title
PHP Interview Questions and Answers | PHP Tutorial | PHP Certification Training | Edureka
description
** PHP & MySQL with MVC Frameworks Certification Training: https://www.edureka.co/php-mysql-self-paced
This Edureka video on "PHP Interview Questions" will help you to prepare yourself for PHP Interviews ( PHP Interview Questions Blog: https://www.edureka.co/blog/interview-questions/php-interview-questions/). Learn about the most important PHP interview questions and answers and know what will set you apart in the interview process.
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Edureka's PHP & MySQL with MVC framework, will introduce attendees to PHP, MySQL and CakePHP MVC framework. The course will cover aspects of how to use PHP, MySQL along with CakePHP MVC framework to create powerful and easy to maintain database driven websites. The course will also cover Installation & Configuration of PHP, MySQL and CakePHP. Attendees will also get to implement one project towards the end of the course.
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detail
{'title': 'PHP Interview Questions and Answers | PHP Tutorial | PHP Certification Training | Edureka', 'heatmap': [{'end': 1304.461, 'start': 1269.419, 'weight': 0.779}, {'end': 1901.071, 'start': 1862.623, 'weight': 1}, {'end': 2175.158, 'start': 2140.251, 'weight': 0.722}, {'end': 2826.486, 'start': 2791.647, 'weight': 0.777}], 'summary': 'This php tutorial from edureka covers the history, salary trends, and interview questions of php, php fundamentals like static vs dynamic websites and data types, php constants, functions, final classes, object comparison, popular php frameworks, php errors, asp.net vs php differences, and mysql database creation using php, with insights into interview topics.', 'chapters': [{'end': 373.843, 'segs': [{'end': 86.114, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 37.498, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 41.922, 'text': 'Next up, we will see some of the big companies that are using PHP.', 'start': 37.498, 'duration': 4.424}, {'end': 45.926, 'text': 'We also have divided our interview questions in two sections.', 'start': 42.403, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 53.753, 'text': 'First, we will have a look at the basic level PHP interview questions and then we will move on to the advanced level questions.', 'start': 46.346, 'duration': 7.407}, {'end': 55.395, 'text': "So let's get started.", 'start': 54.354, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 62.12, 'text': 'Now PHP is one of the most famous server-side scripting languages that run on a web server.', 'start': 55.996, 'duration': 6.124}, {'end': 68.204, 'text': 'Now it gives you an enhanced flexibility to make dynamic web pages and application.', 'start': 62.58, 'duration': 5.624}, {'end': 73.768, 'text': 'PHP is basically a recursive acronym for PHP hypertext preprocessor.', 'start': 68.624, 'duration': 5.144}, {'end': 83.033, 'text': 'It is a widely used open-source programming language, especially suited for creating dynamic websites and mobile APIs,', 'start': 74.308, 'duration': 8.725}, {'end': 86.114, 'text': 'now created in 1994 by Rasmus Ladoff.', 'start': 83.033, 'duration': 3.081}], 'summary': 'Php is a widely used open-source programming language for dynamic web pages and applications, created in 1994 by rasmus ladoff.', 'duration': 48.616, 'max_score': 37.498, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h037498.jpg'}, {'end': 267.616, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 201.6, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 206.382, 'text': 'It still purses to be one of the most famous languages for web developers.', 'start': 201.6, 'duration': 4.782}, {'end': 213.405, 'text': "So now let's move on and have a look at the salary Trends of PHP as compared to other famous languages.", 'start': 206.902, 'duration': 6.503}, {'end': 218.471, 'text': 'The graph shows the average salary of developers using various languages.', 'start': 214.088, 'duration': 4.383}, {'end': 224.654, 'text': "Now, let's move on and have a look at all the big companies that use PHP as their language.", 'start': 219.091, 'duration': 5.563}, {'end': 232.499, 'text': 'Some of the big companies are Facebook, Wikipedia, MailChimp, Tumblr, Slack, Dailymotion and a lot more.', 'start': 225.114, 'duration': 7.385}, {'end': 239.382, 'text': 'So, if you are planning to start your career in PHP and you wish to know the skills related to it,', 'start': 233.019, 'duration': 6.363}, {'end': 243.525, 'text': 'now is the right time to dive in when the technology is in its blossoming state.', 'start': 239.382, 'duration': 4.143}, {'end': 254.59, 'text': 'Now. these PHP interview questions have been designed to get you acquainted with the nature of questions you may encounter during your interview for the subject of PHP programming language.', 'start': 244.085, 'duration': 10.505}, {'end': 259.712, 'text': "So let's start with the first section that is the basic level interview questions.", 'start': 255.31, 'duration': 4.402}, {'end': 267.616, 'text': "The first question is what are some of the common uses of PHP? So let's have a look at some of the uses of PHP.", 'start': 260.312, 'duration': 7.304}], 'summary': 'Php remains a top choice for web development, with high salaries and usage by major companies like facebook and wikipedia.', 'duration': 66.016, 'max_score': 201.6, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0201600.jpg'}], 'start': 11.516, 'title': 'Php interview questions and language evolution', 'summary': 'Covers the overview of php interview questions, including its history, salary trends, usage by big companies, and basic and advanced level interview questions. it also discusses the evolution of php from a simple set of common gateway interface binaries to a widely used open-source programming language, highlighting its key features and the big companies that use php, and concludes with a discussion on salary trends and interview questions.', 'chapters': [{'end': 62.12, 'start': 11.516, 'title': 'Php interview questions overview', 'summary': 'Covers the overview of php interview questions, including its history, salary trends, usage by big companies, and basic and advanced level interview questions.', 'duration': 50.604, 'highlights': ['PHP is one of the most famous server-side scripting languages that run on a web server.', 'The session covers the history and salary trends of PHP, along with its usage by big companies.', 'The interview questions are divided into basic and advanced levels, catering to different skill levels of candidates.']}, {'end': 373.843, 'start': 62.58, 'title': 'Evolution of php language', 'summary': 'Discusses the evolution of php from a simple set of common gateway interface binaries to a widely used open-source programming language, highlighting its key features and the big companies that use php, and concludes with a discussion on salary trends and interview questions.', 'duration': 311.263, 'highlights': ['PHP was created in 1994 by Rasmus Ladoff and has evolved into a widely used open-source programming language, especially suited for creating dynamic websites and mobile APIs. PHP, created in 1994 by Rasmus Ladoff, is a widely used open-source programming language, especially suited for creating dynamic websites and mobile APIs.', 'Rasmus rewrote the PHP tools to provide a framework for developing simple, dynamic web applications such as guest books. Rasmus rewrote the PHP tools to provide a framework for developing simple, dynamic web applications such as guest books.', 'Big companies like Facebook, Wikipedia, MailChimp, and Tumblr use PHP as their language, making it one of the most famous languages for web developers. Big companies like Facebook, Wikipedia, MailChimp, and Tumblr use PHP as their language, making it one of the most famous languages for web developers.', 'The average salary of developers using PHP is discussed, indicating a favorable job market for those skilled in PHP. The chapter discusses the average salary of developers using PHP, indicating a favorable job market for those skilled in PHP.', 'The chapter concludes with a discussion on PHP interview questions, covering common uses of PHP and the PHP extension and application repository (PEAR). The chapter concludes with a discussion on PHP interview questions, covering common uses of PHP and the PHP extension and application repository (PEAR).']}], 'duration': 362.327, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h011516.jpg', 'highlights': ['PHP is one of the most famous server-side scripting languages that run on a web server.', 'The session covers the history and salary trends of PHP, along with its usage by big companies.', 'The interview questions are divided into basic and advanced levels, catering to different skill levels of candidates.', 'PHP was created in 1994 by Rasmus Ladoff and has evolved into a widely used open-source programming language, especially suited for creating dynamic websites and mobile APIs.', 'Big companies like Facebook, Wikipedia, MailChimp, and Tumblr use PHP as their language, making it one of the most famous languages for web developers.', 'The average salary of developers using PHP is discussed, indicating a favorable job market for those skilled in PHP.', 'The chapter concludes with a discussion on PHP interview questions, covering common uses of PHP and the PHP extension and application repository (PEAR).']}, {'end': 755.662, 'segs': [{'end': 402.999, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 373.843, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 375.823, 'text': 'and promote a standard coding style.', 'start': 373.843, 'duration': 1.98}, {'end': 387.269, 'text': 'Now the next question is what are static and dynamic websites in PHP no static means unchanged or constant while dynamic means changing or lively.', 'start': 376.124, 'duration': 11.145}, {'end': 394.434, 'text': 'Therefore, the static web pages contain the same pre-built content each time the page is loaded,', 'start': 387.749, 'duration': 6.685}, {'end': 398.777, 'text': 'while the content of dynamic web pages can be generated on the fly.', 'start': 394.434, 'duration': 4.343}, {'end': 402.999, 'text': "now, in static websites, content can't be changed after running the script.", 'start': 398.777, 'duration': 4.222}], 'summary': 'Static websites contain pre-built content, while dynamic websites generate content on the fly.', 'duration': 29.156, 'max_score': 373.843, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0373843.jpg'}, {'end': 496.483, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 442.261, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 449.144, 'text': 'We use the PHP command line interface that is the CLI and specify the file name of the script.', 'start': 442.261, 'duration': 6.883}, {'end': 454.427, 'text': 'So here is an example that shows how we can execute the PHP script.', 'start': 449.785, 'duration': 4.642}, {'end': 457.439, 'text': 'So here we just specify our file name.', 'start': 455.237, 'duration': 2.202}, {'end': 463.844, 'text': 'For example, if the name of the file is script, we use it as PHP script dot PHP.', 'start': 457.519, 'duration': 6.325}, {'end': 467.507, 'text': "That's exactly how we can execute the PHP script.", 'start': 464.364, 'duration': 3.143}, {'end': 472.451, 'text': 'Now, the next question is is PHP a case-sensitive language??', 'start': 468.328, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 479.98, 'text': 'Now, this is an important question, because most of the people tend to get confused whether PHP is case sensitive or not.', 'start': 473.118, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 483.24, 'text': 'PHP is basically partially case sensitive.', 'start': 480.48, 'duration': 2.76}, {'end': 487.341, 'text': 'The variable names are case sensitive, but function names are not.', 'start': 483.56, 'duration': 3.781}, {'end': 496.483, 'text': 'So if you define the function name in lowercase and call them in uppercase, it will still work and user-defined functions are not case sensitive,', 'start': 487.621, 'duration': 8.862}], 'summary': 'Using php cli to execute script; php is partially case-sensitive.', 'duration': 54.222, 'max_score': 442.261, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0442261.jpg'}, {'end': 548.33, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 523.46, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 531.302, 'text': 'and escape character is a character which invokes an alternative interpretation on subsequent characters in a character sequence.', 'start': 523.46, 'duration': 7.842}, {'end': 535.524, 'text': 'Now an escape character is a particular case of meta characters.', 'start': 531.723, 'duration': 3.801}, {'end': 541.847, 'text': 'Generally, the judgment of whether something is an escape character or not depends on context.', 'start': 536.064, 'duration': 5.783}, {'end': 548.33, 'text': 'The PHP parsing engine needs a way to differentiate PHP code from other elements in the page.', 'start': 542.127, 'duration': 6.203}], 'summary': 'Escape characters invoke alternative interpretations in character sequences.', 'duration': 24.87, 'max_score': 523.46, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0523460.jpg'}, {'end': 599.638, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 572.15, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 580.578, 'text': 'Now, some of the important characteristics of PHP variables are all the variables in PHP are denoted with a leading dollar sign.', 'start': 572.15, 'duration': 8.428}, {'end': 584.602, 'text': 'So every variable must start with this particular dollar sign.', 'start': 580.999, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 589.507, 'text': 'The value of a variable is the value of its most recent assignment.', 'start': 585.082, 'duration': 4.425}, {'end': 599.638, 'text': 'In PHP, the variables are assigned with the equal operator, with the variable on the left hand side and the expression to be evaluated on the right.', 'start': 590.087, 'duration': 9.551}], 'summary': 'Php variables start with $, value is from recent assignment, assigned with equal operator', 'duration': 27.488, 'max_score': 572.15, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0572150.jpg'}, {'end': 662.674, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 636.835, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 641.877, 'text': 'Now, there are eight data types in PHP which are used to construct the variables.', 'start': 636.835, 'duration': 5.042}, {'end': 647.94, 'text': 'The first one is integers now integers are basically whole numbers without a decimal point.', 'start': 642.397, 'duration': 5.543}, {'end': 649.67, 'text': 'Next is the doubles.', 'start': 648.65, 'duration': 1.02}, {'end': 656.593, 'text': 'Now doubles are floating-point numbers like 3.141 would be considered to be a double.', 'start': 650.01, 'duration': 6.583}, {'end': 658.133, 'text': 'Next up is booleans.', 'start': 657.013, 'duration': 1.12}, {'end': 660.494, 'text': 'Now booleans have only two possible values.', 'start': 658.393, 'duration': 2.101}, {'end': 662.674, 'text': 'It can either be true or false.', 'start': 660.694, 'duration': 1.98}], 'summary': 'Php has 8 data types including integers, doubles, and booleans with 2 possible values.', 'duration': 25.839, 'max_score': 636.835, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0636835.jpg'}, {'end': 764.194, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 733.711, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 738.374, 'text': 'So it should always start with any letter or the underscore character only now.', 'start': 733.711, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 747.86, 'text': 'the next rule that is to be followed is a variable name can consist of numbers, letters, underscores, but you cannot use characters like the plus,', 'start': 738.374, 'duration': 9.486}, {'end': 749.842, 'text': 'minus, modulus or the braces.', 'start': 747.86, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 755.662, 'text': 'So we must keep in mind these two things anytime we are naming a PHP variable.', 'start': 750.535, 'duration': 5.127}, {'end': 764.194, 'text': 'Now, the next question is what are the rules to determine the truth of any value which is not already of the Boolean type?', 'start': 756.243, 'duration': 7.951}], 'summary': 'Php variable names can start with letter or underscore, and consist of numbers, letters, and underscores, but not special characters. determining truth of non-boolean values is a question to consider.', 'duration': 30.483, 'max_score': 733.711, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0733711.jpg'}], 'start': 373.843, 'title': 'Php fundamentals', 'summary': 'Covers php fundamentals such as static vs dynamic websites, php variables, and data types. it explains the differences between static and dynamic websites, characteristics of php variables, and outlines the eight data types in php.', 'chapters': [{'end': 548.33, 'start': 373.843, 'title': 'Php: static vs dynamic websites', 'summary': 'Explains the difference between static and dynamic websites in php, highlighting that static web pages contain pre-built content while dynamic web pages generate content on the fly, and also covers executing php scripts from the command line, the case-sensitivity of php, and the meaning of escaping in php.', 'duration': 174.487, 'highlights': ['Static web pages contain the same pre-built content each time the page is loaded, while dynamic web pages can generate content on the fly Static web pages vs dynamic web pages: static pages contain pre-built content, while dynamic pages can generate content on the fly.', 'PHP is partially case sensitive, where variable and constant names are case sensitive, but function names are not PHP case sensitivity: variable and constant names are case sensitive, but function names are not.', 'Executing a PHP script from the command line is done using the PHP CLI and specifying the file name of the script Executing PHP script from command line: use PHP CLI and specify the file name of the script.', 'Escaping to PHP involves using escape characters to differentiate PHP code from other elements in the page Escaping in PHP: using escape characters to differentiate PHP code from other elements in the page.']}, {'end': 755.662, 'start': 548.69, 'title': 'Php variables and data types', 'summary': 'Discusses the characteristics of php variables, including the use of a leading dollar sign, assignment with the equal operator, and the absence of intrinsic types. it also outlines the eight data types in php and the rules for naming a php variable.', 'duration': 206.972, 'highlights': ['PHP variables are denoted with a leading dollar sign and do not have intrinsic types. This highlights the key characteristic of PHP variables, emphasizing the use of a leading dollar sign and the absence of intrinsic types.', 'There are eight data types in PHP for constructing variables, including integers, doubles, booleans, null, strings, arrays, objects, and resources. This highlights the different data types in PHP, providing a comprehensive list of the eight types and their uses.', 'The rules for naming a PHP variable include starting with a letter or underscore character, and using only numbers, letters, and underscores in the name. This highlights the important rules for naming PHP variables, focusing on the requirement to start with a letter or underscore and the limitations on characters used in the name.']}], 'duration': 381.819, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0373843.jpg', 'highlights': ['Static web pages vs dynamic web pages: static pages contain pre-built content, while dynamic pages can generate content on the fly.', 'PHP case sensitivity: variable and constant names are case sensitive, but function names are not.', 'Executing PHP script from command line: use PHP CLI and specify the file name of the script.', 'Escaping in PHP: using escape characters to differentiate PHP code from other elements in the page.', 'PHP variables are denoted with a leading dollar sign and do not have intrinsic types.', 'There are eight data types in PHP for constructing variables, including integers, doubles, booleans, null, strings, arrays, objects, and resources.', 'The rules for naming a PHP variable include starting with a letter or underscore character, and using only numbers, letters, and underscores in the name.']}, {'end': 1235.821, 'segs': [{'end': 778.689, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 756.243, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 764.194, 'text': 'Now, the next question is what are the rules to determine the truth of any value which is not already of the Boolean type?', 'start': 756.243, 'duration': 7.951}, {'end': 765.977, 'text': "So let's have a look at the rules.", 'start': 764.635, 'duration': 1.342}, {'end': 774.403, 'text': 'The rules to determine the truth of any value which is not already of the Boolean type are if the value is a number,', 'start': 766.753, 'duration': 7.65}, {'end': 778.689, 'text': 'it is false if exactly equal to zero and true otherwise.', 'start': 774.403, 'duration': 4.286}], 'summary': 'Rules for determining truth of non-boolean values: number is false if exactly 0, true otherwise.', 'duration': 22.446, 'max_score': 756.243, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0756243.jpg'}, {'end': 901.069, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 875.197, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 880.039, 'text': 'Now. the next question is how do you define a constant in PHP?', 'start': 875.197, 'duration': 4.842}, {'end': 890.244, 'text': 'now? in order to define a constant, you have to use the define function, and to retrieve the value of a constant, you have to simply specify its name.', 'start': 880.039, 'duration': 10.205}, {'end': 895.206, 'text': 'Now, if you have defined a constant it can never be changed or undefined.', 'start': 890.684, 'duration': 4.522}, {'end': 897.467, 'text': 'It has got a constant value now.', 'start': 895.607, 'duration': 1.86}, {'end': 901.069, 'text': 'So there is no need to have a constant with a dollar.', 'start': 897.848, 'duration': 3.221}], 'summary': 'In php, constants are defined using the define function and cannot be changed or undefined.', 'duration': 25.872, 'max_score': 875.197, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0875197.jpg'}, {'end': 957.1, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 925.847, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 931.191, 'text': "So, now that we know how to define a constant function, let's see what is the purpose of this function.", 'start': 925.847, 'duration': 5.344}, {'end': 936.33, 'text': 'So the constant function will basically return the value of the constant.', 'start': 931.866, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 943.057, 'text': 'Now this is useful when you want to retrieve value of a constant, but you do not know its name.', 'start': 936.831, 'duration': 6.226}, {'end': 947.061, 'text': 'That is it is stored in a variable or returned by a function.', 'start': 943.658, 'duration': 3.403}, {'end': 949.288, 'text': 'So here we have an example.', 'start': 947.685, 'duration': 1.603}, {'end': 957.1, 'text': 'So we have defined the min size as 50 and we have equal to the value of min size now again in the next line.', 'start': 949.708, 'duration': 7.392}], 'summary': 'Constant function returns the value of a constant, e.g., min size = 50.', 'duration': 31.253, 'max_score': 925.847, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0925847.jpg'}, {'end': 1057.096, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1024.085, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1025.726, 'text': 'The first one is line.', 'start': 1024.085, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 1029.308, 'text': 'Now it represents the current line number of the file.', 'start': 1026.066, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 1031.89, 'text': 'The second one is the file constant.', 'start': 1029.688, 'duration': 2.202}, {'end': 1040.632, 'text': 'Now it represents the full path and file name of the file if used inside an include the name of the included file is also returned.', 'start': 1032.329, 'duration': 8.303}, {'end': 1046.194, 'text': 'The third one is function now function represents the function name in PHP.', 'start': 1041.051, 'duration': 5.143}, {'end': 1051.195, 'text': 'Next up we have class now it returns the class name as it was declared.', 'start': 1046.594, 'duration': 4.601}, {'end': 1057.096, 'text': 'The final one is method now method represents the class method name in PHP.', 'start': 1051.635, 'duration': 5.461}], 'summary': 'Php constants include line number, file path, function, class, and method names.', 'duration': 33.011, 'max_score': 1024.085, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01024085.jpg'}, {'end': 1136.15, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1091.162, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1099.827, 'text': 'Now the continue statement causes the loop to skip the remainder of its body and immediately retest its condition prior to reiterating.', 'start': 1091.162, 'duration': 8.665}, {'end': 1110.113, 'text': 'Continue is used within looping structures to skip the rest of the current loop iteration and continue execution at the condition evaluation and then the beginning.', 'start': 1100.167, 'duration': 9.946}, {'end': 1117.337, 'text': 'The next question is what are the two most common ways to start and finish a PHP block of code?', 'start': 1110.473, 'duration': 6.864}, {'end': 1123.461, 'text': 'Now, here is the example of the two most common ways to start and finish a PHP block of code.', 'start': 1117.857, 'duration': 5.604}, {'end': 1131.086, 'text': 'Now the first way to start and finish a PHP block code is using the lesson and the greater than symbol along with a question mark.', 'start': 1123.981, 'duration': 7.105}, {'end': 1136.15, 'text': 'So at first we use the less than operator with a question mark and write PHP,', 'start': 1131.426, 'duration': 4.724}], 'summary': 'Continue statement skips loop body, php block start and finish methods explained.', 'duration': 44.988, 'max_score': 1091.162, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01091162.jpg'}, {'end': 1183.864, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1155.818, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1166.494, 'text': 'Now moving on the next question is what is the difference between PHP 4 and PHP 5? So these are basically two different versions of PHP.', 'start': 1155.818, 'duration': 10.676}, {'end': 1168.715, 'text': "Let's see what are the differences.", 'start': 1167.014, 'duration': 1.701}, {'end': 1173.298, 'text': 'Now in PHP 4 constructor have same name as the class name.', 'start': 1169.176, 'duration': 4.122}, {'end': 1180.142, 'text': 'Whereas in case of PHP 5 constructors are named as construct and destructors as destruct.', 'start': 1173.678, 'duration': 6.464}, {'end': 1183.864, 'text': 'In case of PHP for everything is passed by value.', 'start': 1180.602, 'duration': 3.262}], 'summary': 'Difference between php 4 and php 5: constructors, destructors, and passing by value.', 'duration': 28.046, 'max_score': 1155.818, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01155818.jpg'}, {'end': 1244.485, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1213.485, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1220.79, 'text': 'now, the final keyword in a method declaration indicates that the method cannot be overridden by subclasses.', 'start': 1213.485, 'duration': 7.305}, {'end': 1223.972, 'text': 'a class that is defined final cannot be subclassed.', 'start': 1220.79, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 1228.776, 'text': 'This is particularly useful when we are creating an immutable class.', 'start': 1224.293, 'duration': 4.483}, {'end': 1232.478, 'text': 'like the string class, properties cannot be declared final.', 'start': 1228.776, 'duration': 3.702}, {'end': 1235.821, 'text': 'only classes and methods may be declared as final.', 'start': 1232.478, 'duration': 3.343}, {'end': 1244.485, 'text': 'Now the final keyword, which prevents child classes from overriding a method by prefixing the definition with final.', 'start': 1236.381, 'duration': 8.104}], 'summary': "Using the 'final' keyword to prevent method and class overriding in java.", 'duration': 31, 'max_score': 1213.485, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01213485.jpg'}], 'start': 756.243, 'title': 'Php constants and functions', 'summary': 'Discusses defining constants in php using the define function, accessing constant values, differences between php constants and variables, common php constants and their purposes, the purpose of break and continue statements, common ways to start and finish a php code block, differences between php 4 and php 5, and the meaning of final classes and methods.', 'chapters': [{'end': 874.515, 'start': 756.243, 'title': 'Rules for truth of values', 'summary': 'Discusses the rules for determining the truth of values, including numeric, string, null, array, object, resource, and the special data type null, emphasizing its properties and implications.', 'duration': 118.272, 'highlights': ['The rules for determining the truth of any value involve specific conditions for different data types like numbers, strings, null, arrays, and objects, impacting their evaluation as true or false.', 'Null, as a special data type, can only have one value and possesses properties such as evaluating to false in a Boolean context and returning false when tested with the is set function.', 'The value of type null is considered to be null if it has been assigned to the constant null and has not been set to any other value, establishing its unique nature and implications in variable assignment.']}, {'end': 1235.821, 'start': 875.197, 'title': 'Php constants and functions', 'summary': 'Discusses defining constants in php using the define function, accessing constant values, and the purpose of the constant function. it also highlights differences between php constants and variables, lists common php constants and their purposes, explains the purpose of break and continue statements, and details common ways to start and finish a php code block. additionally, it covers the differences between php 4 and php 5, and the meaning of final classes and methods.', 'duration': 360.624, 'highlights': ['Defining constants in PHP using the define function The chapter emphasizes the process of defining constants in PHP using the define function, ensuring they cannot be changed or undefined.', 'Differences between PHP constants and variables It explains key differences between PHP constants and variables, including the usage of dollar sign, scoping rules, and redefining capability.', 'Common PHP constants and their purposes It lists common PHP constants like line, file, function, class, and method, along with their respective purposes.', 'Purpose of break and continue statements The chapter explains the purpose of break and continue statements, highlighting their functionalities in terminating loops and skipping iterations.', 'Differences between PHP 4 and PHP 5 It details the differences between PHP 4 and PHP 5, including constructor naming, passing objects by references, abstract class declaration, and the inclusion of static methods and properties in PHP 5.', 'Meaning of final classes and methods It explains the significance of the final keyword in method and class declarations, emphasizing immutability and the inability to subclass or override.', "Purpose of the constant function in PHP The chapter delves into the purpose of the constant function in PHP, which is to return the value of a constant, particularly useful when the constant's name is stored in a variable or returned by a function.", 'Common ways to start and finish a PHP code block It presents the two common methods to start and finish a PHP code block using the less than and greater than symbols with a question mark, highlighting the syntax for beginning and ending PHP code.']}], 'duration': 479.578, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h0756243.jpg', 'highlights': ['Differences between PHP 4 and PHP 5, including constructor naming, passing objects by references, abstract class declaration, and the inclusion of static methods and properties in PHP 5.', 'Meaning of final classes and methods, emphasizing immutability and the inability to subclass or override.', 'Purpose of break and continue statements, highlighting their functionalities in terminating loops and skipping iterations.', 'Common ways to start and finish a PHP code block using the less than and greater than symbols with a question mark, highlighting the syntax for beginning and ending PHP code.', 'Common PHP constants like line, file, function, class, and method, along with their respective purposes.', 'Defining constants in PHP using the define function, ensuring they cannot be changed or undefined.', "The purpose of the constant function in PHP, which is to return the value of a constant, particularly useful when the constant's name is stored in a variable or returned by a function.", 'The rules for determining the truth of any value involve specific conditions for different data types like numbers, strings, null, arrays, and objects, impacting their evaluation as true or false.']}, {'end': 1732.023, 'segs': [{'end': 1262.915, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1236.381, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1244.485, 'text': 'Now the final keyword, which prevents child classes from overriding a method by prefixing the definition with final.', 'start': 1236.381, 'duration': 8.104}, {'end': 1248.347, 'text': 'if the class itself is being defined final, then it cannot be extended.', 'start': 1244.485, 'duration': 3.862}, {'end': 1252.829, 'text': 'So this is all about the final class and a final method in PHP.', 'start': 1248.727, 'duration': 4.102}, {'end': 1262.915, 'text': 'Now moving on the next question is how can PHP and JavaScript interact? Now JavaScript is basically a client-side scripting language.', 'start': 1253.349, 'duration': 9.566}], 'summary': 'Final keyword in php prevents method override. php and javascript interaction explored.', 'duration': 26.534, 'max_score': 1236.381, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01236381.jpg'}, {'end': 1313.906, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1269.419, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1279.846, 'text': 'now JavaScript cannot directly interact with PHP, because the PHP will always be executed first by the server and then sent to the clients browser.', 'start': 1269.419, 'duration': 10.427}, {'end': 1283.149, 'text': 'now JavaScript can only pass information to PHP.', 'start': 1279.846, 'duration': 3.303}, {'end': 1286.511, 'text': 'However, we can always exchange variables,', 'start': 1283.789, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 1296.656, 'text': 'since PHP can generate JavaScript code to be executed by the browser and it is possible to pass specific variables back to PHP via the URL.', 'start': 1286.511, 'duration': 10.145}, {'end': 1300.078, 'text': 'So this is how PHP and JavaScript can interact.', 'start': 1297.157, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 1304.461, 'text': 'Now the next question is how can PHP and HTML interact?', 'start': 1300.599, 'duration': 3.862}, {'end': 1313.906, 'text': 'So it is possible to generate HTML through PHP scripts and it is possible to pass pieces of information from HTML to PHP.', 'start': 1304.981, 'duration': 8.925}], 'summary': 'Javascript can pass info to php; php can generate js for browser. php can generate html and receive info from it.', 'duration': 27.395, 'max_score': 1269.419, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01269419.jpg'}, {'end': 1393.206, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1367.551, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1376.216, 'text': 'We can also test if two objects are referring to the same instance of the same class by the use of the identity operator triple equals.', 'start': 1367.551, 'duration': 8.665}, {'end': 1381.339, 'text': 'Like comparing variables, PHP objects are also compared with one another.', 'start': 1376.796, 'duration': 4.543}, {'end': 1385.061, 'text': 'So these two operators are used to compare the objects.', 'start': 1381.739, 'duration': 3.322}, {'end': 1393.206, 'text': 'The double equal basically compares two objects for the same properties, and the identity operator, that is the triple equals,', 'start': 1385.581, 'duration': 7.625}], 'summary': 'Php objects can be compared using double equals and identity operator triple equals.', 'duration': 25.655, 'max_score': 1367.551, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01367551.jpg'}, {'end': 1451.483, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1421.146, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1424.689, 'text': 'You just have to set up your database and you are ready to go.', 'start': 1421.146, 'duration': 3.543}, {'end': 1431.713, 'text': 'Translations database access caching validation authentication and more are all built into the framework.', 'start': 1425.049, 'duration': 6.664}, {'end': 1437.436, 'text': 'It comes packaged with clean MVC conventions to guide you into developing your application.', 'start': 1432.033, 'duration': 5.403}, {'end': 1439.617, 'text': 'The next one is the code igniter.', 'start': 1437.836, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 1444.959, 'text': 'Now. the code igniter is a powerful PHP framework with a small footprint,', 'start': 1439.877, 'duration': 5.082}, {'end': 1451.483, 'text': 'built for those who require a simple yet elegant toolkit to build fully featured web applications.', 'start': 1444.959, 'duration': 6.524}], 'summary': 'Codeigniter is a powerful php framework with built-in features and clean mvc conventions, perfect for simple yet fully-featured web applications.', 'duration': 30.337, 'max_score': 1421.146, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01421146.jpg'}, {'end': 1548.337, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1495.879, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1503.004, 'text': 'So it helps you develop clean and reusable code ensuring a clear separation of logic and presentation.', 'start': 1495.879, 'duration': 7.125}, {'end': 1505.145, 'text': 'The next framework is Symphony.', 'start': 1503.444, 'duration': 1.701}, {'end': 1515.832, 'text': 'Now. Symphony is a PHP framework to speed up the creation and maintenance of your web applications by using existing de facto standards of PHP,', 'start': 1505.565, 'duration': 10.267}, {'end': 1519.855, 'text': 'such as PHP unit and naming conventions for classes.', 'start': 1515.832, 'duration': 4.023}, {'end': 1522.937, 'text': 'You are not confined within the Symphony environment.', 'start': 1520.135, 'duration': 2.802}, {'end': 1528.221, 'text': 'but instead have the freedom to choose the software components that you want to use.', 'start': 1523.417, 'duration': 4.804}, {'end': 1530.783, 'text': 'The next framework is the Zend framework.', 'start': 1528.741, 'duration': 2.042}, {'end': 1537.628, 'text': 'Now this framework is an open source framework for developing web applications using object-oriented code.', 'start': 1531.203, 'duration': 6.425}, {'end': 1545.895, 'text': 'Now the components in the standard library form a powerful and extensible framework when combined, offering a robust,', 'start': 1537.908, 'duration': 7.987}, {'end': 1548.337, 'text': 'high-performance MVC implementation.', 'start': 1545.895, 'duration': 2.442}], 'summary': 'Frameworks like symphony and zend offer clean, reusable code and freedom to choose software components, speeding up web app development using php.', 'duration': 52.458, 'max_score': 1495.879, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01495879.jpg'}, {'end': 1618.126, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1570.223, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1576.87, 'text': 'We can divide them as the scalar types the compound types and the special types in case of scalar types.', 'start': 1570.223, 'duration': 6.647}, {'end': 1583.175, 'text': 'We have the integer boolean float and string data types in case of compound types.', 'start': 1576.97, 'duration': 6.205}, {'end': 1585.858, 'text': 'We have the array object and callable.', 'start': 1583.275, 'duration': 2.583}, {'end': 1589.964, 'text': 'and in case of special types, we have the resource and the null.', 'start': 1586.459, 'duration': 3.505}, {'end': 1593.95, 'text': 'So this is how we can divide the different data types in PHP.', 'start': 1590.445, 'duration': 3.505}, {'end': 1600.097, 'text': 'The next question is what are constructor and deconstructor in PHP?', 'start': 1594.634, 'duration': 5.463}, {'end': 1610.122, 'text': 'now PHP constructor and destructor, a special type functions which are automatically called when a PHP class object is created and destroyed.', 'start': 1600.097, 'duration': 10.025}, {'end': 1618.126, 'text': 'now, the constructor is the most useful of the two, because it allows you to send parameters along when creating a new object,', 'start': 1610.122, 'duration': 8.004}], 'summary': 'Php has scalar, compound, and special types. constructor and deconstructor in php are special functions called when creating and destroying a class object.', 'duration': 47.903, 'max_score': 1570.223, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01570223.jpg'}, {'end': 1723.4, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1697.685, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 1706.395, 'text': 'the require once statement can be used to include a PHP file in another one, when you may need to include the called file more than once.', 'start': 1697.685, 'duration': 8.71}, {'end': 1713.437, 'text': 'So require once function is recommended to use when you want to include a file where you have a lot of functions,', 'start': 1706.995, 'duration': 6.442}, {'end': 1716.578, 'text': 'the require includes and evaluates only a specific file.', 'start': 1713.437, 'duration': 3.141}, {'end': 1723.4, 'text': "So this way you make sure you don't include the file more times and you will not get the function redeclared at all.", 'start': 1717.038, 'duration': 6.362}], 'summary': "Use 'require_once' in php to avoid redeclaring functions and ensure file is included only once.", 'duration': 25.715, 'max_score': 1697.685, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01697685.jpg'}], 'start': 1236.381, 'title': 'Php: final classes, interactions, and object comparison, and popular php frameworks', 'summary': 'Covers the use of final keyword in php, interaction between php and javascript/html, and comparison of objects in php. it also discusses popular php frameworks including cakephp, codeigniter, yii, symfony, and zend, and the nine primitive data types supported by php, constructor and destructor functions, and differences between include and require functions.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1393.206, 'start': 1236.381, 'title': 'Php: final classes, interactions, and object comparison', 'summary': 'Covers the use of final keyword in php to prevent method overriding, interaction between php and javascript/html, and comparison of objects in php using double equals and triple equals operators.', 'duration': 156.825, 'highlights': ['The use of final keyword in PHP prevents child classes from overriding a method and a final class cannot be extended.', 'JavaScript, being a client-side scripting language, cannot directly interact with PHP, but can pass information and exchange variables via URL.', 'PHP and HTML can interact by generating HTML through PHP scripts and passing information from HTML to PHP, as PHP executes on server-side and gets results to display in HTML.', 'The comparison of objects in PHP can be done using the double equals operator to test for same attributes and equal values, and the triple equals operator to test for the same instance of the same class.']}, {'end': 1732.023, 'start': 1393.206, 'title': 'Popular php frameworks and data types', 'summary': 'Discusses popular php frameworks including cakephp, codeigniter, yii, symfony, and zend, as well as the nine primitive data types supported by php, and explains the constructor and destructor functions, and the differences between include and require functions in php.', 'duration': 338.817, 'highlights': ['PHP supports nine primitive data types, including integer, boolean, float, string, array, object, callable, resource, and null. PHP supports nine primitive data types, including integer, boolean, float, string, array, object, callable, resource, and null.', 'CakePHP enables rapid prototyping with code generation features, clean MVC conventions, and built-in database access, caching, validation, and authentication. CakePHP enables rapid prototyping with code generation features, clean MVC conventions, and built-in database access, caching, validation, and authentication.', 'CodeIgniter offers a simple and elegant toolkit with nearly zero configuration, rich set of libraries, and a logical structure for accessing these libraries. CodeIgniter offers a simple and elegant toolkit with nearly zero configuration, rich set of libraries, and a logical structure for accessing these libraries.', 'Symfony speeds up web application creation by using existing de facto standards of PHP, such as PHP unit and naming conventions for classes, and provides freedom to choose software components. Symfony speeds up web application creation by using existing de facto standards of PHP, such as PHP unit and naming conventions for classes, and provides freedom to choose software components.', 'The Zend framework offers a powerful and extensible framework with a modular base, easily adaptable to different needs, and suitable for use in combination with other applications or frameworks. The Zend framework offers a powerful and extensible framework with a modular base, easily adaptable to different needs, and suitable for use in combination with other applications or frameworks.', 'Constructor and destructor functions in PHP are automatically called when a PHP class object is created and destroyed, with the constructor allowing the initialization of variables on the object. Constructor and destructor functions in PHP are automatically called when a PHP class object is created and destroyed, with the constructor allowing the initialization of variables on the object.', 'The require function produces a warning and a fatal error, stopping the execution of the script, if errors occur when putting data of one PHP file into another, while the include function only produces a warning and allows the script to continue execution. The require function produces a warning and a fatal error, stopping the execution of the script, if errors occur when putting data of one PHP file into another, while the include function only produces a warning and allows the script to continue execution.', 'The require once function includes and evaluates a specific file only if it has not been included before, preventing redeclaration of functions, making it recommended for files with multiple functions. The require once function includes and evaluates a specific file only if it has not been included before, preventing redeclaration of functions, making it recommended for files with multiple functions.']}], 'duration': 495.642, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01236381.jpg', 'highlights': ['The use of final keyword in PHP prevents child classes from overriding a method and a final class cannot be extended.', 'PHP and HTML can interact by generating HTML through PHP scripts and passing information from HTML to PHP, as PHP executes on server-side and gets results to display in HTML.', 'The comparison of objects in PHP can be done using the double equals operator to test for same attributes and equal values, and the triple equals operator to test for the same instance of the same class.', 'PHP supports nine primitive data types, including integer, boolean, float, string, array, object, callable, resource, and null.', 'CakePHP enables rapid prototyping with code generation features, clean MVC conventions, and built-in database access, caching, validation, and authentication.', 'Symfony speeds up web application creation by using existing de facto standards of PHP, such as PHP unit and naming conventions for classes, and provides freedom to choose software components.', 'The Zend framework offers a powerful and extensible framework with a modular base, easily adaptable to different needs, and suitable for use in combination with other applications or frameworks.', 'Constructor and destructor functions in PHP are automatically called when a PHP class object is created and destroyed, with the constructor allowing the initialization of variables on the object.', 'The require once function includes and evaluates a specific file only if it has not been included before, preventing redeclaration of functions, making it recommended for files with multiple functions.']}, {'end': 2207.074, 'segs': [{'end': 1756.838, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1732.805, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1742.61, 'text': 'The next question is what are the different types of errors available in PHP? Now there are around 13 errors that are available in PHP.', 'start': 1732.805, 'duration': 9.805}, {'end': 1744.351, 'text': "Let's have a look at all of them.", 'start': 1743.01, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 1746.312, 'text': 'The first one is the error.', 'start': 1744.751, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 1749.834, 'text': 'It is a fatal error that causes script termination.', 'start': 1746.632, 'duration': 3.202}, {'end': 1751.675, 'text': 'The next one is the warning.', 'start': 1750.414, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 1756.838, 'text': 'Now this is basically the runtime warning that does not cause script termination.', 'start': 1752.075, 'duration': 4.763}], 'summary': 'Php has around 13 types of errors, including fatal errors causing script termination and runtime warnings.', 'duration': 24.033, 'max_score': 1732.805, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01732805.jpg'}, {'end': 1866.466, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1835.978, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1839.519, 'text': 'The for each statement is used to loop through arrays.', 'start': 1835.978, 'duration': 3.541}, {'end': 1847.983, 'text': 'For each pass, the value of the current array element is assigned to value and the array pointer is moved by one,', 'start': 1839.879, 'duration': 8.104}, {'end': 1850.904, 'text': 'and in the next pass next element will be processed.', 'start': 1847.983, 'duration': 2.921}, {'end': 1854.878, 'text': 'So here is an example of how we write the for each loop.', 'start': 1851.596, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 1862.023, 'text': 'So we write for each and provide the array as a value and then we continue with our code that is to be executed.', 'start': 1855.479, 'duration': 6.544}, {'end': 1866.466, 'text': 'So this basically shows the syntax for for each loop in PHP.', 'start': 1862.623, 'duration': 3.843}], 'summary': "The 'for each' loop in php iterates through arrays, assigning values to elements and moving the array pointer by one for each pass.", 'duration': 30.488, 'max_score': 1835.978, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01835978.jpg'}, {'end': 1938.294, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1862.623, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1866.466, 'text': 'So this basically shows the syntax for for each loop in PHP.', 'start': 1862.623, 'duration': 3.843}, {'end': 1871.811, 'text': 'The next question is what are the different types of array in PHP.', 'start': 1867.347, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 1875.474, 'text': 'Now, there are basically three types of arrays in PHP.', 'start': 1872.411, 'duration': 3.063}, {'end': 1884.821, 'text': 'So we have indexed array associative array and multi-dimensional array now an array with a numeric index is known as the indexed array.', 'start': 1875.814, 'duration': 9.007}, {'end': 1888.464, 'text': 'Now the values are stored and accessed in a linear fashion.', 'start': 1885.222, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 1892.988, 'text': 'Now an array with strings as index is known as the associative array.', 'start': 1888.864, 'duration': 4.124}, {'end': 1901.071, 'text': 'This basically stores the element values in association with key values rather than in a strict linear index order.', 'start': 1893.528, 'duration': 7.543}, {'end': 1906.573, 'text': 'Now an array containing one or more arrays is known as the multi-dimensional array.', 'start': 1901.571, 'duration': 5.002}, {'end': 1910.294, 'text': 'The values here are accessed using multiple indices.', 'start': 1907.073, 'duration': 3.221}, {'end': 1914.477, 'text': 'So these are the three types of arrays that are present in PHP.', 'start': 1910.954, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 1921.082, 'text': 'The next question is what is the difference between single quoted string and double quoted string?', 'start': 1914.917, 'duration': 6.165}, {'end': 1929.069, 'text': 'Now, singly quoted strings are treated almost literally, whereas doubly quoted strings replace variables with their values,', 'start': 1921.503, 'duration': 7.566}, {'end': 1932.732, 'text': 'as well as specially interpreting certain character sequences.', 'start': 1929.069, 'duration': 3.663}, {'end': 1938.294, 'text': 'So here is an example that shows the difference between the single quoted and the double quoted strings.', 'start': 1933.312, 'duration': 4.982}], 'summary': 'The transcript covers for each loop syntax in php, types of arrays (indexed, associative, multi-dimensional), and the difference between single and double quoted strings.', 'duration': 49.43, 'max_score': 1862.623, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01862623.jpg'}, {'end': 2011.118, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1982.704, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1986.686, 'text': 'So this was the difference between the single quoted string and the double quoted string.', 'start': 1982.704, 'duration': 3.982}, {'end': 1996.884, 'text': 'Now moving on the next question is how to concatenate two strings in PHP now concatenation is basically joining two strings together.', 'start': 1987.555, 'duration': 9.329}, {'end': 2000.167, 'text': 'So to concatenate two string variables together.', 'start': 1997.224, 'duration': 2.943}, {'end': 2003.27, 'text': 'We use the dot operator in PHP.', 'start': 2000.467, 'duration': 2.803}, {'end': 2007.194, 'text': 'Here is an example that shows how we can concatenate two strings.', 'start': 2003.63, 'duration': 3.564}, {'end': 2011.118, 'text': 'So the first string is hello Edureka in the next string.', 'start': 2007.694, 'duration': 3.424}], 'summary': 'Explained difference between single and double quoted strings, demonstrated string concatenation in php using the dot operator.', 'duration': 28.414, 'max_score': 1982.704, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01982704.jpg'}, {'end': 2085.08, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2034.139, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2040.764, 'text': 'The next question is how is it possible to set an infinite execution time for PHP script.', 'start': 2034.139, 'duration': 6.625}, {'end': 2049.389, 'text': 'Now the PHP time limit is basically the amount of time that your site will spend on a single operation before timing out.', 'start': 2041.224, 'duration': 8.165}, {'end': 2057.014, 'text': 'Now the default value for PHP time limit on most hosts for the PHP time limit is 30 seconds.', 'start': 2049.949, 'duration': 7.065}, {'end': 2068.824, 'text': 'The set time limit added at the beginning of a script sets to infinite the time of execution to not have the PHP error that the maximum execution time is exceeded.', 'start': 2057.657, 'duration': 11.167}, {'end': 2073.668, 'text': 'So it is also possible to specify this in the php.ini file.', 'start': 2069.165, 'duration': 4.503}, {'end': 2083.554, 'text': 'So we can always set our time limit to infinite during execution so that it continues for an infinite time during the execution of the PHP script.', 'start': 2074.027, 'duration': 9.527}, {'end': 2085.08, 'text': 'Now moving on.', 'start': 2084.159, 'duration': 0.921}], 'summary': 'Php time limit default is 30 seconds; set to infinite to avoid timeout errors.', 'duration': 50.941, 'max_score': 2034.139, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02034139.jpg'}, {'end': 2175.158, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2108.663, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 2114.45, 'text': 'But if you want to pass more than one parameter to echo use of parenthesis is required.', 'start': 2108.663, 'duration': 5.787}, {'end': 2117.673, 'text': 'Whereas PHP print output a string.', 'start': 2114.89, 'duration': 2.783}, {'end': 2120.897, 'text': 'It is a language construct and not a function.', 'start': 2118.094, 'duration': 2.803}, {'end': 2125.942, 'text': 'So use of parenthesis is not required with the argument list unlike echo.', 'start': 2121.257, 'duration': 4.685}, {'end': 2127.624, 'text': 'It always returns one.', 'start': 2126.102, 'duration': 1.522}, {'end': 2135.288, 'text': 'Now echo can also output one or more string, but print can only output one string and always returns one.', 'start': 2128.104, 'duration': 7.184}, {'end': 2139.851, 'text': 'also, echo is faster than print because it does not return any value.', 'start': 2135.288, 'duration': 4.563}, {'end': 2144.493, 'text': 'So these things are to be kept in mind while using echo and print in PHP.', 'start': 2140.251, 'duration': 4.242}, {'end': 2148.775, 'text': 'Now the next question is name some of the functions in PHP.', 'start': 2144.853, 'duration': 3.922}, {'end': 2151.497, 'text': "So let's have a look at some of the functions.", 'start': 2149.336, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 2153.958, 'text': 'So the first function is ereq.', 'start': 2152.256, 'duration': 1.702}, {'end': 2160.826, 'text': 'Now the ereq function searches a string specified by string for a string specified by pattern,', 'start': 2153.998, 'duration': 6.828}, {'end': 2164.931, 'text': 'returning true if the pattern is found and false otherwise.', 'start': 2160.826, 'duration': 4.105}, {'end': 2167.234, 'text': 'The next one is the split function.', 'start': 2165.492, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 2175.158, 'text': 'Now, the split function will basically divide a string into various elements, the boundaries of each element,', 'start': 2167.834, 'duration': 7.324}], 'summary': 'Echo and print in php, differences and functions explained.', 'duration': 52.163, 'max_score': 2108.663, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02108663.jpg'}, {'end': 2207.074, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2181.121, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 2188.826, 'text': 'Now the Preg match function searches string for pattern returning true if pattern exists and false otherwise.', 'start': 2181.121, 'duration': 7.705}, {'end': 2191.247, 'text': 'Next up is the Preg split function.', 'start': 2189.366, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 2201.251, 'text': 'Now the prec split function operates exactly like split except that regular expressions are also accepted as input parameters for pattern.', 'start': 2191.787, 'duration': 9.464}, {'end': 2207.074, 'text': 'Now these were some of the most commonly asked basic level PHP interview questions.', 'start': 2201.872, 'duration': 5.202}], 'summary': 'Preg match and split functions in php, commonly asked basic level interview questions', 'duration': 25.953, 'max_score': 2181.121, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02181121.jpg'}], 'start': 1732.805, 'title': 'Php errors and functions in php', 'summary': 'Covers 13 types of php errors and explains for each loop syntax, types of arrays in php, difference between single and double quoted strings, and concatenation of strings. it also explains setting php time limits and the difference between echo and print, along with commonly used php functions including ereq, split, preg match, and preg split.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2033.572, 'start': 1732.805, 'title': 'Php errors, loops, arrays, strings & concatenation', 'summary': 'Covers 13 types of errors available in php, including fatal, warning, parse, notice, core, compile, user, strict, irrecoverable, and all errors, followed by explanations on for each loop syntax, types of arrays in php, difference between single quoted and double quoted strings, and concatenation of two strings using the dot operator.', 'duration': 300.767, 'highlights': ['13 Types of Errors in PHP There are 13 types of errors in PHP, including fatal, warning, parse, notice, core, compile, user, strict, irrecoverable, and all errors, with examples and explanations provided for each type.', "Syntax for For Each Loop The for each loop in PHP is used to iterate through arrays, assigning the current array element's value to a variable and processing each element successively, illustrated with an example.", 'Types of Arrays in PHP The three types of arrays in PHP are indexed, associative, and multi-dimensional, each with distinct characteristics in terms of indexing and accessing values.', 'Difference Between Single Quoted and Double Quoted Strings Singly quoted strings are treated literally, while doubly quoted strings interpret variables and certain character sequences, demonstrated with an example showcasing the difference in output.', 'Concatenation of Strings in PHP The dot operator is used for concatenating two string variables in PHP, with an example demonstrating the concatenation process and the resulting output.']}, {'end': 2207.074, 'start': 2034.139, 'title': 'Setting php time limit and understanding echo vs print in php', 'summary': 'Explains how to set an infinite execution time for php scripts, the default php time limit, the difference between echo and print in php, and some commonly used php functions including ereq, split, preg match, and preg split.', 'duration': 172.935, 'highlights': ['The PHP time limit is set to 30 seconds by default on most hosts. The default value for PHP time limit on most hosts is 30 seconds.', 'The set time limit function can be used to set the execution time to infinite and prevent PHP errors due to maximum execution time being exceeded. The set time limit added at the beginning of a script sets to infinite the time of execution to not have the PHP error that the maximum execution time is exceeded.', 'Echo can output one or more strings, while print can only output one string and always returns one. Echo can output one or more string, but print can only output one string and always returns one.', 'Echo is faster than print because it does not return any value. Echo is faster than print because it does not return any value.', 'Some commonly used PHP functions include ereq, split, Preg match, and Preg split. Some commonly used PHP functions include ereq, split, Preg match, and Preg split.']}], 'duration': 474.269, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h01732805.jpg', 'highlights': ['13 Types of Errors in PHP There are 13 types of errors in PHP, including fatal, warning, parse, notice, core, compile, user, strict, irrecoverable, and all errors, with examples and explanations provided for each type.', "Syntax for For Each Loop The for each loop in PHP is used to iterate through arrays, assigning the current array element's value to a variable and processing each element successively, illustrated with an example.", 'Types of Arrays in PHP The three types of arrays in PHP are indexed, associative, and multi-dimensional, each with distinct characteristics in terms of indexing and accessing values.', 'Difference Between Single Quoted and Double Quoted Strings Singly quoted strings are treated literally, while doubly quoted strings interpret variables and certain character sequences, demonstrated with an example showcasing the difference in output.', 'Concatenation of Strings in PHP The dot operator is used for concatenating two string variables in PHP, with an example demonstrating the concatenation process and the resulting output.', 'The set time limit function can be used to set the execution time to infinite and prevent PHP errors due to maximum execution time being exceeded. The set time limit added at the beginning of a script sets to infinite the time of execution to not have the PHP error that the maximum execution time is exceeded.', 'The PHP time limit is set to 30 seconds by default on most hosts. The default value for PHP time limit on most hosts is 30 seconds.', 'Some commonly used PHP functions include ereq, split, Preg match, and Preg split. Some commonly used PHP functions include ereq, split, Preg match, and Preg split.', 'Echo can output one or more strings, while print can only output one string and always returns one. Echo can output one or more string, but print can only output one string and always returns one.', 'Echo is faster than print because it does not return any value. Echo is faster than print because it does not return any value.']}, {'end': 2605.667, 'segs': [{'end': 2293.67, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2207.614, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2212.296, 'text': "So let's move on to the next section of advanced level PHP questions.", 'start': 2207.614, 'duration': 4.682}, {'end': 2220.88, 'text': 'So the first question in the advanced level section is what is the main difference between ASP.NET and PHP?', 'start': 2212.936, 'duration': 7.944}, {'end': 2229.081, 'text': 'Now, on one side, PHP is a free open source platform, while dotnet is a paid Microsoft platform.', 'start': 2221.616, 'duration': 7.465}, {'end': 2234.424, 'text': 'PHP is basically a mix between a programming language and a web framework.', 'start': 2229.461, 'duration': 4.963}, {'end': 2238.227, 'text': 'Whereas dotnet is a straight application framework.', 'start': 2234.885, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 2240.709, 'text': 'Now PHP is a programming language.', 'start': 2238.667, 'duration': 2.042}, {'end': 2244.032, 'text': 'Whereas asp.net is a programming framework.', 'start': 2240.849, 'duration': 3.183}, {'end': 2254.4, 'text': 'So websites developed by asp.net may use C sharp, but also other languages such as J sharp and asp.net is compiled.', 'start': 2244.452, 'duration': 9.948}, {'end': 2260.965, 'text': 'Whereas PHP is interpreted now asp.net is basically designed for Windows machines.', 'start': 2254.62, 'duration': 6.345}, {'end': 2266.31, 'text': 'Whereas PHP is platform free and typically runs on Linux servers.', 'start': 2261.146, 'duration': 5.164}, {'end': 2276.457, 'text': 'Now the next question is what is the use of session and cookies in PHP? A session is a global variable stored on the server.', 'start': 2267.009, 'duration': 9.448}, {'end': 2282.923, 'text': 'Now each session is assigned a unique ID which is used to retrieve stored values.', 'start': 2276.937, 'duration': 5.986}, {'end': 2288.948, 'text': 'Now sessions have the capacity to store relatively large data compared to cookies.', 'start': 2283.383, 'duration': 5.565}, {'end': 2293.67, 'text': 'The session values are automatically deleted when the browser is closed.', 'start': 2289.628, 'duration': 4.042}], 'summary': 'Comparison of asp.net and php, session & cookies usage in php', 'duration': 86.056, 'max_score': 2207.614, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02207614.jpg'}, {'end': 2412.075, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2388.71, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2396.714, 'text': 'in function overloading, more than one function can have same method signature but different number of arguments.', 'start': 2388.71, 'duration': 8.004}, {'end': 2403.998, 'text': 'but in case of function overwriting, more than one function will have same metal signature and number of arguments.', 'start': 2396.714, 'duration': 7.284}, {'end': 2412.075, 'text': 'Now function overloading contains same function name and that performs different tasks according to the number of arguments.', 'start': 2404.77, 'duration': 7.305}], 'summary': 'Function overloading allows multiple functions with same method signature but different arguments, while function overriding involves multiple functions with same method signature and arguments.', 'duration': 23.365, 'max_score': 2388.71, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02388710.jpg'}, {'end': 2533.076, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2507.682, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2517.311, 'text': 'now, in a document, a header is some combination of text and image, as that can be made to appear at the top of each page when displayed or printed.', 'start': 2507.682, 'duration': 9.629}, {'end': 2523.673, 'text': 'Now the header function is used to send a raw HTTP header to a client in PHP.', 'start': 2517.851, 'duration': 5.822}, {'end': 2527.034, 'text': 'It must be called before sending the actual output.', 'start': 2524.233, 'duration': 2.801}, {'end': 2533.076, 'text': "For example, you can't print any HTML element before using this particular function.", 'start': 2527.454, 'duration': 5.622}], 'summary': 'In php, the header function sends raw http headers to a client, appearing at the top of each page when displayed or printed.', 'duration': 25.394, 'max_score': 2507.682, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02507682.jpg'}, {'end': 2617.791, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2584.937, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 2592.704, 'text': 'Whereas whenever we are using the double dollar message, it represents a variable whose name is stored in the dollar message.', 'start': 2584.937, 'duration': 7.767}, {'end': 2599.67, 'text': 'So for example, if dollar message contains where dollar dollar message is the same as dollar where.', 'start': 2593.224, 'duration': 6.446}, {'end': 2605.667, 'text': 'So this is exactly the difference between the dollar message and the double dollar message in PHP.', 'start': 2600.265, 'duration': 5.402}, {'end': 2617.791, 'text': 'Now the next question is how can we create a database using PHP and MySQL? Now there are certain basic steps to create MySQL database using PHP.', 'start': 2606.207, 'duration': 11.584}], 'summary': 'Difference between dollar message and double dollar message in php explained. next, steps to create mysql database using php outlined.', 'duration': 32.854, 'max_score': 2584.937, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02584937.jpg'}], 'start': 2207.614, 'title': 'Asp.net vs php', 'summary': 'Discusses the main differences between asp.net and php, emphasizing php as a free open source platform, and highlighting that asp.net is designed for windows machines. it also explores php features such as sessions, cookies, overloading, overriding, and the header function.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2266.31, 'start': 2207.614, 'title': 'Asp.net vs php: key differences', 'summary': 'Discusses the main differences between asp.net and php, emphasizing that php is a free open source platform, while asp.net is a paid microsoft platform, and highlighting that asp.net is designed for windows machines while php is platform free and typically runs on linux servers.', 'duration': 58.696, 'highlights': ['ASP.NET is a paid Microsoft platform, whereas PHP is a free open source platform.', 'ASP.NET is designed for Windows machines, while PHP is platform free and typically runs on Linux servers.', 'ASP.NET is a programming framework, whereas PHP is a programming language.']}, {'end': 2605.667, 'start': 2267.009, 'title': 'Php: session, cookies, overloading, overriding, header', 'summary': 'Explains the use of sessions and cookies in php, demonstrating how to create and start a session, setting cookies, and discusses function overloading, overriding, and the use of the header function in php.', 'duration': 338.658, 'highlights': ["Use of Sessions and Cookies in PHP Sessions store global variables on the server and have the capacity to store relatively large data compared to cookies; they are automatically deleted when the browser is closed. Cookies store data in the visitor's browser and are less secure; example of creating a cookie and starting a session in PHP is provided.", 'Function Overloading and Overriding in PHP Function overloading allows multiple functions with the same method signature but different numbers of arguments, while function overriding replaces the parent method in the child class to change its behavior; function overloading is achieved using the magic function call in PHP.', 'Use of Header Function in PHP The header function is used to send raw HTTP headers to clients, redirect from one page to another, send HTTP status codes, and specify content types; it must be called before sending any actual output.', "Difference Between $message and $$message in PHP The single dollar represents a fixed variable name, while the double dollar represents a variable whose name is stored in the dollar message; for example, $message contains 'where' and $$message is the same as $where."]}], 'duration': 398.053, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02207614.jpg', 'highlights': ['ASP.NET is a paid Microsoft platform, whereas PHP is a free open source platform.', 'ASP.NET is designed for Windows machines, while PHP is platform free and typically runs on Linux servers.', 'ASP.NET is a programming framework, whereas PHP is a programming language.', 'Use of Sessions and Cookies in PHP Sessions store global variables on the server and have the capacity to store relatively large data compared to cookies; they are automatically deleted when the browser is closed.', 'Function Overloading and Overriding in PHP Function overloading allows multiple functions with the same method signature but different numbers of arguments, while function overriding replaces the parent method in the child class to change its behavior; function overloading is achieved using the magic function call in PHP.', 'Use of Header Function in PHP The header function is used to send raw HTTP headers to clients, redirect from one page to another, send HTTP status codes, and specify content types; it must be called before sending any actual output.', "Difference Between $message and $$message in PHP The single dollar represents a fixed variable name, while the double dollar represents a variable whose name is stored in the dollar message; for example, $message contains 'where' and $$message is the same as $where."]}, {'end': 3101.746, 'segs': [{'end': 2689.324, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2661.764, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2665.405, 'text': 'So here is an example that shows how we can use the get method.', 'start': 2661.764, 'duration': 3.641}, {'end': 2672.127, 'text': 'So we have used the question mark character in order to separate our page and the encoded information.', 'start': 2666.065, 'duration': 6.062}, {'end': 2675.968, 'text': 'The first part shows the page and the second part has name and value.', 'start': 2672.547, 'duration': 3.421}, {'end': 2681.215, 'text': 'Now the post method transfers information via HTTP headers.', 'start': 2676.65, 'duration': 4.565}, {'end': 2689.324, 'text': 'Now the information is encoded as described in case of get method and put into a header called the query string.', 'start': 2681.716, 'duration': 7.608}], 'summary': 'Demonstrates using get and post methods for transferring information via http headers.', 'duration': 27.56, 'max_score': 2661.764, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02661764.jpg'}, {'end': 2776.043, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2699.937, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2710.662, 'text': 'So the get method is restricted to send up to 1024 characters only, but the post method does not have any restriction on data size to be sent.', 'start': 2699.937, 'duration': 10.725}, {'end': 2717.105, 'text': "also, get can't be used to send binary data, like images or word documents, to the server,", 'start': 2710.662, 'duration': 6.443}, {'end': 2721.467, 'text': 'but the post method can be used to send us key as well as binary data.', 'start': 2717.105, 'duration': 4.362}, {'end': 2728.725, 'text': 'Now the data sent by get method can be accessed using the query string environment variable,', 'start': 2722.162, 'duration': 6.563}, {'end': 2732.546, 'text': 'but the data sent by post method goes through HTTP header.', 'start': 2728.725, 'duration': 3.821}, {'end': 2736.208, 'text': 'So security depends on HTTP protocol.', 'start': 2733.026, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 2744.751, 'text': 'The final difference is the PHP provides the $get associative array to access all the sent information using get method.', 'start': 2736.628, 'duration': 8.123}, {'end': 2752.72, 'text': 'Whereas the PHP provides a dollar post associative array to access all the sent information using the post method.', 'start': 2745.331, 'duration': 7.389}, {'end': 2757.266, 'text': 'So these were some of the differences between the get and the post method.', 'start': 2753.161, 'duration': 4.105}, {'end': 2768.517, 'text': 'Now the next question is what is the use of callback in PHP? Now PHP callback are basically functions that may be called dynamically by PHP.', 'start': 2757.786, 'duration': 10.731}, {'end': 2776.043, 'text': 'They are used by native functions such as the array map, use sort, preg replace callback, et cetera.', 'start': 2769.077, 'duration': 6.966}], 'summary': "Get method restricted to 1024 chars, post has no limit. get can't send binary data, post can. data sent by get accessed via query string, by post via http header. php provides $get array for get method, $post for post method. callbacks in php are functions called dynamically.", 'duration': 76.106, 'max_score': 2699.937, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02699937.jpg'}, {'end': 2832.669, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2791.647, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 2794.729, 'text': 'So here is a basic example of the callback function.', 'start': 2791.647, 'duration': 3.082}, {'end': 2798.551, 'text': 'So this is how the callback function works in PHP.', 'start': 2795.529, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 2802.953, 'text': 'Now, the next question is what is a lambda function in PHP?', 'start': 2799.071, 'duration': 3.882}, {'end': 2813.999, 'text': 'Now, a lambda function is basically an anonymous PHP function that can be stored in a variable and passed as an argument to other functions or methods.', 'start': 2803.454, 'duration': 10.545}, {'end': 2819.142, 'text': 'So a closure is a lambda function that is aware of its surrounding context.', 'start': 2814.42, 'duration': 4.722}, {'end': 2826.486, 'text': 'For example, We can write the input as array 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and our output as array.', 'start': 2819.582, 'duration': 6.904}, {'end': 2832.669, 'text': 'filter and input function dollar V, which returns the dollar V to be greater than 2..', 'start': 2826.486, 'duration': 6.183}], 'summary': 'Php callback and lambda functions explained, with an example and usage details.', 'duration': 29.215, 'max_score': 2791.647, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02791647.jpg'}, {'end': 2882.272, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2856.634, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 2866.623, 'text': 'these methods, identified by a to underscore prefix function as interceptors that are automatically called when certain conditions are met.', 'start': 2856.634, 'duration': 9.989}, {'end': 2874.743, 'text': 'Now PHP provides a number of magic methods that allow you to do some pretty neat tricks in object-oriented programming.', 'start': 2867.184, 'duration': 7.559}, {'end': 2878.99, 'text': 'So there is a list of magic functions available in PHP.', 'start': 2875.507, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 2882.272, 'text': 'So these are the following magic functions that we have.', 'start': 2879.45, 'duration': 2.822}], 'summary': 'Php has a list of magic functions for object-oriented programming.', 'duration': 25.638, 'max_score': 2856.634, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02856634.jpg'}, {'end': 2939.116, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2913.358, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 2920.965, 'text': 'So the function is described as crypt and inside that the first one is our input string and the second one is our optional parameter.', 'start': 2913.358, 'duration': 7.607}, {'end': 2924.428, 'text': 'Now PHP uses the DES for encryption.', 'start': 2921.465, 'duration': 2.963}, {'end': 2929.233, 'text': 'So here is an example that shows how we encrypt the password using PHP.', 'start': 2924.909, 'duration': 4.324}, {'end': 2934.565, 'text': 'So we have set our password as edureka and also encrypted it using PHP.', 'start': 2929.874, 'duration': 4.691}, {'end': 2939.116, 'text': 'Now the next question is how to connect to a URL in PHP.', 'start': 2935.127, 'duration': 3.989}], 'summary': 'Php uses des for encryption, example shows password encryption and connecting to a url.', 'duration': 25.758, 'max_score': 2913.358, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02913358.jpg'}, {'end': 2995.892, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2969.091, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2975.436, 'text': 'Now, type hinting is used to specify the expected data type of an argument in a function declaration.', 'start': 2969.091, 'duration': 6.345}, {'end': 2982.782, 'text': 'So when you call the function the PHP will check whether or not the arguments are of the specified type.', 'start': 2976.016, 'duration': 6.766}, {'end': 2987.886, 'text': 'If not the runtime will raise an error and the execution will be halted.', 'start': 2983.422, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 2991.789, 'text': 'So here is an example that shows type hinting in PHP.', 'start': 2988.426, 'duration': 3.363}, {'end': 2995.892, 'text': 'So here we are sending an email using the function send email.', 'start': 2992.449, 'duration': 3.443}], 'summary': 'Type hinting in php specifies data type of function arguments to ensure runtime error prevention.', 'duration': 26.801, 'max_score': 2969.091, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02969091.jpg'}], 'start': 2606.207, 'title': 'Php mysql database creation and interview insights', 'summary': 'Covers creating a mysql database using php, highlighting differences between get and post methods, and insights into php interview topics including callback functions, lambda functions, and password encryption.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2752.72, 'start': 2606.207, 'title': 'Php mysql database creation', 'summary': 'Discusses creating a mysql database using php, including the steps involved and the differences between the get and post methods in php, highlighting limitations of the get method and the advantages of the post method.', 'duration': 146.513, 'highlights': ['The get method is restricted to send up to 1024 characters only, but the post method does not have any restriction on data size to be sent, allowing for larger data transfer.', 'The post method can be used to send binary data, like images or word documents, to the server, providing more flexibility compared to the get method.', 'PHP provides the $get associative array to access all the sent information using get method, and the $post associative array to access all the sent information using the post method, illustrating the different ways to access data sent via the get and post methods.', 'The get method sends the encoded user information appended to the page request, separated by the question mark character, providing an understanding of how the get method works.', 'The post method transfers information via HTTP headers and can be used to send key as well as binary data, highlighting the method of transferring information and its capabilities.']}, {'end': 3101.746, 'start': 2753.161, 'title': 'Php interview insights', 'summary': 'Highlights differences between get and post methods, the use of callback functions, lambda functions, php magic methods, password encryption, connecting to a url, type hinting, and differences between runtime and compile time exceptions in php.', 'duration': 348.585, 'highlights': ["The crypt function in PHP is used to create one-way encryption using DES, with an input string and an optional parameter, such as encrypting the password 'edureka' as an example. The crypt function in PHP is used for one-way encryption, utilizing DES and an input string with an optional parameter, as demonstrated by encrypting the password 'edureka'.", 'Type hinting in PHP is used to specify the expected data type of an argument in a function declaration, ensuring that arguments are of the specified type to avoid runtime errors. Type hinting in PHP specifies the expected data type of an argument in a function declaration, allowing PHP to check if the arguments are of the specified type to prevent runtime errors.', 'The chapter explains the usage of callback functions in PHP, highlighting their role in dynamic function calls and their use by native functions such as array map, usort, preg_replace_callback, etc. The chapter delves into the usage of callback functions in PHP, emphasizing their role in dynamic function calls and their utilization by native functions like array map, usort, preg_replace_callback, etc.', 'An overview of PHP magic methods is provided, listing several magic functions such as construct, destruct, call, callStatic, __get, __set, __isset, __unset, __sleep, __wakeup, __toString, __invoke, __set_state, __clone, and __debugInfo for object-oriented programming. The transcript provides an overview of PHP magic methods, listing various magic functions like construct, destruct, call, callStatic, __get, __set, __isset, __unset, __sleep, __wakeup, __toString, __invoke, __set_state, __clone, and __debugInfo for object-oriented programming.', 'The concept of lambda functions in PHP is explained, highlighting their nature as anonymous functions that can be stored in a variable and passed as an argument to other functions or methods. The chapter elucidates the concept of lambda functions in PHP, emphasizing their nature as anonymous functions that can be stored in a variable and utilized as arguments in other functions or methods.']}], 'duration': 495.539, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/L-yBrP_Q0h0/pics/L-yBrP_Q0h02606207.jpg', 'highlights': ['The post method does not have any restriction on data size to be sent, allowing for larger data transfer.', 'The post method can be used to send binary data, like images or word documents, to the server, providing more flexibility compared to the get method.', 'PHP provides the $get associative array to access all the sent information using get method, and the $post associative array to access all the sent information using the post method, illustrating the different ways to access data sent via the get and post methods.', 'The post method transfers information via HTTP headers and can be used to send key as well as binary data, highlighting the method of transferring information and its capabilities.', 'Type hinting in PHP is used to specify the expected data type of an argument in a function declaration, ensuring that arguments are of the specified type to avoid runtime errors.', 'The chapter delves into the usage of callback functions in PHP, emphasizing their role in dynamic function calls and their utilization by native functions like array map, usort, preg_replace_callback, etc.', 'The transcript provides an overview of PHP magic methods, listing various magic functions like construct, destruct, call, callStatic, __get, __set, __isset, __unset, __sleep, __wakeup, __toString, __invoke, __set_state, __clone, and __debugInfo for object-oriented programming.', 'The chapter elucidates the concept of lambda functions in PHP, emphasizing their nature as anonymous functions that can be stored in a variable and utilized as arguments in other functions or methods.', "The crypt function in PHP is used to create one-way encryption using DES, with an input string and an optional parameter, such as encrypting the password 'edureka' as an example."]}], 'highlights': ['PHP is one of the most famous server-side scripting languages that run on a web server.', 'The session covers the history and salary trends of PHP, along with its usage by big companies.', 'The interview questions are divided into basic and advanced levels, catering to different skill levels of candidates.', 'PHP was created in 1994 by Rasmus Ladoff and has evolved into a widely used open-source programming language, especially suited for creating dynamic websites and mobile APIs.', 'Big companies like Facebook, Wikipedia, MailChimp, and Tumblr use PHP as their language, making it one of the most famous languages for web developers.', 'The average salary of developers using PHP is discussed, indicating a favorable job market for those skilled in PHP.', 'Static web pages vs dynamic web pages: static pages contain pre-built content, while dynamic pages can generate content on the fly.', 'Differences between PHP 4 and PHP 5, including constructor naming, passing objects by references, abstract class declaration, and the inclusion of static methods and properties in PHP 5.', 'The use of final keyword in PHP prevents child classes from overriding a method and a final class cannot be extended.', '13 Types of Errors in PHP There are 13 types of errors in PHP, including fatal, warning, parse, notice, core, compile, user, strict, irrecoverable, and all errors, with examples and explanations provided for each type.', 'ASP.NET is a paid Microsoft platform, whereas PHP is a free open source platform.', 'Use of Sessions and Cookies in PHP Sessions store global variables on the server and have the capacity to store relatively large data compared to cookies; they are automatically deleted when the browser is closed.', 'The post method does not have any restriction on data size to be sent, allowing for larger data transfer.', 'Type hinting in PHP is used to specify the expected data type of an argument in a function declaration, ensuring that arguments are of the specified type to avoid runtime errors.']}