title
Jeff Bezos: Amazon and Blue Origin | Lex Fridman Podcast #405

description
Jeff Bezos is the founder of Amazon and Blue Origin. Thank you for listening ❤ Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Notion: https://notion.com/lex - Policygenius: https://policygenius.com/lex - MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lexpod to get 15% off - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings - InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off TRANSCRIPT: https://lexfridman.com/jeff-bezos-transcript EPISODE LINKS: Jeff's Instagram: https://instagram.com/jeffbezos Jeff's Twitter: https://twitter.com/jeffbezos Amazon: https://amazon.com Blue Origin: https://blueorigin.com Invent and Wander (book): https://amzn.to/41bF2SY PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 0:24 - Texas ranch and childhood 4:02 - Space exploration and rocket engineering 16:36 - Physics 26:10 - New Glenn rocket 1:08:59 - Lunar program 1:18:55 - Amazon 1:36:16 - Principles 1:54:56 - Productivity 2:05:34 - Future of humanity SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

detail
{'title': 'Jeff Bezos: Amazon and Blue Origin | Lex Fridman Podcast #405', 'heatmap': [{'end': 4814.713, 'start': 4736.072, 'weight': 0.804}, {'end': 5368.314, 'start': 5283.171, 'weight': 0.852}], 'summary': "The podcast delves into jeff bezos' early life, space exploration, and vision for a trillion humans in the solar system, alongside his inventive thinking, innovations in rocket technology, decision-making at blue origin, lunar programs, amazon's customer obsession, and the impact of short-form content and ai on civilization, presenting insights on space entrepreneurship, organizational decision-making, and the potential of ai to help humanity.", 'chapters': [{'end': 986.336, 'segs': [{'end': 162.999, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 138.564, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 145.148, 'text': 'For me, the great gift I got from it was that my grandfather was so resourceful.', 'start': 138.564, 'duration': 6.584}, {'end': 146.849, 'text': 'He did everything himself.', 'start': 145.208, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 148.41, 'text': 'He made his own veterinary tools.', 'start': 146.909, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 151.212, 'text': 'He would make needles to suture the cattle up with.', 'start': 148.45, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 156.595, 'text': 'He would find a little piece of wire and heat it up and pound it thin and drill a hole in it and sharpen it.', 'start': 151.272, 'duration': 5.323}, {'end': 162.999, 'text': 'So you learn different things on a ranch than you would learn growing up in a city.', 'start': 157.256, 'duration': 5.743}], 'summary': "Grandfather's resourcefulness: made own veterinary tools, needles, and more on the ranch.", 'duration': 24.435, 'max_score': 138.564, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY138564.jpg'}, {'end': 348.119, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 319.156, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 322.479, 'text': "Oh yeah, you'll do that when men walk on the moon.", 'start': 319.156, 'duration': 3.323}, {'end': 325.081, 'text': 'And of course it finally happened.', 'start': 323.5, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 330.646, 'text': 'So I think it was pulled forward in time because of the space race.', 'start': 326.242, 'duration': 4.404}, {'end': 337.149, 'text': 'I think with the geopolitical implications and how much resource was put into it.', 'start': 331.604, 'duration': 5.545}, {'end': 343.735, 'text': 'At the peak, that program was spending 2% or 3% of GDP on the Apollo program.', 'start': 337.789, 'duration': 5.946}, {'end': 345.436, 'text': 'So much resource.', 'start': 344.275, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 348.119, 'text': 'I think it was pulled forward in time.', 'start': 345.797, 'duration': 2.322}], 'summary': 'Apollo program spent 2-3% of gdp, accelerated by space race.', 'duration': 28.963, 'max_score': 319.156, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY319156.jpg'}, {'end': 459.444, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 436.06, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 445.684, 'text': "but I think that the Americans thought that the Alan Shepard flight the flight that New Shepard is named after the first American in space he'd gone on his suborbital flight.", 'start': 436.06, 'duration': 9.624}, {'end': 450.153, 'text': 'they thought he had about a 75% chance of success.', 'start': 446.345, 'duration': 3.808}, {'end': 454.302, 'text': "So, you know, that's a pretty big risk, a 25% risk.", 'start': 451.396, 'duration': 2.906}, {'end': 459.444, 'text': "It's kind of interesting that Alan Shepard is not quite as famous as John Glenn.", 'start': 456.061, 'duration': 3.383}], 'summary': 'Alan shepard had a 75% chance of success in the first american suborbital flight, a 25% risk.', 'duration': 23.384, 'max_score': 436.06, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY436060.jpg'}, {'end': 553.476, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 524.393, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 532.999, 'text': 'When you look up at the stars and think big, what do you hope is the future of humanity hundreds, thousands of years from now out in space?', 'start': 524.393, 'duration': 8.606}, {'end': 541.112, 'text': 'I would love to see a trillion humans living in the solar system.', 'start': 534.329, 'duration': 6.783}, {'end': 547.734, 'text': 'If we had a trillion humans, we would have, at any given time, a thousand Mozarts and a thousand Einsteins.', 'start': 541.652, 'duration': 6.082}, {'end': 553.476, 'text': 'Our solar system would be full of life and intelligence and energy.', 'start': 549.835, 'duration': 3.641}], 'summary': 'Future vision: 1 trillion humans living in the solar system, leading to abundant creativity and intelligence.', 'duration': 29.083, 'max_score': 524.393, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY524393.jpg'}, {'end': 599.084, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 575.948, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 583.991, 'text': 'but but yeah, we will take materials from the moon and from near earth objects and from the asteroid belt and so on.', 'start': 575.948, 'duration': 8.043}, {'end': 590.797, 'text': "And we'll build a giant O'Neill style colonies and people will live in those.", 'start': 584.691, 'duration': 6.106}, {'end': 593.779, 'text': 'And they have a lot of advantages over planetary surfaces.', 'start': 590.897, 'duration': 2.882}, {'end': 597.022, 'text': 'You can spin them to get normal earth gravity.', 'start': 594.14, 'duration': 2.882}, {'end': 599.084, 'text': 'You can put them where you want them.', 'start': 597.723, 'duration': 1.361}], 'summary': "Plan to build giant o'neill style colonies using materials from the moon, near earth objects, and asteroid belt for people to live in with advantages over planetary surfaces.", 'duration': 23.136, 'max_score': 575.948, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY575948.jpg'}, {'end': 658.53, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 626.683, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 631.568, 'text': 'Yeah, same way that you might go to Yellowstone National Park for vacation.', 'start': 626.683, 'duration': 4.885}, {'end': 637.775, 'text': 'People will get to choose whether they live on Earth or whether they live in space,', 'start': 631.608, 'duration': 6.167}, {'end': 644.903, 'text': "but they'll be able to use much more energy and much more material resource in space than they would be able to use on Earth.", 'start': 637.775, 'duration': 7.128}, {'end': 649.284, 'text': 'One of the interesting ideas you had is to move the heavy industry away from Earth.', 'start': 645.441, 'duration': 3.843}, {'end': 658.53, 'text': 'So people sometimes have this idea that somehow space exploration is in conflict with the celebration of the planet Earth,', 'start': 649.744, 'duration': 8.786}], 'summary': 'In space, people can use more energy and material resources than on earth, including moving heavy industry away from earth.', 'duration': 31.847, 'max_score': 626.683, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY626683.jpg'}, {'end': 963.114, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 932.894, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 942.4, 'text': 'And so we have an unusually large amount of radiation-tolerant compute on board Blue Ring, and your payload can just use that when it needs to.', 'start': 932.894, 'duration': 9.506}, {'end': 946.302, 'text': "So it's sort of all these services.", 'start': 942.7, 'duration': 3.602}, {'end': 949.304, 'text': "It's like a set of APIs.", 'start': 947.663, 'duration': 1.641}, {'end': 957.25, 'text': "It's a little bit like Amazon Web Services, but for space payloads that need to move about in Earth vicinity or lunar vicinity.", 'start': 949.585, 'duration': 7.665}, {'end': 963.114, 'text': 'A-W-S-S Okay, so compute in space.', 'start': 958.331, 'duration': 4.783}], 'summary': 'Blue ring offers a large radiation-tolerant compute for space payloads, similar to aws for earth and lunar vicinity.', 'duration': 30.22, 'max_score': 932.894, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY932894.jpg'}], 'start': 0.089, 'title': 'Jeff bezos and the future of space exploration', 'summary': "Delves into jeff bezos' early life and space inspiration, the early days of space exploration, and the future of humanity in space. it covers bezos' formative experiences, fascination with space, and envisions a future with a trillion humans living in the solar system, supported by giant space stations and resource utilization from the moon, asteroid belt, and near-earth objects.", 'chapters': [{'end': 372.612, 'start': 0.089, 'title': 'Jeff bezos: early life and space inspiration', 'summary': "Discusses jeff bezos' formative experiences on a ranch, emphasizing self-reliance and problem-solving, and his fascination with space exploration stemming from the historical context and impact of the space race between the soviet union and the u.s., particularly the apollo program's technical marvel and resource allocation.", 'duration': 372.523, 'highlights': ["Jeff Bezos' formative experiences on a ranch emphasized self-reliance and problem-solving, with his grandfather being a huge influence and role model in his life, teaching him to solve problems with persistence and ingenuity. N/A", "Bezos' fascination with space exploration was sparked by the historical context and impact of the space race, particularly the Apollo program's technical marvel and resource allocation, with the program spending 2% or 3% of GDP at its peak. 2% or 3% of GDP"]}, {'end': 523.693, 'start': 372.612, 'title': 'Space exploration and human achievement', 'summary': "Discusses the early days of space exploration, highlighting the risks taken by astronauts and the significance of their experiences, including gagarin's historic view of the earth and shepard and glenn's pioneering flights.", 'duration': 151.081, 'highlights': ["Gagarin's historic first words in space, 'my god, it's blue,' highlighted the significance of being the first person to see the Earth from space.", "The Americans thought that Alan Shepard's suborbital flight had about a 75% chance of success, emphasizing the substantial risks taken by astronauts in the early days of space exploration.", 'John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth, expressed gratitude for having New Glenn named after him, showcasing the human side and humor of these pioneering astronauts.']}, {'end': 986.336, 'start': 524.393, 'title': 'Future of humanity in space', 'summary': 'Envisions a future with a trillion humans living in the solar system, supported by giant space stations and resource utilization from the moon, asteroid belt, and near-earth objects, aiming to move heavy industry away from earth to preserve its natural beauty and ecosystem.', 'duration': 461.943, 'highlights': ['The chapter envisions a future with a trillion humans living in the solar system, supported by giant space stations and resource utilization from the moon, asteroid belt, and near-earth objects. Elon Musk expresses his hope for a future where a trillion humans live in the solar system, supported by giant space stations utilizing resources from the moon, asteroid belt, and near-earth objects.', "The vision includes the construction of O'Neill style colonies in space, offering advantages over planetary surfaces, such as adjustable gravity and strategic placement. Elon Musk emphasizes the construction of O'Neill style colonies in space, offering advantages over planetary surfaces, including adjustable gravity and strategic placement.", "The idea of moving heavy industry away from Earth to space is discussed as a way to preserve the planet's natural beauty and ecosystem. The concept of relocating heavy industry from Earth to space is presented as a means to preserve the planet's natural beauty and ecosystem, thereby supporting sustainable development.", 'The Blue Ring spacecraft is described as a versatile vehicle capable of providing various services to payloads, including thermal management, electric power, and compute, similar to Amazon Web Services for space payloads. Elon Musk elaborates on the features of the Blue Ring spacecraft, highlighting its capability to provide diverse services to payloads, akin to Amazon Web Services for space payloads, contributing to efficient operations in Earth and lunar vicinity.']}], 'duration': 986.247, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY89.jpg', 'highlights': ["Bezos' fascination with space exploration was sparked by the historical context and impact of the space race, particularly the Apollo program's technical marvel and resource allocation, with the program spending 2% or 3% of GDP at its peak.", "The Americans thought that Alan Shepard's suborbital flight had about a 75% chance of success, emphasizing the substantial risks taken by astronauts in the early days of space exploration.", 'The chapter envisions a future with a trillion humans living in the solar system, supported by giant space stations and resource utilization from the moon, asteroid belt, and near-earth objects. Elon Musk expresses his hope for a future where a trillion humans live in the solar system, supported by giant space stations utilizing resources from the moon, asteroid belt, and near-earth objects.', "The vision includes the construction of O'Neill style colonies in space, offering advantages over planetary surfaces, such as adjustable gravity and strategic placement. Elon Musk emphasizes the construction of O'Neill style colonies in space, offering advantages over planetary surfaces, including adjustable gravity and strategic placement.", "The idea of moving heavy industry away from Earth to space is discussed as a way to preserve the planet's natural beauty and ecosystem. The concept of relocating heavy industry from Earth to space is presented as a means to preserve the planet's natural beauty and ecosystem, thereby supporting sustainable development.", 'The Blue Ring spacecraft is described as a versatile vehicle capable of providing various services to payloads, including thermal management, electric power, and compute, similar to Amazon Web Services for space payloads. Elon Musk elaborates on the features of the Blue Ring spacecraft, highlighting its capability to provide diverse services to payloads, akin to Amazon Web Services for space payloads, contributing to efficient operations in Earth and lunar vicinity.', "Jeff Bezos' formative experiences on a ranch emphasized self-reliance and problem-solving, with his grandfather being a huge influence and role model in his life, teaching him to solve problems with persistence and ingenuity."]}, {'end': 1552.379, 'segs': [{'end': 1041.768, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1012.916, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1016.179, 'text': 'why are you not, Jeff Bezos, the famous theoretical physicist??', 'start': 1012.916, 'duration': 3.263}, {'end': 1020.931, 'text': 'So I loved physics and I studied physics and computer science.', 'start': 1017.048, 'duration': 3.883}, {'end': 1025.034, 'text': 'And I was proceeding along the physics path.', 'start': 1021.552, 'duration': 3.482}, {'end': 1026.335, 'text': 'I was planning to major in physics.', 'start': 1025.074, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 1028.196, 'text': 'And I wanted to be a theoretical physicist.', 'start': 1026.375, 'duration': 1.821}, {'end': 1032.14, 'text': 'And the computer science was sort of something I was doing for fun.', 'start': 1028.896, 'duration': 3.244}, {'end': 1033.441, 'text': 'I really loved it.', 'start': 1032.619, 'duration': 0.822}, {'end': 1038.885, 'text': 'And I was very good at the programming and doing those things.', 'start': 1035.423, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 1041.768, 'text': 'And I enjoyed all my computer science classes immensely.', 'start': 1038.944, 'duration': 2.824}], 'summary': 'Jeff bezos initially planned to major in physics but pursued computer science and became proficient in programming.', 'duration': 28.852, 'max_score': 1012.916, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY1012916.jpg'}, {'end': 1238.792, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1207.392, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1209.233, 'text': "yeah, there's a particular kind of intuition.", 'start': 1207.392, 'duration': 1.841}, {'end': 1212.735, 'text': 'you need to be a great physicist in applied to physics.', 'start': 1209.233, 'duration': 3.502}, {'end': 1217.378, 'text': 'i think the mathematical skill required today is so high.', 'start': 1212.735, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 1224.423, 'text': 'you have to be a world-class mathematician to be a successful theoretical physicist today.', 'start': 1217.378, 'duration': 7.045}, {'end': 1226.404, 'text': "and it's not you know it.", 'start': 1224.423, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 1232.628, 'text': 'uh, you probably need other skills too intuition, lateral thinking and so on.', 'start': 1226.404, 'duration': 6.224}, {'end': 1238.792, 'text': "but without the, without just top-notch math skills, you're unlikely to be successful.", 'start': 1232.628, 'duration': 6.164}], 'summary': 'Top-notch math skills are essential for success in theoretical physics.', 'duration': 31.4, 'max_score': 1207.392, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY1207392.jpg'}, {'end': 1414.244, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1382.299, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1385.902, 'text': "But I'm talking about real invention, real lateral thinking.", 'start': 1382.299, 'duration': 3.603}, {'end': 1388.184, 'text': 'That requires wandering.', 'start': 1386.503, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 1391.026, 'text': 'And you have to give yourself permission to wander.', 'start': 1388.664, 'duration': 2.362}, {'end': 1392.387, 'text': 'I think a lot of people.', 'start': 1391.226, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 1403.24, 'text': 'um, they feel like wandering is inefficient and you know like when.', 'start': 1393.656, 'duration': 9.584}, {'end': 1411.943, 'text': "when i sit down at a meeting, i don't know how long the meeting is going to take if we're trying to solve a problem, because if i did,", 'start': 1403.24, 'duration': 8.703}, {'end': 1414.244, 'text': "then i'd already.", 'start': 1411.943, 'duration': 2.301}], 'summary': 'Real invention and lateral thinking require permission to wander, often seen as inefficient.', 'duration': 31.945, 'max_score': 1382.299, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY1382299.jpg'}], 'start': 986.857, 'title': "Jeff bezos' journey and inventive thinking", 'summary': "Delves into jeff bezos' shift from theoretical physics to founding amazon, highlighting his embrace of computer science, and also explores inventive thinking, lateral thinking, intuition, mathematics in physics, and the process of invention and problem-solving, emphasizing the need for collaboration and wandering in generating creative solutions.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1178.157, 'start': 986.857, 'title': 'Jeff bezos: from physics to space', 'summary': "Highlights jeff bezos' transition from aspiring theoretical physicist to founding amazon, emphasizing his realization of his limitations in theoretical physics and his appreciation for computer science, as well as showcasing a remarkable encounter with a brilliant colleague at princeton.", 'duration': 191.3, 'highlights': ["Jeff Bezos' transition from aspiring theoretical physicist to founding Amazon Bezos initially aspired to be a theoretical physicist before realizing his limitations and ultimately pursuing a career in computer science and founding Amazon.", 'Realization of limitations in theoretical physics Bezos recognized his limitations in theoretical physics during his time at Princeton, acknowledging that only a select few could significantly advance the field, leading him to shift his focus to computer science.', "Encounter with a brilliant colleague at Princeton Bezos recounts an encounter with a remarkably talented colleague, Josanta, at Princeton, highlighting Josanta's exceptional problem-solving abilities and his humble nature, leaving a lasting impression on Bezos."]}, {'end': 1552.379, 'start': 1178.157, 'title': 'Inventive thinking and problem solving', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of lateral thinking and intuition, the role of mathematics in theoretical physics, and the process of invention and problem-solving, emphasizing the need for wandering and group collaboration in generating creative solutions.', 'duration': 374.222, 'highlights': ['The importance of lateral thinking and intuition in problem-solving, emphasizing the need for world-class mathematical skills to be a successful theoretical physicist. Emphasizes the importance of lateral thinking, intuition, and world-class mathematical skills in problem-solving.', 'Emphasizes the role of wandering and permission to explore in the process of invention and lateral thinking, highlighting the contrast between efficiency and true invention. Highlights the contrast between efficiency and true invention, emphasizing the role of wandering and permission to explore in the process of invention and lateral thinking.', 'Discusses the pleasure of group invention and brainstorming, emphasizing the value of noticing good ideas and the importance of acknowledging that good ideas may not come fully formed. Emphasizes the pleasure of group invention and brainstorming, and the significance of noticing good ideas and acknowledging that they may not come fully formed.']}], 'duration': 565.522, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY986857.jpg', 'highlights': ['Jeff Bezos recognized his limitations in theoretical physics during his time at Princeton, leading him to shift his focus to computer science.', 'Emphasizes the importance of lateral thinking, intuition, and world-class mathematical skills in problem-solving.', 'Highlights the contrast between efficiency and true invention, emphasizing the role of wandering and permission to explore in the process of invention and lateral thinking.']}, {'end': 2812.659, 'segs': [{'end': 1634.42, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1604.626, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1610.93, 'text': "It's about half the thrust, a little more than half the thrust of the Saturn V rocket.", 'start': 1604.626, 'duration': 6.304}, {'end': 1614.292, 'text': "So it's about 3.9 million pounds of thrust on liftoff.", 'start': 1610.97, 'duration': 3.322}, {'end': 1618.915, 'text': 'The booster has seven BE-4 engines.', 'start': 1615.373, 'duration': 3.542}, {'end': 1622.418, 'text': 'Each engine generates a little more than 550, 000 pounds of thrust.', 'start': 1620.076, 'duration': 2.342}, {'end': 1634.42, 'text': 'The engines are fueled by liquid natural gas, liquefied natural gas, LNG, as the fuel, and LOX as the oxidizer.', 'start': 1625.475, 'duration': 8.945}], 'summary': 'The booster has 7 be-4 engines producing 3.9m pounds of thrust on liftoff.', 'duration': 29.794, 'max_score': 1604.626, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY1604626.jpg'}, {'end': 1694.534, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1664.002, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1668.106, 'text': 'So the BE3U has 160, 000 pounds of thrust, so two of those 320, 000 pounds of thrust.', 'start': 1664.002, 'duration': 4.104}, {'end': 1678.878, 'text': 'And hydrogen is a very good propellant for upper stages because it has very high ISP.', 'start': 1672.03, 'duration': 6.848}, {'end': 1686.727, 'text': "It's not a great propellant, in my view, for booster stages because the stages then get physically so large.", 'start': 1679.439, 'duration': 7.288}, {'end': 1694.534, 'text': 'has very high ISP, but liquid hydrogen is not dense at all.', 'start': 1688.129, 'duration': 6.405}], 'summary': "Be3u provides 160,000 pounds of thrust, two total 320,000 pounds. hydrogen offers high isp for upper stages but isn't dense for booster stages.", 'duration': 30.532, 'max_score': 1664.002, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY1664002.jpg'}, {'end': 2037.574, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2008.017, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2016.466, 'text': 'But a few things have changed, the use of Carbon composites is very different today.', 'start': 2008.017, 'duration': 8.449}, {'end': 2019.691, 'text': 'We can build very sophisticated.', 'start': 2016.486, 'duration': 3.205}, {'end': 2024.178, 'text': 'You saw our carbon tape laying machine that builds the giant fairings.', 'start': 2019.711, 'duration': 4.467}, {'end': 2037.574, 'text': 'And we can build these incredibly light, very stiff fairing structures out of carbon composite material that they could not have dreamed of.', 'start': 2025.039, 'duration': 12.535}], 'summary': 'Carbon composites enable building sophisticated, light and stiff fairing structures.', 'duration': 29.557, 'max_score': 2008.017, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY2008017.jpg'}, {'end': 2137.139, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2105.979, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2111.403, 'text': 'Relatively low temperature, and I guess high temperature is what makes them, that makes it a weak point.', 'start': 2105.979, 'duration': 5.424}, {'end': 2113.964, 'text': 'Exactly so.', 'start': 2111.663, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 2120.948, 'text': 'with traditional welding techniques you may have whatever the underlying strength characteristics of the material are.', 'start': 2113.964, 'duration': 6.984}, {'end': 2123.91, 'text': 'you end up with weak regions where you weld.', 'start': 2120.948, 'duration': 2.962}, {'end': 2128.953, 'text': 'And with friction stir welding, the welds are just as strong as the bulk material.', 'start': 2124.57, 'duration': 4.383}, {'end': 2137.139, 'text': "So it really allows you, because when you're, you know, let's say, you're building a tank that you're going to pressurize you know a large, you know,", 'start': 2129.793, 'duration': 7.346}], 'summary': 'Friction stir welding creates welds as strong as bulk material, avoiding weak regions from traditional techniques.', 'duration': 31.16, 'max_score': 2105.979, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY2105979.jpg'}, {'end': 2226.299, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2193.717, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2200.178, 'text': "And so it's a very robust way of separating structure when you need to.", 'start': 2193.717, 'duration': 6.461}, {'end': 2204.899, 'text': 'Exploding Yeah, little tiny bits of explosive material.', 'start': 2200.358, 'duration': 4.541}, {'end': 2209.341, 'text': "And it'll sever the whole connection.", 'start': 2205.92, 'duration': 3.421}, {'end': 2217.943, 'text': "So if you want to go from 100% structural integrity to zero as fast as possible, it's explosives.", 'start': 2209.941, 'duration': 8.002}, {'end': 2218.863, 'text': 'Use explosives.', 'start': 2218.083, 'duration': 0.78}, {'end': 2222.335, 'text': 'the entirety of this thing is so badass, okay.', 'start': 2220.053, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 2224.217, 'text': "so we're back to the two stages.", 'start': 2222.335, 'duration': 1.882}, {'end': 2226.299, 'text': 'so the first stage is reusable.', 'start': 2224.217, 'duration': 2.082}], 'summary': 'Explosives provide a robust way to sever connections and achieve fast structural integrity reduction, making them a viable option in certain scenarios.', 'duration': 32.582, 'max_score': 2193.717, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY2193717.jpg'}, {'end': 2419.726, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2388.487, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2400.034, 'text': "So what are some of the biggest challenges on the manufacturing side and the engineering side that you're facing in working to get to the first launch of New Glenn?", 'start': 2388.487, 'duration': 11.547}, {'end': 2406.318, 'text': "The first launch is one thing, and we'll do that in 2024, coming up in this coming year.", 'start': 2401.315, 'duration': 5.003}, {'end': 2417.404, 'text': "The real thing that's the bigger challenge is making sure that our factory is efficiently built manufacturing at rate.", 'start': 2407.098, 'duration': 10.306}, {'end': 2419.726, 'text': 'So rate production.', 'start': 2418.265, 'duration': 1.461}], 'summary': "Biggest challenge is efficiently building manufacturing at rate for new glenn's first launch in 2024.", 'duration': 31.239, 'max_score': 2388.487, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY2388487.jpg'}, {'end': 2749.66, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2723.77, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 2728.592, 'text': "that could be successful and do amazing things because they didn't have to build heavy infrastructure.", 'start': 2723.77, 'duration': 4.822}, {'end': 2729.432, 'text': 'It was already there.', 'start': 2728.612, 'duration': 0.82}, {'end': 2733.113, 'text': "And that's what I want to do.", 'start': 2730.552, 'duration': 2.561}, {'end': 2743.356, 'text': "I'd take my Amazon winnings and use that to build heavy infrastructure so that the next generation, the generation,", 'start': 2733.353, 'duration': 10.003}, {'end': 2749.66, 'text': "that's my children and their children, those generations can then use that heavy infrastructure.", 'start': 2743.356, 'duration': 6.304}], 'summary': 'Leverage amazon winnings to build heavy infrastructure for future generations.', 'duration': 25.89, 'max_score': 2723.77, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY2723770.jpg'}], 'start': 1552.919, 'title': 'Innovations in rocket technology', 'summary': "Provides an overview of the new glenn rocket and its technical aspects, discusses innovations in rocket materials, highlights spacex's innovative approach to space travel, addresses challenges in new glenn manufacturing, and emphasizes the importance of building infrastructure for space entrepreneurship.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1935.194, 'start': 1552.919, 'title': 'New glenn rocket technical aspects', 'summary': 'Provides an overview of the new glenn rocket, detailing its specifications such as its thrust, fuel, and oxidizer, as well as the technical and cost-related advantages of large rockets over small rockets.', 'duration': 382.275, 'highlights': ['New Glenn will have about 3.9 million pounds of thrust on liftoff, with the booster having seven BE-4 engines, each generating a little more than 550,000 pounds of thrust. The New Glenn rocket will feature significant thrust capabilities, with the booster equipped with powerful BE-4 engines.', "The second stage of New Glenn is powered by two BE3U engines, with a total thrust of 320,000 pounds, utilizing liquid hydrogen as a propellant for its high specific impulse (ISP), which is suitable for upper stages. The second stage of New Glenn utilizes liquid hydrogen for its high ISP, providing benefits for the upper stage's propellant efficiency.", 'The chapter discusses the technical advantages of large rockets, including the efficiency of turbo pumps and the negligible impact of parasitic mass on large rockets compared to small rockets. The transcript highlights the technical benefits of large rockets, such as the efficiency of turbo pumps and the minimal impact of parasitic mass on their performance.', 'The challenges and costs associated with manufacturing large rocket structures and infrastructure are also outlined, emphasizing the complexity and undertaking involved in their construction. The chapter emphasizes the challenges and costs related to manufacturing large rocket structures and infrastructure, highlighting the complexity and significant undertaking involved in their construction.']}, {'end': 2167.608, 'start': 1935.394, 'title': 'Materials and innovations in rocketry', 'summary': 'Discusses the extraordinary innovations in rocket materials, including carbon composites and friction stir welding, which have revolutionized structural efficiency and strength, while reducing weight.', 'duration': 232.214, 'highlights': ['The use of Carbon composites is very different today, allowing the construction of incredibly light, very stiff fairing structures out of carbon composite material that 1960s engineers could not have dreamed of. The use of carbon composites has revolutionized rocket construction, enabling the creation of lighter and stiffer fairing structures, leading to significant improvements in structural efficiency and weight reduction.', 'Friction stir welding technology has revolutionized welding by stirring the molecules of two pieces of metal together at a relatively low temperature, resulting in welds as strong as the bulk material, thus reducing weak regions in the welded area. The introduction of friction stir welding has transformed the welding process by creating welds as strong as the bulk material, reducing weak regions and allowing for weight reduction in rocket construction.', 'The chapter discusses the extraordinary innovations in rocket materials. The chapter highlights the extraordinary innovations in rocket materials, showcasing the advancements in material technology that have revolutionized rocket construction and design.']}, {'end': 2387.2, 'start': 2168.568, 'title': "Spacex's innovative approach to space travel", 'summary': "Highlights spacex's innovative approach to space travel, focusing on the use of explosives for structural separation, the reusability of the first stage, and the mission to lower the cost of access to orbit to enable a renaissance of space exploration.", 'duration': 218.632, 'highlights': ["SpaceX's use of explosives for structural separation SpaceX utilizes explosive charges for robust separation of structure, transitioning from 100% to 0% integrity, allowing fast disconnection.", 'Emphasis on reusability of the first stage The first stage is designed to be reusable, landing downrange on a platform in the ocean for maintenance and preparation for subsequent missions.', 'Mission to lower the cost of access to orbit SpaceX aims to lower the cost of access to orbit to enable a renaissance of space exploration and the pursuit of various endeavors in space.']}, {'end': 2568.045, 'start': 2388.487, 'title': 'Challenges in new glenn manufacturing', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges in achieving rate manufacturing for the new glenn launch, aiming for 24 launches per year in 2024, and the critical need for efficient production of upper stages and be-3u engines.', 'duration': 179.558, 'highlights': ['Efficient manufacturing for 24 launches per year by 2024 The challenge includes aiming for 24 launches per year in 2024, requiring efficient manufacturing of upper stages and BE-3U engines.', 'Critical need for efficient production of upper stages and engines Efficient production of upper stages and BE-3U engines is critical, with the need to manufacture an upper stage every two weeks and an engine every week for 24 launches per year.', 'Importance of rate manufacturing for New Glenn Rate manufacturing for New Glenn is highlighted as a major challenge, being at least as difficult as designing the vehicle itself, with a strong emphasis on efficient production.']}, {'end': 2812.659, 'start': 2568.125, 'title': 'Building infrastructure for space entrepreneurship', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges and rewards of space entrepreneurship, emphasizing the importance of building heavy infrastructure to unleash ingenuity and imagination for future space entrepreneurs.', 'duration': 244.534, 'highlights': ['Jeff Bezos emphasizes the challenges of space entrepreneurship and the meaningful rewards it offers, contrasting it with easier businesses like salty snack food companies.', 'Bezos highlights the significance of building heavy infrastructure for space entrepreneurship, drawing parallels with the existing infrastructure for businesses like Amazon and the internet.', 'Bezos envisions building heavy infrastructure for space entrepreneurship to unleash the ingenuity and imagination of future generations, aiming for space companies to start in dorm rooms as a marker of success.']}], 'duration': 1259.74, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY1552919.jpg', 'highlights': ['New Glenn will have about 3.9 million pounds of thrust on liftoff, with the booster having seven BE-4 engines, each generating a little more than 550,000 pounds of thrust.', 'The second stage of New Glenn is powered by two BE3U engines, with a total thrust of 320,000 pounds, utilizing liquid hydrogen as a propellant for its high specific impulse (ISP), which is suitable for upper stages.', 'The use of carbon composites has revolutionized rocket construction, enabling the creation of lighter and stiffer fairing structures, leading to significant improvements in structural efficiency and weight reduction.', 'Friction stir welding technology has revolutionized the welding process by creating welds as strong as the bulk material, reducing weak regions and allowing for weight reduction in rocket construction.', "SpaceX's use of explosives for structural separation and emphasis on reusability of the first stage.", 'Efficient manufacturing for 24 launches per year by 2024 is a critical need, with a strong emphasis on efficient production.', 'Jeff Bezos emphasizes the challenges of space entrepreneurship and the meaningful rewards it offers, highlighting the significance of building heavy infrastructure for space entrepreneurship.']}, {'end': 4137.77, 'segs': [{'end': 2868.57, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2839.47, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2842.912, 'text': 'i think that the first launch for sure, and i hope escapade too.', 'start': 2839.47, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 2843.492, 'text': 'i hope.', 'start': 2842.912, 'duration': 0.58}, {'end': 2847.933, 'text': "Well, I just don't know which mission it's actually going to be slated on.", 'start': 2844.67, 'duration': 3.263}, {'end': 2851.275, 'text': 'So we also have other things that might go on that first mission.', 'start': 2848.533, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 2852.156, 'text': 'Oh, I got it.', 'start': 2851.676, 'duration': 0.48}, {'end': 2856.179, 'text': "But you're optimistic that the launches will still? Oh, the first launch.", 'start': 2852.316, 'duration': 3.863}, {'end': 2859.642, 'text': "I'm very optimistic that the first launch of New Glenn will be in 2024.", 'start': 2856.219, 'duration': 3.423}, {'end': 2864.546, 'text': "And I'm just not 100% certain what payload will be on that first launch.", 'start': 2859.642, 'duration': 4.904}, {'end': 2868.57, 'text': "Are you nervous about it? Are you kidding? I'm extremely nervous about it.", 'start': 2864.566, 'duration': 4.004}], 'summary': 'The first launch of new glenn is optimistic for 2024, with uncertainty about the payload. nervousness is evident.', 'duration': 29.1, 'max_score': 2839.47, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY2839470.jpg'}, {'end': 3124.396, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3096.314, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3098.396, 'text': 'It feels so natural to be in zero G.', 'start': 3096.314, 'duration': 2.082}, {'end': 3099.116, 'text': 'It was really interesting.', 'start': 3098.396, 'duration': 0.72}, {'end': 3106.082, 'text': 'And then when people talk about the overview effect and seeing Earth from space, I had that feeling very powerfully.', 'start': 3099.136, 'duration': 6.946}, {'end': 3107.683, 'text': 'I think everyone did.', 'start': 3106.102, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 3111.105, 'text': 'You see how fragile the Earth is.', 'start': 3109.284, 'duration': 1.821}, {'end': 3113.767, 'text': "If you're not an environmentalist, it will make you one.", 'start': 3111.125, 'duration': 2.642}, {'end': 3117.15, 'text': 'The great Jim Lovell quote.', 'start': 3115.409, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 3117.33, 'text': 'you know.', 'start': 3117.15, 'duration': 0.18}, {'end': 3124.396, 'text': "he looked back at the earth from space and he said he realized you don't go to heaven when you die, you go to heaven when you're born.", 'start': 3117.33, 'duration': 7.066}], 'summary': "Experiencing zero g evoked the overview effect, making everyone realize earth's fragility and prompting environmental awareness.", 'duration': 28.082, 'max_score': 3096.314, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY3096314.jpg'}, {'end': 3286.016, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3250.135, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3257.761, 'text': 'The power density is so enormous that it is impossible to ever be sure that nothing will go wrong.', 'start': 3250.135, 'duration': 7.626}, {'end': 3264.34, 'text': 'And so the only way to improve safety is to have an escape system.', 'start': 3258.942, 'duration': 5.398}, {'end': 3269.446, 'text': 'And historically, human-rated rockets have had escape systems.', 'start': 3264.64, 'duration': 4.806}, {'end': 3273.151, 'text': 'Only the space shuttle did not.', 'start': 3269.546, 'duration': 3.605}, {'end': 3276.075, 'text': 'But Apollo had one.', 'start': 3273.732, 'duration': 2.343}, {'end': 3280.821, 'text': 'All of the previous, Gemini, et cetera, they all had escape systems.', 'start': 3277.196, 'duration': 3.625}, {'end': 3286.016, 'text': 'And we have on New Shepard unusual escapes.', 'start': 3282.114, 'duration': 3.902}], 'summary': 'Human-rated rockets historically had escape systems, new shepard has unusual escapes.', 'duration': 35.881, 'max_score': 3250.135, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY3250135.jpg'}, {'end': 3342.535, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3309.327, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3312.229, 'text': 'And so, again, cost really matters on these things.', 'start': 3309.327, 'duration': 2.902}, {'end': 3316.291, 'text': 'So we figured out how to have the escape system be reusable.', 'start': 3312.269, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 3321.153, 'text': "In the event that it's not used, you can reuse it and have it be a pusher system.", 'start': 3316.691, 'duration': 4.462}, {'end': 3322.494, 'text': "It's a very sophisticated thing.", 'start': 3321.213, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 3323.914, 'text': 'So I knew these things.', 'start': 3322.974, 'duration': 0.94}, {'end': 3325.495, 'text': 'You asked me about my decision to go.', 'start': 3323.934, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 3328.557, 'text': 'And so I know the vehicle very well.', 'start': 3326.876, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 3330.938, 'text': 'I know the people who designed it.', 'start': 3328.617, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 3334.98, 'text': 'I have great trust in them and in the engineering that we did.', 'start': 3331.418, 'duration': 3.562}, {'end': 3342.535, 'text': "And I thought to myself, look, if I am not ready to go, then I wouldn't want anyone to go.", 'start': 3336.338, 'duration': 6.197}], 'summary': 'Escape system is reusable, built with great trust in engineering.', 'duration': 33.208, 'max_score': 3309.327, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY3309327.jpg'}, {'end': 3444.731, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3412.562, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3419.25, 'text': "If you're saving somebody's life, if you are, engaging in real exploration.", 'start': 3412.562, 'duration': 6.688}, {'end': 3428.457, 'text': 'These are things where I personally think we would accept more risk, in part because you have to.', 'start': 3420.251, 'duration': 8.206}, {'end': 3435.363, 'text': "Is there a part of you that's frustrated by the rate of progress in Blue Origin?", 'start': 3429.678, 'duration': 5.685}, {'end': 3444.731, 'text': "Blue Origin needs to be much faster, and it's one of the reasons that I left my role as the CEO of Amazon a couple of years ago.", 'start': 3436.044, 'duration': 8.687}], 'summary': "Blue origin needs to be much faster, leading to ceo's departure from amazon.", 'duration': 32.169, 'max_score': 3412.562, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY3412562.jpg'}, {'end': 3526.373, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3498.599, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 3510.421, 'text': "You've talked a lot of different ways to sort of, at Amazon, you know, removing barriers for progress, sort of distributing,", 'start': 3498.599, 'duration': 11.822}, {'end': 3514.222, 'text': 'making everybody autonomous and self-reliant, all those kinds of things.', 'start': 3510.421, 'duration': 3.801}, {'end': 3518.163, 'text': 'Does that apply at Blue Origin? It does apply.', 'start': 3514.242, 'duration': 3.921}, {'end': 3520.723, 'text': "I'm leading this directly.", 'start': 3518.183, 'duration': 2.54}, {'end': 3524.244, 'text': "We are going to become the world's most decisive company.", 'start': 3521.623, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 3526.373, 'text': 'across any industry.', 'start': 3525.191, 'duration': 1.182}], 'summary': "Blue origin aims to become the world's most decisive company across industries.", 'duration': 27.774, 'max_score': 3498.599, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY3498599.jpg'}, {'end': 3719.296, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3693.274, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 3700.34, 'text': 'Two-way door decisions should mostly be made by single individuals or by very small teams deep in the organization.', 'start': 3693.274, 'duration': 7.066}, {'end': 3705.264, 'text': 'And one-way door decisions, the irreversible ones.', 'start': 3701.301, 'duration': 3.963}, {'end': 3710.869, 'text': 'those are the ones that should be elevated up to the senior-most executives,', 'start': 3705.264, 'duration': 5.605}, {'end': 3714.112, 'text': 'who should slow them down and make sure that the right thing is being done.', 'start': 3710.869, 'duration': 3.243}, {'end': 3719.296, 'text': 'Part of the skill here is to know the difference between one way and two way.', 'start': 3715.894, 'duration': 3.402}], 'summary': 'One-way door decisions should be elevated to senior executives to ensure the right thing is done.', 'duration': 26.022, 'max_score': 3693.274, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY3693274.jpg'}, {'end': 3840.968, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3814.291, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 3818.313, 'text': 'Yeah, disagree and commit is a really important principle that saves a lot of arguing.', 'start': 3814.291, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 3821.235, 'text': "Yeah I'm going to use that in my personal life.", 'start': 3818.533, 'duration': 2.702}, {'end': 3823.897, 'text': 'I disagree, but commit.', 'start': 3821.655, 'duration': 2.242}, {'end': 3830.681, 'text': "It's very common in any endeavor in life, in business, in anybody where you have teammates.", 'start': 3824.237, 'duration': 6.444}, {'end': 3833.603, 'text': 'You have a teammate, and the two of you disagree.', 'start': 3831.382, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 3836.685, 'text': 'At some point, you have to make a decision.', 'start': 3834.844, 'duration': 1.841}, {'end': 3840.968, 'text': 'And in companies, we tend to organize hierarchically.', 'start': 3837.726, 'duration': 3.242}], 'summary': 'Disagree and commit principle saves time and is applicable in any team or business decision-making process.', 'duration': 26.677, 'max_score': 3814.291, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY3814291.jpg'}, {'end': 4137.77, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4112.448, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 4118.371, 'text': 'Most of what slows things down is taking too long to make decisions at all skill levels.', 'start': 4112.448, 'duration': 5.923}, {'end': 4122.694, 'text': 'So it has to be part of the culture to get high velocity.', 'start': 4119.112, 'duration': 3.582}, {'end': 4127.076, 'text': 'Amazon has a million and a half people and the company is still fast.', 'start': 4123.274, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 4129.14, 'text': "We're still decisive.", 'start': 4128.037, 'duration': 1.103}, {'end': 4129.881, 'text': "We're still quick.", 'start': 4129.18, 'duration': 0.701}, {'end': 4132.504, 'text': "And that's because the culture supports that.", 'start': 4130.52, 'duration': 1.984}, {'end': 4137.77, 'text': 'At every scale and in a distributed way, trying to maximize the velocity of decisions.', 'start': 4133.305, 'duration': 4.465}], 'summary': 'Amazon maintains high decision velocity with 1.5m employees, due to cultural support.', 'duration': 25.322, 'max_score': 4112.448, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4112448.jpg'}], 'start': 2812.719, 'title': 'Decision-making at blue origin', 'summary': 'Discusses new glenn launch and space flight experience, new shepard escape system, decisive decision-making at blue origin, disagree and commit principle, and effective dispute resolution in teams, providing insights into space exploration and organizational decision-making processes.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3138.159, 'start': 2812.719, 'title': 'New glenn launch and space flight experience', 'summary': 'Discusses the possibility of the first test launch and the launch of escapade explorers to mars in 2024, the nervousness surrounding the first launch, and the emotional experience of being in space, including the overview effect and the fragility of earth.', 'duration': 325.44, 'highlights': ['The first launch of New Glenn and the launch of escapade explorers to Mars are still possible in 2024. Elon Musk expresses optimism about the possibility of the first launch of New Glenn in 2024, and hopes for the launch of escapade explorers to Mars as well.', 'Elon Musk is extremely nervous about the first launch, which is a natural reaction despite extensive ground testing and simulation. Elon Musk admits to feeling extreme nervousness about the first launch of New Glenn, emphasizing that it would be abnormal not to feel nervous in such a situation.', 'The emotional experience of being in space and witnessing the fragility of Earth, leading to a profound perspective shift known as the overview effect, is discussed. The emotional impact of being in space, experiencing zero gravity, and witnessing Earth from space is highlighted, leading to a profound perspective shift known as the overview effect and a heightened environmental consciousness.']}, {'end': 3495.897, 'start': 3138.819, 'title': 'New shepard escape system', 'summary': "Discusses jeff bezos' decision to ride new shepard, focusing on the safety features of the vehicle, particularly the escape system, and his commitment to prioritizing safety in space tourism and exploration.", 'duration': 357.078, 'highlights': ['The escape system of New Shepard includes a solid rocket motor in the base of the crew capsule, designed to ignite and allow for a safe escape in case of any issues during ascent. The solid rocket motor in the escape system provides a reliable and safe means of escape in case of emergencies, enhancing the overall safety of the New Shepard vehicle.', "The escape system of New Shepard is a pusher system, which is reusable in the event of a nominal mission, unlike traditional tower systems that get wasted even in a nominal mission. The pusher system's reusability minimizes waste and contributes to cost efficiency, showcasing Blue Origin's focus on practical and sustainable engineering solutions.", 'Jeff Bezos emphasizes the importance of prioritizing safety in space tourism, acknowledging that while risks cannot be eliminated, efforts must be made to mitigate them as much as possible. Bezos advocates for a strong commitment to safety in space tourism, recognizing the inevitability of risks while emphasizing the need for continuous efforts to minimize them for the well-being of passengers.', "Bezos expresses his dedication to accelerating the progress of Blue Origin, highlighting his decision to focus on the company after stepping down as CEO of Amazon to infuse urgency and drive faster advancements. Bezos' decision to prioritize Blue Origin's progress reflects his commitment to propelling the company forward and infusing a sense of urgency to achieve faster advancements in space technology and exploration."]}, {'end': 3764.975, 'start': 3498.599, 'title': 'Decisive decision-making at blue origin', 'summary': "Highlights jeff bezos's approach to making blue origin the world's most decisive company by emphasizing quick, bold decisions, distinguishing between one-way and two-way door decisions, and elevating irreversible decisions to senior executives.", 'duration': 266.376, 'highlights': ["Jeff Bezos aims to make Blue Origin the world's most decisive company, similar to Amazon's goal of becoming the most customer-obsessed company, across any industry.", 'Bezos stresses the importance of distinguishing between one-way and two-way door decisions, with irreversible decisions requiring deliberate and careful consideration, and lightweight decisions being made by single individuals or small teams in the organization.', 'The decision to create Amazon Prime is considered a one-way door decision, signifying the complexity and risk involved in such irreversible choices.', 'Technical decisions, such as selecting propellants for a vehicle, are compared to quick drying cement, emphasizing the difficulty and consequences of changing such decisions.']}, {'end': 3914.686, 'start': 3768.615, 'title': 'Disagree and commit principle', 'summary': "Emphasizes the importance of the 'disagree and commit' principle in decision-making, highlighting the value of swift individual decisions and the hierarchical organizational structure in companies, with the ultimate goal of reducing arguments and ensuring commitment to decisions.", 'duration': 146.071, 'highlights': ["The 'disagree and commit' principle saves a lot of arguing and is important in any endeavor, promoting swift decision-making and reducing conflicts.", 'In companies, decisions are often made hierarchically, with the more senior person ultimately making the decision, even if they disagree.', "The speaker exemplifies the 'disagree and commit' principle through a personal anecdote, demonstrating the value of trusting a colleague's judgment despite personal disagreement."]}, {'end': 4137.77, 'start': 3914.686, 'title': 'Effective dispute resolution in teams', 'summary': 'Emphasizes the importance of effective dispute resolution in teams, highlighting the drawbacks of compromise and war of attrition as resolution mechanisms, and advocates for truth-seeking and decisive, escalated resolutions to increase velocity.', 'duration': 223.084, 'highlights': ['Compromise and war of attrition are highlighted as ineffective resolution mechanisms, as they do not lead to truth and can be demoralizing.', 'Escalating to a higher authority for decisive resolution is advocated to increase velocity and move forward quickly on decisions.', 'The importance of truth-seeking and decisive, escalated resolutions is emphasized to increase velocity and maintain a fast-paced, decisive culture within companies.']}], 'duration': 1325.051, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY2812719.jpg', 'highlights': ['Elon Musk expresses optimism about the first launch of New Glenn in 2024 and hopes for the launch of escapade explorers to Mars as well.', 'The emotional impact of being in space, experiencing zero gravity, and witnessing Earth from space is highlighted, leading to a profound perspective shift known as the overview effect and a heightened environmental consciousness.', 'The solid rocket motor in the escape system provides a reliable and safe means of escape in case of emergencies, enhancing the overall safety of the New Shepard vehicle.', "The pusher system's reusability minimizes waste and contributes to cost efficiency, showcasing Blue Origin's focus on practical and sustainable engineering solutions.", 'Bezos advocates for a strong commitment to safety in space tourism, recognizing the inevitability of risks while emphasizing the need for continuous efforts to minimize them for the well-being of passengers.', "Bezos' decision to prioritize Blue Origin's progress reflects his commitment to propelling the company forward and infusing a sense of urgency to achieve faster advancements in space technology and exploration.", 'Bezos stresses the importance of distinguishing between one-way and two-way door decisions, with irreversible decisions requiring deliberate and careful consideration, and lightweight decisions being made by single individuals or small teams in the organization.', "The 'disagree and commit' principle saves a lot of arguing and is important in any endeavor, promoting swift decision-making and reducing conflicts.", 'The importance of truth-seeking and decisive, escalated resolutions is emphasized to increase velocity and maintain a fast-paced, decisive culture within companies.']}, {'end': 5049.546, 'segs': [{'end': 4219.933, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4190.368, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4193.488, 'text': "It's an expendable lander, lands on the moon, stays there.", 'start': 4190.368, 'duration': 3.12}, {'end': 4195.831, 'text': 'take 3, 000 kilograms to the surface.', 'start': 4194.089, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 4201.176, 'text': 'It can be launched on a single New Glenn flight, which is very important.', 'start': 4196.151, 'duration': 5.025}, {'end': 4208.422, 'text': "So it's a relatively simple architecture, just like the human landing system lander called the Mark II.", 'start': 4201.216, 'duration': 7.206}, {'end': 4219.933, 'text': 'Mark I is also fueled with liquid hydrogen, which is for high energy missions like landing on the surface of the moon.', 'start': 4209.103, 'duration': 10.83}], 'summary': "The expendable lander, mark ii, can take 3,000 kilograms to the moon's surface and is fueled with liquid hydrogen for high energy missions.", 'duration': 29.565, 'max_score': 4190.368, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4190368.jpg'}, {'end': 4290.948, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4239.258, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4251.705, 'text': "And so what we're doing as part of our lunar program is developing solar-powered cryocoolers that can actually make hydrogen a storable propellant for deep space.", 'start': 4239.258, 'duration': 12.447}, {'end': 4253.565, 'text': "And that's a real game-changer.", 'start': 4252.265, 'duration': 1.3}, {'end': 4259.707, 'text': "It's a game-changer for any high-energy mission, so to the Moon, but to the outer planets, to Mars, everywhere.", 'start': 4254.005, 'duration': 5.702}, {'end': 4270.471, 'text': 'So the idea with Mark I, both Mark I and Mark II, is the New Glenn can carry it from the surface of Earth to the surface of.', 'start': 4260.448, 'duration': 10.023}, {'end': 4275.958, 'text': 'Exactly The Mark 1 is expendable.', 'start': 4272.736, 'duration': 3.222}, {'end': 4284.064, 'text': "The lunar lander we're developing for NASA, the Mark 2 lander, that's part of the Artemis program.", 'start': 4276.539, 'duration': 7.525}, {'end': 4287.045, 'text': 'They call it the sustaining lander program.', 'start': 4284.084, 'duration': 2.961}, {'end': 4290.948, 'text': 'That lander is designed to be reusable.', 'start': 4287.766, 'duration': 3.182}], 'summary': 'Developing solar-powered cryocoolers to make hydrogen storable, a game-changer for deep space missions and the lunar program.', 'duration': 51.69, 'max_score': 4239.258, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4239258.jpg'}, {'end': 4392.409, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4360.856, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4370.818, 'text': 'What ideas do you have about a sustaining life where a few folks can stay there for prolonged periods of time?', 'start': 4360.856, 'duration': 9.962}, {'end': 4386.182, 'text': "Well, one of the things we're working on is using lunar resources like lunar regolith to manufacture commodities and even solar cells on the surface of the moon.", 'start': 4371.806, 'duration': 14.376}, {'end': 4392.409, 'text': "We've already built a solar cell that is completely made from lunar regolith stimulant.", 'start': 4386.926, 'duration': 5.483}], 'summary': 'Plan to use lunar regolith to manufacture commodities and solar cells for sustaining life on the moon.', 'duration': 31.553, 'max_score': 4360.856, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4360856.jpg'}, {'end': 4534.6, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4507.707, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4515.349, 'text': 'is we need to be able to land cargo and humans on the surface of the moon at an acceptable cost.', 'start': 4507.707, 'duration': 7.642}, {'end': 4529.557, 'text': "To fast forward a little bit, is there any chance Jeff Bezos steps foot on the moon and on Mars? One or the other or both? It's very unlikely.", 'start': 4516.51, 'duration': 13.047}, {'end': 4534.6, 'text': "I think it's probably something that gets done by future generations by the time it gets to me.", 'start': 4529.577, 'duration': 5.023}], 'summary': 'Goal: land cargo and humans on moon at acceptable cost. unlikely for jeff bezos to step foot on moon or mars.', 'duration': 26.893, 'max_score': 4507.707, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4507707.jpg'}, {'end': 4599.02, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4562.377, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 4564.599, 'text': 'And probably missions that require a lot of training.', 'start': 4562.377, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 4568.982, 'text': 'You know, you are going there for a very specific purpose to do something.', 'start': 4565.219, 'duration': 3.763}, {'end': 4572.444, 'text': "We're going to be able to do a lot on the moon too with automation.", 'start': 4569.582, 'duration': 2.862}, {'end': 4576.126, 'text': 'So you know, in terms of setting up these factories and doing all that,', 'start': 4573.164, 'duration': 2.962}, {'end': 4583.347, 'text': "We're sophisticated enough now with automation that we probably don't need humans to tend those factories and machines.", 'start': 4577.061, 'duration': 6.286}, {'end': 4587.831, 'text': "So there's a lot that's going to be done in both modes.", 'start': 4584.848, 'duration': 2.983}, {'end': 4599.02, 'text': 'So I have to ask the bigger picture question about the two companies pushing humanity forward out towards the stars, Blue Origin and SpaceX.', 'start': 4588.771, 'duration': 10.249}], 'summary': 'Automation enables moon activities without human intervention.', 'duration': 36.643, 'max_score': 4562.377, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4562377.jpg'}, {'end': 4656.653, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4629.11, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 4633.373, 'text': "There's room for a bunch of winners and it's going to happen at all skill levels.", 'start': 4629.11, 'duration': 4.263}, {'end': 4637.087, 'text': 'And so, you know, SpaceX is going to be successful for sure.', 'start': 4633.513, 'duration': 3.574}, {'end': 4639.71, 'text': 'I want Blue Origin to be successful.', 'start': 4637.107, 'duration': 2.603}, {'end': 4643.994, 'text': 'And I hope there are another, you know, five companies right behind us.', 'start': 4640.21, 'duration': 3.784}, {'end': 4650.768, 'text': 'But you know, I spoke to Elon a few times recently about you, about Blue Origin,', 'start': 4645.322, 'duration': 5.446}, {'end': 4656.653, 'text': "and he was very positive about you as a person and very supportive of all the efforts you've been leading at Blue.", 'start': 4650.768, 'duration': 5.885}], 'summary': 'Spacex and blue origin are poised for success with potential for multiple winners in the space industry.', 'duration': 27.543, 'max_score': 4629.11, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4629110.jpg'}, {'end': 4712.423, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4677.975, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 4678.876, 'text': "It's impossible.", 'start': 4677.975, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 4681.9, 'text': "I mean, you may think you do, but I guarantee you don't.", 'start': 4679.117, 'duration': 2.783}, {'end': 4682.801, 'text': "So I don't really know.", 'start': 4682.1, 'duration': 0.701}, {'end': 4684.582, 'text': 'You know Elon way better than I do, Lex.', 'start': 4682.841, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 4692.491, 'text': 'In terms of his judging by the results, he must be a very capable leader.', 'start': 4687.087, 'duration': 5.404}, {'end': 4699.815, 'text': "There's no way you could have Tesla and SpaceX without being a capable leader.", 'start': 4693.671, 'duration': 6.144}, {'end': 4700.616, 'text': "It's impossible.", 'start': 4699.875, 'duration': 0.741}, {'end': 4712.423, 'text': 'Yeah, I hope you guys hang out, sometimes shake hands and sort of have a kind of friendship that would inspire just the entirety of humanity,', 'start': 4700.636, 'duration': 11.787}], 'summary': 'Elon musk is a capable leader, evident in the success of tesla and spacex.', 'duration': 34.448, 'max_score': 4677.975, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4677975.jpg'}, {'end': 4814.713, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 4736.072, 'weight': 0.804, 'content': [{'end': 4738.875, 'text': 'All right, going back to sexy pictures on your Instagram.', 'start': 4736.072, 'duration': 2.803}, {'end': 4746.324, 'text': "There's a video of you from the early days of Amazon giving a tour of your, quote, sort of offices.", 'start': 4739.176, 'duration': 7.148}, {'end': 4747.906, 'text': 'I think your dad is holding the camera.', 'start': 4746.504, 'duration': 1.402}, {'end': 4748.186, 'text': 'He is.', 'start': 4747.926, 'duration': 0.26}, {'end': 4748.927, 'text': 'Yeah, I know.', 'start': 4748.286, 'duration': 0.641}, {'end': 4752.451, 'text': 'Yes This is what the giant orange extension cord.', 'start': 4748.967, 'duration': 3.484}, {'end': 4755.935, 'text': "Yeah And you're like explaining the genius of the extension cord.", 'start': 4752.491, 'duration': 3.444}, {'end': 4763.186, 'text': "Yeah And how this is a desk and the CRT monitor and sort of that's where all the magic happens.", 'start': 4755.975, 'duration': 7.211}, {'end': 4766.651, 'text': 'I forget what your dad said, but this is like the center of it all.', 'start': 4763.206, 'duration': 3.445}, {'end': 4771.478, 'text': 'So what was it like? What was going through your mind at that time? You left.', 'start': 4767.272, 'duration': 4.206}, {'end': 4776.303, 'text': 'a good job in new york and took this leap.', 'start': 4772.179, 'duration': 4.124}, {'end': 4777.043, 'text': 'were you excited?', 'start': 4776.303, 'duration': 0.74}, {'end': 4777.784, 'text': 'were you scared?', 'start': 4777.043, 'duration': 0.741}, {'end': 4783.969, 'text': 'so excited and scared anxious, you know, thought the odds of success were low.', 'start': 4777.784, 'duration': 6.185}, {'end': 4790.835, 'text': 'uh, told all of our early investors that i thought there was a 30 chance of success, by which i just been getting your money back.', 'start': 4783.969, 'duration': 6.866}, {'end': 4795.359, 'text': "not like not what actually happened, because that's the truth.", 'start': 4790.835, 'duration': 4.524}, {'end': 4797.481, 'text': 'every startup company is unlikely to work.', 'start': 4795.359, 'duration': 2.122}, {'end': 4802.103, 'text': "it's helpful to be in reality about that.", 'start': 4798.32, 'duration': 3.783}, {'end': 4805.125, 'text': "um, but that doesn't mean you can't be optimistic.", 'start': 4802.103, 'duration': 3.022}, {'end': 4808.348, 'text': 'so you kind of have to have this duality in your head, like you.', 'start': 4805.125, 'duration': 3.223}, {'end': 4814.713, 'text': "on the one hand you're you know what the baseline statistics say about startup companies, and the other hand,", 'start': 4808.348, 'duration': 6.365}], 'summary': 'Elon musk felt excited and scared, acknowledging a 30% chance of success when he left his job in new york to start a company.', 'duration': 78.641, 'max_score': 4736.072, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4736072.jpg'}, {'end': 4802.103, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4777.784, 'weight': 9, 'content': [{'end': 4783.969, 'text': 'so excited and scared anxious, you know, thought the odds of success were low.', 'start': 4777.784, 'duration': 6.185}, {'end': 4790.835, 'text': 'uh, told all of our early investors that i thought there was a 30 chance of success, by which i just been getting your money back.', 'start': 4783.969, 'duration': 6.866}, {'end': 4795.359, 'text': "not like not what actually happened, because that's the truth.", 'start': 4790.835, 'duration': 4.524}, {'end': 4797.481, 'text': 'every startup company is unlikely to work.', 'start': 4795.359, 'duration': 2.122}, {'end': 4802.103, 'text': "it's helpful to be in reality about that.", 'start': 4798.32, 'duration': 3.783}], 'summary': 'Startup success odds were low at 30%, being realistic is helpful.', 'duration': 24.319, 'max_score': 4777.784, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4777784.jpg'}, {'end': 4978.554, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4944.017, 'weight': 10, 'content': [{'end': 4949.484, 'text': 'And so day one thinking is kind of we start fresh every day.', 'start': 4944.017, 'duration': 5.467}, {'end': 4961.37, 'text': "And we get to make new decisions every day about invention, about customers, about how we're going to operate,", 'start': 4950.505, 'duration': 10.865}, {'end': 4964.351, 'text': 'even as deeply as what our principles are.', 'start': 4961.37, 'duration': 2.981}, {'end': 4965.452, 'text': 'We can go back to that.', 'start': 4964.531, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 4968.513, 'text': "It turns out we don't change those very often, but we change them occasionally.", 'start': 4965.472, 'duration': 3.041}, {'end': 4978.554, 'text': 'And when we work on programs at Amazon, we often make a list of tenets.', 'start': 4968.533, 'duration': 10.021}], 'summary': 'At amazon, they make new decisions every day and occasionally change their principles and tenets.', 'duration': 34.537, 'max_score': 4944.017, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4944017.jpg'}], 'start': 4138.212, 'title': "Blue origin's lunar program and future space exploration", 'summary': "Discusses blue origin's mark 1 and mark 2 lander programs, focusing on their capabilities for moon cargo transport and sustainable resource development, as well as the future of space exploration, including moon and mars missions, automation, and competition between blue origin and spacex.", 'chapters': [{'end': 4507.707, 'start': 4138.212, 'title': "Blue origin's lunar program", 'summary': "Discusses blue origin's mark 1 and mark 2 lander programs, focusing on their capabilities to carry cargo to the moon, the use of liquid hydrogen as a high-energy propellant, and the development of sustainable resources such as solar cells and oxygen extraction from lunar regolith.", 'duration': 369.495, 'highlights': ["Blue Origin's Mark 1 lander is designed to take 3,000 kilograms to the surface of the moon in a cargo, expendable cargo, and can be launched on a single New Glenn flight, making it a relatively simple architecture for lunar missions. The Mark 1 lander is capable of carrying 3,000 kilograms to the moon's surface in a single expendable cargo, demonstrating its efficiency for lunar missions.", 'The use of liquid hydrogen as a high-energy propellant for the Mark I lander is facilitated by the development of solar-powered cryocoolers to make hydrogen a storable propellant for deep space, enabling high-energy missions to the moon, outer planets, and Mars. Blue Origin is developing solar-powered cryocoolers to make liquid hydrogen a storable propellant, beneficial for high-energy missions to various celestial bodies.', "The Mark 2 lander, part of the Artemis program, is designed to be reusable and aims to reduce costs for lunar missions by utilizing a single-stage configuration that can land on the moon and take off, enabling its repeated use. The Mark 2 lander's reusability and cost reduction strategy through a single-stage configuration make it an integral part of NASA's Artemis program for sustainable lunar missions.", "Blue Origin is working on utilizing lunar resources such as lunar regolith to manufacture commodities and solar cells on the moon, with the potential to extract oxygen from lunar regolith and find practical quantities of ice in the permanently shadowed craters on the poles of the moon for sustainable living. The utilization of lunar resources for manufacturing commodities, solar cells, and oxygen extraction, along with the potential discovery of ice in the moon's shadowed craters, showcases Blue Origin's efforts towards sustainable living on the moon."]}, {'end': 4731.738, 'start': 4507.707, 'title': 'Future of space exploration: moon, mars, and competition', 'summary': "Discusses the future of space exploration, including landing cargo and humans on the moon, the involvement of professional astronauts, the role of automation in lunar activities, and the competition and collaboration between blue origin and spacex in driving humanity's progress towards the stars.", 'duration': 224.031, 'highlights': ["The chapter discusses the future of space exploration, including landing cargo and humans on the moon, the involvement of professional astronauts, the role of automation in lunar activities, and the competition and collaboration between Blue Origin and SpaceX in driving humanity's progress towards the stars. future of space exploration, landing cargo and humans on the moon, involvement of professional astronauts, role of automation, competition and collaboration between Blue Origin and SpaceX", 'Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos are unlikely to personally step foot on the moon or Mars, with such missions likely to be carried out by future generations and professional astronauts. Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos unlikely to personally land on moon or Mars, missions to be carried out by future generations and professional astronauts', 'Automation will play a significant role in lunar activities, with the capability to set up factories and perform tasks without the need for human intervention. significance of automation in lunar activities, capability to set up factories without human intervention', 'SpaceX and Blue Origin are viewed as potential winners in the space industry, with room for multiple successful companies at various levels driving great customer experiences and profit streams. potential success of SpaceX and Blue Origin, room for multiple successful companies in space industry', 'Elon Musk is recognized as a capable leader based on the results achieved with Tesla and SpaceX, indicating the necessity of strong leadership for such groundbreaking endeavors. recognition of Elon Musk as a capable leader, results achieved with Tesla and SpaceX']}, {'end': 5049.546, 'start': 4731.898, 'title': "Amazon's day one thinking", 'summary': "Highlights jeff bezos discussing his excitement and fear when starting amazon, the concept of 'day one thinking' as a way of renewal and rebirth, and the importance of avoiding dogma and embracing change in the company's culture.", 'duration': 317.648, 'highlights': ['Jeff Bezos discusses his excitement and fear when starting Amazon, admitting that he thought there was a 30% chance of success, but remained optimistic. Bezos expresses his mix of excitement and fear when starting Amazon, revealing that he believed there was only a 30% chance of success but maintained optimism, emphasizing the reality of startup uncertainties.', "Bezos explains the concept of 'day one thinking' as a way of renewal and rebirth, emphasizing the idea of starting fresh every day and making new decisions. Bezos introduces the concept of 'day one thinking' as a way of renewal, emphasizing the opportunity to make new decisions every day and avoid being trapped by self-consistency or dogma, fostering a culture of continuous innovation.", "Bezos emphasizes the importance of avoiding dogma and embracing change, highlighting the value of learning from the past while not being blindly tied to it. Bezos stresses the significance of avoiding dogma and being open to change, acknowledging the value of learning from the past while emphasizing the need to avoid blindly following historical practices, promoting adaptability and innovation within the company's culture."]}], 'duration': 911.334, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY4138212.jpg', 'highlights': ["Blue Origin's Mark 1 lander can carry 3,000 kg to the moon in a single expendable cargo, demonstrating efficiency for lunar missions.", 'Blue Origin is developing solar-powered cryocoolers to make liquid hydrogen a storable propellant, beneficial for high-energy missions to various celestial bodies.', "The Mark 2 lander's reusability and cost reduction strategy through a single-stage configuration make it an integral part of NASA's Artemis program for sustainable lunar missions.", "The utilization of lunar resources for manufacturing commodities, solar cells, and oxygen extraction showcases Blue Origin's efforts towards sustainable living on the moon.", 'The chapter discusses the future of space exploration, including landing cargo and humans on the moon, the involvement of professional astronauts, the role of automation in lunar activities, and the competition and collaboration between Blue Origin and SpaceX.', 'Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos unlikely to personally land on moon or Mars, missions to be carried out by future generations and professional astronauts.', 'Significance of automation in lunar activities, capability to set up factories without human intervention.', 'Potential success of SpaceX and Blue Origin, room for multiple successful companies in space industry.', 'Recognition of Elon Musk as a capable leader, results achieved with Tesla and SpaceX.', 'Bezos expresses his mix of excitement and fear when starting Amazon, revealing that he believed there was only a 30% chance of success but maintained optimism, emphasizing the reality of startup uncertainties.', "Bezos introduces the concept of 'day one thinking' as a way of renewal, emphasizing the opportunity to make new decisions every day and avoid being trapped by self-consistency or dogma, fostering a culture of continuous innovation.", "Bezos stresses the significance of avoiding dogma and being open to change, acknowledging the value of learning from the past while emphasizing the need to avoid blindly following historical practices, promoting adaptability and innovation within the company's culture."]}, {'end': 6198.443, 'segs': [{'end': 5104.57, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5050.646, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5058.65, 'text': 'Customer obsession, a skeptical view of proxies, the eager adoption of external trends, and high velocity decision making.', 'start': 5050.646, 'duration': 8.004}, {'end': 5061.692, 'text': 'So we talked about high velocity decision making.', 'start': 5059.331, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 5063.473, 'text': "That's more difficult than it sounds.", 'start': 5062.112, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 5068.695, 'text': 'So maybe you can pick one that stands out to you as you can comment on.', 'start': 5064.793, 'duration': 3.902}, {'end': 5074.638, 'text': 'Eager adoption of external trends, high velocity decision making, skeptical view of proxies.', 'start': 5070.196, 'duration': 4.442}, {'end': 5075.659, 'text': 'How do you fight off day two??', 'start': 5074.678, 'duration': 0.981}, {'end': 5087.851, 'text': "Well, I'll talk about, because I think it's the one that is maybe in some ways the hardest to understand is the skeptical view of proxies.", 'start': 5076.621, 'duration': 11.23}, {'end': 5104.57, 'text': "One of the things that happens in business probably anything where you have an ongoing program and something is underway for a number of years is you develop certain things that you're managing to.", 'start': 5089.926, 'duration': 14.644}], 'summary': 'Amazon focuses on customer obsession, skeptical view of proxies, and high velocity decision making to fight off day two.', 'duration': 53.924, 'max_score': 5050.646, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY5050646.jpg'}, {'end': 5254.168, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5229.17, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 5236.981, 'text': "It's very common, especially in large companies, that they are managing to metrics that they don't really understand.", 'start': 5229.17, 'duration': 7.811}, {'end': 5248.506, 'text': "they don't really know why they exist and the world may have shifted out from under them a little and the metrics are no longer as relevant as they were when somebody 10 years earlier invented the metric.", 'start': 5236.981, 'duration': 11.525}, {'end': 5254.168, 'text': "That is a nuance, but that's a big problem, right? It's a huge problem.", 'start': 5249.526, 'duration': 4.642}], 'summary': 'In large companies, managing to unclear metrics can be a huge problem.', 'duration': 24.998, 'max_score': 5229.17, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY5229170.jpg'}, {'end': 5385.106, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 5283.171, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 5289.436, 'text': 'What does it take to be the guy or gal who brings up the point that this proxy might be outdated??', 'start': 5283.171, 'duration': 6.265}, {'end': 5294.019, 'text': 'I guess what does it take to have a culture that enables that in the meeting?', 'start': 5289.976, 'duration': 4.043}, {'end': 5297.041, 'text': "Because that's a very uncomfortable thing to bring up at a meeting.", 'start': 5294.039, 'duration': 3.002}, {'end': 5299.643, 'text': "We all showed up here, it's a Friday.", 'start': 5297.962, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 5301.464, 'text': 'This is such.', 'start': 5299.663, 'duration': 1.801}, {'end': 5304.226, 'text': 'you have just asked a million dollar question.', 'start': 5301.464, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 5310.391, 'text': "so this is, if I generalize, what you're asking.", 'start': 5304.226, 'duration': 6.165}, {'end': 5313.713, 'text': 'you were talking in general about truth-telling.', 'start': 5311.431, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 5320.357, 'text': 'And we humans are not really truth-seeking animals.', 'start': 5315.294, 'duration': 5.063}, {'end': 5322.779, 'text': 'We are social animals.', 'start': 5321.338, 'duration': 1.441}, {'end': 5323.479, 'text': 'Yeah, we are.', 'start': 5322.839, 'duration': 0.64}, {'end': 5328.583, 'text': "And take you back in time 10, 000 years and you're in a small village.", 'start': 5324.34, 'duration': 4.243}, {'end': 5333.106, 'text': 'If you go along to get along, you can survive.', 'start': 5329.944, 'duration': 3.162}, {'end': 5334.487, 'text': 'You can procreate.', 'start': 5333.666, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 5340.151, 'text': "If you're the village truth-teller, you might get clubbed to death in the middle of the night.", 'start': 5335.407, 'duration': 4.744}, {'end': 5352.441, 'text': "Truths are often they don't want to be heard, because important truths can be uncomfortable, they can be awkward, they can be exhausting.", 'start': 5341.112, 'duration': 11.329}, {'end': 5354.423, 'text': 'Impolite and all that kind of stuff.', 'start': 5352.822, 'duration': 1.601}, {'end': 5355.564, 'text': 'Yes, challenging.', 'start': 5354.443, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 5358.987, 'text': "They can make people defensive, even if that's not the intent.", 'start': 5356.124, 'duration': 2.863}, {'end': 5368.314, 'text': "But any high-performing organization, whether it's a sports team, a business, a political organization, an activist group, I don't care what it is.", 'start': 5359.687, 'duration': 8.627}, {'end': 5378.001, 'text': 'Any high-performing organization has to have mechanisms and a culture that supports truth-telling.', 'start': 5369.335, 'duration': 8.666}, {'end': 5381.103, 'text': 'One of the things you have to do is you have to talk about that.', 'start': 5378.522, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 5385.106, 'text': 'And you have to talk about the fact that it takes energy to do that.', 'start': 5381.163, 'duration': 3.943}], 'summary': 'High-performing organizations require a culture supporting truth-telling and addressing uncomfortable truths, which takes energy.', 'duration': 25.419, 'max_score': 5283.171, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY5283171.jpg'}, {'end': 5666.311, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5637.321, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 5640.403, 'text': 'Yeah, this is very early in the history of Amazon.', 'start': 5637.321, 'duration': 3.082}, {'end': 5645.705, 'text': 'And we were going over a weekly business review and a set of documents.', 'start': 5641.103, 'duration': 4.602}, {'end': 5653.669, 'text': 'And I have a saying, which is, when the data and the anecdotes disagree, the anecdotes are usually right.', 'start': 5645.805, 'duration': 7.864}, {'end': 5658.731, 'text': "And it doesn't mean you just slavishly go follow the anecdotes then.", 'start': 5654.709, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 5660.312, 'text': 'It means you go examine the data.', 'start': 5658.771, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 5666.311, 'text': "And it's usually not that the data is being miscollected.", 'start': 5661.032, 'duration': 5.279}], 'summary': 'Amazon prioritizes anecdotes over data in early stages for decision-making.', 'duration': 28.99, 'max_score': 5637.321, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY5637321.jpg'}, {'end': 5799.104, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5769.195, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 5770.736, 'text': "And you have to get people's attention.", 'start': 5769.195, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 5772.077, 'text': 'And they have to buy into it.', 'start': 5770.796, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 5775.34, 'text': 'And they have to get energized around really fixing things.', 'start': 5772.117, 'duration': 3.223}, {'end': 5779.474, 'text': 'So that speaks to the obsession with the customer experience.', 'start': 5776.172, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 5786.537, 'text': 'So one of the defining aspects of your approach to Amazon is just being obsessed with making customers happy.', 'start': 5779.734, 'duration': 6.803}, {'end': 5793.701, 'text': 'I think companies sometimes say that, but Amazon is really obsessed with that.', 'start': 5786.557, 'duration': 7.144}, {'end': 5799.104, 'text': "I think there's something really profound to that, which is seeing the world through the eyes of the customer.", 'start': 5793.721, 'duration': 5.383}], 'summary': "Amazon's obsession with customer experience drives energized fixing and happy customers", 'duration': 29.909, 'max_score': 5769.195, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY5769195.jpg'}, {'end': 5906.248, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5882.56, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 5889.865, 'text': "So when you identify the big things, you can tell they're worth putting energy into because they're stable in time.", 'start': 5882.56, 'duration': 7.305}, {'end': 5897.943, 'text': "Okay But you're asking about something a little different, which is in every customer experience, there are those big things.", 'start': 5890.965, 'duration': 6.978}, {'end': 5901.485, 'text': "And by the way, it's astonishingly hard to focus even on just the big things.", 'start': 5898.023, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 5906.248, 'text': "So even though they're obvious, they're really hard to focus on.", 'start': 5901.905, 'duration': 4.343}], 'summary': 'Identifying big things in customer experience is crucial, but hard to focus on.', 'duration': 23.688, 'max_score': 5882.56, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY5882560.jpg'}, {'end': 6048.865, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6018.596, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 6023.098, 'text': 'So that particular thing is probably a solution to a number of paper cuts.', 'start': 6018.596, 'duration': 4.502}, {'end': 6032.574, 'text': 'So if you go back and look at our order pipeline and how people shopped on Amazon before we invented one-click shopping, There was more friction.', 'start': 6023.258, 'duration': 9.316}, {'end': 6035.296, 'text': 'There was a whole series of paper cuts.', 'start': 6032.594, 'duration': 2.702}, {'end': 6039.939, 'text': 'And that invention eliminated a bunch of paper cuts.', 'start': 6036.097, 'duration': 3.842}, {'end': 6048.865, 'text': "And I think you're absolutely right, by the way, that when you come up with something like one-click shopping again,", 'start': 6040.6, 'duration': 8.265}], 'summary': "One-click shopping reduced friction in amazon's order pipeline.", 'duration': 30.269, 'max_score': 6018.596, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6018596.jpg'}, {'end': 6150.301, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6119.517, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 6129.066, 'text': 'Um, I bring all that up because, uh, I saw that there, uh, I mentioned that you said that books are an antidote for short attention spans.', 'start': 6119.517, 'duration': 9.549}, {'end': 6141.037, 'text': "And I forget how it was phrased, but that when you were thinking about the Kindle, that you're thinking about how technology changes us.", 'start': 6130.267, 'duration': 10.77}, {'end': 6145.36, 'text': 'Yeah We co-evolve with our tools.', 'start': 6141.437, 'duration': 3.923}, {'end': 6150.301, 'text': 'So we invent new tools, and then our tools change us.', 'start': 6146.539, 'duration': 3.762}], 'summary': 'Books serve as antidote for short attention spans; technology changes us as we co-evolve with our tools.', 'duration': 30.784, 'max_score': 6119.517, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6119517.jpg'}], 'start': 5050.646, 'title': 'Decision making, metrics, and customer obsession at amazon', 'summary': "Discusses challenges of high-velocity decision making, the danger of managing to outdated metrics, and amazon's customer obsession, focusing on customer satisfaction and technological innovation.", 'chapters': [{'end': 5104.57, 'start': 5050.646, 'title': 'High-velocity decision making and skeptical view of proxies', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges of high-velocity decision making and emphasizes the importance of maintaining a skeptical view of proxies in business, which is often the hardest to understand and manage.', 'duration': 53.924, 'highlights': ["Maintaining a skeptical view of proxies is emphasized as a challenge in business, particularly for ongoing programs, and it's described as the hardest to understand and manage.", 'High-velocity decision making is highlighted as a difficult practice, requiring skill and effort to navigate effectively.']}, {'end': 5744.766, 'start': 5104.71, 'title': 'Managing metrics and cultivating truth-telling', 'summary': 'Discusses the danger of managing to outdated or misunderstood metrics, the importance of cultivating a culture that supports truth-telling, and the value of anecdotes in shaping data-driven decision making, exemplified by a story of challenging customer service wait time metrics.', 'duration': 640.056, 'highlights': ["The danger of managing to outdated or misunderstood metrics Large companies often manage to metrics that they don't understand or that are no longer as relevant, leading to a significant problem that needs to be addressed.", 'The importance of cultivating a culture that supports truth-telling High-performing organizations require mechanisms and a culture that encourages truth-telling, acknowledging the difficulty and discomfort associated with challenging established beliefs and data.', 'The value of anecdotes in shaping data-driven decision making, exemplified by a story of challenging customer service wait time metrics Anecdotes can provide valuable insights that contradict collected data, prompting a reevaluation of metrics and the need to examine if the right things are being measured.']}, {'end': 6198.443, 'start': 5745.386, 'title': 'Customer obsession and innovation at amazon', 'summary': "Discusses the importance of customer obsession, identifying and fixing customer experience deficiencies, and the impact of technology on human behavior. amazon's focus on customer satisfaction, addressing big and small customer experience issues, and the emotional impact of innovative solutions are highlighted.", 'duration': 453.057, 'highlights': ["Amazon's obsession with making customers happy is emphasized, with a focus on seeing the world through the eyes of the customer and optimizing their experience. This approach involves addressing both big and small customer experience deficiencies, such as 'paper cuts', and dedicating special teams to fix them.", "The significance of identifying and prioritizing 'big things' in customer experience, such as low prices, fast delivery, and big selection, is highlighted, emphasizing the stability of these factors over time and the need to invest energy into managing them.", "The invention of 'buy now with one click' shopping is discussed as a solution to multiple customer experience 'paper cuts', with an emphasis on the emotional impact of such innovations on both the inventor, the team, and the customer, reinforcing the importance of continuous innovation and 'day one' thinking.", 'The influence of technology on human behavior, as seen in the co-evolution of tools and individuals, is explored, highlighting the need to consider the broader impact of technological advancements beyond customer satisfaction.']}], 'duration': 1147.797, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY5050646.jpg', 'highlights': ["Maintaining a skeptical view of proxies is emphasized as a challenge in business, particularly for ongoing programs, and it's described as the hardest to understand and manage.", 'High-velocity decision making is highlighted as a difficult practice, requiring skill and effort to navigate effectively.', "The danger of managing to outdated or misunderstood metrics Large companies often manage to metrics that they don't understand or that are no longer as relevant, leading to a significant problem that needs to be addressed.", 'The importance of cultivating a culture that supports truth-telling High-performing organizations require mechanisms and a culture that encourages truth-telling, acknowledging the difficulty and discomfort associated with challenging established beliefs and data.', 'The value of anecdotes in shaping data-driven decision making, exemplified by a story of challenging customer service wait time metrics Anecdotes can provide valuable insights that contradict collected data, prompting a reevaluation of metrics and the need to examine if the right things are being measured.', "Amazon's obsession with making customers happy is emphasized, with a focus on seeing the world through the eyes of the customer and optimizing their experience. This approach involves addressing both big and small customer experience deficiencies, such as 'paper cuts', and dedicating special teams to fix them.", "The significance of identifying and prioritizing 'big things' in customer experience, such as low prices, fast delivery, and big selection, is highlighted, emphasizing the stability of these factors over time and the need to invest energy into managing them.", "The invention of 'buy now with one click' shopping is discussed as a solution to multiple customer experience 'paper cuts', with an emphasis on the emotional impact of such innovations on both the inventor, the team, and the customer, reinforcing the importance of continuous innovation and 'day one' thinking.", 'The influence of technology on human behavior, as seen in the co-evolution of tools and individuals, is explored, highlighting the need to consider the broader impact of technological advancements beyond customer satisfaction.']}, {'end': 6845.189, 'segs': [{'end': 6294.582, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6224.318, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 6230.509, 'text': 'is we have trained our brains to be really good at processing super short form content.', 'start': 6224.318, 'duration': 6.191}, {'end': 6234.75, 'text': 'And your podcast flies in the face of this.', 'start': 6231.608, 'duration': 3.142}, {'end': 6237.452, 'text': 'You do these long format things.', 'start': 6236.071, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 6242.215, 'text': 'And reading books is a long format thing.', 'start': 6238.553, 'duration': 3.662}, {'end': 6246.538, 'text': 'And we all do more of.', 'start': 6243.015, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 6248.979, 'text': 'If something is convenient, we do more of it.', 'start': 6246.538, 'duration': 2.441}, {'end': 6252.541, 'text': 'And so when you make tools, we carry around.', 'start': 6249.6, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 6254.663, 'text': 'um a little.', 'start': 6253.762, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 6263.148, 'text': 'we carry around in our pocket a phone and one of the things that phone does for the most part is it is an attention shortening device,', 'start': 6254.663, 'duration': 8.485}, {'end': 6270.593, 'text': "because most of the things we do on our phone shorten our attention spans, and i'm not even going to say we know for sure that that's bad,", 'start': 6263.148, 'duration': 7.445}, {'end': 6271.774, 'text': "but i do think it's happening.", 'start': 6270.593, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 6274.856, 'text': "it's one of the ways we're co-evolving with that tool.", 'start': 6271.774, 'duration': 3.082}, {'end': 6281.1, 'text': "but i think i think it's important to spend some of your time and some of your life doing long attention span things.", 'start': 6274.856, 'duration': 6.244}, {'end': 6285.567, 'text': "Yeah, I think you've spoken about the value in your own life of focus.", 'start': 6281.638, 'duration': 3.929}, {'end': 6290.14, 'text': 'of singular focus on a thing for prolonged periods of time.', 'start': 6287.699, 'duration': 2.441}, {'end': 6292.061, 'text': "And that's certainly what books do.", 'start': 6290.78, 'duration': 1.281}, {'end': 6294.582, 'text': "And that's certainly what that piece of technology does.", 'start': 6292.081, 'duration': 2.501}], 'summary': 'Long-form content and books promote focus and prolonged attention span in the age of short-form content and attention-shortening devices.', 'duration': 70.264, 'max_score': 6224.318, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6224318.jpg'}, {'end': 6429.01, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6394.031, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 6402.477, 'text': "Then you have this debate about whether they're gonna be good for humanity or bad for humanity.", 'start': 6394.031, 'duration': 8.446}, {'end': 6410.78, 'text': 'You know, even specialized AI, can be very bad for humanity.', 'start': 6404.699, 'duration': 6.081}, {'end': 6424.607, 'text': 'I mean, just regular machine learning models that can make certain weapons of war that could be incredibly destructive and very powerful.', 'start': 6411.14, 'duration': 13.467}, {'end': 6426.348, 'text': "And they're not general AIs.", 'start': 6424.667, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 6429.01, 'text': 'They could just be very smart weapons.', 'start': 6427.069, 'duration': 1.941}], 'summary': "Debate on specialized ai's potential harm to humanity, as they can create powerful and destructive weapons.", 'duration': 34.979, 'max_score': 6394.031, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6394031.jpg'}, {'end': 6679.032, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6652.046, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 6659.152, 'text': 'and you know, uh, the the ai techniques we use today use many kilowatts of power to do equivalent tasks.', 'start': 6652.046, 'duration': 7.106}, {'end': 6662.615, 'text': "so there's something interesting about the way the human brain does this.", 'start': 6659.152, 'duration': 3.463}, {'end': 6664.576, 'text': "and also we don't need as much data.", 'start': 6662.615, 'duration': 1.961}, {'end': 6672.643, 'text': 'so you know, like self-driving cars, or they have to drive billions and billions of miles to try and to learn how to drive.', 'start': 6664.576, 'duration': 8.067}, {'end': 6679.032, 'text': 'and you know Your average 16 year old, uh, figures it out with many fewer miles.', 'start': 6672.643, 'duration': 6.389}], 'summary': 'Ai techniques use many kilowatts, while human brain needs less power and data. humans learn to drive with fewer miles.', 'duration': 26.986, 'max_score': 6652.046, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6652046.jpg'}, {'end': 6765.475, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6737.136, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 6750.367, 'text': "So if there's not enough sort of data in the training data about a particular topic, he's just going to concoct accurate sounding narratives,", 'start': 6737.136, 'duration': 13.231}, {'end': 6754.069, 'text': 'which is a very fascinating problem to try to solve.', 'start': 6750.367, 'duration': 3.702}, {'end': 6765.475, 'text': "How do you get language models to infer what is true or not, to sort of introspect? Yeah, they need to be taught to say, I don't know, more often.", 'start': 6754.129, 'duration': 11.346}], 'summary': "Language models need to be taught to say 'i don't know' more often to avoid concocting inaccurate narratives.", 'duration': 28.339, 'max_score': 6737.136, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6737136.jpg'}, {'end': 6826.599, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6797.848, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 6800.77, 'text': 'And guess what? Alexa is about to get a lot smarter.', 'start': 6797.848, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 6806.373, 'text': "And so that's really, from a product point of view, that's super exciting.", 'start': 6801.63, 'duration': 4.743}, {'end': 6808.541, 'text': "There's so many opportunities there.", 'start': 6807.039, 'duration': 1.502}, {'end': 6809.842, 'text': 'So many opportunities.', 'start': 6808.901, 'duration': 0.941}, {'end': 6811.604, 'text': 'Shopping assistant.', 'start': 6810.103, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 6813.527, 'text': 'All that stuff is amazing.', 'start': 6812.245, 'duration': 1.282}, {'end': 6818.553, 'text': "In AWS, we're building Titan, which is our foundational model.", 'start': 6813.747, 'duration': 4.806}, {'end': 6824.26, 'text': "We're also building Bedrock, which are corporate clients at AWS.", 'start': 6818.573, 'duration': 5.687}, {'end': 6826.599, 'text': 'or enterprise clients.', 'start': 6825.438, 'duration': 1.161}], 'summary': 'Alexa is set to become much smarter, with new opportunities and products in development at aws.', 'duration': 28.751, 'max_score': 6797.848, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6797848.jpg'}], 'start': 6198.503, 'title': 'Impact of short-form content and ai on civilization', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of short-form content and technology on attention spans, emphasizing the prevalence on social media and smartphones, and the importance of engaging in long attention span activities. it also includes the potential impact of ai on human civilization, highlighting the power of large language models, the debate on their potential consequences, and the overall optimism towards their ability to help and save humanity despite uncertainties and risks involved. various aspects of ai are covered, such as comparison between human brain efficiency and ai power consumption, the capability of large language models to generate original ideas, challenges in determining truthfulness in their outputs, and opportunities for product development and security in the ai industry.', 'chapters': [{'end': 6294.582, 'start': 6198.503, 'title': 'Impact of short-form content on attention span', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of short-form content and technology on attention spans, highlighting the prevalence of short-form content on social media and smartphones, and the importance of engaging in long attention span activities like reading books and podcasts.', 'duration': 96.079, 'highlights': ['Engaging in long attention span activities like reading books and podcasts is important for counteracting the effects of short-form content and attention shortening devices like smartphones.', 'Social media has trained our brains to process super short form content effectively, potentially impacting attention spans.', 'Smartphones act as attention shortening devices, with most activities on phones contributing to the shortening of attention spans.', 'The prevalence of short-form content on social media and the use of smartphones have contributed to the co-evolution of attention spans and technology.', 'Long attention span activities, such as reading and focusing on singular tasks, are valuable for maintaining cognitive focus and counteracting the effects of short-form content and attention shortening devices.']}, {'end': 6845.189, 'start': 6295.022, 'title': "Ai's impact on civilization", 'summary': 'Discusses the potential impact of ai on human civilization, highlighting the power of large language models, the debate on their potential consequences, and the overall optimism towards their ability to help and save humanity despite the uncertainties and risks involved. it also touches on the comparison between human brain efficiency and ai power consumption, the capability of large language models to come up with original ideas, the challenge of determining truthfulness in their outputs, and the opportunities for product development and security in the ai industry.', 'duration': 550.167, 'highlights': ['The debate on the impact of AI on humanity, leaning towards optimism with the belief that powerful AI tools are more likely to help and save humanity than to unbalance and destroy it. The chapter expresses optimism regarding the potential of AI to help and save humanity, despite uncertainties and risks, emphasizing the belief that these powerful tools are more likely to have a positive impact.', "Comparison of human brain efficiency and AI power consumption, indicating the differences in capabilities and efficiency between the two. The discussion highlights the difference in efficiency between the human brain and AI power consumption, suggesting that there are still tricks to be learned from the human brain's remarkable abilities.", 'The challenge of determining truthfulness in the outputs of large language models and the need to teach them to discern and express uncertainty. The chapter addresses the challenge of getting language models to determine truthfulness in their outputs, emphasizing the need to teach them to express uncertainty and admit when they do not know, similar to the teaching needed for some humans.', 'Opportunities for product development and security in the AI industry, particularly with the advancements in AI technology such as Alexa and the development of foundational models and tools for enterprise clients at AWS. The transcript highlights the diverse opportunities for product development and security in the AI industry, particularly with the advancements in AI technology like Alexa and the development of foundational models and tools for enterprise clients at AWS.']}], 'duration': 646.686, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6198503.jpg', 'highlights': ['Engaging in long attention span activities like reading books and podcasts is important for counteracting the effects of short-form content and attention shortening devices like smartphones.', 'Social media has trained our brains to process super short form content effectively, potentially impacting attention spans.', 'Smartphones act as attention shortening devices, with most activities on phones contributing to the shortening of attention spans.', 'The prevalence of short-form content on social media and the use of smartphones have contributed to the co-evolution of attention spans and technology.', 'Long attention span activities, such as reading and focusing on singular tasks, are valuable for maintaining cognitive focus and counteracting the effects of short-form content and attention shortening devices.', 'The debate on the impact of AI on humanity, leaning towards optimism with the belief that powerful AI tools are more likely to help and save humanity than to unbalance and destroy it.', 'Comparison of human brain efficiency and AI power consumption, indicating the differences in capabilities and efficiency between the two.', 'The challenge of determining truthfulness in the outputs of large language models and the need to teach them to discern and express uncertainty.', 'Opportunities for product development and security in the AI industry, particularly with the advancements in AI technology such as Alexa and the development of foundational models and tools for enterprise clients at AWS.']}, {'end': 7882.758, 'segs': [{'end': 7111.414, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7058.284, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 7063.949, 'text': 'I do a little bit of cardio and a little bit of weightlifting, and I rotate.', 'start': 7058.284, 'duration': 5.665}, {'end': 7066.391, 'text': 'I do a pulling day and a pushing day and a leg day.', 'start': 7063.969, 'duration': 2.422}, {'end': 7067.712, 'text': "It's all pretty standard stuff.", 'start': 7066.411, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 7069.774, 'text': 'So puttering, coffee, gym.', 'start': 7068.213, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 7071.856, 'text': 'Puttering, coffee, gym, and then work.', 'start': 7069.814, 'duration': 2.042}, {'end': 7073.958, 'text': "Work? What's work look like?", 'start': 7072.216, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 7077.761, 'text': 'What do the productive hours look like for you?', 'start': 7073.998, 'duration': 3.763}, {'end': 7085.185, 'text': 'A couple years ago I left as the CEO of Amazon and I have never worked harder in my life.', 'start': 7079.42, 'duration': 5.765}, {'end': 7093.652, 'text': "I am working so hard, and I'm mostly enjoying it, but there are also some very painful days.", 'start': 7088.647, 'duration': 5.005}, {'end': 7102.399, 'text': "Most of my time is spent on Blue Origin, and I'm so deeply involved here now for the last couple of years.", 'start': 7094.732, 'duration': 7.667}, {'end': 7104.091, 'text': 'In the big, I love it.', 'start': 7103.191, 'duration': 0.9}, {'end': 7107.592, 'text': "In the small, there's all the frustrations that come along with everything.", 'start': 7104.151, 'duration': 3.441}, {'end': 7110.433, 'text': "We're trying to get to rate manufacturing, as we talked about.", 'start': 7107.792, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 7111.414, 'text': "That's super important.", 'start': 7110.453, 'duration': 0.961}], 'summary': 'Ex-ceo of amazon now focuses on blue origin, works hard, striving for rate manufacturing.', 'duration': 53.13, 'max_score': 7058.284, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY7058284.jpg'}, {'end': 7288.1, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7260.764, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 7268.276, 'text': "they're a little taken aback sometimes because a typical meeting We'll start with a six-page, narratively structured memo.", 'start': 7260.764, 'duration': 7.512}, {'end': 7270.778, 'text': 'And we do study hall.', 'start': 7269.117, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 7276.361, 'text': 'For 30 minutes, we sit there silently together in the meeting and read.', 'start': 7271.618, 'duration': 4.743}, {'end': 7278.563, 'text': 'Take notes in the margins.', 'start': 7276.381, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 7280.404, 'text': 'And then we discuss.', 'start': 7279.403, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 7288.1, 'text': 'And the reason, by the way, we do study, you could say, I would like everybody to read these memos in advance.', 'start': 7282.478, 'duration': 5.622}], 'summary': 'Meetings start with a 6-page memo, followed by 30 minutes of silent reading and discussion.', 'duration': 27.336, 'max_score': 7260.764, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY7260764.jpg'}, {'end': 7595.637, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7564.079, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 7570.785, 'text': '10, 000 Year Clock is an idea conceived by a brilliant guy named Danny Hillis way back in the 80s.', 'start': 7564.079, 'duration': 6.706}, {'end': 7576.748, 'text': 'The idea is to build a clock as a symbol for long-term thinking.', 'start': 7573.427, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 7586.333, 'text': 'And you can kind of just very conceptually think of the 10, 000-year clock, as it ticks once a year,', 'start': 7577.769, 'duration': 8.564}, {'end': 7593.036, 'text': 'it chimes once every 100 years and the cuckoo comes out once every 1, 000 years.', 'start': 7586.333, 'duration': 6.703}, {'end': 7595.637, 'text': 'So it just sort of slows everything down.', 'start': 7593.076, 'duration': 2.561}], 'summary': '10,000 year clock symbolizes long-term thinking with 1-year ticks, 100-year chimes, and 1,000-year cuckoo.', 'duration': 31.558, 'max_score': 7564.079, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY7564079.jpg'}, {'end': 7707.324, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7676.681, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 7680.222, 'text': 'We need to be, we need to start training ourselves to think longer term.', 'start': 7676.681, 'duration': 3.541}, {'end': 7681.922, 'text': 'Long-term thinking is a giant lever.', 'start': 7680.282, 'duration': 1.64}, {'end': 7688.235, 'text': 'You can literally solve problems if you think long-term that are impossible to solve if you think short-term.', 'start': 7682.182, 'duration': 6.053}, {'end': 7693.038, 'text': "And we aren't really good at thinking long-term.", 'start': 7689.076, 'duration': 3.962}, {'end': 7700.961, 'text': 'Five years is a tough timeframe for most institutions to think past.', 'start': 7694.998, 'duration': 5.963}, {'end': 7707.324, 'text': 'And we probably need to stretch that to 10 years and 15 years and 20 years and 25 years,', 'start': 7702.142, 'duration': 5.182}], 'summary': 'Training for long-term thinking is crucial for problem-solving. institutions struggle beyond 5 years.', 'duration': 30.643, 'max_score': 7676.681, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY7676681.jpg'}], 'start': 6845.689, 'title': "Jeff bezos' productivity and amazon's innovative approach", 'summary': "Covers jeff bezos' productivity methods, including his morning routine and focus on blue origin, as well as amazon's unique approach to meetings through a six-page memo and the 10,000 year clock's significance in promoting long-term thinking.", 'chapters': [{'end': 7167.062, 'start': 6845.689, 'title': 'Jeff bezos on productivity and challenges', 'summary': "Covers jeff bezos' approach to productivity, including his morning routine, exercise regimen, and intense focus on blue origin, with insights into the challenges and frustrations he faces in the process.", 'duration': 321.373, 'highlights': ["Jeff Bezos' intense focus on Blue Origin and the challenges he faces in trying to get to rate manufacturing. Bezos spends most of his time on Blue Origin and is deeply involved in the company's operations, expressing both his love for the work and the frustrations that come along with it. He emphasizes the importance of reaching rate manufacturing and mentions the recent hiring of a new CEO, Dave Lemp, to facilitate progress.", "Bezos' morning routine and exercise regimen, including his slow start to the day and dedication to cardio and weightlifting. Bezos describes his morning routine, which involves slowly starting the day with coffee, reading, and chatting, followed by a dedicated exercise regimen comprising cardio and weightlifting. He also emphasizes the role of motivation in sticking to his exercise routine.", "Bezos' work focus on technology and organizational aspects, with a particular interest in architecture and technology meetings. Bezos discusses his work, which involves reading documents, having meetings, and focusing on technology and organizational aspects related to Blue Origin. He expresses a strong interest in architecture and technology meetings, highlighting his passion for the technological aspects of his work."]}, {'end': 7534.199, 'start': 7167.642, 'title': "Amazon's six-page memo and crisp meetings", 'summary': "Discusses amazon's unconventional approach to meetings, emphasizing the use of a six-page memo and silent study hall to foster in-depth discussions and truth-seeking, ultimately saving time and promoting the author's best thinking.", 'duration': 366.557, 'highlights': ["The use of a six-page memo and silent study hall at Amazon and Blue Origin meetings fosters elevated discussions and truth-seeking, saving time and promoting the author's best thinking.", 'Meetings at Amazon and Blue Origin start with a six-page, narratively structured memo, followed by a 30-minute silent study hall to ensure everyone is on the same page and can contribute to an elevated discussion.', 'The author of the memo is required to be vulnerable and go first, which allows for genuine ideas without the influence of group think or PowerPoint presentations.', "PowerPoint presentations are criticized for their persuasive nature and the difficulty for the audience, contrasting with the memos' focus on truth-seeking and author's best thinking.", 'Business review meetings at Amazon, focused on incremental improvements and metric analysis, contrast with the problem-solving nature of other meetings, emphasizing efficiency and timeliness.']}, {'end': 7882.758, 'start': 7535.08, 'title': 'The 10,000 year clock and long-term thinking', 'summary': 'Discusses the 10,000 year clock, a monumental and mechanical symbol for long-term thinking that aims to influence human thinking horizons and highlights the importance of long-term thinking in addressing large-scale problems like climate change.', 'duration': 347.678, 'highlights': ['The 10,000 Year Clock The 10,000 Year Clock is a monumental, 500-feet tall, mechanical clock designed to last 10,000 years with minimal human intervention, symbolizing long-term thinking and aiming to extend human thinking horizons.', 'Importance of Long-Term Thinking Long-term thinking is highlighted as crucial for addressing large-scale problems like climate change, with a call to extend thinking horizons beyond the typical 5-year timeframe to better serve future generations.', "Significance of the Clock's Influence The 10,000 Year Clock, while an art project and symbol, is expected to influence long-term thinking over hundreds of years, emphasizing the need to train ourselves to think longer term and solve seemingly impossible problems."]}], 'duration': 1037.069, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DcWqzZ3I2cY/pics/DcWqzZ3I2cY6845689.jpg', 'highlights': ["Bezos' intense focus on Blue Origin and the challenges he faces in trying to get to rate manufacturing, expressing both his love for the work and the frustrations that come along with it.", "Bezos' morning routine involves slowly starting the day with coffee, reading, and chatting, followed by a dedicated exercise regimen comprising cardio and weightlifting.", "The use of a six-page memo and silent study hall at Amazon and Blue Origin meetings fosters elevated discussions and truth-seeking, saving time and promoting the author's best thinking.", 'The 10,000 Year Clock is a monumental, 500-feet tall, mechanical clock designed to last 10,000 years with minimal human intervention, symbolizing long-term thinking and aiming to extend human thinking horizons.', 'Long-term thinking is highlighted as crucial for addressing large-scale problems like climate change, with a call to extend thinking horizons beyond the typical 5-year timeframe to better serve future generations.']}], 'highlights': ["Bezos' vision for a trillion humans in the solar system, supported by giant space stations and resource utilization from the moon, asteroid belt, and near-earth objects.", "The construction of O'Neill style colonies in space, offering advantages over planetary surfaces, such as adjustable gravity and strategic placement.", "The concept of relocating heavy industry from Earth to space as a means to preserve the planet's natural beauty and ecosystem, supporting sustainable development.", "The Blue Ring spacecraft's capability to provide diverse services to payloads, akin to Amazon Web Services for space payloads, contributing to efficient operations in Earth and lunar vicinity.", "Jeff Bezos' formative experiences on a ranch emphasized self-reliance and problem-solving, with his grandfather being a huge influence and role model in his life.", 'Emphasizes the importance of lateral thinking, intuition, and world-class mathematical skills in problem-solving.', 'New Glenn will have about 3.9 million pounds of thrust on liftoff, with the booster having seven BE-4 engines, each generating a little more than 550,000 pounds of thrust.', 'The use of carbon composites has revolutionized rocket construction, enabling the creation of lighter and stiffer fairing structures, leading to significant improvements in structural efficiency and weight reduction.', 'The emotional impact of being in space, experiencing zero gravity, and witnessing Earth from space is highlighted, leading to a profound perspective shift known as the overview effect and a heightened environmental consciousness.', "The pusher system's reusability minimizes waste and contributes to cost efficiency, showcasing Blue Origin's focus on practical and sustainable engineering solutions.", "Bezos' decision to prioritize Blue Origin's progress reflects his commitment to propelling the company forward and infusing a sense of urgency to achieve faster advancements in space technology and exploration.", "Blue Origin's Mark 1 lander can carry 3,000 kg to the moon in a single expendable cargo, demonstrating efficiency for lunar missions.", "The significance of identifying and prioritizing 'big things' in customer experience, such as low prices, fast delivery, and big selection, is highlighted, emphasizing the stability of these factors over time and the need to invest energy into managing them.", "The invention of 'buy now with one click' shopping is discussed as a solution to multiple customer experience 'paper cuts', with an emphasis on the emotional impact of such innovations on both the inventor, the team, and the customer, reinforcing the importance of continuous innovation and 'day one' thinking.", 'Engaging in long attention span activities like reading books and podcasts is important for counteracting the effects of short-form content and attention shortening devices like smartphones.', 'The debate on the impact of AI on humanity, leaning towards optimism with the belief that powerful AI tools are more likely to help and save humanity than to unbalance and destroy it.', "Bezos' intense focus on Blue Origin and the challenges he faces in trying to get to rate manufacturing, expressing both his love for the work and the frustrations that come along with it.", 'The 10,000 Year Clock is a monumental, 500-feet tall, mechanical clock designed to last 10,000 years with minimal human intervention, symbolizing long-term thinking and aiming to extend human thinking horizons beyond the typical 5-year timeframe to better serve future generations.']}