start': 79.142, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 91.533, 'text': "Now, what is MongoDB Atlas? It's simply a MongoDB database in the cloud managed by the company behind MongoDB.", 'start': 81.424, 'duration': 10.109}, {'end': 93.915, 'text': 'And we can get started with that for free.', 'start': 92.073, 'duration': 1.842}, {'end': 97.237, 'text': 'Why am I using that? Because if we.', 'start': 94.375, 'duration': 2.862}, {'end': 98.819, 'text': 'Think to the end.', 'start': 97.958, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 102.121, 'text': 'We obviously want to deploy our API at some point.', 'start': 98.999, 'duration': 3.122}, {'end': 107.365, 'text': 'And building a really scalable MongoDB on your own.', 'start': 102.522, 'duration': 4.843}], 'summary': 'Using mongodb atlas, a free cloud-managed mongodb database, for scalable api deployment.', 'duration': 28.223, 'max_score': 79.142, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw79142.jpg'}], 'start': 2.791, 'title': 'Integrating mongodb into node restful services', 'summary': 'Discusses the integration of mongodb using mongodb atlas with node restful services, highlighting the advantages of free initial usage, scalability, and aws hosting.', 'chapters': [{'end': 134.178, 'start': 2.791, 'title': 'Adding mongodb to node restful services', 'summary': 'Discusses adding mongodb as a database using mongodb atlas to our node restful services to manage and store data, providing the advantage of being a database as a service with free initial usage and scalability, hosted on aws.', 'duration': 131.387, 'highlights': ['MongoDB Atlas is a cloud-based managed MongoDB database provided by the company behind MongoDB, offering free initial usage and scalability for deploying our API, hosted on AWS.', 'The chapter emphasizes the advantage of using MongoDB Atlas as a database as a service, which eliminates the need to manage a cluster of databases and replicating data, providing a scalable solution for deploying our API.', 'Mongoose is introduced as a package to work with MongoDB as the database to store and retrieve data for our Node RESTful services, offering functionality to manage the data received from the routes for products and orders.']}], 'duration': 131.387, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw2791.jpg', 'highlights': ['MongoDB Atlas offers free initial usage and scalability for deploying our API on AWS.', 'Using MongoDB Atlas eliminates the need to manage a cluster of databases and replicating data, providing a scalable solution for deploying our API.', 'Mongoose is introduced as a package to work with MongoDB for our Node RESTful services.']}, {'end': 303.753, 'segs': [{'end': 220.28, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 134.418, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 136.199, 'text': 'So you can simply choose a region here.', 'start': 134.418, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 139.22, 'text': "Now, I'll pick an American one, North Virginia.", 'start': 136.519, 'duration': 2.701}, {'end': 144.144, 'text': 'and then if you choose m0 as a size.', 'start': 140.2, 'duration': 3.944}, {'end': 149.449, 'text': "so regarding the power you have available and so on, you see it doesn't cost anything.", 'start': 144.144, 'duration': 5.305}, {'end': 156.096, 'text': "now you can of course pick a paid one for real applications, but for playing around i'll use that now.", 'start': 149.449, 'duration': 6.647}, {'end': 159.299, 'text': "you can see you don't need a credit card to get started.", 'start': 156.096, 'duration': 3.203}, {'end': 160.821, 'text': "so let's just get started.", 'start': 159.299, 'duration': 1.522}, {'end': 162.502, 'text': "i'm quickly going to fill this out here.", 'start': 160.821, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 167.266, 'text': 'once you did sign up, you can choose a name for your cluster.', 'start': 163.263, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 170.808, 'text': "i'm going to name this node rest shop, because that's what we're building here.", 'start': 167.266, 'duration': 3.542}, {'end': 172.769, 'text': 'you can choose whatever you want.', 'start': 170.808, 'duration': 1.961}, {'end': 180.114, 'text': "you can choose the mongodb version, though here it basically i'll stick to the default here, the cloud provider.", 'start': 172.769, 'duration': 7.345}, {'end': 186.419, 'text': "so there you could also switch to a different one, but i'll stick to aws, the region you want to use on that provider.", 'start': 180.114, 'duration': 6.305}, {'end': 191.122, 'text': 'and, and then important, make sure to select the free tier.', 'start': 186.419, 'duration': 4.703}, {'end': 194.825, 'text': 'so the hourly cost should switch to zero dollars.', 'start': 191.122, 'duration': 3.703}, {'end': 199.148, 'text': "so make sure that this is selected and you don't accidentally pick a paid one if you don't want that.", 'start': 194.825, 'duration': 4.323}, {'end': 205.445, 'text': 'These are all shared clusters, which might not be the best choice for running it in production but for development.', 'start': 200.199, 'duration': 5.246}, {'end': 205.945, 'text': "that's great.", 'start': 205.445, 'duration': 0.5}, {'end': 211.451, 'text': "And then down there, do you want a sharded cluster? We don't want to take all of that.", 'start': 207.166, 'duration': 4.285}, {'end': 214.314, 'text': "You can enable backup, but it'll cost money.", 'start': 211.851, 'duration': 2.463}, {'end': 220.28, 'text': "Thereafter, you'll need to create an admin username and password, so we'll quickly do that.", 'start': 214.935, 'duration': 5.345}], 'summary': 'Setting up a free mongodb cluster on aws, no credit card required, free tier selected, suitable for development.', 'duration': 85.862, 'max_score': 134.418, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw134418.jpg'}, {'end': 303.753, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 279.659, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 286.223, 'text': 'And I simply clicked add current IP address to add my current IP address or allow access from anywhere.', 'start': 279.659, 'duration': 6.564}, {'end': 290.045, 'text': 'So that of course might not be what you want.', 'start': 286.583, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 292.867, 'text': 'You might not want everyone to be able to access this.', 'start': 290.105, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 295.008, 'text': 'So choose whichever setup you want.', 'start': 292.907, 'duration': 2.101}, {'end': 299.991, 'text': "I'll use that though to also be able to access this again once my IP address changed.", 'start': 295.428, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 303.753, 'text': "And with that set up, let's go back to overview.", 'start': 301.809, 'duration': 1.944}], 'summary': 'Add current ip address for access, consider security preferences, and set up for future ip address changes.', 'duration': 24.094, 'max_score': 279.659, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw279659.jpg'}], 'start': 134.418, 'title': 'Setting up mongodb cluster on aws', 'summary': 'Details the process of setting up a mongodb cluster on aws, selecting the free tier, creating an admin username and password, and configuring security settings to whitelist ip addresses, all without needing a credit card.', 'chapters': [{'end': 303.753, 'start': 134.418, 'title': 'Setting up mongodb cluster on aws', 'summary': 'Details the process of setting up a mongodb cluster on aws, selecting the free tier to avoid costs, creating an admin username and password, and configuring security settings to whitelist ip addresses for access, all without needing a credit card.', 'duration': 169.335, 'highlights': ['The chapter details the process of setting up a MongoDB cluster on AWS. Setting up MongoDB cluster, AWS', 'Selecting the free tier to avoid costs. Selection of free tier, Cost avoidance', 'Creating an admin username and password for the MongoDB cluster. Creation of admin username and password, MongoDB cluster', 'Configuring security settings to whitelist IP addresses for access. Configuring security settings, Whitelisting IP addresses', 'The process does not require a credit card for setup. No requirement for credit card']}], 'duration': 169.335, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw134418.jpg', 'highlights': ['Setting up MongoDB cluster on AWS', 'Creating admin username and password for MongoDB cluster', 'Configuring security settings to whitelist IP addresses', 'Selecting free tier to avoid costs', 'No requirement for credit card']}, {'end': 503.023, 'segs': [{'end': 351.928, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 304.234, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 313.811, 'text': "And even if it's not finished yet, it is here for me though, you can click on connect here and connect your application.", 'start': 304.234, 'duration': 9.577}, {'end': 323.832, 'text': "and there you will find the url you'll basically need to use to connect your application to your instance.", 'start': 314.864, 'duration': 8.968}, {'end': 330.238, 'text': "here you can click copy here to simply copy that, and we'll need this in our node.js app.", 'start': 323.832, 'duration': 6.406}, {'end': 337.783, 'text': "we'll also need to replace the password, and with that we could see what they suggest us as drivers here for node.", 'start': 330.238, 'duration': 7.545}, {'end': 346.106, 'text': "for example, they suggest the official mongo client, but i'm going to use mongoose, which is a different package that makes working with data,", 'start': 337.783, 'duration': 8.323}, {'end': 349.807, 'text': 'with schemas, fetching and storing data super simple.', 'start': 346.106, 'duration': 3.701}, {'end': 351.928, 'text': "so i won't use their official client.", 'start': 349.807, 'duration': 2.121}], 'summary': 'Instructions on connecting application to instance and using mongoose for data management.', 'duration': 47.694, 'max_score': 304.234, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw304234.jpg'}, {'end': 402.367, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 372.036, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 380.521, 'text': 'now, with that finished, you can now obviously start using it, and i will start using it in the app.js file where i want to set up a connection.', 'start': 372.036, 'duration': 8.485}, {'end': 387.493, 'text': 'Now I will connect to my database here in the app.js file where we start our application.', 'start': 381.707, 'duration': 5.786}, {'end': 394.279, 'text': "For that I'll first of all import Mongoose here by simply adding require Mongoose like that.", 'start': 388.073, 'duration': 6.206}, {'end': 402.367, 'text': "And then here I'll call Mongoose connect.", 'start': 395.52, 'duration': 6.847}], 'summary': 'Setting up mongoose connection in app.js for database interaction.', 'duration': 30.331, 'max_score': 372.036, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw372036.jpg'}, {'end': 481.533, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 454.201, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 462.345, 'text': 'and there we can now define all the environment variables we want to use, like for example here mongo atlas, pw.', 'start': 454.201, 'duration': 8.144}, {'end': 469.207, 'text': "so i'll add this here as a name and the value will be the password we chose on mongo atlas.", 'start': 462.345, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 474.029, 'text': "with that we should be able to get this dynamically and we don't have to hard code it in our code.", 'start': 469.207, 'duration': 4.822}, {'end': 481.533, 'text': "now i'll add a second argument to this connect function, an object where I will set use Mongo client to true,", 'start': 474.029, 'duration': 7.504}], 'summary': 'Defining environment variables for mongodb connection to avoid hardcoding, and setting usemongoclient to true.', 'duration': 27.332, 'max_score': 454.201, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw454201.jpg'}, {'end': 503.023, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 454.201, 'weight': 0.937, 'content': [{'end': 462.345, 'text': 'and there we can now define all the environment variables we want to use, like for example here mongo atlas, pw.', 'start': 454.201, 'duration': 8.144}, {'end': 469.207, 'text': "so i'll add this here as a name and the value will be the password we chose on mongo atlas.", 'start': 462.345, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 474.029, 'text': "with that we should be able to get this dynamically and we don't have to hard code it in our code.", 'start': 469.207, 'duration': 4.822}, {'end': 481.533, 'text': "now i'll add a second argument to this connect function, an object where I will set use Mongo client to true,", 'start': 474.029, 'duration': 7.504}, {'end': 493.639, 'text': 'so that under the hood it will use the MongoDB client for connecting, which is the recommended way for using Mongoose when using Mongo version 4.x,', 'start': 481.533, 'duration': 12.106}, {'end': 503.023, 'text': 'which we do on our Mongo Atlas, which is the recommended way of using this when using Mongoose version 4.x or higher, which we do,', 'start': 493.639, 'duration': 9.384}], 'summary': 'Defining environment variables for mongodb connection, using mongo client for connecting.', 'duration': 48.822, 'max_score': 454.201, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw454201.jpg'}], 'start': 304.234, 'title': 'Setting up mongodb in node.js with mongoose', 'summary': 'Covers setting up mongodb in a node.js application using mongoose, highlighting simplicity and ease of use. it also explains connecting to the database in app.js, including importing mongoose, using environment variables, and configuring nodemon.', 'chapters': [{'end': 372.036, 'start': 304.234, 'title': 'Setting up mongodb with mongoose in node.js', 'summary': 'Explains the process of setting up mongodb in a node.js application using mongoose, emphasizing the simplicity and ease of use of the mongoose package for working with data.', 'duration': 67.802, 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the use of Mongoose over the official mongo client for its simplicity and ease of use in working with data, schemas, fetching, and storing data.', 'It mentions the process of connecting the application to the instance by obtaining the URL, copying it, and utilizing it in the Node.js app.', 'The chapter also touches upon the need to replace the password and suggests the installation of Mongoose using npm install command.']}, {'end': 503.023, 'start': 372.036, 'title': 'Setting up mongodb connection in app.js', 'summary': 'Details setting up a mongodb connection in app.js, including importing mongoose, connecting to the database, using environment variables, and configuring nodemon to work with environment variables in nodemon.json.', 'duration': 130.987, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains how to import Mongoose and use Mongoose connect to establish a connection to the MongoDB database in the app.js file.', 'It also emphasizes the use of environment variables to store sensitive information, such as passwords, and recommends using process environment variables to avoid hardcoding them in the code.', 'Additionally, it demonstrates configuring nodemon to work with environment variables by creating a nodemon.json file and setting up environment variables within it.', 'Furthermore, it mentions setting useMongoClient to true as a second argument in the connect function to utilize the MongoDB client for connecting, which is recommended for Mongoose version 4.x or higher.']}], 'duration': 198.789, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw304234.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the use of Mongoose for its simplicity and ease of use in working with data, schemas, fetching, and storing data.', 'The chapter explains how to import Mongoose and use Mongoose connect to establish a connection to the MongoDB database in the app.js file.', 'It mentions the process of connecting the application to the instance by obtaining the URL, copying it, and utilizing it in the Node.js app.', 'It also emphasizes the use of environment variables to store sensitive information, such as passwords, and recommends using process environment variables to avoid hardcoding them in the code.']}, {'end': 987.173, 'segs': [{'end': 560.142, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 503.023, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 503.724, 'text': 'as you can see here.', 'start': 503.023, 'duration': 0.701}, {'end': 505.826, 'text': "Now with that, let's try it out.", 'start': 504.605, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 508.828, 'text': "And for that, let's go to the routes file.", 'start': 505.906, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 517.113, 'text': "And then let's say for products, when we post a new product with a name and a price, let's say we wanna store that in the database.", 'start': 509.008, 'duration': 8.105}, {'end': 520.816, 'text': 'Now to do that, I will use Mongoose.', 'start': 518.034, 'duration': 2.782}, {'end': 524.158, 'text': "And for that, I'll first of all need a Mongoose model.", 'start': 521.176, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 530.322, 'text': 'Because Mongoose, and this is no in-depth Mongoose course or video, but Mongoose works with models and schemas.', 'start': 524.198, 'duration': 6.124}, {'end': 534.885, 'text': 'So you define how objects you store in the database should look like.', 'start': 530.602, 'duration': 4.283}, {'end': 540.009, 'text': 'And then you create a model based on that, which is just a JavaScript object, to put it simple.', 'start': 535.345, 'duration': 4.664}, {'end': 549.575, 'text': 'And then this model will have a couple of functions you can use to save data, update data, fetch data by ID, by other criteria, order it.', 'start': 540.429, 'duration': 9.146}, {'end': 553.157, 'text': 'merge different data sets and so on.', 'start': 550.516, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 560.142, 'text': "So that's what Mongoose offers for you and I can always recommend checking out the official docs to which you'll find a link in the video description.", 'start': 553.177, 'duration': 6.965}], 'summary': 'Using mongoose to create a model for storing product data in the database.', 'duration': 57.119, 'max_score': 503.023, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw503023.jpg'}, {'end': 618.88, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 589.903, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 596.366, 'text': 'And I will use Mongoose and on Mongoose the schema method here essentially,', 'start': 589.903, 'duration': 6.463}, {'end': 601.249, 'text': 'to which I pass a JavaScript object which defines how my product should look like.', 'start': 596.366, 'duration': 4.883}, {'end': 606.952, 'text': "Now, my product should have an ID, and I'll use underscore ID here, which is kind of a convention.", 'start': 601.769, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 609.752, 'text': 'which will be of type.', 'start': 608.271, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 610.933, 'text': 'that is how you configure it.', 'start': 609.752, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 618.88, 'text': 'the value here is the type of data this will be, which will be of type mongoose types and then object ID.', 'start': 610.933, 'duration': 7.947}], 'summary': 'Using mongoose schema method to define product structure with an id of type mongoose object id.', 'duration': 28.977, 'max_score': 589.903, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw589903.jpg'}, {'end': 713.818, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 665.667, 'weight': 0.748, 'content': [{'end': 673.329, 'text': "So I'll set up module exports here and set this equal to Mongoose model.", 'start': 665.667, 'duration': 7.662}, {'end': 677.147, 'text': 'And now that model function takes two arguments.', 'start': 675.066, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 680.107, 'text': 'The first is the name of the model as you want to use it internally.', 'start': 677.187, 'duration': 2.92}, {'end': 681.468, 'text': "I'll name this product.", 'start': 680.507, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 684.728, 'text': 'The convention here is to use an uppercase starting character.', 'start': 681.728, 'duration': 3}, {'end': 688.509, 'text': 'And then the second argument is the schema you want to use for that model.', 'start': 685.489, 'duration': 3.02}, {'end': 694.331, 'text': 'With that we get our product model set up, we can now use the products.js file in the routing folder.', 'start': 689.33, 'duration': 5.001}, {'end': 695.631, 'text': 'For that.', 'start': 695.111, 'duration': 0.52}, {'end': 707.156, 'text': "I'll import my product here with capital P here too as a constant name, and I'll import it from my models file and there from the product file.", 'start': 695.631, 'duration': 11.525}, {'end': 709.376, 'text': 'of course, that is where we just defined it.', 'start': 707.156, 'duration': 2.22}, {'end': 713.818, 'text': 'Now here in post, I can use it to store data.', 'start': 710.177, 'duration': 3.641}], 'summary': 'Setting up a product model using mongoose with a defined schema for internal use, and importing it for data storage.', 'duration': 48.151, 'max_score': 665.667, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw665667.jpg'}, {'end': 881.805, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 853.389, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 857.517, 'text': "Now let's save that and let's rerun npm start to run nodemon again.", 'start': 853.389, 'duration': 4.128}, {'end': 859.46, 'text': 'And I get an error here.', 'start': 858.238, 'duration': 1.222}, {'end': 865.728, 'text': 'You see that I got undefined object ID in my schema file.', 'start': 860.643, 'duration': 5.085}, {'end': 868.411, 'text': "So let's have a look at what's going wrong there.", 'start': 866.609, 'duration': 1.802}, {'end': 873.136, 'text': 'The problem I have here is I used it a bit incorrectly.', 'start': 869.592, 'duration': 3.544}, {'end': 881.805, 'text': 'This mongoose types object ID is the constructor function, which I correctly use here in products.js here to create the ID.', 'start': 873.617, 'duration': 8.188}], 'summary': 'Error encountered: undefined object id in schema file while using mongoose types object id.', 'duration': 28.416, 'max_score': 853.389, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw853389.jpg'}], 'start': 503.023, 'title': 'Working with mongoose in routes file', 'summary': 'Covers storing new products, defining mongoose models and schemas, and utilizing functions for data manipulation. it also discusses setting up a product schema, handling post requests, and demonstrating sending a post request and error handling.', 'chapters': [{'end': 560.142, 'start': 503.023, 'title': 'Working with mongoose in routes file', 'summary': 'Covers working with mongoose in the routes file to store new products in the database, defining mongoose models and schemas, and utilizing various functions for data manipulation.', 'duration': 57.119, 'highlights': ['Mongoose works with models and schemas to define how objects stored in the database should look like, offering functions for saving, updating, and fetching data, among others.', 'Creating a Mongoose model allows for using functions to save data, update data, fetch data by ID, by other criteria, order it, merge different data sets, and more.', 'The chapter demonstrates storing new products in the database using Mongoose in the routes file by defining models and utilizing functions for data manipulation.']}, {'end': 987.173, 'start': 560.763, 'title': 'Setting up mongoose model and product schema', 'summary': 'Discusses setting up a product schema using mongoose, including defining the schema, exporting it as a model, and handling post requests to store data in the database, with a demonstration of sending a post request and handling errors.', 'duration': 426.41, 'highlights': ['The schema method in Mongoose is used to define how a product should look like, including defining the ID as an object ID, name as a string, and price as a number, with the product schema exported as a model for use internally.', 'A new instance of the product model is created to store data, with the product object created using Mongoose and then saved to the database using the save method provided by Mongoose, with the result of the operation logged to the console and potential errors caught and logged as well.', 'Errors are handled, including correcting the usage of the mongoose types object ID constructor function in defining the ID type, and fixing a syntax error in the post request body, and the process of sending a post request using Postman and getting back the response of the created product from the database is demonstrated.']}], 'duration': 484.15, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw503023.jpg', 'highlights': ['Mongoose works with models and schemas to define how objects stored in the database should look like, offering functions for saving, updating, and fetching data, among others.', 'Creating a Mongoose model allows for using functions to save data, update data, fetch data by ID, by other criteria, order it, merge different data sets, and more.', 'The chapter demonstrates storing new products in the database using Mongoose in the routes file by defining models and utilizing functions for data manipulation.', 'The schema method in Mongoose is used to define how a product should look like, including defining the ID as an object ID, name as a string, and price as a number, with the product schema exported as a model for use internally.', 'A new instance of the product model is created to store data, with the product object created using Mongoose and then saved to the database using the save method provided by Mongoose, with the result of the operation logged to the console and potential errors caught and logged as well.', 'Errors are handled, including correcting the usage of the mongoose types object ID constructor function in defining the ID type, and fixing a syntax error in the post request body, and the process of sending a post request using Postman and getting back the response of the created product from the database is demonstrated.']}, {'end': 1184.8, 'segs': [{'end': 1015.645, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 987.173, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 992.637, 'text': 'but we can simply check by also returning that data if we access a certain product ID.', 'start': 987.173, 'duration': 5.464}, {'end': 1000.609, 'text': 'so for the get route of products here i can of course also get this product with this id.', 'start': 993.257, 'duration': 7.352}, {'end': 1013.964, 'text': "for that i will remove my dummy code here and instead i want to use this product model, and that's the object i'm importing here at the top,", 'start': 1000.609, 'duration': 13.355}, {'end': 1015.645, 'text': "because i don't need to create a new one here.", 'start': 1013.964, 'duration': 1.681}], 'summary': 'Accessing a specific product id in the get route of products using product model.', 'duration': 28.472, 'max_score': 987.173, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw987173.jpg'}, {'end': 1141.276, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1069.978, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1075.039, 'text': 'because code which I write into this line here will not wait for all of that code to finish.', 'start': 1069.978, 'duration': 5.061}, {'end': 1084.126, 'text': 'so instead i want to send a response from inside the then block, when i know that it was successful, or also from inside the catch block.', 'start': 1075.919, 'duration': 8.207}, {'end': 1086.348, 'text': 'but there i want to send an error.', 'start': 1084.126, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 1098.537, 'text': "so here in the then block i'll use res status 200 and i will send back json data, of course, and let's simply send back the doc as we get it.", 'start': 1086.348, 'duration': 12.189}, {'end': 1101.24, 'text': "so i'll just set doc here as an argument.", 'start': 1098.537, 'duration': 2.703}, {'end': 1109.899, 'text': 'Now, in the catch block, I, as I just said, wanna actually do more than just logging this to the console.', 'start': 1102.196, 'duration': 7.703}, {'end': 1112.12, 'text': 'I also wanna send a response there.', 'start': 1110.399, 'duration': 1.721}, {'end': 1117.422, 'text': 'The status code will be 500 though, because something failed whilst fetching that data.', 'start': 1112.5, 'duration': 4.922}, {'end': 1126.526, 'text': "And I'll set a JSON response where I will add an error property, which is equal to the error I'm catching here.", 'start': 1118.042, 'duration': 8.484}, {'end': 1130.461, 'text': "With that, if we save that file, let's try it out.", 'start': 1127.657, 'duration': 2.804}, {'end': 1139.333, 'text': "Let's copy that ID we got when we created the object and let's target product slash that ID with a get request.", 'start': 1130.922, 'duration': 8.411}, {'end': 1141.276, 'text': "Now then let's click send.", 'start': 1140.155, 'duration': 1.121}], 'summary': 'Sending response from then block with status 200 and json data, and from catch block with status 500 for error.', 'duration': 71.298, 'max_score': 1069.978, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1069978.jpg'}, {'end': 1189.164, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1163.12, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1167.584, 'text': 'If I click send again, we still get the data and then the log we see from database.', 'start': 1163.12, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 1172.028, 'text': 'So this really is our up-to-date code fetching the data from the database.', 'start': 1167.924, 'duration': 4.104}, {'end': 1176.692, 'text': 'And eventually you now see one connection at least here on your Atlas dashboard.', 'start': 1172.669, 'duration': 4.023}, {'end': 1184.8, 'text': "If you refresh and wait a bit, you will also eventually see the reads and writes you're having on that.", 'start': 1177.213, 'duration': 7.587}, {'end': 1189.164, 'text': "So we're storing the data in the database and we're getting it from the database.", 'start': 1184.84, 'duration': 4.324}], 'summary': 'The code is fetching data from the database, leading to one connection on the atlas dashboard, with visible reads and writes.', 'duration': 26.044, 'max_score': 1163.12, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1163120.jpg'}], 'start': 987.173, 'title': 'Accessing product data and sending response', 'summary': "Demonstrates accessing product data using the 'find by id' method, handling errors with the 'catch' method, and sending responses from within promise blocks with status codes 200 and 500, while monitoring database activity.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1044.068, 'start': 987.173, 'title': 'Accessing product data and handling errors', 'summary': "Demonstrates accessing product data by using the product model's static method 'find by id' to retrieve a specific product and handling errors using the 'catch' method.", 'duration': 56.895, 'highlights': ["Using the product model's static method 'find by id' to retrieve a specific product", "Handling errors using the 'catch' method", 'Accessing product data in the get route of products']}, {'end': 1184.8, 'start': 1044.569, 'title': 'Sending response from inside then and catch blocks', 'summary': 'Discusses sending responses from inside the then and catch blocks of promises, using status codes 200 and 500, while handling successful and failed data retrieval, and monitoring database activity.', 'duration': 140.231, 'highlights': ['Sending a response from inside the then block using res status 200 and sending back json data, like the doc retrieved, upon successful data retrieval', 'Sending a response from inside the catch block with a status code of 500, indicating a failed data retrieval, and adding an error property to the JSON response', 'Observing the successful fetching of data from the database and noting the real-time updates on the Atlas dashboard']}], 'duration': 197.627, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw987173.jpg', 'highlights': ["Using the product model's static method 'find by id' to retrieve a specific product", "Handling errors using the 'catch' method", 'Sending a response from inside the then block using res status 200 and sending back json data, like the doc retrieved, upon successful data retrieval', 'Sending a response from inside the catch block with a status code of 500, indicating a failed data retrieval, and adding an error property to the JSON response', 'Observing the successful fetching of data from the database and noting the real-time updates on the Atlas dashboard', 'Accessing product data in the get route of products']}, {'end': 1518.116, 'segs': [{'end': 1218.449, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1184.84, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1189.164, 'text': "So we're storing the data in the database and we're getting it from the database.", 'start': 1184.84, 'duration': 4.324}, {'end': 1196.325, 'text': 'Now one thing we can improve is in the post request, right now I send my response immediately.', 'start': 1189.744, 'duration': 6.581}, {'end': 1199.966, 'text': "I don't wait for this operation to succeed or fail.", 'start': 1196.725, 'duration': 3.241}, {'end': 1210.228, 'text': 'So just like for getting the data, I want to put my success response inside the success callback and I will return the result we get here.', 'start': 1200.626, 'duration': 9.602}, {'end': 1218.449, 'text': 'And for the error case here I also still want to log the error here for us.', 'start': 1211.568, 'duration': 6.881}], 'summary': 'Improving post request to handle success and failure callbacks for database operations.', 'duration': 33.609, 'max_score': 1184.84, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1184840.jpg'}, {'end': 1268.12, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1239.593, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1243.777, 'text': "So I'm sending a get request for ID, I remove the C, which doesn't exist.", 'start': 1239.593, 'duration': 4.184}, {'end': 1246.579, 'text': 'If I now send this, you see we get an error.', 'start': 1244.557, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 1254.486, 'text': "And there we see that this couldn't be cast to an object ID, because it's actually not just an ID which doesn't exist,", 'start': 1246.96, 'duration': 7.526}, {'end': 1257.749, 'text': "it's an invalid object ID and that's detected by Mongoose.", 'start': 1254.486, 'duration': 3.263}, {'end': 1265.197, 'text': "if i add a d which now is a valid object id but the one which doesn't exist, i simply get back null,", 'start': 1258.63, 'duration': 6.567}, {'end': 1268.12, 'text': "because that doesn't throw an error and it shouldn't.", 'start': 1265.197, 'duration': 2.923}], 'summary': 'Sending a get request for id, removing c and adding d results in errors and null response, due to invalid object id detection by mongoose.', 'duration': 28.527, 'max_score': 1239.593, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1239593.jpg'}, {'end': 1315.185, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1286.448, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1290.371, 'text': 'in the other case i probably want to send a response which is 404,', 'start': 1286.448, 'duration': 3.923}, {'end': 1302.799, 'text': 'where i have a json object where maybe i have a message no valid entry found for provided id or something like that.', 'start': 1290.371, 'duration': 12.428}, {'end': 1309.462, 'text': 'so that now, if i save this, we actually have different kinds of answers we can return.', 'start': 1303.559, 'duration': 5.903}, {'end': 1312.784, 'text': 'we get a 404 answer.', 'start': 1309.462, 'duration': 3.322}, {'end': 1315.185, 'text': 'you can see the status code here with our error message.', 'start': 1312.784, 'duration': 2.401}], 'summary': 'Return a 404 response with a json object containing an error message for invalid entry.', 'duration': 28.737, 'max_score': 1286.448, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1286448.jpg'}, {'end': 1368.804, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1339.538, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1349.225, 'text': "now of course we also have our general get method where i want to return all products we have, so let's also take care about this.", 'start': 1339.538, 'duration': 9.687}, {'end': 1358.872, 'text': "for this, i'll again use my product object up here, and now we can just use find and if i don't pass an argument, it will find all elements.", 'start': 1349.225, 'duration': 9.647}, {'end': 1364.622, 'text': 'Now you can also add more query operators here.', 'start': 1360, 'duration': 4.622}, {'end': 1368.804, 'text': 'Like for example, you can add where to add more conditions to that query.', 'start': 1365.302, 'duration': 3.502}], 'summary': 'Creating a get method to return all products with query operators for adding conditions.', 'duration': 29.266, 'max_score': 1339.538, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1339538.jpg'}, {'end': 1495.7, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1429.012, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1434.754, 'text': "Now, if I save this, let's try a general GET request targeted at products.", 'start': 1429.012, 'duration': 5.742}, {'end': 1441.53, 'text': 'If I send this, we get back an array with this one object in there.', 'start': 1435.334, 'duration': 6.196}, {'end': 1446.216, 'text': "So with this one product, that's great of course, that's coming directly from the database.", 'start': 1441.65, 'duration': 4.566}, {'end': 1458.925, 'text': "Now, before we continue working on this get request and before we check which other response we might return in the then block if we haven't any data in the database.", 'start': 1447.037, 'duration': 11.888}, {'end': 1465.669, 'text': "let's make sure that we can encounter the case of not having any data there by adding the delete functionality now.", 'start': 1458.925, 'duration': 6.744}, {'end': 1470.392, 'text': 'So there I will now also use product.', 'start': 1466.51, 'duration': 3.882}, {'end': 1480.192, 'text': 'so this model object and there I can now access, remove And to remove, I pass an object which describes the object I want to remove.', 'start': 1470.392, 'duration': 9.8}, {'end': 1482.473, 'text': "And I don't have to pass all properties.", 'start': 1480.572, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 1488.276, 'text': "I don't have to pass an exact copy of the object I want to remove, but the filter criteria.", 'start': 1482.533, 'duration': 5.743}, {'end': 1490.297, 'text': "And I'll use the ID for that.", 'start': 1488.536, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 1495.7, 'text': 'And the ID is something I can get from my URL.', 'start': 1491.438, 'duration': 4.262}], 'summary': 'Adding delete functionality to the get request for products from the database.', 'duration': 66.688, 'max_score': 1429.012, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1429012.jpg'}], 'start': 1184.84, 'title': 'Improving response handling and database operations', 'summary': 'Discusses improving response handling in database operations, including success and error cases, checking for valid object ids, sending appropriate http responses with status codes and error messages. it also explains the use of get method for fetching all products, employing query operators like where and limit, and handling errors with status codes. additionally, it demonstrates adding delete functionality to the product get request, emphasizing the process of removing objects from the database based on filter criteria.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1339.538, 'start': 1184.84, 'title': 'Improving response handling in database operations', 'summary': 'Discusses improving response handling in database operations, including handling success and error cases, checking for valid object ids, and sending appropriate http responses with status codes and error messages.', 'duration': 154.698, 'highlights': ['When handling post requests, the success response should be put inside the success callback and the result should be returned, while the error case should log the error and send a 500 error code with JSON data containing the actual error (quantified as improved post request response handling).', 'Handling invalid object IDs by checking for the existence of the document and sending a response with the document if it exists, or sending a 404 response with a message if the document does not exist (quantified as handling invalid object IDs in the get function).', 'Different kinds of responses are demonstrated, including a 404 response for no valid entry found and a 500 response for an invalid object ID (quantified as demonstrating different kinds of responses based on input).']}, {'end': 1428.112, 'start': 1339.538, 'title': 'Get method for fetching all products', 'summary': 'Explains how to use the get method to fetch all products, employing query operators like where and limit for adding conditions and fetching a smaller number, while handling errors with appropriate status codes.', 'duration': 88.574, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains how to use the GET method to fetch all products', 'Query operators like where and limit are used for adding conditions and fetching a smaller number', 'Handling errors with appropriate status codes is demonstrated']}, {'end': 1518.116, 'start': 1429.012, 'title': 'Adding delete functionality to product get request', 'summary': 'Demonstrates adding delete functionality to the product get request, emphasizing the process of removing objects from the database based on filter criteria, such as the product id.', 'duration': 89.104, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates adding delete functionality to the product GET request.', 'It emphasizes the process of removing objects from the database based on filter criteria, such as the product ID.', 'The speaker explains how to access, remove, and pass filter criteria to the model object for deletion.', 'The chapter describes the process of getting the ID from the URL and using it as the filter criteria for removing objects from the database.']}], 'duration': 333.276, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1184840.jpg', 'highlights': ['Improved post request response handling with success and error cases', 'Handling invalid object IDs in the get function', 'Demonstrating different kinds of responses based on input', 'Using the GET method to fetch all products', 'Utilizing query operators like where and limit for adding conditions', 'Demonstrating handling errors with appropriate status codes', 'Adding delete functionality to the product GET request', 'Emphasizing the process of removing objects from the database based on filter criteria']}, {'end': 2160.214, 'segs': [{'end': 1553.689, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1518.116, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1523, 'text': 'and we should only have one object that works like this or that fulfills this criteria.', 'start': 1518.116, 'duration': 4.884}, {'end': 1534.11, 'text': "then i'll execute exec to get a real promise and i'll chain then and catch now and then as always, and then i get some result which i can console log,", 'start': 1523, 'duration': 11.11}, {'end': 1539.455, 'text': "but i'll here immediately return it, set the status code to 200 and simply return result.", 'start': 1534.11, 'duration': 5.345}, {'end': 1553.689, 'text': "maybe let's name it result to not get into conflicts with the response variable we're using here and in the catch block i'll possibly get an error which i'll log to the console,", 'start': 1539.455, 'duration': 14.234}], 'summary': "Using 'exec' to chain 'then' and 'catch' to handle promise result and error.", 'duration': 35.573, 'max_score': 1518.116, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1518116.jpg'}, {'end': 1785.787, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1761.571, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1771.218, 'text': 'You have to use $set here to then pass another object as a value to that, where you then describe key value pairs and how to update your object.', 'start': 1761.571, 'duration': 9.647}, {'end': 1773.8, 'text': 'So for our product, which.', 'start': 1771.838, 'duration': 1.962}, {'end': 1778.362, 'text': "has a name and a price and an id, but we don't want to change that.", 'start': 1774.58, 'duration': 3.782}, {'end': 1779.863, 'text': "that's the idea behind patching.", 'start': 1778.362, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 1785.787, 'text': 'we want to keep the existing object and just change some properties, but if we change the id,', 'start': 1779.863, 'duration': 5.924}], 'summary': 'Using $set to update object properties without changing id.', 'duration': 24.216, 'max_score': 1761.571, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1761571.jpg'}, {'end': 1869.509, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1842.275, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1849.676, 'text': "And then I'll create a loop here where I'll loop through all the operations of my request body.", 'start': 1842.275, 'duration': 7.401}, {'end': 1853.697, 'text': 'So I expect my request body to essentially be an array here.', 'start': 1850.437, 'duration': 3.26}, {'end': 1863.3, 'text': 'Now with that I can use updateOps and add a new property with that syntax here where I can use ops prop name,', 'start': 1855.078, 'duration': 8.222}, {'end': 1869.509, 'text': 'because I expect to pass this and you will see the other side of how we pass the data.', 'start': 1864.226, 'duration': 5.283}], 'summary': 'Creating a loop to iterate through request body operations and update data.', 'duration': 27.234, 'max_score': 1842.275, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1842275.jpg'}, {'end': 1955.941, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1924.783, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1931.026, 'text': "And then I'll again use response status with a code of 200.", 'start': 1924.783, 'duration': 6.243}, {'end': 1934.589, 'text': 'and json data which is sent back,', 'start': 1931.026, 'duration': 3.563}, {'end': 1952.7, 'text': "where i will simply pass the result back to the user and in catch i'll get console log where i log the error and then i return the status code 500 with my json payload where i have my error property,", 'start': 1934.589, 'duration': 18.111}, {'end': 1955.941, 'text': 'where i return the error to the user.', 'start': 1952.7, 'duration': 3.241}], 'summary': 'Returning status code 200 with json data, logging error with status code 500.', 'duration': 31.158, 'max_score': 1924.783, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1924783.jpg'}], 'start': 1518.116, 'title': 'Promise, error handling & mongoose patch', 'summary': "Covers implementing promises for asynchronous operations, chaining 'then' and 'catch', returning results with a status code of 200, handling errors with a status code of 500, along with utilizing patch requests in mongoose to update data, utilizing $set property, implementing dynamic patch operations, and handling error responses to achieve a restful api.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1568.447, 'start': 1518.116, 'title': 'Implementing promise and error handling', 'summary': "Details the implementation of a promise to handle asynchronous operations, including chaining 'then' and 'catch', returning a result with a status code of 200, and handling errors by logging to the console and returning a response with a status code of 500 and an error object.", 'duration': 50.331, 'highlights': ['Implementing a promise to handle asynchronous operations The chapter focuses on using a promise to handle asynchronous operations, ensuring efficient execution.', "Chaining 'then' and 'catch' to handle promise resolution and rejection The process involves chaining 'then' and 'catch' to appropriately handle promise resolution and rejection, ensuring robust error handling.", 'Returning a result with a status code of 200 The implementation includes returning a result with a status code of 200, ensuring successful execution of the operation.', 'Handling errors by logging to the console and returning a response with a status code of 500 In case of errors, the approach involves logging the error to the console and returning a response with a status code of 500, ensuring effective error management.']}, {'end': 2160.214, 'start': 1568.928, 'title': 'Mongoose patch requests', 'summary': 'Discusses using patch requests to update data in a mongoose database, demonstrating how to utilize the $set property to modify existing object properties, implement dynamic patch operations, and handle error responses, aiming to achieve a first version of a restful api.', 'duration': 591.286, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses using patch requests to update data in a Mongoose database, demonstrating how to utilize the $set property to modify existing object properties, implement dynamic patch operations, and handle error responses, aiming to achieve a first version of a RESTful API.', 'The author explains the process of updating data in a Mongoose database by using the update method and the $set property to modify existing object properties, exemplifying the patching concept and the significance of keeping the existing object while changing specific properties.', 'The chapter emphasizes the importance of implementing dynamic patch operations by creating a loop to iterate through the operations of the request body, allowing different types of patch requests to be sent and handled, ensuring flexibility and adaptability in updating data.', 'The author demonstrates the handling of error responses by using the catch method to log and return error messages, ensuring that appropriate status codes and JSON payloads are returned to the user, contributing to the robustness of the RESTful API implementation.', "The chapter concludes with a reflection on the achieved progress, highlighting the successful persistence of data in a database and the commencement of working with a first draft of a RESTful API, while expressing the anticipation of further enhancements to the API's functionality."]}], 'duration': 642.098, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/WDrU305J1yw/pics/WDrU305J1yw1518116.jpg', 'highlights': ["Chaining 'then' and 'catch' to handle promise resolution and rejection The process involves chaining 'then' and 'catch' to appropriately handle promise resolution and rejection, ensuring robust error handling.", 'Handling errors by logging to the console and returning a response with a status code of 500 In case of errors, the approach involves logging the error to the console and returning a response with a status code of 500, ensuring effective error management.', 'The chapter discusses using patch requests to update data in a Mongoose database, demonstrating how to utilize the $set property to modify existing object properties, implement dynamic patch operations, and handle error responses, aiming to achieve a first version of a RESTful API.', 'The chapter emphasizes the importance of implementing dynamic patch operations by creating a loop to iterate through the operations of the request body, allowing different types of patch requests to be sent and handled, ensuring flexibility and adaptability in updating data.']}], 'highlights': ['Mongoose is introduced as a package to work with MongoDB for our Node RESTful services.', 'The chapter emphasizes the use of Mongoose for its simplicity and ease of use in working with data, schemas, fetching, and storing data.', 'The chapter explains how to import Mongoose and use Mongoose connect to establish a connection to the MongoDB database in the app.js file.', 'Mongoose works with models and schemas to define how objects stored in the database should look like, offering functions for saving, updating, and fetching data, among others.', 'Creating a Mongoose model allows for using functions to save data, update data, fetch data by ID, by other criteria, order it, merge different data sets, and more.', "Using the product model's static method 'find by id' to retrieve a specific product", 'Improved post request response handling with success and error cases', "Chaining 'then' and 'catch' to handle promise resolution and rejection The process involves chaining 'then' and 'catch' to appropriately handle promise resolution and rejection, ensuring robust error handling.", 'The chapter discusses using patch requests to update data in a Mongoose database, demonstrating how to utilize the $set property to modify existing object properties, implement dynamic patch operations, and handle error responses, aiming to achieve a first version of a RESTful API.']}