title
Python Tutorial for Beginners 4: Lists, Tuples, and Sets

description
In this Python Beginner Tutorial, we will begin learning about Lists, Tuples, and Sets in Python. Lists and Tuples allow us to work with sequential data, and Sets allow us to work with unordered unique values. We will go over most of the methods, learn when to use which data type, and also the performance benefits of each type as well. Let's get started. The code from this video can be found at: https://github.com/CoreyMSchafer/code_snippets/tree/master/Python-Lists Watch the full Python Beginner Series here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-osiE80TeTskrapNbzXhwoFUiLCjGgY7 Slicing Video: https://youtu.be/ajrtAuDg3yw ✅ Support My Channel Through Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/coreyms ✅ Become a Channel Member: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCezIgC97PvUuR4_gbFUs5g/join ✅ One-Time Contribution Through PayPal: https://goo.gl/649HFY ✅ Cryptocurrency Donations: Bitcoin Wallet - 3MPH8oY2EAgbLVy7RBMinwcBntggi7qeG3 Ethereum Wallet - 0x151649418616068fB46C3598083817101d3bCD33 Litecoin Wallet - MPvEBY5fxGkmPQgocfJbxP6EmTo5UUXMot ✅ Corey's Public Amazon Wishlist http://a.co/inIyro1 ✅ Equipment I Use and Books I Recommend: https://www.amazon.com/shop/coreyschafer ▶️ You Can Find Me On: My Website - http://coreyms.com/ My Second Channel - https://www.youtube.com/c/coreymschafer Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/CoreyMSchafer Twitter - https://twitter.com/CoreyMSchafer Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/coreymschafer/ #Python

detail
{'title': 'Python Tutorial for Beginners 4: Lists, Tuples, and Sets', 'heatmap': [{'end': 583.543, 'start': 537.342, 'weight': 0.837}, {'end': 960.44, 'start': 935.766, 'weight': 0.721}, {'end': 1102.342, 'start': 991.373, 'weight': 0.708}, {'end': 1224.2, 'start': 1202.054, 'weight': 0.737}, {'end': 1431.834, 'start': 1409.569, 'weight': 0.75}], 'summary': 'This tutorial covers working with lists, tuples, and sets in python, including functionality, indexing, and manipulation methods, and explains the differences between lists, tuples, and sets, demonstrating their characteristics and usage in python.', 'chapters': [{'end': 317.28, 'segs': [{'end': 27.515, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.149, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5.394, 'text': "Hey there, how's it going everybody? In this video, we'll be learning about lists, tuples, and sets in Python.", 'start': 0.149, 'duration': 5.245}, {'end': 12.441, 'text': 'Now, lists and tuples allow us to work with sequential data, and sets are unordered collections of values with no duplicates.', 'start': 5.795, 'duration': 6.646}, {'end': 15.624, 'text': "And we'll look at all of these to see exactly what that means.", 'start': 12.761, 'duration': 2.863}, {'end': 17.566, 'text': "So first, let's look at lists.", 'start': 16.004, 'duration': 1.562}, {'end': 23.212, 'text': "And we're going to spend a majority of the time on lists, just because it has a lot more functionality than the other data types.", 'start': 17.686, 'duration': 5.526}, {'end': 27.515, 'text': 'So just like the name implies, it allows us to work with a list of values.', 'start': 23.652, 'duration': 3.863}], 'summary': 'Learning about lists, tuples, sets in python with a focus on lists.', 'duration': 27.366, 'max_score': 0.149, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc149.jpg'}, {'end': 92.35, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 68.185, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 75.166, 'text': 'Now, if we wanted to see how many values are in our list, then we can get this by using the LEN function, which stands for length.', 'start': 68.185, 'duration': 6.981}, {'end': 81.448, 'text': 'So if instead we print out the length using LEN of courses and run that,', 'start': 75.506, 'duration': 5.942}, {'end': 87.289, 'text': 'then you can see that it says that we have four values in our list and we can access each of these values individually.', 'start': 81.448, 'duration': 5.841}, {'end': 92.35, 'text': "So first, let's go back to just printing out our lists and running that.", 'start': 87.649, 'duration': 4.701}], 'summary': 'Using the len function, we found our list has four values.', 'duration': 24.165, 'max_score': 68.185, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc68185.jpg'}, {'end': 203.493, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 181.345, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 190.416, 'text': 'So for example, if my list grew by 10 items, then the third index would no longer be the last item, but the negative one will always be the last item.', 'start': 181.345, 'duration': 9.071}, {'end': 196.203, 'text': "And also, if you accidentally try to access an index that doesn't exist, then you'll get an index error.", 'start': 190.936, 'duration': 5.267}, {'end': 203.493, 'text': 'So, in this example, if we tried to access an item at index 4 and run that since there is no index 4,', 'start': 196.564, 'duration': 6.929}], 'summary': 'List grew by 10 items, third index changes, index error if non-existent.', 'duration': 22.148, 'max_score': 181.345, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc181345.jpg'}, {'end': 277.716, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 238.639, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 247.825, 'text': "So what we're saying here is that we want all of the values between the beginning and up to but not including the second index.", 'start': 238.639, 'duration': 9.186}, {'end': 249.546, 'text': 'So if we run this..', 'start': 248.186, 'duration': 1.36}, {'end': 258.55, 'text': 'then we can see that it printed out history and math because it printed out 0 and 1 all the way up to 2 but not including 2, which is physics.', 'start': 250.287, 'duration': 8.263}, {'end': 262.171, 'text': 'Now, since our first index here is just the start of the string,', 'start': 259.029, 'duration': 3.142}, {'end': 266.052, 'text': 'we can actually just leave that off and it will assume that we want to start at the beginning.', 'start': 262.171, 'duration': 3.881}, {'end': 275.235, 'text': 'So if we said print the courses with nothing there, colon 2 and run this, then you can see that we get the same result,', 'start': 266.412, 'duration': 8.823}, {'end': 277.716, 'text': 'because it just assumed that we wanted to start at the beginning.', 'start': 275.235, 'duration': 2.481}], 'summary': 'Using python to slice strings, obtaining values up to but not including second index.', 'duration': 39.077, 'max_score': 238.639, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc238639.jpg'}, {'end': 326.523, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 299.104, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 303.268, 'text': 'because it started at our second index, which is physics, and just went all the way to the end.', 'start': 299.104, 'duration': 4.164}, {'end': 310.374, 'text': "Now, what we're doing here is called slicing, and if you'd like to learn more about slicing in depth, then you can watch my detailed video on that,", 'start': 303.788, 'duration': 6.586}, {'end': 314.318, 'text': 'which shows you how you can skip values, go in reverse and things like that.', 'start': 310.374, 'duration': 3.944}, {'end': 317.28, 'text': "And I'll leave a link to that video in the description section below.", 'start': 314.618, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 323.222, 'text': "Okay, so let's look at some list methods that we have available to us that allow us to modify our list.", 'start': 317.941, 'duration': 5.281}, {'end': 326.523, 'text': "So first, let's say that we wanted to add an item to our list.", 'start': 323.602, 'duration': 2.921}], 'summary': 'The speaker discusses slicing in python, and mentions a detailed video on the topic and list modification methods.', 'duration': 27.419, 'max_score': 299.104, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc299104.jpg'}], 'start': 0.149, 'title': 'Working with python lists, tuples, sets, and list slicing', 'summary': 'Covers working with lists, tuples, and sets in python, including functionality, indexing, and length of lists, as well as accessing list ranges and slicing with examples and explanations.', 'chapters': [{'end': 203.493, 'start': 0.149, 'title': 'Python lists, tuples, and sets', 'summary': 'Covers how to work with lists, tuples, and sets in python, emphasizing the functionality and indexing of lists and their length, with examples and explanations.', 'duration': 203.344, 'highlights': ['Lists have more functionality than other data types Lists in Python have more functionality than other data types, making them a versatile tool for working with sequential data.', 'Accessing values in a list using indexes Values in a list can be accessed using indexes, which start at 0, and negative indexes can be used to access values from the end of the list, providing a convenient way to access the last item.', 'Obtaining the length of a list using LEN function The length of a list can be obtained using the LEN function, which returns the number of values in the list, providing a way to quantify the size of the list.']}, {'end': 317.28, 'start': 203.493, 'title': 'Accessing list ranges and slicing', 'summary': 'Explains how to access a range of values in a list using indexes, with examples highlighting inclusive and exclusive index behavior, resulting in the printing of specific values.', 'duration': 113.787, 'highlights': ["The first index is inclusive, but the second index is exclusive, as demonstrated by accessing the first two values from the list resulting in the printing of 'history' and 'math' (0 and 1 indexes) up to but not including the second index (2 index).", "Omitting the first index assumes starting at the beginning, as seen when printing the courses with 'colon 2' resulting in the same output as the specified range.", "Slicing is demonstrated by accessing 'physics' and 'comp sci' from the list by starting at index 2 and continuing to the end, showcasing the functionality of slicing in list manipulation."]}], 'duration': 317.131, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc149.jpg', 'highlights': ['Lists in Python have more functionality than other data types, making them a versatile tool for working with sequential data.', 'Accessing values in a list using indexes, which start at 0, and negative indexes can be used to access values from the end of the list, providing a convenient way to access the last item.', 'The length of a list can be obtained using the LEN function, which returns the number of values in the list, providing a way to quantify the size of the list.', "The first index is inclusive, but the second index is exclusive, as demonstrated by accessing the first two values from the list resulting in the printing of 'history' and 'math' (0 and 1 indexes) up to but not including the second index (2 index).", "Omitting the first index assumes starting at the beginning, as seen when printing the courses with 'colon 2' resulting in the same output as the specified range.", "Slicing is demonstrated by accessing 'physics' and 'comp sci' from the list by starting at index 2 and continuing to the end, showcasing the functionality of slicing in list manipulation."]}, {'end': 525.754, 'segs': [{'end': 345.006, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 317.941, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 323.222, 'text': "Okay, so let's look at some list methods that we have available to us that allow us to modify our list.", 'start': 317.941, 'duration': 5.281}, {'end': 326.523, 'text': "So first, let's say that we wanted to add an item to our list.", 'start': 323.602, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 328.503, 'text': 'There are a couple of ways we can do this.', 'start': 326.823, 'duration': 1.68}, {'end': 334.884, 'text': 'So first, if we just wanted to add an item to the end of our list, then we could use the append method.', 'start': 328.903, 'duration': 5.981}, {'end': 338.525, 'text': "So let's say that we want to add art to our courses.", 'start': 335.244, 'duration': 3.281}, {'end': 345.006, 'text': 'So we can just say courses.append, and we want to append art.', 'start': 338.885, 'duration': 6.121}], 'summary': "List methods allow adding items: append method adds 'art' to 'courses' list", 'duration': 27.065, 'max_score': 317.941, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc317941.jpg'}, {'end': 390.219, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 363.038, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 368.402, 'text': 'First it takes the index where you want to insert the value, and then the value itself.', 'start': 363.038, 'duration': 5.364}, {'end': 378.79, 'text': 'So if I wanted to insert art to the beginning of our list, then we could say courses dot, insert, and now the first argument is the location.', 'start': 368.742, 'duration': 10.048}, {'end': 384.574, 'text': "so let's just say location 0, which is the beginning, and then the value that we want to insert, which is art.", 'start': 378.79, 'duration': 5.784}, {'end': 390.219, 'text': 'so if we run this now, we can see that art was inserted at position 0.', 'start': 384.574, 'duration': 5.645}], 'summary': "Demonstrating insertion of 'art' at position 0 in a list", 'duration': 27.181, 'max_score': 363.038, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc363038.jpg'}, {'end': 504.883, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 477.277, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 480.838, 'text': "So let's go ahead and set this back to the way it was to just print the courses.", 'start': 477.277, 'duration': 3.561}, {'end': 489.06, 'text': "Now instead of inserting here, we'll instead use extend, and it only takes one argument, which is the iterable.", 'start': 481.258, 'duration': 7.802}, {'end': 493.321, 'text': 'So we will extend courses with courses two.', 'start': 489.48, 'duration': 3.841}, {'end': 499.762, 'text': 'So now, if we run this, then we can see that when we did courses.extend with courses two,', 'start': 493.701, 'duration': 6.061}, {'end': 504.883, 'text': 'that it added the values from our second list here to our original.', 'start': 499.762, 'duration': 5.121}], 'summary': 'Using extend instead of insert to add values from courses two to original courses list.', 'duration': 27.606, 'max_score': 477.277, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc477277.jpg'}], 'start': 317.941, 'title': 'Python list manipulation', 'summary': 'Covers list modification methods such as append and insert, list manipulation using insert and extend methods in python, and the difference between append and extend methods, showing that extend adds individual items from a second list to the original list, resulting in a total of 6 individual items when courses and courses two are extended.', 'chapters': [{'end': 384.574, 'start': 317.941, 'title': 'List modification methods', 'summary': 'Covers list modification methods including append and insert, where append adds an item to the end of a list and insert adds an item to a specific location in the list.', 'duration': 66.633, 'highlights': ["The append method adds an item to the end of a list, demonstrated by appending 'art' to the 'courses' list.", "The insert method inserts an item to a specific location in the list, illustrated by inserting 'art' at the beginning of the 'courses' list."]}, {'end': 455.688, 'start': 384.574, 'title': 'List manipulation in python', 'summary': 'Discusses the insertion and extension of values in a list using the insert and extend methods in python, demonstrating how the values are added and shifted within the list.', 'duration': 71.114, 'highlights': ["The insert method is used to add a value to a specific position in the list, as demonstrated by inserting 'art' at position 0, resulting in the shifting of the existing values.", "The extend method is employed to add multiple values to the list, where a new list 'courses2' containing 'art' and 'education' is added to the original 'courses' list, creating a list within a list."]}, {'end': 525.754, 'start': 456.169, 'title': 'Python lists: append vs extend', 'summary': 'Explains the difference between the append and extend methods in python lists, demonstrating how extend adds each individual item from a second list to the original list, resulting in a total of 6 individual items when courses and courses two are extended.', 'duration': 69.585, 'highlights': ['The extend method in Python adds each individual item from a second list to the original list, resulting in a total of 6 individual items when courses and courses two are extended.', 'The chapter demonstrates that using the append method just appends the list itself, while the extend method adds each individual item onto the list.']}], 'duration': 207.813, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc317941.jpg', 'highlights': ['The extend method in Python adds each individual item from a second list to the original list, resulting in a total of 6 individual items when courses and courses two are extended.', "The insert method is used to add a value to a specific position in the list, as demonstrated by inserting 'art' at position 0, resulting in the shifting of the existing values.", "The append method adds an item to the end of a list, demonstrated by appending 'art' to the 'courses' list."]}, {'end': 862.189, 'segs': [{'end': 597.82, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 537.342, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 544.046, 'text': "So if we were to say courses.remove, then let's say that we wanted to remove math.", 'start': 537.342, 'duration': 6.704}, {'end': 549.768, 'text': 'So if we save that and run it, then we can see that math was removed from the courses list.', 'start': 544.366, 'duration': 5.402}, {'end': 553.99, 'text': "Now there's also a way of removing values with this pop method.", 'start': 550.168, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 560.652, 'text': 'So if we say courses.pop, Now, by default, this will remove the last value of our list.', 'start': 554.31, 'duration': 6.342}, {'end': 565.394, 'text': 'Now, this is useful if we want to use our list like a stack or a queue.', 'start': 560.992, 'duration': 4.402}, {'end': 571.876, 'text': 'So if we run this like it is, then we can see that Comp Sci was popped off of our list.', 'start': 565.754, 'duration': 6.122}, {'end': 573.856, 'text': 'And now we just have these three courses.', 'start': 572.176, 'duration': 1.68}, {'end': 578.938, 'text': 'Now, one other thing about pop is that it returns the value that it removed.', 'start': 574.397, 'duration': 4.541}, {'end': 583.543, 'text': 'So we can actually set a variable and grab that returned value.', 'start': 579.218, 'duration': 4.325}, {'end': 588.349, 'text': 'So if I set a variable here and say popped equals courses.pop.', 'start': 583.863, 'duration': 4.486}, {'end': 596.578, 'text': 'and then I was to print this above our courses here and run that, then we can see that it grabbed that comp sci value.', 'start': 588.349, 'duration': 8.229}, {'end': 597.82, 'text': 'that was popped off of the list.', 'start': 596.578, 'duration': 1.242}], 'summary': "Using python's list methods, remove and pop, to manipulate and retrieve values from a list.", 'duration': 71.486, 'max_score': 537.342, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc537342.jpg'}, {'end': 646.179, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 621.799, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 628.264, 'text': 'And if we run this, then we can see that now it prints out our courses but in reverse.', 'start': 621.799, 'duration': 6.465}, {'end': 630.907, 'text': 'So the last item all the way up until the first item.', 'start': 628.305, 'duration': 2.602}, {'end': 637.472, 'text': 'Now instead of reversing our list, what if we wanted to sort our list? Now sorting is just as easy.', 'start': 631.507, 'duration': 5.965}, {'end': 639.634, 'text': 'We can just use the sort method.', 'start': 637.512, 'duration': 2.122}, {'end': 641.895, 'text': "So I'll save that and run it.", 'start': 640.014, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 646.179, 'text': 'And you can see that now our list is sorted in alphabetical order.', 'start': 642.336, 'duration': 3.843}], 'summary': 'Code reverses and sorts list of courses.', 'duration': 24.38, 'max_score': 621.799, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc621799.jpg'}, {'end': 723.391, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 691.768, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 694.291, 'text': "And that would work, but there's an easier way to do this.", 'start': 691.768, 'duration': 2.523}, {'end': 699.096, 'text': 'Instead, we can just pass an argument to our sort method called reverse.', 'start': 694.972, 'duration': 4.124}, {'end': 704.421, 'text': 'So if I come up here to the sort method, and I pass reverse is equal to true.', 'start': 699.456, 'duration': 4.965}, {'end': 709.145, 'text': 'And let me also grab this for our num sort.', 'start': 705.061, 'duration': 4.084}, {'end': 714.02, 'text': 'And if I run this, you can see that now these sorted are in descending order.', 'start': 709.426, 'duration': 4.594}, {'end': 715.481, 'text': "They're sorted in reverse order.", 'start': 714.06, 'duration': 1.421}, {'end': 723.391, 'text': "Now one thing to notice here is that we don't need to reset our variables when we call most of these methods.", 'start': 715.982, 'duration': 7.409}], 'summary': 'Passing reverse argument to sort method sorts in descending order.', 'duration': 31.623, 'max_score': 691.768, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc691768.jpg'}, {'end': 836.547, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 790.711, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 796.235, 'text': "So that's really useful because a lot of the times you won't want to alter your original list in any way.", 'start': 790.711, 'duration': 5.524}, {'end': 802.64, 'text': 'So using this sorted function is a nice way to get a sorted version of that list without altering the original.', 'start': 796.916, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 809.466, 'text': 'And other than this sorted function, there are a couple more useful built-ins that we can use with these sequences.', 'start': 803.2, 'duration': 6.266}, {'end': 811.067, 'text': "So let's look at a few of these.", 'start': 809.766, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 814.09, 'text': "So we'll look at min, max, and sum.", 'start': 811.407, 'duration': 2.683}, {'end': 817.252, 'text': "So it's probably pretty obvious what these will do.", 'start': 814.47, 'duration': 2.782}, {'end': 825.399, 'text': "but if I wanted the minimum value of our numbers list here, then let me comment out where we're printing out nums.", 'start': 817.252, 'duration': 8.147}, {'end': 832.324, 'text': 'so a built-in function that we can use is just min and call min on our sequence of numbers, and if i run that,', 'start': 825.399, 'duration': 6.925}, {'end': 836.547, 'text': 'then you can see that it returns one as the minimum number of that list.', 'start': 832.324, 'duration': 4.223}], 'summary': 'Using sorted function to get a sorted version of a list without altering the original, and exploring other useful built-in functions like min, max, and sum.', 'duration': 45.836, 'max_score': 790.711, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc790711.jpg'}], 'start': 526.334, 'title': 'List manipulation in python', 'summary': 'Covers methods for removing items from a list in python including remove and pop methods, along with examples of removing specific values and the last value. it also explains how to reverse, sort, and manipulate lists using methods like reverse, sort, and built-in functions like min, max, and sum, with examples showcasing the manipulation of both string and number lists.', 'chapters': [{'end': 597.82, 'start': 526.334, 'title': 'Removing values from a list', 'summary': 'Covers methods for removing items from a list in python, highlighting the use of the remove and pop methods, with examples of removing specific values and the last value, and demonstrating the return value of the pop method.', 'duration': 71.486, 'highlights': ["The pop method can be used to remove the last value from a list, which is useful for simulating a stack or a queue, as demonstrated by removing 'Comp Sci' from the list of courses.", "The remove method is employed to remove a specific value from the list, exemplified by removing 'math' from the courses list.", "The pop method not only removes the value but also returns it, as shown by assigning the returned value to a variable 'popped' and printing it."]}, {'end': 862.189, 'start': 598.3, 'title': 'Sorting and manipulating lists in python', 'summary': 'Explains how to reverse, sort, and manipulate lists in python, using methods like reverse, sort, and built-in functions like min, max, and sum, with examples showcasing the manipulation of both string and number lists.', 'duration': 263.889, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the process of reversing and sorting lists using Python methods like reverse and sort, with examples demonstrating the manipulation of both string and number lists. reversing and sorting lists, usage of reverse and sort methods, manipulation of string and number lists', 'The chapter demonstrates the use of the sort method to sort a list in ascending order, showcasing how numbers are sorted in ascending order and strings in alphabetical order. demonstration of sorting lists in ascending order, sorting of numbers and strings', 'The chapter explains the process of sorting a list in descending order using the reverse argument with the sort method, providing an easier way to achieve this compared to using the reverse method separately. sorting lists in descending order, usage of the reverse argument with the sort method', 'The chapter introduces the sorted function as a way to obtain a sorted version of a list without altering the original list, providing a useful method for obtaining a sorted version of a list without modifying the original. introduction of the sorted function, obtaining a sorted version of a list without altering the original', 'The chapter discusses useful built-in functions min, max, and sum, showcasing their application in finding the minimum value, maximum value, and sum of a list of numbers. discussion of built-in functions min, max, and sum, application in finding minimum value, maximum value, and sum of a list of numbers']}], 'duration': 335.855, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc526334.jpg', 'highlights': ["The remove method is employed to remove a specific value from the list, exemplified by removing 'math' from the courses list.", "The pop method can be used to remove the last value from a list, which is useful for simulating a stack or a queue, as demonstrated by removing 'Comp Sci' from the list of courses.", "The pop method not only removes the value but also returns it, as shown by assigning the returned value to a variable 'popped' and printing it.", 'The chapter explains the process of reversing and sorting lists using Python methods like reverse and sort, with examples demonstrating the manipulation of both string and number lists.', 'The chapter demonstrates the use of the sort method to sort a list in ascending order, showcasing how numbers are sorted in ascending order and strings in alphabetical order.', 'The chapter introduces the sorted function as a way to obtain a sorted version of a list without altering the original list, providing a useful method for obtaining a sorted version of a list without modifying the original.', 'The chapter discusses useful built-in functions min, max, and sum, showcasing their application in finding the minimum value, maximum value, and sum of a list of numbers.', 'The chapter explains the process of sorting a list in descending order using the reverse argument with the sort method, providing an easier way to achieve this compared to using the reverse method separately.']}, {'end': 1204.955, 'segs': [{'end': 889.304, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 862.489, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 867.013, 'text': 'So let me go ahead and clean up here a little bit and uncomment out that.', 'start': 862.489, 'duration': 4.524}, {'end': 872.916, 'text': 'So if we wanted to find the index of a certain value, then we can use the index method for this.', 'start': 867.654, 'duration': 5.262}, {'end': 886.263, 'text': 'So if I wanted to find the index of compsci in our list, then we could just print out courses.index and then search for comp sci.', 'start': 873.297, 'duration': 12.966}, {'end': 889.304, 'text': 'Now if we run this, then we can see that we got three.', 'start': 886.563, 'duration': 2.741}], 'summary': "Using the index method, 'compsci' was found at index 3.", 'duration': 26.815, 'max_score': 862.489, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc862489.jpg'}, {'end': 935.286, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 909.116, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 916.127, 'text': 'Now, if we just wanted to simply check if the value was in our list and simply get back a true or false result,', 'start': 909.116, 'duration': 7.011}, {'end': 918.871, 'text': 'then for this we can use the in operator.', 'start': 916.127, 'duration': 2.744}, {'end': 925.801, 'text': 'So if I wanted to check if art is in our list, then I could say art in courses.', 'start': 919.192, 'duration': 6.609}, {'end': 928.942, 'text': 'So if I run that, then we can see that we got false.', 'start': 926.301, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 935.286, 'text': 'But if instead we said math in courses and ran that, then that returned true.', 'start': 929.463, 'duration': 5.823}], 'summary': "Using 'in' operator to check for values in list; 'art' returned false, 'math' returned true.", 'duration': 26.17, 'max_score': 909.116, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc909116.jpg'}, {'end': 960.44, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 935.766, 'weight': 0.721, 'content': [{'end': 943.25, 'text': "Now this is going to be especially useful once we go over the topic of conditionals and if-else statements and we're going to go over those in a couple of videos.", 'start': 935.766, 'duration': 7.484}, {'end': 949.414, 'text': 'And we can also use this to loop through values of our list by using a for loop.', 'start': 943.791, 'duration': 5.623}, {'end': 956.778, 'text': 'So if I was to say for item in courses and then scoot that over.', 'start': 949.774, 'duration': 7.004}, {'end': 960.44, 'text': 'Then we will just print out that item.', 'start': 957.178, 'duration': 3.262}], 'summary': 'Useful for conditionals and loops in upcoming videos.', 'duration': 24.674, 'max_score': 935.766, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc935766.jpg'}, {'end': 1102.342, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 991.373, 'weight': 0.708, 'content': [{'end': 998.678, 'text': "Now, the reason it prints them all out on a new line is because by default, the print statement goes to a new line each time it's executed.", 'start': 991.373, 'duration': 7.305}, {'end': 1001.08, 'text': 'Now, this item variable is just a variable.', 'start': 999.159, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 1002.301, 'text': "It's not a keyword or anything.", 'start': 1001.12, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 1003.782, 'text': 'We can name this anything we want.', 'start': 1002.341, 'duration': 1.441}, {'end': 1011.568, 'text': 'So instead, if we wanted to call this course for course and courses and print that out, then you can see that we get the same result.', 'start': 1004.122, 'duration': 7.446}, {'end': 1019.774, 'text': "So we can access each value as we're looping through, but sometimes it might be useful to also have the index of what value we're on.", 'start': 1012.048, 'duration': 7.726}, {'end': 1026.259, 'text': 'Now to do this in Python, we can access the index and the value by using the enumerate function.', 'start': 1020.154, 'duration': 6.105}, {'end': 1032.483, 'text': 'So I will say enumerate and I will wrap courses within that enumerate function.', 'start': 1026.618, 'duration': 5.865}, {'end': 1035.224, 'text': 'And this enumerate function returns two values.', 'start': 1032.983, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 1038.087, 'text': "It returns the index that we're on and the value.", 'start': 1035.526, 'duration': 2.561}, {'end': 1042.97, 'text': "So instead of just getting the course here, we're also going to need to get the index.", 'start': 1038.426, 'duration': 4.544}, {'end': 1044.451, 'text': "So I'll call that index.", 'start': 1043.13, 'duration': 1.321}, {'end': 1048.153, 'text': 'So for index course in enumerate courses.', 'start': 1044.83, 'duration': 3.323}, {'end': 1052.796, 'text': 'And now if we print out that index and the course and run that.', 'start': 1048.633, 'duration': 4.163}, {'end': 1058.437, 'text': "then you can see that we had access to each index and value as we're looping through our list.", 'start': 1053.396, 'duration': 5.041}, {'end': 1064.399, 'text': "And if we don't want to start at 0, then we can pass in a start value to our enumerate function.", 'start': 1058.977, 'duration': 5.422}, {'end': 1073.161, 'text': 'So if instead we wanted to start at 1, then I can pass in the second argument, say start is equal to 1.', 'start': 1064.739, 'duration': 8.422}, {'end': 1077.822, 'text': 'Now if I run this, then you can see that now our starting value is 1.', 'start': 1073.161, 'duration': 4.661}, {'end': 1083.026, 'text': 'Okay, so there is one more thing that I want to go over before we move on to tuples and sets.', 'start': 1077.822, 'duration': 5.204}, {'end': 1089.091, 'text': "So it's pretty common that we'll want to turn our list into strings separated by a certain value.", 'start': 1083.587, 'duration': 5.504}, {'end': 1093.315, 'text': "Now to do this, we're actually going to use a string method called join.", 'start': 1089.471, 'duration': 3.844}, {'end': 1095.957, 'text': "And we're going to pass in our list as the argument.", 'start': 1093.595, 'duration': 2.362}, {'end': 1102.342, 'text': "So for example, let's say that we wanted to turn our list of courses into a string of comma separated values.", 'start': 1096.297, 'duration': 6.045}], 'summary': 'Python print statement, looping with enumerate, and list to string conversion', 'duration': 110.969, 'max_score': 991.373, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc991373.jpg'}, {'end': 1032.483, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1004.122, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1011.568, 'text': 'So instead, if we wanted to call this course for course and courses and print that out, then you can see that we get the same result.', 'start': 1004.122, 'duration': 7.446}, {'end': 1019.774, 'text': "So we can access each value as we're looping through, but sometimes it might be useful to also have the index of what value we're on.", 'start': 1012.048, 'duration': 7.726}, {'end': 1026.259, 'text': 'Now to do this in Python, we can access the index and the value by using the enumerate function.', 'start': 1020.154, 'duration': 6.105}, {'end': 1032.483, 'text': 'So I will say enumerate and I will wrap courses within that enumerate function.', 'start': 1026.618, 'duration': 5.865}], 'summary': 'Using the enumerate function in python to access index and value of courses.', 'duration': 28.361, 'max_score': 1004.122, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1004122.jpg'}, {'end': 1102.342, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1073.161, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1077.822, 'text': 'Now if I run this, then you can see that now our starting value is 1.', 'start': 1073.161, 'duration': 4.661}, {'end': 1083.026, 'text': 'Okay, so there is one more thing that I want to go over before we move on to tuples and sets.', 'start': 1077.822, 'duration': 5.204}, {'end': 1089.091, 'text': "So it's pretty common that we'll want to turn our list into strings separated by a certain value.", 'start': 1083.587, 'duration': 5.504}, {'end': 1093.315, 'text': "Now to do this, we're actually going to use a string method called join.", 'start': 1089.471, 'duration': 3.844}, {'end': 1095.957, 'text': "And we're going to pass in our list as the argument.", 'start': 1093.595, 'duration': 2.362}, {'end': 1102.342, 'text': "So for example, let's say that we wanted to turn our list of courses into a string of comma separated values.", 'start': 1096.297, 'duration': 6.045}], 'summary': 'Introduction to list manipulation and the use of python string method join.', 'duration': 29.181, 'max_score': 1073.161, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1073161.jpg'}], 'start': 862.489, 'title': 'Python lists', 'summary': 'Covers python list indexing and manipulation, including finding index of a value, checking value existence, using loops, list manipulation, and converting lists to strings and vice versa, with practical examples.', 'chapters': [{'end': 935.286, 'start': 862.489, 'title': 'Python list indexing', 'summary': 'Explains how to find the index of a value in a list using the index method, and how to check if a value exists in the list using the in operator, with examples demonstrating the use of these methods and their outcomes.', 'duration': 72.797, 'highlights': ["The index method is used to find the index of a value in a list, for example, finding the index of 'compsci' in the list returns 3.", "The in operator can be used to check if a value exists in a list, for example, 'art in courses' returns false and 'math in courses' returns true.", "If a value that doesn't exist in the list is searched using the index method, a value error is returned, such as when searching for 'art' in the list of courses."]}, {'end': 1204.955, 'start': 935.766, 'title': 'Python list manipulation', 'summary': 'Covers the usage of loops, list manipulation, and converting lists to strings and vice versa. it demonstrates the iteration through lists using for loops, accessing index and value using the enumerate function, and converting lists to strings and vice versa using join and split methods.', 'duration': 269.189, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates the iteration through lists using for loops, accessing index and value using the enumerate function. It covers the usage of looping through values of a list using for loop and accessing index and value by using the enumerate function.', 'It explains the process of converting lists to strings and vice versa using join and split methods. It explains how to use the join method to turn a list into a string and the split method to turn a string back into a list.', 'The chapter provides an example of using the start argument in the enumerate function to change the starting index. It demonstrates using the start argument in the enumerate function to change the starting index while accessing the index and value of a list.']}], 'duration': 342.466, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc862489.jpg', 'highlights': ["The in operator can be used to check if a value exists in a list, for example, 'art in courses' returns false and 'math in courses' returns true.", "The index method is used to find the index of a value in a list, for example, finding the index of 'compsci' in the list returns 3.", 'It explains the process of converting lists to strings and vice versa using join and split methods.', 'The chapter demonstrates the iteration through lists using for loops, accessing index and value using the enumerate function.']}, {'end': 1409.569, 'segs': [{'end': 1231.722, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1205.555, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1210.116, 'text': "Okay, so I know that that was a lot to take in because there's so much that we can do with lists.", 'start': 1205.555, 'duration': 4.561}, {'end': 1213.077, 'text': "But now let's move on to tuples and sets.", 'start': 1210.496, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 1217.558, 'text': "Now that we're familiar with lists, then these will probably go pretty quickly.", 'start': 1213.837, 'duration': 3.721}, {'end': 1221.899, 'text': 'Okay, so tuples are very similar to lists, but with one major difference.', 'start': 1218.038, 'duration': 3.861}, {'end': 1224.2, 'text': "So we can't modify tuples.", 'start': 1222.179, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 1227.801, 'text': 'Now in programming, this is called mutable and immutable.', 'start': 1224.54, 'duration': 3.261}, {'end': 1230.802, 'text': 'So lists are mutable and tuples are not.', 'start': 1228.181, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 1231.722, 'text': 'They are immutable.', 'start': 1230.882, 'duration': 0.84}], 'summary': 'Introducing tuples and sets, which are immutable data structures in programming.', 'duration': 26.167, 'max_score': 1205.555, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1205555.jpg'}, {'end': 1323.605, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1295.415, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1299.999, 'text': "But by changing list one's first value, it also changed list two.", 'start': 1295.415, 'duration': 4.584}, {'end': 1304.36, 'text': "And the reason for that is because they're both the same mutable object.", 'start': 1300.519, 'duration': 3.841}, {'end': 1309.201, 'text': 'Now, if you need to modify your list, then this mutability is what you want.', 'start': 1304.76, 'duration': 4.441}, {'end': 1315.543, 'text': "But if you want a list of values that you know aren't going to change, then we can use a tuple.", 'start': 1309.601, 'duration': 5.942}, {'end': 1317.703, 'text': "So let's look at a tuple example.", 'start': 1315.843, 'duration': 1.86}, {'end': 1323.605, 'text': "So I'm going to comment out our mutable example here and then uncomment out our tuple example.", 'start': 1318.064, 'duration': 5.541}], 'summary': 'Mutable objects in python can be modified, impacting other data, while tuples provide immutable data structures.', 'duration': 28.19, 'max_score': 1295.415, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1295415.jpg'}, {'end': 1398.718, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1365.419, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1369.422, 'text': 'And it says, type error, tuple does not support item assignment.', 'start': 1365.419, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 1371.603, 'text': "and that's because it's immutable.", 'start': 1369.842, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 1378.687, 'text': "So now, since a tuple is immutable, it doesn't have nearly as many methods as a list,", 'start': 1372.444, 'duration': 6.243}, {'end': 1383.389, 'text': 'because a lot of those list methods that we looked at involved mutating the values.', 'start': 1378.687, 'duration': 4.702}, {'end': 1387.652, 'text': "So we can't append, we can't remove anything, or anything like that.", 'start': 1383.73, 'duration': 3.922}, {'end': 1390.613, 'text': 'But other than that, they behave pretty much the same.', 'start': 1388.092, 'duration': 2.521}, {'end': 1398.718, 'text': "We can loop through tuples, we can access values, and all the other things that we've already seen except for what mutates the list.", 'start': 1390.974, 'duration': 7.744}], 'summary': 'Tuples are immutable and have limited methods compared to lists.', 'duration': 33.299, 'max_score': 1365.419, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1365419.jpg'}], 'start': 1205.555, 'title': 'Immutable data structures in python', 'summary': 'Discusses the differences between lists, tuples, and sets, highlighting that tuples are immutable, while lists are mutable, and explains the impact of mutability and immutability in programming. it also demonstrates how changing values in lists and tuples differ in python.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1247.606, 'start': 1205.555, 'title': 'Tuples and sets: immutable data structures', 'summary': 'Covers the differences between lists, tuples, and sets, highlighting that tuples are immutable while lists are mutable, making them a key feature in programming.', 'duration': 42.051, 'highlights': ['Tuples are similar to lists but with the key difference that they are immutable, in contrast to the mutable nature of lists.', 'The distinction between mutable lists and immutable tuples is a fundamental concept in programming, impacting the way data can be modified and accessed.']}, {'end': 1409.569, 'start': 1248.584, 'title': 'Lists vs tuples: mutability and immutability in python', 'summary': 'Explains the difference between mutable lists and immutable tuples, demonstrating how changing a value in a list affects another list due to mutability, while attempting the same with a tuple results in an error due to its immutability.', 'duration': 160.985, 'highlights': ['Changing a value in a mutable list affects another list with the same values When a value in list one is changed, it also changes list two because they are both the same mutable object.', "Attempting to change a value in an immutable tuple results in a type error Trying to change the value at the first index of tuple 1 results in a 'type error - tuple does not support item assignment' due to its immutability.", 'Lists have more methods for mutation compared to tuples Unlike tuples, lists have more methods for mutation such as append and remove, making them suitable for modification.']}], 'duration': 204.014, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1205555.jpg', 'highlights': ['Tuples are similar to lists but with the key difference that they are immutable, in contrast to the mutable nature of lists.', 'The distinction between mutable lists and immutable tuples is a fundamental concept in programming, impacting the way data can be modified and accessed.', 'Lists have more methods for mutation compared to tuples Unlike tuples, lists have more methods for mutation such as append and remove, making them suitable for modification.', 'Changing a value in a mutable list affects another list with the same values When a value in list one is changed, it also changes list two because they are both the same mutable object.', "Attempting to change a value in an immutable tuple results in a type error Trying to change the value at the first index of tuple 1 results in a 'type error - tuple does not support item assignment' due to its immutability."]}, {'end': 1731.666, 'segs': [{'end': 1440.823, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1409.569, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1414.473, 'text': "then you might want to think about a tuple so that you don't run into the issues that we just saw.", 'start': 1409.569, 'duration': 4.904}, {'end': 1417.082, 'text': "Okay, and lastly, let's look at sets.", 'start': 1415.14, 'duration': 1.942}, {'end': 1422.687, 'text': 'Now sets are values that are unordered and also have no duplicates.', 'start': 1417.462, 'duration': 5.225}, {'end': 1427.531, 'text': 'So let me grab a sample from the snippets file here that we can see.', 'start': 1423.027, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 1431.834, 'text': "So I'm just going to go ahead and grab this small snippet and paste that in.", 'start': 1427.551, 'duration': 4.283}, {'end': 1440.823, 'text': "So we can see that this looks similar to lists and tuples, but instead of the brackets or parentheses we're instead using these curly braces.", 'start': 1432.335, 'duration': 8.488}], 'summary': 'Sets are unordered, with no duplicates. use curly braces instead of brackets or parentheses.', 'duration': 31.254, 'max_score': 1409.569, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1409569.jpg'}, {'end': 1479.956, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1453.997, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1459.623, 'text': "and if i run this a couple more times then we'll see that you know this order can change with each execution.", 'start': 1453.997, 'duration': 5.626}, {'end': 1466.107, 'text': "Now, the reason for this is because, unlike our lists or tuples, sets don't really care about order,", 'start': 1460.143, 'duration': 5.964}, {'end': 1475.353, 'text': "because some of the main uses for a set is either to test whether a value is part of a set and also it's used a lot to remove duplicate values,", 'start': 1466.107, 'duration': 9.246}, {'end': 1477.234, 'text': 'because sets throw away duplicates.', 'start': 1475.353, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 1479.956, 'text': "So first let's look at how to get rid of duplicates.", 'start': 1477.574, 'duration': 2.382}], 'summary': "Sets don't care about order and are used to test values and remove duplicates.", 'duration': 25.959, 'max_score': 1453.997, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1453997.jpg'}, {'end': 1548.715, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1502.284, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1505.905, 'text': 'So sets do this a lot more efficiently than lists and tuples.', 'start': 1502.284, 'duration': 3.621}, {'end': 1519.393, 'text': 'So what I mean by this is that within our print statement, if I was to say math in CS courses and I run that then we can see that it prints out true.', 'start': 1506.265, 'duration': 13.128}, {'end': 1524.279, 'text': 'Now we could do that with lists and tuples also, but sets are optimized for this.', 'start': 1519.774, 'duration': 4.505}, {'end': 1533.188, 'text': "Okay, and lastly, something else really useful that sets can quickly do is determine what values they either share or don't share with other sets.", 'start': 1524.879, 'duration': 8.309}, {'end': 1538.431, 'text': 'So for example, let me create another set called art courses.', 'start': 1533.549, 'duration': 4.882}, {'end': 1542.333, 'text': "And I'll create this pretty similar to CS courses here.", 'start': 1538.891, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 1548.715, 'text': "But instead of physics and comp sci, I'll instead say art and design.", 'start': 1543.113, 'duration': 5.602}], 'summary': 'Sets are more efficient than lists and tuples for operations and can quickly determine shared or unique values with other sets.', 'duration': 46.431, 'max_score': 1502.284, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1502284.jpg'}], 'start': 1409.569, 'title': 'Sets and tuples in python', 'summary': "Explains the characteristics and usage of sets and tuples in python, emphasizing sets' unordered nature and lack of duplicates, while also demonstrating set operations' efficiency and performance compared to other data types.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1453.997, 'start': 1409.569, 'title': 'Sets and tuples in python', 'summary': 'Explains the characteristics and usage of sets and tuples in python, emphasizing that sets are unordered and have no duplicates, while tuples prevent issues encountered with other data types. a code example demonstrates the behavior of sets when printed.', 'duration': 44.428, 'highlights': ['Sets are unordered and have no duplicates, while tuples prevent issues with data ordering.', 'A code example is used to illustrate the behavior of sets when printed.']}, {'end': 1731.666, 'start': 1453.997, 'title': 'Working with sets in python', 'summary': 'Explains the usage of sets in python, including removing duplicates, membership tests, and set operations like intersection, difference, and union, demonstrating their efficiency and performance compared to lists and tuples.', 'duration': 277.669, 'highlights': ['Sets are used to remove duplicate values, and they disregard order, making them efficient for this purpose.', 'Sets perform membership tests more efficiently than lists and tuples, as they are optimized for this operation.', 'Set operations like intersection, difference, and union can quickly determine shared or unique values between sets, showcasing their utility over lists and tuples.']}], 'duration': 322.097, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/W8KRzm-HUcc/pics/W8KRzm-HUcc1409569.jpg', 'highlights': ['Sets are used to remove duplicate values, and they disregard order, making them efficient for this purpose.', 'Set operations like intersection, difference, and union can quickly determine shared or unique values between sets, showcasing their utility over lists and tuples.', 'Sets are unordered and have no duplicates, while tuples prevent issues with data ordering.', 'A code example is used to illustrate the behavior of sets when printed.', 'Sets perform membership tests more efficiently than lists and tuples, as they are optimized for this operation.']}], 'highlights': ['Lists in Python have more functionality than other data types, making them a versatile tool for working with sequential data.', 'Accessing values in a list using indexes, which start at 0, and negative indexes can be used to access values from the end of the list, providing a convenient way to access the last item.', 'The length of a list can be obtained using the LEN function, which returns the number of values in the list, providing a way to quantify the size of the list.', 'The extend method in Python adds each individual item from a second list to the original list, resulting in a total of 6 individual items when courses and courses two are extended.', "The insert method is used to add a value to a specific position in the list, as demonstrated by inserting 'art' at position 0, resulting in the shifting of the existing values.", "The remove method is employed to remove a specific value from the list, exemplified by removing 'math' from the courses list.", "The pop method can be used to remove the last value from a list, which is useful for simulating a stack or a queue, as demonstrated by removing 'Comp Sci' from the list of courses.", "The in operator can be used to check if a value exists in a list, for example, 'art in courses' returns false and 'math in courses' returns true.", 'Tuples are similar to lists but with the key difference that they are immutable, in contrast to the mutable nature of lists.', 'Sets are used to remove duplicate values, and they disregard order, making them efficient for this purpose.']}