title
Understanding Switches

description
Follow the Insanity at: https://www.FailedNormal.com Downloadable Podcasts at: https://failednormal.podbean.com iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/failed-normal/id1349818284?mt=2 Info Level: Beginner Date Created: July 12, 2010 Length of Class: 57 Minutes Tracks Networking Prerequisites Introduction to Networking Purpose of Class This class discusses the purpose of network switches and their functions. Topics Covered Switches vs. Hubs Managed vs. Unmanaged Switches Speeds and Duplex Quality of Service Power Over Ethernet VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol Class Notes Basic Switch Concepts A hub simply splits the Ethernet signal like a cable splitter Broadcast storms happen when too many computers are trying to talk at once Switches allow multiple computers to be able to talk at the same time. Switches are OSI Model layer 2 devices and use network devices MAC Addresses for identification Managed vs. Unmanaged Switches Unmanaged switches are completely automatic Managed switches can be configured Speed Speeds -- 10Mbps / 100Mbps / 1000Mbps Full Duplex means a device can send and receive traffic at the same time Half Duplex means a device can either receive or transmit traffic Backplane determines how much total data a switch can handle Trunk Connection allow multiple switches to be tied together VLANs are separate LANs on the same switch POE -- Power Over Ethernet allows you to power network devices using cat5 cable QOS/ COS -- allows you to prioritize network packets so that real time communication is not interrupted by file transfers. Spanning Tree Protocol is a networking protocol that helps prevent network loops

detail
{'title': 'Understanding Switches', 'heatmap': [{'end': 2757.759, 'start': 2715.631, 'weight': 0.763}, {'end': 3461.029, 'start': 3418.205, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': 'Understanding switches is crucial for network functionality, as they prevent congestion, collisions, and broadcast storms, enabling simultaneous communication between computers and supporting up to 50 devices. switch configuration includes speed, duplex settings, vlans, and power over ethernet with up to 12.9 watts of power, while also addressing challenges like network convergence and preventing network loops using spanning tree protocol.', 'chapters': [{'end': 99.834, 'segs': [{'end': 99.834, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 29.85, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 38.792, 'text': "So we're going to go over the basic concepts of what switches do and things that you should think about when you're deciding what switch to buy.", 'start': 29.85, 'duration': 8.942}, {'end': 40.673, 'text': "I've been very surprised.", 'start': 39.492, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 49.295, 'text': 'A lot of consultants running around now, basically all they think of a switch is they think this is the thing that all the computers plug into.', 'start': 40.773, 'duration': 8.522}, {'end': 50.936, 'text': "They don't think about anything else.", 'start': 49.755, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 60.079, 'text': "They don't think that these little things actually have brains in them, that these things run protocols, that they do a lot of fancy, cool stuff.", 'start': 50.956, 'duration': 9.123}, {'end': 61.019, 'text': 'They just go, ooh.', 'start': 60.459, 'duration': 0.56}, {'end': 63.26, 'text': 'plug a computer into it.', 'start': 62.259, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 69.423, 'text': 'So this class is going to be an introduction explaining to you all of the different things that switches do.', 'start': 63.5, 'duration': 5.923}, {'end': 72.624, 'text': 'Again, switches are the core of your network.', 'start': 69.623, 'duration': 3.001}, {'end': 76.085, 'text': 'Everything on your network connects to a switch at the end of the day.', 'start': 72.924, 'duration': 3.161}, {'end': 85.069, 'text': "So if you buy the wrong switch or you install the wrong switch or you don't know how to troubleshoot switches, that's a real problem.", 'start': 76.746, 'duration': 8.323}, {'end': 90.612, 'text': "So give me a second to set a few things up and then we'll go into the class understanding switches.", 'start': 85.51, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 99.834, 'text': 'So the first thing that we need to do is kind of define what a switch is.', 'start': 96.67, 'duration': 3.164}], 'summary': 'An introduction to the importance and functions of switches in networks, highlighting the necessity of understanding and selecting the right switch.', 'duration': 69.984, 'max_score': 29.85, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI29850.jpg'}], 'start': 5.325, 'title': 'Understanding switches', 'summary': 'Delves into the importance of understanding switches, emphasizing their role as the core of a network and the need to consider their functionalities beyond basic connectivity to connect computers, printers, servers, and routers.', 'chapters': [{'end': 99.834, 'start': 5.325, 'title': 'Understanding switches', 'summary': 'Delves into the importance of understanding switches, highlighting their role as the core of a network, connecting computers, printers, servers, and routers, and emphasizes the need to consider their functionalities beyond basic connectivity.', 'duration': 94.509, 'highlights': ['Switches are the core of a network, connecting all devices, making their correct selection and troubleshooting vital.', 'Switches have advanced functionalities beyond basic connectivity, running protocols and performing complex tasks.', 'Many consultants overlook the capabilities of switches, viewing them solely as devices for connecting computers.']}], 'duration': 94.509, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI5325.jpg', 'highlights': ['Switches are the core of a network, connecting all devices, making their correct selection and troubleshooting vital.', 'Switches have advanced functionalities beyond basic connectivity, running protocols and performing complex tasks.', 'Many consultants overlook the capabilities of switches, viewing them solely as devices for connecting computers.']}, {'end': 691.545, 'segs': [{'end': 397.934, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 356.841, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 366.689, 'text': 'The problem is, as you start scaling up this hub and you have more and more and more and more and more computers all trying to talk,', 'start': 356.841, 'duration': 9.848}, {'end': 370.192, 'text': 'these collisions start happening more and more often.', 'start': 366.689, 'duration': 3.503}, {'end': 372.013, 'text': "So there's more and more.", 'start': 370.292, 'duration': 1.721}, {'end': 378.138, 'text': "You get 20 computers all connected to a hub, there's more chance that there will be these packet collisions.", 'start': 372.033, 'duration': 6.105}, {'end': 383.642, 'text': 'If there are the packet collisions, then the computers that are trying to talk all randomly wait a period of time.', 'start': 378.198, 'duration': 5.444}, {'end': 388.406, 'text': 'this can all culminate into something called a broadcast storm,', 'start': 384.543, 'duration': 3.863}, {'end': 393.25, 'text': 'where basically all the computers on the network are trying to talk at the exact same time.', 'start': 388.406, 'duration': 4.844}, {'end': 397.934, 'text': "they're all getting collision signals, they're all waiting random amounts of time.", 'start': 393.25, 'duration': 4.684}], 'summary': 'As the number of computers connected to a hub increases, the likelihood of packet collisions and broadcast storms also increases.', 'duration': 41.093, 'max_score': 356.841, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI356841.jpg'}, {'end': 641.548, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 614.65, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 624.098, 'text': 'Now again, the nice part is, if computer 3 then decides to talk to computer 4, when it sends a packet, The switch learns oh, I see,', 'start': 614.65, 'duration': 9.448}, {'end': 627.02, 'text': 'computer 3 is connected to port 3..', 'start': 624.098, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 634.964, 'text': 'It already knows where computer 4 is, and so it only sends the information out to port 4.', 'start': 627.02, 'duration': 7.944}, {'end': 641.548, 'text': 'See how that works? Basically now, the switch starts learning where all the computers are.', 'start': 634.964, 'duration': 6.584}], 'summary': 'Switch learns the locations of connected computers, reducing unnecessary data transmission.', 'duration': 26.898, 'max_score': 614.65, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI614650.jpg'}], 'start': 100.235, 'title': 'Importance of switch in networking', 'summary': 'Details the limitations of hubs causing bandwidth congestion, packet collisions, and broadcast storms, leading to network slowdown and standstill. it also compares the drawbacks of hubs with the benefits of switches in preventing broadcast storms and enabling simultaneous communication between computers.', 'chapters': [{'end': 432.787, 'start': 100.235, 'title': 'Importance of switch in networking', 'summary': 'Explains the limitations of hubs in network communication, detailing how they cause bandwidth congestion, packet collisions, and broadcast storms, leading to network slowdown and standstill.', 'duration': 332.552, 'highlights': ['Hubs cause bandwidth congestion due to sending all communication to every connected computer, leading to reduced network performance. reduced network performance', 'Packet collisions occur in hubs when multiple computers attempt to communicate simultaneously, leading to network slowdown and reset of communication. network slowdown', 'Broadcast storms can occur in hub-based networks, causing all computers to attempt communication simultaneously, leading to network standstill. network standstill']}, {'end': 691.545, 'start': 433.227, 'title': 'Switch vs. hub', 'summary': 'Discusses the drawbacks of hubs, the benefits of switches in preventing broadcast storms, and how switches enable simultaneous communication between computers, making them superior to hubs.', 'duration': 258.318, 'highlights': ['Switches prevent broadcast storms by allowing simultaneous communication between computers, unlike hubs, which can only facilitate one computer to talk at a time. Switches enable simultaneous communication between computers, preventing broadcast storms, unlike hubs which can only facilitate one computer to talk at a time.', 'Switches have the ability to learn the locations of connected computers and only send data to the appropriate port, enabling multiple simultaneous communications within the network. Switches have the ability to learn the locations of connected computers and only send data to the appropriate port, enabling multiple simultaneous communications within the network.', 'Hubs are obsolete and inefficient, causing broadcast storms and hindering network performance, while switches are essential for efficient and simultaneous communication between connected devices. Hubs are obsolete and inefficient, causing broadcast storms and hindering network performance, while switches are essential for efficient and simultaneous communication between connected devices.']}], 'duration': 591.31, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI100235.jpg', 'highlights': ['Switches prevent broadcast storms by enabling simultaneous communication between computers.', 'Switches have the ability to learn the locations of connected computers and only send data to the appropriate port, enabling multiple simultaneous communications within the network.', 'Hubs cause bandwidth congestion due to sending all communication to every connected computer, leading to reduced network performance.', 'Packet collisions occur in hubs when multiple computers attempt to communicate simultaneously, leading to network slowdown and reset of communication.', 'Broadcast storms can occur in hub-based networks, causing all computers to attempt communication simultaneously, leading to network standstill.']}, {'end': 1082.51, 'segs': [{'end': 724.104, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 691.965, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 699.009, 'text': 'With switches, now you can have 50 computers all carrying on conversations at the exact same time.', 'start': 691.965, 'duration': 7.044}, {'end': 700.01, 'text': 'Very useful.', 'start': 699.53, 'duration': 0.48}, {'end': 704.632, 'text': 'Now, what we should talk about with this is switches.', 'start': 700.81, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 707.074, 'text': 'We talked about the OSI model before.', 'start': 705.293, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 712.537, 'text': 'Well, switches reside at layer 2 of the OSI model.', 'start': 707.494, 'duration': 5.043}, {'end': 724.104, 'text': "The reason they reside, or they're said to reside at layer 2, is the way that the switch learns where the computers are connected to the switch.", 'start': 713.257, 'duration': 10.847}], 'summary': 'Switches enable 50 simultaneous conversations, reside at layer 2 of osi model.', 'duration': 32.139, 'max_score': 691.965, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI691965.jpg'}, {'end': 780.345, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 757.891, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 765.935, 'text': 'Basically, MAC addresses look like 00.1D.24.68.', 'start': 757.891, 'duration': 8.044}, {'end': 766.776, 'text': "This isn't a real one.", 'start': 766.096, 'duration': 0.68}, {'end': 768.717, 'text': 'This is what MAC addresses look like.', 'start': 767.137, 'duration': 1.58}, {'end': 774.381, 'text': 'What you should understand, just understand about MAC addresses, all MAC addresses are unique.', 'start': 769.878, 'duration': 4.503}, {'end': 780.345, 'text': 'The first half of the MAC address is an identifier for the manufacturer of the equipment.', 'start': 775.221, 'duration': 5.124}], 'summary': 'Mac addresses are unique, with the first half identifying the manufacturer.', 'duration': 22.454, 'max_score': 757.891, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI757891.jpg'}, {'end': 1063.651, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1017.501, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1025.005, 'text': 'So managed switches allow you to actually go into the switch and set configurations.', 'start': 1017.501, 'duration': 7.504}, {'end': 1029.288, 'text': "So in a minute, we're going to talk about all the different types of configurations that you can set.", 'start': 1025.185, 'duration': 4.103}, {'end': 1039.435, 'text': 'But basically, a managed switch allows you to set those configurations, things like speed, duplex, VLANs, quality of service, or class of service.', 'start': 1029.729, 'duration': 9.706}, {'end': 1044.678, 'text': 'All of these things, a managed switch allows you to go in and to actually play with.', 'start': 1039.935, 'duration': 4.743}, {'end': 1053.744, 'text': "It's just very important that you understand this because if you need a managed switch and you buy an unmanaged switch, that's a problem.", 'start': 1045.259, 'duration': 8.485}, {'end': 1059.008, 'text': 'Managed switches are going to be a lot more expensive than unmanaged switches, at least twice the cost.', 'start': 1054.485, 'duration': 4.523}, {'end': 1063.651, 'text': "But depending on what you're doing, it really might be worth it.", 'start': 1059.648, 'duration': 4.003}], 'summary': 'Managed switches allow configurations like speed, duplex, vlans, at least twice the cost of unmanaged switches.', 'duration': 46.15, 'max_score': 1017.501, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1017501.jpg'}], 'start': 691.965, 'title': 'Switches and their roles', 'summary': 'Discusses switches enabling 50 computers to communicate simultaneously, their placement in layer 2 of the osi model, and the unique and manufacturer-identifiable nature of mac addresses. it also explains the difference between managed and unmanaged switches, highlighting the configurable options of managed switches, such as speed, duplex, vlans, quality of service, and class of service.', 'chapters': [{'end': 920.286, 'start': 691.965, 'title': 'Switches and mac addresses', 'summary': 'Explains the role of switches in enabling 50 computers to communicate simultaneously, their placement in layer 2 of the osi model, and the unique and manufacturer-identifiable nature of mac addresses.', 'duration': 228.321, 'highlights': ['Switches enable 50 computers to communicate simultaneously Switches allow 50 computers to carry on conversations at the exact same time, improving network efficiency.', 'Switches reside at layer 2 of the OSI model Switches are situated in layer 2 of the OSI model, enabling efficient communication within a network.', 'MAC addresses are unique and manufacturer-identifiable MAC addresses are unique identifiers for networking devices, with the first half representing the manufacturer and the second half serving as a unique serial number.']}, {'end': 1082.51, 'start': 926.127, 'title': 'Managed vs unmanaged switches', 'summary': 'Explains the difference between managed and unmanaged switches, highlighting that managed switches offer configurable options such as speed, duplex, vlans, quality of service, and class of service, while unmanaged switches are automatic and significantly cheaper.', 'duration': 156.383, 'highlights': ['Managed switches offer configurable options such as speed, duplex, VLANs, quality of service, and class of service, while unmanaged switches are automatic and significantly cheaper.', 'Managed switches are at least twice as expensive as unmanaged switches, but may be worth the cost depending on the specific requirements.', 'Unmanaged switches are completely automatic, with no user-configurable options, making them plug-and-play devices.', 'Understanding the difference between managed and unmanaged switches is crucial to avoid purchasing the wrong type for specific networking needs.']}], 'duration': 390.545, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI691965.jpg', 'highlights': ['Switches enable 50 computers to communicate simultaneously, improving network efficiency.', 'MAC addresses are unique identifiers for networking devices, representing the manufacturer and a unique serial number.', 'Managed switches offer configurable options such as speed, duplex, VLANs, quality of service, and class of service.', 'Unmanaged switches are automatic and significantly cheaper, while managed switches are at least twice as expensive but may be worth the cost depending on specific requirements.']}, {'end': 2165.982, 'segs': [{'end': 1454.318, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1426.564, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1430.006, 'text': 'Like I say, you can hard code the switch ports, or you can leave it automatic.', 'start': 1426.564, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 1434.828, 'text': 'So most people do still leave all the ports on their switches automatic.', 'start': 1430.046, 'duration': 4.782}, {'end': 1440.751, 'text': "But if you're having specific problems, like I say, your server isn't communicating properly, et cetera,", 'start': 1435.428, 'duration': 5.323}, {'end': 1446.074, 'text': 'you can hard code the port on your switch to be 100 megabits per second full duplex.', 'start': 1440.751, 'duration': 5.323}, {'end': 1451.036, 'text': 'And then you go to the server, and on your server, you hard code for 100 megabits per second, full duplex.', 'start': 1446.234, 'duration': 4.802}, {'end': 1454.318, 'text': 'And a lot of times, that will actually fix a lot of problems.', 'start': 1451.096, 'duration': 3.222}], 'summary': 'Consider hard coding switch ports for troubleshooting specific communication issues, which can often fix problems.', 'duration': 27.754, 'max_score': 1426.564, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1426564.jpg'}, {'end': 1540.613, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1514.218, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1518.881, 'text': 'the backplane could handle up to 32 gigabits per second of communication.', 'start': 1514.218, 'duration': 4.663}, {'end': 1525.046, 'text': 'So that meant that basically every single port on that switch could be communicated at the exact same time.', 'start': 1518.961, 'duration': 6.085}, {'end': 1533.381, 'text': 'This is a problem, like I say, is if you go out and you try to buy cheap switches or no-name brands, All the ports may be 10,', 'start': 1525.526, 'duration': 7.855}, {'end': 1538.913, 'text': '100 megabit per second or even gigabit per second speed, but the backplane, the brains.', 'start': 1533.381, 'duration': 5.532}, {'end': 1540.613, 'text': 'what connects all this together?', 'start': 1538.913, 'duration': 1.7}], 'summary': 'Backplane can handle 32 gbps, enabling simultaneous communication across all ports.', 'duration': 26.395, 'max_score': 1514.218, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1514218.jpg'}, {'end': 1590.32, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1563.231, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1567.275, 'text': 'Full duplex is can a device talk and listen at the same time.', 'start': 1563.231, 'duration': 4.044}, {'end': 1571.679, 'text': 'Half duplex is that it can talk or it can listen.', 'start': 1567.715, 'duration': 3.964}, {'end': 1573.801, 'text': 'And then finally, the backplane.', 'start': 1572.379, 'duration': 1.422}, {'end': 1574.962, 'text': 'The backplane is really important.', 'start': 1573.841, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 1583.131, 'text': 'say once you start getting into enterprise environments or once you start having clients with 50 computers all connected to a switch.', 'start': 1575.162, 'duration': 7.969}, {'end': 1590.32, 'text': "remember if that backplane doesn't have enough bandwidth, then the computers are going to have problems.", 'start': 1583.131, 'duration': 7.189}], 'summary': 'Full duplex allows device to talk and listen simultaneously, while half duplex allows either talking or listening. backplane bandwidth is crucial for network performance in enterprise environments.', 'duration': 27.089, 'max_score': 1563.231, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1563231.jpg'}, {'end': 1683.706, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1657.97, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1664.595, 'text': 'So if all these computers are trying to get out to the internet or trying to get to another switch on the network,', 'start': 1657.97, 'duration': 6.625}, {'end': 1670.619, 'text': 'this GBIC connection here can actually handle up to 10 gigabits per second of connection speed.', 'start': 1664.595, 'duration': 6.024}, {'end': 1675.523, 'text': "So basically, with a trunk port, it's a way to connect multiple switches together.", 'start': 1671.019, 'duration': 4.504}, {'end': 1683.706, 'text': "those trunk ports can handle much more data because you may have all 48 ports trying to get through something that's on that trunk line.", 'start': 1676.263, 'duration': 7.443}], 'summary': 'Gbic connection can handle up to 10 gigabits per second of connection speed, enabling faster data transfer for multiple switches.', 'duration': 25.736, 'max_score': 1657.97, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1657970.jpg'}, {'end': 1758.221, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1722.246, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1725.488, 'text': 'Now you can only set up a VLAN on a managed switch,', 'start': 1722.246, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 1730.37, 'text': 'so you know a Cisco switch or a high-end switch that you can actually go in and set configurations.', 'start': 1725.488, 'duration': 4.882}, {'end': 1740.076, 'text': 'So what a VLAN allows you to do is it allows you to actually separate the ports on a switch into different networks.', 'start': 1731.051, 'duration': 9.025}, {'end': 1748.31, 'text': "So let's say we talked before about MDFs and IDFs in that physical network segmentation class.", 'start': 1741.061, 'duration': 7.249}, {'end': 1758.221, 'text': "But let's say you have multiple network cabling all running back to one IDF or one main wiring closet.", 'start': 1749.01, 'duration': 9.211}], 'summary': 'Vlans on managed switches separate switch ports into different networks.', 'duration': 35.975, 'max_score': 1722.246, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1722246.jpg'}, {'end': 2011.762, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1980.357, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 1985.862, 'text': 'you could literally power that surveillance camera simply off the Ethernet cable or a telephone.', 'start': 1980.357, 'duration': 5.505}, {'end': 1992.247, 'text': 'You could just plug in a telephone and that telephone line would have, or the network cable would have,', 'start': 1985.942, 'duration': 6.305}, {'end': 1994.89, 'text': 'enough power coming through it to actually power a telephone.', 'start': 1992.247, 'duration': 2.643}, {'end': 2000.274, 'text': 'Now, you know, even going forward, actually has enough power to power a full laptop computer.', 'start': 1995.13, 'duration': 5.144}, {'end': 2011.762, 'text': 'So basically what power over Ethernet does is not only does the switch send data down the line, but it also sends power.', 'start': 2000.855, 'duration': 10.907}], 'summary': 'Power over ethernet can power surveillance cameras, telephones, and even full laptop computers through the network cable.', 'duration': 31.405, 'max_score': 1980.357, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1980357.jpg'}, {'end': 2131.382, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2106.147, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 2112.23, 'text': 'then your switch could send far more power to the device than it needs, or it could send not enough power to the device.', 'start': 2106.147, 'duration': 6.083}, {'end': 2114.251, 'text': 'So you could really have problems.', 'start': 2112.93, 'duration': 1.321}, {'end': 2118.013, 'text': "Again, I would say if you're using power over Ethernet, just buy good stuff.", 'start': 2114.351, 'duration': 3.662}, {'end': 2120.375, 'text': 'Buy Cisco, buy good quality stuff,', 'start': 2118.273, 'duration': 2.102}, {'end': 2126.338, 'text': "because there is community communication between the two things and you can fry a device or the device wouldn't work right, etc.", 'start': 2120.375, 'duration': 5.963}, {'end': 2131.382, 'text': 'The other thing to realize with power over Ethernet, just like the backplane of a switch,', 'start': 2126.899, 'duration': 4.483}], 'summary': 'Ensure proper power supply in poe, use high-quality equipment like cisco to avoid communication issues and device damage.', 'duration': 25.235, 'max_score': 2106.147, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2106147.jpg'}], 'start': 1089.417, 'title': 'Network switch configuration', 'summary': 'Covers switch speed and duplex settings for 10, 100, and 1000 megabits per second connections, full duplex and half duplex communication, the importance of backplane capacity, trunk ports, vlans, and power over ethernet, with switches capable of providing up to 12.9 watts of power.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1288.208, 'start': 1089.417, 'title': 'Switch speed and duplex settings', 'summary': 'Discusses switch speeds and duplex settings, explaining the compatibility of switches with 10, 100, and 1000 megabits per second connections, the automatic detection of connection speeds by unmanaged switches, and the benefits of hard coding speeds in managed switches to avoid potential issues with automatic detection.', 'duration': 198.791, 'highlights': ['Switches can support 10, 100, or 1000 megabits per second connections, ensuring compatibility with various computer speeds.', 'Unmanaged switches automatically detect and set the port to the appropriate speed, while managed switches allow hard coding of port speeds for better control and stability.', "Hard coding switch and server speeds to one gigabit per second on a data center's network helps ensure smooth delivery of video classes without potential speed detection issues.", 'Automatic detection of connection speeds by unmanaged switches can sometimes lead to flaky behaviors, highlighting the advantage of hard coding speeds in managed switches for precise configuration.', 'Understanding the concept of duplex is essential for optimizing network performance and stability.']}, {'end': 1583.131, 'start': 1288.508, 'title': 'Network speeds, duplex, and backplane', 'summary': 'Explains the concepts of full duplex and half duplex communication and highlights the importance of the backplane in switches, emphasizing the need for sufficient backplane capacity to handle simultaneous communication.', 'duration': 294.623, 'highlights': ['The backplane is crucial for switches as it connects all ports and determines the total capacity for simultaneous communication. The backplane is what connects all of these ports together, and you have to note the total capacity of the backplane when going out to buy a switch. For instance, a 48 port Cisco switch had a backplane that could handle up to 32 gigabits per second of communication.', 'Explanation of full duplex and half duplex communication, with the example of walkie talkies for half duplex and cell phones for full duplex. Full duplex allows a device to talk and listen at the same time, while half duplex can only talk or listen at any one moment. The analogy of walkie talkies is used to illustrate half duplex, where the device cannot talk and listen simultaneously, contrasting with full duplex communication, similar to cell phones.', "Importance of ensuring sufficient backplane capacity to avoid communication problems in switches. If the backplane can't handle communication from all the ports simultaneously, it can lead to problems, emphasizing the need to consider backplane capacity when purchasing switches to avoid communication issues."]}, {'end': 1931.393, 'start': 1583.131, 'title': 'Networking basics: speed, trunk ports, and vlans', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of backplane bandwidth for computer speed, the role of trunk ports in connecting switches, and the use of vlans to separate networks on a switch, emphasizing the need for routers to enable communication between vlans.', 'duration': 348.262, 'highlights': ['Backplane bandwidth is crucial for computer speed, and the lack of it can lead to network problems. The backplane bandwidth is crucial for computer speed, and the lack of it can lead to network problems.', 'Managed switches offer trunk ports for connecting multiple switches, with the possibility of fiber optic trunk ports in high-end switches capable of handling up to 10 gigabits per second of connection speed. Managed switches offer trunk ports for connecting multiple switches, with the possibility of fiber optic trunk ports in high-end switches capable of handling up to 10 gigabits per second of connection speed.', 'VLANs on a managed switch allow the separation of ports into different networks, preventing communication between devices on different VLANs unless connected via a router. VLANs on a managed switch allow the separation of ports into different networks, preventing communication between devices on different VLANs unless connected via a router.']}, {'end': 2165.982, 'start': 1938.759, 'title': 'Power over ethernet', 'summary': "Discusses the concept of power over ethernet (poe) where a switch not only sends data but also provides power, enabling devices like surveillance cameras and telephones to be powered through the ethernet cable, with the switch capable of providing up to 12.9 watts of power. the importance of using high-quality poe devices and considering the switch's total wattage capacity is emphasized.", 'duration': 227.223, 'highlights': ['Switches can provide power over Ethernet, enabling devices like surveillance cameras and telephones to be powered through the Ethernet cable. Devices such as surveillance cameras and telephones can be powered through the Ethernet cable, eliminating the need for separate power cables.', 'Switches are capable of providing up to 12.9 watts of power through the Ethernet cable. The switches can deliver up to 12.9 watts of power, allowing for the efficient powering of various devices connected to the network.', 'Using high-quality power over Ethernet devices is crucial due to the communication routine between the switch and the powered device, as cheap devices may result in sending incorrect power levels and potentially damaging the device. It is emphasized to use high-quality power over Ethernet devices as there is a communication routine between the switch and the powered device, and cheap devices may send incorrect power levels, potentially damaging the device.', "Consideration of the switch's total wattage capacity is important, as it determines the number of devices that can be connected and powered simultaneously. The total wattage capacity of the switch must be considered to determine the number of devices that can be connected and powered simultaneously, ensuring efficient utilization of power resources."]}], 'duration': 1076.565, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI1089417.jpg', 'highlights': ['Managed switches allow hard coding of port speeds for better control and stability.', 'Understanding the concept of duplex is essential for optimizing network performance and stability.', 'The backplane is crucial for switches as it connects all ports and determines the total capacity for simultaneous communication.', 'Importance of ensuring sufficient backplane capacity to avoid communication problems in switches.', 'Managed switches offer trunk ports for connecting multiple switches, with the possibility of fiber optic trunk ports in high-end switches capable of handling up to 10 gigabits per second of connection speed.', 'VLANs on a managed switch allow the separation of ports into different networks, preventing communication between devices on different VLANs unless connected via a router.', 'Switches can provide power over Ethernet, enabling devices like surveillance cameras and telephones to be powered through the Ethernet cable.', 'Using high-quality power over Ethernet devices is crucial due to the communication routine between the switch and the powered device, as cheap devices may result in sending incorrect power levels and potentially damaging the device.']}, {'end': 2580.064, 'segs': [{'end': 2252.73, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2166.363, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2170.406, 'text': "But like I say, if you're buying a Cisco power over Ethernet device, that is one of the things they'll tell you.", 'start': 2166.363, 'duration': 4.043}, {'end': 2177.153, 'text': "They'll say how much power it can put out per port, and then it can say how much power the entire device can put out.", 'start': 2170.426, 'duration': 6.727}, {'end': 2186.822, 'text': 'Because, like I say, even if all 48 ports are power over Ethernet, the total load may not be able to support 48 ports worth of power over Ethernet.', 'start': 2177.473, 'duration': 9.349}, {'end': 2189.743, 'text': "So basically, that's all power over Ethernet is.", 'start': 2187.682, 'duration': 2.061}, {'end': 2191.624, 'text': 'It is a godsend.', 'start': 2189.863, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 2192.585, 'text': 'It is fabulous.', 'start': 2191.664, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 2193.466, 'text': 'It is wonderful.', 'start': 2192.625, 'duration': 0.841}, {'end': 2194.746, 'text': "I've used it.", 'start': 2194.146, 'duration': 0.6}, {'end': 2196.187, 'text': "It's just great.", 'start': 2194.766, 'duration': 1.421}, {'end': 2201.17, 'text': 'Because like I say, your power and your network connection just runs over that little Cat5 cable.', 'start': 2196.247, 'duration': 4.923}, {'end': 2204.652, 'text': "Again, like I say, for wireless access points, it's a dream.", 'start': 2201.27, 'duration': 3.382}, {'end': 2208.354, 'text': "For megapixel surveillance cameras, it's wonderful.", 'start': 2205.693, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 2210.556, 'text': "For phone systems, it's great.", 'start': 2208.415, 'duration': 2.141}, {'end': 2217.343, 'text': 'And now, like I say, the version 3 over Ethernet is actually going to put out enough power to power a laptop.', 'start': 2210.916, 'duration': 6.427}, {'end': 2221.253, 'text': "So you can just plug your laptop straight into a network connection, and that's it.", 'start': 2217.383, 'duration': 3.87}, {'end': 2221.654, 'text': "You're done.", 'start': 2221.354, 'duration': 0.3}, {'end': 2223.88, 'text': "Great So that's power over Ethernet.", 'start': 2222.156, 'duration': 1.724}, {'end': 2231.741, 'text': "Now we've been talking a lot about convergence today.", 'start': 2229.44, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 2240.044, 'text': 'So convergence is, like I say, all these new or old technologies are now trying to use internet or the network.', 'start': 2231.861, 'duration': 8.183}, {'end': 2243.826, 'text': 'So like I say, telephone systems used to just use telephone cabling.', 'start': 2240.184, 'duration': 3.642}, {'end': 2247.227, 'text': 'Now we have voice over IP telephones that use the network.', 'start': 2244.266, 'duration': 2.961}, {'end': 2251.169, 'text': 'Surveillance cameras used to use their own coax cables.', 'start': 2248.168, 'duration': 3.001}, {'end': 2252.73, 'text': "Now they're using the network.", 'start': 2251.589, 'duration': 1.141}], 'summary': 'Power over ethernet provides power and network connection over cat5 cable, suitable for devices like wireless access points, surveillance cameras, and even laptops.', 'duration': 86.367, 'max_score': 2166.363, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2166363.jpg'}, {'end': 2351.628, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2321.683, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 2325.226, 'text': "It has something called headers on it and it's how things get rattled.", 'start': 2321.683, 'duration': 3.543}, {'end': 2333.775, 'text': 'Well basically, what quality of service or class of service does is it prioritizes packets based on what the packet is.', 'start': 2325.867, 'duration': 7.908}, {'end': 2341.222, 'text': 'So basically, a voice over IP packet is considered higher priority than a file sharing packet.', 'start': 2333.935, 'duration': 7.287}, {'end': 2351.628, 'text': 'You know, a live video stream is a lower priority than a voice over IP packet, but again, a higher priority than downloading your email.', 'start': 2341.602, 'duration': 10.026}], 'summary': 'Quality of service prioritizes packets based on type: voip > file sharing > live video > email.', 'duration': 29.945, 'max_score': 2321.683, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2321683.jpg'}, {'end': 2382.446, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2359.433, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2367.778, 'text': "But what this does is it makes sure your entire bandwidth doesn't get bogged down again with people sharing files or just doing just stupid stuff on the network.", 'start': 2359.433, 'duration': 8.345}, {'end': 2372.22, 'text': 'By using quality of service or class of service, you prioritize your pockets.', 'start': 2368.198, 'duration': 4.022}, {'end': 2375.182, 'text': 'So like I say, voice over IP is always the top.', 'start': 2372.681, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 2379.604, 'text': 'So basically, voice over IP will always be able to get through.', 'start': 2375.602, 'duration': 4.002}, {'end': 2382.446, 'text': 'Live video cameras will be below that.', 'start': 2380.745, 'duration': 1.701}], 'summary': 'Prioritize voice over ip with quality of service to ensure bandwidth availability.', 'duration': 23.013, 'max_score': 2359.433, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2359433.jpg'}, {'end': 2564.398, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2538.708, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2543.31, 'text': "There's something called RIP, there's something called Open Shortest Path First, Spanning Tree Protocol.", 'start': 2538.708, 'duration': 4.602}, {'end': 2544.31, 'text': "That's what we're talking about now.", 'start': 2543.35, 'duration': 0.96}, {'end': 2547.652, 'text': 'Spanning Tree Protocol is used by switches.', 'start': 2544.931, 'duration': 2.721}, {'end': 2558.97, 'text': 'What this does is it allows the switches to talk to each other and be able to route packets the fastest way possible between multiple switches.', 'start': 2549.597, 'duration': 9.373}, {'end': 2564.398, 'text': 'So, like I said, if you have five or six switches all connected together using this trunk,', 'start': 2559.03, 'duration': 5.368}], 'summary': 'Spanning tree protocol allows switches to route packets efficiently between multiple switches.', 'duration': 25.69, 'max_score': 2538.708, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2538708.jpg'}], 'start': 2166.363, 'title': 'Poe, voip, and network protocols', 'summary': 'Discusses the benefits and applications of power over ethernet (poe), including its uses for wireless access points and surveillance cameras, as well as the challenges of network convergence. it also covers the importance of quality of service for voice over ip and the significance of spanning tree protocol for efficient packet routing.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2274.167, 'start': 2166.363, 'title': 'Power over ethernet and network convergence', 'summary': 'Discusses the benefits and applications of power over ethernet (poe) in delivering power and network connection through a single cable, highlighting its uses for wireless access points, surveillance cameras, and the upcoming ability to power laptops, as well as the challenges of network convergence.', 'duration': 107.804, 'highlights': ['Power over Ethernet (PoE) can supply different power levels per port and may not be able to support the full power load for all ports, even if all 48 ports are PoE-enabled.', 'The versatility of PoE is evident in its applications for wireless access points, megapixel surveillance cameras, and phone systems, providing a convenient power and network solution.', 'The upcoming version 3 of PoE will have the capability to power a laptop, enabling direct laptop connection to the network through a PoE-enabled port.', 'Network convergence presents challenges as various technologies are now utilizing the network for communication, leading to potential communication issues due to the increased network use by different devices and systems.']}, {'end': 2580.064, 'start': 2274.688, 'title': 'Voice over ip and network protocols', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of quality of service in prioritizing voice over ip packets over other types of data on a network, and the significance of spanning tree protocol for enabling switches to route packets efficiently between multiple switches.', 'duration': 305.376, 'highlights': ['Quality of Service prioritizes voice over IP packets over other types of data on a network, ensuring a fast connection for voice communication. QoS or class of service prioritizes packets based on their type, with voice over IP packets given higher priority than file sharing packets and live video stream packets given lower priority than voice over IP packets.', 'The Spanning Tree Protocol allows switches to communicate and route packets efficiently, finding the fastest way to send packets between multiple switches. Spanning Tree Protocol enables switches to talk to each other and route packets through the fastest path possible, particularly beneficial when multiple switches are interconnected in a network.']}], 'duration': 413.701, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2166363.jpg', 'highlights': ['The upcoming version 3 of PoE will have the capability to power a laptop, enabling direct laptop connection to the network through a PoE-enabled port.', 'The versatility of PoE is evident in its applications for wireless access points, megapixel surveillance cameras, and phone systems, providing a convenient power and network solution.', 'Quality of Service prioritizes voice over IP packets over other types of data on a network, ensuring a fast connection for voice communication.', 'The Spanning Tree Protocol allows switches to communicate and route packets efficiently, finding the fastest way to send packets between multiple switches.', 'Network convergence presents challenges as various technologies are now utilizing the network for communication, leading to potential communication issues due to the increased network use by different devices and systems.', 'Power over Ethernet (PoE) can supply different power levels per port and may not be able to support the full power load for all ports, even if all 48 ports are PoE-enabled.', 'QoS or class of service prioritizes packets based on their type, with voice over IP packets given higher priority than file sharing packets and live video stream packets given lower priority than voice over IP packets.']}, {'end': 3483.8, 'segs': [{'end': 2757.759, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2715.631, 'weight': 0.763, 'content': [{'end': 2725.255, 'text': 'So basically you have a big switch in the back, in the MDF, one cable comes, it goes into here, and then goes back out and comes back.', 'start': 2715.631, 'duration': 9.624}, {'end': 2733.619, 'text': 'And then, like I say, this loop starts working, and then after a minute or two, the entire network will shut down.', 'start': 2725.736, 'duration': 7.883}, {'end': 2734.96, 'text': 'It really, really does happen.', 'start': 2733.899, 'duration': 1.061}, {'end': 2746.029, 'text': "So that's why if you're dealing with a business class, an enterprise network, again with 50 or more users, get again, I would say, a Cisco switch.", 'start': 2736.041, 'duration': 9.988}, {'end': 2750.793, 'text': 'It uses something, like I said, called Open Shortest Path or Spanning Tree Protocol.', 'start': 2746.31, 'duration': 4.483}, {'end': 2753.316, 'text': 'And the biggest thing with Spanning Tree Protocol it does.', 'start': 2751.154, 'duration': 2.162}, {'end': 2757.759, 'text': 'Spanning Tree Protocol does a lot of other cool stuff, but the main thing it does is it prevents loops.', 'start': 2753.316, 'duration': 4.443}], 'summary': 'For enterprise networks with 50+ users, use a cisco switch with spanning tree protocol to prevent network shutdown due to loops.', 'duration': 42.128, 'max_score': 2715.631, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2715631.jpg'}, {'end': 2787.635, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2757.819, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2760.362, 'text': 'If it sees a loop, it shuts that loop down.', 'start': 2757.819, 'duration': 2.543}, {'end': 2767.345, 'text': 'Because, believe me, like I say, once you get 50 or 100 people all doing stupid stuff in an office, they can just do the most moronic crap,', 'start': 2760.922, 'duration': 6.423}, {'end': 2768.586, 'text': 'and this happens.', 'start': 2767.345, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 2773.008, 'text': 'I literally had this happen with one of the networks that I was cleaning up for a client.', 'start': 2769.206, 'duration': 3.802}, {'end': 2779.891, 'text': "Their network was actually so bad, that they didn't realize that they had a loop in the network.", 'start': 2774.649, 'duration': 5.242}, {'end': 2787.635, 'text': 'But all the equipment was so bad and the network was so slow, the loop never actually caused the entire network to crash.', 'start': 2780.412, 'duration': 7.223}], 'summary': "A network had a unnoticed loop, but it didn't crash the entire network.", 'duration': 29.816, 'max_score': 2757.819, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2757819.jpg'}, {'end': 3105.764, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3074.773, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3079.395, 'text': "And like I say, with the higher end ones, you'll normally get fiber optic connectors.", 'start': 3074.773, 'duration': 4.622}, {'end': 3082.656, 'text': "But even with lower ones, a lot of times they'll have that trunk connector.", 'start': 3079.855, 'duration': 2.801}, {'end': 3084.997, 'text': "And even if it's still just cat five, they still got it.", 'start': 3082.696, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 3087.678, 'text': "And so that's what you should use to connect your switches together.", 'start': 3085.017, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 3089.318, 'text': 'I talked about VLANs.', 'start': 3088.378, 'duration': 0.94}, {'end': 3091.699, 'text': 'VLANs are virtual LANs.', 'start': 3089.838, 'duration': 1.861}, {'end': 3096.861, 'text': 'Again, until you get into more complicated networking, you probably not deal with this.', 'start': 3092.319, 'duration': 4.542}, {'end': 3105.764, 'text': "But why it's important is it means you can set up different ports on your switch to to be in different LANs.", 'start': 3096.941, 'duration': 8.823}], 'summary': 'Higher end switches come with fiber optic connectors, lower end ones have trunk connectors, and vlans allow setting up different ports in different lans.', 'duration': 30.991, 'max_score': 3074.773, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI3074773.jpg'}, {'end': 3252.962, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3218.191, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3220.312, 'text': 'Cisco calls it CoS, class of service.', 'start': 3218.191, 'duration': 2.121}, {'end': 3225.595, 'text': 'just because what this does is this prioritizes packets.', 'start': 3221.212, 'duration': 4.383}, {'end': 3232.841, 'text': 'So it means that the voice over IP packet has a higher priority than, again streaming video packet,', 'start': 3225.795, 'duration': 7.046}, {'end': 3235.222, 'text': 'which has a higher priority than sharing files packet.', 'start': 3232.841, 'duration': 2.381}, {'end': 3237.424, 'text': 'This is very, very, very, very important.', 'start': 3235.703, 'duration': 1.721}, {'end': 3241.887, 'text': "Again, if you don't really do voice over IP or any of that, then it doesn't matter.", 'start': 3237.604, 'duration': 4.283}, {'end': 3252.962, 'text': "If you're in an enterprise environment and you're using 48 port switches, this is a big deal, because if the packets cannot be prioritized,", 'start': 3242.488, 'duration': 10.474}], 'summary': 'Cos prioritizes packets for voice over ip, streaming video, and sharing files, crucial for enterprise using 48 port switches.', 'duration': 34.771, 'max_score': 3218.191, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI3218191.jpg'}, {'end': 3312.412, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3284.441, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3290.004, 'text': 'The main thing that you should think about with spanning tree protocol is that it prevents what are called router loops.', 'start': 3284.441, 'duration': 5.563}, {'end': 3293.406, 'text': 'It prevents loops from happening on your network.', 'start': 3290.124, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 3300.708, 'text': 'Again, if you get a loop and you have a little cheap unmanaged switch, when you get that loop, your entire network will shut down.', 'start': 3293.466, 'duration': 7.242}, {'end': 3304.17, 'text': "I've seen this again and again and again and again and again and again and again.", 'start': 3300.808, 'duration': 3.362}, {'end': 3305.57, 'text': 'This is not a one-time thing.', 'start': 3304.21, 'duration': 1.36}, {'end': 3306.43, 'text': 'This is not an if.', 'start': 3305.61, 'duration': 0.82}, {'end': 3307.491, 'text': 'This is not a maybe.', 'start': 3306.49, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 3312.412, 'text': 'If somehow one port gets connected to another port, it shuts the entire network down.', 'start': 3307.891, 'duration': 4.521}], 'summary': 'Spanning tree protocol prevents router loops, avoiding network shutdowns. multiple occurrences observed.', 'duration': 27.971, 'max_score': 3284.441, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI3284441.jpg'}, {'end': 3479.691, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 3418.205, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3420.466, 'text': "it's utterly that simple.", 'start': 3418.205, 'duration': 2.261}, {'end': 3427.49, 'text': "so when you're dealing with clients and when you're dealing with yourself, cisco stuff is not that expensive now.", 'start': 3420.466, 'duration': 7.024}, {'end': 3434.393, 'text': "i mean it's more expensive than linksys, of course, but But, like I say, you have to look at what would the downtime cost?", 'start': 3427.49, 'duration': 6.903}, {'end': 3438.576, 'text': 'If you started having problems on the network, what is the overall cost??', 'start': 3434.514, 'duration': 4.062}, {'end': 3444.339, 'text': 'You know a 48 port Cisco 10 100 megabit per second switch.', 'start': 3439.216, 'duration': 5.123}, {'end': 3445.44, 'text': 'I mean it costs you like $1,500 now shipped to you.', 'start': 3444.339, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 3448.442, 'text': 'That is wonderful.', 'start': 3447.441, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 3452.904, 'text': 'You can get $3,000 for a 48-port gig Cisco switch.', 'start': 3448.922, 'duration': 3.982}, {'end': 3453.925, 'text': "I mean, that's amazing.", 'start': 3452.924, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 3461.029, 'text': "So what I would say is whether you like Cisco, whether you like Juniper Networks, HP, I've never played with their stuff, but I guess they're good.", 'start': 3454.005, 'duration': 7.024}, {'end': 3466.152, 'text': 'Just buy high-quality networking equipment, the switches.', 'start': 3461.99, 'duration': 4.162}, {'end': 3472.736, 'text': "I'm telling you, it would just save you so much money and frustration in the long run.", 'start': 3467.153, 'duration': 5.583}, {'end': 3475.902, 'text': "So.. Well, as you know, I'm Eli the Computer Guy.", 'start': 3472.937, 'duration': 2.965}, {'end': 3479.691, 'text': 'This was Understanding Switches, so I hope you understand switches a little better now.', 'start': 3476.042, 'duration': 3.649}], 'summary': 'Invest in high-quality networking equipment to save money and frustration in the long run. a 48-port cisco switch costs $1,500, while a gig cisco switch fetches $3,000.', 'duration': 61.486, 'max_score': 3418.205, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI3418205.jpg'}], 'start': 2580.064, 'title': 'Preventing network loops with switches', 'summary': 'Discusses the risks and consequences of router loops, the importance of using switches to prevent broadcast storms and loops, and the significance of spanning tree protocol in preventing network loops. it also highlights the features of enterprise switches and the cost-effectiveness of high-quality networking equipment such as cisco switches in terms of downtime and overall cost.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2644.709, 'start': 2580.064, 'title': 'Router loop prevention', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of preventing router loops in networks, highlighting the risks and consequences of routing loops, and the lack of spanning tree protocol in low-end switches which can lead to processing power consumption and communication issues.', 'duration': 64.645, 'highlights': ['Routing loops in networks can lead to processing power consumption and communication issues if not prevented, which is especially significant in low-end switches without spanning tree protocol.', 'Connecting a cable from one port to another in low-end switches can lead to a loop, causing communication to spin in a loop and consume processing power, resulting in data not reaching its intended destination.']}, {'end': 3188.952, 'start': 2644.709, 'title': 'Understanding switches and network loops', 'summary': 'Discusses the dangers and consequences of network loops, emphasizing the importance of using switches to prevent broadcast storms and loops, and the features of enterprise switches including vlans, power over ethernet, and trunk connectors.', 'duration': 544.243, 'highlights': ['The importance of using switches to prevent loops and broadcast storms Emphasizes the consequences of network loops and broadcast storms, advocating the use of switches to prevent such issues, citing the example of a network shutting down due to a loop.', 'Features of enterprise switches including VLANs, power over Ethernet, and trunk connectors Explains the functionalities of enterprise switches, such as VLANs for segregating LANs, power over Ethernet for providing power through network cables, and trunk connectors for connecting switches, with emphasis on their benefits and use cases.', 'Discussion on the dangers and consequences of network loops Highlights the risks and consequences of network loops, using real-world examples to illustrate the potential impact on network performance and stability.']}, {'end': 3483.8, 'start': 3193.543, 'title': 'Understanding switches', 'summary': 'Discussed the importance of quality of service (qos) or class of service (cos) for prioritizing packets in enterprise environments using network cable, the significance of spanning tree protocol in preventing network loops, and the cost-effectiveness of high-quality networking equipment such as cisco switches in terms of downtime and overall cost.', 'duration': 290.257, 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the significance of quality of service (QoS) or class of service (CoS) for prioritizing packets in enterprise environments using network cable, with voice over IP packets having higher priority than streaming video and sharing files packets.', 'It highlights the importance of spanning tree protocol in preventing network loops, which can cause entire network shutdowns, especially with the use of cheap unmanaged switches, and recommends Cisco equipment with spanning tree protocol as a lifesaver.', 'The transcript emphasizes the cost-effectiveness of high-quality networking equipment such as Cisco switches, citing the example of a 48-port Cisco switch costing $1,500 and a 48-port gig Cisco switch costing $3,000, and emphasizes the long-term money and frustration saved by investing in high-quality networking equipment.']}], 'duration': 903.736, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/9yYqNqTNnqI/pics/9yYqNqTNnqI2580064.jpg', 'highlights': ['The importance of spanning tree protocol in preventing network loops, especially with the use of cheap unmanaged switches.', 'The significance of quality of service (QoS) or class of service (CoS) for prioritizing packets in enterprise environments.', 'The cost-effectiveness of high-quality networking equipment such as Cisco switches, emphasizing the long-term money and frustration saved by investing in high-quality networking equipment.', 'The dangers and consequences of network loops, using real-world examples to illustrate the potential impact on network performance and stability.', 'The features of enterprise switches including VLANs, power over Ethernet, and trunk connectors, with emphasis on their benefits and use cases.']}], 'highlights': ['Switches enable 50 computers to communicate simultaneously, improving network efficiency.', 'The upcoming version 3 of PoE will have the capability to power a laptop, enabling direct laptop connection to the network through a PoE-enabled port.', 'The versatility of PoE is evident in its applications for wireless access points, megapixel surveillance cameras, and phone systems, providing a convenient power and network solution.', 'Quality of Service prioritizes voice over IP packets over other types of data on a network, ensuring a fast connection for voice communication.', 'The Spanning Tree Protocol allows switches to communicate and route packets efficiently, finding the fastest way to send packets between multiple switches.', 'The importance of spanning tree protocol in preventing network loops, especially with the use of cheap unmanaged switches.', 'The significance of quality of service (QoS) or class of service (CoS) for prioritizing packets in enterprise environments.', 'The cost-effectiveness of high-quality networking equipment such as Cisco switches, emphasizing the long-term money and frustration saved by investing in high-quality networking equipment.', 'The dangers and consequences of network loops, using real-world examples to illustrate the potential impact on network performance and stability.', 'The features of enterprise switches including VLANs, power over Ethernet, and trunk connectors, with emphasis on their benefits and use cases.']}