title
Python Tutorial for Beginners | Python Programming Language Tutorial | Python Training | Edureka

description
🔵 Edureka Python Training (Flat 20% Off, Use Code "𝐘𝐎𝐔𝐓𝐔𝐁𝐄𝟐𝟎") : https://www.edureka.co/data-science-python-certification-course 🔵 Python Masters Program: https://www.edureka.co/masters-program/python-developer-training This Edureka Python Tutorial for Beginners (Python Tutorial Blog: https://goo.gl/wd28Zr) will help you lean Python fundamentals with examples in detail. Python programming language is a must learn programming language. This Python tutorial video helps you to learn the following topics: 00:00 Agenda 00:59 Introduction to Python 02:30 Who uses Python? 03:49 Features of Python 07:36 Installing and running Python 09:08 PyCharm IDE Installation 10:39 Operators in Python 11:02 Arithmetic Operators 18:46 Assignment Operators 19:19 Comparison Operators 22:42 Logical Operators 25:56 Bitwise Operators 32:51 Identity Operators 33:35 Membership Operators 34:53 Data Types in Python 36:24 Numbers 37:22 Strings 48:14 Tuples 53:34 Lists 58:05 Dictionaries 01:05:02 Sets 01:09:33 Flow Control 01:10:34 if statement 01:12:02 if else statement 01:16:57 while statement 01:21:26 for statement 01:30:27 break statement 01:32:28 continue statement 01:34:24 Functions in Python 01:36:40 Pass By Reference 01:40:15 File Handling in Python 01:45:07 Conclusion Check out our Python Playlist: https://goo.gl/Na1p9G Check out our Python Blog List: https://bit.ly/2ychSCq Subscribe to our channel to get video updates. Hit the subscribe button above. PG in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning with NIT Warangal : https://www.edureka.co/post-graduate/machine-learning-and-ai Post Graduate Certification in Data Science with IIT Guwahati - https://www.edureka.co/post-graduate/data-science-program (450+ Hrs || 9 Months || 20+ Projects & 100+ Case studies) Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/edureka_learning/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/edurekain LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edureka Telegram: https://t.me/edurekaupdates #Edureka #PythonEdureka #Pythontutorial #Python #Pythononlinetraining #Pythonforbeginners #PythonProgramming #PythonLanguage How it Works? 1. This is a 5 Week Instructor led Online Course,40 hours of assignment and 20 hours of project work 2. We have a 24x7 One-on-One LIVE Technical Support to help you with any problems you might face or any clarifications you may require during the course. 3. At the end of the training you will be working on a real time project for which we will provide you a Grade and a Verifiable Certificate! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - About the Course Edureka's Python Online Certification Training will make you an expert in Python programming. It will also help you learn Python the Big data way with integration of Machine learning, Pig, Hive and Web Scraping through beautiful soup. During our Python Certification training, our instructors will help you: 1. Master the Basic and Advanced Concepts of Python 2. Understand Python Scripts on UNIX/Windows, Python Editors and IDEs 3. Master the Concepts of Sequences and File operations 4. Learn how to use and create functions, sorting different elements, Lambda function, error handling techniques and Regular expressions ans using modules in Python 5. Gain expertise in machine learning using Python and build a Real Life Machine Learning application 6. Understand the supervised and unsupervised learning and concepts of Scikit-Learn 7. Master the concepts of MapReduce in Hadoop 8. Learn to write Complex MapReduce programs 9. Understand what is PIG and HIVE, Streaming feature in Hadoop, MapReduce job running with Python 10. Implementing a PIG UDF in Python, Writing a HIVE UDF in Python, Pydoop and/Or MRjob Basics 11. Master the concepts of Web scraping in Python 12. Work on a Real Life Project on Big Data Analytics using Python and gain Hands on Project Experience - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Why learn Python? Programmers love Python because of how fast and easy it is to use. Python cuts development time in half with its simple to read syntax and easy compilation feature. Debugging your programs is a breeze in Python with its built in debugger. Using Python makes Programmers more productive and their programs ultimately better. Python runs on Windows, Linux/Unix, Mac OS and has been ported to Java and .NET virtual machines. Python is free to use, even for the commercial products, because of its OSI-approved open source license. Python has evolved as the most preferred Language for Data Analytics and the increasing search trends on python also indicates that Python is the next "Big Thing" and a must for Professionals in the Data Analytics domain. For more information, Please write back to us at sales@edureka.in or call us at IND: 9606058406 / US: 18338555775 (toll free)

detail
{'title': 'Python Tutorial for Beginners | Python Programming Language Tutorial | Python Training | Edureka', 'heatmap': [{'end': 702.229, 'start': 635.248, 'weight': 0.765}, {'end': 2038.653, 'start': 1902.399, 'weight': 0.853}, {'end': 2168.597, 'start': 2100.381, 'weight': 0.822}, {'end': 2551.445, 'start': 2484.571, 'weight': 0.86}, {'end': 3571.044, 'start': 3438.462, 'weight': 0.757}, {'end': 5866.66, 'start': 5731.269, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'Tutorial on python for beginners covers python fundamentals, industry usage, installation, arithmetic operators, bitwise and membership operators, data types, string operations, flow control, looping, for loop applications, break and continue statements, functions, and file handling basics, providing practical examples and insights into key features and usages, making it a comprehensive resource for learning python development.', 'chapters': [{'end': 447.872, 'segs': [{'end': 44.988, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 21.055, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 28.579, 'text': "Now we'll begin the session by first having an introduction to Python and we'll understand who uses Python in the industry and for what purpose.", 'start': 21.055, 'duration': 7.524}, {'end': 35.663, 'text': "After that we'll be looking at some of the main features that Python has to offer as well as the various operators and data types in Python.", 'start': 29.22, 'duration': 6.443}, {'end': 39.785, 'text': "Then we'll look at the flow control management in Python and functions in Python.", 'start': 36.243, 'duration': 3.542}, {'end': 44.988, 'text': "Now finally towards the end of our session we'll be discussing how you can perform file handling using Python.", 'start': 40.266, 'duration': 4.722}], 'summary': 'Introduction to python, main features, data types, flow control, functions, and file handling covered in the session.', 'duration': 23.933, 'max_score': 21.055, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak21055.jpg'}, {'end': 92.092, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 67.502, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 72.926, 'text': 'Now, Python follows an interpreted logic compared to the compiler logic which most other programming languages follow.', 'start': 67.502, 'duration': 5.424}, {'end': 79.111, 'text': 'Apart from that, it is an object-oriented programming language as well as a high-level programming language with dynamic semantics.', 'start': 73.427, 'duration': 5.684}, {'end': 85.787, 'text': 'Now you can see in the image below, Python follows both object oriented programming style as well as procedural programming style.', 'start': 80.063, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 88.809, 'text': 'And it is a high level language and is one of the easiest to pick.', 'start': 86.248, 'duration': 2.561}, {'end': 92.092, 'text': 'So I have my first question here.', 'start': 90.671, 'duration': 1.421}], 'summary': 'Python is an interpreted, high-level, object-oriented language, known for its ease of use.', 'duration': 24.59, 'max_score': 67.502, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak67502.jpg'}, {'end': 180.879, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 151.089, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 154.772, 'text': 'Now here are eight companies that make use of Python in different domains.', 'start': 151.089, 'duration': 3.683}, {'end': 161.777, 'text': 'When I say domains again, I refer how Python is being used for various application development, various fields of interest again.', 'start': 155.092, 'duration': 6.685}, {'end': 163.338, 'text': 'So let me give you a better idea.', 'start': 162.097, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 164.379, 'text': "So let's look at YouTube.", 'start': 163.358, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 168.382, 'text': 'Now YouTube is one of the most popular video sharing services present today.', 'start': 164.959, 'duration': 3.423}, {'end': 171.205, 'text': 'Now YouTube is largely written using Python.', 'start': 168.962, 'duration': 2.243}, {'end': 174.69, 'text': 'So there Python is being used as a scripting as well as a programming language.', 'start': 171.245, 'duration': 3.445}, {'end': 180.879, 'text': 'Again when you look at Google, which is its parent company, it uses Python to improve its web search systems.', 'start': 175.211, 'duration': 5.668}], 'summary': 'Python is used by eight companies in various domains, including youtube and google for web search systems.', 'duration': 29.79, 'max_score': 151.089, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak151089.jpg'}, {'end': 255.186, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 230.092, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 235.056, 'text': 'and these are the key features based on which Python is being used so widely across in the industry.', 'start': 230.092, 'duration': 4.964}, {'end': 239.296, 'text': 'Now to start off, you can see Python is simple and easy to learn.', 'start': 235.953, 'duration': 3.343}, {'end': 245.281, 'text': 'Now, the reason that Python is simple and easy to learn is mainly because it resembles the English language a lot,', 'start': 239.636, 'duration': 5.645}, {'end': 251.226, 'text': "and when you check out the other programming languages compared to them, it's quite easy to read and write programs in Python.", 'start': 245.281, 'duration': 5.945}, {'end': 255.186, 'text': 'Now after that, Python is also a free and open source program.', 'start': 251.943, 'duration': 3.243}], 'summary': "Python's widespread use is due to its simplicity, resembling english language, and being open source.", 'duration': 25.094, 'max_score': 230.092, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak230092.jpg'}], 'start': 0.069, 'title': "Python's fundamentals, features, and industry usage", 'summary': "Covers python's fundamentals, main features, operators, data types, flow control, and file handling, emphasizing its ease of learning and differences from other languages. it also discusses python's industry usage, with examples from companies like youtube, google, nasa, and nsa, highlighting its key features including simplicity, open-source nature, high-level programming, portability, support for different paradigms, and extendability to other languages.", 'chapters': [{'end': 126.926, 'start': 0.069, 'title': 'Python fundamentals and features', 'summary': "Focuses on building fundamental knowledge in python, covering its main features, operators, data types, flow control management, and file handling, with an emphasis on python's ease of learning and its differences from other programming languages.", 'duration': 126.857, 'highlights': ['Python follows an interpreted logic compared to the compiler logic which most other programming languages follow, making it one of the easiest languages to pick up.', 'The session covers an introduction to Python, its main features, various operators and data types, flow control management, functions, and file handling, emphasizing the importance of fundamental knowledge in mastering any programming language.', 'Python was created by Guido Rossum in 1989, and it is an object-oriented programming language as well as a high-level programming language with dynamic semantics.', 'The difference between an interpreter and a compiler is explained, where an interpreter reads every line individually and stops processing at the first error, while a compiler processes the entire code in one go and provides a complete list of errors.', 'Python follows both object-oriented programming style as well as procedural programming style, and it is highlighted as a high-level language and one of the easiest to pick.']}, {'end': 447.872, 'start': 129.006, 'title': 'Python in industry', 'summary': "Discusses the widespread industry usage of python, citing examples of companies such as youtube, google, nasa, and nsa, and highlights python's key features including simplicity, open-source nature, high-level programming, portability, support for different programming paradigms, and extendability to other languages.", 'duration': 318.866, 'highlights': ['Python is widely used in various domains and organizations, with examples including YouTube, Google, NASA, and NSA. Python is used by companies like YouTube, Google, NASA, and NSA for various purposes such as video sharing, web search systems improvement, scientific programming tasks, and cryptographic analysis.', "Python's key features include simplicity, open-source nature, high-level programming, portability, support for different programming paradigms, and extendability to other languages. Python's key features include its simplicity, open-source nature, high-level programming, portability across platforms, support for object-oriented and procedure-oriented programming paradigms, and extendability to integrate with other languages.", "Python's simplicity and ease of learning are highlighted, with a comparison to Java and C++ in terms of code length. Python is described as simple and easy to learn, with a comparison to Java and C++ in terms of code length, where Python requires significantly fewer lines of code for equivalent functionality."]}], 'duration': 447.803, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak69.jpg', 'highlights': ['Python follows an interpreted logic, making it one of the easiest languages to pick up.', 'Python covers an introduction to its main features, operators, data types, flow control, and file handling.', 'Python was created by Guido Rossum in 1989, and it is an object-oriented and high-level programming language.', 'Python is widely used in various domains and organizations, including YouTube, Google, NASA, and NSA.', "Python's key features include simplicity, open-source nature, high-level programming, portability, support for different programming paradigms, and extendability to other languages."]}, {'end': 1485.761, 'segs': [{'end': 535.662, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 510.193, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 515.895, 'text': 'so this is mainly because there are still organizations that make use of Python version 2.7..', 'start': 510.193, 'duration': 5.702}, {'end': 524.217, 'text': "So what Python has done is it's not stopped completely development with version 2.7, but still it keeps adding new features to Python 3.6.", 'start': 515.895, 'duration': 8.322}, {'end': 530.661, 'text': "So I'd recommend you follow 3.6 version itself, and 2.7 is mainly for those organizations that are still working on 2.7 version.", 'start': 524.217, 'duration': 6.444}, {'end': 535.662, 'text': "There's not much difference, but certain differences are there with respect to syntax, don't worry.", 'start': 531.641, 'duration': 4.021}], 'summary': 'Python 2.7 still used by some organizations, but python 3.6 is recommended for new features and development.', 'duration': 25.469, 'max_score': 510.193, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak510193.jpg'}, {'end': 573.34, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 549.426, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 556.767, 'text': "Now, I'd recommend that you download PyCharm IDE, as this is one of the most popular and widely used IDE, and it's very simple to use as well.", 'start': 549.426, 'duration': 7.341}, {'end': 558.528, 'text': 'Okay, so.', 'start': 557.928, 'duration': 0.6}, {'end': 561.632, 'text': 'John is asking me why do I need a separate IDE.', 'start': 559.591, 'duration': 2.041}, {'end': 569.438, 'text': 'So John, when you install Python, by default an IDE provided by Python is already installed in your system that is Idle.', 'start': 562.313, 'duration': 7.125}, {'end': 573.34, 'text': "But let's say you're working on multiple files that are related to each other.", 'start': 569.898, 'duration': 3.442}], 'summary': 'Pycharm ide is recommended for its popularity, ease of use, and support for working on related files.', 'duration': 23.914, 'max_score': 549.426, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak549426.jpg'}, {'end': 706.534, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 620.069, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 627.298, 'text': "All right, so now that all of you have downloaded and installed PyCharm, it'll be really helpful for us to simultaneously learn and work it out.", 'start': 620.069, 'duration': 7.229}, {'end': 631.003, 'text': "So when I'm showing you an example, you can simultaneously try it out parallelly.", 'start': 627.639, 'duration': 3.364}, {'end': 634.627, 'text': "So in case if you're not clear or if you're stuck at any point, I can help you out.", 'start': 631.283, 'duration': 3.344}, {'end': 638.23, 'text': "So let's move forward and look at the operators present in Python.", 'start': 635.248, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 641.693, 'text': 'Now there are mainly seven different types of operators present in Python.', 'start': 638.671, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 648.418, 'text': 'Now the first is the arithmetic operator, then we have the assignment operator, then comparison operator, logical operator,', 'start': 642.073, 'duration': 6.345}, {'end': 653.461, 'text': 'following that is bitwise operator, after that is the identity operator and finally we have the membership operator.', 'start': 648.418, 'duration': 5.043}, {'end': 659.646, 'text': "Now don't worry, we'll be looking at each of them individually as well as what and all operators they have present in these domains.", 'start': 653.942, 'duration': 5.704}, {'end': 662.419, 'text': 'Now first off we look at arithmetic operators.', 'start': 660.558, 'duration': 1.861}, {'end': 668.562, 'text': "Now these are simple mathematical operators that you've seen earlier, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.", 'start': 662.719, 'duration': 5.843}, {'end': 676.186, 'text': 'And apart from these four basic operators, you also have exponential operator, modulus operator, and flow division operator.', 'start': 669.202, 'duration': 6.984}, {'end': 683.612, 'text': "Now, when we talk about the exponential operator, basically when you have to write a number to the exponential power, let's say five power 10,", 'start': 676.886, 'duration': 6.726}, {'end': 685.774, 'text': "then you'd be representing five to the power 10.", 'start': 683.612, 'duration': 2.162}, {'end': 691.839, 'text': "normally, but in case, while you're using it on Python, it will be written five double star 10..", 'start': 685.774, 'duration': 6.065}, {'end': 696.764, 'text': "So here you can see we've written two double star three, that is two to the power three, gives us the answer of eight.", 'start': 691.839, 'duration': 4.925}, {'end': 698.986, 'text': 'Now after that is a modulus division.', 'start': 697.324, 'duration': 1.662}, {'end': 702.229, 'text': 'Now normal division basically gives us the quotient of dividing.', 'start': 699.346, 'duration': 2.883}, {'end': 706.534, 'text': 'But in case of a modulus division, we actually get the reminder here.', 'start': 702.61, 'duration': 3.924}], 'summary': 'Learning pycharm while exploring seven types of python operators with examples.', 'duration': 86.465, 'max_score': 620.069, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak620069.jpg'}, {'end': 873.448, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 834.244, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 835.465, 'text': "And then we'll look at division.", 'start': 834.244, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 844.791, 'text': 'Then we had discussed three new operators that were exponential power, modulus, and flow division.', 'start': 839.528, 'duration': 5.263}, {'end': 846.592, 'text': 'So let me just give you examples for them as well.', 'start': 844.811, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 850.515, 'text': "Let's say for exponential power, I'm gonna compute five power three.", 'start': 847.013, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 860.582, 'text': "For modulus, let's say I'm gonna divide 20 by three.", 'start': 858.44, 'duration': 2.142}, {'end': 873.448, 'text': "And finally, for flow division, to help you understand, let's take a very popular example.", 'start': 869.286, 'duration': 4.162}], 'summary': 'Covered new operators like exponential power, modulus, and floor division with examples.', 'duration': 39.204, 'max_score': 834.244, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak834244.jpg'}, {'end': 938.604, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 915.27, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 922.174, 'text': 'So you have the results here, addition you have 10, full subtraction minus 10, multiplication 200, and division 0.5.', 'start': 915.27, 'duration': 6.904}, {'end': 930.279, 'text': 'Now five to the power three has given me 1.125, and then when I modulus divide 20 by three, I get a reminder of two.', 'start': 922.174, 'duration': 8.105}, {'end': 933.982, 'text': 'Finally, we had seen when we do perform flow division.', 'start': 930.78, 'duration': 3.202}, {'end': 938.604, 'text': 'the value, which is supposed to be 3.14, followed by multiple digits, has been rounded off to three.', 'start': 933.982, 'duration': 4.622}], 'summary': 'Results: addition 10, subtraction -10, multiplication 200, division 0.5. exponentiation 5^3 = 1.125, modulus 20%3 = 2. flow division resulted in 3.14 rounded to 3.', 'duration': 23.334, 'max_score': 915.27, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak915270.jpg'}, {'end': 1181.577, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1154.413, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1158.155, 'text': "So let's move forward to the next operator that is the comparison operator.", 'start': 1154.413, 'duration': 3.742}, {'end': 1161.996, 'text': 'Now using the comparison operator you can compare two operands.', 'start': 1158.915, 'duration': 3.081}, {'end': 1166.097, 'text': 'So we have the greater than, less than, equal to and not equal to.', 'start': 1162.376, 'duration': 3.721}, {'end': 1173.56, 'text': "So, in case, if you were not clear earlier, single equal to when you're using is considered to be an assignment operator,", 'start': 1166.657, 'duration': 6.903}, {'end': 1177.481, 'text': "and double equal to is a comparison operator where you're comparing both the operands.", 'start': 1173.56, 'duration': 3.921}, {'end': 1181.577, 'text': 'Now the output of a comparison operator is always a Boolean value.', 'start': 1178.496, 'duration': 3.081}], 'summary': 'Comparison operators compare operands, outputting boolean value.', 'duration': 27.164, 'max_score': 1154.413, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak1154413.jpg'}], 'start': 448.852, 'title': 'Python installation and arithmetic operators', 'summary': 'Covers the installation of python (version 3.6) and pycharm ide, explaining the need for a separate ide, followed by an explanation of arithmetic operators in python. it also covers arithmetic operations with results such as addition: 10, subtraction: -10, multiplication: 200, and division: 0.5, as well as examples of flow division, modulus division, and rounding off. additionally, it explains the usage and examples of assignment, comparison, and logical operators, providing insights into their functionalities and outputs.', 'chapters': [{'end': 912.44, 'start': 448.852, 'title': 'Python installation and arithmetic operators', 'summary': 'Covers the installation of python (version 3.6) and pycharm ide, explaining the need for a separate ide, followed by an explanation of arithmetic operators in python, including examples and demonstration in pycharm.', 'duration': 463.588, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the installation of Python (version 3.6) and PyCharm IDE, explaining the need for a separate IDE. It emphasizes the importance of installing Python 3.6 and PyCharm IDE, and explains the need for a separate IDE when working on multiple related files or projects.', 'An explanation of arithmetic operators in Python, including examples and demonstration in PyCharm. It provides a detailed explanation of arithmetic operators in Python, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponential power, modulus, and floor division, along with demonstrations in PyCharm.', 'Python 3.6 is recommended for industry use, while Python 2.7 is mainly for organizations still working on that version. It clarifies that Python 3.6 is recommended for industry use, while Python 2.7 is still utilized by certain organizations, and highlights the differences between the two versions.']}, {'end': 1485.761, 'start': 915.27, 'title': 'Arithmetic, assignment, comparison, and logical operators', 'summary': 'Covers arithmetic operations with results such as addition: 10, subtraction: -10, multiplication: 200, and division: 0.5, as well as examples of flow division, modulus division, and rounding off. it also explains the usage and examples of assignment, comparison, and logical operators, providing insights into their functionalities and outputs.', 'duration': 570.491, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers arithmetic operations with results such as addition: 10, subtraction: -10, multiplication: 200, and division: 0.5. addition: 10, subtraction: -10, multiplication: 200, division: 0.5', 'Examples of flow division, modulus division, and rounding off are provided, such as 5 to the power 3 resulting in 1.125 and modulus dividing 20 by 3 giving a remainder of 2. 5 to the power 3 resulting in 1.125, modulus dividing 20 by 3 giving a remainder of 2', 'The usage and examples of assignment, comparison, and logical operators are explained, providing insights into their functionalities and outputs. examples of assignment, comparison, and logical operators']}], 'duration': 1036.909, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak448852.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the installation of Python (version 3.6) and PyCharm IDE, explaining the need for a separate IDE.', 'An explanation of arithmetic operators in Python, including examples and demonstration in PyCharm.', 'Python 3.6 is recommended for industry use, while Python 2.7 is mainly for organizations still working on that version.', 'The chapter covers arithmetic operations with results such as addition: 10, subtraction: -10, multiplication: 200, and division: 0.5.', 'Examples of flow division, modulus division, and rounding off are provided, such as 5 to the power 3 resulting in 1.125 and modulus dividing 20 by 3 giving a remainder of 2.', 'The usage and examples of assignment, comparison, and logical operators are explained, providing insights into their functionalities and outputs.']}, {'end': 2088.231, 'segs': [{'end': 1587.856, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1524.73, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1531.151, 'text': "So in case of you're using an if, where you have to specify multiple conditions, then these logical operators come into handy.", 'start': 1524.73, 'duration': 6.421}, {'end': 1532.252, 'text': "Now, don't worry,", 'start': 1531.592, 'duration': 0.66}, {'end': 1539.693, 'text': "I'll be showing you a case where you'll be using multiple conditions inside an if statement and you'll be using a logical operator to connect them.", 'start': 1532.252, 'duration': 7.441}, {'end': 1547.72, 'text': 'So any other doubts with respect to logical operators? All right, so seems like everyone is clear.', 'start': 1540.794, 'duration': 6.926}, {'end': 1551.663, 'text': "So let's move forward and look at bitwise operators.", 'start': 1549.281, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 1555.005, 'text': 'Now when we talk about bitwise operators.', 'start': 1552.503, 'duration': 2.502}, {'end': 1561.248, 'text': 'these operators are similar to your logical operators, but what is important is that you understand how they work.', 'start': 1555.005, 'duration': 6.243}, {'end': 1568.132, 'text': 'So in case of a bitwise operator, what happens is that the value that you specify, its bit value is considered.', 'start': 1561.729, 'duration': 6.403}, {'end': 1572.015, 'text': "So let's say in case if you're performing bitwise R on seven and five.", 'start': 1568.193, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 1578.268, 'text': 'Now what happens is that 7 is converted to its bit value, that is 1, 1, 1.', 'start': 1572.864, 'duration': 5.404}, {'end': 1581.07, 'text': '5 is converted to its bit value, 1, 0, 1.', 'start': 1578.268, 'duration': 2.802}, {'end': 1585.654, 'text': 'And then individually on these numbers you would be performing bitwise operations.', 'start': 1581.07, 'duration': 4.584}, {'end': 1587.856, 'text': 'So here in this case you would be performing OR.', 'start': 1585.734, 'duration': 2.122}], 'summary': 'Teaching logical and bitwise operators with examples and explanations.', 'duration': 63.126, 'max_score': 1524.73, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak1524730.jpg'}, {'end': 1652.148, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1628.674, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1636.219, 'text': 'Now in the XOR operator, the output is given as one, only in case if you have odd number of ones as input.', 'start': 1628.674, 'duration': 7.545}, {'end': 1639.541, 'text': 'So you can see if you have two ones, then the output is zero.', 'start': 1636.659, 'duration': 2.882}, {'end': 1643.603, 'text': 'In case if you have one, one and a zero, then the output is one.', 'start': 1640.021, 'duration': 3.582}, {'end': 1647.285, 'text': 'So the XOR of seven and five is giving us an output of two.', 'start': 1643.983, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 1652.148, 'text': 'So let me show you an example of this, so that will help you understand better.', 'start': 1648.466, 'duration': 3.682}], 'summary': 'Xor operator outputs 1 for odd number of ones; 7 xor 5 = 2.', 'duration': 23.474, 'max_score': 1628.674, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak1628674.jpg'}, {'end': 1841.602, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1812.5, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1818.978, 'text': 'Are you clear? Okay so apart from these three bitwise operations we have two more bitwise operations.', 'start': 1812.5, 'duration': 6.478}, {'end': 1822.041, 'text': 'The first is the left shift and the second is the right shift.', 'start': 1819.298, 'duration': 2.743}, {'end': 1829.567, 'text': 'Now when we talk about left shift and right shift what basically happens is that first the value is converted to a bit representation.', 'start': 1822.741, 'duration': 6.826}, {'end': 1835.853, 'text': "So here in case we are taking three and then what happens is you're going to specify which type of shift you want to perform.", 'start': 1829.727, 'duration': 6.126}, {'end': 1841.602, 'text': "So, in case, if you're going to perform a left shift, then you're going to be using two smaller than signs.", 'start': 1836.233, 'duration': 5.369}], 'summary': 'Introduction to left shift and right shift bitwise operations.', 'duration': 29.102, 'max_score': 1812.5, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak1812500.jpg'}, {'end': 2038.653, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1902.399, 'weight': 0.853, 'content': [{'end': 1912.787, 'text': "Let's say we're gonna perform left shift on num five, so num five left shift by again two positions.", 'start': 1902.399, 'duration': 10.388}, {'end': 1919.092, 'text': "So let's just see what values we get as the output.", 'start': 1916.81, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 1929.338, 'text': 'So, if you run it, you get the value as one, because the first, the zero, gets discarded and gets replaced by one.', 'start': 1920.233, 'duration': 9.105}, {'end': 1932.241, 'text': 'similarly, that one gets discarded and replaced by the second one.', 'start': 1929.338, 'duration': 2.903}, {'end': 1937.746, 'text': 'So you have one zero, zero that gets translated to one, and when we look at the left shift,', 'start': 1932.721, 'duration': 5.025}, {'end': 1942.47, 'text': "operator two goes to fourth's place and then from fourth's place it goes to eighth's place.", 'start': 1937.746, 'duration': 4.724}, {'end': 1945.013, 'text': "So again you've shifted to the left by two places.", 'start': 1942.991, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 1955.295, 'text': "So are you clear with respect to left shift and right shift? All right, so I've got a confirmation from John, Matthew, Ajay, that's great to see.", 'start': 1945.433, 'duration': 9.862}, {'end': 1958.457, 'text': "Now moving forward, let's look at the identity operator.", 'start': 1955.835, 'duration': 2.622}, {'end': 1966.544, 'text': "Now, the identity operator is something that is really helpful when you're writing long codes and you're not sure of the current value of that variable.", 'start': 1959.718, 'duration': 6.826}, {'end': 1972.048, 'text': 'So instead of always printing and checking out the value, what you can do is that you can use an identity variable.', 'start': 1967.104, 'duration': 4.944}, {'end': 1974.518, 'text': "Now let's look at the example mentioned here.", 'start': 1972.677, 'duration': 1.841}, {'end': 1977.44, 'text': 'So you can see x has been declared as five.', 'start': 1975.138, 'duration': 2.302}, {'end': 1981.302, 'text': "Now somewhere between my program, I'm not sure if x is equal to five.", 'start': 1977.96, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 1986.704, 'text': "So what I'm gonna do is that I'm gonna use x is equal to five, and then check the corresponding output value.", 'start': 1981.622, 'duration': 5.082}, {'end': 1990.106, 'text': 'So since my value of x is still five, it is printing true.', 'start': 1987.145, 'duration': 2.961}, {'end': 1994.509, 'text': "And let's say if you're checking if it is not equal to five, then it prints corresponding.", 'start': 1990.566, 'duration': 3.943}, {'end': 1998.391, 'text': "Now I don't think you need an example to understand this program.", 'start': 1995.669, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 2000.932, 'text': "So let's move forward to look at the membership operator.", 'start': 1998.691, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 2006.148, 'text': 'Now when we talk about the membership operator, this is something that deals with lists.', 'start': 2002.025, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 2009.01, 'text': "Now don't get confused if you're not heard of lists.", 'start': 2006.628, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 2011.572, 'text': 'This is a data type that is present only in Python.', 'start': 2009.15, 'duration': 2.422}, {'end': 2017.877, 'text': "We'll be discussing about lists and tuples exclusively in our next section, but let me just give you an overview here.", 'start': 2011.932, 'duration': 5.945}, {'end': 2020.599, 'text': 'List basically is a collection of multiple objects.', 'start': 2018.377, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 2024.942, 'text': 'So this is somewhat similar to your array in C or C++ or Java.', 'start': 2020.959, 'duration': 3.983}, {'end': 2031.768, 'text': 'Now the only difference between the array and the list is that there is no restriction on the type of variable that you can store in a list.', 'start': 2025.363, 'duration': 6.405}, {'end': 2038.653, 'text': "So here what we've done is just we've just stored numbers but let's say if you wish to store a string then you can store that as well in a list.", 'start': 2032.288, 'duration': 6.365}], 'summary': 'The transcript covers left shift, identity operator, and membership operator in python.', 'duration': 136.254, 'max_score': 1902.399, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak1902399.jpg'}, {'end': 2024.942, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1995.669, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1998.391, 'text': "Now I don't think you need an example to understand this program.", 'start': 1995.669, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 2000.932, 'text': "So let's move forward to look at the membership operator.", 'start': 1998.691, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 2006.148, 'text': 'Now when we talk about the membership operator, this is something that deals with lists.', 'start': 2002.025, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 2009.01, 'text': "Now don't get confused if you're not heard of lists.", 'start': 2006.628, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 2011.572, 'text': 'This is a data type that is present only in Python.', 'start': 2009.15, 'duration': 2.422}, {'end': 2017.877, 'text': "We'll be discussing about lists and tuples exclusively in our next section, but let me just give you an overview here.", 'start': 2011.932, 'duration': 5.945}, {'end': 2020.599, 'text': 'List basically is a collection of multiple objects.', 'start': 2018.377, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 2024.942, 'text': 'So this is somewhat similar to your array in C or C++ or Java.', 'start': 2020.959, 'duration': 3.983}], 'summary': 'Membership operator deals with lists, a data type exclusive to python.', 'duration': 29.273, 'max_score': 1995.669, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak1995669.jpg'}], 'start': 1485.901, 'title': 'Bitwise and membership operators', 'summary': 'Covers logical and bitwise operators, providing examples of their usage and outputs, and also introduces the membership operator for checking values in lists.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1751.761, 'start': 1485.901, 'title': 'Logical and bitwise operators', 'summary': 'Discusses logical and bitwise operators, including examples of their usage and outputs, explaining how they work and where they are used in conditional statements.', 'duration': 265.86, 'highlights': ['Logical operators are used for connecting multiple conditions in conditional statements, playing an important role in if statements. Logical operators play a very important role when using multiple conditions for a conditional statement, such as in the if statement.', 'Bitwise operators work with bit values of numbers, performing operations like OR, AND, and XOR on their bit representations. Bitwise operators work with the bit values of numbers, performing operations like OR, AND, and XOR on their bit representations, providing examples and outputs for better understanding.', 'Explanation of the behavior and outputs of OR, AND, and XOR operators with specific examples and outputs. Detailed explanation of the behavior and outputs of OR, AND, and XOR operators with specific examples and outputs, providing clarity on their functionality.']}, {'end': 2088.231, 'start': 1752.442, 'title': 'Bitwise operators and membership operator', 'summary': 'Explains bitwise operators like and, or, left shift, and right shift, illustrating their functionality with clear examples and also introduces the membership operator for checking values in lists.', 'duration': 335.789, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the functionality of bitwise AND and OR operations by providing clear examples and quantifying the output values, demonstrating how they work on a bit level. Bitwise AND and OR operations are illustrated with examples, quantifying the output values as two and six, respectively, and highlighting the bit-level operations.', 'The explanation of left shift and right shift bitwise operations includes clear examples and quantifies the shift results, demonstrating the movement of bits and the resulting values after the shift. Clear examples illustrate the movement of bits and resulting values after performing left shift and right shift operations, quantifying the shift results and demonstrating the bit movement.', "Introduction to the membership operator is provided, explaining its usage for checking the presence of values in a list and showcasing examples of how it works with quantifiable outputs. The membership operator's usage for checking the presence of values in a list is explained, accompanied by examples showcasing its functionality with quantifiable outputs."]}], 'duration': 602.33, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak1485901.jpg', 'highlights': ['Logical operators play an important role in if statements, connecting multiple conditions.', 'Bitwise operators perform operations like OR, AND, and XOR on bit representations.', 'Detailed explanation of OR, AND, and XOR operators with specific examples and outputs.', 'Bitwise AND and OR operations are illustrated with examples, quantifying the output values.', 'Explanation of left shift and right shift bitwise operations includes clear examples.', 'Introduction to the membership operator for checking values in a list with examples.']}, {'end': 3139.05, 'segs': [{'end': 2138.678, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2109.366, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2113.608, 'text': 'Now here what you are seeing is a list of six native data types present in Python.', 'start': 2109.366, 'duration': 4.242}, {'end': 2116.829, 'text': "We'll be talking about the user-defined data types in our next session.", 'start': 2113.868, 'duration': 2.961}, {'end': 2123.132, 'text': 'Now again, when you look at the classification of data types, they can mainly be classified into immutables and mutables.', 'start': 2117.329, 'duration': 5.803}, {'end': 2131.815, 'text': 'Now what we mean by immutable basically is that if a value has been assigned to that data type, then it cannot be changed.', 'start': 2123.812, 'duration': 8.003}, {'end': 2134.696, 'text': 'Now the best example for this is a tuple.', 'start': 2132.295, 'duration': 2.401}, {'end': 2138.678, 'text': 'So this is something similar to the list itself that we have seen earlier.', 'start': 2135.076, 'duration': 3.602}], 'summary': 'Python has six native data types and classifies them into immutables and mutables.', 'duration': 29.312, 'max_score': 2109.366, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2109366.jpg'}, {'end': 2188.508, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2100.381, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2104.965, 'text': 'This is something that Python defines as per the value that you have given for that variable.', 'start': 2100.381, 'duration': 4.584}, {'end': 2108.728, 'text': 'Similarly, as you have seen, we can declare a variable whenever we need them.', 'start': 2105.365, 'duration': 3.363}, {'end': 2113.608, 'text': 'Now here what you are seeing is a list of six native data types present in Python.', 'start': 2109.366, 'duration': 4.242}, {'end': 2116.829, 'text': "We'll be talking about the user-defined data types in our next session.", 'start': 2113.868, 'duration': 2.961}, {'end': 2123.132, 'text': 'Now again, when you look at the classification of data types, they can mainly be classified into immutables and mutables.', 'start': 2117.329, 'duration': 5.803}, {'end': 2131.815, 'text': 'Now what we mean by immutable basically is that if a value has been assigned to that data type, then it cannot be changed.', 'start': 2123.812, 'duration': 8.003}, {'end': 2134.696, 'text': 'Now the best example for this is a tuple.', 'start': 2132.295, 'duration': 2.401}, {'end': 2138.678, 'text': 'So this is something similar to the list itself that we have seen earlier.', 'start': 2135.076, 'duration': 3.602}, {'end': 2144.963, 'text': 'Now here what happens is that once you set the values present in a tuple, you cannot update these values.', 'start': 2139.378, 'duration': 5.585}, {'end': 2149.427, 'text': 'Now this is somewhat similar to a fixed list where you cannot modify the existing values.', 'start': 2145.183, 'duration': 4.244}, {'end': 2155.793, 'text': "Now don't worry, we'll be talking about each of these types in detail, so let's begin by looking at the numeric data type.", 'start': 2150.168, 'duration': 5.625}, {'end': 2159.815, 'text': 'Now, in the numeric data type, there are mainly three classifications.', 'start': 2156.874, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 2164.696, 'text': "Firstly, we have the integer data type, where again, you're storing whole numbers.", 'start': 2160.455, 'duration': 4.241}, {'end': 2168.597, 'text': "Then you have the float data type, where you're storing decimal valued numbers.", 'start': 2165.016, 'duration': 3.581}, {'end': 2170.758, 'text': 'And finally, we have the complex type.', 'start': 2169.077, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 2173.458, 'text': 'Now, when you look at normal complex numbers,', 'start': 2171.318, 'duration': 2.14}, {'end': 2180.18, 'text': 'the only difference in Python is that where you would write real number plus imaginary number i in real world.', 'start': 2173.458, 'duration': 6.722}, {'end': 2182.401, 'text': "here in Python you'd be replacing i with a j.", 'start': 2180.18, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 2188.508, 'text': "So that's the only difference, but the overall use and the operations that you'll be performing on these will remain same.", 'start': 2183.564, 'duration': 4.944}], 'summary': 'Python covers six native data types and introduces immutables and mutables. it also discusses numeric data types with three classifications.', 'duration': 88.127, 'max_score': 2100.381, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2100381.jpg'}, {'end': 2261.522, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2229.931, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2235.194, 'text': "So as you've seen earlier, a string can basically be defined in either single quotes or double quotes.", 'start': 2229.931, 'duration': 5.263}, {'end': 2242.858, 'text': 'And in case if you wish to use a multi-line string, then all you need to do is that enclose it within six parenthesis.', 'start': 2235.694, 'duration': 7.164}, {'end': 2248.961, 'text': "Now when I say six quotes, it basically means you'll be using totally 12 quotes, six in the beginning and six in the end.", 'start': 2243.298, 'duration': 5.663}, {'end': 2253.663, 'text': 'So when you do that, Python automatically recognizes it to be a multi-line string.', 'start': 2249.421, 'duration': 4.242}, {'end': 2261.522, 'text': 'So Ajay has a question here, do we need to set a value for these strings? No Ajay, now I assume that you mean the size of a string.', 'start': 2254.793, 'duration': 6.729}], 'summary': 'Python strings can be defined in single or double quotes, and multi-line strings are enclosed within six parentheses.', 'duration': 31.591, 'max_score': 2229.931, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2229931.jpg'}, {'end': 2397.308, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2303.653, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2307.954, 'text': 'Now again to perform string concatenation, all you need to do is use the plus operator.', 'start': 2303.653, 'duration': 4.301}, {'end': 2313.436, 'text': 'So you have string one that is Python, string two is tutorial, and it gets combined to Python tutorial.', 'start': 2308.294, 'duration': 5.142}, {'end': 2319.317, 'text': "Similarly, let's say, if you wish to repeat a string, then all you need to do is use the star operator once,", 'start': 2314.215, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 2321.098, 'text': 'followed by number of times you wish to repeat it.', 'start': 2319.317, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 2324.5, 'text': 'So that gets repeated the number of times that you have specified.', 'start': 2321.518, 'duration': 2.982}, {'end': 2329.302, 'text': 'Now when you talk about slicing, it basically means extracting characters from a string.', 'start': 2325, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 2332.783, 'text': 'So you need to specify the start point as well as the end point,', 'start': 2329.642, 'duration': 3.141}, {'end': 2337.125, 'text': 'and then the characters would be extracted from these values and you would be getting the output.', 'start': 2332.783, 'duration': 4.342}, {'end': 2338.966, 'text': 'Finally, we have the string indexing.', 'start': 2337.546, 'duration': 1.42}, {'end': 2342.648, 'text': 'Now you can always access individual characters of a string.', 'start': 2339.306, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 2345.341, 'text': 'Now this is basically what is done using indexing.', 'start': 2342.981, 'duration': 2.36}, {'end': 2349.662, 'text': 'Now rather than confusing you all with theories, let me show you these practically.', 'start': 2345.722, 'duration': 3.94}, {'end': 2351.463, 'text': "Now let's go back to our PyCharm.", 'start': 2350.202, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 2354.403, 'text': "I'll begin by declaring two strings.", 'start': 2352.823, 'duration': 1.58}, {'end': 2357.044, 'text': "So let's call them string one and string two.", 'start': 2355.304, 'duration': 1.74}, {'end': 2362.565, 'text': "Now I'll enclose my first string in a single code.", 'start': 2360.145, 'duration': 2.42}, {'end': 2366.286, 'text': 'And then let me write string two.', 'start': 2364.445, 'duration': 1.841}, {'end': 2372.047, 'text': "I'll put it in double quotes, let's say tutorial.", 'start': 2369.987, 'duration': 2.06}, {'end': 2376.655, 'text': "And then let's begin the operations that we have just seen.", 'start': 2374.514, 'duration': 2.141}, {'end': 2383.399, 'text': "Now for string concatenation let's say print string one plus string two.", 'start': 2376.755, 'duration': 6.644}, {'end': 2394.726, 'text': 'Similarly for repetition I had mentioned you need to use star operator string two star three.', 'start': 2387.762, 'duration': 6.964}, {'end': 2397.308, 'text': 'Let me just show you the outputs of these two operations.', 'start': 2395.247, 'duration': 2.061}], 'summary': 'Learn string operations: concatenation, repetition, slicing, indexing. practical demo included.', 'duration': 93.655, 'max_score': 2303.653, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2303653.jpg'}, {'end': 2551.445, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2484.571, 'weight': 0.86, 'content': [{'end': 2486.952, 'text': 'It is giving me third from the last position.', 'start': 2484.571, 'duration': 2.381}, {'end': 2488.994, 'text': 'Good one, Raj.', 'start': 2488.173, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 2495.738, 'text': "So let me show you another thing, let's say two comma minus three.", 'start': 2491.635, 'duration': 4.103}, {'end': 2504.023, 'text': 'If I run this, you can see from the third position till the third last position.', 'start': 2496.859, 'duration': 7.164}, {'end': 2507.005, 'text': 'So TOR is being extracted and printed.', 'start': 2504.503, 'duration': 2.502}, {'end': 2516.172, 'text': "So are you clear with how you can perform slicing and indexing as well as string concatenation and repetition? Okay, that's great.", 'start': 2507.605, 'duration': 8.567}, {'end': 2518.734, 'text': "Now, moving forward, let's look at some type-specific operations.", 'start': 2516.253, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 2524.017, 'text': 'So, when we talk about type-specific operations, using the string object, you can perform certain operations.', 'start': 2519.174, 'duration': 4.843}, {'end': 2526.599, 'text': 'So, these are just some of the examples.', 'start': 2524.618, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 2527.7, 'text': 'You have about four here.', 'start': 2526.679, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 2532.203, 'text': "So let's say one if you have string edureka, then if you use string.find.", 'start': 2527.74, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 2537.386, 'text': 'basically it checks the substring that you have specified and its starting location in the original string.', 'start': 2532.203, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 2543.65, 'text': "Now, this comes in handy when, let's say, you're using a multi-line string, and there you'll need to search for a single word.", 'start': 2537.926, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 2545.571, 'text': 'After that you have replace.', 'start': 2544.508, 'duration': 1.063}, {'end': 2551.445, 'text': "so let's say, if you wish to replace a certain character or a substring with a specific substring, then you can specify it here.", 'start': 2545.571, 'duration': 5.874}], 'summary': 'Demonstration of string operations including slicing, indexing, concatenation, and type-specific operations such as find and replace.', 'duration': 66.874, 'max_score': 2484.571, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2484571.jpg'}, {'end': 2545.571, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2519.174, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 2524.017, 'text': 'So, when we talk about type-specific operations, using the string object, you can perform certain operations.', 'start': 2519.174, 'duration': 4.843}, {'end': 2526.599, 'text': 'So, these are just some of the examples.', 'start': 2524.618, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 2527.7, 'text': 'You have about four here.', 'start': 2526.679, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 2532.203, 'text': "So let's say one if you have string edureka, then if you use string.find.", 'start': 2527.74, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 2537.386, 'text': 'basically it checks the substring that you have specified and its starting location in the original string.', 'start': 2532.203, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 2543.65, 'text': "Now, this comes in handy when, let's say, you're using a multi-line string, and there you'll need to search for a single word.", 'start': 2537.926, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 2545.571, 'text': 'After that you have replace.', 'start': 2544.508, 'duration': 1.063}], 'summary': 'Type-specific operations using string object: find and replace functions explained with examples.', 'duration': 26.397, 'max_score': 2519.174, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2519174.jpg'}, {'end': 2979.162, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2925.078, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 2928.7, 'text': 'And when you come down to dictionaries and set, they actually use curly braces.', 'start': 2925.078, 'duration': 3.622}, {'end': 2934.283, 'text': 'So make sure you use the right braces to define your tuples, lists, and dictionaries.', 'start': 2929.06, 'duration': 5.223}, {'end': 2941.6, 'text': 'So any doubts with respect to tuples? Okay, John wants to know how tuples are immutable.', 'start': 2935.324, 'duration': 6.276}, {'end': 2943.92, 'text': "So John, I'll show you that in an example.", 'start': 2942.06, 'duration': 1.86}, {'end': 2945.341, 'text': 'Before that, just give me two minutes.', 'start': 2943.98, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 2949.662, 'text': 'Again, these are the operations that you can perform using a tuple.', 'start': 2946.601, 'duration': 3.061}, {'end': 2956.464, 'text': 'You can perform tuple concatenation, you can perform tuple repetition, slicing, and similarly, tuple indexing.', 'start': 2950.222, 'duration': 6.242}, {'end': 2958.724, 'text': 'Again, so let me just give you an overview here.', 'start': 2956.984, 'duration': 1.74}, {'end': 2972.055, 'text': "So I've set the name of my tuple to be mytuple equal, to use curved braces.", 'start': 2964.726, 'duration': 7.329}, {'end': 2973.917, 'text': 'so in this you can define whatever you wish.', 'start': 2972.055, 'duration': 1.862}, {'end': 2979.162, 'text': "let's say, I'm gonna give the name Neil.", 'start': 2973.917, 'duration': 5.245}], 'summary': 'Use curly braces to define tuples, lists, and dictionaries. tuples are immutable and support concatenation, repetition, slicing, and indexing.', 'duration': 54.084, 'max_score': 2925.078, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2925078.jpg'}], 'start': 2088.752, 'title': 'Python data types and string operations', 'summary': 'Discusses six native data types in python, their classification into immutables and mutables, numeric data types, and string data type. it also covers basic string operations and tuple operations with practical examples.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2284.938, 'start': 2088.752, 'title': 'Python data types overview', 'summary': "Discusses python data types, including six native data types, classification into immutables and mutables, numeric data types (integer, float, complex), and string data type, highlighting python's dynamic typing and automatic memory allocation.", 'duration': 196.186, 'highlights': ['Python is a loosely typed language and does not require explicit data type declaration, allowing dynamic typing and automatic memory allocation. loosely typed language, dynamic typing, automatic memory allocation', 'Python has six native data types and classifies data types into immutables and mutables, with examples such as tuples representing immutables. six native data types, immutables and mutables, example of tuples', 'Numeric data types in Python include integer, float, and complex types, with unique notation for complex numbers and automatic memory allocation based on system memory. numeric data types, integer, float, complex, notation for complex numbers, automatic memory allocation', 'Python strings can be defined using single or double quotes, and multi-line strings are recognized by enclosing within six quotes, with automatic memory allocation for string variables. string data type, single or double quotes, multi-line strings, automatic memory allocation']}, {'end': 2882.941, 'start': 2285.438, 'title': 'String operations in python', 'summary': 'Covers basic string operations including concatenation, repetition, slicing, indexing, type-specific operations like find, replace, split, and count, highlighting key points and practical examples.', 'duration': 597.503, 'highlights': ['String concatenation using plus operator to combine strings like Python and tutorial to get Python tutorial. String concatenation using plus operator to combine strings like Python and tutorial to get Python tutorial.', 'Repetition operation using star operator to repeat a string multiple times, for example, string two star three results in the string being repeated three times. Repetition operation using star operator to repeat a string multiple times, for example, string two star three results in the string being repeated three times.', 'Slicing operation to extract characters from a string by specifying start and end points, demonstrated with practical examples. Slicing operation to extract characters from a string by specifying start and end points, demonstrated with practical examples.', 'String indexing to access individual characters of a string, explained with examples including positive and negative indexing. String indexing to access individual characters of a string, explained with examples including positive and negative indexing.', 'Type-specific operations including find, replace, split, and count demonstrated with practical examples, emphasizing the use of these operations on string objects. Type-specific operations including find, replace, split, and count demonstrated with practical examples, emphasizing the use of these operations on string objects.']}, {'end': 3139.05, 'start': 2883.701, 'title': 'Tuples and operations', 'summary': 'Covers the definition of tuples, their immutability, how to define and operate on tuples, and clarifies the usage of different types of braces for tuples, lists, and dictionaries.', 'duration': 255.349, 'highlights': ['Tuples are similar to strings but immutable, defined using parenthesis, while lists use square braces and dictionaries and sets use curly braces. Tuples are immutable and defined using parenthesis, highlighting the difference in defining tuples, lists, dictionaries, and sets.', 'Operations on tuples include concatenation, repetition, and slicing, each demonstrated with specific examples. Various operations on tuples such as concatenation, repetition, and slicing are explained with specific examples.', 'The chapter also demonstrates the usage of different types of braces for tuples, lists, and dictionaries. The usage of different types of braces for defining tuples, lists, and dictionaries is clarified.']}], 'duration': 1050.298, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak2088752.jpg', 'highlights': ['Python has six native data types and classifies data types into immutables and mutables, with examples such as tuples representing immutables.', 'Numeric data types in Python include integer, float, and complex types, with unique notation for complex numbers and automatic memory allocation based on system memory.', 'Python strings can be defined using single or double quotes, and multi-line strings are recognized by enclosing within six quotes, with automatic memory allocation for string variables.', 'String concatenation using plus operator to combine strings like Python and tutorial to get Python tutorial.', 'Repetition operation using star operator to repeat a string multiple times, for example, string two star three results in the string being repeated three times.', 'Slicing operation to extract characters from a string by specifying start and end points, demonstrated with practical examples.', 'String indexing to access individual characters of a string, explained with examples including positive and negative indexing.', 'Type-specific operations including find, replace, split, and count demonstrated with practical examples, emphasizing the use of these operations on string objects.', 'Tuples are similar to strings but immutable, defined using parenthesis, while lists use square braces and dictionaries and sets use curly braces.', 'Operations on tuples include concatenation, repetition, and slicing, each demonstrated with specific examples.', 'The chapter also demonstrates the usage of different types of braces for tuples, lists, and dictionaries.']}, {'end': 4138.511, 'segs': [{'end': 3262.76, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3235.106, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3238.308, 'text': "be sure, if you're using a list, then you use a square braces.", 'start': 3235.106, 'duration': 3.202}, {'end': 3243.31, 'text': "in case, if you use a curly braces, it'll be considered to be a tuple and you'll not be able to modify it.", 'start': 3238.308, 'duration': 5.002}, {'end': 3247.252, 'text': "Okay, let's look at some of the operations that we perform using list.", 'start': 3244.331, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 3253.995, 'text': 'So similarly you have concatenation, you have repetition, you have slicing, and then you have indexing.', 'start': 3247.592, 'duration': 6.403}, {'end': 3260.559, 'text': "Now you've seen the same for tuples, so I'm not gonna repeat this as such, but let's look at the type specific operations.", 'start': 3254.836, 'duration': 5.723}, {'end': 3262.76, 'text': 'Now here you have append operation.', 'start': 3261.199, 'duration': 1.561}], 'summary': 'Explained list and tuple operations with examples.', 'duration': 27.654, 'max_score': 3235.106, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak3235106.jpg'}, {'end': 3412.752, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3377.352, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3381.276, 'text': "Oh Divya wants pink too, okay I'll put in pink.", 'start': 3377.352, 'duration': 3.924}, {'end': 3389.166, 'text': "So let's see some of the list specific operations, my list, dot.", 'start': 3383.905, 'duration': 5.261}, {'end': 3391.707, 'text': 'We have pop, we have append.', 'start': 3390.167, 'duration': 1.54}, {'end': 3394.408, 'text': "So let's begin by append.", 'start': 3393.147, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 3400.629, 'text': "So to my existing list, I wanna add gray, and I'll print it.", 'start': 3395.428, 'duration': 5.201}, {'end': 3404.51, 'text': "Let's just run this.", 'start': 3403.73, 'duration': 0.78}, {'end': 3409.431, 'text': 'And you can see gray has also been appended to my list.', 'start': 3406.47, 'duration': 2.961}, {'end': 3412.752, 'text': 'Similarly, let me show you extend operator, how it works.', 'start': 3410.111, 'duration': 2.641}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating list specific operations like append and extend in python.', 'duration': 35.4, 'max_score': 3377.352, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak3377352.jpg'}, {'end': 3571.044, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 3438.462, 'weight': 0.757, 'content': [{'end': 3439.843, 'text': 'Right click, click on run.', 'start': 3438.462, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 3443.504, 'text': 'So you can see the two new values have been added.', 'start': 3441.343, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 3448.948, 'text': "So these values, you can either specify them or let's say if you have another list, then again you can use it.", 'start': 3444.125, 'duration': 4.823}, {'end': 3454.992, 'text': "So Raj, coming back to your question on how tuples were immutable and lists are immutable, I hope you've gotten your answer.", 'start': 3449.328, 'duration': 5.664}, {'end': 3459.896, 'text': 'So you can see the values present in my list have been getting updated as I wanted.', 'start': 3455.353, 'duration': 4.543}, {'end': 3462.898, 'text': 'But in my tuple, I did not have this choice.', 'start': 3460.776, 'duration': 2.122}, {'end': 3468.922, 'text': "So are you clear, Raj? Has this helped you out? Okay, that's great to hear.", 'start': 3463.538, 'duration': 5.384}, {'end': 3473.902, 'text': "So now that we've seen lists, let's move forward and look at the next data type that is dictionary.", 'start': 3470.086, 'duration': 3.816}, {'end': 3479.584, 'text': 'Now, when we talk about dictionary, it is one of the most flexible built-in data types in Python.', 'start': 3474.5, 'duration': 5.084}, {'end': 3483.687, 'text': 'Now dictionary basically stores your data in a key value fashion.', 'start': 3480.084, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 3486.189, 'text': 'So where you have a key and a corresponding value.', 'start': 3484.108, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 3493.695, 'text': 'Now when you look at the example here, you have mydict is equal to one and the value for one key is Josh.', 'start': 3486.77, 'duration': 6.925}, {'end': 3496.738, 'text': 'Similarly for two you have Bob and three you have James.', 'start': 3494.136, 'duration': 2.602}, {'end': 3500.581, 'text': "Now don't get confused that this is the only way that you can use a dictionary.", 'start': 3497.298, 'duration': 3.283}, {'end': 3503.943, 'text': 'Now there are mainly four examples of dictionary that you can see here.', 'start': 3501.121, 'duration': 2.822}, {'end': 3508.926, 'text': 'Now first you can either have an empty dictionary where you can add values later as you wish.', 'start': 3504.443, 'duration': 4.483}, {'end': 3511.848, 'text': 'Then you have the integer key dictionary.', 'start': 3509.466, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 3517.251, 'text': 'So this is an example that we had just seen where you have integers to be keys and their corresponding value.', 'start': 3512.128, 'duration': 5.123}, {'end': 3520.443, 'text': 'But this is not the only way that you can have a dictionary.', 'start': 3517.981, 'duration': 2.462}, {'end': 3527.267, 'text': 'You can even have a mixed key where you have a string to be a key value as well as you can have an integer to be a key value.', 'start': 3520.463, 'duration': 6.804}, {'end': 3530.649, 'text': 'Similarly in my value position I can even have a list as well.', 'start': 3527.547, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 3536.573, 'text': "Or let's say you already have a sequence present here and you wish to add your dictionary then you can do that as well.", 'start': 3531.25, 'duration': 5.323}, {'end': 3542.769, 'text': 'So are you clear with the types of dictionary that we can have? So John has a good question here.', 'start': 3537.013, 'duration': 5.756}, {'end': 3548.136, 'text': 'John is asking me what happens when I have same key repeated in my dictionary?', 'start': 3542.829, 'duration': 5.307}, {'end': 3554.739, 'text': 'So, John, basically, I think you are trying to say if you have duplicate keys present in your dictionary, Yeah, all right.', 'start': 3548.736, 'duration': 6.003}, {'end': 3559.14, 'text': 'So in that case, John, basically your dictionary does not accept multiple keys.', 'start': 3554.779, 'duration': 4.361}, {'end': 3563.142, 'text': 'but even if there are multiple key value combinations present that is,', 'start': 3559.14, 'duration': 4.002}, {'end': 3571.044, 'text': 'you have duplicate keys present in your dictionary then the latest value for the key would be considered and all the values before that would be discarded.', 'start': 3563.142, 'duration': 7.902}], 'summary': 'The tutorial covers lists, tuples, and dictionaries in python, explaining their properties and usage.', 'duration': 132.582, 'max_score': 3438.462, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak3438462.jpg'}, {'end': 3496.738, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3470.086, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3473.902, 'text': "So now that we've seen lists, let's move forward and look at the next data type that is dictionary.", 'start': 3470.086, 'duration': 3.816}, {'end': 3479.584, 'text': 'Now, when we talk about dictionary, it is one of the most flexible built-in data types in Python.', 'start': 3474.5, 'duration': 5.084}, {'end': 3483.687, 'text': 'Now dictionary basically stores your data in a key value fashion.', 'start': 3480.084, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 3486.189, 'text': 'So where you have a key and a corresponding value.', 'start': 3484.108, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 3493.695, 'text': 'Now when you look at the example here, you have mydict is equal to one and the value for one key is Josh.', 'start': 3486.77, 'duration': 6.925}, {'end': 3496.738, 'text': 'Similarly for two you have Bob and three you have James.', 'start': 3494.136, 'duration': 2.602}], 'summary': 'Python dictionary is a flexible data type storing data in key-value pairs.', 'duration': 26.652, 'max_score': 3470.086, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak3470086.jpg'}, {'end': 3989.514, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3963.171, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3967.635, 'text': 'you have the union operation, you have the intersection operation and then you have the difference operation.', 'start': 3963.171, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 3973.42, 'text': "Now similar to the normal union operation, let's say you have two sets, you have set one and set two.", 'start': 3968.456, 'duration': 4.964}, {'end': 3979.525, 'text': 'When you perform union, all the elements from both these sets are combined, but these are the only unique elements.', 'start': 3973.68, 'duration': 5.845}, {'end': 3984.83, 'text': 'So you have one, two, C, and B.', 'start': 3979.965, 'duration': 4.865}, {'end': 3989.514, 'text': 'Where originally between both sets you had six elements, after union you have four elements.', 'start': 3984.83, 'duration': 4.684}], 'summary': 'Union, intersection, and difference operations reduce elements from 6 to 4.', 'duration': 26.343, 'max_score': 3963.171, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak3963171.jpg'}], 'start': 3139.05, 'title': 'Python data types and operations', 'summary': 'Covers tuple operations and limitations, python list operations, introduction to dictionaries in python, and sets in python, explaining their unique features and operations with examples, such as wrong range specification in tuples, flexibility of lists, key-value pairs in dictionaries, and set operations like union, intersection, and difference.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3214.284, 'start': 3139.05, 'title': 'Tuple operations and limitations', 'summary': "Explains the operations and limitations of tuples, highlighting that wrong range specification does not give an error, and tuple does not support adding elements directly but requires the use of the 'update' command.", 'duration': 75.234, 'highlights': ['Tuple does not give an error for wrong range specification, highlighting the importance of handling errors (no quantifiable data)', "Tuples do not support adding elements directly, requiring the use of the 'update' command for addition (no quantifiable data)", 'Explanation of the count and index operations for tuples, which provide functionality for counting elements and extracting index values (no quantifiable data)']}, {'end': 3468.922, 'start': 3214.804, 'title': 'Python lists operations', 'summary': 'Explains python list operations, including append, extend, insert, and pop, with examples demonstrating the addition and removal of elements, emphasizing the flexibility of lists over tuples.', 'duration': 254.118, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains Python list operations, including append, extend, insert, and pop. It provides an overview of key list operations, demonstrating the versatility of lists.', 'Examples demonstrate the addition and removal of elements from the list. The transcript contains examples of using append, extend, insert, and pop operations to add, extend, and remove elements from the list.', 'Emphasizes the flexibility of lists over tuples regarding element modification. The explanation emphasizes the contrast between the flexibility of lists and the immutability of tuples, highlighting the advantages of lists for element modification.']}, {'end': 3877.534, 'start': 3470.086, 'title': 'Introduction to dictionaries in python', 'summary': 'Introduces dictionaries in python, explaining key-value pairs, types of dictionaries, handling duplicate keys, and various methods such as retrieving values for a specific key, calculating the length, extracting keys and values, and updating the dictionary.', 'duration': 407.448, 'highlights': ['Dictionaries in Python store data in a key-value fashion, allowing flexibility in the types of keys and values, including integers, strings, and even lists, and can be added to an existing sequence. Dictionaries in Python store data in a key-value fashion, allowing flexibility in the types of keys and values, including integers, strings, and even lists. They can also be added to an existing sequence.', 'Explanation of how Python dictionaries handle duplicate keys, where the latest value for the key is considered, and all previous values are discarded. Python dictionaries handle duplicate keys by considering the latest value for the key and discarding all previous values.', 'Methods for performing operations on dictionaries, such as retrieving values for a specific key, calculating the length, extracting keys and values, and updating the dictionary. Methods for performing operations on dictionaries include retrieving values for a specific key, calculating the length, extracting keys and values, and updating the dictionary.']}, {'end': 4138.511, 'start': 3878.254, 'title': 'Sets in python: unique collection and operations', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of sets in python, highlighting that sets are an unordered collection with unique elements, demonstrated by the removal of duplicates in a set, followed by an explanation of set operations including union, intersection, and difference.', 'duration': 260.257, 'highlights': ['Sets are an unordered collection with unique elements, demonstrated by the removal of duplicates in a set. A set in Python is defined as an unordered collection with only unique elements, illustrated by the removal of duplicate elements in a set.', 'Explanation of set operations including union, intersection, and difference. The chapter explains three main operations of sets: union, intersection, and difference, providing examples and clarifications for each operation.', 'Demonstration of set operations with specific examples and their results. Specific examples of set operations are demonstrated, such as union, intersection, and difference, with clear outputs and explanations provided for each operation.']}], 'duration': 999.461, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak3139050.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter explains Python list operations, including append, extend, insert, and pop. It provides an overview of key list operations, demonstrating the versatility of lists.', 'Explanation of set operations including union, intersection, and difference. The chapter explains three main operations of sets: union, intersection, and difference, providing examples and clarifications for each operation.', 'Dictionaries in Python store data in a key-value fashion, allowing flexibility in the types of keys and values, including integers, strings, and even lists, and can be added to an existing sequence. Dictionaries in Python store data in a key-value fashion, allowing flexibility in the types of keys and values, including integers, strings, and even lists. They can also be added to an existing sequence.', 'Emphasizes the flexibility of lists over tuples regarding element modification. The explanation emphasizes the contrast between the flexibility of lists and the immutability of tuples, highlighting the advantages of lists for element modification.']}, {'end': 5075.662, 'segs': [{'end': 4195.224, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4164.363, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4166.225, 'text': 'We can clarify it then and there itself.', 'start': 4164.363, 'duration': 1.862}, {'end': 4169.526, 'text': 'If you are facing any errors, let me know, I can help you clarify it there.', 'start': 4166.585, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 4174.448, 'text': "Now moving forward, let's look at flow control statements.", 'start': 4171.607, 'duration': 2.841}, {'end': 4182.513, 'text': 'Now when we talk about flow control statements, there are majorly seven statements through which you can change the flow of a program.', 'start': 4175.109, 'duration': 7.404}, {'end': 4187.359, 'text': 'Now if, if else, and if, elif, else.', 'start': 4183.233, 'duration': 4.126}, {'end': 4195.224, 'text': 'Now these are actually related conditional statements where, if basically checks with only one condition, else tells you,', 'start': 4187.719, 'duration': 7.505}], 'summary': 'The session covers flow control statements, including seven major types for changing program flow.', 'duration': 30.861, 'max_score': 4164.363, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak4164363.jpg'}, {'end': 4254.87, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4227.171, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4232.834, 'text': "Now when we talk about the if statement, so as I've mentioned to you earlier, you basically check if a condition is true.", 'start': 4227.171, 'duration': 5.663}, {'end': 4239.755, 'text': 'Now in case if my condition is true, it executes a set of programs that are branched inside the statement.', 'start': 4233.53, 'duration': 6.225}, {'end': 4246.9, 'text': 'So here the syntax you see if, then you have the condition, and then you have the statements to be executed in case the condition is true.', 'start': 4240.155, 'duration': 6.745}, {'end': 4254.87, 'text': 'in case if my condition is not true, then what happens is the control goes to the else statement.', 'start': 4248.487, 'duration': 6.383}], 'summary': 'If statement checks condition; executes true condition, else goes to else statement.', 'duration': 27.699, 'max_score': 4227.171, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak4227171.jpg'}, {'end': 4492.23, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4467.993, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4477.325, 'text': "And finally, I'm gonna define the else condition, that is if he gets below 40, then I'm gonna give him grade D.", 'start': 4467.993, 'duration': 9.332}, {'end': 4479.646, 'text': 'So are we clear with respect to the flow of this program?', 'start': 4477.325, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 4487.148, 'text': "So I've already defined my marks to be 75, so first we'll check if marks is greater than 80..", 'start': 4481.807, 'duration': 5.341}, {'end': 4492.23, 'text': "If it is, it'll go into the statement and print grade A, else it'll go into the elif part again.", 'start': 4487.148, 'duration': 5.082}], 'summary': 'Python program flow with conditional statements and grade assignments based on marks.', 'duration': 24.237, 'max_score': 4467.993, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak4467993.jpg'}, {'end': 4601.794, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4572.11, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4579.696, 'text': 'Now, the main difference between when to use while loop and when to use for loop is that you need to be aware of the number of iterations.', 'start': 4572.11, 'duration': 7.586}, {'end': 4586.001, 'text': "That is, if you know how many times the loop has to run, then you'd be using a for loop.", 'start': 4580.136, 'duration': 5.865}, {'end': 4590.505, 'text': "or let's say, you're not aware of the number of times that the loop has to execute.", 'start': 4586.001, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 4591.706, 'text': "then you'll be using a while loop.", 'start': 4590.505, 'duration': 1.201}, {'end': 4601.794, 'text': 'So any questions with respect to these two loop statements and what a loop statement is? Okay, so John is clear, Jessica is clear, so is Tyler.', 'start': 4592.386, 'duration': 9.408}], 'summary': "Use for loop when number of iterations is known, while loop when it's not.", 'duration': 29.684, 'max_score': 4572.11, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak4572110.jpg'}, {'end': 4663.033, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4637.614, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4642.218, 'text': "Once it's found to be false, then you exit the loop and execute the statements that are after it.", 'start': 4637.614, 'duration': 4.604}, {'end': 4646.301, 'text': "So I'll be giving you a situation where you'll be using while statement.", 'start': 4643.038, 'duration': 3.263}, {'end': 4649.864, 'text': "That'll help you understand how the while statement works better.", 'start': 4646.341, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 4652.366, 'text': "So let's go back to our PyCharm.", 'start': 4651.025, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 4663.033, 'text': "Now before we go forward, what we'll be doing is we'll be finding the sum of n numbers.", 'start': 4658.971, 'duration': 4.062}], 'summary': 'Explanation of using while statement to find sum of n numbers.', 'duration': 25.419, 'max_score': 4637.614, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak4637614.jpg'}, {'end': 4953.883, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4916.912, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4921.476, 'text': 'It automatically gets incremented by one every time the statements gets executed.', 'start': 4916.912, 'duration': 4.564}, {'end': 4925.5, 'text': 'Okay, now coming to this execution of for statement.', 'start': 4922.737, 'duration': 2.763}, {'end': 4930.746, 'text': 'So before I go ahead, how many of you are familiar with the beer song? That is the 99 beer song.', 'start': 4925.981, 'duration': 4.765}, {'end': 4933.89, 'text': "Okay, that's a good number.", 'start': 4932.588, 'duration': 1.302}, {'end': 4943.976, 'text': "So, for those of you who are not familiar with the 99 beer song, This basically is a sequence of strings, or let's say the lyrics of the 99th song.", 'start': 4934.45, 'duration': 9.526}, {'end': 4944.997, 'text': 'let me show you how it looks like.', 'start': 4943.976, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 4948.94, 'text': "So this is the sequence of strings that you'll be printing in the 99th song.", 'start': 4945.397, 'duration': 3.543}, {'end': 4953.883, 'text': 'So you start off with 99 bottles of beer on the wall, then you have 99 bottles of beer.', 'start': 4949.36, 'duration': 4.523}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating a for loop to print the lyrics of the 99 bottles of beer song.', 'duration': 36.971, 'max_score': 4916.912, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak4916912.jpg'}], 'start': 4138.85, 'title': 'Python flow control and looping', 'summary': 'Covers flow control statements including if, elif, else, for, while, break, and continue in python, usage of if-else and if-elif-else statements, while and for loop usage, and the concept of a for loop with examples and explanations provided. it emphasizes correct indentation and debugging practices.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4314.006, 'start': 4138.85, 'title': 'Flow control statements', 'summary': 'Covers flow control statements in python, including majorly seven types of statements, such as if, elif, else, for, while, break, and continue, along with their functionalities and usage.', 'duration': 175.156, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers seven major flow control statements: if, else, elif, for, while, break, and continue. It explains the seven major flow control statements in Python, providing an overview of the types of statements covered in the chapter.', 'The if statement is explained in detail, including its syntax and functionality. It provides a detailed explanation of the if statement, including its syntax and how it functions when the condition is true or false.', 'The usage of if, elif, and else statements for handling multiple conditions is discussed. It discusses the usage of if, elif, and else statements for handling multiple conditions, providing an example and explanation of their functionality.', 'The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding and being clear about the if statement. It emphasizes the importance of understanding and being clear about the if statement, highlighting the significance of this fundamental concept.']}, {'end': 4663.033, 'start': 4314.487, 'title': 'Python control flow and looping statements', 'summary': 'Covers the usage of if-else and if-elif-else statements to assign grades based on marks, followed by an explanation of while and for loop usage in python, with examples and explanations provided for each. the chapter also emphasizes correct indentation and debugging practices.', 'duration': 348.546, 'highlights': ['Explanation of if-else and if-elif-else statements to assign grades based on marks. The chapter provides an example of using if-else and if-elif-else statements to assign grades based on percentage marks, with specific conditions for different grade ranges.', 'Explanation of correct indentation and debugging practices for code readability and error detection. The chapter emphasizes the importance of correct indentation for code readability and provides insights into how it aids in debugging while writing Python programs.', 'Explanation of while and for loops and their appropriate usage based on the number of iterations. The chapter explains the usage of while and for loops, highlighting that for loops are suitable when the number of iterations is known, while while loops are suitable when the number of iterations is unknown.']}, {'end': 4916.572, 'start': 4663.353, 'title': 'Using while and for loops in python', 'summary': 'Discusses how to use the while loop to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to n and then introduces the for loop for iterating through a sequence in python, emphasizing the importance of converting user input to integer and ensuring logical conditions for successful execution.', 'duration': 253.219, 'highlights': ["The chapter discusses how to use the while loop to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to n It explains the process of taking user input 'n', converting it to an integer, and using a while loop to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to 'n'.", 'Introduces the for loop for iterating through a sequence in Python It introduces the for loop for iterating through a sequence in Python and explains the syntax and usage of the for loop, emphasizing the importance of the iterator, sequence, and understanding the number of iterations.', 'Emphasizes the importance of converting user input to integer and ensuring logical conditions for successful execution It highlights the importance of converting user input to an integer and ensuring logical conditions for successful execution, such as checking if the input number is greater than or equal to zero and providing a valid value message if necessary.']}, {'end': 5075.662, 'start': 4916.912, 'title': 'Python for loop explanation', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of a for loop in python, using the example of the 99 beer song, and demonstrates how to write the code in 15 lines, iterating through a sequence of strings and using the range function to execute the loop 99 times.', 'duration': 158.75, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the concept of a for loop in Python, using the example of the 99 beer song. The instructor introduces the concept of a for loop in Python by using the example of the 99 beer song to illustrate the iteration through a sequence of strings.', 'Demonstrates how to write the code in 15 lines, iterating through a sequence of strings and using the range function to execute the loop 99 times. The instructor provides a demonstration of writing the code for the 99 beer song in Python using a for loop, iterating through a sequence of strings and using the range function to execute the loop 99 times, all within 15 lines of code.', 'Explains the range function and its usage in Python. The instructor explains the usage of the range function in Python, providing an example of how to use it to specify a range of numerical values for iterating through a loop, such as iterating the loop 10 times.']}], 'duration': 936.812, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak4138850.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter covers seven major flow control statements: if, else, elif, for, while, break, and continue. It explains the seven major flow control statements in Python, providing an overview of the types of statements covered in the chapter.', 'The if statement is explained in detail, including its syntax and functionality. It provides a detailed explanation of the if statement, including its syntax and how it functions when the condition is true or false.', 'Explanation of if-else and if-elif-else statements to assign grades based on marks. The chapter provides an example of using if-else and if-elif-else statements to assign grades based on percentage marks, with specific conditions for different grade ranges.', 'Explanation of while and for loops and their appropriate usage based on the number of iterations. The chapter explains the usage of while and for loops, highlighting that for loops are suitable when the number of iterations is known, while while loops are suitable when the number of iterations is unknown.', "The chapter discusses how to use the while loop to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to n It explains the process of taking user input 'n', converting it to an integer, and using a while loop to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to 'n'.", 'The chapter explains the concept of a for loop in Python, using the example of the 99 beer song. The instructor introduces the concept of a for loop in Python by using the example of the 99 beer song to illustrate the iteration through a sequence of strings.', 'Demonstrates how to write the code in 15 lines, iterating through a sequence of strings and using the range function to execute the loop 99 times. The instructor provides a demonstration of writing the code for the 99 beer song in Python using a for loop, iterating through a sequence of strings and using the range function to execute the loop 99 times, all within 15 lines of code.']}, {'end': 5658.469, 'segs': [{'end': 5356.511, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5331.604, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 5344.224, 'text': "To differentiate each statement, I'm gonna put print So let me explain this statement again.", 'start': 5331.604, 'duration': 12.62}, {'end': 5350.708, 'text': "So first you're gonna compute your for loop from a specific range from 99 to zero.", 'start': 5345.925, 'duration': 4.783}, {'end': 5356.511, 'text': "If the value of your quant is greater than one, then you're gonna print the value of quant followed by the statement.", 'start': 5351.108, 'duration': 5.403}], 'summary': 'Explain looping through range 99 to 0, print if quant > 1.', 'duration': 24.907, 'max_score': 5331.604, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5331604.jpg'}, {'end': 5397.09, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5375.424, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5384.066, 'text': 'So here you can see how the for loop starts from 99, and then it goes on all the way till you have one bottle on the wall.', 'start': 5375.424, 'duration': 8.642}, {'end': 5386.027, 'text': 'take it down and pass it around, no more beer.', 'start': 5384.066, 'duration': 1.961}, {'end': 5392.909, 'text': "So are we clear with how the for loop works? We've known that we have to execute these set of statements 99 times.", 'start': 5387.067, 'duration': 5.842}, {'end': 5397.09, 'text': "So what we've done, we've put it in a for loop and then we've gone ahead and executed.", 'start': 5393.369, 'duration': 3.721}], 'summary': 'Demonstrated for loop iterating 99 times, reducing bottles on the wall.', 'duration': 21.666, 'max_score': 5375.424, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5375424.jpg'}, {'end': 5519.296, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5494.015, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 5501.544, 'text': 'If my count becomes greater than 10, then execute a break.', 'start': 5494.015, 'duration': 7.529}, {'end': 5503.386, 'text': "Let's just run this.", 'start': 5502.725, 'duration': 0.661}, {'end': 5511.49, 'text': 'So you can see a loop that was supposed to run infinite number of times has been restricted to 11 times.', 'start': 5505.165, 'duration': 6.325}, {'end': 5514.473, 'text': 'Starting from zero, it goes all the way to 10.', 'start': 5511.55, 'duration': 2.923}, {'end': 5519.296, 'text': 'The moment the value of count increases to 11, you break out from this loop.', 'start': 5514.473, 'duration': 4.823}], 'summary': 'Code restricts loop to run 11 times, breaking if count > 10.', 'duration': 25.281, 'max_score': 5494.015, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5494015.jpg'}, {'end': 5639.989, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5607.173, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 5612.555, 'text': 'So you can see here all the odd numbers from 1 to 20 have been printed here.', 'start': 5607.173, 'duration': 5.382}, {'end': 5617.757, 'text': 'So any value when divided by 2 gives me value as 0 has been removed from this.', 'start': 5613.015, 'duration': 4.742}, {'end': 5621.205, 'text': 'So, any questions with respect to how continue statement works?', 'start': 5618.584, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 5627.826, 'text': 'It is just that if this condition is true, then you do not execute the print statement and you go to the next iteration of that loop.', 'start': 5621.725, 'duration': 6.101}, {'end': 5639.989, 'text': "Are we clear with respect to how the continue statement works? Okay, so John is clear, so Santosh, Swati, Sneha, Divya, that's great.", 'start': 5628.626, 'duration': 11.363}], 'summary': 'Odd numbers from 1 to 20 printed, even numbers removed using continue statement in loop.', 'duration': 32.816, 'max_score': 5607.173, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5607173.jpg'}], 'start': 5075.662, 'title': 'Python for loop beer song and understanding break and continue statements', 'summary': "Demonstrates the use of a for loop in python to generate the '99 bottles of beer' song and explains the usage of break and continue statements to control loop execution, achieving final verse 'no more beer.' the break statement is used to exit a loop based on a condition, and the continue statement is used to skip certain statements and move to the next iteration.", 'chapters': [{'end': 5397.09, 'start': 5075.662, 'title': 'Python for loop beer song', 'summary': "Demonstrates the use of a for loop in python to generate the '99 bottles of beer' song by iterating from 99 to 0 and applying conditional logic to print the appropriate verses, achieving the final verse 'no more beer.'", 'duration': 321.428, 'highlights': ["The chapter demonstrates the use of a for loop in Python to generate the '99 Bottles of Beer' song. The main focus of the chapter is on using a for loop to generate the song.", 'Iterating from 99 to 0 and applying conditional logic to print the appropriate verses. The code iterates from 99 to 0 and uses conditional logic to print verses based on the quantity.', "Achieving the final verse 'No more beer.' The code successfully generates the final verse of the song, 'No more beer,' when the quantity reaches 0."]}, {'end': 5658.469, 'start': 5399.281, 'title': 'Understanding break and continue statements', 'summary': 'Explains the usage of break statement to exit a loop based on a condition, demonstrated through an example of restricting a loop to run 11 times, and the usage of continue statement to skip certain statements and move to the next iteration, illustrated by printing odd numbers in a range of 20.', 'duration': 259.188, 'highlights': ['The break statement is used to exit a loop when a certain condition is met, demonstrated by an example where a loop running infinitely is restricted to run 11 times based on the value of a count variable. The break statement is illustrated through an example where a loop, set to run infinitely, is restricted to run 11 times by specifying a break condition when the count variable exceeds 10.', 'The continue statement is used to skip certain statements and move to the next iteration of a loop when a certain condition is met, exemplified by printing odd numbers in a range of 20 by skipping the print statement for values divisible by 2. The continue statement is exemplified by skipping the print statement for values divisible by 2, resulting in the printing of odd numbers in a range of 20.']}], 'duration': 582.807, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5075662.jpg', 'highlights': ["The chapter demonstrates the use of a for loop in Python to generate the '99 Bottles of Beer' song.", 'The code iterates from 99 to 0 and uses conditional logic to print verses based on the quantity.', "The code successfully generates the final verse of the song, 'No more beer,' when the quantity reaches 0.", 'The break statement is illustrated through an example where a loop, set to run infinitely, is restricted to run 11 times by specifying a break condition when the count variable exceeds 10.', 'The continue statement is exemplified by skipping the print statement for values divisible by 2, resulting in the printing of odd numbers in a range of 20.']}, {'end': 6363.453, 'segs': [{'end': 5866.66, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 5731.269, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 5737.214, 'text': "Once you've said that, put a colon and then specify the operations that you wish to perform in this function.", 'start': 5731.269, 'duration': 5.945}, {'end': 5746.402, 'text': "So here what I'm doing is that I'm computing the result of the two arguments that I've taken as input and then I'm returning it to my function column.", 'start': 5737.774, 'duration': 8.628}, {'end': 5753.602, 'text': "So again, my number one to be one, number two to be two, and then I'm calling the add function here.", 'start': 5746.962, 'duration': 6.64}, {'end': 5758.725, 'text': 'So this is basically the reference to that function, and this is a return to that function.', 'start': 5754.162, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 5764.168, 'text': "So whatever value would be computed here would be returned to the function call, and it'll get printed here.", 'start': 5759.205, 'duration': 4.963}, {'end': 5773.353, 'text': "So any questions with respect to the function definition or what a function is? Okay, Rahul is clear, so is Tyler, John, Matthew, that's great.", 'start': 5764.868, 'duration': 8.485}, {'end': 5778.114, 'text': 'Now moving ahead, functions use pass by reference methodology.', 'start': 5774.673, 'duration': 3.441}, {'end': 5782.616, 'text': 'Again, when you say pass by reference, we are going to follow the call by object reference.', 'start': 5778.475, 'duration': 4.141}, {'end': 5786.318, 'text': "Now to help you understand this concept, let's look at the image here.", 'start': 5783.397, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 5792.34, 'text': 'So what I have here is I have a function that modifies my list that is passed as input.', 'start': 5787.058, 'duration': 5.282}, {'end': 5794.761, 'text': "So let's look at the original list.", 'start': 5792.861, 'duration': 1.9}, {'end': 5800.504, 'text': "So we have a hero villain list where you have hero's name as well as its villain's name, and then you're calling the function from here.", 'start': 5794.781, 'duration': 5.723}, {'end': 5810.309, 'text': "So what happens is the values present in this list is gonna be stored in the input.list and when you're upgrading this value it does not affect this list.", 'start': 5801.4, 'duration': 8.909}, {'end': 5813.452, 'text': "And you can see that clearly when you're executing this list.", 'start': 5810.77, 'duration': 2.682}, {'end': 5819.819, 'text': "So when you're trying to print the list for the first time, you can see the original value has been set as same,", 'start': 5813.913, 'duration': 5.906}, {'end': 5823.283, 'text': 'even though you are calling the function to modify this value.', 'start': 5819.819, 'duration': 3.464}, {'end': 5830.026, 'text': 'So what happens here is that the reference to both these lists are pointing to two different objects.', 'start': 5823.863, 'duration': 6.163}, {'end': 5832.868, 'text': 'It is not the same object that gets modified here.', 'start': 5830.346, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 5839.611, 'text': "So are you clear with this? It's important that you understand this because this is basically how functions work in Python.", 'start': 5833.428, 'duration': 6.183}, {'end': 5844.394, 'text': 'All right, now to help you understand how a function works, let me write a function here.', 'start': 5840.372, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 5850.677, 'text': "Now what we're going to do is that we're going to define a function which will help us compute a Fibonacci series.", 'start': 5845.534, 'duration': 5.143}, {'end': 5852.158, 'text': 'So start with def.', 'start': 5851.297, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 5859.837, 'text': "which means you're gonna define a function, then the function name, and then the argument that the function will take.", 'start': 5853.015, 'duration': 6.822}, {'end': 5866.66, 'text': "So let's say n, and then a colon to help it understand you're starting your function.", 'start': 5861.518, 'duration': 5.142}], 'summary': 'Explains function operations, pass by reference methodology, and fibonacci series in python.', 'duration': 135.391, 'max_score': 5731.269, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5731269.jpg'}, {'end': 5850.677, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5823.863, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 5830.026, 'text': 'So what happens here is that the reference to both these lists are pointing to two different objects.', 'start': 5823.863, 'duration': 6.163}, {'end': 5832.868, 'text': 'It is not the same object that gets modified here.', 'start': 5830.346, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 5839.611, 'text': "So are you clear with this? It's important that you understand this because this is basically how functions work in Python.", 'start': 5833.428, 'duration': 6.183}, {'end': 5844.394, 'text': 'All right, now to help you understand how a function works, let me write a function here.', 'start': 5840.372, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 5850.677, 'text': "Now what we're going to do is that we're going to define a function which will help us compute a Fibonacci series.", 'start': 5845.534, 'duration': 5.143}], 'summary': 'Understanding reference in python and defining a fibonacci series function.', 'duration': 26.814, 'max_score': 5823.863, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5823863.jpg'}, {'end': 5988.326, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5959.956, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5962.877, 'text': 'So you have the value for the first 50 fibonacci series.', 'start': 5959.956, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 5971.054, 'text': "I'll rerun it, let me execute for the first 5, 000.", 'start': 5965.739, 'duration': 5.315}, {'end': 5976.658, 'text': 'So again, you can see Python has calculated the first 5, 000 numbers of the Fibonacci series.', 'start': 5971.055, 'duration': 5.603}, {'end': 5984.303, 'text': 'So are you clear with respect to how to write a function and how a function works?', 'start': 5980.281, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 5986.424, 'text': 'So you have the function name.', 'start': 5984.843, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 5988.326, 'text': 'you start with the def function.', 'start': 5986.424, 'duration': 1.902}], 'summary': 'Python calculates first 5,000 fibonacci numbers.', 'duration': 28.37, 'max_score': 5959.956, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5959956.jpg'}, {'end': 6095.258, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6013.075, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 6017.758, 'text': "Now that we've finished understanding functions, let's go into file handling in Python.", 'start': 6013.075, 'duration': 4.683}, {'end': 6022.869, 'text': 'Now, using Python, you can mainly perform all the file operations that you wish.', 'start': 6018.686, 'duration': 4.183}, {'end': 6025.991, 'text': 'Now, there are mainly four stages of file handling in Python.', 'start': 6023.39, 'duration': 2.601}, {'end': 6032.396, 'text': "You begin by opening the file, then, if you wish to perform a read, you'll perform a read, then there's a write and finally,", 'start': 6026.312, 'duration': 6.084}, {'end': 6036.419, 'text': "once you've completed your operation on the file, then you need to close the file.", 'start': 6032.396, 'duration': 4.023}, {'end': 6042.884, 'text': "Now it's important that you close the file, because every time that you open a file, there's a lock mechanism set to.", 'start': 6036.819, 'duration': 6.065}, {'end': 6050.591, 'text': "So, in case, if you forget to mention closing the file, then what happens is that once you've completely executed that program,", 'start': 6043.567, 'duration': 7.024}, {'end': 6053.773, 'text': 'it becomes hard for any of the applications to open that file.', 'start': 6050.591, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 6058.096, 'text': 'So always, if you are opening a file, make sure you close the file.', 'start': 6054.494, 'duration': 3.602}, {'end': 6062.686, 'text': 'Now this is an example of file handling happening.', 'start': 6058.925, 'duration': 3.761}, {'end': 6065.827, 'text': "So what you're gonna be doing is that you're gonna be using a file object.", 'start': 6063.126, 'duration': 2.701}, {'end': 6069.409, 'text': 'This is basically a reference to the file that is present.', 'start': 6065.907, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 6074.67, 'text': 'Then once you specify the open command, you need to specify the location of that file.', 'start': 6069.829, 'duration': 4.841}, {'end': 6079.112, 'text': 'Now there are 12 different modes in which you can open a file.', 'start': 6075.451, 'duration': 3.661}, {'end': 6086.354, 'text': "Now we'll discuss them individually in detail in our file handling classes, but let me just give you an overview of this.", 'start': 6079.372, 'duration': 6.982}, {'end': 6090.715, 'text': 'You have a read, you have a write, You have a read plus where you can both read and write.', 'start': 6086.394, 'duration': 4.321}, {'end': 6092.836, 'text': 'You have a write plus where you can both read and write.', 'start': 6090.735, 'duration': 2.101}, {'end': 6095.258, 'text': 'Then you have the append mode and so forth.', 'start': 6093.457, 'duration': 1.801}], 'summary': 'Python file handling involves 4 stages: open, read, write, close. 12 different modes available for file opening.', 'duration': 82.183, 'max_score': 6013.075, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak6013075.jpg'}, {'end': 6339.954, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6312.021, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 6314.503, 'text': 'we started off with an introduction to Python.', 'start': 6312.021, 'duration': 2.482}, {'end': 6319.247, 'text': 'then we moved on to understand who uses Python, as well as the features of Python.', 'start': 6314.503, 'duration': 4.744}, {'end': 6323.871, 'text': 'then I helped you out with the Python installation, and then we saw the various Python operators.', 'start': 6319.247, 'duration': 4.624}, {'end': 6325.432, 'text': 'Then, moving ahead,', 'start': 6324.692, 'duration': 0.74}, {'end': 6332.998, 'text': 'we saw the seven different types of data that are present in Python and then we saw how you can control the flow of a program in Python as well,', 'start': 6325.432, 'duration': 7.566}, {'end': 6336.061, 'text': 'as we wrote a user defined function and we managed the file.', 'start': 6332.998, 'duration': 3.063}, {'end': 6339.954, 'text': "So any questions with respect to today's session, that I can help you clarify.", 'start': 6336.521, 'duration': 3.433}], 'summary': 'Introduction to python, covering users, features, installation, operators, data types, program flow, user-defined function, and file management.', 'duration': 27.933, 'max_score': 6312.021, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak6312021.jpg'}], 'start': 5660.01, 'title': 'Python functions and file handling basics', 'summary': 'Covers python functions, discussing types, procedural style, pass by reference methodology, and demonstrates computing the fibonacci series. it also introduces file handling basics, covering operations, modes, reading, writing, and emphasizes the importance of closing files.', 'chapters': [{'end': 6011.534, 'start': 5660.01, 'title': 'Python functions and methodology', 'summary': 'Covers the concept of functions in python, discussing the types of functions, the procedural style, pass by reference methodology, and demonstrates the creation of functions to compute the fibonacci series with examples and output results.', 'duration': 351.524, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the concept of functions in Python, discussing the types of functions, the procedural style, pass by reference methodology, and demonstrates the creation of functions to compute the Fibonacci series with examples and output results. It encompasses the types of functions, the procedural style, pass by reference methodology, and demonstrates the creation of functions to compute the Fibonacci series.', 'Python can calculate the first 5,000 numbers of the Fibonacci series and print the output, demonstrating the functionality of the created function. Python successfully computes the first 5,000 numbers of the Fibonacci series, showcasing the functionality of the created function.', 'The chapter explains the pass by reference methodology using an example to modify a list, emphasizing the concept of different objects and references in Python functions. The explanation of pass by reference methodology using an example to modify a list emphasizes the concept of different objects and references in Python functions.']}, {'end': 6363.453, 'start': 6013.075, 'title': 'Python file handling basics', 'summary': 'Introduces the basics of file handling in python, covering file operations, file modes, file reading and writing, and emphasizes the importance of closing the file to avoid locking issues, while also providing an example of file creation, writing, and reading.', 'duration': 350.378, 'highlights': ['The 4 stages of file handling in Python are opening the file, reading from it, writing into it, and closing it. The chapter mentions the 4 essential stages of file handling in Python, which are opening the file, performing a read, writing into the file, and finally closing the file.', 'It is important to close the file after performing operations to avoid locking issues, as failure to do so can make it hard for other applications to open the file. Emphasizes the importance of closing the file to prevent locking issues, as not doing so can make it challenging for other applications to access the file.', 'The chapter also provides an example of file creation, writing, and reading, showcasing the use of file object, opening a file, specifying the file location, opening modes, writing into the file, setting the file pointer, reading the file contents, and closing the file. A detailed example is provided for file handling, including creating a new file, writing content into it, setting the file pointer, reading the file contents, and closing the file.', 'Different modes for opening a file in Python include read, write, read plus, write plus, and append mode, each serving specific purposes. The chapter mentions the 12 different modes for opening a file in Python, focusing on read, write, read plus, write plus, and append mode, each serving specific functions.']}], 'duration': 703.443, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/N0lxfilGfak/pics/N0lxfilGfak5660010.jpg', 'highlights': ['Python can calculate the first 5,000 numbers of the Fibonacci series and print the output, demonstrating the functionality of the created function.', 'The chapter covers the concept of functions in Python, discussing the types of functions, the procedural style, pass by reference methodology, and demonstrates the creation of functions to compute the Fibonacci series with examples and output results.', 'The chapter explains the pass by reference methodology using an example to modify a list, emphasizing the concept of different objects and references in Python functions.', 'The 4 stages of file handling in Python are opening the file, reading from it, writing into it, and closing it.', 'It is important to close the file after performing operations to avoid locking issues, as failure to do so can make it hard for other applications to open the file.', 'The chapter also provides an example of file creation, writing, and reading, showcasing the use of file object, opening a file, specifying the file location, opening modes, writing into the file, setting the file pointer, reading the file contents, and closing the file.', 'Different modes for opening a file in Python include read, write, read plus, write plus, and append mode, each serving specific purposes.']}], 'highlights': ['Python is widely used in various domains and organizations, including YouTube, Google, NASA, and NSA.', "Python's key features include simplicity, open-source nature, high-level programming, portability, support for different programming paradigms, and extendability to other languages.", 'Python follows an interpreted logic, making it one of the easiest languages to pick up.', 'Python covers an introduction to its main features, operators, data types, flow control, and file handling.', 'Python was created by Guido Rossum in 1989, and it is an object-oriented and high-level programming language.', 'The chapter covers the installation of Python (version 3.6) and PyCharm IDE, explaining the need for a separate IDE.', 'An explanation of arithmetic operators in Python, including examples and demonstration in PyCharm.', 'Python 3.6 is recommended for industry use, while Python 2.7 is mainly for organizations still working on that version.', 'The chapter covers arithmetic operations with results such as addition: 10, subtraction: -10, multiplication: 200, and division: 0.5.', 'Logical operators play an important role in if statements, connecting multiple conditions.', 'Bitwise operators perform operations like OR, AND, and XOR on bit representations.', 'Python has six native data types and classifies data types into immutables and mutables, with examples such as tuples representing immutables.', 'Numeric data types in Python include integer, float, and complex types, with unique notation for complex numbers and automatic memory allocation based on system memory.', 'Python strings can be defined using single or double quotes, and multi-line strings are recognized by enclosing within six quotes, with automatic memory allocation for string variables.', 'The chapter explains Python list operations, including append, extend, insert, and pop. It provides an overview of key list operations, demonstrating the versatility of lists.', 'Explanation of set operations including union, intersection, and difference. The chapter explains three main operations of sets: union, intersection, and difference, providing examples and clarifications for each operation.', 'Dictionaries in Python store data in a key-value fashion, allowing flexibility in the types of keys and values, including integers, strings, and even lists, and can be added to an existing sequence.', 'The chapter covers seven major flow control statements: if, else, elif, for, while, break, and continue. It explains the seven major flow control statements in Python, providing an overview of the types of statements covered in the chapter.', "The chapter demonstrates the use of a for loop in Python to generate the '99 Bottles of Beer' song.", 'Python can calculate the first 5,000 numbers of the Fibonacci series and print the output, demonstrating the functionality of the created function.', 'The chapter covers the concept of functions in Python, discussing the types of functions, the procedural style, pass by reference methodology, and demonstrates the creation of functions to compute the Fibonacci series with examples and output results.', 'The 4 stages of file handling in Python are opening the file, reading from it, writing into it, and closing it.', 'Different modes for opening a file in Python include read, write, read plus, write plus, and append mode, each serving specific purposes.']}