title
Python Tutorial for Beginners 6: Conditionals and Booleans - If, Else, and Elif Statements

description
In this Python Beginner Tutorial, we will begin learning about if, elif, and else conditionals in Python. We will also be learning about Booleans and what evaluates to True and False. Let's get started. The code from this video can be found at: https://github.com/CoreyMSchafer/code_snippets/tree/master/Python-Conditionals Watch the full Python Beginner Series here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-osiE80TeTskrapNbzXhwoFUiLCjGgY7 ✅ Support My Channel Through Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/coreyms ✅ Become a Channel Member: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCezIgC97PvUuR4_gbFUs5g/join ✅ One-Time Contribution Through PayPal: https://goo.gl/649HFY ✅ Cryptocurrency Donations: Bitcoin Wallet - 3MPH8oY2EAgbLVy7RBMinwcBntggi7qeG3 Ethereum Wallet - 0x151649418616068fB46C3598083817101d3bCD33 Litecoin Wallet - MPvEBY5fxGkmPQgocfJbxP6EmTo5UUXMot ✅ Corey's Public Amazon Wishlist http://a.co/inIyro1 ✅ Equipment I Use and Books I Recommend: https://www.amazon.com/shop/coreyschafer ▶️ You Can Find Me On: My Website - http://coreyms.com/ My Second Channel - https://www.youtube.com/c/coreymschafer Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/CoreyMSchafer Twitter - https://twitter.com/CoreyMSchafer Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/coreymschafer/ #Python

detail
{'title': 'Python Tutorial for Beginners 6: Conditionals and Booleans - If, Else, and Elif Statements', 'heatmap': [{'end': 609.575, 'start': 513.957, 'weight': 0.703}, {'end': 683.401, 'start': 610.055, 'weight': 0.73}, {'end': 741.322, 'start': 711.232, 'weight': 0.746}, {'end': 821.815, 'start': 756.887, 'weight': 0.705}], 'summary': 'This python tutorial covers learning conditionals, control flow, object identity, equality, and conditionals in python, including if, else, elif statements, true and false value comparisons, and boolean operations, with illustrative examples and key concepts about sequences and mappings.', 'chapters': [{'end': 159.637, 'segs': [{'end': 30.984, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.189, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1.189, 'text': "Hey there, how's it going everybody?", 'start': 0.189, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 6.311, 'text': "In this video we'll be learning about conditionals and how we can control what statements get executed,", 'start': 1.209, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 9.392, 'text': 'depending on whether certain values evaluate to true or false.', 'start': 6.311, 'duration': 3.081}, {'end': 14.014, 'text': "And we've mentioned in previous videos that these true and false values are called booleans.", 'start': 9.812, 'duration': 4.202}, {'end': 17.115, 'text': "So let's look at one of the simplest conditionals that we can write.", 'start': 14.474, 'duration': 2.641}, {'end': 24.839, 'text': "So we're going to write an if statement and we'll say if And now the condition that we want to check whether it evaluates to true or false.", 'start': 17.435, 'duration': 7.404}, {'end': 28.562, 'text': "So we're just going to make this obvious for now and just say true.", 'start': 25.179, 'duration': 3.383}, {'end': 30.984, 'text': "Then we'll put in a colon and hit enter.", 'start': 28.582, 'duration': 2.402}], 'summary': 'Learning about conditionals and controlling statements based on true or false values.', 'duration': 30.795, 'max_score': 0.189, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk189.jpg'}, {'end': 149.611, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 120.925, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 123.348, 'text': 'Now, there are a lot of different comparisons that we can test for.', 'start': 120.925, 'duration': 2.423}, {'end': 126.211, 'text': "And I've got these written out in a snippets file here.", 'start': 123.368, 'duration': 2.843}, {'end': 131.196, 'text': "So I'm just going to copy these and paste them in so that we have them as a reference.", 'start': 126.571, 'duration': 4.625}, {'end': 134.099, 'text': 'Now, we went over some of these in our numbers tutorial.', 'start': 131.717, 'duration': 2.382}, {'end': 136.522, 'text': "But let's go ahead and just look through here really quick.", 'start': 134.38, 'duration': 2.142}, {'end': 139.045, 'text': 'So double equals test for equality.', 'start': 136.862, 'duration': 2.183}, {'end': 142.667, 'text': 'Exclamation point equals test if something is not equal.', 'start': 139.605, 'duration': 3.062}, {'end': 144.928, 'text': 'Greater than sign is for greater than.', 'start': 143.147, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 146.529, 'text': 'Less than sign is for less than.', 'start': 145.128, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 149.611, 'text': 'Greater than equal to is for greater than or equal to.', 'start': 146.93, 'duration': 2.681}], 'summary': 'Comparisons include double equals for equality, exclamation point equals for inequality, and signs for greater than/less than/equal to.', 'duration': 28.686, 'max_score': 120.925, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk120925.jpg'}], 'start': 0.189, 'title': 'Learning conditionals in python', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of conditionals in python, covering if statements, true and false value comparisons, and explanation of different comparison operators with examples.', 'chapters': [{'end': 159.637, 'start': 0.189, 'title': 'Learning conditionals in python', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of conditionals in python, including the use of if statements and comparisons with true and false values, demonstrating the usage with examples and explanations of different comparison operators.', 'duration': 159.448, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the concept of conditionals in Python It introduces the main topic of the chapter.', 'including the use of if statements and comparisons with true and false values Explains the use of if statements and the concept of true and false values in conditionals.', 'demonstrating the usage with examples and explanations of different comparison operators Provides examples and explanations of different comparison operators used in conditionals.']}], 'duration': 159.448, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk189.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the concept of conditionals in Python It introduces the main topic of the chapter.', 'demonstrating the usage with examples and explanations of different comparison operators Provides examples and explanations of different comparison operators used in conditionals.', 'including the use of if statements and comparisons with true and false values Explains the use of if statements and the concept of true and false values in conditionals.']}, {'end': 567.048, 'segs': [{'end': 267.512, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 231.657, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 237.52, 'text': 'Now, if I was instead to change this language and set that equal to Java and rerun this,', 'start': 231.657, 'duration': 5.863}, {'end': 240.981, 'text': "then we can see that it didn't meet the conditional for our if statement.", 'start': 237.52, 'duration': 3.461}, {'end': 242.902, 'text': 'So that evaluated to false.', 'start': 241.362, 'duration': 1.54}, {'end': 246.664, 'text': 'So then it dropped down to our else statement and executed that code.', 'start': 243.243, 'duration': 3.421}, {'end': 252.887, 'text': 'OK, so what if we wanted to check for multiple languages and execute different code for each one that we encountered.', 'start': 247.084, 'duration': 5.803}, {'end': 255.808, 'text': 'So this is where an ellif statement comes in.', 'start': 253.267, 'duration': 2.541}, {'end': 264.251, 'text': "So let's say that we wanted to check if the language was equal to Python, and if it wasn't, then we wanted to check if it was equal to Java,", 'start': 256.228, 'duration': 8.023}, {'end': 267.512, 'text': 'and if it was neither of those, then we would just print out no match.', 'start': 264.251, 'duration': 3.261}], 'summary': 'Using conditional statements in python to execute code based on language conditions.', 'duration': 35.855, 'max_score': 231.657, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk231657.jpg'}, {'end': 344.255, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 314.994, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 318.816, 'text': 'that the language is java and none of these other statements were executed.', 'start': 314.994, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 324.34, 'text': "Now, if you're coming from another language, you might be wondering if Python has a switch case statement.", 'start': 319.156, 'duration': 5.184}, {'end': 327.503, 'text': "Now, if you don't know what a switch case statement is, then it's not a big deal.", 'start': 324.62, 'duration': 2.883}, {'end': 330.245, 'text': "Basically, it's just a way to check multiple values.", 'start': 327.843, 'duration': 2.402}, {'end': 332.767, 'text': "And Python doesn't have a switch case.", 'start': 330.605, 'duration': 2.162}, {'end': 339.192, 'text': 'And the reason is because the if, lf, and else statements are plenty clean enough to do this already.', 'start': 333.087, 'duration': 6.105}, {'end': 344.255, 'text': 'So if we wanted to check another language, then we could just keep adding LLF statements.', 'start': 339.512, 'duration': 4.743}], 'summary': 'Python does not have a switch case statement due to the versatility of if, lf, and else statements.', 'duration': 29.261, 'max_score': 314.994, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk314994.jpg'}, {'end': 425.422, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 371.912, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 377.715, 'text': 'Now, in addition to these comparisons that we have here, we also have some Boolean operations that we can use.', 'start': 371.912, 'duration': 5.803}, {'end': 382.316, 'text': 'And these are and, or, and not.', 'start': 378.175, 'duration': 4.141}, {'end': 385.358, 'text': 'So for example, let me create two variables here.', 'start': 382.777, 'duration': 2.581}, {'end': 391.06, 'text': "And I'll call one of these user and set this equal to a string of admin.", 'start': 385.818, 'duration': 5.242}, {'end': 396.043, 'text': "and then I'll create another variable here called logged in and I'll set that equal to true.", 'start': 391.46, 'duration': 4.583}, {'end': 403.427, 'text': "Now let's say that we only wanted to execute some code if the user is equal to admin and logged in is equal to true.", 'start': 396.403, 'duration': 7.024}, {'end': 406.149, 'text': 'Now to do this we can use the and keyword.', 'start': 403.788, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 415.135, 'text': "So I could say if user equal equals admin And then we'll use this and keyword, and logged in.", 'start': 406.509, 'duration': 8.626}, {'end': 418.717, 'text': 'And now we can write the code if this is true.', 'start': 415.535, 'duration': 3.182}, {'end': 422.56, 'text': "So I'll just print out a string that says admin page.", 'start': 419.097, 'duration': 3.463}, {'end': 425.422, 'text': 'And now we can put in an else block.', 'start': 423.14, 'duration': 2.282}], 'summary': 'Using boolean operations can help execute code based on specified conditions and variables.', 'duration': 53.51, 'max_score': 371.912, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk371912.jpg'}, {'end': 548.882, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 518.542, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 521.845, 'text': "So it'll change a true to a false and a false to a true.", 'start': 518.542, 'duration': 3.303}, {'end': 536.458, 'text': 'So for example if we were to say if not logged in then we will print a string here that just says please log in and else print welcome.', 'start': 522.205, 'duration': 14.253}, {'end': 540.68, 'text': 'So we can see that currently our logged in value is equal to false.', 'start': 536.738, 'duration': 3.942}, {'end': 548.882, 'text': 'Now when we say not logged in, then it will evaluate to true because this not just switches that false to a true.', 'start': 541.1, 'duration': 7.782}], 'summary': 'Code will change true to false and false to true in a conditional statement.', 'duration': 30.34, 'max_score': 518.542, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk518542.jpg'}], 'start': 160.097, 'title': 'Python control flow', 'summary': 'Covers python conditional statements, including if, else, and elif statements, and demonstrates the use of and, or, and not boolean operations, with examples and explanations for different conditions.', 'chapters': [{'end': 371.572, 'start': 160.097, 'title': 'Python conditional statements', 'summary': 'Explains conditional statements in python, including the use of if, else, and elif statements to execute different code based on conditions, with examples demonstrating the evaluation of conditions and the absence of a switch case statement in python.', 'duration': 211.475, 'highlights': ["Python doesn't have a switch case statement because the if, elif, and else statements are sufficient for checking multiple values. Python lacks a switch case statement, relying instead on if, elif, and else statements for checking multiple values.", "Demonstrated the use of else statement to execute code if a condition is not met, with an example of printing 'no match' when the condition is false. Illustrated the use of else statement to execute code when the condition is false, demonstrated by printing 'no match' in an example.", 'Explained the use of elif statement to check for multiple conditions and execute different code based on each condition, with an example of checking for Python and Java languages. Explained the functionality of elif statement for checking multiple conditions and demonstrated its use in checking for Python and Java languages.']}, {'end': 567.048, 'start': 371.912, 'title': 'Boolean operations in python', 'summary': 'Explains the usage of and, or, and not boolean operations in python, demonstrating their use with examples and explaining the resulting output based on different conditions.', 'duration': 195.136, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the usage of and, or, and not Boolean operations in Python. It demonstrates the functionality and application of and, or, and not Boolean operations in Python.', "Demonstrating the usage of and, the instructor creates two variables 'user' and 'logged in' and uses the 'and' keyword to execute code only if both conditions are true. The 'and' keyword is used to ensure both conditions 'user == admin' and 'logged in' are true before executing the code, resulting in the printed output 'admin page' when both conditions evaluate to true.", "Explaining the usage of or, the instructor modifies the condition to use the 'or' keyword and demonstrates its functionality, resulting in the printed output 'admin page' when either condition is true. The 'or' keyword allows either condition to be true for the code to be executed, resulting in the printed output 'admin page' when either 'user == admin' or 'logged in' is true.", "Illustrating the not operation, the instructor explains how it switches a boolean value and provides an example to demonstrate its functionality. The 'not' operation is demonstrated to switch the boolean value, resulting in the printed output 'please log in' when 'logged in' evaluates to false."]}], 'duration': 406.951, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk160097.jpg', 'highlights': ["Python doesn't have a switch case statement, relying on if, elif, and else statements for checking multiple values.", 'Explained the use of elif statement to check for multiple conditions and execute different code based on each condition.', "Demonstrated the use of else statement to execute code when the condition is false, illustrated by printing 'no match' in an example.", 'The chapter explains the usage of and, or, and not Boolean operations in Python.', "The 'and' keyword is used to ensure both conditions 'user == admin' and 'logged in' are true before executing the code.", "The 'or' keyword allows either condition to be true for the code to be executed, resulting in the printed output 'admin page' when either 'user == admin' or 'logged in' is true.", 'Illustrating the not operation, the instructor explains how it switches a boolean value and provides an example to demonstrate its functionality.']}, {'end': 975.457, 'segs': [{'end': 614.26, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 586.696, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 592.5, 'text': "if two objects have the same id, which basically means if they're the same object in memory,", 'start': 586.696, 'duration': 5.804}, {'end': 597.104, 'text': 'so two objects can actually be equal and not be the same object in memory.', 'start': 592.5, 'duration': 4.604}, {'end': 600.587, 'text': 'so, for example, let me create two different lists here.', 'start': 597.104, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 609.575, 'text': "so i'll just call one list equal to a and i'll put in the values of one, two, three, another list equal to b and put in the values one, two, three,", 'start': 600.587, 'duration': 8.988}, {'end': 614.26, 'text': 'And now I will print out A double equals B.', 'start': 610.055, 'duration': 4.205}], 'summary': 'Objects with same id can be equal but not the same in memory.', 'duration': 27.564, 'max_score': 586.696, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk586696.jpg'}, {'end': 756.547, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 711.232, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 718.255, 'text': "so let's see what all python evaluates to true or false, and there are a few things that may be unexpected to us.", 'start': 711.232, 'duration': 7.023}, {'end': 724.857, 'text': 'so i have a couple of things pulled up here in my snippets, and let me grab these really fast.', 'start': 718.255, 'duration': 6.602}, {'end': 730.259, 'text': 'So to determine what Python evaluates to true and false.', 'start': 726.457, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 736.921, 'text': "it's easier to show everything that evaluates to false and then everything else will, by default, evaluate to true.", 'start': 730.259, 'duration': 6.662}, {'end': 741.322, 'text': 'And we have a quick if else statement here to test all of these.', 'start': 737.401, 'duration': 3.921}, {'end': 747.884, 'text': "So we're going to make a few different conditions here, and if that condition evaluates to true, we'll print out evaluated to true,", 'start': 741.682, 'duration': 6.202}, {'end': 749.185, 'text': 'else evaluated to false.', 'start': 747.884, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 753.966, 'text': 'And my comments here are all the things in Python that evaluate to false values.', 'start': 749.685, 'duration': 4.281}, {'end': 756.547, 'text': 'So the first one is the most obvious.', 'start': 754.306, 'duration': 2.241}], 'summary': "Exploring python's truthy and falsey values with if else statements.", 'duration': 146.492, 'max_score': 711.232, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk711232.jpg'}, {'end': 821.815, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 756.887, 'weight': 0.705, 'content': [{'end': 761.728, 'text': "If we set a conditional equal to false, then it's going to evaluate to false.", 'start': 756.887, 'duration': 4.841}, {'end': 765.629, 'text': 'And this one would include all the comparison operations that we just saw.', 'start': 762.008, 'duration': 3.621}, {'end': 767.789, 'text': 'So they would return true or false.', 'start': 765.969, 'duration': 1.82}, {'end': 774.911, 'text': 'So if I run this, then we can see that obviously our conditional evaluated to false here since we set our condition equal to false.', 'start': 767.829, 'duration': 7.082}, {'end': 778.554, 'text': 'Now the next value in our list here is none.', 'start': 775.311, 'duration': 3.243}, {'end': 782.117, 'text': 'So none actually evaluates to false as well.', 'start': 778.974, 'duration': 3.143}, {'end': 789.322, 'text': 'So if we put that value in as our conditional and run this, then we can see that with our condition equal to none,', 'start': 782.417, 'duration': 6.905}, {'end': 792.405, 'text': 'that that condition also evaluates to false.', 'start': 789.322, 'duration': 3.083}, {'end': 795.086, 'text': "Now this next one here isn't always so obvious.", 'start': 792.825, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 802.369, 'text': 'So if you have a numeric data type and pass it into a conditional, then 0 will evaluate to false.', 'start': 795.366, 'duration': 7.003}, {'end': 809.452, 'text': 'So if we set this condition equal to 0 and run this, then we can see that that evaluated to false.', 'start': 802.729, 'duration': 6.723}, {'end': 818.255, 'text': 'But if we set this to any other number, so if our condition is 10 instead of 0 and run that, then we can see that that evaluated to true.', 'start': 809.772, 'duration': 8.483}, {'end': 821.815, 'text': "So that's something to keep in mind there when working with numbers,", 'start': 818.675, 'duration': 3.14}], 'summary': 'Conditional evaluation: false for false, none, and 0; true for other numbers', 'duration': 64.928, 'max_score': 756.887, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk756887.jpg'}, {'end': 809.452, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 778.974, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 782.117, 'text': 'So none actually evaluates to false as well.', 'start': 778.974, 'duration': 3.143}, {'end': 789.322, 'text': 'So if we put that value in as our conditional and run this, then we can see that with our condition equal to none,', 'start': 782.417, 'duration': 6.905}, {'end': 792.405, 'text': 'that that condition also evaluates to false.', 'start': 789.322, 'duration': 3.083}, {'end': 795.086, 'text': "Now this next one here isn't always so obvious.", 'start': 792.825, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 802.369, 'text': 'So if you have a numeric data type and pass it into a conditional, then 0 will evaluate to false.', 'start': 795.366, 'duration': 7.003}, {'end': 809.452, 'text': 'So if we set this condition equal to 0 and run this, then we can see that that evaluated to false.', 'start': 802.729, 'duration': 6.723}], 'summary': "Using 'none' or '0' as condition evaluates to false.", 'duration': 30.478, 'max_score': 778.974, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk778974.jpg'}, {'end': 868.597, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 840.739, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 848.364, 'text': 'So, for example, if I just set this condition to an empty list and run this, then we can see that that evaluates to false.', 'start': 840.739, 'duration': 7.625}, {'end': 852.526, 'text': 'and if you have an empty string that evaluates to false also.', 'start': 848.364, 'duration': 4.162}, {'end': 855.849, 'text': 'and now lastly, here in our list, empty mapping.', 'start': 852.526, 'duration': 3.323}, {'end': 861.493, 'text': 'so an empty mapping, which is basically an empty dictionary, this evaluates to false as well.', 'start': 855.849, 'duration': 5.644}, {'end': 868.597, 'text': 'so if i pass in an empty dictionary here and run this, then we can see that that empty dictionary also evaluated to false.', 'start': 861.493, 'duration': 7.104}], 'summary': 'Empty list, string, and dictionary evaluate to false.', 'duration': 27.858, 'max_score': 840.739, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk840739.jpg'}, {'end': 950.049, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 919.13, 'weight': 9, 'content': [{'end': 921.852, 'text': 'now An empty string would evaluate to false.', 'start': 919.13, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 927.357, 'text': 'so if we pass that in, then we can see that a string with some characters evaluated to true.', 'start': 921.852, 'duration': 5.505}, {'end': 935.945, 'text': "So that's really important when working with these conditionals is just having an idea of what is going to evaluate to true and what's going to evaluate to false.", 'start': 927.737, 'duration': 8.208}, {'end': 938.486, 'text': 'Okay, so I think that is going to do it for this video.', 'start': 936.505, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 946.088, 'text': 'I hope that now everyone has a clear understanding of how these conditionals work and all the different ways that Python determines what values are true and false.', 'start': 938.806, 'duration': 7.282}, {'end': 950.049, 'text': "Now in the next video, we'll be learning about loops and iterations.", 'start': 946.508, 'duration': 3.541}], 'summary': 'Understanding truthy and falsey values in conditionals. next: loops and iterations.', 'duration': 30.919, 'max_score': 919.13, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk919130.jpg'}], 'start': 567.509, 'title': 'Python object identity, equality, and conditionals', 'summary': 'Delves into the distinction between object identity and equality in python, demonstrating the is operator, truth evaluation, and conditions that evaluate to true or false, with illustrative examples and key concepts about sequences and mappings.', 'chapters': [{'end': 683.401, 'start': 567.509, 'title': 'Understanding object identity and equality in python', 'summary': 'Discusses the difference between object identity and equality in python, demonstrating how two different lists can be equal but not the same object in memory, with examples showing the comparison results and memory locations.', 'duration': 115.892, 'highlights': ["Demonstrates the concept of object identity and equality in Python using lists with values and comparing them using '==' and 'is' operators. The chapter explains the difference between object identity and equality in Python by demonstrating how two different lists with the same values are compared using '==' and 'is' operators.", "Illustrates the use of the 'id' function to display the memory locations of objects in Python. The chapter showcases the use of the 'id' function to display the memory locations of different lists in Python, highlighting the unique memory addresses of distinct objects.", "Emphasizes the difference in comparison results between '==' and 'is' operators when comparing two lists with the same values but different memory locations. The chapter emphasizes the difference in comparison results between the '==' and 'is' operators when comparing two lists with the same values but different memory locations, showcasing how '==' checks for equality while 'is' checks for object identity."]}, {'end': 821.815, 'start': 683.801, 'title': 'Python conditionals and truth evaluation', 'summary': 'Explains the is operator in python, the concept of truth evaluation in python, including what evaluates to true or false and examples of different conditions that evaluate to true or false.', 'duration': 138.014, 'highlights': ['The is operator in Python is essentially the same as saying ID of A equals equals the id of b. The is operator in Python is used for comparison, and it is essentially the same as saying ID of A equals equals the ID of B.', 'Python conditionals depend on what Python evaluates to true or false. The conditionals in Python depend on what Python evaluates to true or false, influencing the flow of the program.', '0 will evaluate to false when passed into a conditional in Python. In Python, the numeric value 0 will evaluate to false when used as a conditional.', 'None evaluates to false in Python. In Python, the value None evaluates to false when used as a conditional.']}, {'end': 975.457, 'start': 821.815, 'title': 'Python conditionals and evaluations', 'summary': 'Discusses the different types of sequences and mappings in python that evaluate to false, such as empty strings, lists, tuples, and dictionaries, and highlights the importance of understanding what values evaluate to true and false when working with conditionals.', 'duration': 153.642, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains that empty sequences like an empty string, list, tuple, or an empty mapping like an empty dictionary evaluate to false in Python, demonstrating through examples that an empty list, empty string, and empty dictionary all evaluate to false.', 'Understanding what values evaluate to true and false in Python when working with conditionals is highlighted as crucial for checking if values are actually present without calling specific methods, providing a clear understanding of how these conditionals work.', 'The video emphasizes the importance of comprehending what values evaluate to true and false, exemplifying how a string with characters evaluates to true, and concludes by encouraging questions and offering various ways to support the tutorials.']}], 'duration': 407.948, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/DZwmZ8Usvnk/pics/DZwmZ8Usvnk567509.jpg', 'highlights': ["The chapter emphasizes the difference in comparison results between the '==' and 'is' operators when comparing two lists with the same values but different memory locations, showcasing how '==' checks for equality while 'is' checks for object identity.", 'The chapter explains that empty sequences like an empty string, list, tuple, or an empty mapping like an empty dictionary evaluate to false in Python, demonstrating through examples that an empty list, empty string, and empty dictionary all evaluate to false.', "The chapter explains the difference between object identity and equality in Python by demonstrating how two different lists with the same values are compared using '==' and 'is' operators.", "The chapter showcases the use of the 'id' function to display the memory locations of different lists in Python, highlighting the unique memory addresses of distinct objects.", 'Understanding what values evaluate to true and false in Python when working with conditionals is highlighted as crucial for checking if values are actually present without calling specific methods, providing a clear understanding of how these conditionals work.', 'The is operator in Python is essentially the same as saying ID of A equals equals the id of b.', 'Python conditionals depend on what Python evaluates to true or false, influencing the flow of the program.', '0 will evaluate to false when passed into a conditional in Python.', 'None evaluates to false in Python.', 'The video emphasizes the importance of comprehending what values evaluate to true and false, exemplifying how a string with characters evaluates to true, and concludes by encouraging questions and offering various ways to support the tutorials.']}], 'highlights': ["The chapter emphasizes the difference in comparison results between the '==' and 'is' operators when comparing two lists with the same values but different memory locations, showcasing how '==' checks for equality while 'is' checks for object identity.", 'The chapter explains the usage of and, or, and not Boolean operations in Python.', 'The chapter discusses the concept of conditionals in Python It introduces the main topic of the chapter.', "The chapter explains the difference between object identity and equality in Python by demonstrating how two different lists with the same values are compared using '==' and 'is' operators.", "The 'and' keyword is used to ensure both conditions 'user == admin' and 'logged in' are true before executing the code."]}