title
Python OOPS Concepts | Python OOP Tutorial | Python Classes and Objects | Python Tutorial | Edureka

description
🔥 Python Certification Training: https://www.edureka.co/data-science-python-certification-course This Edureka session on Python OOPS concepts (Python OOPs Blog: http://bit.ly/2JlVhFJ) will help you understand Python Classes and Objects with examples. It will also explain the concept of OOPS in Python. Check out our Python Training Playlist: https://goo.gl/Na1p9G These following topics will be covered in this Python Programming tutorial: 1. Classes and Objects 2. Classes in Python 3. OOPS concepts in Python Subscribe to our channel to get video updates. Hit the subscribe button above. PG in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning with NIT Warangal : https://www.edureka.co/post-graduate/machine-learning-and-ai For more information, Please write back to us at sales@edureka.co or call us at IND: 9606058406 / US: 18338555775 (toll free). Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/edureka_learning/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/edurekaIN/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/edurekain LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edureka

detail
{'title': 'Python OOPS Concepts | Python OOP Tutorial | Python Classes and Objects | Python Tutorial | Edureka', 'heatmap': [{'end': 716.115, 'start': 667.159, 'weight': 0.706}, {'end': 1217.525, 'start': 1179.977, 'weight': 0.753}, {'end': 1658.856, 'start': 1637.383, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'Tutorial series on python oop covers popular concepts like classes, objects, constructors, inheritance, encapsulation, and abstract classes, with practical examples using pycharm for class scope and demonstrating a 15% annual price increase function for cars.', 'chapters': [{'end': 240.59, 'segs': [{'end': 57.063, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4.141, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 10.025, 'text': 'Hello everyone, this is Neil from Edureka and welcome to this Edureka live session on Python OOPS.', 'start': 4.141, 'duration': 5.884}, {'end': 17.991, 'text': "OOPS, which basically stands for Object Oriented Programming System, or Object Oriented Programming, as it's most popularly known,", 'start': 10.766, 'duration': 7.225}, {'end': 20.453, 'text': 'is one of the most popular programming paradigm.', 'start': 17.991, 'duration': 2.462}, {'end': 25.496, 'text': 'Now, although Python is not completely an object oriented programming language,', 'start': 20.953, 'duration': 4.543}, {'end': 30.38, 'text': 'but still it uses major concepts of object oriented programming style as part of this.', 'start': 25.496, 'duration': 4.884}, {'end': 38.029, 'text': "Now before we move forward, let's just recap on what we have discussed in our previous session on Python programming.", 'start': 31.684, 'duration': 6.345}, {'end': 42.072, 'text': 'Now, in our previous session, we started off with what is Python.', 'start': 38.589, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 49.737, 'text': 'we looked at the various applications which were built using Python in different domains as well, and then we moved on to the Python code basics,', 'start': 42.072, 'duration': 7.665}, {'end': 53.82, 'text': 'wherein we spoke about the different data types, the different data operators.', 'start': 49.737, 'duration': 4.083}, {'end': 57.063, 'text': 'we saw conditional statements, we saw loops and so forth.', 'start': 53.82, 'duration': 3.243}], 'summary': 'Python oops live session covers oops concepts and basics of python programming.', 'duration': 52.922, 'max_score': 4.141, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA4141.jpg'}, {'end': 152.007, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 127.612, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 136.338, 'text': 'anything that we see around, anything that has different properties can be called as an object, and here how it differs from the older style, that is,', 'start': 127.612, 'duration': 8.726}, {'end': 145.985, 'text': "the program procedure oriented programming style, is that it goes from a bottom up approach as well, as there's more data security as well,", 'start': 136.338, 'duration': 9.647}, {'end': 152.007, 'text': 'and You can use various operations like data accessing, data overloading, data expansion and so forth.', 'start': 145.985, 'duration': 6.022}], 'summary': 'Transitioning from procedure-oriented to object-oriented programming offers improved data security and enables various operations like data accessing, overloading, and expansion.', 'duration': 24.395, 'max_score': 127.612, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA127612.jpg'}, {'end': 212.457, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 169.614, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 178.82, 'text': 'Now, to give you a simple one-line definition, a class basically is a logical grouping which helps us reuse and rebuild our data as part of the code.', 'start': 169.614, 'duration': 9.206}, {'end': 184.521, 'text': 'Now, to put it quite simply, it basically is similar to a template or a blueprint that we use.', 'start': 179.26, 'duration': 5.261}, {'end': 191.783, 'text': 'Once I have defined a specific requirement of mine, then what I can do is that I can go on radiating with respect to that.', 'start': 185.222, 'duration': 6.561}, {'end': 193.904, 'text': "Now, let's look at the example here.", 'start': 192.243, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 197.705, 'text': 'Now, if you look here, I have created a class called employees,', 'start': 194.224, 'duration': 3.481}, {'end': 202.546, 'text': 'wherein I have defined some of the most common parameter each of my employees will be having.', 'start': 197.705, 'duration': 4.841}, {'end': 207.01, 'text': 'there would be his name, there would be their age, and there would be their salary.', 'start': 203.126, 'duration': 3.884}, {'end': 212.457, 'text': 'Now, I have defined a blueprint, but there comes a time where I need to implement this.', 'start': 207.391, 'duration': 5.066}], 'summary': "A class is a logical grouping for reusing and rebuilding data as a template or blueprint. example: class 'employees' with parameters like name, age, and salary.", 'duration': 42.843, 'max_score': 169.614, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA169614.jpg'}], 'start': 4.141, 'title': 'Python oops and classes', 'summary': 'Introduces python oops, discussing its popularity and concepts, while also recapping previous python programming session which covered data types, operators, conditional statements, and loops. additionally, it discusses the concept of classes and objects in python, highlighting the shift from procedural to object-oriented programming and providing a simple example to illustrate the definition and implementation of classes and objects.', 'chapters': [{'end': 57.063, 'start': 4.141, 'title': 'Python oops live session', 'summary': 'Introduces python oops, discussing its popularity and concepts, while also recapping previous python programming session which covered data types, operators, conditional statements, and loops.', 'duration': 52.922, 'highlights': ['Python OOPS is introduced, highlighting its popularity as one of the most popular programming paradigms, and its usage of major concepts of object oriented programming style.', 'Recap of previous Python programming session, covering topics such as data types, data operators, conditional statements, and loops.', 'Discussion on Python being not completely an object oriented programming language, but still using major concepts of object oriented programming style.']}, {'end': 240.59, 'start': 57.503, 'title': 'Python classes and objects', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of classes and objects in python, highlighting the shift from procedural to object-oriented programming and providing a simple example to illustrate the definition and implementation of classes and objects.', 'duration': 183.087, 'highlights': ['The importance of data was realized with the introduction of object-oriented programming, which follows a bottom-up approach, ensuring data security and enabling various operations like data accessing, overloading, and expansion. Object-oriented programming emphasizes the value of data and introduces objects, providing a bottom-up approach, enhanced data security, and support for operations like data accessing, overloading, and expansion.', 'A class is a logical grouping that facilitates the reuse and rebuilding of data as part of the code, functioning as a template or blueprint for defining specific requirements and creating instances known as objects. A class serves as a logical grouping to enable the reuse and rebuilding of data, resembling a template or blueprint for defining specific requirements and creating objects as instances.', "The example of creating a 'employees' class with parameters such as name, age, and salary, further illustrating the concept of defining a blueprint and implementing instances as objects. The example of creating an 'employees' class with parameters like name, age, and salary demonstrates the process of defining a blueprint and implementing instances as objects."]}], 'duration': 236.449, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA4141.jpg', 'highlights': ['Python OOPS is introduced, highlighting its popularity as one of the most popular programming paradigms, and its usage of major concepts of object oriented programming style.', 'Recap of previous Python programming session, covering topics such as data types, data operators, conditional statements, and loops.', 'Discussion on Python being not completely an object oriented programming language, but still using major concepts of object oriented programming style.', 'The importance of data was realized with the introduction of object-oriented programming, which follows a bottom-up approach, ensuring data security and enabling various operations like data accessing, overloading, and expansion.', 'A class is a logical grouping that facilitates the reuse and rebuilding of data as part of the code, functioning as a template or blueprint for defining specific requirements and creating instances known as objects.', "The example of creating a 'employees' class with parameters such as name, age, and salary, further illustrating the concept of defining a blueprint and implementing instances as objects."]}, {'end': 660.145, 'segs': [{'end': 309.183, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 240.59, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 244.933, 'text': 'now, how does python implement classes?', 'start': 240.59, 'duration': 4.343}, {'end': 247.254, 'text': 'now again, go back to the definition.', 'start': 244.933, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 252.596, 'text': 'a class basically is a blueprint for which objects are created.', 'start': 247.254, 'duration': 5.342}, {'end': 262.179, 'text': "now coming to the basic syntax for how to write a class in python, it's quite easy, because you just need to define the keyword class,", 'start': 252.596, 'duration': 9.583}, {'end': 264.86, 'text': 'following which you need to specify the name of the class.', 'start': 262.179, 'duration': 2.681}, {'end': 265.741, 'text': "now, let's go.", 'start': 264.86, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 274.104, 'text': 'if you take the previous example, the name of that class would be employees and each of the objects would be created from that same class.', 'start': 265.741, 'duration': 8.363}, {'end': 278.747, 'text': "now, what i'm going to be writing inside the class would be three major aspects.", 'start': 274.104, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 283.911, 'text': 'i would have my class variables, i would have instance variables and i would have data members.', 'start': 278.747, 'duration': 5.164}, {'end': 287.273, 'text': 'okay, now, these are the three major aspects to any class as such.', 'start': 283.911, 'duration': 3.362}, {'end': 293.476, 'text': 'now, if i need a variable which is going to be shared by all the instances of the class.', 'start': 287.873, 'duration': 5.603}, {'end': 294.996, 'text': 'now do not get confused.', 'start': 293.476, 'duration': 1.52}, {'end': 299.798, 'text': 'when i say instance, it basically is referring to a object itself.', 'start': 294.996, 'duration': 4.802}, {'end': 302.98, 'text': 'so here we refer to an object as instance.', 'start': 299.798, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 304.26, 'text': 'now each.', 'start': 302.98, 'duration': 1.28}, {'end': 309.183, 'text': 'if i want each of the instance to share a common variable, then i would make it a class variable.', 'start': 304.26, 'duration': 4.923}], 'summary': 'Python classes define blueprints for creating objects; syntax is easy with class variables, instance variables, and data members.', 'duration': 68.593, 'max_score': 240.59, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA240590.jpg'}, {'end': 436.457, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 404.302, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 407.964, 'text': 'Then comes the time for me to create objects for this class.', 'start': 404.302, 'duration': 3.662}, {'end': 411.065, 'text': 'So what I do is let me call an object.', 'start': 408.584, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 413.166, 'text': "Let's take Honda for it.", 'start': 411.906, 'duration': 1.26}, {'end': 416.488, 'text': 'Okay So this is the name of my object.', 'start': 414.007, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 419.89, 'text': "And then I'm going to specify to which class it belongs to.", 'start': 416.988, 'duration': 2.902}, {'end': 422.391, 'text': 'So it belongs to the class car.', 'start': 420.87, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 426.429, 'text': 'and this is how you create an object in Python.', 'start': 424.167, 'duration': 2.262}, {'end': 435.316, 'text': 'Quite easy, right? Similarly, let me create another one.', 'start': 426.789, 'duration': 8.527}, {'end': 436.457, 'text': 'Let me call it tata.', 'start': 435.356, 'duration': 1.101}], 'summary': 'Creating objects in python class, honda and tata, belonging to class car.', 'duration': 32.155, 'max_score': 404.302, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA404302.jpg'}, {'end': 666.859, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 636.899, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 639.76, 'text': "okay, it's with respect to the definition of the class.", 'start': 636.899, 'duration': 2.861}, {'end': 646.103, 'text': "now, if you go back to, if we go back to our slides here, can you see there's a small semicolon here that we have missed out.", 'start': 639.76, 'duration': 6.343}, {'end': 647.483, 'text': 'so this is how it is.', 'start': 646.103, 'duration': 1.38}, {'end': 650.704, 'text': 'a single semicolon can make a lot of difference.', 'start': 647.483, 'duration': 3.221}, {'end': 653.446, 'text': "okay, now, let's just save this.", 'start': 650.704, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 653.946, 'text': "let's run it.", 'start': 653.446, 'duration': 0.5}, {'end': 660.145, 'text': 'Ah, okay, I can see the price of my Honda car here.', 'start': 657.467, 'duration': 2.678}, {'end': 666.859, 'text': "Now, this is a lot of pain for me when I'm working with multiple instances which have unique variables to them.", 'start': 660.717, 'duration': 6.142}], 'summary': 'A missing semicolon in the class definition caused an error, leading to the display of honda car price.', 'duration': 29.96, 'max_score': 636.899, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA636899.jpg'}], 'start': 240.59, 'title': 'Python classes and objects', 'summary': 'Covers python class syntax, class variables, instance variables, and data members, along with creating class objects, defining objects, assigning instance variables, and debugging class definition errors.', 'chapters': [{'end': 331.05, 'start': 240.59, 'title': 'Python classes syntax and variables', 'summary': 'Explains the basic syntax for writing a class in python and the three major aspects of a class: class variables, instance variables, and data members.', 'duration': 90.46, 'highlights': ["The chapter explains the basic syntax for writing a class in Python, using the keyword 'class' followed by specifying the name of the class.", 'It discusses the three major aspects of a class: class variables, instance variables, and data members.', 'It explains how to use class variables for sharing a common variable among all instances of the class, and how to use instance variables for specific variables for each instance.']}, {'end': 660.145, 'start': 331.05, 'title': 'Creating python class and objects', 'summary': 'Explains how to create a python class, define objects, assign instance variables, and debug a class definition error, with a focus on creating instances and assigning variables.', 'duration': 329.095, 'highlights': ["Explanation of creating Python class, defining objects, and assigning instance variables The chapter provides a step-by-step explanation of creating a Python class named 'cars', defining objects 'Honda' and 'Tata', and assigning instance variables such as model name, year of manufacture, and price.", 'Debugging a class definition error with a missing semicolon The chapter emphasizes the significance of correct syntax by debugging a class definition error caused by a missed semicolon, highlighting the importance of attention to detail in coding.']}], 'duration': 419.555, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA240590.jpg', 'highlights': ["The chapter provides a step-by-step explanation of creating a Python class named 'cars', defining objects 'Honda' and 'Tata', and assigning instance variables such as model name, year of manufacture, and price.", 'It discusses the three major aspects of a class: class variables, instance variables, and data members.', 'It explains how to use class variables for sharing a common variable among all instances of the class, and how to use instance variables for specific variables for each instance.', "The chapter explains the basic syntax for writing a class in Python, using the keyword 'class' followed by specifying the name of the class.", 'The chapter emphasizes the significance of correct syntax by debugging a class definition error caused by a missed semicolon, highlighting the importance of attention to detail in coding.']}, {'end': 956.4, 'segs': [{'end': 726.985, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 667.159, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 671.94, 'text': "But let's say if I have common values that needs to be created for all of these.", 'start': 667.159, 'duration': 4.781}, {'end': 677.122, 'text': 'If I was using other programming languages, we had a concept known as constructors.', 'start': 672.52, 'duration': 4.602}, {'end': 681.263, 'text': "But don't worry, that same is present here as well with Python.", 'start': 677.502, 'duration': 3.761}, {'end': 689.287, 'text': 'So, to create a constructor, use the following command which is def, which is basically defining a function and Use init.', 'start': 681.643, 'duration': 7.644}, {'end': 691.911, 'text': 'Now, init is basically a constructor here.', 'start': 689.587, 'duration': 2.324}, {'end': 698.22, 'text': 'And what it is representing is that it is going to initialize the value of the variables.', 'start': 692.391, 'duration': 5.829}, {'end': 703.008, 'text': "Now, if you notice here, there's a keyword that is already added here that is self.", 'start': 698.641, 'duration': 4.367}, {'end': 708.388, 'text': 'self basically is a reference to the object which is going to be calling this function.', 'start': 703.544, 'duration': 4.844}, {'end': 716.115, 'text': 'now, those of you who are not familiar with functions can check out our video on python tutorials, where we have talked about functions,', 'start': 708.388, 'duration': 7.727}, {'end': 720.399, 'text': 'and also check out our python function video as well.', 'start': 716.115, 'duration': 4.284}, {'end': 723.042, 'text': 'okay, now, what happens is to this.', 'start': 720.399, 'duration': 2.643}, {'end': 726.985, 'text': 'let me pass a model name.', 'start': 723.042, 'duration': 3.943}], 'summary': "Python uses 'def init' to create constructors, with 'self' as a reference to the calling object.", 'duration': 66.268, 'max_score': 667.159, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA667159.jpg'}, {'end': 928.625, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 849.542, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 860.946, 'text': 'so this basically is a constructor that is going to be used when I have to assign specific values to my objects or instances at the time that they are creating.', 'start': 849.542, 'duration': 11.404}, {'end': 866.188, 'text': "apart from this, if you want to create or you want to add any specific value, you're free to do that.", 'start': 860.946, 'duration': 5.242}, {'end': 868.769, 'text': "now. let's say I want to add a new value.", 'start': 866.188, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 872.551, 'text': "let's say I want to create Honda dot.", 'start': 868.769, 'duration': 3.782}, {'end': 878.305, 'text': "let's say want to add the cc as well, the cc of honda city, which is equal to 1500.", 'start': 872.551, 'duration': 5.754}, {'end': 882.048, 'text': 'okay, so this is also very simple.', 'start': 878.305, 'duration': 3.743}, {'end': 887.693, 'text': "now what happens here is that i've created an instance variable for the honda object.", 'start': 882.048, 'duration': 5.645}, {'end': 888.994, 'text': 'okay, now same thing.', 'start': 887.693, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 901.198, 'text': 'let me just say, if i want to see the complete values that are associated to an object, then what do i do is that i check the namespace for it.', 'start': 888.994, 'duration': 12.204}, {'end': 903.38, 'text': 'now, how do i check the namespace for it?', 'start': 901.198, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 906.822, 'text': 'is that i use the dictionary option.', 'start': 903.38, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 909.464, 'text': 'sorry, i use a dictionary function.', 'start': 906.822, 'duration': 2.642}, {'end': 920.078, 'text': 'okay, so if i use dict function and if i run this, then what you see here is that I have a model name, which is city.', 'start': 909.464, 'duration': 10.614}, {'end': 922.72, 'text': 'I have a year of manufacturing 2017.', 'start': 920.078, 'duration': 2.642}, {'end': 928.625, 'text': 'I have a price and I have the CC associated asset to it as well.', 'start': 922.72, 'duration': 5.905}], 'summary': 'Constructor used to assign specific values to instances. can add specific values freely. example using honda object and checking object values using dictionary function.', 'duration': 79.083, 'max_score': 849.542, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA849542.jpg'}], 'start': 660.717, 'title': 'Python constructors and instance variables', 'summary': 'Discusses the use of constructors in python to initialize variables for multiple instances, demonstrating the process with specific parameters and their values for object creation and modification. it also explains the use of constructors for assigning specific values to objects and instances at creation, allowing for additional specific value addition, demonstrating the creation of instance variables, checking the namespace for values using a dictionary function, and understanding the difference in output for different objects.', 'chapters': [{'end': 849.542, 'start': 660.717, 'title': 'Python constructors and initializations', 'summary': 'Discusses the use of constructors in python to initialize variables for multiple instances, demonstrating the process with specific parameters and their values for object creation and modification.', 'duration': 188.825, 'highlights': ["The 'self' keyword in Python is a reference to the object calling the function, allowing for the initialization of variables for each instance, as demonstrated by assigning values to model name, year of manufacturing, and price.", "The chapter demonstrates the creation of a constructor in Python using the 'def' command and 'init' function to initialize common values for multiple instances, providing a specific example with model name, year of manufacturing, and price for different objects.", 'The use of constructors in Python eliminates the need for redundant code, allowing for the generalization of requirements and ensuring consistent output for multiple instances.']}, {'end': 956.4, 'start': 849.542, 'title': 'Python constructors and instance variables', 'summary': 'Explains the use of constructors for assigning specific values to objects and instances at creation, allowing for additional specific value addition. it also demonstrates the creation of instance variables, checking the namespace for values using a dictionary function, and understanding the difference in output for different objects.', 'duration': 106.858, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the use of constructors for assigning specific values to objects and instances at creation. The constructor is used to assign specific values to objects or instances at the time of their creation.', 'The demonstration of creating instance variables and checking the namespace for values using a dictionary function. Creation of an instance variable for the Honda object and checking the namespace for values using a dictionary function.', 'Understanding the difference in output for different objects when using the dictionary function to check the namespace for values. Observing the difference in output for different objects, such as the presence or absence of certain values, when using the dictionary function to check the namespace for values.']}], 'duration': 295.683, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA660717.jpg', 'highlights': ['The use of constructors in Python eliminates the need for redundant code, allowing for the generalization of requirements and ensuring consistent output for multiple instances.', "The chapter demonstrates the creation of a constructor in Python using the 'def' command and 'init' function to initialize common values for multiple instances, providing a specific example with model name, year of manufacturing, and price for different objects.", "The 'self' keyword in Python is a reference to the object calling the function, allowing for the initialization of variables for each instance, as demonstrated by assigning values to model name, year of manufacturing, and price.", 'The chapter explains the use of constructors for assigning specific values to objects and instances at creation. The constructor is used to assign specific values to objects or instances at the time of their creation.', 'The demonstration of creating instance variables and checking the namespace for values using a dictionary function. Creation of an instance variable for the Honda object and checking the namespace for values using a dictionary function.', 'Understanding the difference in output for different objects when using the dictionary function to check the namespace for values. Observing the difference in output for different objects, such as the presence or absence of certain values, when using the dictionary function to check the namespace for values.']}, {'end': 1174.618, 'segs': [{'end': 996.081, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 963.658, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 966.679, 'text': "okay, that's great good to see that all of you are following it.", 'start': 963.658, 'duration': 3.021}, {'end': 971.48, 'text': "now, if I have a class, then if I don't perform any operations in it,", 'start': 966.679, 'duration': 4.801}, {'end': 977.182, 'text': "then I'm basically not optimizing or using the complete capability of that class as well.", 'start': 971.48, 'duration': 5.702}, {'end': 981.204, 'text': "now what I'll be doing is that I'll be creating a function here.", 'start': 977.182, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 988.246, 'text': "so this function, what it basically does, is that it's going to increase the price of my car.", 'start': 981.204, 'duration': 7.042}, {'end': 996.081, 'text': "so what I'm going to do is that for defining any function, use the keyword def okay, following which the name of the function.", 'start': 988.246, 'duration': 7.835}], 'summary': 'Creating a function to increase car price for optimizing class capability.', 'duration': 32.423, 'max_score': 963.658, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA963658.jpg'}, {'end': 1087.511, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1016.239, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1022.067, 'text': 'what do i need to do is that i basically just need to update the value of price.', 'start': 1016.239, 'duration': 5.828}, {'end': 1030.712, 'text': "okay, so what i'm going to do is that i'm going to use self dot price equal to.", 'start': 1022.067, 'duration': 8.645}, {'end': 1044.461, 'text': "then i'm going to do a simple computation, let's say the present self dot price i'm sorry about the typo into okay,", 'start': 1030.712, 'duration': 13.749}, {'end': 1047.863, 'text': 'how much do you think the annual price range would be?', 'start': 1044.461, 'duration': 3.402}, {'end': 1049.164, 'text': "let's take a guess.", 'start': 1047.863, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 1052.174, 'text': "let's maybe a 15% rise.", 'start': 1049.164, 'duration': 3.01}, {'end': 1054.575, 'text': "In that case, I'll go with 1.15.", 'start': 1053.235, 'duration': 1.34}, {'end': 1060.136, 'text': 'Okay Now, I have defined a function here.', 'start': 1054.575, 'duration': 5.561}, {'end': 1065.157, 'text': "But what you need to understand is that it's not exactly in the scope of the class.", 'start': 1060.656, 'duration': 4.501}, {'end': 1071.999, 'text': 'So sorry about that.', 'start': 1065.918, 'duration': 6.081}, {'end': 1083.048, 'text': "Now, how do you identify if it's in scope or not? It's basically one of the eases with respect to PyCharm.", 'start': 1077.423, 'duration': 5.625}, {'end': 1087.511, 'text': 'If I expand it, then I know what is part of the class and what is not.', 'start': 1083.648, 'duration': 3.863}], 'summary': 'Updating price value, predicting 15% rise, defining function not in class scope.', 'duration': 71.272, 'max_score': 1016.239, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1016239.jpg'}, {'end': 1150.907, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1114.037, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1116.579, 'text': "so what i'll do is that i'll send this function.", 'start': 1114.037, 'duration': 2.542}, {'end': 1123.505, 'text': "i'll use the honda object to call that function now to use any of the functions associated to a class.", 'start': 1116.579, 'duration': 6.926}, {'end': 1127.348, 'text': "make sure you're using the instance or object of that class.", 'start': 1123.505, 'duration': 3.843}, {'end': 1129.009, 'text': 'so honda dot.', 'start': 1127.348, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 1134.258, 'text': 'Now you can already see here the different suggestions that comes to it.', 'start': 1130.976, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 1137.099, 'text': 'Now price increase is the function that I want.', 'start': 1134.778, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 1139.941, 'text': 'Okay And again, let me copy this and paste it.', 'start': 1137.74, 'duration': 2.201}, {'end': 1150.907, 'text': "Okay So again, see the major issue here is it's considering this.", 'start': 1147.205, 'duration': 3.702}], 'summary': 'Using the honda object to call the price increase function associated with a class.', 'duration': 36.87, 'max_score': 1114.037, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1114037.jpg'}], 'start': 963.658, 'title': 'Creating price increase function and using pycharm for class scope in python', 'summary': 'Details the creation of a function to increase car price with 15% annual rise and demonstrates identifying and using class scope in python with emphasis on using pycharm as ide and accessing functions with the instance or object of the class.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1052.174, 'start': 963.658, 'title': 'Creating a price increase function', 'summary': 'Discusses the creation of a function to increase the price of a car, emphasizing the use of self in defining the function and incorporating a 15% annual price rise.', 'duration': 88.516, 'highlights': ["The function price_increase is created to update the value of the car's price using the self keyword, ensuring optimization of class capability.", 'The price increase function utilizes a simple computation to raise the price by 15% annually, demonstrating practical application of Python programming for financial modeling.', 'Emphasizing the importance of performing operations within a class to optimize its capability and functionality, highlighting the relevance of utilizing Python programming for practical tasks.']}, {'end': 1174.618, 'start': 1053.235, 'title': 'Using pycharm for class scope in python', 'summary': 'Illustrates how to identify and use class scope in python using pycharm as an ide, emphasizing the importance of using the instance or object of the class when accessing functions, with a focus on price increase function.', 'duration': 121.383, 'highlights': ['The importance of using the instance or object of the class when accessing functions is highlighted.', 'The chapter emphasizes the ease of identifying class scope using PyCharm as an IDE.', 'The process of identifying class scope and accessing functions is explained with a focus on the price increase function.']}], 'duration': 210.96, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA963658.jpg', 'highlights': ["The function price_increase is created to update the value of the car's price using the self keyword, ensuring optimization of class capability.", 'The price increase function utilizes a simple computation to raise the price by 15% annually, demonstrating practical application of Python programming for financial modeling.', 'Emphasizing the importance of performing operations within a class to optimize its capability and functionality, highlighting the relevance of utilizing Python programming for practical tasks.', 'The importance of using the instance or object of the class when accessing functions is highlighted.', 'The chapter emphasizes the ease of identifying class scope using PyCharm as an IDE.', 'The process of identifying class scope and accessing functions is explained with a focus on the price increase function.']}, {'end': 1419.262, 'segs': [{'end': 1223.531, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1179.977, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1184.78, 'text': 'Okay So these are basic function operations that you can perform with respective Python.', 'start': 1179.977, 'duration': 4.803}, {'end': 1192.466, 'text': "Now, let me go back to my presentation and here let's talk about the various object oriented concepts in Python.", 'start': 1185.181, 'duration': 7.285}, {'end': 1199.812, 'text': "Now in this session, what we'll be talking about are the three major concepts, which is inheritance, encapsulation and abstraction.", 'start': 1192.847, 'duration': 6.965}, {'end': 1202.554, 'text': 'Now when we come down to inheritance.', 'start': 1200.372, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 1213.32, 'text': 'inheritance basically is the ability or the opportunity for any class to inherit the attributes and behaviors from the parent class.', 'start': 1202.554, 'duration': 10.766}, {'end': 1217.525, 'text': 'now, when I talk about a parent class, it refers to a super class as such.', 'start': 1213.32, 'duration': 4.205}, {'end': 1221.069, 'text': "okay, so let's take cars itself for an example.", 'start': 1217.525, 'duration': 3.544}, {'end': 1223.531, 'text': "but before that let's look at the example here.", 'start': 1221.069, 'duration': 2.462}], 'summary': 'Python session covers inheritance, encapsulation, abstraction.', 'duration': 47.237, 'max_score': 1179.977, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1179977.jpg'}, {'end': 1429.79, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1390.882, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1391.703, 'text': "Let's rerun this.", 'start': 1390.882, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 1396.686, 'text': 'Now, here what is happening is that it is referencing to its parent.', 'start': 1392.343, 'duration': 4.343}, {'end': 1403.171, 'text': "Now, to get a better understanding of what exactly is happening here, we're going to use something interesting.", 'start': 1396.966, 'duration': 6.205}, {'end': 1406.833, 'text': "What we're basically going to do is that we're going to use the help function.", 'start': 1403.531, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 1411.897, 'text': 'Print help.', 'start': 1408.875, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 1416.18, 'text': "And here what I'm going to do is that I'm going to pass Honda.", 'start': 1412.397, 'duration': 3.783}, {'end': 1419.262, 'text': 'Let me just comment this.', 'start': 1418.361, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 1429.79, 'text': 'Now this is something that I really want to show you guys.', 'start': 1427.472, 'duration': 2.318}], 'summary': "Rerunning and demonstrating the use of the help function with the 'honda' parameter.", 'duration': 38.908, 'max_score': 1390.882, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1390882.jpg'}], 'start': 1176.294, 'title': 'Python inheritance concepts', 'summary': 'Explains basic function operations in python and then delves into the concepts of inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction, emphasizing the concept of inheritance with an example of creating a derived class inheriting from a base class. it also explores the concept of inheritance in python, demonstrating how child classes inherit attributes from parent classes and the usage of the help function to gain a better understanding of the code.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1287.887, 'start': 1176.294, 'title': 'Python oop inheritance', 'summary': 'Explains basic function operations in python and then delves into the concepts of inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction, emphasizing the concept of inheritance with an example of creating a derived class inheriting from a base class.', 'duration': 111.593, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains basic function operations in Python and then delves into the concepts of inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction The chapter covers the basic function operations in Python and then proceeds to discuss the concepts of inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction, providing a comprehensive overview of object-oriented programming in Python.', 'Emphasizing the concept of inheritance with an example of creating a derived class inheriting from a base class The chapter emphasizes the concept of inheritance by illustrating the process of creating a derived class (son) that inherits attributes and behaviors from a parent class (base class), providing a clear example of inheritance in Python.']}, {'end': 1419.262, 'start': 1287.887, 'title': 'Python inheritance concepts', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of inheritance in python, demonstrating how child classes inherit attributes from parent classes and the usage of the help function to gain a better understanding of the code.', 'duration': 131.375, 'highlights': ['The usage of the help function to gain a better understanding of the code, by demonstrating how to pass the child class to the help function and using it to get detailed information about the class and its inheritance structure.', "The demonstration of inheritance in Python, showing how child classes can inherit attributes from parent classes without explicitly defining them, as exemplified by accessing the 'year' attribute from the 'Honda' class.", 'The exploration of running and debugging Python code, including the process of removing errors, printing values, and understanding namespace, as showcased by running and rerunning code and debugging a spelling mistake in the output.']}], 'duration': 242.968, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1176294.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the basic function operations in Python and then proceeds to discuss the concepts of inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction, providing a comprehensive overview of object-oriented programming in Python.', 'The chapter emphasizes the concept of inheritance by illustrating the process of creating a derived class (son) that inherits attributes and behaviors from a parent class (base class), providing a clear example of inheritance in Python.', 'The usage of the help function to gain a better understanding of the code, by demonstrating how to pass the child class to the help function and using it to get detailed information about the class and its inheritance structure.', "The demonstration of inheritance in Python, showing how child classes can inherit attributes from parent classes without explicitly defining them, as exemplified by accessing the 'year' attribute from the 'Honda' class."]}, {'end': 1719.027, 'segs': [{'end': 1462.25, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1427.472, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1429.79, 'text': 'Now this is something that I really want to show you guys.', 'start': 1427.472, 'duration': 2.318}, {'end': 1438.664, 'text': "okay now, if you see here what is happening is that it's showing me the method resolution order,", 'start': 1433.479, 'duration': 5.185}, {'end': 1443.548, 'text': 'so basically is showing me how it is going to follow the sequence of operations.', 'start': 1438.664, 'duration': 4.884}, {'end': 1448.592, 'text': 'first, it is going to check in supercar for init method, but I have not defined it here.', 'start': 1443.548, 'duration': 5.044}, {'end': 1452.416, 'text': "so what it's going to do is that it's going to refer the car class.", 'start': 1448.592, 'duration': 3.824}, {'end': 1462.25, 'text': 'if it is not defined there as well, then it will go back to the parent class for all objects, which is built-in dot objects.', 'start': 1452.416, 'duration': 9.834}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating method resolution order for object inheritance.', 'duration': 34.778, 'max_score': 1427.472, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1427472.jpg'}, {'end': 1670.544, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1637.383, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1644.647, 'text': 'and is one of the most popular and major factor for any programming language that uses object oriented programming systems.', 'start': 1637.383, 'duration': 7.264}, {'end': 1653.352, 'text': 'okay. now, coming back to the next concept that is associated to python okay, you have encapsulation now.', 'start': 1645.327, 'duration': 8.025}, {'end': 1658.856, 'text': 'encapsulation, basically, is the method through which you bind your data and your code together.', 'start': 1653.352, 'duration': 5.504}, {'end': 1666.001, 'text': "now it also helps you in hiding your data from people whom you don't want to do it don't want to give visibility to.", 'start': 1658.856, 'duration': 7.145}, {'end': 1670.544, 'text': 'so this is one of the major key factors for any programming language as such.', 'start': 1666.001, 'duration': 4.543}], 'summary': 'Encapsulation is a key factor in object-oriented programming, binding data and code and providing data hiding.', 'duration': 52.002, 'max_score': 1637.383, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1637383.jpg'}], 'start': 1427.472, 'title': 'Python oop concepts', 'summary': "Covers the use of inheritance and encapsulation in python, emphasizing the reduction of code dependency and the methods to bind data and code together, including the use of getter and setter methods and the 'at' project.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1596.077, 'start': 1427.472, 'title': 'Python class inheritance', 'summary': 'Explains the method resolution order in python class inheritance, demonstrating how the sequence of operations is followed and the inheritance of methods, with a focus on the init method and parameter passing.', 'duration': 168.605, 'highlights': ['It shows the method resolution order and how it follows the sequence of operations, including checking in the super class and then in the parent class for all objects, with the parent class being built-in dot objects.', 'The init method is found in the cars class and is inherited by all the classes used in the language, initializing itself.', 'It explains the process of defining and using the init method in the child class, including using the keyword super dot init to call the init function present in the super class and passing parameters.']}, {'end': 1719.027, 'start': 1596.077, 'title': 'Python oop concepts', 'summary': "Covers the use of inheritance and encapsulation in python, emphasizing the reduction of code dependency and the methods to bind data and code together, including the use of getter and setter methods and the 'at' project.", 'duration': 122.95, 'highlights': ['Inheritance allows reducing code dependency and is a major aspect of object-oriented programming systems. Inheritance in Python is used to reduce code dependency, which is a major aspect of object-oriented programming systems.', "Encapsulation binds data and code, providing control over data visibility and can be achieved through getter and setter methods or using 'at' project. Encapsulation in Python binds data and code, providing control over data visibility and can be achieved through getter and setter methods or using 'at' project.", 'Continuous price increase and dependency on variables like model year necessitate regular updating, posing potential issues. Continuous price increase and dependency on variables like model year necessitate regular updating, posing potential issues.']}], 'duration': 291.555, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1427472.jpg', 'highlights': ['Inheritance in Python reduces code dependency, a major aspect of object-oriented programming systems.', "Encapsulation in Python binds data and code, providing control over data visibility through getter and setter methods or using 'at' project.", 'The method resolution order in Python follows the sequence of operations, checking in the super class and then in the parent class for all objects.']}, {'end': 1967.479, 'segs': [{'end': 1743.84, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1719.527, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1726.593, 'text': "Through getter setter method, I can ensure that this is going to be implemented every time there's going to be a change as well.", 'start': 1719.527, 'duration': 7.066}, {'end': 1734.236, 'text': 'apart from that, one of the major concepts with respect to object oriented programming is abstraction.', 'start': 1727.353, 'duration': 6.883}, {'end': 1736.317, 'text': 'now, with respect to abstraction,', 'start': 1734.236, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 1743.84, 'text': 'what basically it means is that it hides the implementation details and only provides the functionalities to the user.', 'start': 1736.317, 'duration': 7.523}], 'summary': 'Using getter and setter methods ensures implementation on every change. abstraction in oop hides details and provides functionalities to the user.', 'duration': 24.313, 'max_score': 1719.527, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1719527.jpg'}, {'end': 1960.871, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1790.32, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1794.444, 'text': 'is that an abstract class cannot have an object of itself.', 'start': 1790.32, 'duration': 4.124}, {'end': 1801.09, 'text': 'you need to inherit the abstract class and you need to create an object of that abstract class as well.', 'start': 1794.444, 'duration': 6.646}, {'end': 1804.032, 'text': 'now let me go back to the same example.', 'start': 1801.09, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 1805.912, 'text': "Let's change it here.", 'start': 1805.111, 'duration': 0.801}, {'end': 1811.115, 'text': "Okay, now what I'll do is that I'm going to add a few additional lines of code.", 'start': 1806.552, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 1814.957, 'text': 'Okay, let me just copy the here.', 'start': 1811.215, 'duration': 3.742}, {'end': 1832.687, 'text': "Let's say I'm going to say from ABC ABC and create abstract method.", 'start': 1815.237, 'duration': 17.45}, {'end': 1853.267, 'text': "Now, what I'm going to say is that my car class ABC is also inheriting this abstract.", 'start': 1837.46, 'duration': 15.807}, {'end': 1863.651, 'text': "Now, I'm going to remove all this and here I'm going to make this an abstract method wherein I'm not going to define the logic here.", 'start': 1853.607, 'duration': 10.044}, {'end': 1887.232, 'text': "okay for now, what I'll just do is that I'll call it okay and in my superclass what I'll do is that I'm going to create the same function,", 'start': 1865.37, 'duration': 21.862}, {'end': 1901.897, 'text': "but here I'm not going to define any logic.", 'start': 1899.537, 'duration': 2.36}, {'end': 1916.05, 'text': "okay. so what I'm basically doing is that in my abstract class, I'm defining the method to increase the price, but based on my requirement.", 'start': 1908.427, 'duration': 7.623}, {'end': 1920.732, 'text': "now let's say I don't want my supercars to have an increase of just 1.15.", 'start': 1916.05, 'duration': 4.682}, {'end': 1923.613, 'text': "so what I'm going to do is that I'm going to increase this.", 'start': 1920.732, 'duration': 2.881}, {'end': 1926.854, 'text': "let's say, the annual increase is going to be 2%.", 'start': 1923.613, 'duration': 3.241}, {'end': 1932.557, 'text': 'so this is one of the major uses through which I can perform, or I can use abstract classes.', 'start': 1926.854, 'duration': 5.703}, {'end': 1938.882, 'text': 'I can just define the basic logic which is needed to be implemented in all the classes going ahead,', 'start': 1933.018, 'duration': 5.864}, {'end': 1944.826, 'text': 'and then what I can do is that I can implement or variate these functions as per my requirement.', 'start': 1938.882, 'duration': 5.944}, {'end': 1949.109, 'text': 'Now with this, let me go back to our slide and let me just summarize.', 'start': 1945.967, 'duration': 3.142}, {'end': 1951.111, 'text': 'So we started with classes and objects.', 'start': 1949.189, 'duration': 1.922}, {'end': 1960.871, 'text': 'We talked about classes in python and then we talked about the various object oriented programming concepts in python.', 'start': 1952.732, 'duration': 8.139}], 'summary': 'Abstract classes define basic logic for inheritance and variation in python, one major use is to implement or variate functions as needed, and we discussed classes and objects in python as well as various object-oriented programming concepts.', 'duration': 170.551, 'max_score': 1790.32, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1790320.jpg'}], 'start': 1719.527, 'title': 'Oop concepts and abstract classes', 'summary': 'Covers the implementation of getter setter methods, abstraction in oop, inheriting abstract classes, and the use of abstract classes in python, with a use case demonstrating a 2% annual increase in supercar prices.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1790.32, 'start': 1719.527, 'title': 'Getter setter and abstraction in oop', 'summary': 'Discusses the implementation of getter setter methods and the concept of abstraction in object oriented programming, emphasizing on hiding implementation details and providing functionalities to the user, illustrated through the example of driving a car.', 'duration': 70.793, 'highlights': ['Abstraction in object oriented programming hides implementation details and only provides functionalities to the user, allowing users to interact without needing to understand internal processes.', 'Getter setter methods ensure implementation on every change, emphasizing the importance of encapsulation and modularity in OOP.', 'Abstract classes in OOP allow achieving abstraction, providing a way to define a blueprint for other classes to follow, contributing to code reusability and maintaining a clear structure.']}, {'end': 1863.651, 'start': 1790.32, 'title': 'Abstract class inheritance', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of inheriting abstract classes, where an abstract class cannot have an object of itself, and demonstrates the process of inheriting an abstract class and creating an abstract method.', 'duration': 73.331, 'highlights': ['Inheriting an abstract class and creating an abstract method is demonstrated, indicating the process of inheritance and the creation of an abstract method.', 'An abstract class cannot have an object of itself, highlighting a fundamental restriction of abstract classes.']}, {'end': 1967.479, 'start': 1865.37, 'title': 'Abstract class and object-oriented programming in python', 'summary': 'Discusses the use of abstract classes in python to define basic logic and implement or variate functions as per requirement, with a major use case being an annual increase of 2% in supercar prices.', 'duration': 102.109, 'highlights': ['The major use case of abstract classes in Python is to define basic logic and implement or variate functions as per requirement, with a practical example being the annual increase of 2% in supercar prices.', 'Abstract classes allow for defining the method to increase the price based on specific requirements, such as setting an annual increase of 2% for supercars.', 'The chapter covers classes and objects in Python, along with various object-oriented programming concepts.', 'Using abstract classes, the basic logic needed to be implemented in all classes can be defined, and functions can be variated as per specific requirements.']}], 'duration': 247.952, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/SRu1GAfr3LA/pics/SRu1GAfr3LA1719527.jpg', 'highlights': ['Abstract classes in OOP provide a way to define a blueprint for other classes to follow, contributing to code reusability and maintaining a clear structure.', 'Getter setter methods ensure implementation on every change, emphasizing the importance of encapsulation and modularity in OOP.', 'Abstraction in object oriented programming hides implementation details and only provides functionalities to the user, allowing users to interact without needing to understand internal processes.', 'The major use case of abstract classes in Python is to define basic logic and implement or variate functions as per requirement, with a practical example being the annual increase of 2% in supercar prices.', 'Using abstract classes, the basic logic needed to be implemented in all classes can be defined, and functions can be variated as per specific requirements.', 'Inheriting an abstract class and creating an abstract method is demonstrated, indicating the process of inheritance and the creation of an abstract method.', 'Abstract classes allow for defining the method to increase the price based on specific requirements, such as setting an annual increase of 2% for supercars.', 'The chapter covers classes and objects in Python, along with various object-oriented programming concepts.', 'An abstract class cannot have an object of itself, highlighting a fundamental restriction of abstract classes.']}], 'highlights': ["The function price_increase is created to update the value of the car's price using the self keyword, ensuring optimization of class capability.", 'The price increase function utilizes a simple computation to raise the price by 15% annually, demonstrating practical application of Python programming for financial modeling.', 'The chapter emphasizes the significance of correct syntax by debugging a class definition error caused by a missed semicolon, highlighting the importance of attention to detail in coding.', 'The use of constructors in Python eliminates the need for redundant code, allowing for the generalization of requirements and ensuring consistent output for multiple instances.', "The chapter provides a step-by-step explanation of creating a Python class named 'cars', defining objects 'Honda' and 'Tata', and assigning instance variables such as model name, year of manufacture, and price.", 'The chapter covers the basic function operations in Python and then proceeds to discuss the concepts of inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction, providing a comprehensive overview of object-oriented programming in Python.', 'Abstract classes in OOP provide a way to define a blueprint for other classes to follow, contributing to code reusability and maintaining a clear structure.']}