title
PHP Programming Language Tutorial - Full Course

description
Learn the PHP programming language in this full course / tutorial. The course is designed for new programmers, and will introduce common programming topics using the PHP language. ⭐️Course Contents ⭐️ ⌨️ 1. (0:00) Introduction ⌨️ 2. (1:56) Windows Installation ⌨️ 3. (7:32) Choosing a Text Editor ⌨️ 4. (11:06) Hello World & Setup ⌨️ 5. (20:29) Writing HTML ⌨️ 6. (27:30) Variables ⌨️ 7. (38:09) Data Types ⌨️ 8. (44:27) Working With Strings ⌨️ 9. (54:50) Working With Numbers ⌨️ 10. (1:05:14) Getting User Input ⌨️ 11. (1:15:37) Building a Basic Calculator ⌨️ 12. (1:22:13) Building a Mad Libs Game ⌨️ 13. (1:28:59) URL Parameters ⌨️ 14. (1:35:52) POST vs GET ⌨️ 15. (1:41:44) Arrays ⌨️ 16. (1:50:26) Using Checkboxes ⌨️ 17. (1:57:22) Associative Arrays ⌨️ 18. (2:04:55) Functions ⌨️ 19. (2:12:10) Return Statements ⌨️ 20. (2:19:10) If Statements ⌨️ 21. (2:37:16) If Statements (con't) ⌨️ 22. (2:47:13) Building a Better Calculator ⌨️ 23. (2:56:53) Switch Statements ⌨️ 24. (3:05:09) While Loops ⌨️ 25. (3:15:18) For Loops ⌨️ 26. (3:26:24) Comments ⌨️ 27. (3:31:08) Including HTML ⌨️ 28. (3:36:51) Include: PHP ⌨️ 29. (3:45:57) Classes & Objects ⌨️ 30. (3:56:23) Constructors ⌨️ 31. (4:06:18) Object Functions - PHP - Tutorial 31 ⌨️ 32. (4:13:52) Getters & Setters ⌨️ 33. (4:29:17) Inheritance Course developed by Mike Dane. Check out his YouTube channel for more great programming courses: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmINlrza7JHB1zkIOuXEbw 🐦Follow Mike on Twitter: https://twitter.com/GiraffeAcademy 🔗The Giraffe Academy website: http://www.giraffeacademy.com/ -- Learn to code for free and get a developer job: https://www.freecodecamp.org Read hundreds of articles on programming: https://medium.freecodecamp.org

detail
{'title': 'PHP Programming Language Tutorial - Full Course', 'heatmap': [{'end': 1001.729, 'start': 829.076, 'weight': 0.78}, {'end': 1328.145, 'start': 1158.257, 'weight': 0.736}, {'end': 4483.611, 'start': 4312.542, 'weight': 0.761}, {'end': 7473.848, 'start': 7298.215, 'weight': 0.88}], 'summary': 'This php programming tutorial covers php basics, variable usage, data types, string manipulation, math functions, user input handling, building games, using arrays and functions, if and switch statements, loop structures, syntax, classes, objects, constructors, functions, and inheritance, providing comprehensive knowledge for php programming with practical examples and demonstrations.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1648.151, 'segs': [{'end': 50.679, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 20.646, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 24.708, 'text': 'PHP is great because it integrates super well with HTML.', 'start': 20.646, 'duration': 4.062}, {'end': 29.81, 'text': 'So you can actually write your PHP code right along with HTML and the work together perfectly.', 'start': 24.748, 'duration': 5.062}, {'end': 37.994, 'text': 'There are millions of websites and web applications that are currently online which use PHP and rely on PHP on the back end.', 'start': 29.99, 'duration': 8.004}, {'end': 41.795, 'text': 'And PHP is what we would call a server side language.', 'start': 38.434, 'duration': 3.361}, {'end': 50.679, 'text': "So it's basically a language that's going to sit on the web server and it'll be able to interact with the client and do different things in order to make your website more powerful.", 'start': 42.196, 'duration': 8.483}], 'summary': 'Php integrates seamlessly with html, used in millions of websites as a server-side language.', 'duration': 30.033, 'max_score': 20.646, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c20646.jpg'}, {'end': 84.658, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 57.122, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 61.163, 'text': "getting everything set up, we'll look at creating your first PHP file.", 'start': 57.122, 'duration': 4.041}, {'end': 64.965, 'text': "And we'll talk about like how PHP can interact with HTML.", 'start': 61.543, 'duration': 3.422}, {'end': 66.926, 'text': "And then we're going to get a little bit more advanced.", 'start': 65.345, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 71.589, 'text': "we'll talk about how we can use PHP to get input from a HTML form.", 'start': 66.926, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 77.073, 'text': "we'll look at how PHP can be used in combination with HTML to make our websites more powerful.", 'start': 71.589, 'duration': 5.484}, {'end': 84.658, 'text': "And then we're going to look at just some general programming concepts, things like if statements and for loops and arrays and data structures.", 'start': 77.513, 'duration': 7.145}], 'summary': 'Introduction to php, html interaction, form input, and general programming concepts.', 'duration': 27.536, 'max_score': 57.122, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c57122.jpg'}, {'end': 146.113, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 119.235, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 124.158, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm gonna show you guys how to install and set up PHP on Windows.", 'start': 119.235, 'duration': 4.923}, {'end': 126.86, 'text': 'So PHP is actually pretty easy to set up.', 'start': 124.658, 'duration': 2.202}, {'end': 133.063, 'text': "we basically just have to download a few files and we're actually gonna have to modify something in our Windows computer,", 'start': 126.86, 'duration': 6.203}, {'end': 136.105, 'text': 'and then we should be able to have everything set up and ready to go.', 'start': 133.063, 'duration': 3.042}, {'end': 137.326, 'text': "So I'm gonna show you guys how to do that.", 'start': 136.125, 'duration': 1.201}, {'end': 141.989, 'text': "And the first thing we want to do is just head over to our browser, we're going to go ahead and download something.", 'start': 138.086, 'duration': 3.903}, {'end': 146.113, 'text': "and I'm actually over here on this website, it's called php.net.", 'start': 142.589, 'duration': 3.524}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on installing php on windows, easy setup process with downloading files and modifications, using php.net website.', 'duration': 26.878, 'max_score': 119.235, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c119235.jpg'}, {'end': 1001.729, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 829.076, 'weight': 0.78, 'content': [{'end': 835.082, 'text': "And you'll see over here basically just says PHP 7.1 point 11 development server started.", 'start': 829.076, 'duration': 6.006}, {'end': 837.044, 'text': 'So this is like a little web server that we can use.', 'start': 835.122, 'duration': 1.922}, {'end': 842.691, 'text': "And you'll see over here it says listening on HTTP localhost 4000.", 'start': 837.745, 'duration': 4.946}, {'end': 848.659, 'text': "So localhost is it's essentially just like the web address of your local computer.", 'start': 842.691, 'duration': 5.968}, {'end': 853.344, 'text': 'And this basically just means that we have a web server running on our local machine.', 'start': 848.679, 'duration': 4.665}, {'end': 856.247, 'text': "and it's running on port 4000.", 'start': 854.025, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 862.912, 'text': "And then down here, you'll see it says document root is C backslash users backslash Mike D.", 'start': 856.247, 'duration': 6.665}, {'end': 868.517, 'text': "Now if you're on OS X, this might be different, it's probably still going to be like users and then your username.", 'start': 862.912, 'duration': 5.605}, {'end': 875.042, 'text': "So that's basically where PHP is going to start looking for files that we're going to run.", 'start': 869.097, 'duration': 5.945}, {'end': 878.324, 'text': 'So now that we have our server setup, you want to just leave this running.', 'start': 875.122, 'duration': 3.202}, {'end': 882.908, 'text': "So don't exit out of this window, I'm just going to minimize it, but make sure that you don't exit out of it.", 'start': 878.404, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 889.392, 'text': "And what I'm going to do is I'm going to come down here in my file explorer, and I'm going to go to that document route.", 'start': 883.548, 'duration': 5.844}, {'end': 892.975, 'text': 'So if you remember, it was users, and then my username.', 'start': 889.433, 'duration': 3.542}, {'end': 894.596, 'text': "So I'm just going to go down here.", 'start': 893.315, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 898.239, 'text': "And we'll go to users and then Mike D.", 'start': 895.777, 'duration': 2.462}, {'end': 900.781, 'text': 'So this is where that document route was.', 'start': 898.239, 'duration': 2.542}, {'end': 904.924, 'text': 'In other words, this is where PHP is going to start looking for files.', 'start': 900.821, 'duration': 4.103}, {'end': 906.304, 'text': 'that we want to run.', 'start': 905.464, 'duration': 0.84}, {'end': 909.686, 'text': "So what I'm going to do is I'm actually just going to create a new folder here.", 'start': 906.664, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 911.026, 'text': "So I'm just going to click New Folder.", 'start': 909.726, 'duration': 1.3}, {'end': 915.068, 'text': "And I'm just going to call this folder, www.", 'start': 911.706, 'duration': 3.362}, {'end': 919.71, 'text': 'So www is just going to stand for like our website, you can name it whatever you want.', 'start': 915.128, 'duration': 4.582}, {'end': 921.59, 'text': "But I'm just going to name mine www.", 'start': 919.93, 'duration': 1.66}, {'end': 927.873, 'text': 'And now what I want to do once I have this www folder created is I want to create a PHP file.', 'start': 921.99, 'duration': 5.883}, {'end': 930.914, 'text': "And to do that, I'm actually going to open up my text editor.", 'start': 928.353, 'duration': 2.561}, {'end': 936.939, 'text': "So over here, I'm going to open up Adam, which is the text editor that we installed in the last tutorial.", 'start': 930.934, 'duration': 6.005}, {'end': 943.105, 'text': "And if you're not using Adam, then you can just use whatever text editor that you want doesn't really matter.", 'start': 937.86, 'duration': 5.245}, {'end': 947.629, 'text': "And in here, I'm basically going to import this folder.", 'start': 943.425, 'duration': 4.204}, {'end': 955.717, 'text': "So I'm just going to come up and say file, and I'm going to say add project folder, And now we're just going to go to users Mike D.", 'start': 947.649, 'duration': 8.068}, {'end': 958.44, 'text': "And then we're going to add this WWW folder.", 'start': 955.717, 'duration': 2.723}, {'end': 961.924, 'text': "And this is basically just going to let me see it while we're developing.", 'start': 958.48, 'duration': 3.444}, {'end': 963.085, 'text': "So I'm going to click Select folder.", 'start': 961.944, 'duration': 1.141}, {'end': 967.911, 'text': 'So now we have WWW over here in our little navigation window.', 'start': 963.466, 'duration': 4.445}, {'end': 972.476, 'text': "And I'm going to right click and I'm going to click New File and we want to create a PHP file.", 'start': 968.351, 'duration': 4.125}, {'end': 977.877, 'text': "so I'm just going to create a php file, and I'm just going to call it site dot php.", 'start': 972.976, 'duration': 4.901}, {'end': 979.798, 'text': 'And you can name this whatever you want.', 'start': 978.518, 'duration': 1.28}, {'end': 981.178, 'text': "doesn't matter what you name it, I'm gonna get.", 'start': 979.798, 'duration': 1.38}, {'end': 985.199, 'text': "I'm gonna name this site and you need to have this dot php extension.", 'start': 981.178, 'duration': 4.021}, {'end': 986.48, 'text': "So I'm going to click enter.", 'start': 985.239, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 990.661, 'text': 'And this file is going to go ahead and get created for us.', 'start': 987.16, 'duration': 3.501}, {'end': 994.944, 'text': 'So once we have this file open, now we can start writing some code.', 'start': 991.021, 'duration': 3.923}, {'end': 1001.729, 'text': "And here's the thing about PHP is PHP is very tightly coupled with a language called HTML.", 'start': 995.284, 'duration': 6.445}], 'summary': 'Setting up a php development server on localhost with document root, creating a www folder, and a php file named site.php.', 'duration': 172.653, 'max_score': 829.076, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c829076.jpg'}, {'end': 882.908, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 856.247, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 862.912, 'text': "And then down here, you'll see it says document root is C backslash users backslash Mike D.", 'start': 856.247, 'duration': 6.665}, {'end': 868.517, 'text': "Now if you're on OS X, this might be different, it's probably still going to be like users and then your username.", 'start': 862.912, 'duration': 5.605}, {'end': 875.042, 'text': "So that's basically where PHP is going to start looking for files that we're going to run.", 'start': 869.097, 'duration': 5.945}, {'end': 878.324, 'text': 'So now that we have our server setup, you want to just leave this running.', 'start': 875.122, 'duration': 3.202}, {'end': 882.908, 'text': "So don't exit out of this window, I'm just going to minimize it, but make sure that you don't exit out of it.", 'start': 878.404, 'duration': 4.504}], 'summary': 'Php server setup with document root at c:\\users\\mike d. or similar on os x.', 'duration': 26.661, 'max_score': 856.247, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c856247.jpg'}, {'end': 1328.145, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1158.257, 'weight': 0.736, 'content': [{'end': 1163.842, 'text': "and in here I'm going to make an open and close quotation marks and I'm just going to type out hello world.", 'start': 1158.257, 'duration': 5.585}, {'end': 1169.107, 'text': "so I'm saying echo, hello world, and this is actually a php instruction,", 'start': 1164.022, 'duration': 5.085}, {'end': 1172.591, 'text': "and what this is going to do is it's going to print something out onto the screen.", 'start': 1169.107, 'duration': 3.484}, {'end': 1177.575, 'text': 'so what we can do now is we can save this file and remember,', 'start': 1173.051, 'duration': 4.524}, {'end': 1187.409, 'text': "over here I still have my php server running and it's saying document route is users mike d, and it has this address up here localhost four thousand.", 'start': 1177.575, 'duration': 9.834}, {'end': 1191.992, 'text': "I'm going to go ahead and copy this and we're going to put this into our web browser.", 'start': 1187.409, 'duration': 4.583}, {'end': 1193.753, 'text': "so I'm going to open up my web browser.", 'start': 1191.992, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 1201.398, 'text': "in my case I just have google chrome and over here in the address bar I'm going to put in localhost four thousand.", 'start': 1193.753, 'duration': 7.645}, {'end': 1209.464, 'text': "now, when we click enter, you'll notice that it says not found, and that's because there's no php files here at the root directory.", 'start': 1201.398, 'duration': 8.066}, {'end': 1215.105, 'text': 'but if you remember, we stored our php file in that w w w folder.', 'start': 1209.944, 'duration': 5.161}, {'end': 1222.267, 'text': "so I can just make a forward slash, w w w, and then I can say forward slash and I'm going to type in the name of the php file.", 'start': 1215.105, 'duration': 7.162}, {'end': 1224.528, 'text': 'so it was site dot php.', 'start': 1222.267, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 1232.27, 'text': "and so now we're navigating to the folder where we're storing all of our files and then I'm typing in the file name and I want to click enter.", 'start': 1224.528, 'duration': 7.742}, {'end': 1234.171, 'text': 'it should bring us over here to this page.', 'start': 1232.27, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 1240.055, 'text': "And you'll see when I go to site dot PHP, it's printing out onto the screen, hello world.", 'start': 1234.351, 'duration': 5.704}, {'end': 1249.621, 'text': "So basically, we have successfully run our first PHP program, we have everything set up, and we're ready to start working some more.", 'start': 1240.535, 'duration': 9.086}, {'end': 1262.502, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm gonna show you guys how you can use the echo command in PHP to write HTML from inside of your PHP code.", 'start': 1253.732, 'duration': 8.77}, {'end': 1263.523, 'text': 'So this is gonna be kind of cool.', 'start': 1262.522, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 1268.889, 'text': 'And in the last tutorial, I showed you guys this very basic PHP command called echo.', 'start': 1264.083, 'duration': 4.806}, {'end': 1275.994, 'text': 'we basically just typed out echo and open and close parentheses and open and close quotation mark and then we typed out hello world.', 'start': 1269.449, 'duration': 6.545}, {'end': 1279.536, 'text': 'and then finally we ended this off with a semi colon.', 'start': 1276.414, 'duration': 3.122}, {'end': 1285.74, 'text': 'and when I was when I went over here and refresh my browser we saw that hello world showed up over here.', 'start': 1280.016, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 1289.463, 'text': "and that's kind of just like a super basic line of code.", 'start': 1286.361, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 1293.406, 'text': "so I'm going to actually show you guys sort of what this does and we're going to break it down.", 'start': 1289.463, 'duration': 3.943}, {'end': 1302.079, 'text': 'so echo is basically a command in php which allows us to write information out onto the HTML document.', 'start': 1293.406, 'duration': 8.673}, {'end': 1311.262, 'text': "So if I was to come over here, and I viewed the page source of this HTML document, you'll see over here that we're actually printing out Hello world.", 'start': 1302.559, 'duration': 8.703}, {'end': 1321.377, 'text': 'inside of the actual document so when I came over here and I said echo hello world, this line of text got printed out inside of our HTML file.', 'start': 1311.966, 'duration': 9.411}, {'end': 1328.145, 'text': "And that's basically what that echo command does is it allows us to write HTML out to our HTML files.", 'start': 1321.497, 'duration': 6.648}], 'summary': 'Successfully ran first php program, using echo to write html.', 'duration': 169.888, 'max_score': 1158.257, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c1158257.jpg'}, {'end': 1321.377, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1289.463, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1293.406, 'text': "so I'm going to actually show you guys sort of what this does and we're going to break it down.", 'start': 1289.463, 'duration': 3.943}, {'end': 1302.079, 'text': 'so echo is basically a command in php which allows us to write information out onto the HTML document.', 'start': 1293.406, 'duration': 8.673}, {'end': 1311.262, 'text': "So if I was to come over here, and I viewed the page source of this HTML document, you'll see over here that we're actually printing out Hello world.", 'start': 1302.559, 'duration': 8.703}, {'end': 1321.377, 'text': 'inside of the actual document so when I came over here and I said echo hello world, this line of text got printed out inside of our HTML file.', 'start': 1311.966, 'duration': 9.411}], 'summary': "Echo command in php prints 'hello world' in html document.", 'duration': 31.914, 'max_score': 1289.463, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c1289463.jpg'}], 'start': 0.089, 'title': 'Php basics and server set up', 'summary': 'Covers php basics, installation, and server set up on windows, including integrating php with html, configuring the windows path variable, setting up a php server, and using the echo command to write html.', 'chapters': [{'end': 196.185, 'start': 0.089, 'title': 'Php basics: installation and set up', 'summary': 'Introduces the basics of php, including its integration with html, usage on the web, and general programming concepts, with a focus on installation and set up on windows.', 'duration': 196.096, 'highlights': ['PHP is a great language for web development, with millions of websites and web applications currently using it.', 'PHP integrates well with HTML, allowing code to be written alongside HTML for seamless functionality.', 'The chapter covers the basics of PHP, including installation, setting up, creating the first PHP file, interacting with HTML, and using PHP with HTML to make websites more powerful.']}, {'end': 856.247, 'start': 196.205, 'title': 'Setting up php and configuring windows path variable', 'summary': 'Explains how to download and extract php files, configure the windows path variable, and check the php installation, highlighting the steps to extract and store php files, configure the path variable, and verify the php installation by checking the path variable and running php -v command.', 'duration': 660.042, 'highlights': ["The chapter explains how to verify the PHP installation by checking the path variable and running PHP -V command, ensuring the correct configuration of the Windows path variable (path variable updated with the location of the extracted PHP files), and setting up a PHP server using the command 'PHP -S localhost:4000' to create a web server for running PHP files.", 'The tutorial demonstrates how to download and extract PHP files, configure the Windows path variable by updating the path variable with the location of the extracted PHP files, and verify the PHP installation by checking the path variable and running PHP -V command.', "The chapter details the process of downloading and extracting PHP files, configuring the Windows path variable by adding the location of the extracted PHP files to the path variable, and setting up a PHP server using the command 'PHP -S localhost:4000' to create a web server for running PHP files."]}, {'end': 1365.455, 'start': 856.247, 'title': 'Setting up php server and writing first php program', 'summary': 'Explains setting up a php server, creating a document root, creating and running a php file, and using the echo command to write html from inside php, culminating in successfully running the first php program.', 'duration': 509.208, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains setting up a PHP server and creating a document root where PHP will start looking for files to run.', 'It details the process of creating a www folder as the document root and creating a site.php file within it, demonstrating the setup of a basic PHP file.', 'The tutorial provides an overview of using the echo command in PHP to write HTML from inside PHP code, showcasing the basic echo command and its role in printing HTML onto the HTML file.']}, {'end': 1648.151, 'start': 1365.835, 'title': 'Introduction to php echo command', 'summary': 'Demonstrates the usage of the echo command in php to output html content, emphasizing the ability to render headers, paragraphs, and other html elements, and how the php code gets executed when a web page is requested or refreshed.', 'duration': 282.316, 'highlights': ['The echo command in PHP allows the rendering of HTML content, such as headers and paragraphs, emphasizing the flexibility to include any valid HTML within the command.', 'Explanation of the execution of PHP code when a web page is requested or refreshed, detailing the process of the web server serving the PHP page and executing the PHP code within it.', 'Demonstration of the order of execution of PHP instructions, illustrating how the order of code affects the output on the website.']}], 'duration': 1648.062, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c89.jpg', 'highlights': ['PHP integrates well with HTML, allowing code to be written alongside HTML for seamless functionality.', 'PHP is a great language for web development, with millions of websites and web applications currently using it.', 'The chapter covers the basics of PHP, including installation, setting up, creating the first PHP file, interacting with HTML, and using PHP with HTML to make websites more powerful.', "The tutorial demonstrates how to download and extract PHP files, configure the Windows path variable, and set up a PHP server using the command 'PHP -S localhost:4000' to create a web server for running PHP files.", 'The chapter explains setting up a PHP server and creating a document root where PHP will start looking for files to run.', 'The echo command in PHP allows the rendering of HTML content, such as headers and paragraphs, emphasizing the flexibility to include any valid HTML within the command.']}, {'end': 2541.559, 'segs': [{'end': 1693.89, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1652.358, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1656.199, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about variables in PHP.", 'start': 1652.358, 'duration': 3.841}, {'end': 1662.221, 'text': "A lot of times in our PHP programs, we're going to be dealing with all sorts of data and information.", 'start': 1656.879, 'duration': 5.342}, {'end': 1668.822, 'text': "And a lot of times we're going to want to be able to maintain and keep track of that data in our programs.", 'start': 1662.741, 'duration': 6.081}, {'end': 1672.243, 'text': 'And we can actually use variables in order to do that.', 'start': 1669.343, 'duration': 2.9}, {'end': 1676.965, 'text': "So in this tutorial, I'm going to show you guys the basics of working with variables and using variables.", 'start': 1672.323, 'duration': 4.642}, {'end': 1681.566, 'text': "And we're going to kind of get up to speed with what variables are.", 'start': 1677.625, 'duration': 3.941}, {'end': 1689.628, 'text': "so down here in my php tags, I have this very simple program set up and it's basically just echoing out a bunch of text onto the screen.", 'start': 1681.846, 'duration': 7.782}, {'end': 1692.109, 'text': "so it's saying that once was a man named george.", 'start': 1689.628, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 1693.89, 'text': 'he was seventy years old.', 'start': 1692.109, 'duration': 1.781}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on using variables in php for maintaining and tracking data.', 'duration': 41.532, 'max_score': 1652.358, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c1652358.jpg'}, {'end': 2162.901, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2139.043, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2146.948, 'text': "So now when I refresh my program, you'll see instead of using the name, john, it's using the name Tom, I can do the same thing for the age.", 'start': 2139.043, 'duration': 7.905}, {'end': 2150.21, 'text': "So why don't we make him 80 years old.", 'start': 2147.008, 'duration': 3.202}, {'end': 2155.415, 'text': 'And now Tom is going to be 80 years old over here in my program.', 'start': 2150.711, 'duration': 4.704}, {'end': 2162.901, 'text': 'So that is a really awesome way that we can maintain and keep track of the different pieces of information in our programs.', 'start': 2155.455, 'duration': 7.446}], 'summary': 'Program updated to use name tom and age 80, showcasing effective data management.', 'duration': 23.858, 'max_score': 2139.043, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c2139043.jpg'}, {'end': 2305.782, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2275.618, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2282.39, 'text': "And there's also some other different types of data that we can store and represent and work with in PHP.", 'start': 2275.618, 'duration': 6.772}, {'end': 2287.98, 'text': "And in the next tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys all about the different data types that we can represent in PHP.", 'start': 2282.43, 'duration': 5.55}, {'end': 2298.135, 'text': "in this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about data types in php php.", 'start': 2292.689, 'duration': 5.446}, {'end': 2305.782, 'text': "we're going to be working with all different types of information and as we go forward in the course and we start writing more and more complex programs,", 'start': 2298.135, 'duration': 7.647}], 'summary': 'The tutorial covers different data types and their representation in php.', 'duration': 30.164, 'max_score': 2275.618, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c2275618.jpg'}], 'start': 1652.358, 'title': 'Php variables and their usage', 'summary': "Covers the basics of php variables, highlighting their importance in maintaining and tracking data in programs. it includes a demonstration of a program using variables to display a story. additionally, it explains the efficient use of variables to update and manage data values, with a practical example of updating character's name and age. the concept of data types in php, including strings, integers, decimal numbers, and booleans, is also introduced.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1711.478, 'start': 1652.358, 'title': 'Php variables tutorial', 'summary': 'Introduces the basics of php variables, emphasizing the importance of using variables to maintain and keep track of data in php programs, and demonstrates a simple program that utilizes variables to echo out a story onto the screen.', 'duration': 59.12, 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the importance of using variables to maintain and keep track of data in PHP programs.', 'A simple program is demonstrated, echoing out a story onto the screen using variables.', 'The tutorial covers the basics of working with and using variables in PHP.']}, {'end': 2541.559, 'start': 1712.078, 'title': 'Using variables in php', 'summary': "Explains the concept of variables in php, demonstrating how to use them to efficiently update and manage data values, such as character's name and age, throughout the program, with a practical example of updating the character's name from 'john' to 'tom' and age from '35' to '80'. it also introduces the concept of data types in php, discussing strings, integers, decimal numbers, and booleans, and their usage in representing different types of information.", 'duration': 829.481, 'highlights': ['Introduced the concept of variables in PHP and demonstrated using them to efficiently update and manage data values throughout the program.', "Practical example of updating the character's name from 'John' to 'Tom' and age from '35' to '80', illustrating the ease of modifying the values of variables and their impact on the program.", 'Introduction to data types in PHP, covering strings, integers, decimal numbers, and Booleans, and their usage in representing different types of information.']}], 'duration': 889.201, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c1652358.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the importance of using variables to maintain and keep track of data in PHP programs.', 'Introduced the concept of variables in PHP and demonstrated using them to efficiently update and manage data values throughout the program.', 'A simple program is demonstrated, echoing out a story onto the screen using variables.', "Practical example of updating the character's name from 'John' to 'Tom' and age from '35' to '80', illustrating the ease of modifying the values of variables and their impact on the program.", 'Introduction to data types in PHP, covering strings, integers, decimal numbers, and Booleans, and their usage in representing different types of information.', 'The tutorial covers the basics of working with and using variables in PHP.']}, {'end': 3858.254, 'segs': [{'end': 2567.095, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2542.259, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2550.684, 'text': "So, anytime we have a Boolean variable or anytime you're representing a Boolean value, it can only be one of two things, either true or false.", 'start': 2542.259, 'duration': 8.425}, {'end': 2552.606, 'text': "it's like a binary data type.", 'start': 2550.684, 'duration': 1.922}, {'end': 2555.688, 'text': 'And this is going to come in handy a lot in PHP.', 'start': 2552.766, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 2559.47, 'text': "And we'll kind of get into, you know, how Booleans are useful more later in the course.", 'start': 2555.728, 'duration': 3.742}, {'end': 2563.593, 'text': 'But for now, just know that you can store a true or false value inside of a Boolean.', 'start': 2559.55, 'duration': 4.043}, {'end': 2567.095, 'text': "So there's one more data type, I guess it's kind of a data type.", 'start': 2564.033, 'duration': 3.062}], 'summary': 'Boolean variables in php can only store true or false values, similar to a binary data type.', 'duration': 24.836, 'max_score': 2542.259, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c2542259.jpg'}, {'end': 2631.796, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2602.871, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2606.593, 'text': "I'd say 99% of the time you're just going to be using these data types.", 'start': 2602.871, 'duration': 3.722}, {'end': 2611.195, 'text': "you're just going to be representing information in the form of text numbers or Booleans.", 'start': 2606.593, 'duration': 4.602}, {'end': 2616.458, 'text': 'And really with just this information you can, you know, essentially build any program that you want.', 'start': 2611.355, 'duration': 5.103}, {'end': 2622.141, 'text': "And also do just want to point out that, you know, we don't always have to store this information inside of variables.", 'start': 2616.898, 'duration': 5.243}, {'end': 2626.732, 'text': 'So if I was to come down here, I could just echo out like a string.', 'start': 2622.301, 'duration': 4.431}, {'end': 2631.796, 'text': "So I over here, I'm printing out a string onto the browser.", 'start': 2627.512, 'duration': 4.284}], 'summary': 'Using text, numbers, and booleans, you can build any program. data types are used 99% of the time.', 'duration': 28.925, 'max_score': 2602.871, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c2602871.jpg'}, {'end': 2797.86, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2769.549, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2774.254, 'text': 'which we can use to find out information about and modify our strings.', 'start': 2769.549, 'duration': 4.705}, {'end': 2781.256, 'text': 'So I could use one of these functions in order to do special things with the strings in my program.', 'start': 2774.734, 'duration': 6.522}, {'end': 2785.737, 'text': "And I'm gonna show you guys a couple of those string functions which we can use.", 'start': 2781.696, 'duration': 4.041}, {'end': 2790.758, 'text': "So down here in this little echo command, I'm going to go ahead and use one of these string functions.", 'start': 2786.177, 'duration': 4.581}, {'end': 2797.86, 'text': "And like I said, these are basically just like little snippets of code that we can call, and they'll do something to the string.", 'start': 2790.798, 'duration': 7.062}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating the use of string functions for modifying strings in a program.', 'duration': 28.311, 'max_score': 2769.549, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c2769549.jpg'}, {'end': 3272.505, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3244.589, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3248.09, 'text': 'So over here, we can get this little substring just ACA.', 'start': 3244.589, 'duration': 3.501}, {'end': 3251.512, 'text': 'And this little function can come in handy quite a bit.', 'start': 3248.69, 'duration': 2.822}, {'end': 3256.974, 'text': "So that's sort of just some basic string functions that you guys can use in PHP.", 'start': 3251.952, 'duration': 5.022}, {'end': 3259.216, 'text': "And to be honest with you, there's a lot more of these, you know.", 'start': 3257.055, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 3262.918, 'text': 'I could spend like a couple hours just going through each of the functions and what they do.', 'start': 3259.216, 'duration': 3.702}, {'end': 3272.505, 'text': 'But really what I wanted to do in this tutorial was just kind of expose you guys to what this stuff is and expose you to know some different ways that we can work with and modify strings.', 'start': 3263.498, 'duration': 9.007}], 'summary': 'Introduction to basic php string functions for substring extraction and modification.', 'duration': 27.916, 'max_score': 3244.589, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c3244589.jpg'}, {'end': 3328.127, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3302.372, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3307.153, 'text': "And a lot of times in our programs, we're going to be working with and doing different things with numbers.", 'start': 3302.372, 'duration': 4.781}, {'end': 3313.515, 'text': 'So I really just want to give you guys a full introduction into what we can do with numbers, how we can use them in PHP.', 'start': 3307.193, 'duration': 6.322}, {'end': 3319.859, 'text': "And I'm also going to show you guys some little cool math operations that php is going to allow us to do by default.", 'start': 3313.555, 'duration': 6.304}, {'end': 3320.74, 'text': "So it's gonna be pretty cool.", 'start': 3319.879, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 3325.304, 'text': "And down here in my PHP tags, I'll just sort of show you guys the bare basics.", 'start': 3321.321, 'duration': 3.983}, {'end': 3328.127, 'text': 'So I could basically just like if I wanted to, I could print out a number.', 'start': 3325.324, 'duration': 2.803}], 'summary': 'Introduction to working with numbers in php, including cool math operations.', 'duration': 25.755, 'max_score': 3302.372, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c3302372.jpg'}], 'start': 2542.259, 'title': 'Php data types, strings, and functions', 'summary': 'Covers php boolean and null data types, working with strings, string manipulation techniques, and introduces php string and number functions. it emphasizes the importance of understanding these basic data types and functions for a thorough php programming journey.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2602.871, 'start': 2542.259, 'title': 'Php data types overview', 'summary': 'Explains the boolean and null data types in php, highlighting their usage and significance in storing true or false values and denoting no value, which will be useful in upcoming php programming, and emphasizes the importance of understanding these basic data types for a thorough php journey.', 'duration': 60.612, 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding Boolean and null data types in PHP, which will be useful in upcoming PHP programming, and highlights their significance in storing true or false values and denoting no value.', 'The chapter explains that a Boolean variable or value can only be true or false, making it akin to a binary data type, which will be beneficial for PHP programming.', 'The chapter describes the null value in PHP, highlighting that it stands for no value and is often used to denote that something has no value, which will be a common occurrence in PHP programming.']}, {'end': 2805.923, 'start': 2602.871, 'title': 'Working with strings in php', 'summary': 'Explores the basics of different data types in php, emphasizing that 99% of the time, text, numbers, and booleans are used. it also delves into working with strings, highlighting the usage of strings and the ability to store them in variables, along with the introduction of string functions for information retrieval and modification.', 'duration': 203.052, 'highlights': ['Strings can be printed directly or stored in variables, allowing for easier management and manipulation of the string values.', 'Usage of string functions in PHP to obtain information about strings or modify them, showcasing the versatility of working with strings.', 'Emphasizing that 99% of the time, text, numbers, or Booleans are utilized as data types in PHP, indicating their fundamental role in programming.']}, {'end': 3144.144, 'start': 2806.483, 'title': 'String manipulation in php', 'summary': 'Covers string manipulation in php, including converting to uppercase and lowercase, finding string length, accessing specific characters by index, modifying individual characters, and replacing substrings within a string.', 'duration': 337.661, 'highlights': ['Converting string to uppercase or lowercase', 'Finding string length', 'Accessing specific characters by index', 'Modifying individual characters in a string', 'Replacing substrings within a string']}, {'end': 3858.254, 'start': 3144.625, 'title': 'Php string and number functions', 'summary': 'Introduces php string functions including substring function and string modification, followed by an in-depth overview of number manipulation, including arithmetic operations, variable utilization, and the usage of math functions for complex calculations.', 'duration': 713.629, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces PHP string functions including substring function and string modification', 'An in-depth overview of number manipulation, including arithmetic operations, variable utilization', 'Usage of math functions for complex calculations']}], 'duration': 1315.995, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c2542259.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding Boolean and null data types in PHP, which will be useful in upcoming PHP programming, and highlights their significance in storing true or false values and denoting no value.', 'Usage of string functions in PHP to obtain information about strings or modify them, showcasing the versatility of working with strings.', 'An in-depth overview of number manipulation, including arithmetic operations, variable utilization', 'Emphasizing that 99% of the time, text, numbers, or Booleans are utilized as data types in PHP, indicating their fundamental role in programming', 'The chapter introduces PHP string functions including substring function and string modification']}, {'end': 4921.545, 'segs': [{'end': 3933.835, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3858.835, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3862.9, 'text': "So that's just kind of like a couple of these different math functions that you can use.", 'start': 3858.835, 'duration': 4.065}, {'end': 3868.828, 'text': 'And to be honest with you, there are dozens and dozens of these math functions that are available in PHP.', 'start': 3863.421, 'duration': 5.407}, {'end': 3875.293, 'text': "I mean, there's all sorts of things to do things with like logarithms, and you can do stuff with like sine, cosine, tangent, all that stuff.", 'start': 3869.329, 'duration': 5.964}, {'end': 3878.695, 'text': "I'm not going to spend time going through every single one.", 'start': 3876.313, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 3884.778, 'text': "if you'd like to find more of these math functions, you can basically just go online and search PHP math functions.", 'start': 3878.695, 'duration': 6.083}, {'end': 3888.961, 'text': "there's a bunch of pages with you know, full explanations on how to use all of these guys.", 'start': 3884.778, 'duration': 4.183}, {'end': 3894.204, 'text': 'But I really just wanted to give you guys an introduction into kind of like all these different operations that you can use.', 'start': 3889.441, 'duration': 4.763}, {'end': 3897.465, 'text': 'and sort of like how you can go about using them.', 'start': 3894.944, 'duration': 2.521}, {'end': 3902.127, 'text': 'So hopefully you guys learned something, you know, obviously working with numbers is extremely important.', 'start': 3897.545, 'duration': 4.582}, {'end': 3907.049, 'text': "And numbers is probably the most common type of data that we're going to be working with in our programs.", 'start': 3902.167, 'duration': 4.882}, {'end': 3913.212, 'text': 'So you want to make sure that you have a sort of solid understanding of how numbers work, and how you can work with them.', 'start': 3907.169, 'duration': 6.043}, {'end': 3921.728, 'text': 'In this tutorial, I want to show you guys how to get input from users in PHP.', 'start': 3917.426, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 3927.271, 'text': "So a lot of times in our PHP programs, you know, we're going to be dealing with all sorts of information and data.", 'start': 3922.189, 'duration': 5.082}, {'end': 3933.835, 'text': "But a lot of times we're going to want to be able to get that information and that data from a user right.", 'start': 3927.712, 'duration': 6.123}], 'summary': 'Introduction to various math functions in php and importance of working with numbers.', 'duration': 75, 'max_score': 3858.835, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c3858835.jpg'}, {'end': 4021.473, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3998.133, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4005.819, 'text': 'So we can set up a form and then inside of that form we can put like text boxes or radio buttons, or, you know, submit buttons,', 'start': 3998.133, 'duration': 7.686}, {'end': 4012.985, 'text': 'really anything that we want and then the user is going to be able to interact with us and PHP will be able to get what the user enters.', 'start': 4005.819, 'duration': 7.166}, {'end': 4014.427, 'text': 'So this is going to be kind of cool.', 'start': 4013.186, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 4017.93, 'text': "And down here, I'm going to show you guys how we can set up a basic HTML form.", 'start': 4014.807, 'duration': 3.123}, {'end': 4021.473, 'text': "So I'm just going to come over here and we're just going to type out form.", 'start': 4018.49, 'duration': 2.983}], 'summary': 'Setting up a basic html form with interactive elements for user input, with php capturing the data.', 'duration': 23.34, 'max_score': 3998.133, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c3998133.jpg'}, {'end': 4483.611, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 4312.542, 'weight': 0.761, 'content': [{'end': 4318.626, 'text': "so this is basically going to get the information that got submitted And then I'm going to make an open and closed square bracket.", 'start': 4312.542, 'duration': 6.084}, {'end': 4325.31, 'text': "And inside of here, I'm going to make quotation marks, and I'm going to type out the name of the input that I want to grab.", 'start': 4319.247, 'duration': 6.063}, {'end': 4332.594, 'text': "So you'll notice over here, this input tag for the name, I gave it a name called name, right? So this was its name.", 'start': 4325.35, 'duration': 7.244}, {'end': 4334.895, 'text': 'down here, I can just type that in.', 'start': 4333.234, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 4341.78, 'text': "And basically what this is going to do now is it's going to print out the value that got submitted inside of that text box.", 'start': 4335.316, 'duration': 6.464}, {'end': 4347.164, 'text': "So if I was to come over here to my program, and I can come over here and just type in my name, so I'm just going to type in Mike.", 'start': 4341.9, 'duration': 5.264}, {'end': 4354.83, 'text': "Now when I click Submit, what's going to happen is the name that I submitted is going to get echoed out onto the page.", 'start': 4347.765, 'duration': 7.065}, {'end': 4356.251, 'text': "So let's click Submit.", 'start': 4355.35, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 4359.573, 'text': "And you'll see over here, it echoes out that value.", 'start': 4356.571, 'duration': 3.002}, {'end': 4361.055, 'text': 'So it echoes out Mike.', 'start': 4359.613, 'duration': 1.442}, {'end': 4364.777, 'text': 'And it was actually pretty easy, right? All we had to do was set up this form.', 'start': 4361.835, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 4369.401, 'text': 'And then down here, we said get and we passed in the name of the input tag.', 'start': 4365.138, 'duration': 4.263}, {'end': 4374.284, 'text': 'So I could make this whatever I wanted, I could change this to like username if I wanted.', 'start': 4369.761, 'duration': 4.523}, {'end': 4376.506, 'text': 'And then down here, I could change this to username.', 'start': 4374.324, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 4378.427, 'text': "And it's going to do the same thing.", 'start': 4377.266, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 4383.691, 'text': 'So that name is pretty arbitrary, like it can be whatever you want it to be, it just has to match.', 'start': 4378.487, 'duration': 5.204}, {'end': 4387.114, 'text': 'So the name over here has to match the name up there.', 'start': 4383.811, 'duration': 3.303}, {'end': 4395.32, 'text': "So that's basically how we can get input from the user, we set up our form, we allow the user to enter in in that text box.", 'start': 4387.834, 'duration': 7.486}, {'end': 4397.682, 'text': 'And then, when they click that Submit button,', 'start': 4395.66, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 4404.507, 'text': "essentially what happens is this field over here is going to get populated with the user's name and we'll be able to print it out.", 'start': 4397.682, 'duration': 6.825}, {'end': 4406.569, 'text': "So that's basically how this works.", 'start': 4404.667, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 4414.036, 'text': "And if I wanted, I could actually come over here and I could print out like, your name is, and then it'll print out their name.", 'start': 4406.609, 'duration': 7.427}, {'end': 4417.699, 'text': "So now it'll be like a little bit more of a explanation.", 'start': 4414.096, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 4421.223, 'text': "So you'll see down here now it says like your name is a DSF.", 'start': 4417.779, 'duration': 3.444}, {'end': 4426.542, 'text': "But if I actually typed in my name, like Mike, now it'll say your name is Mike.", 'start': 4421.898, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 4434.828, 'text': "So essentially, we're taking the information that we got from the form, and we're sort of like interweaving it into our HTML document, just like that.", 'start': 4426.722, 'duration': 8.106}, {'end': 4437.349, 'text': 'And you can really do this for as much information as you want.', 'start': 4435.028, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 4439.851, 'text': "So obviously, over here, we're just getting their name.", 'start': 4437.389, 'duration': 2.462}, {'end': 4442.433, 'text': 'But if I wanted, I could get another piece of information.', 'start': 4440.272, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 4445.595, 'text': "So I could say, like, let's ask them to enter in their age.", 'start': 4442.493, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 4448.938, 'text': "And actually, over here, we're going to put a break tag.", 'start': 4446.016, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 4457.5, 'text': 'so I could say like enter your age and then again we can just make another input and we can make this a number input,', 'start': 4451.516, 'duration': 5.984}, {'end': 4466.186, 'text': "because it's an age and I can call this age, and then we can sort of like close this off and then down here I can print out their name.", 'start': 4457.5, 'duration': 8.686}, {'end': 4475.632, 'text': "so I'm actually just going to copy this line up here and we can paste this down here, and I'm also going to put a break tag here and now,", 'start': 4466.186, 'duration': 9.446}, {'end': 4483.611, 'text': 'instead of saying your name is, I could say like your age is, and then over here we can just print out their age.', 'start': 4475.632, 'duration': 7.979}], 'summary': 'Demonstrates how to retrieve and display user input in html form. allows for customization of input fields and integration into the webpage.', 'duration': 171.069, 'max_score': 4312.542, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c4312542.jpg'}, {'end': 4575.398, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4549.269, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4553.751, 'text': 'And then our program will add those two numbers together and print out the results.', 'start': 4549.269, 'duration': 4.482}, {'end': 4555.191, 'text': "So it's gonna be a pretty simple calculator.", 'start': 4553.771, 'duration': 1.42}, {'end': 4560.592, 'text': 'But this should show you guys how we can get numbers from the user in PHP.', 'start': 4555.351, 'duration': 5.241}, {'end': 4563.433, 'text': 'But down here, I have a basic little program setup.', 'start': 4561.092, 'duration': 2.341}, {'end': 4569.555, 'text': 'And essentially, in my HTML, I just have a form And the action is set to site dot PHP.', 'start': 4563.493, 'duration': 6.062}, {'end': 4572.537, 'text': "And that's the name of the file that I'm currently on.", 'start': 4569.996, 'duration': 2.541}, {'end': 4575.398, 'text': 'And then over here, we have the method as get.', 'start': 4572.977, 'duration': 2.421}], 'summary': 'A simple calculator program in php demonstrates getting user input and adding numbers.', 'duration': 26.129, 'max_score': 4549.269, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c4549269.jpg'}, {'end': 4836.947, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4808.235, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 4813.298, 'text': "And essentially what this is doing is it's telling us what the values of those variables were.", 'start': 4808.235, 'duration': 5.063}, {'end': 4817.219, 'text': 'So with PHP, this can actually get added on to the URL.', 'start': 4813.638, 'duration': 3.581}, {'end': 4823.142, 'text': 'So if I was to change this up here in the URL, like if I change num two to like 50, and then I click Enter,', 'start': 4817.639, 'duration': 5.503}, {'end': 4827.584, 'text': 'this is actually going to change the information that gets entered in.', 'start': 4823.982, 'duration': 3.602}, {'end': 4836.947, 'text': 'So without having to type numbers inside of here, like without having to do anything, I was actually able to change what the answer was down here.', 'start': 4828.084, 'duration': 8.863}], 'summary': 'Php allows adding variables to the url, altering information without manual input.', 'duration': 28.712, 'max_score': 4808.235, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c4808235.jpg'}], 'start': 3858.835, 'title': 'Php math functions, user input, and web calculator', 'summary': 'Introduces php math functions, emphasizing the importance of understanding numbers in programming. it also explains getting user input in php through form setup and accessing submitted information, with an example of building a basic calculator. additionally, the chapter covers building a web calculator using html and php, focusing on adding two numbers and displaying the result, along with the impact of input values on the calculation.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3913.212, 'start': 3858.835, 'title': 'Introduction to php math functions', 'summary': 'Introduces various math functions available in php, highlighting the importance of understanding and working with numbers in programming, emphasizing the plethora of math functions and the significance of numbers in programming.', 'duration': 54.377, 'highlights': ['The importance of understanding and working with numbers in programming is emphasized, as numbers are the most common type of data used in programs.', 'The chapter introduces various math functions available in PHP, including logarithms, sine, cosine, and tangent, emphasizing the plethora of math functions available.', 'Information on where to find more PHP math functions is provided, encouraging readers to search online for full explanations on how to use these functions.']}, {'end': 4589.306, 'start': 3917.426, 'title': 'Getting user input in php', 'summary': 'Explains how to get input from users in php, demonstrating the setup of a form in html and accessing the submitted information in php, with an example of building a basic calculator in php.', 'duration': 671.88, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains how to set up a form in HTML to allow users to input information and pass it to PHP, demonstrating the use of form elements like text boxes and buttons.', "The chapter demonstrates how to access the submitted information from the form in PHP using the 'get' method and echoing out the user-input data, with an example of echoing the user's name and age.", 'The chapter presents an example of building a basic calculator in PHP, showcasing how to get numbers from the user and perform simple calculations.']}, {'end': 4921.545, 'start': 4590.166, 'title': 'Building a web calculator with php', 'summary': 'Explains the process of creating a web calculator using html for user input and php for processing, emphasizing the ability to add two numbers together and displaying the result, with a demonstration of how the url can reflect the input values and impact the calculation.', 'duration': 331.379, 'highlights': ['The tutorial explains the process of creating a web calculator using HTML and PHP, focusing on the user input of two numbers and the addition process.', 'The demonstration of adding two numbers together using PHP, with an example of entering 10 and 21 resulting in 31, showcases the functionality of the web calculator.', 'The explanation of how the URL can reflect the input values and impact the calculation, such as changing the values of num one and num two in the URL to alter the result without manual input, emphasizes a key concept in PHP.']}], 'duration': 1062.71, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c3858835.jpg', 'highlights': ['The importance of understanding and working with numbers in programming is emphasized, as numbers are the most common type of data used in programs.', 'The chapter introduces various math functions available in PHP, including logarithms, sine, cosine, and tangent, emphasizing the plethora of math functions available.', 'The chapter explains how to set up a form in HTML to allow users to input information and pass it to PHP, demonstrating the use of form elements like text boxes and buttons.', 'The tutorial explains the process of creating a web calculator using HTML and PHP, focusing on the user input of two numbers and the addition process.', "The chapter demonstrates how to access the submitted information from the form in PHP using the 'get' method and echoing out the user-input data, with an example of echoing the user's name and age.", 'The demonstration of adding two numbers together using PHP, with an example of entering 10 and 21 resulting in 31, showcases the functionality of the web calculator.', 'Information on where to find more PHP math functions is provided, encouraging readers to search online for full explanations on how to use these functions.', 'The explanation of how the URL can reflect the input values and impact the calculation, such as changing the values of num one and num two in the URL to alter the result without manual input, emphasizes a key concept in PHP.', 'The chapter presents an example of building a basic calculator in PHP, showcasing how to get numbers from the user and perform simple calculations.']}, {'end': 6095.67, 'segs': [{'end': 4968.751, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4941.962, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4947.404, 'text': "Now, if you're not familiar with Mad Libs, it's basically a game where you can enter in like a bunch of random words.", 'start': 4941.962, 'duration': 5.442}, {'end': 4951.946, 'text': "And then you'll take all those random words and kind of like sprinkle them in through a story.", 'start': 4947.804, 'duration': 4.142}, {'end': 4957.028, 'text': 'And usually because you entered in a bunch of random stuff, the story ends up being like pretty funny.', 'start': 4952.366, 'duration': 4.662}, {'end': 4962.07, 'text': 'Actually, the picture over here in my browser, See, this is kind of just like a basic Madlib.', 'start': 4957.728, 'duration': 4.342}, {'end': 4968.751, 'text': "Essentially, you're entering in different like parts of speech or different things like nouns or like a person or a place.", 'start': 4962.55, 'duration': 6.201}], 'summary': 'Mad libs is a game where random words create a funny story.', 'duration': 26.789, 'max_score': 4941.962, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c4941962.jpg'}, {'end': 5027.345, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4996.042, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4998.944, 'text': 'And we allowed the user to enter in some, you know, random stuff.', 'start': 4996.042, 'duration': 2.902}, {'end': 5003.927, 'text': 'So how about instead of saying roses are red, we let the user enter in a custom color.', 'start': 4999.284, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 5005.828, 'text': 'So this will just be like a color.', 'start': 5004.468, 'duration': 1.36}, {'end': 5011.072, 'text': "Instead of saying violets are blue, why don't we let them enter in their own plural noun.", 'start': 5006.409, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 5020.239, 'text': "So. and then, finally, instead of saying I love you, why don't we let them say I love, and then some celebrity?", 'start': 5011.332, 'duration': 8.907}, {'end': 5021.82, 'text': 'so I love celebrity.', 'start': 5020.239, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 5027.345, 'text': "so now, instead of saying roses are red, violets are blue, I love you, it's going to say roses are.", 'start': 5021.82, 'duration': 5.525}], 'summary': 'Allowing users to customize phrases with color, noun, and celebrity.', 'duration': 31.303, 'max_score': 4996.042, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c4996042.jpg'}, {'end': 5082.515, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5038.345, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5042.628, 'text': "And in order to do this, we're actually going to have to get information from the user.", 'start': 5038.345, 'duration': 4.283}, {'end': 5048.012, 'text': "So we're going to have to let the user enter in some words that they want to use in the story.", 'start': 5042.688, 'duration': 5.324}, {'end': 5050.473, 'text': 'So up here, I have this form already set up.', 'start': 5048.072, 'duration': 2.401}, {'end': 5055.217, 'text': "And it says action site dot PHP, this is the name of the PHP file that we're currently on.", 'start': 5051.034, 'duration': 4.183}, {'end': 5058.979, 'text': 'and it says method get, and then down here I have a submit button.', 'start': 5055.757, 'duration': 3.222}, {'end': 5061.301, 'text': 'So this is a very basic form outline.', 'start': 5058.999, 'duration': 2.302}, {'end': 5066.804, 'text': 'And inside of this form, we want to basically prompt the user to enter in some information.', 'start': 5061.321, 'duration': 5.483}, {'end': 5071.647, 'text': "So we're going to have them enter in a color, a plural noun and a celebrity.", 'start': 5066.884, 'duration': 4.763}, {'end': 5073.488, 'text': "So I'm just going to say color.", 'start': 5072.087, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 5076.85, 'text': "And then over here, we'll make an input tag.", 'start': 5074.689, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 5079.652, 'text': 'And type is going to be equal to text.', 'start': 5077.871, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 5082.515, 'text': "and we're going to give this a name.", 'start': 5081.193, 'duration': 1.322}], 'summary': 'Creating a form for user input: color, plural noun, and celebrity.', 'duration': 44.17, 'max_score': 5038.345, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c5038345.jpg'}, {'end': 5769.238, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5741.199, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 5744.52, 'text': "But for now, that's kind of been an explanation of those URL parameters.", 'start': 5741.199, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 5751.441, 'text': 'And those are extremely useful, like I said, for any information that you just kind of want to be publicly available.', 'start': 5745.32, 'duration': 6.121}, {'end': 5761.054, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about two different ways that we can get information from users.", 'start': 5755.771, 'duration': 5.283}, {'end': 5766.477, 'text': 'And basically, these are two form methods called get and post.', 'start': 5761.914, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 5769.238, 'text': "And I'm just going to talk about the difference between the two of them.", 'start': 5766.937, 'duration': 2.301}], 'summary': 'Explains the usefulness of url parameters and discusses two form methods, get and post.', 'duration': 28.039, 'max_score': 5741.199, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c5741199.jpg'}, {'end': 5995.068, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5968.09, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 5972.374, 'text': "And there's also, like a couple other, small differences, like when you use post,", 'start': 5968.09, 'duration': 4.284}, {'end': 5976.878, 'text': 'you can actually get potentially more information from the user than when you use get.', 'start': 5972.374, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 5981.481, 'text': "But the main difference is that when we use post, it's going to be more secure.", 'start': 5976.958, 'duration': 4.523}, {'end': 5985.864, 'text': "So that information isn't going to show up inside of the URL.", 'start': 5981.561, 'duration': 4.303}, {'end': 5986.845, 'text': 'So over here.', 'start': 5985.925, 'duration': 0.92}, {'end': 5989.506, 'text': 'if I was just to like refresh my page.', 'start': 5986.845, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 5995.068, 'text': "you'll see when I refresh my page, even though I have password equals to orange up here in the URL.", 'start': 5989.506, 'duration': 5.562}], 'summary': 'Using post method provides more security and prevents information from showing up in the url.', 'duration': 26.978, 'max_score': 5968.09, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c5968090.jpg'}], 'start': 4921.585, 'title': 'Building mad libs game in php', 'summary': 'Demonstrates building a mad libs game in php, allowing users to input words to create a customized story. it discusses creating a form to prompt user input for a color, plural noun, and a celebrity, and emphasizes the importance of secure data transfer.', 'chapters': [{'end': 5037.625, 'start': 4921.585, 'title': 'Building a mad libs game in php', 'summary': "Demonstrates how to build a mad libs game in php, allowing users to input different words to create a customized story, enhancing a classic poem by allowing user input for color, plural noun, and a celebrity's name.", 'duration': 116.04, 'highlights': ['The tutorial focuses on building a Mad Libs game in PHP, enabling users to input random words to create a funny story.', "The program allows users to input a custom color, plural noun, and a celebrity's name to modify a classic poem, enhancing user engagement.", 'The chapter emphasizes the process of taking user-input words and incorporating them into a predefined story, promoting interactive storytelling in PHP.']}, {'end': 5331.725, 'start': 5038.345, 'title': 'Creating a mad libs form', 'summary': "Discusses creating a basic form in php to prompt the user to enter a color, plural noun, and a celebrity, which then populates a story with the user's inputs, demonstrating the functionality of a mad libs game.", 'duration': 293.38, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses creating a basic form in PHP to prompt the user to enter a color, plural noun, and a celebrity.', "The form then populates a story with the user's inputs.", 'The demonstration showcases the functionality of a Mad Libs game.']}, {'end': 6095.67, 'start': 5332.305, 'title': 'Php url parameters and form methods', 'summary': 'Discusses url parameters in php, demonstrating how to use get method to pass values into php program and securely obtain user information using form methods get and post, emphasizing the importance of secure data transfer.', 'duration': 763.365, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses URL parameters in PHP, demonstrating how to use GET method to pass values into PHP program and securely obtain user information using form methods GET and POST, emphasizing the importance of secure data transfer.', 'Demonstrates how using GET method displays information in the URL, making it visible and easily modifiable, and explains the significance of using POST method to securely transfer sensitive information without displaying it in the URL.', 'Explains the potential security risks of using GET method for sensitive information and highlights the preference for using POST method for secure data transfer, providing insight into the decision-making process for choosing between the two form methods.']}], 'duration': 1174.085, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c4921585.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the process of taking user-input words and incorporating them into a predefined story, promoting interactive storytelling in PHP.', 'The chapter discusses URL parameters in PHP, demonstrating how to use GET method to pass values into PHP program and securely obtain user information using form methods GET and POST, emphasizing the importance of secure data transfer.', "The program allows users to input a custom color, plural noun, and a celebrity's name to modify a classic poem, enhancing user engagement.", 'The chapter discusses creating a basic form in PHP to prompt the user to enter a color, plural noun, and a celebrity.', 'Explains the potential security risks of using GET method for sensitive information and highlights the preference for using POST method for secure data transfer, providing insight into the decision-making process for choosing between the two form methods.', 'The demonstration showcases the functionality of a Mad Libs game.']}, {'end': 8330.888, 'segs': [{'end': 6397.915, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6368.235, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 6373.098, 'text': 'So all of the elements inside of this array are assigned index positions.', 'start': 6368.235, 'duration': 4.863}, {'end': 6379.661, 'text': 'And so all you have to do in order to access the specific element is put its index inside of these square brackets.', 'start': 6373.658, 'duration': 6.003}, {'end': 6384.363, 'text': "So if I want to access this first element here, I'm going to put a zero inside of here,", 'start': 6380.061, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 6389.466, 'text': 'because the first element in the array is at index position zero.', 'start': 6384.363, 'duration': 5.103}, {'end': 6397.915, 'text': "so now when I run my program over here, you'll see that we're printing out Kevin so we're printing out that first name inside of the array.", 'start': 6390.026, 'duration': 7.889}], 'summary': 'Access elements in an array using index positions. first element is at index position zero.', 'duration': 29.68, 'max_score': 6368.235, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c6368235.jpg'}, {'end': 6723.029, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6694.275, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 6699.698, 'text': "So I'm going to have like a little list of a bunch of fruits, and the user will be able to check which fruits they like.", 'start': 6694.275, 'duration': 5.423}, {'end': 6702.879, 'text': "And they'll be able to submit that information to us.", 'start': 6700.198, 'duration': 2.681}, {'end': 6703.96, 'text': "So it's gonna be pretty cool.", 'start': 6703.019, 'duration': 0.941}, {'end': 6708.882, 'text': "And it'll just kind of demonstrate how we can use checkboxes and how we can also use arrays.", 'start': 6704.38, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 6718.667, 'text': "So over here, right on top of this submit, I'm going to make another input, I'm just going to say input, the type is going to be equal to checkbox.", 'start': 6709.543, 'duration': 9.124}, {'end': 6723.029, 'text': 'So this is basically going to tell HTML that we want to create a checkbox.', 'start': 6718.787, 'duration': 4.242}], 'summary': 'Creating a list of fruits with checkboxes for user selection and submission, showcasing the use of checkboxes and arrays in html.', 'duration': 28.754, 'max_score': 6694.275, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c6694275.jpg'}, {'end': 7060.208, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7034.208, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 7040.922, 'text': "And as you can see, it's very simple, right? And we can use that array structure in order to store all of that information.", 'start': 7034.208, 'duration': 6.714}, {'end': 7049.458, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm going to show you guys how to use associative arrays in PHP.", 'start': 7045.054, 'duration': 4.404}, {'end': 7060.208, 'text': 'An associative array is a special type of array where not only we can store data values, but we can actually store what are called key value pairs.', 'start': 7049.998, 'duration': 10.21}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on using associative arrays in php.', 'duration': 26, 'max_score': 7034.208, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c7034208.jpg'}, {'end': 7473.848, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 7298.215, 'weight': 0.88, 'content': [{'end': 7307.66, 'text': "So if I came over here, and I made this student also named Jim, Well, then when I tried to access Jim, like it's unclear which one we're referring to.", 'start': 7298.215, 'duration': 9.445}, {'end': 7313.925, 'text': 'So you always want to make sure that these are unique, right? So I have different names for all these keys.', 'start': 7307.72, 'duration': 6.205}, {'end': 7322.592, 'text': "The values can be the same, however, so I could come over here and have Pam also get an A plus, just like Jim, and that's going to be no problem.", 'start': 7314.345, 'duration': 8.247}, {'end': 7325.915, 'text': 'But you always want to make sure that those keys are unique.', 'start': 7323.052, 'duration': 2.863}, {'end': 7329.518, 'text': 'And just like with a normal array, I could also come over here and modify this.', 'start': 7326.355, 'duration': 3.163}, {'end': 7334.723, 'text': 'So I could say like grades, Jim, and I can give this a value.', 'start': 7329.558, 'duration': 5.165}, {'end': 7336.865, 'text': 'So I can say grades, Jim is equal to F.', 'start': 7334.763, 'duration': 2.102}, {'end': 7338.586, 'text': "So let's say now Jim fails the test.", 'start': 7336.865, 'duration': 1.721}, {'end': 7344.472, 'text': "And over here, when we print this out, Jim's is going to have a new value of F.", 'start': 7339.367, 'duration': 5.105}, {'end': 7351.133, 'text': 'So you can essentially do everything you do with a normal array, you can also get how many elements are inside of it.', 'start': 7344.472, 'duration': 6.661}, {'end': 7352.494, 'text': 'So I could say count.', 'start': 7351.233, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 7357.656, 'text': 'And over here, this will tell us how many key mappings we have.', 'start': 7353.574, 'duration': 4.082}, {'end': 7359.297, 'text': 'So we have three.', 'start': 7358.236, 'duration': 1.061}, {'end': 7363.499, 'text': "And, like I said, it's just like you know, any normal array that we would have in our program.", 'start': 7359.817, 'duration': 3.682}, {'end': 7366.961, 'text': 'I want to show you guys how we could use this to build a little website.', 'start': 7363.499, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 7369.842, 'text': "So what I'm going to do is I actually have a form set up over here.", 'start': 7367.321, 'duration': 2.521}, {'end': 7371.203, 'text': "And I'm just going to uncomment this.", 'start': 7369.882, 'duration': 1.321}, {'end': 7373.264, 'text': "And you'll see it's a simple form.", 'start': 7372.043, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 7375.346, 'text': "It's just action is site.php.", 'start': 7373.324, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 7378.249, 'text': "That's this file, we're using the post method.", 'start': 7375.407, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 7380.291, 'text': 'And then down here, we have an input button.', 'start': 7378.65, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 7384.976, 'text': 'What I want to do is I want to write a website where the user can enter in a name.', 'start': 7380.752, 'duration': 4.224}, {'end': 7389.841, 'text': 'And then we will basically print out what grade that user got on the test.', 'start': 7385.437, 'duration': 4.404}, {'end': 7391.022, 'text': 'So I can come over here.', 'start': 7390.001, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 7398.23, 'text': "And I'm just going to make another input And I'm just going to say type is equal to text, this is going to be a text box.", 'start': 7391.523, 'duration': 6.707}, {'end': 7400.994, 'text': "And I'm going to give this a name.", 'start': 7399.172, 'duration': 1.822}, {'end': 7403.637, 'text': "So why don't we call this student.", 'start': 7401.354, 'duration': 2.283}, {'end': 7412.248, 'text': "And essentially, inside of this text box we're going to be printing. we're going to be typing in the students name whose grade we want to figure out.", 'start': 7404.658, 'duration': 7.59}, {'end': 7420.093, 'text': 'And so what I can do is when the user submits, when they click this Submit button, I could actually come down here and access that information.', 'start': 7412.688, 'duration': 7.405}, {'end': 7429.078, 'text': "So what I could do is I could say echo, and I'm going to echo out grades, and then I want to get the value that they passed in.", 'start': 7420.553, 'duration': 8.525}, {'end': 7430.9, 'text': "So I'm gonna make an open and close square bracket.", 'start': 7429.159, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 7435.122, 'text': "And inside of here, I'm going to put dollar sign underscore post.", 'start': 7431.36, 'duration': 3.762}, {'end': 7438.095, 'text': 'open and close square bracket.', 'start': 7436.914, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 7440.716, 'text': "And in here, we're just going to put student.", 'start': 7438.635, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 7446.678, 'text': "So essentially, what I'm doing here is I'm grabbing the value that the user entered inside of that text box.", 'start': 7441.236, 'duration': 5.442}, {'end': 7452.02, 'text': "And I'm accessing that element inside of the associative array.", 'start': 7447.458, 'duration': 4.562}, {'end': 7453.641, 'text': "So let's go over here and refresh our page.", 'start': 7452.08, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 7455.804, 'text': "And you'll see we have our text box.", 'start': 7454.341, 'duration': 1.463}, {'end': 7463.136, 'text': 'So if I typed in like Jim, for example, when I click Submit, this should tell me what grade Jim got on the test.', 'start': 7455.924, 'duration': 7.212}, {'end': 7467.183, 'text': "So you'll see we get back a plus, I can do the same for Pam.", 'start': 7463.477, 'duration': 3.706}, {'end': 7473.848, 'text': 'and looks like Pam also got an A plus and then we could do it for Oscar and Oscar got that C plus.', 'start': 7468.166, 'duration': 5.682}], 'summary': 'Demonstrates usage of associative arrays with unique keys to store and retrieve student grades, and integrates it into a simple website form to display grades based on user input.', 'duration': 175.633, 'max_score': 7298.215, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c7298215.jpg'}, {'end': 7549.566, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7522.296, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 7525.717, 'text': 'And a lot of times in PHP, what we can do is we can take code like that.', 'start': 7522.296, 'duration': 3.421}, {'end': 7530.099, 'text': 'And we can put it inside of its own special container called a function.', 'start': 7526.117, 'duration': 3.982}, {'end': 7535.121, 'text': 'And the cool thing about functions is it allows you to organize all the code on your website.', 'start': 7530.599, 'duration': 4.522}, {'end': 7538.282, 'text': 'But a function is also going to be able to be reusable.', 'start': 7535.261, 'duration': 3.021}, {'end': 7542.443, 'text': 'So I can basically take some code that performs a specific task,', 'start': 7538.382, 'duration': 4.061}, {'end': 7547.465, 'text': 'put it inside of a function and then I can use it in multiple places throughout my program.', 'start': 7542.443, 'duration': 5.022}, {'end': 7549.566, 'text': 'And that is extremely powerful.', 'start': 7547.905, 'duration': 1.661}], 'summary': "Using functions in php allows for code organization and reusability, enhancing the program's power.", 'duration': 27.27, 'max_score': 7522.296, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c7522296.jpg'}, {'end': 8102.483, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8077.348, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 8085.254, 'text': 'And the goal of this function is going to be to take this number, cube it, and then return that value back to the user.', 'start': 8077.348, 'duration': 7.906}, {'end': 8092.999, 'text': "So not only are we going to cube the number, but we're also going to return the result of cubing that number back to the user.", 'start': 8085.654, 'duration': 7.345}, {'end': 8094.18, 'text': 'So this should be pretty cool.', 'start': 8093.059, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 8097.981, 'text': "Alright, so now that we have our function set up, I'm going to go ahead and write the code.", 'start': 8094.26, 'duration': 3.721}, {'end': 8102.483, 'text': 'So this is actually going to be a pretty simple function, all we really have to do is just cube num.', 'start': 8098.021, 'duration': 4.462}], 'summary': 'The goal is to create a function to cube a number and return the result to the user.', 'duration': 25.135, 'max_score': 8077.348, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c8077348.jpg'}], 'start': 6095.79, 'title': 'Php arrays, functions, and reusability', 'summary': 'Covers using arrays in php to manage information, working with checkboxes, and associative arrays. it also explains the basics of php functions, including reusability, and demonstrates using return statements to pass values back to the caller.', 'chapters': [{'end': 6612.018, 'start': 6095.79, 'title': 'Using arrays in php', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of arrays in php, explaining how arrays are used to store and manage large groups of information, and how to access, modify, add, and count elements within an array.', 'duration': 516.228, 'highlights': ['Arrays in PHP are used to store and manage large groups of information.', 'Accessing elements in an array is done using index positions, starting from zero.', "Modifying elements in an array is achieved by assigning a new value to the element's index position.", 'Adding elements to an array is possible, and the count function can be used to determine the number of elements in the array.']}, {'end': 7000.801, 'start': 6612.618, 'title': 'Working with arrays and checkboxes in php', 'summary': 'Explains how to work with arrays and checkboxes in php, demonstrating how to get input from checkboxes and store the information in an array, showcasing the process through a step-by-step tutorial and providing the output of the stored information.', 'duration': 388.183, 'highlights': ['The tutorial demonstrates how to create checkboxes for selecting favorite fruits and store the selected values in an array, allowing the user to submit multiple pieces of information, exemplifying the usage of arrays in a real-world scenario.', 'The process of creating checkboxes for different fruits is explained step-by-step, emphasizing the importance of naming the checkboxes to store them in the same array and assigning unique values to each checkbox.', 'The chapter provides a practical example of getting input from checkboxes and storing the information in an array, showcasing the ability to access and manipulate the stored values through PHP code, demonstrating the utility of arrays in handling user input.']}, {'end': 7479.991, 'start': 7000.982, 'title': 'Using associative arrays in php', 'summary': "Demonstrates how to use associative arrays in php, allowing the storage of key-value pairs to access and manipulate information, illustrated through a scenario of storing students' names and grades, and integrating user input to retrieve grades, with emphasis on the simplicity and flexibility of the process.", 'duration': 479.009, 'highlights': ['Demonstration of Using Associative Arrays in PHP', 'Integration of User Input to Retrieve Grades', 'Flexibility and Simplicity of Accessing and Manipulating Information']}, {'end': 8003.839, 'start': 7480.551, 'title': 'Php functions: basic introduction and reusability', 'summary': 'Explains the basic concepts of php functions, including creating functions, using parameters, reusing code, and introducing return statements. it also highlights the advantages of organizing code and reusing functions.', 'duration': 523.288, 'highlights': ['Functions allow organizing code and reusability', 'Creating functions and using parameters', 'Reusing code through functions', 'Introduction to return statements in functions']}, {'end': 8330.888, 'start': 8003.879, 'title': 'Using returns in php functions', 'summary': 'Demonstrates creating a php function to cube a number, using the return keyword to pass the cubed value back to the caller, and explains the behavior of the return keyword in functions.', 'duration': 327.009, 'highlights': ["The function 'cube' is created to cube a number and use the return keyword to pass the cubed value back to the caller.", "Using the 'return' keyword allows the function to break out and pass the value back to the caller.", 'The return keyword is used to control the flow of the function, breaking out of the function when encountered.']}], 'duration': 2235.098, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c6095790.jpg', 'highlights': ['The tutorial demonstrates how to create checkboxes for selecting favorite fruits and store the selected values in an array, allowing the user to submit multiple pieces of information, exemplifying the usage of arrays in a real-world scenario.', 'Demonstration of Using Associative Arrays in PHP', 'Functions allow organizing code and reusability', "The function 'cube' is created to cube a number and use the return keyword to pass the cubed value back to the caller.", 'Accessing elements in an array is done using index positions, starting from zero.']}, {'end': 9593.624, 'segs': [{'end': 8382.781, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8357.244, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 8363.348, 'text': 'And if statement is basically a special programming structure, which allows our programs to make decisions.', 'start': 8357.244, 'duration': 6.104}, {'end': 8365.709, 'text': 'So, by using if statements,', 'start': 8363.907, 'duration': 1.802}, {'end': 8374.555, 'text': 'I can actually allow my program to respond to the different pieces of information in the program and do different things in different situations.', 'start': 8365.709, 'duration': 8.846}, {'end': 8379.799, 'text': 'So if statements are extremely useful, and basically, they just make our programs a lot smarter.', 'start': 8374.616, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 8382.781, 'text': "So I'm going to give you guys a total introduction into if statements.", 'start': 8379.859, 'duration': 2.922}], 'summary': 'If statements allow programs to make decisions and respond to different information, making programs smarter.', 'duration': 25.537, 'max_score': 8357.244, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c8357244.jpg'}, {'end': 8428.08, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8397.973, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 8401.095, 'text': "And I've kind of like highlighted a couple that you might see every day.", 'start': 8397.973, 'duration': 3.122}, {'end': 8406.059, 'text': "Over here, it says I wake up if I'm hungry, I eat breakfast.", 'start': 8401.675, 'duration': 4.384}, {'end': 8412.746, 'text': "And this is actually an if statement, believe it or not, this is the type of thing that we're going to be able to code into our programs.", 'start': 8406.58, 'duration': 6.166}, {'end': 8416.25, 'text': "So as it says, I wake up, if I'm hungry, I eat breakfast.", 'start': 8413.367, 'duration': 2.883}, {'end': 8422.156, 'text': "Now, basically, this is saying that if a certain condition is true, then I'm going to do something.", 'start': 8416.43, 'duration': 5.726}, {'end': 8428.08, 'text': "So it says if I'm hungry, And if I'm hungry is either true or false, right? You're either hungry or you're not.", 'start': 8422.216, 'duration': 5.864}], 'summary': 'Introduction to if statements and programming logic.', 'duration': 30.107, 'max_score': 8397.973, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c8397973.jpg'}, {'end': 8893.096, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 8862.937, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 8864.878, 'text': 'So this is also going to be a Boolean variable.', 'start': 8862.937, 'duration': 1.941}, {'end': 8868.701, 'text': "And why don't I also set this guy equal to true up here.", 'start': 8865.519, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 8875.305, 'text': "So now, not only am I dealing with one piece of information, but I'm dealing with two pieces of information.", 'start': 8869.441, 'duration': 5.864}, {'end': 8882.529, 'text': "So let's see if we can make our if statement powerful enough to be able to handle both of these pieces of data.", 'start': 8875.385, 'duration': 7.144}, {'end': 8889.033, 'text': "Well, let's say that when the person was male, and when the person was tall, we wanted to do something.", 'start': 8883.11, 'duration': 5.923}, {'end': 8893.096, 'text': 'So if the person was like a tall male, then we wanted to be able to tell them that.', 'start': 8889.113, 'duration': 3.983}], 'summary': 'Using boolean variables to handle two pieces of data in if statement.', 'duration': 30.159, 'max_score': 8862.937, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c8862937.jpg'}, {'end': 9424.608, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9392.411, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 9394.291, 'text': 'I covered how to use if, how to use else.', 'start': 9392.411, 'duration': 1.88}, {'end': 9395.752, 'text': 'if how to use else.', 'start': 9394.291, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 9396.873, 'text': 'we talked about this.', 'start': 9395.752, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 9397.793, 'text': 'and operator.', 'start': 9396.873, 'duration': 0.92}, {'end': 9399.174, 'text': 'we talked about the or operator.', 'start': 9397.793, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 9401.335, 'text': 'we talked about the negation operator.', 'start': 9399.174, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 9403.936, 'text': "But there's actually a lot more to talk about.", 'start': 9401.875, 'duration': 2.061}, {'end': 9409.839, 'text': "And in the next tutorial, I'm going to talk about another subject with if statements, which is called comparisons.", 'start': 9404.016, 'duration': 5.823}, {'end': 9416.083, 'text': 'So inside of these if statements, instead of just using like Boolean variables like I did over here,', 'start': 9409.999, 'duration': 6.084}, {'end': 9419.225, 'text': 'I could actually compare different pieces of information.', 'start': 9416.083, 'duration': 3.142}, {'end': 9424.608, 'text': 'So I can compare like numbers or strings, or, you know, different different types of information.', 'start': 9419.265, 'duration': 5.343}], 'summary': 'Covered if-else, and-or operators, negation. next: comparisons in if statements.', 'duration': 32.197, 'max_score': 9392.411, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c9392411.jpg'}], 'start': 8331.008, 'title': 'Php if statements and condition operators', 'summary': "Introduces if statements in php, demonstrating its function in decision-making and program responsiveness. it explains the use of condition operators like 'and' and 'or', and covers comparisons and negation operators, offering real-life examples and coding demonstrations.", 'chapters': [{'end': 8397.672, 'start': 8331.008, 'title': 'Php if statements introduction', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of if statements in php, highlighting its function in making decisions and allowing programs to respond to different information, ultimately making programs smarter. the tutorial provides a total introduction into if statements with a basic example, emphasizing its usefulness.', 'duration': 66.664, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of if statements in PHP, emphasizing its function in making decisions and allowing programs to respond to different information, ultimately making programs smarter.', 'The tutorial provides a total introduction into if statements with a basic example, highlighting its usefulness.', 'By using if statements, the program can respond to different pieces of information and perform different actions in different situations, making the programs a lot smarter.', 'If statements are extremely useful in allowing programs to respond to different information and perform different actions.', 'The chapter demonstrates the use of if statements in PHP, providing a basic example and emphasizing its usefulness.']}, {'end': 8843.384, 'start': 8397.973, 'title': 'Understanding if statements in programming', 'summary': "Explains the concept of if statements in programming through real-life examples, such as deciding when to eat breakfast, charge a phone, or bring an umbrella based on specific conditions, and then demonstrates the implementation of if statements in php using boolean variables to make decisions and execute different code blocks based on the condition's truth value.", 'duration': 445.411, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the concept of if statements in programming through real-life examples, such as deciding when to eat breakfast, charge a phone, or bring an umbrella based on specific conditions.', "Demonstrates the implementation of if statements in PHP using boolean variables to make decisions and execute different code blocks based on the condition's truth value."]}, {'end': 9129.597, 'start': 8843.785, 'title': 'Condition operators in programming', 'summary': "Discusses the usage of condition operators, including 'and' and 'or' operators, to handle multiple conditions in programming, with examples and explanations.", 'duration': 285.812, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of creating multiple Boolean variables to handle multiple pieces of information in programming.', "The explanation of the 'and' operator in programming is provided, illustrating how it requires both conditions to be true for the entire statement to be true.", "The usage of the 'or' operator in programming is demonstrated, emphasizing that only one of the conditions needs to be true for the entire statement to be true.", "The concept of 'else if' is introduced as a way to check additional conditions if the initial condition is false."]}, {'end': 9593.624, 'start': 9130.037, 'title': 'Using if statements and comparisons in php', 'summary': 'Covers the usage of if, else if, and else statements to check different conditions based on the values of variables, such as checking for male or tall, and also discusses the negation operator. it also introduces the concept of comparisons in if statements and demonstrates how to create a function to find the maximum of two numbers in php.', 'duration': 463.587, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the usage of if, else if, and else statements to check different conditions based on the values of variables, such as checking for male or tall, and also discusses the negation operator.', 'Introduces the concept of comparisons in if statements and demonstrates how to create a function to find the maximum of two numbers in PHP.']}], 'duration': 1262.616, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c8331008.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of if statements in PHP, emphasizing its function in making decisions and allowing programs to respond to different information, ultimately making programs smarter.', 'The chapter explains the concept of if statements in programming through real-life examples, such as deciding when to eat breakfast, charge a phone, or bring an umbrella based on specific conditions.', 'The chapter covers the usage of if, else if, and else statements to check different conditions based on the values of variables, such as checking for male or tall, and also discusses the negation operator.', 'The chapter introduces the concept of creating multiple Boolean variables to handle multiple pieces of information in programming.']}, {'end': 11064.494, 'segs': [{'end': 9624.529, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9594.264, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 9598.168, 'text': 'And we were using Boolean variables inside of these parentheses.', 'start': 9594.264, 'duration': 3.904}, {'end': 9604.774, 'text': 'And so essentially, what we need to put inside of here is a true or a false value, we need to put a condition.', 'start': 9598.568, 'duration': 6.206}, {'end': 9610.579, 'text': 'But one of the things I can do with these if statements is I can actually compare different values.', 'start': 9605.274, 'duration': 5.305}, {'end': 9620.027, 'text': 'So I could say like, if num one is greater than num two, And you might not think that this is a true or false value.', 'start': 9611.079, 'duration': 8.948}, {'end': 9624.529, 'text': "But it actually is I'm comparing these two values together.", 'start': 9620.407, 'duration': 4.122}], 'summary': 'Using if statements to compare values for true or false conditions.', 'duration': 30.265, 'max_score': 9594.264, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c9594264.jpg'}, {'end': 9719.611, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9691.996, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 9697.98, 'text': 'So believe it or not, this is actually all the code that we need for this get max function.', 'start': 9691.996, 'duration': 5.984}, {'end': 9700.341, 'text': "Right? We're getting these two numbers.", 'start': 9698.42, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 9706.164, 'text': "I'm saying if num one is greater than num two, then I'll return num one right?", 'start': 9700.861, 'duration': 5.303}, {'end': 9709.346, 'text': 'Because if this condition is true, I know for a fact, num one is the biggest.', 'start': 9706.204, 'duration': 3.142}, {'end': 9713.027, 'text': "Otherwise, though, we're going to return num two.", 'start': 9709.986, 'duration': 3.041}, {'end': 9719.611, 'text': "So down here below this function, I'm just going to call it and I'm actually just going to go ahead and echo out the answer.", 'start': 9713.828, 'duration': 5.783}], 'summary': 'Code defines get max function to compare and return the larger of two numbers.', 'duration': 27.615, 'max_score': 9691.996, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c9691996.jpg'}, {'end': 9788.334, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 9755.407, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 9757.209, 'text': 'And we can so we get 300.', 'start': 9755.407, 'duration': 1.802}, {'end': 9760.331, 'text': 'So looks like our get max function is working.', 'start': 9757.209, 'duration': 3.122}, {'end': 9769.52, 'text': "And that's all thanks to this comparison, right? I compared these two different numbers, and I was able to return the correct answer.", 'start': 9760.452, 'duration': 9.068}, {'end': 9777.361, 'text': "But let's say now that instead of just passing in two numbers, we wanted to make this function a little bit more complex.", 'start': 9770.373, 'duration': 6.988}, {'end': 9781.846, 'text': "So let's say we wanted to be able to figure out the maximum of three numbers.", 'start': 9777.822, 'duration': 4.024}, {'end': 9788.334, 'text': 'So in addition to passing in num one and num two, I also wanted to pass in a num three.', 'start': 9782.327, 'duration': 6.007}], 'summary': 'The function successfully returns the maximum value of 300 based on comparison of two numbers.', 'duration': 32.927, 'max_score': 9755.407, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c9755407.jpg'}, {'end': 10040.7, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10011.774, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 10019.8, 'text': 'So I could like, check to see if one string is equal to another string, you can use basically all the data types inside of these comparisons.', 'start': 10011.774, 'duration': 8.026}, {'end': 10025.684, 'text': 'But hopefully, that gives you a sort of an idea of how we can use comparisons inside of our programs.', 'start': 10019.94, 'duration': 5.744}, {'end': 10029.047, 'text': "Honestly, you're going to be using comparisons all the time with if statements,", 'start': 10025.984, 'duration': 3.063}, {'end': 10032.069, 'text': 'so you want to make sure that you have a firm grasp on how to use them.', 'start': 10029.047, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 10040.7, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm gonna show you guys how to build a four function calculator in PHP.", 'start': 10036.198, 'duration': 4.502}], 'summary': 'Demonstrates using comparisons in programming with a php calculator tutorial.', 'duration': 28.926, 'max_score': 10011.774, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c10011774.jpg'}, {'end': 10082.488, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10051.485, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 10056.508, 'text': 'we took those numbers and then we added them together and printed the answer out onto the screen.', 'start': 10051.485, 'duration': 5.023}, {'end': 10064.714, 'text': "In this tutorial, though, I'm gonna show you guys how we can build a fully functional calculator which can do not only addition, but subtraction,", 'start': 10057.128, 'duration': 7.586}, {'end': 10066.356, 'text': 'multiplication and division.', 'start': 10064.714, 'duration': 1.642}, {'end': 10071.32, 'text': "And we're going to allow the user to decide which operation they want to perform.", 'start': 10066.816, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 10072.481, 'text': 'So this is gonna be pretty cool.', 'start': 10071.46, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 10076.344, 'text': "And we'll get to use if statements in order to do this.", 'start': 10072.901, 'duration': 3.443}, {'end': 10082.488, 'text': 'So down here inside of this program, I have this form that I set up in my HTML.', 'start': 10076.784, 'duration': 5.704}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on building a fully functional calculator allowing user to choose from addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, using if statements.', 'duration': 31.003, 'max_score': 10051.485, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c10051485.jpg'}, {'end': 10507.116, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10473.755, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 10476.617, 'text': 'So our program will recognize that and it will show us.', 'start': 10473.755, 'duration': 2.862}, {'end': 10483.903, 'text': 'So down here, we were able to use this if statement in order to figure out what the operator was that the user entered.', 'start': 10477.058, 'duration': 6.845}, {'end': 10486.205, 'text': 'And that is actually pretty awesome.', 'start': 10484.463, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 10487.746, 'text': 'So hopefully you can see how that works.', 'start': 10486.465, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 10491.568, 'text': 'And you can kind of see like, you know how something like this could be useful.', 'start': 10487.786, 'duration': 3.782}, {'end': 10494.069, 'text': 'And I also want to show you guys one more thing.', 'start': 10491.848, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 10496.43, 'text': "And this isn't like directly related to this calculator.", 'start': 10494.109, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 10499.932, 'text': "But it's a little thing that I think some people might be confused about.", 'start': 10496.49, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 10507.116, 'text': 'So actually, if I came over here into my calculator program and I entered in like a decimal number, so if I entered in something like 4.6,', 'start': 10499.972, 'duration': 7.144}], 'summary': 'Program demonstrates use of if statement, recognizing operator input. also covers handling decimal numbers.', 'duration': 33.361, 'max_score': 10473.755, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c10473755.jpg'}, {'end': 10550.846, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10515.382, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 10516.183, 'text': 'And actually, let me do it again.', 'start': 10515.382, 'duration': 0.801}, {'end': 10518.745, 'text': 'So we get that the nearest values are four and five.', 'start': 10516.203, 'duration': 2.542}, {'end': 10523.248, 'text': "So it didn't actually let me put in here a decimal number.", 'start': 10518.825, 'duration': 4.423}, {'end': 10526.411, 'text': "And that's actually has to do with how HTML works.", 'start': 10523.308, 'duration': 3.103}, {'end': 10529.813, 'text': 'And it basically just has to do with how this input tag works over here.', 'start': 10526.591, 'duration': 3.222}, {'end': 10534.677, 'text': 'So by default, when we say number, this is only going to take like whole numbers.', 'start': 10530.434, 'duration': 4.243}, {'end': 10536.518, 'text': 'But we can actually modify that.', 'start': 10535.217, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 10538.72, 'text': 'So we could make it so we could use decimal numbers.', 'start': 10536.618, 'duration': 2.102}, {'end': 10543.744, 'text': 'So I could just say over here, step, and I could set this equal to like 0.1, for example.', 'start': 10538.76, 'duration': 4.984}, {'end': 10550.846, 'text': 'And now this is going to specify that we can take numbers to this decimal point.', 'start': 10545.365, 'duration': 5.481}], 'summary': 'Html input tag can be modified to accept decimal numbers, e.g., setting step=0.1', 'duration': 35.464, 'max_score': 10515.382, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c10515382.jpg'}, {'end': 10655.687, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10616.696, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 10620.518, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about switch statements in PHP.", 'start': 10616.696, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 10629.583, 'text': 'A switch statement is basically just a special type of if statement, which we can use to compare one value to a bunch of different values.', 'start': 10621.118, 'duration': 8.465}, {'end': 10637.427, 'text': "So there's certain circumstances when we want to use the functionality of an if statement, but we want to check a bunch of different cases.", 'start': 10629.983, 'duration': 7.444}, {'end': 10642.93, 'text': 'And in a situation like that, we can use a switch statement in order to make it a lot easier.', 'start': 10637.687, 'duration': 5.243}, {'end': 10645.212, 'text': "So I'm gonna show you guys how to use switch statements.", 'start': 10643.47, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 10649.098, 'text': "And we'll kind of I'll show you guys an example in this tutorial that will hopefully illustrate it.", 'start': 10645.233, 'duration': 3.865}, {'end': 10653.263, 'text': 'So over here in my program, I have a basic little program setup.', 'start': 10649.699, 'duration': 3.564}, {'end': 10655.687, 'text': 'Basically, I have this form over here.', 'start': 10653.323, 'duration': 2.364}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on switch statements in php for comparing multiple values.', 'duration': 38.991, 'max_score': 10616.696, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c10616696.jpg'}, {'end': 10920.971, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 10896.548, 'weight': 10, 'content': [{'end': 10903.094, 'text': "So switch over here is a programming structure, right? We're in here in between these open and close curly brackets.", 'start': 10896.548, 'duration': 6.546}, {'end': 10907.679, 'text': 'And when we put break here, it basically will break us out of the switch statement.', 'start': 10903.535, 'duration': 4.144}, {'end': 10911.222, 'text': "So for example, let's say that the grade was equal to a right.", 'start': 10907.819, 'duration': 3.403}, {'end': 10913.044, 'text': 'So this case was true.', 'start': 10911.502, 'duration': 1.542}, {'end': 10915.886, 'text': 'And we came down here and we printed out you are amazing.', 'start': 10913.124, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 10920.971, 'text': "If I didn't put a break statement here, then this switch statement would keep executing.", 'start': 10916.287, 'duration': 4.684}], 'summary': 'Switch statement breaks out of programming structure based on conditions.', 'duration': 24.423, 'max_score': 10896.548, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c10896548.jpg'}, {'end': 11048.539, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11019.199, 'weight': 11, 'content': [{'end': 11022.361, 'text': "And the problem is that we're not handling that situation.", 'start': 11019.199, 'duration': 3.162}, {'end': 11027.765, 'text': "So over here in this case statement, we don't have a case for like every possible input.", 'start': 11022.441, 'duration': 5.324}, {'end': 11034.749, 'text': "But if the input isn't one of these valid grades, maybe we could like tell the user, hey, you entered in an invalid grade.", 'start': 11028.325, 'duration': 6.424}, {'end': 11038.992, 'text': "And to do that, I can actually come down here and use what's called a default statement.", 'start': 11035.25, 'duration': 3.742}, {'end': 11042.094, 'text': "So I can just type out default, and I'm going to type a colon.", 'start': 11039.032, 'duration': 3.062}, {'end': 11045.717, 'text': 'And then down here, I can basically just type out something I want to do.', 'start': 11042.535, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 11048.539, 'text': 'So I can just say like invalid.', 'start': 11046.417, 'duration': 2.122}], 'summary': 'Handling invalid input by adding a default statement in a case statement.', 'duration': 29.34, 'max_score': 11019.199, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11019199.jpg'}], 'start': 9594.264, 'title': 'Using if statements and switch statements in php', 'summary': 'Covers using if statements in php to compare values and create conditions, with a specific example of a get max function. it also explains how to modify a max function to handle multiple inputs and demonstrates building a php calculator capable of performing basic operations. additionally, the chapter explains using switch statements to compare user input to different cases.', 'chapters': [{'end': 9755.267, 'start': 9594.264, 'title': 'Using if statements in php', 'summary': 'Discusses using if statements in php to compare values and create conditions, using a specific example of a get max function to determine the maximum of two numbers.', 'duration': 161.003, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses using if statements in PHP to compare values and create conditions, using a specific example of a get max function to determine the maximum of two numbers.', 'The process of comparing two values using if statements results in a true or false value, which can be used as a condition for executing specific code.', 'The get max function is demonstrated, where if num one is greater than num two, num one is returned; otherwise, num two is returned, effectively determining the maximum of the two numbers.']}, {'end': 10032.069, 'start': 9755.407, 'title': 'Max function with multiple inputs', 'summary': 'Explains how to modify a max function to handle three inputs, demonstrating the use of comparison operators and if-else statements and validating the functionality with various test cases.', 'duration': 276.662, 'highlights': ['The function is modified to handle three inputs by using if-else statements with comparison operators like greater than or equal to, and successfully returns the maximum value, as demonstrated with test cases (e.g., 300, 400, 900, 3000).', 'The explanation includes the usage of comparison operators such as greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, less than or equal to, double equals (equality check), and exclamation point equals (not equals), applicable to various data types including strings, emphasizing their importance in programming with if statements.']}, {'end': 10593.383, 'start': 10036.198, 'title': 'Building a php calculator', 'summary': "Demonstrates how to build a fully functional php calculator capable of performing addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, utilizing if statements to determine the operation based on the user's input. the tutorial also addresses the handling of decimal numbers in input fields.", 'duration': 557.185, 'highlights': ['Ability to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division', 'Utilization of if statements for operation determination', 'Handling of decimal numbers in input fields']}, {'end': 11064.494, 'start': 10593.443, 'title': 'Php switch statements tutorial', 'summary': 'Explains how to use switch statements in php to compare user input to different cases, demonstrating the functionality with examples and explaining the use of break and default statements.', 'duration': 471.051, 'highlights': ['Switch statement in PHP', 'Demonstrating switch statement functionality', 'Explanation of break statement in switch statement', 'Handling invalid input with default statement']}], 'duration': 1470.23, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c9594264.jpg', 'highlights': ['The function is modified to handle three inputs by using if-else statements with comparison operators like greater than or equal to, and successfully returns the maximum value, as demonstrated with test cases (e.g., 300, 400, 900, 3000).', 'Covers using if statements in PHP to compare values and create conditions, using a specific example of a get max function to determine the maximum of two numbers.', 'The process of comparing two values using if statements results in a true or false value, which can be used as a condition for executing specific code.', 'Ability to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division', 'Utilization of if statements for operation determination', 'Handling of decimal numbers in input fields', 'The get max function is demonstrated, where if num one is greater than num two, num one is returned; otherwise, num two is returned, effectively determining the maximum of the two numbers.', 'The explanation includes the usage of comparison operators such as greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, less than or equal to, double equals (equality check), and exclamation point equals (not equals), applicable to various data types including strings, emphasizing their importance in programming with if statements.', 'Switch statement in PHP', 'Demonstrating switch statement functionality', 'Explanation of break statement in switch statement', 'Handling invalid input with default statement']}, {'end': 12359.989, 'segs': [{'end': 11126.91, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11084.117, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 11087.181, 'text': 'And like I said, a switch statement is very similar to an if statement.', 'start': 11084.117, 'duration': 3.064}, {'end': 11092.564, 'text': 'In fact, everything that you can do with a switch statement you could do with an if statement.', 'start': 11087.341, 'duration': 5.223}, {'end': 11095.885, 'text': "it's just that switch statements make it a lot easier for us to do that.", 'start': 11092.564, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 11101.267, 'text': 'And really switch statements are used in a situation where you have one value, like the grade,', 'start': 11096.245, 'duration': 5.022}, {'end': 11104.588, 'text': 'and you want to compare it to a bunch of different values.', 'start': 11101.267, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 11106.649, 'text': 'So switch statements are very useful.', 'start': 11104.988, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 11109.63, 'text': "And there's tons of situations where these will come in handy.", 'start': 11106.689, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 11117.045, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm gonna show you guys how to use while loops in PHP.", 'start': 11113.484, 'duration': 3.561}, {'end': 11126.91, 'text': 'A while loop is basically just a programming structure, which allows us to loop over a specified block of code while a certain condition is true.', 'start': 11117.546, 'duration': 9.364}], 'summary': 'Switch statements are useful for comparing one value to multiple values, making it easier to handle certain situations.', 'duration': 42.793, 'max_score': 11084.117, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11084117.jpg'}, {'end': 11260.938, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11237.151, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 11246.534, 'text': "So this is basically saying that I'm going to keep looping through this while loop as long as the value stored inside of the index variable is less than or equal to five.", 'start': 11237.151, 'duration': 9.383}, {'end': 11254.916, 'text': 'And then down here, inside of these curly brackets, I can specify some code that I want to be continually executed over,', 'start': 11246.914, 'duration': 8.002}, {'end': 11256.717, 'text': 'as long as this condition is true.', 'start': 11254.916, 'duration': 1.801}, {'end': 11260.938, 'text': "So I'm basically just going to print out the value of index.", 'start': 11257.157, 'duration': 3.781}], 'summary': 'Loop through while index < 5, print index.', 'duration': 23.787, 'max_score': 11237.151, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11237151.jpg'}, {'end': 11356.628, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11323.363, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 11327.326, 'text': "So remember, there's two parts to the while loop, we have the loop condition up here.", 'start': 11323.363, 'duration': 3.963}, {'end': 11331.309, 'text': 'And this basically determines whether or not we should keep looping through the loop.', 'start': 11327.846, 'duration': 3.463}, {'end': 11333.391, 'text': 'And then down here, we have the loop body.', 'start': 11331.669, 'duration': 1.722}, {'end': 11339.415, 'text': "whenever we're using a while loop, the first thing that PHP is going to do is it's going to check this condition.", 'start': 11334.031, 'duration': 5.384}, {'end': 11345.139, 'text': "So before PHP does anything else before it executes any of this code, it's going to check this condition.", 'start': 11339.535, 'duration': 5.604}, {'end': 11349.082, 'text': "So it's going to check to see if index is less than or equal to five.", 'start': 11345.199, 'duration': 3.883}, {'end': 11356.628, 'text': "If index is less than or equal to five, then we're going to go through and we're going to execute all of the code in this loop body.", 'start': 11349.603, 'duration': 7.025}], 'summary': 'The while loop has two parts: loop condition and loop body. php checks the condition before executing any code.', 'duration': 33.265, 'max_score': 11323.363, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11323363.jpg'}, {'end': 11406.134, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11376.483, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 11381.205, 'text': "Once we've executed all the code inside of this loop body, we're going to jump all the way back up.", 'start': 11376.483, 'duration': 4.722}, {'end': 11383.746, 'text': "And we're going to check this condition again.", 'start': 11381.765, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 11389.448, 'text': 'So before we can execute the code inside of the loop body, we have to check the condition.', 'start': 11384.226, 'duration': 5.222}, {'end': 11393.809, 'text': "So, on every single iteration of the loop, we're going to check that condition first.", 'start': 11389.488, 'duration': 4.321}, {'end': 11396.57, 'text': "if the condition is true, we're going to execute the loop body.", 'start': 11393.809, 'duration': 2.761}, {'end': 11399.031, 'text': "otherwise we're going to break out of the loop and we'll be done.", 'start': 11396.57, 'duration': 2.461}, {'end': 11401.292, 'text': "So the second time we're going to print out.", 'start': 11399.631, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 11406.134, 'text': "to the third time through the loop, we're going to print out three, four and then five,", 'start': 11401.292, 'duration': 4.842}], 'summary': 'Loop iterates and executes code based on condition, printing 2nd to 5th iterations.', 'duration': 29.651, 'max_score': 11376.483, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11376483.jpg'}, {'end': 11555.245, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11529.226, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 11533.711, 'text': 'But I just kind of wanted to demonstrate how something like that could mess up your program.', 'start': 11529.226, 'duration': 4.485}, {'end': 11535.513, 'text': "So I'm going to add this back in.", 'start': 11533.751, 'duration': 1.762}, {'end': 11537.855, 'text': "And now we'll go back to the normal program.", 'start': 11535.553, 'duration': 2.302}, {'end': 11540.517, 'text': 'infinite loops happen to everybody.', 'start': 11538.976, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 11543.939, 'text': "And as you you know, start learning more about while loops, I'm sure they'll happen to you.", 'start': 11540.717, 'duration': 3.222}, {'end': 11550.863, 'text': "But it's just something to be aware of where if something's not working correctly, it might be because an infinite loop is occurring.", 'start': 11544.459, 'duration': 6.404}, {'end': 11553.184, 'text': 'So a while loop is very simple.', 'start': 11551.523, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 11555.245, 'text': 'And we kind of looked at how they work.', 'start': 11553.404, 'duration': 1.841}], 'summary': 'Infinite loops can occur in while loops, impacting program functionality.', 'duration': 26.019, 'max_score': 11529.226, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11529226.jpg'}, {'end': 11783.476, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 11740.865, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 11747.67, 'text': "So if you've been following along with this course, in the last tutorial, I showed you guys how you could use while loops, and do while loops.", 'start': 11740.865, 'duration': 6.805}, {'end': 11749.872, 'text': 'And while loops and do loops are awesome.', 'start': 11748.151, 'duration': 1.721}, {'end': 11753.775, 'text': 'But a while loop is just a very general type of looping structure.', 'start': 11750.513, 'duration': 3.262}, {'end': 11761.801, 'text': 'So a while loop can basically handle any situation where you want to loop over a specific block of code a number of times,', 'start': 11753.855, 'duration': 7.946}, {'end': 11765.845, 'text': "and while loops are really powerful in that sense, but they're also really general.", 'start': 11761.801, 'duration': 4.044}, {'end': 11770.728, 'text': "And there's actually another type of loop in PHP, which is called a for loop.", 'start': 11766.525, 'duration': 4.203}, {'end': 11774.13, 'text': 'And a for loop serves more of a specific purpose.', 'start': 11771.108, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 11775.23, 'text': 'In a for loop.', 'start': 11774.51, 'duration': 0.72}, {'end': 11783.476, 'text': 'not only can we loop while a certain condition is true, but as we go through our loop, we can keep track of something called an iterating variable.', 'start': 11775.23, 'duration': 8.246}], 'summary': 'While loops are general, for loops are specific in php.', 'duration': 42.611, 'max_score': 11740.865, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11740865.jpg'}, {'end': 12140.469, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 12117.58, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 12124.922, 'text': 'The difference is, though, this while loop takes up 1234 lines of code, this for loop really only takes up two lines of code, right.', 'start': 12117.58, 'duration': 7.342}, {'end': 12131.804, 'text': "And so this for loop is essentially doing the same thing as this while loop, but it's just way more compact, it's way more streamlined.", 'start': 12125.242, 'duration': 6.562}, {'end': 12134.245, 'text': "And it's a lot easier for us to do this.", 'start': 12132.204, 'duration': 2.041}, {'end': 12137.527, 'text': 'So once again, over here, we have this variable.', 'start': 12134.685, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 12140.469, 'text': "So we're creating our indexing variable, just like we did up there.", 'start': 12137.607, 'duration': 2.862}], 'summary': "For loop is more efficient, taking only 2 lines of code compared to while loop's 1234 lines.", 'duration': 22.889, 'max_score': 12117.58, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c12117580.jpg'}, {'end': 12200.242, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 12176.373, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 12183.938, 'text': 'So I have now this indexing or this iterating variable that I can, you know, basically modify and do whatever I want with.', 'start': 12176.373, 'duration': 7.565}, {'end': 12190.856, 'text': 'Alright, so using this for loop, I want to actually show you guys how we can loop through the contents of an array.', 'start': 12184.352, 'duration': 6.504}, {'end': 12198.2, 'text': "And this is actually a very, very common use case for a for loop, it'll kind of give you guys an idea of how these for loops can be used.", 'start': 12191.236, 'duration': 6.964}, {'end': 12200.242, 'text': "So I'm actually going to create an array.", 'start': 12198.601, 'duration': 1.641}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating loop iteration through an array using a for loop.', 'duration': 23.869, 'max_score': 12176.373, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c12176373.jpg'}], 'start': 11064.935, 'title': 'Php loop structures', 'summary': 'Covers the usage and working principles of switch statements, while loops, do while loops, and for loops in php. it emphasizes the potential for infinite loops and provides demonstrations, including iterating and printing numbers, with an emphasis on efficiency and compactness of for loops.', 'chapters': [{'end': 11323.323, 'start': 11064.935, 'title': 'Using switch and while loops in php', 'summary': 'Discusses the usage of switch statements to compare values and the basics of working with while loops in php, including a demonstration of a while loop printing the values from 1 to 5.', 'duration': 258.388, 'highlights': ['Demonstrating the usage of switch statements to compare values and handle different cases.', 'Explaining the basics of working with while loops and their structure in PHP.', 'Showing a practical demonstration of a while loop printing values from 1 to 5.']}, {'end': 11511.935, 'start': 11323.363, 'title': 'Understanding php while loops', 'summary': 'Explains the workings of a while loop in php, highlighting the loop condition and body, with an emphasis on the potential for infinite loops and the need for proper iteration control, as well as demonstrating the iteration process and the potential risks of infinite looping.', 'duration': 188.572, 'highlights': ['The while loop consists of a loop condition and loop body, with the loop condition determining whether to continue looping, and the loop body executing as long as the condition is true.', 'Demonstration of the iteration process, including the initial condition check, execution of loop body, and reevaluation of the loop condition for subsequent iterations.', 'Explanation of the concept of infinite loops and its potential occurrence due to an unchanging loop condition, emphasizing the importance of proper iteration control to avoid infinite looping.']}, {'end': 11802.03, 'start': 11512.455, 'title': 'Php loops and iteration', 'summary': 'Discusses infinite loops, while loops, do while loops, and for loops in php, emphasizing while loops as a general looping structure, and for loops for specific purposes, such as iterating over a block of code.', 'duration': 289.575, 'highlights': ['While loops are a general type of looping structure, able to handle any situation where a specific block of code needs to be looped over a number of times.', 'For loops in PHP serve a more specific purpose, allowing the looping while a certain condition is true and keeping track of an iterating variable as the loop progresses.', 'Demonstrated the concept of infinite loops and the potential impact on program execution and system performance, cautioning against their occurrence.']}, {'end': 12359.989, 'start': 11802.13, 'title': 'Using for loops to iterate and print numbers', 'summary': 'Discusses the usage of for loops to iterate and print numbers, explaining the process of initializing, setting looping condition, and executing code after each iteration, with a comparison to a while loop and a demonstration of iterating through an array, with an emphasis on the efficiency and compactness of the for loop.', 'duration': 557.859, 'highlights': ["The for loop is more efficient and compact than the while loop, using only two lines of code compared to the while loop's 1234 lines, while achieving the same result.", "The for loop allows the creation and modification of an indexing variable within the loop's parentheses, offering a streamlined and optimized approach to looping.", 'Demonstration of using a for loop to iterate through an array, with the loop condition being set to continue until the indexing variable is less than the count of elements in the array.']}], 'duration': 1295.054, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c11064935.jpg', 'highlights': ["The for loop is more efficient and compact than the while loop, using only two lines of code compared to the while loop's 1234 lines, while achieving the same result.", 'Demonstrated the concept of infinite loops and the potential impact on program execution and system performance, cautioning against their occurrence.', 'Demonstration of using a for loop to iterate through an array, with the loop condition being set to continue until the indexing variable is less than the count of elements in the array.', 'For loops in PHP serve a more specific purpose, allowing the looping while a certain condition is true and keeping track of an iterating variable as the loop progresses.', 'Demonstrating the usage of switch statements to compare values and handle different cases.', 'Explaining the basics of working with while loops and their structure in PHP.', 'Showing a practical demonstration of a while loop printing values from 1 to 5.', 'The while loop consists of a loop condition and loop body, with the loop condition determining whether to continue looping, and the loop body executing as long as the condition is true.', 'Demonstration of the iteration process, including the initial condition check, execution of loop body, and reevaluation of the loop condition for subsequent iterations.', 'While loops are a general type of looping structure, able to handle any situation where a specific block of code needs to be looped over a number of times.']}, {'end': 13540.064, 'segs': [{'end': 12407.511, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 12381.428, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 12391.347, 'text': "And then we said I plus plus in this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about using comments in PHP.", 'start': 12381.428, 'duration': 9.919}, {'end': 12399.289, 'text': "A comment is basically just a line of code inside of our PHP file, which isn't going to get rendered by PHP.", 'start': 12391.847, 'duration': 7.442}, {'end': 12407.511, 'text': "So generally, when we're writing lines of code inside of our PHP files, like their instructions that are meant for the computer to carry out.", 'start': 12399.709, 'duration': 7.802}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on using comments in php, a line of code not rendered by php.', 'duration': 26.083, 'max_score': 12381.428, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c12381428.jpg'}, {'end': 12450.797, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 12427.523, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 12434.81, 'text': "So a comment is basically any text inside of our PHP file that's not meant for the computer, it's meant for us humans.", 'start': 12427.523, 'duration': 7.287}, {'end': 12440.272, 'text': 'And we can create a comment pretty simply, all you have to do is just type two forward slashes just like this.', 'start': 12435.51, 'duration': 4.762}, {'end': 12443.293, 'text': "And I can come over here and I'm typing a comment.", 'start': 12440.932, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 12450.797, 'text': "And you'll notice just in my text editor that this comment is actually colored a little bit different than some of the code that's down here.", 'start': 12443.714, 'duration': 7.083}], 'summary': 'Comments in php are text not meant for the computer, created using two forward slashes.', 'duration': 23.274, 'max_score': 12427.523, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c12427523.jpg'}, {'end': 12613.312, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 12587.211, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 12591.214, 'text': "And it's actually to do what's called commenting out a line of code.", 'start': 12587.211, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 12598.199, 'text': "So a lot of times when you're writing your PHP programs, you might have a line of code, which you think is kind of causing trouble.", 'start': 12591.634, 'duration': 6.565}, {'end': 12602.402, 'text': 'So maybe you have a line and you think that line is breaking your program or something.', 'start': 12598.619, 'duration': 3.783}, {'end': 12607.647, 'text': "So a lot of times you're going to want to try to test your programs without those specific lines of code.", 'start': 12602.783, 'duration': 4.864}, {'end': 12613.312, 'text': "And let's say that like this line of code down here, like I think maybe it's causing problems in my program.", 'start': 12608.087, 'duration': 5.225}], 'summary': 'Commenting out code helps test and troubleshoot programs in php.', 'duration': 26.101, 'max_score': 12587.211, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c12587211.jpg'}, {'end': 13020.211, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 12983.784, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 12986.827, 'text': 'And really what this does is it makes your website more modular.', 'start': 12983.784, 'duration': 3.043}, {'end': 12993.972, 'text': 'So you can break your website up into these little, you know components and then you can just insert them into your different pages using.', 'start': 12986.847, 'duration': 7.125}, {'end': 12995.133, 'text': 'those include statements.', 'start': 12993.972, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 12999.495, 'text': 'But really, this is just scratching the surface of what these includes can do.', 'start': 12995.533, 'duration': 3.962}, {'end': 13003.878, 'text': "And so in the following tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys some more about what these includes can do.", 'start': 12999.515, 'duration': 4.363}, {'end': 13010.081, 'text': "And more specifically, we're going to talk about not just including HTML files, but also including PHP files.", 'start': 13003.938, 'duration': 6.143}, {'end': 13020.211, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm gonna show you guys some more things we can do using that include statement in PHP.", 'start': 13014.525, 'duration': 5.686}], 'summary': 'Using includes in php to make websites more modular, including both html and php files.', 'duration': 36.427, 'max_score': 12983.784, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c12983784.jpg'}, {'end': 13065.062, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13041.188, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 13048.93, 'text': "And in this tutorial, I'm going to show you guys how we can take that a step further and actually include other PHP files inside of our PHP file.", 'start': 13041.188, 'duration': 7.742}, {'end': 13053.932, 'text': "And what you'll see is when we include other PHP files, things start to get really awesome.", 'start': 13049.351, 'duration': 4.581}, {'end': 13058.396, 'text': "The first thing I'm going to do is show you guys how we can create a PHP file.", 'start': 13054.452, 'duration': 3.944}, {'end': 13062.68, 'text': "And then I'm going to show you how we can actually include it here in our PHP.", 'start': 13058.556, 'duration': 4.124}, {'end': 13065.062, 'text': "And I'll show you some cool stuff that we can do with it.", 'start': 13063.221, 'duration': 1.841}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on including php files for enhanced functionality.', 'duration': 23.874, 'max_score': 13041.188, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c13041188.jpg'}, {'end': 13413.046, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13389.811, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 13400.857, 'text': 'Like, not only can you include static HTML, but you can also include dynamic PHP and you can populate the values in that PHP inside of the PHP file.', 'start': 13389.811, 'duration': 11.046}, {'end': 13401.938, 'text': "that's including it.", 'start': 13400.857, 'duration': 1.081}, {'end': 13405.26, 'text': "that's one really useful way that we can use these.", 'start': 13402.598, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 13413.046, 'text': 'Now I want to show you guys one more thing we can do, we can actually include PHP files that have like variables and functions inside of them.', 'start': 13405.7, 'duration': 7.346}], 'summary': 'Include dynamic php files with variables and functions for versatile web development.', 'duration': 23.235, 'max_score': 13389.811, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c13389811.jpg'}, {'end': 13557.022, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13524.438, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 13526.779, 'text': 'And then, when they want to use all that functionality,', 'start': 13524.438, 'duration': 2.341}, {'end': 13534.461, 'text': "they'll just include the file inside of their PHP file and then they can use those functions or those variables to do whatever they want.", 'start': 13526.779, 'duration': 7.682}, {'end': 13538.322, 'text': 'So those are two really powerful ways that you can use this include command.', 'start': 13534.501, 'duration': 3.821}, {'end': 13540.064, 'text': 'So over here with the article header.', 'start': 13538.522, 'duration': 1.542}, {'end': 13547.512, 'text': 'we basically created this like little template, and then we let whoever was including it decide what the title, author and the word count would be.', 'start': 13540.064, 'duration': 7.448}, {'end': 13551.736, 'text': 'And then over here, we defined a bunch of like, we defined a function and a variable.', 'start': 13547.912, 'duration': 3.824}, {'end': 13557.022, 'text': 'And we were able to use that function and that variable just by including this file.', 'start': 13552.157, 'duration': 4.865}], 'summary': 'Using the include command in php allows for powerful functionality, including defining functions and variables, and creating customizable templates for articles.', 'duration': 32.584, 'max_score': 13524.438, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c13524438.jpg'}], 'start': 12360.429, 'title': 'Php syntax and functions', 'summary': 'Discusses using comments in php, including syntax, types, and practical applications, emphasizing the benefits of troubleshooting. it also covers the use of include statements, allowing the inclusion of html and php files, making websites more modular. additionally, it explains using the php include function for dynamic content population and the use of functions and variables.', 'chapters': [{'end': 12663.869, 'start': 12360.429, 'title': 'Using comments in php', 'summary': 'Discusses the usage of comments in php, including the syntax, types, and practical applications for developers, emphasizing the benefits of commenting out specific lines of code for troubleshooting purposes.', 'duration': 303.44, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the usage of comments in PHP', 'Emphasizes the benefits of commenting out specific lines of code for troubleshooting purposes', 'Describes the syntax for creating single-line and multi-line comments in PHP']}, {'end': 13201.163, 'start': 12663.989, 'title': 'Using include statement in php', 'summary': 'Discusses the use of the include statement in php, allowing the inclusion of html and php files, and how it can make websites more modular and easier to update, with the ability to automatically update content on multiple pages by including reusable components. the tutorial also demonstrates creating and including php files to define the look and feel of website sections.', 'duration': 537.174, 'highlights': ['The include statement in PHP allows us to include another file inside our PHP file, making it extremely useful, particularly for defining a header and footer for a website.', 'Using include statement, any modifications made in the included files automatically reflect in all web pages where those files are included, making website maintenance more efficient and less time-consuming.', 'The use of include statements makes websites more modular by breaking them into reusable components, such as headers, footers, navigation lists, and breadcrumbs, which can be included in different pages.', 'The tutorial also demonstrates creating and including PHP files to define the look and feel of website sections, such as article headers, allowing the use of variables to provide dynamic values.']}, {'end': 13540.064, 'start': 13201.484, 'title': 'Php include function', 'summary': 'Explains how to use the php include function to include header templates and reusable php files, allowing for dynamic content population and the use of functions and variables in the including file.', 'duration': 338.58, 'highlights': ['The PHP include function is utilized to include an article header file into another PHP file, allowing for dynamic content population.', 'Variables in the included file can be given values in the including PHP file, allowing for dynamic data population.', 'The chapter highlights the use of the include function to include PHP files containing variables and functions, enabling the use of the functionality in the including file.']}], 'duration': 1179.635, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c12360429.jpg', 'highlights': ['The use of include statements makes websites more modular by breaking them into reusable components, such as headers, footers, navigation lists, and breadcrumbs, which can be included in different pages.', 'Using include statement, any modifications made in the included files automatically reflect in all web pages where those files are included, making website maintenance more efficient and less time-consuming.', 'The chapter discusses the usage of comments in PHP', 'Emphasizes the benefits of commenting out specific lines of code for troubleshooting purposes', 'Describes the syntax for creating single-line and multi-line comments in PHP', 'The PHP include function is utilized to include an article header file into another PHP file, allowing for dynamic content population.', 'Variables in the included file can be given values in the including PHP file, allowing for dynamic data population.', 'The tutorial also demonstrates creating and including PHP files to define the look and feel of website sections, such as article headers, allowing the use of variables to provide dynamic values.', 'The chapter highlights the use of the include function to include PHP files containing variables and functions, enabling the use of the functionality in the including file.']}, {'end': 15042.786, 'segs': [{'end': 13658.716, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13632.256, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 13637.641, 'text': 'And so the types of information that we can represent and model in our programs is very limited.', 'start': 13632.256, 'duration': 5.385}, {'end': 13644.968, 'text': "So PHP recognizes this problem, right, the problem that we can't represent everything in the real world just with a single string or number.", 'start': 13637.961, 'duration': 7.007}, {'end': 13649.793, 'text': 'So in PHP, we can actually create our own custom data types.', 'start': 13645.368, 'duration': 4.425}, {'end': 13653.374, 'text': 'And we can do that by creating things called classes.', 'start': 13650.373, 'duration': 3.001}, {'end': 13658.716, 'text': 'A class is essentially just a specification for a custom data type.', 'start': 13653.834, 'duration': 4.882}], 'summary': 'Php allows creating custom data types using classes.', 'duration': 26.46, 'max_score': 13632.256, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c13632256.jpg'}, {'end': 13887.067, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 13857.665, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 13862.109, 'text': 'So every book inside of our program will have a title and author and pages.', 'start': 13857.665, 'duration': 4.444}, {'end': 13865.712, 'text': 'So essentially, this class is a specification.', 'start': 13862.509, 'duration': 3.203}, {'end': 13869.975, 'text': "So it's like a blueprint for creating a book inside of my program.", 'start': 13865.792, 'duration': 4.183}, {'end': 13873.818, 'text': 'What I can do now is I can come down here below this class declaration.', 'start': 13870.355, 'duration': 3.463}, {'end': 13877.7, 'text': 'And I can actually create a book inside of my program.', 'start': 13874.198, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 13881.463, 'text': 'So I could model a real book in my PHP program.', 'start': 13877.74, 'duration': 3.723}, {'end': 13887.067, 'text': 'And we can create a book in our program, much like we would create a variable in our program.', 'start': 13881.783, 'duration': 5.284}], 'summary': 'The class specifies creating a book in a program, with a title, author, and pages, similar to creating a variable.', 'duration': 29.402, 'max_score': 13857.665, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c13857665.jpg'}, {'end': 14709.429, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 14683.224, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 14689.65, 'text': 'So now instead of it taking eight lines of code for us to create these objects, it only takes two lines of code.', 'start': 14683.224, 'duration': 6.426}, {'end': 14695.736, 'text': "And I'm calling this constructor and I'm passing in the title that I want to give to the object,", 'start': 14690.19, 'duration': 5.546}, {'end': 14699.78, 'text': 'the author that I want to give to the object and the number of pages I want to give to the object.', 'start': 14695.736, 'duration': 4.044}, {'end': 14706.166, 'text': "And then up here in the constructor, we're assigning the value of title to the title that got passed in,", 'start': 14700.22, 'duration': 5.946}, {'end': 14709.429, 'text': 'the value of author to the author they got passed in, etc.', 'start': 14706.166, 'duration': 3.263}], 'summary': 'Creating objects now only takes two lines of code, reducing the previous eight lines.', 'duration': 26.205, 'max_score': 14683.224, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c14683224.jpg'}, {'end': 14790.564, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 14761.009, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 14764.593, 'text': "So I don't have to manually set it, I can just do it right away.", 'start': 14761.009, 'duration': 3.584}, {'end': 14767.676, 'text': 'And the object has some initial information.', 'start': 14765.093, 'duration': 2.583}, {'end': 14770.559, 'text': 'So that is how constructors can be used.', 'start': 14768.577, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 14772.441, 'text': 'And constructors are extremely useful.', 'start': 14770.579, 'duration': 1.862}, {'end': 14777.026, 'text': "A lot of times when people create classes, they'll create constructors for those classes.", 'start': 14772.461, 'duration': 4.565}, {'end': 14785.802, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about object functions in PHP.", 'start': 14781.36, 'duration': 4.442}, {'end': 14790.564, 'text': 'An object function is basically just a function that we can define inside of a class.', 'start': 14786.302, 'duration': 4.262}], 'summary': 'Constructors automate object setup, making them extremely useful in php classes.', 'duration': 29.555, 'max_score': 14761.009, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c14761009.jpg'}, {'end': 14971.08, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 14942.423, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 14945.544, 'text': "So if the student has honors, then it's going to return true.", 'start': 14942.423, 'duration': 3.121}, {'end': 14949.965, 'text': "If the student doesn't have honors, then it's going to return false.", 'start': 14945.984, 'duration': 3.981}, {'end': 14953.928, 'text': "So I'm actually going to go ahead and start writing this function.", 'start': 14950.365, 'duration': 3.563}, {'end': 14962.253, 'text': "So like I said, the rules for honors is going to be if you have a GPA of 3.5 or above, then we're going to say you have honors.", 'start': 14954.308, 'duration': 7.945}, {'end': 14966.717, 'text': "But if you have a GPA lower than 3.5, then you're not going to have honors.", 'start': 14962.654, 'duration': 4.063}, {'end': 14968.258, 'text': "So you're not going to be on the honor roll.", 'start': 14966.857, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 14971.08, 'text': 'So what I can do is I can just create like a simple if statement.', 'start': 14968.638, 'duration': 2.442}], 'summary': 'A function will determine if a student has honors based on a gpa of 3.5 or above.', 'duration': 28.657, 'max_score': 14942.423, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c14942423.jpg'}], 'start': 13540.064, 'title': 'Php classes, objects, constructors, and functions', 'summary': 'Covers php classes and objects, introduction to constructors, using constructor functions for object creation, and object functions. it demonstrates creating custom data types, reducing code complexity, and simplifying object creation while illustrating examples of book and student objects.', 'chapters': [{'end': 14173.374, 'start': 13540.064, 'title': 'Php classes and objects', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of classes and objects in php, demonstrating how to create custom data types using classes and instantiate objects with specific attributes, such as book titles, authors, and page count.', 'duration': 633.31, 'highlights': ['Classes in PHP allow the creation of custom data types to represent real-world entities, overcoming the limitations of default data types like strings and numbers.', 'Demonstration of creating a book class to model books in a library management software, with attributes such as title, author, and number of pages.', "Instantiating objects based on the book class to represent specific books, such as 'Harry Potter' and 'Lord of the Rings', with distinct titles, authors, and page counts."]}, {'end': 14455.313, 'start': 14173.775, 'title': 'Introduction to php constructors', 'summary': 'Introduces constructors in php, explaining their role in creating objects, passing parameters, and reducing code complexity, with an example illustrating the creation of book objects using constructors.', 'duration': 281.538, 'highlights': ['The constructor is a special function called when creating an object of a class, reducing code complexity by allowing default information to be set for objects in PHP.', "Illustration of passing parameters to constructors, demonstrated by passing names 'Mike' and 'Tom' to create different book objects.", 'Explanation of the significance of constructors in reducing code complexity by showcasing the amount of code required to create book objects without constructors.']}, {'end': 14760.949, 'start': 14455.993, 'title': 'Using constructor function for object creation', 'summary': "Demonstrates how to use a constructor function to simplify the creation of objects, reducing the code from eight to two lines, by passing book title, author, and number of pages as parameters, and assigning these values to the object's attributes.", 'duration': 304.956, 'highlights': ['The constructor function simplifies object creation by reducing the code from eight to two lines.', "The use of 'this' keyword inside the constructor to refer to the current object simplifies the assignment of values to the object's attributes.", 'The constructor allows for easy modification of object values.']}, {'end': 15042.786, 'start': 14761.009, 'title': 'Object functions in php', 'summary': "Discusses the concept of object functions in php, explaining how constructors are used, how object functions can be defined inside a class, and how the function 'has honors' is created to determine if a student is on the honor roll based on their gpa.", 'duration': 281.777, 'highlights': ["The function 'has honors' is created inside the class to return a true or false value based on the student's GPA, with a GPA of 3.5 or above resulting in 'true' and anything lower resulting in 'false'.", 'Constructors are used to initialize objects with initial information, and they are considered extremely useful when creating classes.', 'Object functions are functions defined inside a class that can be used by different objects of that class, which are useful for tasks such as providing information about the current object or modifying it.']}], 'duration': 1502.722, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c13540064.jpg', 'highlights': ['Classes in PHP allow the creation of custom data types to represent real-world entities, overcoming the limitations of default data types like strings and numbers.', 'The constructor function simplifies object creation by reducing the code from eight to two lines.', 'The constructor is a special function called when creating an object of a class, reducing code complexity by allowing default information to be set for objects in PHP.', "The function 'has honors' is created inside the class to return a true or false value based on the student's GPA, with a GPA of 3.5 or above resulting in 'true' and anything lower resulting in 'false'.", 'Demonstration of creating a book class to model books in a library management software, with attributes such as title, author, and number of pages.']}, {'end': 16598.24, 'segs': [{'end': 15158.371, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15131.948, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 15138.03, 'text': 'So every student object can use this has honors function in order to figure out whether or not they have honors.', 'start': 15131.948, 'duration': 6.082}, {'end': 15139.471, 'text': "And here's the thing.", 'start': 15138.67, 'duration': 0.801}, {'end': 15143.215, 'text': "you'll notice that when Jim called this has honors function.", 'start': 15139.471, 'duration': 3.744}, {'end': 15147.62, 'text': "we used Jim's GPA in order to figure out whether or not he had honors.", 'start': 15143.215, 'duration': 4.405}, {'end': 15155.368, 'text': "When Pam called the has honors function, we use Pam's GPA 3.6 in order to figure out whether or not Pam had honors.", 'start': 15148, 'duration': 7.368}, {'end': 15158.371, 'text': 'And this is actually really significant.', 'start': 15155.888, 'duration': 2.483}], 'summary': 'Students can use hashonors function with their gpas to determine honors status.', 'duration': 26.423, 'max_score': 15131.948, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c15131948.jpg'}, {'end': 15255.098, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15214.027, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 15218.851, 'text': "I mean I'm sure we could think of a bunch of other functions that we might want to use on a particular student.", 'start': 15214.027, 'duration': 4.824}, {'end': 15220.593, 'text': 'But hopefully, that makes sense.', 'start': 15219.392, 'duration': 1.201}, {'end': 15227.518, 'text': 'And really what you want to do is, whenever you create a class in PHP, you always want to think about what are the different functions,', 'start': 15220.753, 'duration': 6.765}, {'end': 15230.741, 'text': 'the different object functions that you can include inside of that class.', 'start': 15227.518, 'duration': 3.223}, {'end': 15239.746, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about getters and setters in PHP.", 'start': 15235.203, 'duration': 4.543}, {'end': 15246.231, 'text': 'getters and setters are basically special functions that we can create inside of our PHP classes,', 'start': 15239.746, 'duration': 6.485}, {'end': 15252.136, 'text': 'which allow us to control the access that people have to the attributes of those classes.', 'start': 15246.231, 'duration': 5.905}, {'end': 15255.098, 'text': 'So I understand that that definition might not make any sense.', 'start': 15252.556, 'duration': 2.542}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on creating getters and setters in php classes.', 'duration': 41.071, 'max_score': 15214.027, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c15214027.jpg'}, {'end': 15403.038, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15377.505, 'weight': 9, 'content': [{'end': 15382.308, 'text': "But if you're designing like a real application that's going to be able to store and work with movies,", 'start': 15377.505, 'duration': 4.803}, {'end': 15385.61, 'text': 'you might want to limit the ratings that these movies can have.', 'start': 15382.308, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 15394.936, 'text': 'So you might not want this movie to be to have a rating of dog, right, you might want it to only be able to be one of these valid ratings over here.', 'start': 15385.69, 'duration': 9.246}, {'end': 15403.038, 'text': "And up until this point, we haven't really talked about how we can control what values can be stored inside of these object attributes.", 'start': 15395.456, 'duration': 7.582}], 'summary': 'Designing a movie application with limited movie ratings.', 'duration': 25.533, 'max_score': 15377.505, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c15377505.jpg'}, {'end': 15517.717, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15487.355, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 15494.441, 'text': 'So this brings me to the first point that I want to talk to you guys about in this tutorial, which are called visibility modifiers.', 'start': 15487.355, 'duration': 7.086}, {'end': 15505.071, 'text': "and a visibility modifier is basically a keyword that's going to tell php what code is able to access and use different attributes in our programs.", 'start': 15494.821, 'duration': 10.25}, {'end': 15509.395, 'text': "Now, you'll notice over here that I have this public keyword right here.", 'start': 15505.491, 'duration': 3.904}, {'end': 15517.717, 'text': 'And what this public keyword means is that this attribute is visible to any other code in my PHP program.', 'start': 15510.055, 'duration': 7.662}], 'summary': 'Visibility modifiers in php control access to program attributes, such as the public keyword allowing access to any code.', 'duration': 30.362, 'max_score': 15487.355, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c15487355.jpg'}, {'end': 15674.938, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 15647.798, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 15654.444, 'text': "That's the first step in order to make it so we can only set specific ratings on this movie.", 'start': 15647.798, 'duration': 6.646}, {'end': 15659.727, 'text': 'The second set is going to be creating something called a getter and a setter.', 'start': 15654.844, 'duration': 4.883}, {'end': 15667.793, 'text': 'And getters and setters are special functions that we can write inside of our classes, which will allow the user to set the attribute.', 'start': 15660.108, 'duration': 7.685}, {'end': 15670.294, 'text': "So it'll allow the user to essentially do something like this.", 'start': 15667.873, 'duration': 2.421}, {'end': 15674.938, 'text': "And it'll allow the user to get the attribute essentially do something like this.", 'start': 15670.775, 'duration': 4.163}], 'summary': 'Creating getters and setters to set and get attributes in classes.', 'duration': 27.14, 'max_score': 15647.798, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c15647798.jpg'}, {'end': 16181.226, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 16134.352, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 16135.653, 'text': "And I don't want you guys to get confused.", 'start': 16134.352, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 16143.495, 'text': "But for the most part, people are only going to be using public and private, you won't see people using there too much, although you can use it.", 'start': 16136.613, 'duration': 6.882}, {'end': 16148.996, 'text': 'But remember, public means that the attribute is open to anybody, any program anywhere.', 'start': 16143.755, 'duration': 5.241}, {'end': 16155.718, 'text': 'Private, though, means that only code inside the movie class is going to be able to access this attribute.', 'start': 16149.536, 'duration': 6.182}, {'end': 16163.634, 'text': "In this tutorial, I'm going to talk to you guys about inheritance in PHP.", 'start': 16159.972, 'duration': 3.662}, {'end': 16174.101, 'text': 'Now inheritance is basically where a class can inherit all of the functionality, all the attributes from another class in PHP.', 'start': 16164.115, 'duration': 9.986}, {'end': 16177.604, 'text': 'And this is actually a really useful situation.', 'start': 16174.722, 'duration': 2.882}, {'end': 16181.226, 'text': 'And the best way to kind of wrap your head around inheritance is just to see an example.', 'start': 16177.804, 'duration': 3.422}], 'summary': 'The tutorial discusses the concepts of public and private attributes in php, as well as inheritance, which allows a class to inherit functionality and attributes from another class.', 'duration': 46.874, 'max_score': 16134.352, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c16134352.jpg'}, {'end': 16308.8, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 16281.861, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 16287.146, 'text': 'And down here in the Italian chef class, I could, you know, write some functions or some attributes or whatever.', 'start': 16281.861, 'duration': 5.285}, {'end': 16295.932, 'text': "let's say that in our program, we wanted the italian chef to be able to do everything that the normal chef could do, plus a bunch of other stuff.", 'start': 16287.506, 'duration': 8.426}, {'end': 16305.318, 'text': 'right. so, just like this normal chef, the italian chef can also make chicken, make salad and make a special dish.', 'start': 16295.932, 'duration': 9.386}, {'end': 16308.8, 'text': 'so the italian chef can do everything that the normal chef can do.', 'start': 16305.318, 'duration': 3.482}], 'summary': 'Italian chef class can perform all tasks of a normal chef, plus additional functions.', 'duration': 26.939, 'max_score': 16281.861, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c16281861.jpg'}], 'start': 15043.306, 'title': 'Object functions, getters and setters, public and private attributes, and inheritance in php', 'summary': 'Explains the significance of object functions for determining honors qualifications, discusses getters and setters in php classes, demonstrates the use of public and private attributes, and introduces inheritance in php with practical examples.', 'chapters': [{'end': 15214.027, 'start': 15043.306, 'title': 'Object functions and honors qualifications', 'summary': 'Explains how object functions can be defined once and used across multiple instances of a class to determine honors qualifications based on individual gpas, showcasing the power and significance of object functions in object-oriented programming.', 'duration': 170.721, 'highlights': ['The significance of object functions is demonstrated through the ability to define a function once and then use it across multiple instances of a class, exemplifying the reusability and efficiency of object-oriented programming.', "The function 'has honors' is utilized to determine honors qualifications based on individual GPAs, showcasing its practical application in specifying qualifications for honors.", "The function 'has honors' allowed for the determination of honors qualifications for specific instances, with Pam qualifying for honors with a GPA of 3.6 and Jim not qualifying with a GPA of 2.8, providing tangible examples of the function's functionality."]}, {'end': 15564.433, 'start': 15214.027, 'title': 'Getters and setters in php', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of getters and setters in php classes, explaining their purpose and demonstrating the use of visibility modifiers to control access to class attributes, such as the movie rating, to ensure valid values are assigned.', 'duration': 350.406, 'highlights': ['Explaining the purpose of getters and setters in PHP classes', 'Demonstrating the use of visibility modifiers to control access to class attributes', 'Discussing the need to limit the ratings that movies can have to a predefined set of values']}, {'end': 16155.718, 'start': 15564.713, 'title': 'Understanding public and private attributes', 'summary': "Explains the concept of public and private attributes in a class, demonstrating the use of private attribute 'rating' and the implementation of getter and setter functions to control access to the attribute, ensuring only valid ratings can be set, thus making the attribute impossible to access or set outside the class.", 'duration': 591.005, 'highlights': ['The concept of public and private attributes in a class', 'Implementation of getter and setter functions to control access to the attribute', 'Enforcing the setting of only valid ratings']}, {'end': 16598.24, 'start': 16159.972, 'title': 'Inheritance in php', 'summary': 'Introduces inheritance in php, demonstrating how a subclass can inherit all functionality and attributes from a superclass, with an example of an italian chef inheriting from a normal chef and overriding a function to make a different special dish.', 'duration': 438.268, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces inheritance in PHP, demonstrating how a subclass can inherit all functionality and attributes from a superclass.', 'An example of an Italian chef inheriting from a normal chef and overriding a function to make a different special dish is provided.', 'The demonstration emphasizes the utility of inheritance as PHP programs get more complex, highlighting its usefulness for code organization and reusability.']}], 'duration': 1554.934, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/OK_JCtrrv-c/pics/OK_JCtrrv-c15043306.jpg', 'highlights': ['The significance of object functions is demonstrated through the ability to define a function once and then use it across multiple instances of a class, exemplifying the reusability and efficiency of object-oriented programming.', "The function 'has honors' is utilized to determine honors qualifications based on individual GPAs, showcasing its practical application in specifying qualifications for honors.", "The function 'has honors' allowed for the determination of honors qualifications for specific instances, with Pam qualifying for honors with a GPA of 3.6 and Jim not qualifying with a GPA of 2.8, providing tangible examples of the function's functionality.", 'The chapter introduces inheritance in PHP, demonstrating how a subclass can inherit all functionality and attributes from a superclass.', 'An example of an Italian chef inheriting from a normal chef and overriding a function to make a different special dish is provided.', 'Explaining the purpose of getters and setters in PHP classes', 'Demonstrating the use of visibility modifiers to control access to class attributes', 'The concept of public and private attributes in a class', 'Implementation of getter and setter functions to control access to the attribute', 'Discussing the need to limit the ratings that movies can have to a predefined set of values', 'Enforcing the setting of only valid ratings']}], 'highlights': ['PHP integrates well with HTML, allowing code to be written alongside HTML for seamless functionality.', 'PHP is a great language for web development, with millions of websites and web applications currently using it.', 'The chapter covers the basics of PHP, including installation, setting up, creating the first PHP file, interacting with HTML, and using PHP with HTML to make websites more powerful.', "The tutorial demonstrates how to download and extract PHP files, configure the Windows path variable, and set up a PHP server using the command 'PHP -S localhost:4000' to create a web server for running PHP files.", 'The chapter explains setting up a PHP server and creating a document root where PHP will start looking for files to run.', 'The echo command in PHP allows the rendering of HTML content, such as headers and paragraphs, emphasizing the flexibility to include any valid HTML within the command.', 'Introduced the concept of variables in PHP and demonstrated using them to efficiently update and manage data values throughout the program.', 'A simple program is demonstrated, echoing out a story onto the screen using variables.', "Practical example of updating the character's name from 'John' to 'Tom' and age from '35' to '80', illustrating the ease of modifying the values of variables and their impact on the program.", 'Introduction to data types in PHP, covering strings, integers, decimal numbers, and Booleans, and their usage in representing different types of information.', 'The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding Boolean and null data types in PHP, which will be useful in upcoming PHP programming, and highlights their significance in storing true or false values and denoting no value.', 'Usage of string functions in PHP to obtain information about strings or modify them, showcasing the versatility of working with strings.', 'An in-depth overview of number manipulation, including arithmetic operations, variable utilization.', 'The importance of understanding and working with numbers in programming is emphasized, as numbers are the most common type of data used in programs.', 'The chapter introduces various math functions available in PHP, including logarithms, sine, cosine, and tangent, emphasizing the plethora of math functions available.', 'The chapter explains the process of creating a web calculator using HTML and PHP, focusing on the user input of two numbers and the addition process.', 'The demonstration of adding two numbers together using PHP, with an example of entering 10 and 21 resulting in 31, showcases the functionality of the web calculator.', 'The chapter emphasizes the process of taking user-input words and incorporating them into a predefined story, promoting interactive storytelling in PHP.', 'The chapter discusses URL parameters in PHP, demonstrating how to use GET method to pass values into PHP program and securely obtain user information using form methods GET and POST, emphasizing the importance of secure data transfer.', "The program allows users to input a custom color, plural noun, and a celebrity's name to modify a classic poem, enhancing user engagement.", 'The tutorial demonstrates how to create checkboxes for selecting favorite fruits and store the selected values in an array, allowing the user to submit multiple pieces of information, exemplifying the usage of arrays in a real-world scenario.', 'The chapter introduces the concept of if statements in PHP, emphasizing its function in making decisions and allowing programs to respond to different information, ultimately making programs smarter.', 'The function is modified to handle three inputs by using if-else statements with comparison operators like greater than or equal to, and successfully returns the maximum value, as demonstrated with test cases (e.g., 300, 400, 900, 3000).', 'The process of comparing two values using if statements results in a true or false value, which can be used as a condition for executing specific code.', 'The get max function is demonstrated, where if num one is greater than num two, num one is returned; otherwise, num two is returned, effectively determining the maximum of the two numbers.', 'The use of include statements makes websites more modular by breaking them into reusable components, such as headers, footers, navigation lists, and breadcrumbs, which can be included in different pages.', 'Classes in PHP allow the creation of custom data types to represent real-world entities, overcoming the limitations of default data types like strings and numbers.', 'The constructor function simplifies object creation by reducing the code from eight to two lines.', 'The significance of object functions is demonstrated through the ability to define a function once and then use it across multiple instances of a class, exemplifying the reusability and efficiency of object-oriented programming.', 'The chapter introduces inheritance in PHP, demonstrating how a subclass can inherit all functionality and attributes from a superclass.']}