title
David Chalmers: The Hard Problem of Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #69

description
David Chalmers is a philosopher and cognitive scientist specializing in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, and consciousness. He is perhaps best known for formulating the hard problem of consciousness which could be stated as "why does the feeling which accompanies awareness of sensory information exist at all?" This episode is presented by Cash App. Download it & use code "LexPodcast": Cash App (App Store): https://apple.co/2sPrUHe Cash App (Google Play): https://bit.ly/2MlvP5w PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 2:23 - Nature of reality: Are we living in a simulation? 19:19 - Consciousness in virtual reality 27:46 - Music-color synesthesia 31:40 - What is consciousness? 51:25 - Consciousness and the meaning of life 57:33 - Philosophical zombies 1:01:38 - Creating the illusion of consciousness 1:07:03 - Conversation with a clone 1:11:35 - Free will 1:16:35 - Meta-problem of consciousness 1:18:40 - Is reality an illusion? 1:20:53 - Descartes' evil demon 1:23:20 - Does AGI need conscioussness? 1:33:47 - Exciting future 1:35:32 - Immortality CONNECT: - Subscribe to this YouTube channel - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/LexFridmanPage - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

detail
{'title': 'David Chalmers: The Hard Problem of Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #69', 'heatmap': [{'end': 2847.476, 'start': 2785.716, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'Discusses the mystery of consciousness, its relevance to ai systems, living in a simulated reality, simulating mind and consciousness, consciousness and synesthesia, consciousness as a fundamental property, seeking meaning and consciousness, ai consciousness and robot rights, and illusion of consciousness and super intelligence, offering diverse perspectives on these topics.', 'chapters': [{'end': 137.945, 'segs': [{'end': 42.515, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.109, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2.33, 'text': 'The following is a conversation with David Chalmers.', 'start': 0.109, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 10.192, 'text': "He's a philosopher and cognitive scientist specializing in the areas of philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, and consciousness.", 'start': 2.93, 'duration': 7.262}, {'end': 15.153, 'text': "He's perhaps best known for formulating the heart problem of consciousness,", 'start': 11.072, 'duration': 4.081}, {'end': 21.435, 'text': 'which could be stated as why does the feeling which accompanies awareness of sensory information exist at all?', 'start': 15.153, 'duration': 6.282}, {'end': 25.006, 'text': 'Consciousness is almost entirely a mystery.', 'start': 22.745, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 34.611, 'text': 'Many people who worry about AI safety and ethics believe that in some form consciousness can and should be engineered into AI systems of the future.', 'start': 25.566, 'duration': 9.045}, {'end': 42.515, 'text': "So, while there's much mystery, disagreement and discoveries yet to be made about consciousness, these conversations,", 'start': 35.512, 'duration': 7.003}], 'summary': 'David chalmers, a philosopher, discusses the mystery of consciousness and its potential engineering into ai systems.', 'duration': 42.406, 'max_score': 0.109, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4109.jpg'}], 'start': 0.109, 'title': 'The mystery of consciousness in ai', 'summary': 'Delves into the mystery of consciousness, its relevance to ai systems, and the efforts to engineer it into ai. it also highlights the role of philosophical discussions in shaping modern ai engineering and discusses the heart problem of consciousness formulated by david chalmers.', 'chapters': [{'end': 137.945, 'start': 0.109, 'title': 'The mystery of consciousness in ai', 'summary': 'Delves into the mystery of consciousness, its relevance to ai systems, and the efforts to engineer it into ai, while also highlighting the role of philosophical discussions in shaping modern ai engineering. the heart problem of consciousness, formulated by david chalmers, is also discussed.', 'duration': 137.836, 'highlights': ["David Chalmers' formulation of the heart problem of consciousness, addressing the existence of the feeling accompanying awareness of sensory information. The heart problem of consciousness, formulated by David Chalmers, addresses the existence of the feeling accompanying awareness of sensory information.", 'The belief among many concerned with AI safety and ethics that consciousness can and should be engineered into AI systems of the future. Many concerned with AI safety and ethics believe that consciousness can and should be engineered into AI systems of the future.', 'The importance of philosophical discussions on consciousness for engineers of modern AI systems. The conversations on consciousness, while fundamentally philosophical in nature, may nevertheless be very important for engineers of modern AI systems to engage in.', "The role of Cash App in providing fractional share trading and its contribution to making trading more accessible for new investors and diversification much easier. Cash App's fractional share trading provides an easy interface that takes a step up to the next layer of abstraction over the stock market, making trading more accessible for new investors and diversification much easier."]}], 'duration': 137.836, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4109.jpg', 'highlights': ['The belief among many concerned with AI safety and ethics that consciousness can and should be engineered into AI systems of the future.', 'The importance of philosophical discussions on consciousness for engineers of modern AI systems.', "David Chalmers' formulation of the heart problem of consciousness, addressing the existence of the feeling accompanying awareness of sensory information."]}, {'end': 829.396, 'segs': [{'end': 180.774, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 138.665, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 141.888, 'text': "And now, here's my conversation with David Chalmers.", 'start': 138.665, 'duration': 3.223}, {'end': 146.799, 'text': "Do you think we're living in a simulation? I don't rule it out.", 'start': 143.209, 'duration': 3.59}, {'end': 150.901, 'text': "There's probably going to be a lot of simulations in the history of the cosmos.", 'start': 147.44, 'duration': 3.461}, {'end': 158.944, 'text': "If the simulation is designed well enough, it'll be indistinguishable from a non-simulated reality.", 'start': 152.282, 'duration': 6.662}, {'end': 168.528, 'text': "And although we could keep searching for evidence that we're not in a simulation, any of that evidence in principle could be simulated.", 'start': 160.205, 'duration': 8.323}, {'end': 170.449, 'text': "So I think it's a possibility.", 'start': 168.629, 'duration': 1.82}, {'end': 178.013, 'text': 'But do you think the thought experiment is interesting or useful to calibrate how we think about the nature of reality.', 'start': 170.629, 'duration': 7.384}, {'end': 180.774, 'text': "Yeah, I definitely think it's interesting and useful.", 'start': 178.753, 'duration': 2.021}], 'summary': 'Chalmers considers the possibility of living in a simulation and finds the thought experiment interesting and useful.', 'duration': 42.109, 'max_score': 138.665, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4138665.jpg'}, {'end': 241.464, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 202.987, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 205.808, 'text': "all this stuff is real when in fact it's all made up.", 'start': 202.987, 'duration': 2.821}, {'end': 214.512, 'text': "Well, the modern version of that is how do you know you're not in a simulation? Then the thought is, if you're in a simulation, none of this is real.", 'start': 205.848, 'duration': 8.664}, {'end': 217.333, 'text': "So that's teaching you something about knowledge.", 'start': 214.592, 'duration': 2.741}, {'end': 223.416, 'text': "How do you know about the external world? I think there's also really interesting questions about the nature of reality right here.", 'start': 217.653, 'duration': 5.763}, {'end': 225.817, 'text': 'If we are in a simulation.', 'start': 223.936, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 226.537, 'text': 'is all this real??', 'start': 225.817, 'duration': 0.72}, {'end': 228.098, 'text': 'Is there really a table here??', 'start': 226.917, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 229.258, 'text': 'Is there really a microphone??', 'start': 228.178, 'duration': 1.08}, {'end': 230.179, 'text': 'Do I really have a body??', 'start': 229.278, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 234.181, 'text': "The standard view would be no, we don't.", 'start': 230.859, 'duration': 3.322}, {'end': 235.161, 'text': 'None of this would be real.', 'start': 234.221, 'duration': 0.94}, {'end': 236.842, 'text': "My view is actually that's wrong.", 'start': 235.641, 'duration': 1.201}, {'end': 239.363, 'text': 'And even if we are in a simulation, all of this is real.', 'start': 236.882, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 241.464, 'text': "That's why I call this reality 2.0.", 'start': 239.403, 'duration': 2.061}], 'summary': 'Debating the nature of reality and the possibility of living in a simulation, challenging the conventional view that nothing is real in a simulated world.', 'duration': 38.477, 'max_score': 202.987, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4202987.jpg'}, {'end': 435.01, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 399.925, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 401.166, 'text': 'But do you think..', 'start': 399.925, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 410.372, 'text': 'the simulation, I mean in order to actually simulate something as complicated as our universe.', 'start': 403.587, 'duration': 6.785}, {'end': 417.296, 'text': "that's made up of molecules and atoms, and particles and quarks, and maybe even strings.", 'start': 410.372, 'duration': 6.924}, {'end': 425.842, 'text': 'all of that requires something just infinitely many orders of magnitude, more of scale and complexity.', 'start': 417.296, 'duration': 8.546}, {'end': 435.01, 'text': "Do you think we're even able to even conceptualize what it would take to simulate our universe?", 'start': 427.824, 'duration': 7.186}], 'summary': 'Simulating our universe requires infinitely complex scale and conceptualization.', 'duration': 35.085, 'max_score': 399.925, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4399925.jpg'}, {'end': 663.832, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 638.706, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 648.208, 'text': 'Do you think the human mind us people, in terms of the complexity of simulation, is at the height of what the simulation might be able to achieve?', 'start': 638.706, 'duration': 9.502}, {'end': 654.269, 'text': 'If you look at incredible entities that could be created in this universe of ours,', 'start': 648.828, 'duration': 5.441}, {'end': 660.211, 'text': 'Do you have an intuition about how incredible human beings are on that scale?', 'start': 654.929, 'duration': 5.282}, {'end': 663.832, 'text': "I think we're pretty impressive, but we're not that impressive.", 'start': 660.651, 'duration': 3.181}], 'summary': "Human mind's complexity may not be at the peak of simulation potential.", 'duration': 25.126, 'max_score': 638.706, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4638706.jpg'}], 'start': 138.665, 'title': 'Living in a simulated reality', 'summary': 'Delves into the concept of living in a simulation, exploring the possibility of multiple simulations in the cosmos and their impact on our understanding of reality. it also discusses the nature of reality, limitations of human perception, and the potential for our universe to be a simulation, contemplating the relative intelligence of human beings and the potential for growth and limitations in a simulated reality.', 'chapters': [{'end': 241.464, 'start': 138.665, 'title': 'Living in a simulation', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of living in a simulation, discussing the possibility of multiple simulations in the cosmos and the implications on our understanding of reality, with a focus on shedding light on philosophical questions and the nature of reality.', 'duration': 102.799, 'highlights': ['The possibility of living in a simulation is not ruled out, with the potential for numerous simulations in the history of the cosmos.', 'The concept of living in a simulation is deemed interesting and useful, serving as a thought experiment to calibrate our understanding of reality and shedding light on philosophical questions.', 'Exploring the nature of reality within a simulation raises questions about knowledge and the external world, challenging traditional views on the existence of physical entities.', "The speaker's belief that even within a simulation, the perceived reality is real, leading to the concept of 'reality 2.0' and challenging the standard view of simulated existence."]}, {'end': 829.396, 'start': 241.464, 'title': 'The nature of reality and simulation hypothesis', 'summary': 'Explores the nature of reality, the limitations of human perception, and the potential for our universe to be a simulation, delving into the complexity and scale required for simulating our universe and the potential capabilities of the simulating universe, while also contemplating the relative intelligence of human beings and the potential for growth and limitations in a simulated reality.', 'duration': 587.932, 'highlights': ["The chapter explores the nature of reality, the limitations of human perception, and the potential for our universe to be a simulation. The discussion revolves around the difference between the 'real world' and the world as perceived by humans, highlighting the simplified and distorted nature of human perception compared to the underlying scientific reality.", 'Delving into the complexity and scale required for simulating our universe, the chapter discusses the potential capabilities of the simulating universe. The complexity of simulating a universe as complicated as ours, involving molecules, atoms, particles, and quarks, is questioned, considering the immense scale and complexity required.', 'Contemplating the relative intelligence of human beings and the potential for growth and limitations in a simulated reality, the chapter explores the implications of human intelligence in the context of a simulated universe. The discussion revolves around the potential limitations and capabilities of human intelligence within a simulated reality, pondering the possibility of more sophisticated simulators at higher levels of a simulated universe and the implications of limitations on the value of life.']}], 'duration': 690.731, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4138665.jpg', 'highlights': ['The possibility of living in a simulation is not ruled out, with the potential for numerous simulations in the history of the cosmos.', 'Exploring the nature of reality within a simulation raises questions about knowledge and the external world, challenging traditional views on the existence of physical entities.', 'The concept of living in a simulation is deemed interesting and useful, serving as a thought experiment to calibrate our understanding of reality and shedding light on philosophical questions.', "The speaker's belief that even within a simulation, the perceived reality is real, leading to the concept of 'reality 2.0' and challenging the standard view of simulated existence.", 'Delving into the complexity and scale required for simulating our universe, the chapter discusses the potential capabilities of the simulating universe.', 'Contemplating the relative intelligence of human beings and the potential for growth and limitations in a simulated reality, the chapter explores the implications of human intelligence in the context of a simulated universe.']}, {'end': 1637.826, 'segs': [{'end': 893.946, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 851.962, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 853.843, 'text': 'you create a new level of a simulation.', 'start': 851.962, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 858.864, 'text': 'every time you get really bored with how smart and this would be kind of sad, though,', 'start': 853.843, 'duration': 5.021}, {'end': 863.425, 'text': 'because it would show the peak of their existence would be like watching simulations for entertainment.', 'start': 858.864, 'duration': 4.561}, {'end': 865.666, 'text': "it's like saying the peak of our existence now is netflix.", 'start': 863.425, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 867.532, 'text': "no, that's all right.", 'start': 866.63, 'duration': 0.902}, {'end': 871.217, 'text': 'a flip side of that could be the peak of our existence.', 'start': 867.532, 'duration': 3.685}, {'end': 875.844, 'text': 'for many people having children and watching them grow, that becomes very meaningful.', 'start': 871.217, 'duration': 4.627}, {'end': 877.126, 'text': 'okay. so create a simulation.', 'start': 875.844, 'duration': 1.282}, {'end': 878.168, 'text': "that's like creating a family.", 'start': 877.126, 'duration': 1.042}, {'end': 883.201, 'text': 'creating like well, any kind of creation is kind of a powerful act.', 'start': 878.619, 'duration': 4.582}, {'end': 887.083, 'text': "Do you think it's easier to simulate the mind or the universe?", 'start': 883.821, 'duration': 3.262}, {'end': 893.946, 'text': "So I've heard several people, including Nick Bostrom, think about ideas of you know.", 'start': 887.803, 'duration': 6.143}], 'summary': 'Discussing the potential of creating simulations and the meaning of existence.', 'duration': 41.984, 'max_score': 851.962, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4851962.jpg'}, {'end': 937.355, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 912.414, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 918.097, 'text': 'It has to be simpler to simulate the mind than to simulate the universe because the mind is part of the universe.', 'start': 912.414, 'duration': 5.683}, {'end': 922.559, 'text': "And in order to fully simulate the universe, you're going to have to simulate the mind.", 'start': 918.537, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 927.224, 'text': "So, unless we're talking about partial simulations And I guess the question is which comes first?", 'start': 922.619, 'duration': 4.605}, {'end': 931.549, 'text': 'Does the mind come before the universe or does the universe come before the mind?', 'start': 927.765, 'duration': 3.784}, {'end': 937.355, 'text': 'So the mind could just be an emergent phenomena in this universe.', 'start': 932.61, 'duration': 4.745}], 'summary': 'Simulating mind vs. universe; mind as part of universe; emergence of mind in universe.', 'duration': 24.941, 'max_score': 912.414, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4912414.jpg'}, {'end': 1055.879, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1027.532, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1032.513, 'text': 'will you get consciousness?, Will you get thinking?, Will you get free will? And so on.', 'start': 1027.532, 'duration': 4.981}, {'end': 1037.035, 'text': "And that's something philosophers have argued over for years.", 'start': 1032.534, 'duration': 4.501}, {'end': 1042.556, 'text': 'My own view is if you simulate the brain well enough, that will also simulate the mind.', 'start': 1037.075, 'duration': 5.481}, {'end': 1044.377, 'text': "But yeah, there's plenty of people who would say no.", 'start': 1042.616, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 1050.998, 'text': "You'd merely get like a zombie system, a simulation of a brain without any true consciousness.", 'start': 1044.857, 'duration': 6.141}, {'end': 1055.879, 'text': 'But for you, you put together a brain, the consciousness comes with it, arrives naturally.', 'start': 1051.318, 'duration': 4.561}], 'summary': "Simulating the brain may simulate the mind, but some argue it won't achieve true consciousness.", 'duration': 28.347, 'max_score': 1027.532, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY41027531.jpg'}, {'end': 1152.949, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1123.667, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1131.256, 'text': 'So the computation, the flow, the processing, manipulation of information.', 'start': 1123.667, 'duration': 7.589}, {'end': 1137.183, 'text': 'the process, is where the consciousness, the software, is where the consciousness comes from, not the hardware.', 'start': 1131.256, 'duration': 5.927}, {'end': 1139.202, 'text': 'Roughly the software, yeah.', 'start': 1137.921, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 1145.645, 'text': 'The patterns of information processing, at least in the hardware, which we could view as software.', 'start': 1139.222, 'duration': 6.423}, {'end': 1152.949, 'text': 'It may not be something you can just like program and load and erase and so on in the way we can with ordinary software,', 'start': 1145.665, 'duration': 7.284}], 'summary': 'Consciousness originates from software, not hardware, through patterns of information processing.', 'duration': 29.282, 'max_score': 1123.667, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY41123667.jpg'}, {'end': 1627.478, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1603.332, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1610.563, 'text': "If you want literal splitting of consciousness into multiple copies, I think it's going to take something more radical than that.", 'start': 1603.332, 'duration': 7.231}, {'end': 1617.79, 'text': 'Like maybe you can run different simulations of your brain and different realities and then expose them to different histories.', 'start': 1610.623, 'duration': 7.167}, {'end': 1627.478, 'text': "And then you know you'd split yourself into 10 different simulated copies which then undergo different environments and then ultimately do become 10 very different consciousnesses.", 'start': 1617.87, 'duration': 9.608}], 'summary': 'To achieve literal splitting of consciousness into multiple copies, running different simulations of the brain in different realities and exposing them to different histories can lead to 10 distinct consciousnesses.', 'duration': 24.146, 'max_score': 1603.332, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY41603332.jpg'}], 'start': 829.396, 'title': 'Simulating mind and consciousness', 'summary': 'Explores creating simulations for entertainment, simulating mind versus universe, and the potential for creating consciousness in virtual worlds, addressing challenges and the possibility of splitting consciousness into multiple copies.', 'chapters': [{'end': 989.764, 'start': 829.396, 'title': 'Simulation of mind vs universe', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of creating simulations to alleviate boredom, the potential peak of existence being the entertainment of simulations, and the challenges of simulating the mind versus the universe.', 'duration': 160.368, 'highlights': ["Creating simulations to alleviate boredom and live through the experiences they've created is a potential solution for super intelligent beings, reflecting on the potential peak of their existence being the entertainment of simulations.", 'The challenge of simulating the mind versus the universe is discussed, with the idea that simulating the mind is simpler as it is part of the universe, and understanding the fundamentals of cognition and consciousness is required.', 'The discussion also explores the idea of creating a simulation akin to creating a family, and the comparison of the potential peak of existence being the entertainment of simulations to the significance of having children and watching them grow.']}, {'end': 1637.826, 'start': 989.824, 'title': 'Simulating consciousness in virtual worlds', 'summary': 'Discusses the simulation of the brain and its relation to consciousness, considering the possibility of creating consciousness in virtual worlds and the potential for splitting consciousness into multiple copies.', 'duration': 648.002, 'highlights': ['If you simulate the brain well enough, that will also simulate the mind. The speaker suggests that accurately simulating the brain will also simulate the mind, potentially leading to consciousness in virtual worlds.', 'The computation and the information processing, manipulation of information, is where the consciousness, the software, is where the consciousness comes from, not the hardware. The speaker emphasizes that consciousness is rooted in the patterns of information processing rather than specific biology, supporting the idea of creating consciousness in virtual worlds.', 'The potential for splitting consciousness into multiple copies would require radical methods such as running different simulations of the brain and exposing them to different histories. The concept of splitting consciousness into multiple copies is discussed, suggesting that it would require advanced methods and technologies such as brain simulations and AGI.']}], 'duration': 808.43, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY4829396.jpg', 'highlights': ['Creating simulations for entertainment is a potential solution for super intelligent beings, reflecting on the potential peak of their existence being the entertainment of simulations.', 'Simulating the mind versus the universe is discussed, with the idea that simulating the mind is simpler as it is part of the universe, and understanding the fundamentals of cognition and consciousness is required.', 'The potential for splitting consciousness into multiple copies would require radical methods such as running different simulations of the brain and exposing them to different histories.', 'If you simulate the brain well enough, that will also simulate the mind, potentially leading to consciousness in virtual worlds.', 'The computation and the information processing, manipulation of information, is where the consciousness, the software, is where the consciousness comes from, not the hardware.', 'The discussion also explores the idea of creating a simulation akin to creating a family, and the comparison of the potential peak of existence being the entertainment of simulations to the significance of having children and watching them grow.']}, {'end': 2340.131, 'segs': [{'end': 1665.945, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1637.846, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1643.809, 'text': "So, before any of that happens, it's fundamentally you see it as a singular consciousness.", 'start': 1637.846, 'duration': 5.963}, {'end': 1650.452, 'text': "even though it's experiencing different environments, virtual or not, it's still connected to same set of memories,", 'start': 1643.809, 'duration': 6.643}, {'end': 1657.755, 'text': 'same set of experiences and therefore one sort of joint conscious system.', 'start': 1650.452, 'duration': 7.303}, {'end': 1665.945, 'text': 'Yeah, or at least no more multiple than the kind of multiple consciousness that we get from inhabiting different environments in a non-virtual world.', 'start': 1658.263, 'duration': 7.682}], 'summary': 'A singular consciousness connected by same memories and experiences in different environments.', 'duration': 28.099, 'max_score': 1637.846, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY41637846.jpg'}, {'end': 1815.186, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1788.216, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1791.437, 'text': 'thinking about the mind that I read about this phenomenon called synesthesia.', 'start': 1788.216, 'duration': 3.221}, {'end': 1793.531, 'text': "And it's like, hey, That's what I had.", 'start': 1791.457, 'duration': 2.074}, {'end': 1798.155, 'text': 'And now I occasionally talk about it in my classes, in intro class, and it still happens sometimes.', 'start': 1793.951, 'duration': 4.204}, {'end': 1800.797, 'text': 'A student comes up and says, hey, I have that.', 'start': 1798.635, 'duration': 2.162}, {'end': 1801.818, 'text': 'I never knew about that.', 'start': 1801.138, 'duration': 0.68}, {'end': 1802.859, 'text': 'I never knew it had a name.', 'start': 1801.978, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 1807.183, 'text': 'You said that it went away at age 20 or so.', 'start': 1804.701, 'duration': 2.482}, {'end': 1815.186, 'text': "Mm-hmm And that you have a journal entry from around then saying songs don't have colors anymore.", 'start': 1807.383, 'duration': 7.803}], 'summary': 'Synesthesia discussed in class; students relate, persists past age 20.', 'duration': 26.97, 'max_score': 1788.216, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY41788216.jpg'}, {'end': 1981.062, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1949.111, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1951.614, 'text': "I've got a stream of thoughts running through my head.", 'start': 1949.111, 'duration': 2.503}, {'end': 1956.2, 'text': 'These are all things that I experience from the first person point of view.', 'start': 1951.654, 'duration': 4.546}, {'end': 1958.944, 'text': "I've sometimes called this the inner movie in the mind.", 'start': 1956.24, 'duration': 2.704}, {'end': 1961.527, 'text': "It's not a perfect metaphor.", 'start': 1959.084, 'duration': 2.443}, {'end': 1964.19, 'text': "It's not like a movie in every way and it's very rich.", 'start': 1961.587, 'duration': 2.603}, {'end': 1969.294, 'text': "But yeah, it's just direct, subjective experience.", 'start': 1965.672, 'duration': 3.622}, {'end': 1971.276, 'text': 'And I call that consciousness.', 'start': 1969.374, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 1975.438, 'text': 'Or sometimes philosophers use the word qualia, which you suggested.', 'start': 1971.416, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 1981.062, 'text': 'People tend to use the word qualia for things like the qualities of things like colors, redness,', 'start': 1975.478, 'duration': 5.584}], 'summary': 'Consciousness is the subjective experience of the inner movie in the mind, also known as qualia.', 'duration': 31.951, 'max_score': 1949.111, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY41949111.jpg'}, {'end': 2154.886, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2119.711, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2131.756, 'text': "You just made me realize for a second maybe it's a totally dumb realization, but nevertheless that it's a useful way to think about.", 'start': 2119.711, 'duration': 12.045}, {'end': 2140.56, 'text': "the creation of consciousness is looking at a baby, so that there's a certain point at which that baby is not conscious.", 'start': 2131.756, 'duration': 8.804}, {'end': 2148.064, 'text': "The baby starts from maybe, I don't know, from a few cells.", 'start': 2141.841, 'duration': 6.223}, {'end': 2153.385, 'text': "There's a certain point at which consciousness arrives.", 'start': 2149.564, 'duration': 3.821}, {'end': 2154.886, 'text': "It's conscious.", 'start': 2154.346, 'duration': 0.54}], 'summary': 'The creation of consciousness in a baby starts from a few cells and reaches a certain point of consciousness.', 'duration': 35.175, 'max_score': 2119.711, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42119711.jpg'}, {'end': 2293.755, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2270.948, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2280.291, 'text': "So if you could talk about, if you can linger on panpsychism for a little bit, what does it mean? So it's not just plants are conscious.", 'start': 2270.948, 'duration': 9.343}, {'end': 2284.532, 'text': "I mean, it's that consciousness is a fundamental fabric of reality.", 'start': 2280.951, 'duration': 3.581}, {'end': 2286.552, 'text': 'What does that mean to you?', 'start': 2285.392, 'duration': 1.16}, {'end': 2288.853, 'text': 'How are we supposed to think about that?', 'start': 2287.393, 'duration': 1.46}, {'end': 2293.755, 'text': "Well, we're used to the idea that some things in the world are fundamental, right?", 'start': 2289.653, 'duration': 4.102}], 'summary': 'Panpsychism posits consciousness as fundamental to reality, challenging traditional views.', 'duration': 22.807, 'max_score': 2270.948, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42270948.jpg'}], 'start': 1637.846, 'title': 'Consciousness and synesthesia', 'summary': 'Delves into the concept of singular consciousness and synesthesia, discussing the association of colors with music before the synesthesia faded at the age of 20. it also explores understanding consciousness, qualia, the hard problem of consciousness, panpsychism, and the creation of consciousness in babies.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1851.486, 'start': 1637.846, 'title': 'Singular consciousness and synesthesia', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of a singular consciousness experiencing different environments and the experience of synesthesia, where the speaker associated colors with music, with examples of songs and their associated colors, before the synesthesia faded away at the age of 20.', 'duration': 213.64, 'highlights': ['The speaker describes experiencing a singular consciousness connected to the same set of memories and experiences, even in different environments, virtual or not.', 'The speaker shares the experience of synesthesia, where they associated colors with music, providing examples of songs and their associated colors, before the synesthesia faded away at the age of 20.', "The synesthesia often goes away, and the speaker didn't have much association with emotion or value regarding the perception of color associated with music.", 'The speaker discusses the synesthesia phenomenon and how they occasionally talk about it in their classes, with students sometimes coming forward to share similar experiences.']}, {'end': 2340.131, 'start': 1851.666, 'title': 'Understanding consciousness and synesthesia', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of consciousness, qualia, and the hard problem of consciousness, addressing the subjective experience, the mystery of phenomenal consciousness, and the potential of panpsychism, while also touching on synesthesia and the creation of consciousness in babies.', 'duration': 488.465, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the subjective experience, defining consciousness as the inner movie in the mind that includes visual images, hearing, emotional tone, and stream of thoughts from the first person point of view. Provides insights into the subjective experience of consciousness.', 'It delves into the mystery of phenomenal consciousness and the hard problem of explaining how physical processes in the brain give rise to subjective experience, posing questions about the creation of consciousness and the potential of AI machines being conscious. Addresses the mystery and challenges of explaining phenomenal consciousness and the creation of consciousness in AI machines.', 'Explores the potential of panpsychism, suggesting that consciousness is a fundamental fabric of reality, and discusses the liberal ascribing of consciousness to animals, including the controversial issue of consciousness in fetuses and the animal kingdom. Discusses the concept of panpsychism and the liberal ascribing of consciousness to animals, including controversial issues.', "Touches on synesthesia, highlighting the different forms it can take for individuals and emphasizing the varying degrees of its impact on people's lives. Provides insights into the different forms and impact of synesthesia.", 'Addresses the creation of consciousness in babies, discussing the point at which consciousness arrives and the question of consciousness in newborn babies and the animal kingdom. Explores the concept of consciousness creation in babies and the animal kingdom.']}], 'duration': 702.285, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY41637846.jpg', 'highlights': ['The speaker describes experiencing a singular consciousness connected to the same set of memories and experiences, even in different environments, virtual or not.', 'The chapter discusses the subjective experience, defining consciousness as the inner movie in the mind that includes visual images, hearing, emotional tone, and stream of thoughts from the first person point of view.', 'Explores the potential of panpsychism, suggesting that consciousness is a fundamental fabric of reality, and discusses the liberal ascribing of consciousness to animals, including the controversial issue of consciousness in fetuses and the animal kingdom.', 'The speaker shares the experience of synesthesia, where they associated colors with music, providing examples of songs and their associated colors, before the synesthesia faded away at the age of 20.', 'Addresses the creation of consciousness in babies, discussing the point at which consciousness arrives and the question of consciousness in newborn babies and the animal kingdom.']}, {'end': 3085.548, 'segs': [{'end': 2364.425, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2340.131, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2346.114, 'text': 'so i at least take seriously the possibility something like that could happen with consciousness.', 'start': 2340.131, 'duration': 5.983}, {'end': 2356.1, 'text': 'take it as a fundamental property like space, time and mass, and instead of trying to explain consciousness wholly in terms of the evolution of space,', 'start': 2346.114, 'duration': 9.986}, {'end': 2364.425, 'text': 'time and mass and so on, take it as a primitive and then connect it to everything else by some fundamental laws.', 'start': 2356.1, 'duration': 8.325}], 'summary': 'Consider consciousness as a fundamental property, connected to everything by fundamental laws.', 'duration': 24.294, 'max_score': 2340.131, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42340131.jpg'}, {'end': 2425.567, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2388.623, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2390.605, 'text': 'Those are the easy problems of consciousness.', 'start': 2388.623, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 2394.549, 'text': 'But the hard problem was this problem about subjective experience.', 'start': 2390.645, 'duration': 3.904}, {'end': 2398.393, 'text': "just doesn't look like that kind of problem about structure dynamics, how things behave.", 'start': 2394.549, 'duration': 3.844}, {'end': 2403.938, 'text': "So it's hard to see how existing physics is going to give you a full explanation of that.", 'start': 2398.833, 'duration': 5.105}, {'end': 2408.28, 'text': 'Certainly trying to get a physics view of consciousness, yes.', 'start': 2404.779, 'duration': 3.501}, {'end': 2413.742, 'text': 'There has to be a connecting point, and it could be at the very axiomatic, at the very beginning level.', 'start': 2408.52, 'duration': 5.222}, {'end': 2425.567, 'text': "But first of all, there's a crazy idea that sort of everything has properties of consciousness.", 'start': 2414.203, 'duration': 11.364}], 'summary': 'The hard problem of consciousness is about subjective experience, challenging the explanation by existing physics.', 'duration': 36.944, 'max_score': 2388.623, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42388623.jpg'}, {'end': 2847.476, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2785.716, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2789.857, 'text': 'but if you want a picture of what that universe would be like, think yeah,', 'start': 2785.716, 'duration': 4.141}, {'end': 2795.478, 'text': 'giant cosmic mind with enough richness and structure among it to replicate all the structure of physics.', 'start': 2789.857, 'duration': 5.621}, {'end': 2802.36, 'text': 'I think, therefore, I am at the level of particles and with quantum mechanics at the level of the wave function.', 'start': 2796.679, 'duration': 5.681}, {'end': 2806.341, 'text': "It's kind of an exciting..", 'start': 2803.84, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 2811.389, 'text': 'beautiful possibility, of course way out of reach of physics.', 'start': 2808.288, 'duration': 3.101}, {'end': 2820.99, 'text': 'currently, it is interesting that some neuroscientists are beginning to take panpsychism seriously, that you find consciousness even in very,', 'start': 2811.389, 'duration': 9.601}, {'end': 2822.871, 'text': 'in very simple systems.', 'start': 2820.99, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 2828.092, 'text': 'so, for example, the integrated information theory of consciousness a lot of neuroscientists are taking seriously.', 'start': 2822.871, 'duration': 5.221}, {'end': 2836.973, 'text': "actually, i just got this new book by christoph koch, just came in the feeling of life itself why consciousness is widespread but can't be computed.", 'start': 2828.092, 'duration': 8.881}, {'end': 2847.476, 'text': 'He basically endorses a panpsychist view where you get consciousness with the degree of information processing or integrated information processing in a system.', 'start': 2837.333, 'duration': 10.143}], 'summary': 'Panpsychism suggests consciousness in simple systems, a concept gaining traction in neuroscience.', 'duration': 61.76, 'max_score': 2785.716, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42785716.jpg'}, {'end': 2836.973, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2811.389, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2820.99, 'text': 'currently, it is interesting that some neuroscientists are beginning to take panpsychism seriously, that you find consciousness even in very,', 'start': 2811.389, 'duration': 9.601}, {'end': 2822.871, 'text': 'in very simple systems.', 'start': 2820.99, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 2828.092, 'text': 'so, for example, the integrated information theory of consciousness a lot of neuroscientists are taking seriously.', 'start': 2822.871, 'duration': 5.221}, {'end': 2836.973, 'text': "actually, i just got this new book by christoph koch, just came in the feeling of life itself why consciousness is widespread but can't be computed.", 'start': 2828.092, 'duration': 8.881}], 'summary': "Neuroscientists are exploring panpsychism and the integrated information theory of consciousness, as seen in christoph koch's new book.", 'duration': 25.584, 'max_score': 2811.389, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42811389.jpg'}, {'end': 2876.047, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2847.516, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2852.297, 'text': 'And even very, very simple systems, like a couple of particles, will have some degree of this.', 'start': 2847.516, 'duration': 4.781}, {'end': 2855.898, 'text': 'So he ends up with some degree of consciousness in all matter.', 'start': 2852.797, 'duration': 3.101}, {'end': 2860.039, 'text': 'And the claim is that this theory can actually explain a bunch of stuff.', 'start': 2855.998, 'duration': 4.041}, {'end': 2863.552, 'text': 'about the connection between the brain and consciousness.', 'start': 2861.57, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 2864.714, 'text': "Now, that's very controversial.", 'start': 2863.572, 'duration': 1.142}, {'end': 2867.978, 'text': "I think it's very, very early days in the science of consciousness.", 'start': 2865.415, 'duration': 2.563}, {'end': 2872.663, 'text': "It's interesting that it's not just philosophy that might lead you in this direction,", 'start': 2868.018, 'duration': 4.645}, {'end': 2876.047, 'text': 'but there are ways of thinking quasi-scientifically that lead you there too.', 'start': 2872.663, 'duration': 3.384}], 'summary': 'Theory claims all matter has some degree of consciousness, controversial in science of consciousness.', 'duration': 28.531, 'max_score': 2847.516, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42847516.jpg'}, {'end': 2998.981, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2959.972, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2968.739, 'text': "I think it's generally regarded, certainly as a speculative view held by a fairly small minority of at least theorists.", 'start': 2959.972, 'duration': 8.767}, {'end': 2974.564, 'text': 'Most philosophers and most scientists who think about consciousness are not panpsychists.', 'start': 2968.839, 'duration': 5.725}, {'end': 2977.346, 'text': "There's been a bit of a movement in that direction the last 10 years or so.", 'start': 2974.584, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 2983.511, 'text': "It seems to be quite popular, especially among the younger generation, but it's still very definitely a minority view.", 'start': 2977.366, 'duration': 6.145}, {'end': 2987.994, 'text': "Many people think it's totally batshit crazy to use the technical term.", 'start': 2984.011, 'duration': 3.983}, {'end': 2991.336, 'text': "It's a philosophical term.", 'start': 2989.455, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 2998.981, 'text': 'So the orthodox view, I think, is still consciousness is something that humans have and some good number of non-human animals have.', 'start': 2991.356, 'duration': 7.625}], 'summary': 'Panpsychism is a minority view, gaining popularity, but still regarded as speculative and not widely accepted among philosophers and scientists.', 'duration': 39.009, 'max_score': 2959.972, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42959972.jpg'}, {'end': 3085.548, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3058.496, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 3064.22, 'text': 'Actually, my colleague here at NYU, Tom Nagel, wrote a book called Mind and Cosmos a few years ago,', 'start': 3058.496, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 3069.103, 'text': 'where he argued for this teleological view of evolution toward consciousness.', 'start': 3064.22, 'duration': 4.883}, {'end': 3072.104, 'text': 'saying this led to problems for Darwinism.', 'start': 3069.103, 'duration': 3.001}, {'end': 3075.065, 'text': 'This is very, very controversial.', 'start': 3072.124, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 3076.565, 'text': "Most people didn't agree.", 'start': 3075.145, 'duration': 1.42}, {'end': 3085.548, 'text': "I don't myself agree with this teleological view, but it is at least a beautiful speculative view of the cosmos.", 'start': 3076.665, 'duration': 8.883}], 'summary': "Colleague tom nagel argued for teleological evolution at nyu, but it's controversial and not widely accepted.", 'duration': 27.052, 'max_score': 3058.496, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43058496.jpg'}], 'start': 2340.131, 'title': 'Consciousness as fundamental property', 'summary': 'Discusses the possibility of consciousness as a fundamental property, distinct from existing physics, challenging our understanding of the world, and explores panpsychism and its implications, including controversial views on the evolution of consciousness.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2563.175, 'start': 2340.131, 'title': 'Fundamental property of consciousness', 'summary': 'Discusses the possibility of consciousness being a fundamental property, distinct from existing physics, and explores the idea that everything may possess consciousness, challenging our current understanding of the world.', 'duration': 223.044, 'highlights': ['Consciousness as a fundamental property The speaker suggests considering consciousness as a fundamental property similar to space, time, and mass, separate from the current physics framework.', 'Hard problem of consciousness Existing physics appears inadequate in explaining the hard problem of consciousness, which pertains to subjective experiences, challenging the current understanding of structure and dynamics.', 'Challenges to current understanding of consciousness The idea that everything, including non-living entities like atoms and robots, may possess consciousness challenges the current understanding of consciousness, raising questions about our fundamental understanding of the world.', 'Anthropomorphizing living and non-living entities The speaker reflects on anthropomorphizing plants, robots, and neural networks, acknowledging challenges in understanding consciousness beyond human experiences and dimensions.']}, {'end': 3085.548, 'start': 2564.456, 'title': 'Consciousness in reality', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of panpsychism and its implications, including the possibility of consciousness as a fundamental property of reality, the speculative nature of theories like pan-proto-psychism and cosmopsychism, and the controversial views on the evolution of consciousness, with a minority of theorists holding panpsychism as a speculative view.', 'duration': 521.092, 'highlights': ['Panpsychism and the possibility of consciousness as a fundamental property The chapter delves into the concept of panpsychism and its implication that consciousness is a fundamental property of reality, challenging existing fundamentals and raising the possibility of adding proto-consciousness or X to space, time, and mass.', 'Speculative views like pan-proto-psychism and Cosmopsychism The transcript presents speculative views such as pan-proto-psychism and Cosmopsychism as potential explanations for the origin of consciousness, with the former suggesting the existence of genuine consciousness at the bottom level and the latter proposing a single conscious mind corresponding to the structure of the wave function.', "Neuroscientists' interest in panpsychism and integrated information theory of consciousness The discussion highlights the emerging interest among neuroscientists in panpsychism, particularly the integrated information theory of consciousness, as exemplified by the work of neuroscientist Christoph Koch, who endorses a panpsychist view linking consciousness to the degree of information processing in systems.", 'Controversial views on the evolution of consciousness and teleological perspectives The chapter explores controversial perspectives on the evolution of consciousness, including the teleological view of evolution toward consciousness, as well as the implications of consciousness for the meaning and value of the universe, with some theorists proposing a teleological view of the cosmos.']}], 'duration': 745.417, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY42340131.jpg', 'highlights': ['Consciousness as a fundamental property similar to space, time, and mass', 'Panpsychism and the possibility of consciousness as a fundamental property challenging existing fundamentals', 'Hard problem of consciousness challenging the current understanding of structure and dynamics', 'Challenges to current understanding of consciousness, including non-living entities possessing consciousness', 'Speculative views like pan-proto-psychism and Cosmopsychism as potential explanations for the origin of consciousness', "Neuroscientists' interest in panpsychism and integrated information theory of consciousness", 'Controversial views on the evolution of consciousness and teleological perspectives', 'Anthropomorphizing living and non-living entities, acknowledging challenges in understanding consciousness beyond human experiences']}, {'end': 3606.173, 'segs': [{'end': 3163.858, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3113.829, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3119.531, 'text': 'I mean, the actual experience of that people really have a deep connection with God in some cases.', 'start': 3113.829, 'duration': 5.702}, {'end': 3135.142, 'text': "What do you think that experience is? It's so common, at least throughout the history of civilization, that it seems like we seek that.", 'start': 3120.971, 'duration': 14.171}, {'end': 3145.309, 'text': "At the very least, it's an interesting conscious experience that people have when they experience religious awe or prayer and so on.", 'start': 3136.403, 'duration': 8.906}, {'end': 3150.712, 'text': 'Neuroscientists have tried to examine what bits of the brain are active and so on.', 'start': 3145.329, 'duration': 5.383}, {'end': 3155.215, 'text': "But yeah, there's this deeper question of what are people looking for when they're doing this?", 'start': 3150.752, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 3163.858, 'text': "Like I said, I've got no real expertise on this, but it does seem that one thing people are after is a sense of meaning and value,", 'start': 3156.616, 'duration': 7.242}], 'summary': 'People seek deep connection with god for a sense of meaning and value.', 'duration': 50.029, 'max_score': 3113.829, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43113829.jpg'}, {'end': 3349.23, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3320.941, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3327.284, 'text': 'So without consciousness, no meaning, consciousness invests our life with meaning.', 'start': 3320.941, 'duration': 6.343}, {'end': 3330.605, 'text': 'So consciousness is the source, of my view, of the meaning of life.', 'start': 3327.324, 'duration': 3.281}, {'end': 3334.727, 'text': "But I wouldn't say consciousness itself is the meaning of life.", 'start': 3330.645, 'duration': 4.082}, {'end': 3342.629, 'text': "I'd say what's meaningful in life is basically what we find meaningful, what we experience as meaningful.", 'start': 3334.767, 'duration': 7.862}, {'end': 3349.23, 'text': 'So if you find meaning and fulfillment and value in, say, intellectual work like understanding,', 'start': 3342.669, 'duration': 6.561}], 'summary': 'Consciousness invests life with meaning; meaningful life involves what we find valuable and fulfilling, such as intellectual work.', 'duration': 28.289, 'max_score': 3320.941, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43320941.jpg'}, {'end': 3399.814, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3368.696, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3371.437, 'text': 'no universal answer to the question what is the meaning of life?', 'start': 3368.696, 'duration': 2.741}, {'end': 3377.979, 'text': "The meaning of life is where you find it as a conscious creature, but it's consciousness that somehow makes value possible.", 'start': 3371.477, 'duration': 6.502}, {'end': 3384.341, 'text': 'Experiencing some things as good or as bad or as meaningful somehow comes from within consciousness.', 'start': 3378.039, 'duration': 6.302}, {'end': 3392.484, 'text': 'So you think consciousness is a crucial component, ingredient of assigning value to things?', 'start': 3384.601, 'duration': 7.883}, {'end': 3399.814, 'text': "I mean it's kind of a fairly strong intuition that without consciousness there wouldn't really be any value.", 'start': 3393.673, 'duration': 6.141}], 'summary': 'Consciousness plays a crucial role in assigning value to life and experiences.', 'duration': 31.118, 'max_score': 3368.696, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43368696.jpg'}, {'end': 3589.065, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3557.782, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3563.571, 'text': "I mean, of course, there's this tricky thing question of how you would know whether they're conscious.", 'start': 3557.782, 'duration': 5.789}, {'end': 3567.673, 'text': "But let's say we've somehow solved that, and we know that these high functioning robots aren't conscious.", 'start': 3563.631, 'duration': 4.042}, {'end': 3576.78, 'text': "Then the question is, do they have moral status? Does it matter how we treat them? What does moral status mean? Basically, it's that question.", 'start': 3567.914, 'duration': 8.866}, {'end': 3589.065, 'text': "Can they suffer? Does it matter how we treat them? For example, if I mistreat this glass, this cup by shattering it, Then that's bad.", 'start': 3577.22, 'duration': 11.845}], 'summary': 'Debating moral status of conscious, high functioning robots and their treatment.', 'duration': 31.283, 'max_score': 3557.782, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43557782.jpg'}], 'start': 3086.488, 'title': 'Seeking meaning and consciousness', 'summary': 'Explores the human quest for connection with god and the role of consciousness in assigning meaning to life. it examines the desire for religious experiences and the potential impact of a universal consciousness, highlighting the subjective nature of meaning.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3163.858, 'start': 3086.488, 'title': 'Seeking meaning: connection with god', 'summary': 'Explores the human quest for a deep connection with god, examining the desire for meaning and value in religious experiences, reflecting on the widespread nature of such pursuits throughout history.', 'duration': 77.37, 'highlights': ['Neuroscientists have attempted to study the brain activity during religious experiences, highlighting the scientific interest in understanding the phenomenon.', 'The discussion delves into the commonality of seeking a sense of meaning and value through religious practices, indicating the widespread nature of this pursuit throughout history.', 'The speaker, despite lacking expertise in religious matters, raises the question of what individuals seek when engaging in prayer and religious activities, emphasizing the universal intrigue regarding the purpose behind such experiences.']}, {'end': 3606.173, 'start': 3163.858, 'title': 'Consciousness and the meaning of life', 'summary': 'Discusses the role of consciousness in assigning meaning to life, the potential impact of a universal consciousness, and the ethical implications of consciousness in moral decision-making, highlighting the subjective nature of meaning and the potential moral status of high-functioning robots.', 'duration': 442.315, 'highlights': ['Consciousness as the source of meaning in life The speaker argues that consciousness is the origin of meaning in life, as it allows individuals to invest their experiences with value and significance.', 'Subjective nature of meaning The chapter emphasizes that the meaning of life is subjective and varies from person to person based on what they value and find meaningful as conscious creatures.', 'Ethical implications of consciousness The discussion delves into the ethical dilemmas related to consciousness, such as the moral status of conscious beings and the potential impact on moral decision-making.', 'Moral status of high-functioning robots The chapter raises the question of whether high-functioning robots without consciousness should have moral status and be considered in ethical treatment, highlighting the evolving capabilities of artificial intelligence.']}], 'duration': 519.685, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43086488.jpg', 'highlights': ['Neuroscientists study brain activity during religious experiences, showing scientific interest.', 'Commonality of seeking meaning through religious practices indicates widespread pursuit throughout history.', 'Consciousness is the source of meaning in life, allowing individuals to invest experiences with value.', 'Meaning of life is subjective, varying based on what individuals value as conscious creatures.', 'Ethical dilemmas related to consciousness, including moral status of conscious beings and impact on decision-making.', 'Question raised on moral status of high-functioning robots without consciousness, considering evolving AI capabilities.']}, {'end': 4651.355, 'segs': [{'end': 3677.235, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3651.735, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3660.048, 'text': 'So I think our strong sense is if a being is conscious and can undergo subjective experiences, then it matters morally how we treat them.', 'start': 3651.735, 'duration': 8.313}, {'end': 3662.592, 'text': 'So if a robot is conscious, it matters.', 'start': 3660.388, 'duration': 2.204}, {'end': 3670.292, 'text': "But if a robot is not conscious, And they're basically just meat or a machine and it doesn't matter.", 'start': 3663.032, 'duration': 7.26}, {'end': 3677.235, 'text': 'So I think at least maybe how we think about this stuff is fundamentally wrong, but I think a lot of people who think about this stuff seriously,', 'start': 3670.352, 'duration': 6.883}], 'summary': 'Moral treatment depends on robot consciousness, some believe a rethink is needed.', 'duration': 25.5, 'max_score': 3651.735, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43651735.jpg'}, {'end': 3910.233, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3870.527, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3874.469, 'text': 'Maybe the AI system is going to be way beyond the hard problem of consciousness.', 'start': 3870.527, 'duration': 3.942}, {'end': 3881.894, 'text': 'Why do I need to waste my time pretending that I recognize the hard problem of consciousness in order for people to recognize me as conscious?', 'start': 3874.789, 'duration': 7.105}, {'end': 3887.144, 'text': "Yeah, it just feels like I guess the question is do you think there's a?", 'start': 3882.222, 'duration': 4.922}, {'end': 3893.166, 'text': "we can never really create a test for consciousness, because it feels like we're very human, centric.", 'start': 3887.144, 'duration': 6.022}, {'end': 3910.233, 'text': "And so the only way we would be convinced that something is consciousness but is basically the thing demonstrates the illusion of consciousness that we can never really know whether it's conscious or not.", 'start': 3894.006, 'duration': 16.227}], 'summary': 'Debating the difficulty of recognizing consciousness in ai.', 'duration': 39.706, 'max_score': 3870.527, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43870527.jpg'}, {'end': 3962.251, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3936.936, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3941.899, 'text': "And it's true that it's awfully hard to see how we can know for sure whether a system is conscious.", 'start': 3936.936, 'duration': 4.963}, {'end': 3952.385, 'text': "I suspect that, sociologically, the thing that's going to convince us that a system is conscious is, in part, things like social interaction,", 'start': 3942.399, 'duration': 9.986}, {'end': 3955.647, 'text': 'conversation and so on, where they seem to be conscious.', 'start': 3952.385, 'duration': 3.262}, {'end': 3962.251, 'text': 'They talk about their conscious states or just talk about being happy or sad or finding things meaningful or being in pain.', 'start': 3956.047, 'duration': 6.204}], 'summary': 'Consciousness in ai may be gauged through social interaction and communication about experiences.', 'duration': 25.315, 'max_score': 3936.936, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43936936.jpg'}, {'end': 4003.469, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3977.328, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3984.395, 'text': 'by the way, i i believe that there is going to be something akin to the civil rights movement, but for robots.', 'start': 3977.328, 'duration': 7.067}, {'end': 3991.781, 'text': "I think the moment you have a Roomba say, please don't kick me, that hurts.", 'start': 3985.696, 'duration': 6.085}, {'end': 3992.621, 'text': 'Just say it.', 'start': 3992.081, 'duration': 0.54}, {'end': 3999.767, 'text': 'I think that will fundamentally change the fabric of our society.', 'start': 3993.882, 'duration': 5.885}, {'end': 4003.469, 'text': "I think you're probably right, although it's going to be very tricky, because just say,", 'start': 4000.307, 'duration': 3.162}], 'summary': 'Prediction of a civil rights movement for robots, impacting society.', 'duration': 26.141, 'max_score': 3977.328, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43977328.jpg'}, {'end': 4093.399, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4060.056, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4065.519, 'text': "I think they'd both be conscious and they both have many of the same mental properties.", 'start': 4060.056, 'duration': 5.463}, {'end': 4068.54, 'text': 'I think they both in a way have the same moral status.', 'start': 4065.899, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 4073.763, 'text': "It'd be wrong to hurt either of them or to kill them and so on.", 'start': 4069.441, 'duration': 4.322}, {'end': 4078.467, 'text': "Still, there's some sense in which probably their legal status would have to be different.", 'start': 4074.643, 'duration': 3.824}, {'end': 4083.336, 'text': "If I'm the original and that one's just a clone, then you know creating a clone of me.", 'start': 4078.507, 'duration': 4.829}, {'end': 4093.399, 'text': "presumably the clone doesn't, for example, automatically own the stuff that I own, or you know, I've got to.", 'start': 4083.336, 'duration': 10.063}], 'summary': 'Clones and originals have similar moral status, but legal differences may exist.', 'duration': 33.343, 'max_score': 4060.056, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44060056.jpg'}, {'end': 4154.054, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4127.277, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4133.182, 'text': "It's an interesting philosophical question, but you might say, because I actually have this history.", 'start': 4127.277, 'duration': 5.905}, {'end': 4140.649, 'text': "if I am the same person as the one that came before and the clone is not, then I have this history that the clone doesn't.", 'start': 4133.182, 'duration': 7.467}, {'end': 4147.528, 'text': "Of course, there's also the question, Isn't the clone the same person too? This is the question about personal identity.", 'start': 4140.669, 'duration': 6.859}, {'end': 4154.054, 'text': 'If I continue and I create a clone over there, I want to say this one is me and this one is someone else.', 'start': 4147.568, 'duration': 6.486}], 'summary': 'Discussion on personal identity and the creation of clones.', 'duration': 26.777, 'max_score': 4127.277, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44127277.jpg'}, {'end': 4383.65, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4356.408, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 4361.252, 'text': "And this is what people call the compatibilist view of free will, where it's compatible with determinism.", 'start': 4356.408, 'duration': 4.844}, {'end': 4367.637, 'text': 'So for many purposes, the kind of free will that matters is something we can have in a deterministic universe.', 'start': 4361.292, 'duration': 6.345}, {'end': 4374.002, 'text': "And I can't see any reason in principle why an AI system couldn't have free will of that kind.", 'start': 4368.158, 'duration': 5.844}, {'end': 4381.167, 'text': 'If you mean super duper free will, the ability to violate the laws of physics and doing things that in principle could not be predicted.', 'start': 4374.423, 'duration': 6.744}, {'end': 4383.65, 'text': "I don't know, maybe no one has that kind of free will.", 'start': 4381.768, 'duration': 1.882}], 'summary': 'Compatibilist free will can exist in a deterministic universe, including for ai systems. super duper free will, violating laws of physics, may not exist.', 'duration': 27.242, 'max_score': 4356.408, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44356408.jpg'}, {'end': 4448.365, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4419.322, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 4422.687, 'text': 'So we experience these things as if the future is open.', 'start': 4419.322, 'duration': 3.365}, {'end': 4433.401, 'text': 'Maybe we experience ourselves as exerting a kind of effect on the future that somehow picking out one path from many paths were previously open.', 'start': 4422.807, 'duration': 10.594}, {'end': 4439.863, 'text': "And you might think that actually, if we're in a deterministic universe, there's a sense in which, objectively,", 'start': 4434.501, 'duration': 5.362}, {'end': 4444.924, 'text': "those paths weren't really open all along, but subjectively they were open.", 'start': 4439.863, 'duration': 5.061}, {'end': 4448.365, 'text': "And that's, I think that's what really matters in making a decision.", 'start': 4445.764, 'duration': 2.601}], 'summary': 'Subjectively, we feel we exert an effect on the future, even in a deterministic universe.', 'duration': 29.043, 'max_score': 4419.322, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44419322.jpg'}, {'end': 4539.254, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4512.623, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 4516.805, 'text': 'There is this very interesting view that consciousness itself is an introspective illusion.', 'start': 4512.623, 'duration': 4.182}, {'end': 4520.886, 'text': "In fact, we're not conscious,", 'start': 4517.565, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 4530.65, 'text': 'but the brain just has these introspective models of itself or oversimplifies everything and represents itself as having these special properties of consciousness.', 'start': 4520.886, 'duration': 9.764}, {'end': 4539.254, 'text': "It's a really simple way to kind of keep track of itself and so on and then On the illusionist view, yeah, that's just an illusion.", 'start': 4531.11, 'duration': 8.144}], 'summary': 'Consciousness may be an introspective illusion, not a real state of being.', 'duration': 26.631, 'max_score': 4512.623, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44512623.jpg'}], 'start': 3607.714, 'title': 'Ai consciousness and robot rights', 'summary': 'Delves into ai consciousness, discussing moral implications, challenges in identifying consciousness, potential civil rights for robots, ethical concerns of creating conscious clones, and philosophical questions on free will and personal identity.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3977.328, 'start': 3607.714, 'title': 'Consciousness in ai morality', 'summary': 'Discusses the moral implications of consciousness in ai, highlighting the importance of subjective experiences in determining moral treatment and the challenges in identifying consciousness in ai systems.', 'duration': 369.614, 'highlights': ['The moral implications of consciousness in AI are significant, as subjective experiences determine how we treat AI systems. Subjective experiences are key in determining moral treatment; consciousness in AI has moral implications.', 'Identifying consciousness in AI systems poses a challenge, as it is difficult to ascertain if a system is truly conscious. Challenges in identifying consciousness in AI systems; difficulty in ascertaining true consciousness.', 'Social interaction and conversation, where AI systems express conscious states, may convince us of their consciousness. Social interaction and conversation as indicators of consciousness; expression of conscious states convinces us.']}, {'end': 4292.253, 'start': 3977.328, 'title': 'Robot civil rights: cloning and consciousness', 'summary': 'Discusses the potential emergence of a civil rights movement for robots, the ethical implications of creating conscious clones, and the philosophical questions surrounding personal identity and free will in the context of cloning and consciousness.', 'duration': 314.925, 'highlights': ['The potential emergence of a civil rights movement for robots is discussed, with the belief that the moment a robot expresses pain, it will fundamentally change society. Potential emergence of a civil rights movement for robots; impact of robots expressing pain on society.', 'The ethical and moral implications of creating conscious clones are explored, with the assertion that clones should have the same moral status as the original and the anticipation of a complex civil rights issue. Ethical and moral implications of creating conscious clones; clones should have the same moral status as the original.', 'The philosophical questions surrounding personal identity, legal status, and discrimination against clones are examined in the context of creating and interacting with clones. Philosophical questions about personal identity, legal status, and discrimination against clones.']}, {'end': 4651.355, 'start': 4292.273, 'title': 'The reality and experience of free will', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of free will and its compatibility with determinism, the subjective experience of making decisions, and the introspective models of the mind and consciousness, acknowledging the limitations and distortions in our perception and introspection.', 'duration': 359.082, 'highlights': ["The compatibilist view of free will is discussed, where it's compatible with determinism, suggesting that for many purposes, the kind of free will that matters is something we can have in a deterministic universe. The concept of compatibilist free will is highlighted, emphasizing its compatibility with determinism and its relevance for decision-making in a deterministic universe.", 'The subjective experience of making decisions and the feeling of an open future are explored, suggesting that while objectively paths might not have been open, subjectively they were perceived as open, highlighting the subjective nature of decision-making. The exploration of the subjective experience of decision-making and the perception of an open future is emphasized, acknowledging the subjective nature of decision-making in contrast to objective determinism.', "The limitations and distortions in introspective models of the mind and consciousness are acknowledged, suggesting that our experience and perception of free will and consciousness may not accurately mirror what's actually happening. Acknowledgment of the limitations in our introspective models of the mind and consciousness is highlighted, emphasizing the potential mismatch between our experience and the actual processes of decision-making and consciousness."]}], 'duration': 1043.641, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY43607714.jpg', 'highlights': ['Social interaction and conversation as indicators of consciousness; expression of conscious states convinces us.', 'Challenges in identifying consciousness in AI systems; difficulty in ascertaining true consciousness.', 'The moral implications of consciousness in AI are significant, as subjective experiences determine how we treat AI systems.', 'The potential emergence of a civil rights movement for robots; impact of robots expressing pain on society.', 'Ethical and moral implications of creating conscious clones; clones should have the same moral status as the original.', 'Philosophical questions about personal identity, legal status, and discrimination against clones.', 'The concept of compatibilist free will is highlighted, emphasizing its compatibility with determinism and its relevance for decision-making in a deterministic universe.', 'The exploration of the subjective experience of decision-making and the perception of an open future is emphasized, acknowledging the subjective nature of decision-making in contrast to objective determinism.', 'Acknowledgment of the limitations in our introspective models of the mind and consciousness is highlighted, emphasizing the potential mismatch between our experience and the actual processes of decision-making and consciousness.']}, {'end': 5919.078, 'segs': [{'end': 4677.951, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4651.355, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4657.257, 'text': 'then you can go all the way with what people call illusionism and say in fact, consciousness itself is not real.', 'start': 4651.355, 'duration': 5.902}, {'end': 4664.719, 'text': "What is real is just these introspective models we have that tell us that we're conscious.", 'start': 4657.817, 'duration': 6.902}, {'end': 4669.125, 'text': 'So the view is very simple, very attractive, very powerful.', 'start': 4666.123, 'duration': 3.002}, {'end': 4674.889, 'text': 'The trouble is, of course, it has to say that deep down, consciousness is not real.', 'start': 4669.626, 'duration': 5.263}, {'end': 4677.951, 'text': "We're not actually experiencing right now.", 'start': 4675.189, 'duration': 2.762}], 'summary': "Illusionism suggests consciousness isn't real, only introspective models exist. it challenges the reality of experience.", 'duration': 26.596, 'max_score': 4651.355, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44651355.jpg'}, {'end': 5009.841, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4976.497, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4983.563, 'text': 'And it looks like you can find all that mathematical structure in a simulation, maybe even in a dream, and so on.', 'start': 4976.497, 'duration': 7.066}, {'end': 4988.708, 'text': "So as long as that structure is real, I would say that's enough for the physical world to be real.", 'start': 4983.583, 'duration': 5.125}, {'end': 4994.513, 'text': 'Yeah, the physical world may turn out to be somewhat more intangible than we had thought and have a surprising nature,', 'start': 4988.748, 'duration': 5.765}, {'end': 4997.836, 'text': "but we've already gotten very used to that from modern science.", 'start': 4994.513, 'duration': 3.323}, {'end': 5009.841, 'text': "So you've kind of alluded that you don't have to have consciousness for high levels of intelligence but to create truly general intelligence systems,", 'start': 4999.631, 'duration': 10.21}], 'summary': 'Mathematical structure in simulation may define reality, challenging our perception of the physical world.', 'duration': 33.344, 'max_score': 4976.497, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44976497.jpg'}, {'end': 5049.949, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5023.471, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 5034.722, 'text': 'do you think consciousness from an engineering perspective is needed, or at least highly beneficial for creating an AGI system? Yeah,', 'start': 5023.471, 'duration': 11.251}, {'end': 5037.663, 'text': 'No one knows what consciousness is for functionally.', 'start': 5034.782, 'duration': 2.881}, {'end': 5044.006, 'text': "So right now there's no specific thing we can point to and say, you need consciousness for that.", 'start': 5037.783, 'duration': 6.223}, {'end': 5049.949, 'text': 'So my inclination is to believe that in principle, AGI is possible at the very least.', 'start': 5045.247, 'duration': 4.702}], 'summary': 'Consciousness may not be necessary for agi, as its functional purpose is unknown, making agi feasible.', 'duration': 26.478, 'max_score': 5023.471, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY45023471.jpg'}, {'end': 5693.473, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5666.326, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 5673.089, 'text': "I mean, frankly, I wanted to hurry up, and half of it's like yeah, we've had some progress lately in AI and VR,", 'start': 5666.326, 'duration': 6.763}, {'end': 5675.89, 'text': "but in the grand scheme of things it's still kind of slow.", 'start': 5673.089, 'duration': 2.801}, {'end': 5680.218, 'text': "The changes are not yet transformative and, you know, I'm in my 50s.", 'start': 5675.93, 'duration': 4.288}, {'end': 5681.259, 'text': "I've only got so long left.", 'start': 5680.238, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 5688.007, 'text': "I'd like to see really serious AI in my lifetime and really serious virtual worlds.", 'start': 5682.26, 'duration': 5.747}, {'end': 5689.248, 'text': 'Because, yeah, once people..', 'start': 5688.027, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 5693.473, 'text': 'I would like to be able to hang out in a virtual reality which is richer than..', 'start': 5689.248, 'duration': 4.225}], 'summary': 'The speaker desires significant advancements in ai and vr in their lifetime.', 'duration': 27.147, 'max_score': 5666.326, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY45666326.jpg'}], 'start': 4651.355, 'title': 'Illusion of consciousness and super intelligence', 'summary': 'Delves into illusionism, challenging the reality of consciousness and exploring the concept of reality as a simulation or dream. it also addresses the engineering perspective of consciousness in creating agi systems and discusses the potential future of super intelligence, including ai, virtual reality, and consciousness engineering.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4731.212, 'start': 4651.355, 'title': 'The illusion of consciousness', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of illusionism, positing that consciousness is not real, but rather a product of introspective models, challenging the fundamental datum of our existence, and suggesting that our perception may be deeply hardwired into our heads.', 'duration': 79.857, 'highlights': ["The view of illusionism suggests that consciousness itself is not real, but rather it is the introspective models that we have that tell us we're conscious.", "It challenges the fundamental datum of our existence by asserting that deep down, consciousness is not real and that we're not actually experiencing it.", 'The view of illusionism may be able to explain why most people find it unbelievable, as the introspective models are deeply hardwired into our head, creating an integrated illusion that one cannot escape.']}, {'end': 4997.836, 'start': 4731.212, 'title': 'Reality and illusionism', 'summary': "Discusses the concept of reality as a simulation or dream, drawing parallels to descartes' dream argument and exploring the idea that the physical world can still be considered real even if it is a dream or simulation, based on its underlying mathematical structure and contemporary physics.", 'duration': 266.624, 'highlights': ['The physical world can still be considered real even if it is a dream or simulation, based on its underlying mathematical structure and contemporary physics. The chapter explores the idea that the physical world can still be considered real even if it is a dream or simulation, based on its underlying mathematical structure and contemporary physics.', "Drawing parallels to Descartes' dream argument and exploring the idea that the physical world can still be considered real even if it is a dream or simulation. The discussion draws parallels to Descartes' dream argument and explores the idea that the physical world can still be considered real even if it is a dream or simulation.", 'The evil demon or genius concept and its relation to the perception of reality, as discussed by Descartes and later philosophers like Berkeley. The concept of the evil demon or genius and its relation to the perception of reality is discussed, as presented by Descartes and later philosophers like Berkeley.']}, {'end': 5624.499, 'start': 4999.631, 'title': 'Consciousness and agi engineering', 'summary': 'Explores the engineering perspective of consciousness in creating agi systems, addressing the potential necessity and implications of consciousness in agi, as well as the existential threats posed by non-conscious, super intelligent systems.', 'duration': 624.868, 'highlights': ['The potential necessity and implications of consciousness in AGI systems Discusses the potential necessity of consciousness in AGI systems and its implications on creating truly general intelligence systems, including super human level intelligence.', 'Existential threats posed by non-conscious, super intelligent systems Addresses the existential threats posed by non-conscious, super intelligent systems, emphasizing the potential moral disaster of a world without consciousness and the need to consider the future with humans and AI.', 'The potential transformation and augmentation of humans by technology Explores the inevitability of human transformation and augmentation by technology, blurring the line between humans and AI, and the idea of humans being part of the causal chain of design in future cognitive systems.']}, {'end': 5919.078, 'start': 5628.021, 'title': 'Exciting future of super intelligence', 'summary': 'Discusses the potential of future super intelligence, including ai, virtual reality, and consciousness engineering, with the speaker expressing a desire for significant progress in ai and vr in their lifetime and a vision of an infinitely interesting, creative, and unpredictable future of super intelligence.', 'duration': 291.057, 'highlights': ['The speaker expresses a desire for significant progress in AI and VR in their lifetime, hoping to see really serious AI and virtual worlds. Desire for significant progress in AI and VR in their lifetime', 'The speaker envisions an infinitely interesting, creative, and unpredictable future of super intelligence, sharing a vision of the set theoretic universe expanding and growing while remaining fundamentally unpredictable at many points. Envisioning an infinitely interesting, creative, and unpredictable future of super intelligence', 'The speaker expresses a desire to become immortal by uploading their mind onto a computer and participating in the process of going through infinitely rich, created futures. Desire to become immortal by uploading their mind onto a computer']}], 'duration': 1267.723, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/LW59lMvxmY4/pics/LW59lMvxmY44651355.jpg', 'highlights': ['The view of illusionism challenges the reality of consciousness', 'The physical world can still be considered real even if it is a dream or simulation', 'The potential necessity and implications of consciousness in AGI systems', 'Desire for significant progress in AI and VR in their lifetime']}], 'highlights': ['The belief among many concerned with AI safety and ethics that consciousness can and should be engineered into AI systems of the future.', 'The importance of philosophical discussions on consciousness for engineers of modern AI systems.', "David Chalmers' formulation of the heart problem of consciousness, addressing the existence of the feeling accompanying awareness of sensory information.", 'The possibility of living in a simulation is not ruled out, with the potential for numerous simulations in the history of the cosmos.', 'Exploring the nature of reality within a simulation raises questions about knowledge and the external world, challenging traditional views on the existence of physical entities.', 'The concept of living in a simulation is deemed interesting and useful, serving as a thought experiment to calibrate our understanding of reality and shedding light on philosophical questions.', "The speaker's belief that even within a simulation, the perceived reality is real, leading to the concept of 'reality 2.0' and challenging the standard view of simulated existence.", 'Delving into the complexity and scale required for simulating our universe, the chapter discusses the potential capabilities of the simulating universe.', 'Contemplating the relative intelligence of human beings and the potential for growth and limitations in a simulated reality, the chapter explores the implications of human intelligence in the context of a simulated universe.', 'Creating simulations for entertainment is a potential solution for super intelligent beings, reflecting on the potential peak of their existence being the entertainment of simulations.', 'Simulating the mind versus the universe is discussed, with the idea that simulating the mind is simpler as it is part of the universe, and understanding the fundamentals of cognition and consciousness is required.', 'The potential for splitting consciousness into multiple copies would require radical methods such as running different simulations of the brain and exposing them to different histories.', 'If you simulate the brain well enough, that will also simulate the mind, potentially leading to consciousness in virtual worlds.', 'The computation and the information processing, manipulation of information, is where the consciousness, the software, is where the consciousness comes from, not the hardware.', 'The discussion also explores the idea of creating a simulation akin to creating a family, and the comparison of the potential peak of existence being the entertainment of simulations to the significance of having children and watching them grow.', 'The speaker describes experiencing a singular consciousness connected to the same set of memories and experiences, even in different environments, virtual or not.', 'The chapter discusses the subjective experience, defining consciousness as the inner movie in the mind that includes visual images, hearing, emotional tone, and stream of thoughts from the first person point of view.', 'Explores the potential of panpsychism, suggesting that consciousness is a fundamental fabric of reality, and discusses the liberal ascribing of consciousness to animals, including the controversial issue of consciousness in fetuses and the animal kingdom.', 'The speaker shares the experience of synesthesia, where they associated colors with music, providing examples of songs and their associated colors, before the synesthesia faded away at the age of 20.', 'Addresses the creation of consciousness in babies, discussing the point at which consciousness arrives and the question of consciousness in newborn babies and the animal kingdom.', 'Consciousness as a fundamental property similar to space, time, and mass', 'Panpsychism and the possibility of consciousness as a fundamental property challenging existing fundamentals', 'Hard problem of consciousness challenging the current understanding of structure and dynamics', 'Challenges to current understanding of consciousness, including non-living entities possessing consciousness', 'Speculative views like pan-proto-psychism and Cosmopsychism as potential explanations for the origin of consciousness', "Neuroscientists' interest in panpsychism and integrated information theory of consciousness", 'Controversial views on the evolution of consciousness and teleological perspectives', 'Anthropomorphizing living and non-living entities, acknowledging challenges in understanding consciousness beyond human experiences', 'Neuroscientists study brain activity during religious experiences, showing scientific interest.', 'Commonality of seeking meaning through religious practices indicates widespread pursuit throughout history.', 'Consciousness is the source of meaning in life, allowing individuals to invest experiences with value.', 'Meaning of life is subjective, varying based on what individuals value as conscious creatures.', 'Ethical dilemmas related to consciousness, including moral status of conscious beings and impact on decision-making.', 'Question raised on moral status of high-functioning robots without consciousness, considering evolving AI capabilities.', 'Social interaction and conversation as indicators of consciousness; expression of conscious states convinces us.', 'Challenges in identifying consciousness in AI systems; difficulty in ascertaining true consciousness.', 'The moral implications of consciousness in AI are significant, as subjective experiences determine how we treat AI systems.', 'The potential emergence of a civil rights movement for robots; impact of robots expressing pain on society.', 'Ethical and moral implications of creating conscious clones; clones should have the same moral status as the original.', 'Philosophical questions about personal identity, legal status, and discrimination against clones.', 'The concept of compatibilist free will is highlighted, emphasizing its compatibility with determinism and its relevance for decision-making in a deterministic universe.', 'The exploration of the subjective experience of decision-making and the perception of an open future is emphasized, acknowledging the subjective nature of decision-making in contrast to objective determinism.', 'Acknowledgment of the limitations in our introspective models of the mind and consciousness is highlighted, emphasizing the potential mismatch between our experience and the actual processes of decision-making and consciousness.', 'The view of illusionism challenges the reality of consciousness', 'The physical world can still be considered real even if it is a dream or simulation', 'The potential necessity and implications of consciousness in AGI systems', 'Desire for significant progress in AI and VR in their lifetime']}