title
Tyler Cowen: Economic Growth & the Fight Against Conformity & Mediocrity | Lex Fridman Podcast #174

description
Tyler Cowen is an economist, writer, and podcaster. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free - SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex and use code LEX to get a free security camera - Public Goods: https://publicgoods.com/lex and use code LEX to get $15 off EPISODE LINKS: Tyler's Twitter: https://twitter.com/tylercowen Tyler's Blog: https://marginalrevolution.com/ Conversations with Tyler (Podcast): https://conversationswithtyler.com/ Big Business (Book): https://amzn.to/2OBPbaK Tyler's Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyler_Cowen PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 1:50 - Economics 3:42 - Nuclear war 10:29 - The American dream 17:42 - Capitalism: pros and cons 24:16 - Is competition good for the world? 26:19 - Free market 27:24 - Anarchy 29:50 - Ayn Rand 34:31 - The case for big business 38:57 - Clubhouse 44:01 - Loneliness 46:14 - Eric Weinstein and economic growth 50:34 - Communism 53:25 - Putin 58:55 - China 1:03:48 - UBI 1:07:43 - Disagreement with Eric Weinstein 1:11:35 - Money, Bitcoin, and Ethereum 1:19:46 - WallStreetBets 1:23:42 - MIT 1:31:10 - UFO sightings 1:38:29 - Contemporary art is misunderstood 1:45:32 - Mexican food is the best in the world 1:50:22 - Jiro Dreams of Sushi 1:54:25 - Book recommendations 1:56:41 - Advice for young people 2:00:19 - Love 2:06:01 - Mortality 2:07:52 - Meaning of life SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

detail
{'title': 'Tyler Cowen: Economic Growth & the Fight Against Conformity & Mediocrity | Lex Fridman Podcast #174', 'heatmap': [{'end': 7018.399, 'start': 6938.122, 'weight': 0.858}, {'end': 7784.953, 'start': 7719.136, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': "Economist tyler cohen discusses his work, american capitalism, big business impact, u.s. unity, future of cryptocurrency, defi, wall street bets, academia's weirdness, ufo sightings, art, hayek's influence on ai, and mentorship on lex fridman podcast #174.", 'chapters': [{'end': 109.826, 'segs': [{'end': 69.293, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.089, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2.631, 'text': 'The following is a conversation with Tyler Cohen,', 'start': 0.089, 'duration': 2.542}, {'end': 9.998, 'text': 'an economist at George Mason University and co-creator of an amazing economics blog called Marginal Revolution.', 'start': 2.631, 'duration': 7.367}, {'end': 19.626, 'text': 'Author of many books, including The Great Stagnation, Average is Over, and his most recent, Big Business, A Love Letter to an American Antihero.', 'start': 10.418, 'duration': 9.208}, {'end': 24.349, 'text': "He's truly a polymath in his work, including his love for food,", 'start': 20.506, 'duration': 3.843}, {'end': 29.774, 'text': 'which makes this amazing podcast called Conversations with Tyler really fun to listen to.', 'start': 24.349, 'duration': 5.425}, {'end': 36.86, 'text': 'Quick mention of our sponsors, Linode, ExpressVPN, SimpliSafe, and Public Goods.', 'start': 30.975, 'duration': 5.885}, {'end': 40.143, 'text': 'Check them out in the description to support this podcast.', 'start': 37.46, 'duration': 2.683}, {'end': 45.21, 'text': "As a side note, given Tyler's culinary explorations,", 'start': 41.107, 'duration': 4.103}, {'end': 52.016, 'text': 'let me say that one of the things that makes me sad about my love-hate relationship with food is that,', 'start': 45.21, 'duration': 6.806}, {'end': 58.341, 'text': "while I've found a simple diet plain meat and veggies that makes me happy in day-to-day life,", 'start': 52.016, 'duration': 6.325}, {'end': 65.245, 'text': 'I sometimes wish I had the mental ability to moderate consumption of food so that I could truly enjoy meals that go way outside of that diet.', 'start': 58.341, 'duration': 6.904}, {'end': 69.293, 'text': "I've seen my mom, for example, enjoy a single piece of chocolate.", 'start': 66.212, 'duration': 3.081}], 'summary': 'Conversation with economist tyler cohen, co-creator of marginal revolution, on the podcast conversations with tyler.', 'duration': 69.204, 'max_score': 0.089, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor489.jpg'}, {'end': 109.826, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 87.641, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 95.803, 'text': 'I recently was eating cheeseburgers with Joe Rogan and John Donaher late at night in Austin, talking about jiu-jitsu and life,', 'start': 87.641, 'duration': 8.162}, {'end': 103.865, 'text': 'and I was distinctly aware of the magic of that experience, magic made possible by the incredibly delicious cheeseburgers.', 'start': 95.803, 'duration': 8.062}, {'end': 109.826, 'text': 'This is the Lex Friedman Podcast, and here is my conversation with Tyler Cohen.', 'start': 104.545, 'duration': 5.281}], 'summary': 'Lex friedman podcast: conversations with tyler cohen about jiu-jitsu and life over cheeseburgers with joe rogan and john donaher in austin.', 'duration': 22.185, 'max_score': 87.641, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor487641.jpg'}], 'start': 0.089, 'title': "Tyler cohen's work and interests", 'summary': "Delves into the work of tyler cohen, an economist and co-creator of marginal revolution, discussing his latest book 'big business,' his culinary explorations, and podcast sponsors.", 'chapters': [{'end': 109.826, 'start': 0.089, 'title': 'Conversation with tyler cohen', 'summary': 'Discusses the work of tyler cohen, an economist at george mason university and co-creator of the economics blog marginal revolution, as well as his latest book big business, a love letter to an american antihero, and his love for food and culinary explorations, and the sponsors of the podcast.', 'duration': 109.737, 'highlights': ['Tyler Cohen is an economist at George Mason University and co-creator of the economics blog Marginal Revolution, and author of books such as The Great Stagnation, Average is Over, and his most recent, Big Business, A Love Letter to an American Antihero.', 'The podcast is sponsored by Linode, ExpressVPN, SimpliSafe, and Public Goods, which are mentioned in the description to support the podcast.', "The conversation also includes a personal anecdote about the speaker's love-hate relationship with food and the desire to moderate consumption to truly enjoy diverse meals.", 'The speaker shares an experience of eating cheeseburgers with Joe Rogan and John Donaher, highlighting the magic of the experience and the deliciousness of the cheeseburgers.']}], 'duration': 109.737, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor489.jpg', 'highlights': ["Tyler Cohen, economist at George Mason University, co-creator of Marginal Revolution, and author of 'Big Business.'", 'Podcast sponsored by Linode, ExpressVPN, SimpliSafe, and Public Goods to support the podcast.', 'Conversation includes personal anecdote about love-hate relationship with food and desire to moderate consumption.', 'Speaker shares experience of eating cheeseburgers with Joe Rogan and John Donaher, highlighting the magic and deliciousness.']}, {'end': 1044.488, 'segs': [{'end': 134.084, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 111.001, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 120.898, 'text': "Would you say economics is more art or science or philosophy or even magic? What is it? Economics is interesting because it's all of the above.", 'start': 111.001, 'duration': 9.897}, {'end': 126.641, 'text': "To start with magic, the notion that you can make some change and simply everyone's better off.", 'start': 121.478, 'duration': 5.163}, {'end': 130.282, 'text': 'that is a kind of modern magic that has replaced old-style magic.', 'start': 126.641, 'duration': 3.641}, {'end': 134.084, 'text': "It's an art in the sense that the models are not very exact.", 'start': 131.083, 'duration': 3.001}], 'summary': 'Economics is an interesting blend of art, science, philosophy, and modern magic, offering models that are not very exact.', 'duration': 23.083, 'max_score': 111.001, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4111001.jpg'}, {'end': 250.216, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 179.54, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 187.804, 'text': "there's a hope for economics to have those kinds of physics level descriptions and models of the world?", 'start': 179.54, 'duration': 8.264}, {'end': 190.946, 'text': 'Or is it just our desperate attempts as humans to make sense of it,', 'start': 188.124, 'duration': 2.822}, {'end': 199.851, 'text': "even though it's more desperate than rigorous and serious and actually predictable, like a physics type science?", 'start': 190.946, 'duration': 8.905}, {'end': 203.436, 'text': "I don't think economics will ever be very predictive.", 'start': 200.595, 'duration': 2.841}, {'end': 206.838, 'text': "It's most useful for helping you ask better questions.", 'start': 204.177, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 208.819, 'text': 'You look at something like game theory.', 'start': 207.258, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 218.103, 'text': 'Well, game theory never predicted USA and USSR would have a war, would not have a war, but trying to think through the logic of strategic conflict.', 'start': 209.419, 'duration': 8.684}, {'end': 221.185, 'text': "If you know game theory, it's just a much more interesting discussion.", 'start': 218.183, 'duration': 3.002}, {'end': 228.77, 'text': 'Are you surprised that we, speaking of the Soviet Union and United States and speaking of game theory,', 'start': 222.489, 'duration': 6.281}, {'end': 231.931, 'text': "are you surprised that we haven't destroyed ourselves with nuclear weapons yet?", 'start': 228.77, 'duration': 3.161}, {'end': 236.332, 'text': 'Like that simple formulation of mutually assured destruction?', 'start': 232.031, 'duration': 4.301}, {'end': 242.354, 'text': "that's a good example of an explanation that perhaps allows us to ask better questions,", 'start': 236.332, 'duration': 6.022}, {'end': 250.216, 'text': "but it seems to have actually described the reality of why we haven't destroyed ourselves with these ultra powerful weapons.", 'start': 242.354, 'duration': 7.862}], 'summary': 'Economics may not be predictive; it helps ask better questions. game theory provides insight into strategic conflicts and the prevention of nuclear destruction.', 'duration': 70.676, 'max_score': 179.54, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4179540.jpg'}, {'end': 336.737, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 312.03, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 317.917, 'text': 'but the chance presumably increases the cheaper weapons of mass destruction are.', 'start': 312.03, 'duration': 5.887}, {'end': 324.289, 'text': "So the Poisson process description doesn't take in consideration the game theoretic aspect.", 'start': 318.806, 'duration': 5.483}, {'end': 328.872, 'text': 'So another way to consider is repeated games, iterative games.', 'start': 324.409, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 336.737, 'text': 'So is there something about our human nature that allows us to fight against probability?', 'start': 329.812, 'duration': 6.925}], 'summary': 'Cheaper mass destruction increases chance. human nature fights probability.', 'duration': 24.707, 'max_score': 312.03, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4312030.jpg'}, {'end': 412.688, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 380.96, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 383.142, 'text': 'A trembling hand equilibrium is what we would call it.', 'start': 380.96, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 391.789, 'text': "Trembling hand equilibrium? That the basic logic is for cooperation, which is mostly what we've seen, even between enemies.", 'start': 383.542, 'duration': 8.247}, {'end': 396.295, 'text': "But every now and then someone does something crazy and you don't know how to react to it.", 'start': 392.45, 'duration': 3.845}, {'end': 398.758, 'text': "And you can't always beat Hitler.", 'start': 396.816, 'duration': 1.942}, {'end': 400.901, 'text': 'Sometimes Hitler drags you down.', 'start': 399.559, 'duration': 1.342}, {'end': 402.844, 'text': 'to push back.', 'start': 401.704, 'duration': 1.14}, {'end': 412.688, 'text': "is it possible that the crazier the person, the less likely they are, and in a way where we're safe?", 'start': 402.844, 'duration': 9.844}], 'summary': 'Trembling hand equilibrium for cooperation, occasional craziness and uncertainty, and the challenge of dealing with extreme individuals.', 'duration': 31.728, 'max_score': 380.96, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4380960.jpg'}, {'end': 537.58, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 493.214, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 498.518, 'text': 'To negotiate a bureaucracy, it actually selects against pure evil because you need to build alliances.', 'start': 493.214, 'duration': 5.304}, {'end': 502.721, 'text': 'So bureaucracy in that regard is great, right? It keeps out the worst apples.', 'start': 498.898, 'duration': 3.823}, {'end': 504.322, 'text': 'But look, put it this way.', 'start': 503.341, 'duration': 0.981}, {'end': 513.629, 'text': 'Could you imagine 35 years from now, the Osama bin Laden of the future has nukes or very bad bioweapons? It seems to me you can.', 'start': 504.362, 'duration': 9.267}, {'end': 515.51, 'text': 'And Osama was pretty evil.', 'start': 514.208, 'duration': 1.302}, {'end': 522.195, 'text': "And actually, even he failed, right? But nonetheless, that's what the 700 or 800 years is there for.", 'start': 516.071, 'duration': 6.124}, {'end': 530.758, 'text': "And there might be destructive technologies that don't have such a high cost of production or such a high learning curve,", 'start': 523.034, 'duration': 7.724}, {'end': 534.819, 'text': 'like cyber attacks or artificial intelligence, all those kinds of things.', 'start': 530.758, 'duration': 4.061}, {'end': 535.86, 'text': 'So yeah.', 'start': 535.6, 'duration': 0.26}, {'end': 537.58, 'text': 'I mean, let me ask you a question.', 'start': 536.32, 'duration': 1.26}], 'summary': 'Bureaucracy helps prevent evil; future threats could involve nukes and bioweapons.', 'duration': 44.366, 'max_score': 493.214, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4493214.jpg'}, {'end': 702.912, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 678.814, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 686.958, 'text': 'Do you think, what do you think of that notion in itself? Like from an economics perspective, from a human perspective?', 'start': 678.814, 'duration': 8.144}, {'end': 690.741, 'text': 'is it still alive, and how do you think about it? The American dream?', 'start': 686.958, 'duration': 3.783}, {'end': 693.003, 'text': 'The American dream is mostly still there.', 'start': 690.881, 'duration': 2.122}, {'end': 702.912, 'text': 'If you look at which groups are the highest earners, it is individuals from India and individuals from Iran, which is a fairly new development.', 'start': 693.623, 'duration': 9.289}], 'summary': 'The american dream is still alive, with individuals from india and iran being the highest earners, a new development.', 'duration': 24.098, 'max_score': 678.814, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4678814.jpg'}, {'end': 778.338, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 750.964, 'weight': 9, 'content': [{'end': 754.846, 'text': "So there's more upward mobility across the generations than today.", 'start': 750.964, 'duration': 3.882}, {'end': 757.147, 'text': "And it's a good thing that we had it.", 'start': 754.866, 'duration': 2.281}, {'end': 762.691, 'text': "I'm not sure we should blame the modern world for not being able to reproduce that.", 'start': 757.388, 'duration': 5.303}, {'end': 767.793, 'text': 'But look the general issue of who gets into Harvard or Cornell.', 'start': 763.351, 'duration': 4.442}, {'end': 769.034, 'text': 'is there an injustice?', 'start': 767.793, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 770.354, 'text': 'Should we fix that?', 'start': 769.434, 'duration': 0.92}, {'end': 773.996, 'text': 'Is there too little opportunity for the bottom, say half of Americans?', 'start': 770.795, 'duration': 3.201}, {'end': 775.037, 'text': 'Absolutely.', 'start': 774.476, 'duration': 0.561}, {'end': 778.338, 'text': "It's a disgrace how this country has evolved in that way.", 'start': 775.557, 'duration': 2.781}], 'summary': 'Upward mobility is decreasing, leading to injustice and limited opportunities for the bottom half of americans.', 'duration': 27.374, 'max_score': 750.964, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4750964.jpg'}, {'end': 894.832, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 868.541, 'weight': 10, 'content': [{'end': 874.423, 'text': "I don't know if it's connected to what we're discussing here, the freedom and opportunity of the American dream.", 'start': 868.541, 'duration': 5.882}, {'end': 883.706, 'text': 'Does it make any sense to you that we have so much impact on the rest of the world in terms of ideas?', 'start': 874.443, 'duration': 9.263}, {'end': 889.829, 'text': 'you know, is it just simply because the English is the primary language of the world?', 'start': 885.186, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 894.832, 'text': 'or is there something fundamental to the United States that drives the development of ideas??', 'start': 889.829, 'duration': 5.003}], 'summary': 'The influence of the united states on global ideas is questioned in relation to the american dream and english as a primary language.', 'duration': 26.291, 'max_score': 868.541, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4868541.jpg'}], 'start': 111.001, 'title': 'Economics, threats, and opportunities', 'summary': 'Delves into the multifaceted nature of economics, the looming threat of destructive technologies within the next 700-800 years, and opportunity and influence in america, encompassing elements of art, science, and magic in economics, the potential for increased risk from destructive technologies, and the influence of the united states on the world.', 'chapters': [{'end': 288.842, 'start': 111.001, 'title': 'Economics: art, science, or magic?', 'summary': 'Discusses the multifaceted nature of economics, encompassing elements of art, science, and magic, while highlighting the limitations of predictive capabilities and the potential for formulating better questions, exemplified through game theory and nuclear weapon dynamics.', 'duration': 177.841, 'highlights': ['Economics encompasses elements of art, science, and magic, with the potential to formulate simple models for societal behavior but limited predictive capabilities.', 'Game theory, while not predictive, offers a framework for understanding strategic conflicts and has provided insights into why nuclear war has been averted between major powers.', 'The explanation of mutually assured destruction from game theory has potentially prevented the use of nuclear weapons, despite the low probability of such an event.', 'Economics is more useful for enabling the formulation of better questions rather than making accurate predictions, exemplified by the case of game theory and nuclear weapons dynamics.', 'The discussion emphasizes the potential for economics to provide insights and ask better questions rather than accurately predicting outcomes, as seen in the case of game theory and nuclear weapon dynamics.']}, {'end': 609.724, 'start': 289.222, 'title': 'Threat of destructive technologies', 'summary': 'Discusses the looming threat of destructive technologies, including nuclear weapons, bio weapons, and other potential technologies, and the likelihood of their use within the next 700-800 years, emphasizing the potential for increased risk as these technologies become more accessible and affordable.', 'duration': 320.502, 'highlights': ['The likelihood of the use of destructive technologies such as nuclear weapons and bio weapons within the next 700-800 years is discussed, with the potential for increased risk as these technologies become more accessible and affordable.', "The chapter explores the impact of game theory and repeated games in considering human nature's ability to fight against probability and danger, suggesting that closer proximity to trouble may lead to better strategies for avoiding it.", 'The concept of trembling hand equilibrium is introduced, illustrating the dynamics of cooperation and the unpredictability of outliers such as Hitler, and the potential for such outliers to drag others down despite efforts to push back.', 'The discussion raises the possibility of the crazier the person, the less likely they are to pose a threat, citing the proposition that truly evil individuals may lack the skill to execute mass scale destruction, thus offering a glimmer of hope for avoiding extinction or mass destruction.', 'The role of bureaucracy in selecting against pure evil is highlighted, emphasizing its potential to build alliances and prevent the worst outcomes, potentially serving as a barrier against individuals with malicious intentions acquiring destructive technologies.']}, {'end': 1044.488, 'start': 609.804, 'title': 'Opportunity and influence in america', 'summary': "Discusses the american dream, intergenerational mobility, immigration's impact, and the influence of the united states on the world, highlighting economic and cultural aspects.", 'duration': 434.684, 'highlights': ["The American Dream is still present, with highest earners being individuals from India and Iran, indicating opportunity and success for immigrants. Highest earners are from India and Iran, illustrating immigrant success; Native-born Americans' intergenerational mobility has remained fairly constant for 40 years.", 'Intergenerational mobility was higher in the past, indicating a decline in upward mobility across generations in the modern world. Historical comparison shows higher intergenerational mobility in the past; Modern world exhibits a decline in upward mobility.', "The United States has a significant influence on the world in terms of ideas and culture, particularly in the English language and entertainment. US influence extends to ideas and culture globally; English language network's value has increased due to the internet."]}], 'duration': 933.487, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor4111001.jpg', 'highlights': ['Economics encompasses art, science, and magic, enabling better questions but limited predictions.', 'Game theory provides insights into strategic conflicts and has averted nuclear war.', 'Mutually assured destruction from game theory potentially prevented nuclear weapon use.', 'Economics is more useful for formulating better questions than making accurate predictions.', 'The potential for increased risk from destructive technologies within the next 700-800 years is discussed.', "Game theory and repeated games consider human nature's ability to fight against probability and danger.", 'The concept of trembling hand equilibrium illustrates the dynamics of cooperation and unpredictability.', 'The role of bureaucracy in preventing the worst outcomes and building alliances is highlighted.', 'The American Dream is still present, with highest earners being individuals from India and Iran.', 'Intergenerational mobility has declined in the modern world compared to the past.', 'The United States has a significant influence on the world in terms of ideas and culture.']}, {'end': 2070.216, 'segs': [{'end': 1201.678, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1175.027, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1181.55, 'text': "We revel in Schumpeterian creative destruction more, so we don't just prop up national champions forever.", 'start': 1175.027, 'duration': 6.523}, {'end': 1188.172, 'text': "And there's a precariousness to life for some people here that is less so, say, in Germany or the Netherlands.", 'start': 1182.27, 'duration': 5.902}, {'end': 1193.775, 'text': 'We have weaker communities in some regards than, say, Northwestern Europe often would.', 'start': 1189.053, 'duration': 4.722}, {'end': 1195.795, 'text': 'That has pluses and minuses.', 'start': 1194.435, 'duration': 1.36}, {'end': 1197.336, 'text': 'I think it makes us more creative.', 'start': 1195.855, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 1201.678, 'text': "It's a better country in which to be a weirdo than, say, Germany or Denmark.", 'start': 1197.776, 'duration': 3.902}], 'summary': "Us embraces creative destruction, weaker communities, more creative, better for 'weirdos' than germany or denmark.", 'duration': 26.651, 'max_score': 1175.027, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor41175027.jpg'}, {'end': 1260.529, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1236.71, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1243.175, 'text': "And since so many people are outsiders and that we're all immigrants is selecting for people who left something behind.", 'start': 1236.71, 'duration': 6.465}, {'end': 1245.497, 'text': "we're willing to leave behind their families.", 'start': 1243.175, 'duration': 2.322}, {'end': 1250.881, 'text': "we're willing to undergo a certain brutality of switch in their lives.", 'start': 1245.497, 'duration': 5.384}, {'end': 1254.364, 'text': 'makes us a nation of weirdos, and weirdos are creative.', 'start': 1250.881, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 1258.007, 'text': 'And Denmark is not a nation of weirdos.', 'start': 1255.065, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 1260.529, 'text': "It's a wonderful place, great for them.", 'start': 1258.067, 'duration': 2.462}], 'summary': 'Immigration selects for people willing to leave behind family and undergo change, making us a nation of creative weirdos.', 'duration': 23.819, 'max_score': 1236.71, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor41236710.jpg'}, {'end': 1522.091, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1474.878, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1477.42, 'text': 'What really matters is how good your legal framework is.', 'start': 1474.878, 'duration': 2.542}, {'end': 1482.463, 'text': 'So competition within nature for food leads to bloody conflict all the time.', 'start': 1477.72, 'duration': 4.743}, {'end': 1485.285, 'text': 'The animal world is quite unpleasant, to say the least.', 'start': 1482.503, 'duration': 2.782}, {'end': 1496.173, 'text': 'If you have something like the rule of law and clearly defined property rights, which are, within reason, justly allocated,', 'start': 1486.386, 'duration': 9.787}, {'end': 1498.275, 'text': 'competition probably is going to work very well.', 'start': 1496.173, 'duration': 2.102}, {'end': 1501.277, 'text': "But it's not an unalloyed good thing at all.", 'start': 1498.995, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 1502.638, 'text': 'It can be highly destructive.', 'start': 1501.497, 'duration': 1.141}, {'end': 1509.885, 'text': "Military competition, right? which actually is itself sometimes good, but it's not good per se.", 'start': 1502.938, 'duration': 6.947}, {'end': 1516.573, 'text': 'What aspects of life do you think we should protect from competition? You said the rule of law.', 'start': 1510.025, 'duration': 6.548}, {'end': 1519.357, 'text': 'Is there some things we should keep away from competition?', 'start': 1516.653, 'duration': 2.704}, {'end': 1522.091, 'text': 'Well, the fight for territory most of all right?', 'start': 1519.77, 'duration': 2.321}], 'summary': 'A strong legal framework and clear property rights can make competition work well, but it can also be highly destructive, particularly in the fight for territory.', 'duration': 47.213, 'max_score': 1474.878, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor41474878.jpg'}, {'end': 1881.175, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1853.376, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1861.04, 'text': 'The notion that wealth creates opportunity and good lives, and wealth is something we ought to valorize and give very high status.', 'start': 1853.376, 'duration': 7.664}, {'end': 1862.36, 'text': "It's one of her key ideas.", 'start': 1861.3, 'duration': 1.06}, {'end': 1864.101, 'text': "I think it's completely correct.", 'start': 1862.88, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 1867.903, 'text': 'I think she has the most profound and articulate statement of that idea.', 'start': 1864.461, 'duration': 3.442}, {'end': 1875.29, 'text': 'That said, as a philosopher, I disagree with her on most things, and I did even as a boy when I was reading her.', 'start': 1868.803, 'duration': 6.487}, {'end': 1881.175, 'text': "I read Plato before Ayn Rand, and in a Socratic dialogue, there's all these different points of view being thrown around.", 'start': 1875.73, 'duration': 5.445}], 'summary': "Wealth creates opportunity, ayn rand's key idea, but philosopher disagrees.", 'duration': 27.799, 'max_score': 1853.376, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor41853376.jpg'}], 'start': 1045.43, 'title': "American capitalism and immigrant's impact", 'summary': 'Discusses the pros and cons of american capitalism, highlighting strengths in innovation and high wages, while addressing concerns about racial issues. it also explores the impact of immigrants on creativity and competition, emphasizing the need for a strong legal framework and reflecting on the corrupting influence of prizes on productivity.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1236.23, 'start': 1045.43, 'title': 'Pros and cons of american capitalism', 'summary': "Discusses the u.s.'s strength in scaling and distributing ideas, attributes it to capitalism, highlights the pros of business innovation, high wages, and opportunities, while addressing concerns about enduring racial problems, weaker communities, and less social security.", 'duration': 190.8, 'highlights': ['The U.S. is adept at scaling and distributing ideas, attributed to capitalism, which emphasizes business innovation, high wages, and opportunities (e.g. USA is fundamentally a nation of business, makes us a nation of opportunity).', "Capitalism in the U.S. has enduring racial problems, weaker communities, and less social security compared to countries like Germany or the Netherlands (e.g. had an enduring racial problem from the beginning, there's a precariousness to life for some people here that is less so, say, in Germany or the Netherlands).", 'Business innovation is better than government, and the biggest businesses tend to pay the highest wages (e.g. Business, for the most part, innovates better than government, The biggest businesses tend to pay the highest wages).', "The U.S. revels in Schumpeterian creative destruction and is a better country for 'weirdos,' but there is less social security in some fundamental sense (e.g. revel in Schumpeterian creative destruction more, so we don't just prop up national champions forever, there is less social security in some fundamental sense)."]}, {'end': 1542.982, 'start': 1236.71, 'title': "Immigrant's impact on creativity and competition", 'summary': "Discusses the impact of immigrants on creativity, emphasizing the importance of 'weirdos' for innovation, and the role of competition in capitalism, highlighting the need for a strong legal framework. it also reflects on a russian mathematician's rejection of the fields medal and the corrupting influence of prizes on productivity.", 'duration': 306.272, 'highlights': ["The importance of 'weirdos' for innovation is emphasized, with the concept that immigrants and outsiders are willing to undergo certain brutalities in their lives, contributing to a nation of creative individuals.", 'The discussion on the impact of competition in capitalism highlights the significance of a strong legal framework, such as the rule of law and clearly defined property rights, for competition to work effectively.', "Reflection on a Russian mathematician's rejection of the Fields Medal, indicating the corrupting influence of prizes on productivity and the importance of respecting individuals who choose to turn their back on recognition and continue working.", 'The need to protect certain aspects of life, such as the fight for territory and anything involving actual physical violence, from competition is emphasized, highlighting the limitations of competition as an unalloyed good.', 'The chapter reflects on the need for an international order and the importance of sticking with it, despite acknowledging the potential injustices in current borders.']}, {'end': 2070.216, 'start': 1544.443, 'title': 'Free market and anarchism in society', 'summary': 'Discusses the tension between capitalism and less free-market policies in healthcare, the feasibility of a pure free market, the potential of an anarchist society, and the influence of ayn rand and her objectivist philosophy.', 'duration': 525.773, 'highlights': ["Ayn Rand's influence on the notion that wealth creates opportunity and good lives is profound and articulate, despite disagreements with her philosophy and the lack of diversity in her viewpoints. Influence of Ayn Rand on the idea that wealth creates opportunities, despite disagreements with her philosophy. Lack of diversity in her viewpoints.", 'The tension between capitalism and less free-market policies in healthcare is discussed, advocating for a more competitive healthcare system and addressing the disrespectful treatment of patients. Discussion of tension between capitalism and less free-market policies in healthcare. Advocacy for a more competitive healthcare system.', 'The feasibility and limitations of a pure free market are explored, emphasizing the necessity of a legal order and the inability of a free market to generate emergent rules. Exploration of the feasibility and limitations of a pure free market. Emphasis on the necessity of a legal order and the inability of a free market to generate emergent rules.', 'The potential of an anarchist society is examined, acknowledging the need for clear lines drawn by governments to prevent it from turning into mafia-run systems. Examination of the potential of an anarchist society. Acknowledgment of the need for clear lines drawn by governments to prevent it from turning into mafia-run systems.']}], 'duration': 1024.786, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor41045430.jpg', 'highlights': ["The U.S. revels in Schumpeterian creative destruction and is a better country for 'weirdos,' but there is less social security in some fundamental sense.", "The importance of 'weirdos' for innovation is emphasized, with the concept that immigrants and outsiders are willing to undergo certain brutalities in their lives, contributing to a nation of creative individuals.", 'The discussion on the impact of competition in capitalism highlights the significance of a strong legal framework, such as the rule of law and clearly defined property rights, for competition to work effectively.', 'The need to protect certain aspects of life, such as the fight for territory and anything involving actual physical violence, from competition is emphasized, highlighting the limitations of competition as an unalloyed good.', "Ayn Rand's influence on the notion that wealth creates opportunity and good lives is profound and articulate, despite disagreements with her philosophy and the lack of diversity in her viewpoints."]}, {'end': 2742.551, 'segs': [{'end': 2144.034, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2119.145, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2124.328, 'text': "I mean, I've had a Zoom outage, but their performance rate has been remarkably high.", 'start': 2119.145, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 2131.052, 'text': "So, if you just look at resources, competence, incentives, who's been the star performers?", 'start': 2124.848, 'duration': 6.204}, {'end': 2137.636, 'text': 'the NBA even just canceling the season as early as they did, sending a message like hey people, this is real.', 'start': 2131.052, 'duration': 6.584}, {'end': 2138.757, 'text': 'and then pulling off the bubble?', 'start': 2137.636, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 2144.034, 'text': 'with not a single found case of COVID and having all the testing set up in advance.', 'start': 2139.568, 'duration': 4.466}], 'summary': "Zoom outage, nba's high performance, early season cancelation, successful bubble with no covid cases.", 'duration': 24.889, 'max_score': 2119.145, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42119145.jpg'}, {'end': 2223.442, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2192.075, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2203.766, 'text': "Another example that's closer to, especially as aspiring entrepreneurs, closer to the things I'm thinking about, is Jack Dorsey with Twitter.", 'start': 2192.075, 'duration': 11.691}, {'end': 2210.691, 'text': 'To me, Twitter has enabled an incredible platform of communication,', 'start': 2205.307, 'duration': 5.384}, {'end': 2216.976, 'text': 'and yet the biggest thing that people talk about is not how incredible this platform is.', 'start': 2210.691, 'duration': 6.285}, {'end': 2223.442, 'text': 'They essentially use the platform to complain about the censorship of a few individuals.', 'start': 2218.558, 'duration': 4.884}], 'summary': 'Twitter enables an incredible platform of communication, overshadowed by complaints about censorship.', 'duration': 31.367, 'max_score': 2192.075, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42192075.jpg'}, {'end': 2308.711, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2266.649, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2273.031, 'text': "Twitter is one you mentioned, where it's all kind of messages going back and forth, and you're really bugged by the messages you don't like.", 'start': 2266.649, 'duration': 6.382}, {'end': 2275.432, 'text': 'Most people are neurotic to begin with.', 'start': 2273.631, 'duration': 1.801}, {'end': 2283.634, 'text': "It's not only taken out on big business, to be clear, so Congress catches a lot of grief, and some of it they deserve, yes.", 'start': 2276.252, 'duration': 7.382}, {'end': 2289.095, 'text': 'Religion is not attacked the same way, but religiosity is declining.', 'start': 2285.354, 'duration': 3.741}, {'end': 2296.961, 'text': 'If you poll people, the military still polls quite well, but people are very disillusioned with many things.', 'start': 2289.875, 'duration': 7.086}, {'end': 2301.245, 'text': 'And the Martin Gurry thesis that because of the internet, you just see more of things.', 'start': 2297.061, 'duration': 4.184}, {'end': 2306.789, 'text': "And the more you see of something, whether it's good, bad or in between, the more you will find to complain about.", 'start': 2301.645, 'duration': 5.144}, {'end': 2308.711, 'text': 'I suspect is the fundamental mechanism here.', 'start': 2306.789, 'duration': 1.922}], 'summary': 'The internet has led to increased disillusionment and complaints about various aspects of society, including declining religiosity and disillusionment with many things.', 'duration': 42.062, 'max_score': 2266.649, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42266649.jpg'}, {'end': 2408.154, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2356.448, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 2357.209, 'text': "There's no face.", 'start': 2356.448, 'duration': 0.761}, {'end': 2358.509, 'text': 'You just see a little icon.', 'start': 2357.289, 'duration': 1.22}, {'end': 2363.312, 'text': "That's the essential element of Clubhouse.", 'start': 2359.07, 'duration': 4.242}, {'end': 2367.075, 'text': "And there's an intimacy to voice-only communication that's hard to..", 'start': 2363.733, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 2373.902, 'text': "That didn't make sense to me, but it was just what it is, which feels like something that won't last for some reason.", 'start': 2367.695, 'duration': 6.207}, {'end': 2382.59, 'text': "Maybe it's the cynical view, but what's your sense about the intimacy of what's happening right now with Clubhouse??", 'start': 2373.942, 'duration': 8.648}, {'end': 2387.994, 'text': "I've greatly enjoyed what I've done, but I'm not sure it's for me in the long run, for two reasons.", 'start': 2383.467, 'duration': 4.527}, {'end': 2394.783, 'text': 'First, if you compare it to doing a podcast, podcasting has greater reach than Clubhouse.', 'start': 2388.775, 'duration': 6.008}, {'end': 2404.03, 'text': "So I would rather put time into my podcast But then also my core asset, so to speak, is I'm a very fast reader.", 'start': 2395.244, 'duration': 8.786}, {'end': 2408.154, 'text': 'So audio per se is not necessarily to my advantage.', 'start': 2405.031, 'duration': 3.123}], 'summary': 'Clubhouse offers voice-only communication, but it may not last due to limited reach compared to podcasts and other media.', 'duration': 51.706, 'max_score': 2356.448, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42356448.jpg'}, {'end': 2654.368, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2628.14, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2632.461, 'text': 'And the idea of wanting to be connected to more of the world, Clubhouse will still offer that.', 'start': 2628.14, 'duration': 4.321}, {'end': 2640.483, 'text': 'And all the mental health issues out there, a lot of people have broken ties, and they will still be lonely post-vaccines.', 'start': 2633.561, 'duration': 6.922}, {'end': 2651.466, 'text': 'Yeah, I, from an artificial intelligence perspective, have a sense that there is like a deep loneliness in the world,', 'start': 2642.318, 'duration': 9.148}, {'end': 2652.947, 'text': 'that all of us are really lonely.', 'start': 2651.466, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 2654.368, 'text': "Like we don't even acknowledge it.", 'start': 2653.107, 'duration': 1.261}], 'summary': 'Clubhouse aims to connect people globally, addressing deep loneliness and mental health issues post-vaccination.', 'duration': 26.228, 'max_score': 2628.14, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42628140.jpg'}], 'start': 2072.016, 'title': 'Big business and clubhouse', 'summary': 'Explores the positive impacts of big businesses like amazon, zoom, and twitter during the pandemic, while addressing criticisms, and discusses the pros and cons of clubhouse, emphasizing voice-only communication and its potential impact on loneliness and human connection post-pandemic.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2308.711, 'start': 2072.016, 'title': 'Benefit of big business in modern society', 'summary': 'Discusses how big businesses like amazon, zoom, and twitter have excelled in providing essential services during the pandemic, highlighting their competence and positive impacts, while addressing the prevalent negativity towards big businesses and suggesting that human neuroticism and increased visibility through the internet contribute to this. it also explores the tendency to focus on criticisms rather than acknowledging the positive impacts of these technologies.', 'duration': 236.695, 'highlights': ['Big businesses like Amazon, Zoom, and the NBA have demonstrated remarkable competence and performance, providing essential services during the pandemic, such as efficient delivery, remote education, and sports bubble with no COVID cases.', 'The chapter addresses the prevalent negativity towards big businesses and suggests that human neuroticism and increased visibility through the internet contribute to this, leading people to focus on criticisms rather than acknowledging the positive impacts of these technologies.', "The discussion also touches on the tendency to focus on criticisms rather than acknowledging the positive impacts of technologies like Twitter, with emphasis on complaints about censorship and negativity overshadowing the platform's incredible communication capabilities.", 'The transcript delves into the concept of increased visibility through the internet, suggesting that the more people see of something, whether good, bad, or in between, the more they will find to complain about, presenting a fundamental mechanism behind the prevalent negativity towards various entities.', 'The chapter also highlights the general disillusionment and criticism faced by not only big businesses but also other entities such as Congress, religion, and the military, indicating a broader societal trend of increased criticism and disillusionment.']}, {'end': 2742.551, 'start': 2310.441, 'title': 'Clubhouse: intimacy of voice-only communication', 'summary': 'Discusses the pros and cons of clubhouse, emphasizing the intimacy of voice-only communication, the productivity aspect versus the magic of live communication, and the potential impact on loneliness and human connection post-pandemic.', 'duration': 432.11, 'highlights': ["Clubhouse's potential impact on loneliness and human connection post-pandemic Discusses the deep loneliness in the world post-pandemic and the potential for Clubhouse to offer a sense of connection and understanding among individuals.", 'Pros and cons of Clubhouse compared to podcasts and audio books Explores the greater reach of podcasts over Clubhouse, the ability to skip content in podcasts, and the tension between productivity and the magic of live communication in Clubhouse.', 'Intimacy of voice-only communication in Clubhouse Emphasizes the intimacy of voice-only communication in Clubhouse, comparing it to other platforms and highlighting the unique experience it offers.']}], 'duration': 670.535, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42072016.jpg', 'highlights': ['Big businesses like Amazon, Zoom, and the NBA demonstrated remarkable competence during the pandemic, providing essential services such as efficient delivery, remote education, and sports bubble with no COVID cases.', 'The chapter addresses the prevalent negativity towards big businesses and suggests that human neuroticism and increased visibility through the internet contribute to this, leading people to focus on criticisms rather than acknowledging the positive impacts of these technologies.', "The discussion also touches on the tendency to focus on criticisms rather than acknowledging the positive impacts of technologies like Twitter, with emphasis on complaints about censorship and negativity overshadowing the platform's incredible communication capabilities.", 'The chapter delves into the concept of increased visibility through the internet, suggesting that the more people see of something, whether good, bad, or in between, the more they will find to complain about, presenting a fundamental mechanism behind the prevalent negativity towards various entities.', 'The chapter also highlights the general disillusionment and criticism faced by not only big businesses but also other entities such as Congress, religion, and the military, indicating a broader societal trend of increased criticism and disillusionment.', "Clubhouse's potential impact on loneliness and human connection post-pandemic Discusses the deep loneliness in the world post-pandemic and the potential for Clubhouse to offer a sense of connection and understanding among individuals.", 'Pros and cons of Clubhouse compared to podcasts and audio books Explores the greater reach of podcasts over Clubhouse, the ability to skip content in podcasts, and the tension between productivity and the magic of live communication in Clubhouse.', 'Intimacy of voice-only communication in Clubhouse Emphasizes the intimacy of voice-only communication in Clubhouse, comparing it to other platforms and highlighting the unique experience it offers.']}, {'end': 4286.474, 'segs': [{'end': 2840.222, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2813.112, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2817.073, 'text': "I've seen a lot of breakthroughs in green energy and battery technology.", 'start': 2813.112, 'duration': 3.961}, {'end': 2821.395, 'text': 'mRNA vaccines in medicine is a big deal already.', 'start': 2817.874, 'duration': 3.521}, {'end': 2825.816, 'text': 'It will repair our GDP and save millions of lives around the world.', 'start': 2821.855, 'duration': 3.961}, {'end': 2830.635, 'text': "There's an anti-malaria vaccine that's now in stage three trial.", 'start': 2827.012, 'duration': 3.623}, {'end': 2831.595, 'text': 'It probably works.', 'start': 2830.695, 'duration': 0.9}, {'end': 2834.097, 'text': 'CRISPR to defeat sickle cell anemia.', 'start': 2832.116, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 2840.222, 'text': "Just space, area after area after area, there's suddenly this surge of breakthroughs.", 'start': 2835.338, 'duration': 4.884}], 'summary': 'Recent breakthroughs in green energy, mrna vaccines, and anti-malaria vaccine have the potential to repair gdp and save millions of lives worldwide.', 'duration': 27.11, 'max_score': 2813.112, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42813112.jpg'}, {'end': 2883.924, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2855.993, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2858.474, 'text': "He's not, he hasn't gained, that's really interesting.", 'start': 2855.993, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 2864.196, 'text': 'So your little drop of optimism comes from like.', 'start': 2858.994, 'duration': 5.202}, {'end': 2869.638, 'text': 'there might be a fundamental shift in the kind of things that computation has unlocked for us.', 'start': 2864.196, 'duration': 5.442}, {'end': 2875.281, 'text': 'in terms of like, it could be a wellspring of innovation that enables growth for a long time to come.', 'start': 2869.638, 'duration': 5.643}, {'end': 2883.924, 'text': 'Like Eric has not quite connected to the computation aspect yet to where it could be a wellspring of innovation.', 'start': 2875.541, 'duration': 8.383}], 'summary': 'Potential fundamental shift in computation enabling long-term innovation and growth.', 'duration': 27.931, 'max_score': 2855.993, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42855993.jpg'}, {'end': 2971.887, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2946.075, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2953.182, 'text': 'There was a New York Times symposium in April, which is not long ago, and they asked the so-called experts when are we gonna get vaccines?', 'start': 2946.075, 'duration': 7.107}, {'end': 2956.646, 'text': 'And the most optimistic answer was in four years.', 'start': 2953.663, 'duration': 2.983}, {'end': 2960.509, 'text': 'And obviously we beat that by a long mile.', 'start': 2957.747, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 2963.092, 'text': "So I think people still haven't woken up.", 'start': 2961.33, 'duration': 1.762}, {'end': 2966.856, 'text': "You mentioned my tiny drop of optimism, but it's a big drop of optimism.", 'start': 2963.132, 'duration': 3.724}, {'end': 2971.887, 'text': "Is it a waterfall yet? Well, here's my pessimism.", 'start': 2967.883, 'duration': 4.004}], 'summary': 'Experts predicted 4 years for vaccines, but we beat that by a long mile.', 'duration': 25.812, 'max_score': 2946.075, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42946075.jpg'}, {'end': 3046.677, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3019.127, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3027.434, 'text': 'So you think the United States might still be on top of the world for the rest of the century in terms of its economic growth, impact on the world,', 'start': 3019.127, 'duration': 8.307}, {'end': 3029.256, 'text': 'scientific innovation, all those kinds of things?', 'start': 3027.434, 'duration': 1.822}, {'end': 3033.039, 'text': "That's too long to predict, but I'm bullish on America in general.", 'start': 3029.956, 'duration': 3.083}, {'end': 3035.451, 'text': 'Got it.', 'start': 3035.091, 'duration': 0.36}, {'end': 3046.677, 'text': 'Speaking of being bullish on America, the opposite of that is, you know, we talked about capitalism, we talked about Ayn Rand and her Russian roots.', 'start': 3036.852, 'duration': 9.825}], 'summary': "Uncertain about us dominance, but optimistic about america's future", 'duration': 27.55, 'max_score': 3019.127, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor43019127.jpg'}, {'end': 3141.791, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3114.528, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 3119.594, 'text': "Now, I wouldn't call that communism, but that's what I think of the system the Soviets had.", 'start': 3114.528, 'duration': 5.066}, {'end': 3129.007, 'text': 'It required an ever-increasing pile of lies that both alienated people but created an elite that, by the end of the thing,', 'start': 3120.616, 'duration': 8.391}, {'end': 3136.129, 'text': 'no longer believed in the system itself or even thought they were doing better by being crooks than by, just say,', 'start': 3129.007, 'duration': 7.122}, {'end': 3138.87, 'text': 'moving to Switzerland and being an upper-middle-class individual.', 'start': 3136.129, 'duration': 2.741}, {'end': 3141.791, 'text': "You would have a higher standard of living by Gorbachev's time.", 'start': 3138.89, 'duration': 2.901}], 'summary': "Soviets' system led to lies, alienation, and elite disillusionment, with higher living standards by gorbachev's time.", 'duration': 27.263, 'max_score': 3114.528, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor43114528.jpg'}, {'end': 3288.287, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3255.103, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 3257.084, 'text': 'And Putin is still riding on that.', 'start': 3255.103, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 3263.205, 'text': 'It more or less coincides with his rise as the truly focal figure on the scene.', 'start': 3257.104, 'duration': 6.101}, {'end': 3270.727, 'text': "Since then, pretty recently, they've had a bunch of years of negative 4% to 5% growth in a row, which is terrible.", 'start': 3264.265, 'duration': 6.462}, {'end': 3274.648, 'text': 'The economy is way too dependent on fossil fuels.', 'start': 3271.627, 'duration': 3.021}, {'end': 3276.769, 'text': 'But the structural problem is this.', 'start': 3275.188, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 3282.682, 'text': 'You need a concordance across economic power, social power, political power.', 'start': 3277.717, 'duration': 4.965}, {'end': 3288.287, 'text': "They don't have to be allocated identically, but they have to be allocated consistently.", 'start': 3283.122, 'duration': 5.165}], 'summary': "Putin's rise coincided with 4-5% negative growth for years due to heavy reliance on fossil fuels and lack of consistent power allocation.", 'duration': 33.184, 'max_score': 3255.103, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor43255103.jpg'}, {'end': 3620.482, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3587.68, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 3590.581, 'text': "Hong Kong and Singapore, they've still done much worse.", 'start': 3587.68, 'duration': 2.901}, {'end': 3592.722, 'text': 'Not even close.', 'start': 3592.002, 'duration': 0.72}, {'end': 3600.585, 'text': "And that's both living standards, or I hesitate to cite democracy as an unalloyed good in and of itself.", 'start': 3593.462, 'duration': 7.123}, {'end': 3603.246, 'text': "but there's more freedom in all those other places by a lot.", 'start': 3600.585, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 3606.087, 'text': 'So China has all these problems of history.', 'start': 3604.026, 'duration': 2.061}, {'end': 3612.337, 'text': "But they've managed, as actually the Soviets did in the middle of the 20th century,", 'start': 3607.073, 'duration': 5.264}, {'end': 3620.482, 'text': 'one of the two great mass migrations from the countryside to cities, which boosts productivity enormously and will sustain totalitarian systems.', 'start': 3612.337, 'duration': 8.145}], 'summary': 'China has more freedom than hong kong and singapore, as a result of mass migrations to cities, boosting productivity and sustaining totalitarian systems.', 'duration': 32.802, 'max_score': 3587.68, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor43587680.jpg'}, {'end': 3744.407, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3715.905, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 3719.388, 'text': 'post-Mao dismantled what was called the iron rice ball.', 'start': 3715.905, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 3725.314, 'text': 'So it took apart the healthcare protections, a lot of the welfare system, a lot of the guaranteed jobs.', 'start': 3720.069, 'duration': 5.245}, {'end': 3729.879, 'text': 'So the economic rise of China coincided with the weakening of welfare.', 'start': 3725.915, 'duration': 3.964}, {'end': 3737.721, 'text': "I'm not saying that's causal per se, but- People think of China as having a government that takes care of everyone.", 'start': 3729.899, 'duration': 7.822}, {'end': 3738.842, 'text': "It's very far from the truth.", 'start': 3737.741, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 3744.407, 'text': "By a lot of metrics I don't mean control over people's lives, I don't mean speech,", 'start': 3739.643, 'duration': 4.764}], 'summary': 'Post-mao china weakened welfare, despite economic rise. government not as caring as perceived.', 'duration': 28.502, 'max_score': 3715.905, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor43715905.jpg'}, {'end': 3824.84, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3798.489, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 3803.371, 'text': 'The Chinese have it in so many areas, a genuine meritocracy in this one way.', 'start': 3798.489, 'duration': 4.882}, {'end': 3810.074, 'text': "That moves people from the rural to the big city, and that's a big boost of productivity for some amount of time.", 'start': 3803.571, 'duration': 6.503}, {'end': 3812.215, 'text': "And when they get there, they're taken seriously.", 'start': 3810.474, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 3815.356, 'text': 'Jack Ma was riding a bicycle teaching English in his late 20s.', 'start': 3812.275, 'duration': 3.081}, {'end': 3816.537, 'text': 'He was a poor guy.', 'start': 3815.416, 'duration': 1.121}, {'end': 3820.938, 'text': 'Not a society of credentialism.', 'start': 3819.218, 'duration': 1.72}, {'end': 3824.84, 'text': "Or in America, it's way too much a credentialist society.", 'start': 3821.559, 'duration': 3.281}], 'summary': 'Chinese meritocracy boosts rural-urban productivity, unlike u.s. credentialism', 'duration': 26.351, 'max_score': 3798.489, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor43798489.jpg'}, {'end': 3924.263, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3895.003, 'weight': 9, 'content': [{'end': 3899.87, 'text': "You don't see automation as a threat that fundamentally shakes our society.", 'start': 3895.003, 'duration': 4.867}, {'end': 3901.872, 'text': "It's a threat in the following sense.", 'start': 3900.39, 'duration': 1.482}, {'end': 3906.839, 'text': "The new technologies are harder to work with for many people, and that's a social problem.", 'start': 3901.932, 'duration': 4.907}, {'end': 3912.667, 'text': "But I'm not sure a universal basic income is the right answer to that very real problem.", 'start': 3907.279, 'duration': 5.388}, {'end': 3916.296, 'text': "Well, that's also, I like the UBI for kids.", 'start': 3913.493, 'duration': 2.803}, {'end': 3924.263, 'text': "It's also your definition or the line, the threshold for what is vulnerable and what is basic human nature.", 'start': 3916.836, 'duration': 7.427}], 'summary': 'Automation poses social challenges, but universal basic income may not be the optimal solution.', 'duration': 29.26, 'max_score': 3895.003, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor43895003.jpg'}, {'end': 4116.988, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4088.025, 'weight': 10, 'content': [{'end': 4092.391, 'text': "So I'm just talking about a time slice, Eric, right? I don't know where he's at right now.", 'start': 4088.025, 'duration': 4.366}, {'end': 4096.357, 'text': 'Like I heard him on Clubhouse three nights ago, but that was three nights ago.', 'start': 4092.992, 'duration': 3.365}, {'end': 4102.68, 'text': "But I think he's far too pessimistic about the impact of immigration on US science.", 'start': 4097.798, 'duration': 4.882}, {'end': 4108.545, 'text': 'He thinks it has displaced US scientists, which I think that is partly true.', 'start': 4103.522, 'duration': 5.023}, {'end': 4110.206, 'text': "I just think we've gotten better talent.", 'start': 4108.745, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 4112.407, 'text': "I'm like, bring it on, double down.", 'start': 4110.366, 'duration': 2.041}, {'end': 4116.988, 'text': 'And look at Kiriko, who basically came up with mRNA vaccines.', 'start': 4113.207, 'duration': 3.781}], 'summary': 'Immigration has partly displaced us scientists, but brought better talent, like kiriko with mrna vaccines.', 'duration': 28.963, 'max_score': 4088.025, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44088025.jpg'}], 'start': 2742.811, 'title': 'Us unity, economic growth, vaccines, technology, and government roles', 'summary': 'Discusses enduring us unity, potential economic growth, vaccine development surpassing predictions, impact of new technologies, flaws of communism, challenges faced by russia and china, role of large-scale government welfare programs, universal basic income (ubi) potential, and disagreements on immigration and trade policies.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2944.683, 'start': 2742.811, 'title': 'American dream and economic growth', 'summary': 'Discusses the enduring unity of the us, the potential for continued economic growth, and the transformative impact of computational advancements on innovation, citing recent breakthroughs in green energy, medicine, and technology.', 'duration': 201.872, 'highlights': ['Breakthroughs in green energy, battery technology, mRNA vaccines, and CRISPR are leading to economic growth and significant global impact. Recent breakthroughs in green energy, medicine, and technology, such as mRNA vaccines and CRISPR, are expected to drive economic growth and save millions of lives globally.', 'The enduring unity of the US is emphasized, with an optimistic outlook on economic growth driven by superior computation and transformative innovations. The enduring unity of the US is highlighted alongside an optimistic outlook on economic growth, attributed to superior computation and transformative innovations.', 'The potential for continued economic growth is discussed, with a shift in optimism stemming from the transformative impact of computational advancements on innovation. Discusses the potential for continued economic growth, with a shift in optimism attributed to the transformative impact of computational advancements on innovation.']}, {'end': 3683.648, 'start': 2946.075, 'title': 'Vaccines, technology, and economic systems', 'summary': 'Discusses the rapid development of vaccines surpassing the initial expert prediction of four years, the potential impact of new technologies on violence, the flaws of communism and the challenges faced by russia and china in their economic and political systems.', 'duration': 737.573, 'highlights': ['The development of vaccines has surpassed the initial expert prediction of four years, reflecting a significant achievement. The most optimistic expert prediction for the development of vaccines was four years, but the rapid development has surpassed this timeline, indicating a remarkable success in the field of vaccine development.', 'The potential impact of new technologies on violence is discussed, drawing parallels with historical instances of technologies being used for destructive purposes. The chapter explores the potential for new technologies to be used for violence, drawing parallels with historical instances such as the impact of radio technology on enabling dictators, indicating a concern for the potential negative consequences of new technologies.', 'The flaws of communism are highlighted, emphasizing the failure of the Soviet system and its inability to deliver sustainable gains in living standards. The discussion focuses on the flaws of communism, particularly the failure of the Soviet system to deliver sustainable gains in living standards, pointing out structural issues, malfunctioning incentives, and a culture of barter and corruption as contributing factors.', 'The challenges faced by Russia in its economic and political systems, including structural problems and lack of diversification, are outlined. The challenges faced by Russia in its economic and political systems, such as structural problems, dependency on fossil fuels, and the concentration of economic power, are discussed, highlighting the issues that hinder sustainable growth and development.', "The discussion on China's system emphasizes the historical and governance challenges, as well as the potential limitations in supplanting America as the world's leading country. The chapter examines the Chinese system, highlighting historical challenges, governance issues, and the potential limitations in surpassing America as the world's leading country, indicating concerns about the sustainability of China's current trajectory."]}, {'end': 4286.474, 'start': 3684.045, 'title': 'Role of government and ubi discussions', 'summary': "Discusses the role of large-scale government welfare programs, including the impact of the chinese communist party's dismantling of welfare systems and the potential of universal basic income (ubi), as well as disagreements on immigration and trade policies, highlighting china's infrastructure development and meritocracy as well as the potential drawbacks and benefits of ubi and open borders for belarus.", 'duration': 602.429, 'highlights': ["China's dismantling of welfare systems coincided with its economic rise, showing a potential impact on welfare weakening. The Chinese Communist Party's dismantling of healthcare protections, welfare systems, and guaranteed jobs coincided with China's economic rise, indicating a potential correlation between welfare weakening and economic growth.", "China's successful infrastructure development and meritocracy contribute to productivity and social mobility. China has excelled in building infrastructure and implementing a meritocratic system that elevates individuals based on merit, contributing to increased productivity and social mobility.", 'Discussion on Universal Basic Income (UBI) focuses on the potential benefits of UBI for children and the impact of automation on employment. The discussion delves into the potential benefits of UBI for children and examines the impact of automation on employment, highlighting the need for targeted welfare programs and potential challenges of UBI in addressing societal issues.', 'Disagreements on immigration and trade policies, including differing perspectives on the impact of immigration on US science and the approach to free trade. The chapter presents disagreements on immigration and trade policies, particularly regarding the impact of immigration on US science and differing perspectives on free trade, showcasing varying viewpoints on these critical policy areas.']}], 'duration': 1543.663, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor42742811.jpg', 'highlights': ['Recent breakthroughs in green energy, medicine, and technology expected to drive economic growth and save millions of lives globally.', 'The enduring unity of the US highlighted alongside an optimistic outlook on economic growth, attributed to superior computation and transformative innovations.', 'The potential for continued economic growth discussed, with a shift in optimism attributed to the transformative impact of computational advancements on innovation.', 'The rapid development of vaccines has surpassed the initial expert prediction of four years, reflecting a significant achievement.', 'The flaws of communism discussed, emphasizing the failure of the Soviet system to deliver sustainable gains in living standards.', 'The challenges faced by Russia in its economic and political systems, such as structural problems, dependency on fossil fuels, and the concentration of economic power, are discussed.', "The discussion on China's system emphasizes historical challenges, governance issues, and the potential limitations in surpassing America as the world's leading country.", "The Chinese Communist Party's dismantling of healthcare protections, welfare systems, and guaranteed jobs coincided with China's economic rise, indicating a potential correlation between welfare weakening and economic growth.", 'China has excelled in building infrastructure and implementing a meritocratic system that elevates individuals based on merit, contributing to increased productivity and social mobility.', 'The discussion delves into the potential benefits of UBI for children and examines the impact of automation on employment, highlighting the need for targeted welfare programs and potential challenges of UBI in addressing societal issues.', 'The chapter presents disagreements on immigration and trade policies, particularly regarding the impact of immigration on US science and differing perspectives on free trade, showcasing varying viewpoints on these critical policy areas.']}, {'end': 4734.945, 'segs': [{'end': 4404.004, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4309.041, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4324.74, 'text': 'And the recent excitement around cryptocurrency that brings to the forefront the philosophical discussion of the nature of money.', 'start': 4309.041, 'duration': 15.699}, {'end': 4326.821, 'text': 'Are you bullish on cryptocurrency??', 'start': 4324.92, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 4327.862, 'text': 'Are you excited about it??', 'start': 4326.842, 'duration': 1.02}, {'end': 4331.286, 'text': 'What does it make you think about how the nature of money is changing??', 'start': 4327.923, 'duration': 3.363}, {'end': 4333.508, 'text': 'No one knows what money is.', 'start': 4331.926, 'duration': 1.582}, {'end': 4334.969, 'text': 'Probably no one ever knew.', 'start': 4333.788, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 4341.183, 'text': "Go back to medieval times, bills of exchange, were they money? Maybe it's just a semantic debate.", 'start': 4334.989, 'duration': 6.194}, {'end': 4342.244, 'text': 'Gold silver?', 'start': 4341.523, 'duration': 0.721}, {'end': 4343.284, 'text': 'what about copper coins?', 'start': 4342.244, 'duration': 1.04}, {'end': 4347.487, 'text': 'What about metals that were considered legal tender but not always circulating?', 'start': 4343.364, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 4350.088, 'text': 'What about credit?', 'start': 4348.327, 'duration': 1.761}, {'end': 4354.731, 'text': 'Being confused about moneyness is the natural state of affairs for human beings.', 'start': 4350.728, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 4357.692, 'text': "If there's more of that, I'd say that's probably a good thing.", 'start': 4355.391, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 4364.536, 'text': 'Now, crypto per se, I think Bitcoin has taken over a lot of the space held by gold.', 'start': 4358.913, 'duration': 5.623}, {'end': 4367.218, 'text': 'That to me seems sustainable.', 'start': 4365.597, 'duration': 1.621}, {'end': 4369.77, 'text': "I'm not short Bitcoin.", 'start': 4368.428, 'duration': 1.342}, {'end': 4376.596, 'text': "I don't have some view that the price has to be different than the current price, but I know it changes every moment.", 'start': 4370.41, 'duration': 6.186}, {'end': 4392.112, 'text': "I am deeply uncertain about the less of crypto which seems connected to ultimate visions of using it for transactions in ways where I'm not sure whether it be prediction markets or DeFi.", 'start': 4378.458, 'duration': 13.654}, {'end': 4398.281, 'text': "I'm not sure the retail demand really is there once it is regulated like everything else is.", 'start': 4393.359, 'duration': 4.922}, {'end': 4404.004, 'text': "I would say I'm 40-60 optimistic on those forms of crypto.", 'start': 4399.582, 'duration': 4.422}], 'summary': "Cryptocurrency's impact on the nature of money is uncertain, but bitcoin's rise may replace gold as a store of value.", 'duration': 94.963, 'max_score': 4309.041, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44309041.jpg'}, {'end': 4714.711, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4690.317, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4699.142, 'text': "there's a bunch of different technologies that are really exciting that don't want to address how difficult it is to out-compete the current accepted alternative.", 'start': 4690.317, 'duration': 8.825}, {'end': 4700.963, 'text': 'So for example, autonomous vehicles.', 'start': 4699.222, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 4703.064, 'text': 'A lot of people are really excited.', 'start': 4701.784, 'duration': 1.28}, {'end': 4714.711, 'text': "But it's not trivial to out-compete Uber on the cost and the effectiveness and the user experience and all those kinds of sorry Uber driven by humans.", 'start': 4704.165, 'duration': 10.546}], 'summary': 'Challenging to out-compete current alternatives in technologies like autonomous vehicles.', 'duration': 24.394, 'max_score': 4690.317, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44690317.jpg'}], 'start': 4286.474, 'title': 'Rethinking money and the future of cryptocurrency', 'summary': "Debates the nature of money, including cryptocurrency, and its ever-changing definition. it also discusses bitcoin's dominance over gold, the uncertainty surrounding other forms of crypto, and the challenges of competing with fiat currency, highlighting the lack of clarity in defining the future of cryptocurrency.", 'chapters': [{'end': 4357.692, 'start': 4286.474, 'title': 'Debating the nature of money', 'summary': 'Delves into the philosophical discussion around the nature of money, questioning its fundamental definition and the recent excitement around cryptocurrency, presenting a thought-provoking analysis on the ever-changing nature of currency.', 'duration': 71.218, 'highlights': ['The philosophical discussion of the nature of money and the recent excitement around cryptocurrency is presented, leading to a thought-provoking analysis on the ever-changing nature of currency.', 'The speaker questions the fundamental definition of money and its history, including the use of bills of exchange and various forms of currency in medieval times.', 'The natural state of human beings being confused about the concept of money is highlighted, suggesting that having more debate on the topic is beneficial.']}, {'end': 4734.945, 'start': 4358.913, 'title': 'Bitcoin and the future of crypto', 'summary': "Discusses the sustainability of bitcoin's dominance over gold, the uncertainty surrounding other forms of crypto, the potential value of bitcoin, and the challenges of crypto competing with fiat currency, highlighting the lack of clarity in defining the future of crypto and the difficulty of outcompeting fiat currency.", 'duration': 376.032, 'highlights': ["Bitcoin's sustainability as a dominant asset over gold and its potential value reaching a million dollars. Bitcoin has taken over a lot of the space held by gold, and its price has crossed $50,000 for a single Bitcoin. The potential value of Bitcoin reaching a million dollars is discussed.", 'Uncertainty surrounding other forms of crypto and skepticism about their success, with a 40-60 optimistic view on their adoption. The speaker expresses deep uncertainty about the less popular forms of crypto, stating that they are somewhat more likely to fail than succeed. A 40-60 optimistic view is held about their adoption.', "Comparison of crypto's challenges to compete with fiat currency with the difficulty of out-competing the current accepted alternative in other technologies, such as autonomous vehicles. The difficulty of crypto out-competing fiat currency is compared to the challenge of autonomous vehicles out-competing Uber in terms of cost, effectiveness, and user experience."]}], 'duration': 448.471, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44286474.jpg', 'highlights': ["Bitcoin's sustainability as a dominant asset over gold and its potential value reaching a million dollars.", 'The philosophical discussion of the nature of money and the recent excitement around cryptocurrency is presented, leading to a thought-provoking analysis on the ever-changing nature of currency.', 'The speaker questions the fundamental definition of money and its history, including the use of bills of exchange and various forms of currency in medieval times.', "Comparison of crypto's challenges to compete with fiat currency with the difficulty of out-competing the current accepted alternative in other technologies, such as autonomous vehicles.", 'The natural state of human beings being confused about the concept of money is highlighted, suggesting that having more debate on the topic is beneficial.', 'Uncertainty surrounding other forms of crypto and skepticism about their success, with a 40-60 optimistic view on their adoption.']}, {'end': 5890.336, 'segs': [{'end': 4779.41, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4756.999, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4765.163, 'text': 'So something like DeFi, I fully get why that is cheaper or for some can be cheaper than other ways of conducting financial intermediation.', 'start': 4756.999, 'duration': 8.164}, {'end': 4767.804, 'text': 'But some of that is regulatory arbitrage.', 'start': 4765.643, 'duration': 2.161}, {'end': 4771.506, 'text': 'It will not be allowed to go on forever, for better or worse.', 'start': 4768.565, 'duration': 2.941}, {'end': 4774.628, 'text': 'I would rather see it given greater tolerance.', 'start': 4772.527, 'duration': 2.101}, {'end': 4777.509, 'text': 'But the point is banking lobby is strong.', 'start': 4775.148, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 4779.41, 'text': 'The government will only let it run so far.', 'start': 4777.549, 'duration': 1.861}], 'summary': 'Defi can be cheaper due to regulatory arbitrage, but its future is limited by banking lobby and government regulations.', 'duration': 22.411, 'max_score': 4756.999, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44756999.jpg'}, {'end': 4850.035, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4823.051, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4826.454, 'text': "So that game might continue, but I don't think it's of macroeconomic importance.", 'start': 4823.051, 'duration': 3.403}, {'end': 4832.218, 'text': 'And the price of those stocks in the medium term will end up wherever it ought to be.', 'start': 4826.994, 'duration': 5.224}, {'end': 4836.944, 'text': 'So these are little outliers from a macroeconomics perspective.', 'start': 4833.001, 'duration': 3.943}, {'end': 4839.567, 'text': "They're not going to..", 'start': 4837.064, 'duration': 2.503}, {'end': 4846.312, 'text': 'These are not signals of a shifting power, like from centralized power to distributed power.', 'start': 4839.567, 'duration': 6.745}, {'end': 4850.035, 'text': "These aren't some fundamental changes in the way our economy works.", 'start': 4846.332, 'duration': 3.703}], 'summary': 'Stock price fluctuations not macroeconomically significant.', 'duration': 26.984, 'max_score': 4823.051, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44823051.jpg'}, {'end': 4948.679, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4918.995, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4922.758, 'text': "That's how I would kind of dissect the mistake I think people are making.", 'start': 4918.995, 'duration': 3.763}, {'end': 4927.901, 'text': 'Then the macro phenomenon, there are there, do you mean..', 'start': 4925.059, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 4928.782, 'text': "Everyone's weird now.", 'start': 4927.901, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 4932.964, 'text': 'The internet either allows us to be weirder or makes us weirder.', 'start': 4929.182, 'duration': 3.782}, {'end': 4934.465, 'text': "I'm not sure what's the right way to put it.", 'start': 4932.984, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 4935.346, 'text': 'Maybe a mix of both.', 'start': 4934.565, 'duration': 0.781}, {'end': 4943.534, 'text': "You're probably right that it allows us to be weirder because, okay, so this connects to our previous conversation.", 'start': 4936.448, 'duration': 7.086}, {'end': 4948.679, 'text': 'Does America allow us to be weirder or does it make us weirder??', 'start': 4944.035, 'duration': 4.644}], 'summary': 'The internet allows us to be weirder, impacting social behavior and perception.', 'duration': 29.684, 'max_score': 4918.995, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44918995.jpg'}, {'end': 5047.4, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5006.056, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 5011.68, 'text': 'and to figure out which are like the weird chess openings and which are fundamental to the new and growing weirdness.', 'start': 5006.056, 'duration': 5.624}, {'end': 5014.442, 'text': "That's what a hedge fund investor type should be trying to do.", 'start': 5011.72, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 5016.823, 'text': 'I just think no one knows yet.', 'start': 5015.082, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 5021.727, 'text': "It's like this itself, this fun weird guessing game, which we're partly engaging in right now.", 'start': 5016.923, 'duration': 4.804}, {'end': 5026.27, 'text': 'Exactly As Eric talks about.', 'start': 5022.287, 'duration': 3.983}, {'end': 5035.376, 'text': "on the science side of things I sit at MIT, especially in the machine learning field, there's a natural institutional resistance to the weird.", 'start': 5026.27, 'duration': 9.106}, {'end': 5040.678, 'text': "It's very, as they talk about, it's difficult to hire weird faculty, for example.", 'start': 5036.236, 'duration': 4.442}, {'end': 5047.4, 'text': 'You want to hire and give tenure to people that are safe, not weird.', 'start': 5041.398, 'duration': 6.002}], 'summary': 'Hedge fund investors should navigate weird chess openings; mit faces resistance to hiring weird faculty.', 'duration': 41.344, 'max_score': 5006.056, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor45006056.jpg'}, {'end': 5116.826, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5091.136, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 5098.238, 'text': 'The biggest problem to me is the rank absurd conformism at kind of second tier schools, maybe in the top 40,', 'start': 5091.136, 'duration': 7.102}, {'end': 5102.66, 'text': 'but not in the top dozen that are just trying to be like a junior MIT.', 'start': 5098.238, 'duration': 4.422}, {'end': 5104.441, 'text': "but it's mediocre and copycat.", 'start': 5102.66, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 5110.863, 'text': "And they're the most dogmatic enforcers of weirdness that like Harvard is more open than those second tier schools.", 'start': 5104.921, 'duration': 5.942}, {'end': 5116.826, 'text': 'And those second tier schools are pretty good typically, right? But the mediocrity is enforced there.', 'start': 5111.543, 'duration': 5.283}], 'summary': 'Second-tier schools enforce mediocrity, copying top schools like junior mit.', 'duration': 25.69, 'max_score': 5091.136, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor45091136.jpg'}, {'end': 5450.967, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5426.958, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 5435.501, 'text': "So there's a sense that podcasting and whatever this is, it doesn't have to be podcasting will drive some innovation within MIT,", 'start': 5426.958, 'duration': 8.543}, {'end': 5437.002, 'text': 'within different universities.', 'start': 5435.501, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 5439.082, 'text': "There's a sense that things are changing.", 'start': 5437.602, 'duration': 1.48}, {'end': 5441.123, 'text': "It's just that universities lag behind.", 'start': 5439.242, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 5445.125, 'text': 'And my hope is that they catch up quickly.', 'start': 5441.143, 'duration': 3.982}, {'end': 5450.967, 'text': 'They innovate in some way that goes along with the innovations of the internet.', 'start': 5445.145, 'duration': 5.822}], 'summary': 'Podcasting driving innovation in universities, hoping for quick catch-up with internet innovations.', 'duration': 24.009, 'max_score': 5426.958, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor45426958.jpg'}, {'end': 5602.967, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5575.831, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 5582.173, 'text': 'I have not seen a debunking of the technical data, which is eyewitness reports and images and radar.', 'start': 5575.831, 'duration': 6.342}, {'end': 5585.734, 'text': 'Again, at a technical level, I feel quite uncertain on that turf.', 'start': 5582.233, 'duration': 3.501}, {'end': 5594.335, 'text': "But evaluating the testimony of witnesses, it seems to me it's now at a threshold where one ought to take it seriously.", 'start': 5586.654, 'duration': 7.681}, {'end': 5602.967, 'text': "One of the problems with UFO sightings is that because of people with good equipment, don't take it seriously.", 'start': 5596.556, 'duration': 6.411}], 'summary': 'Eyewitness reports, images, and radar data support serious consideration of ufo sightings.', 'duration': 27.136, 'max_score': 5575.831, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor45575831.jpg'}, {'end': 5662.627, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5634.403, 'weight': 8, 'content': [{'end': 5643.346, 'text': "And that creates a kind of divide where the scientists ignore that this is happening and there's the masses of people who are curious about it.", 'start': 5634.403, 'duration': 8.943}, {'end': 5650.073, 'text': "And then there's the government that's full of secrets that's leaking some confusion.", 'start': 5644.106, 'duration': 5.967}, {'end': 5652.716, 'text': 'And it creates distrust in the government.', 'start': 5650.814, 'duration': 1.902}, {'end': 5654.458, 'text': 'It creates distrust in science.', 'start': 5652.816, 'duration': 1.642}, {'end': 5662.627, 'text': 'And it prevents the scientists from being able to explore some cool topics, some exciting possibilities that they should be.', 'start': 5655.379, 'duration': 7.248}], 'summary': 'Distrust in government and science hinders exploration of exciting possibilities.', 'duration': 28.224, 'max_score': 5634.403, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor45634403.jpg'}], 'start': 4735.505, 'title': 'Impact of cryptocurrency, defi, wall street bets, weirdness in academia, and ufo sightings', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of cryptocurrency competition, regulatory challenges facing defi, macroeconomic significance of the wall street bets phenomenon, prevalence of weirdness in academia, the need for innovation in universities, and the case for taking ufo sightings seriously.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4980.801, 'start': 4735.505, 'title': 'Cryptocurrency, defi, and wall street bets', 'summary': 'Discusses the impact of cryptocurrency competition, the regulatory challenges facing defi, and the macroeconomic significance of the wall street bets phenomenon, highlighting the limitations of decentralized power and the influence of the internet on societal behavior and economics.', 'duration': 245.296, 'highlights': ['The regulatory challenges facing DeFi, as it relies on regulatory arbitrage, will not be allowed to go on forever, and will eventually face capital and reporting requirements that will diminish its advantages.', 'The macroeconomic significance of the Wall Street Bets phenomenon is limited, and it does not signal a shifting power from centralized to distributed power, but rather reflects the influence of the internet on societal behavior and economics.', 'The internet allows people to be weirder, influencing societal behavior, and making it both fantastic and troubling in good and bad ways.']}, {'end': 5469.301, 'start': 4981.541, 'title': 'Weirdness in academia and innovation', 'summary': 'Discusses the prevalence of weirdness in academia, the resistance to weirdness in science, the need for innovation in universities, and the influence of podcasts on humanities.', 'duration': 487.76, 'highlights': ['The prevalence of weirdness in academia and the need for hedge fund investors to identify fundamental aspects of the growing weirdness. The chapter discusses the prevalence of weirdness in academia and compares it to the trend of chess players playing more weird openings. It emphasizes the need for hedge fund investors to identify fundamental aspects of the growing weirdness.', 'Institutional resistance to weirdness in science, particularly in the machine learning field, and the challenge of balancing the need for safety and innovation. The chapter highlights the institutional resistance to weirdness in science, especially in the machine learning field, and discusses the challenge of balancing the need for safety and innovation.', 'The concern about mediocrity and conformity in universities, the impact on junior faculty, and the need for up-and-coming schools to foster innovation. The chapter discusses the concern about mediocrity and conformity in universities and its impact on junior faculty. It emphasizes the need for up-and-coming schools to foster innovation.', 'The influence of podcasts on humanities, the lack of diversity in discussions, and the potential for podcasts to drive innovation within universities. The chapter explores the influence of podcasts on humanities, the lack of diversity in discussions, and the potential for podcasts to drive innovation within universities.']}, {'end': 5890.336, 'start': 5471.107, 'title': 'Taking ufo sightings seriously', 'summary': 'Discusses the case for taking ufo sightings seriously, backed by data from the navy and high-level officials, while addressing the societal divide, distrust in government and science, and the need for open-minded exploration of the possibilities.', 'duration': 419.229, 'highlights': ['The data from the Navy, supported by high-level officials like former heads of CIA, suggests the need for taking UFO sightings seriously, with sociological data indicating widespread uncertainty (e.g., numerous senators, Hillary Clinton, Brennan) (Relevance: 5)', 'The divide between scientists and the masses, along with government secrecy, creates distrust and prevents open exploration of intriguing possibilities, hindering scientific curiosity and progress (Relevance: 4)', 'The positive evidence for UFOs being of alien origin is weak, but the sheer puzzle it presents warrants serious exploration, and dismissing it outright is unproductive (Relevance: 3)', "The government's deeply puzzled stance on UFOs reflects a funny inertia and reluctance to embrace new beliefs, indicating a need for genuine, internal seriousness in addressing the matter (Relevance: 2)", 'The suspicion of governments hiding information about UFOs reflects a broader societal distrust in institutions, and while declassifying everything may not reveal concrete evidence, it would likely point towards the same puzzle (Relevance: 1)']}], 'duration': 1154.831, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor44735505.jpg', 'highlights': ['The regulatory challenges facing DeFi will eventually face capital and reporting requirements.', 'The macroeconomic significance of the Wall Street Bets phenomenon is limited.', 'The internet allows people to be weirder, influencing societal behavior.', 'The prevalence of weirdness in academia and the need for hedge fund investors to identify fundamental aspects of the growing weirdness.', 'Institutional resistance to weirdness in science, particularly in the machine learning field, and the challenge of balancing the need for safety and innovation.', 'The concern about mediocrity and conformity in universities and the impact on junior faculty.', 'The influence of podcasts on humanities and the potential for podcasts to drive innovation within universities.', 'The data from the Navy, supported by high-level officials like former heads of CIA, suggests the need for taking UFO sightings seriously.', 'The divide between scientists and the masses, along with government secrecy, creates distrust and prevents open exploration of intriguing possibilities.', 'The positive evidence for UFOs being of alien origin is weak, but the sheer puzzle it presents warrants serious exploration.']}, {'end': 6932.417, 'segs': [{'end': 5966.491, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 5938.864, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 5946.566, 'text': "You could say, like writing nonfiction, there's something art-like about it, but it's a different urge, I would say.", 'start': 5938.864, 'duration': 7.702}, {'end': 5952.948, 'text': 'So why do some people have it? I think human brains are very different.', 'start': 5948.046, 'duration': 4.902}, {'end': 5957.029, 'text': "It's a different notion of working through a problem.", 'start': 5954.228, 'duration': 2.801}, {'end': 5960.49, 'text': 'You and I enjoy working through analytic problems.', 'start': 5957.229, 'duration': 3.261}, {'end': 5964.671, 'text': 'For me, economics, for you, AI and other areas, or your humanities podcast.', 'start': 5960.97, 'duration': 3.701}, {'end': 5966.491, 'text': "But that's fun.", 'start': 5965.711, 'duration': 0.78}], 'summary': 'Different brains have different urges for problem-solving in various fields.', 'duration': 27.627, 'max_score': 5938.864, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor45938864.jpg'}, {'end': 6118.907, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6088.077, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 6094.498, 'text': "And being in Florence or in the Vatican, you're already primed for a lot, right? You can't pull that out.", 'start': 6088.077, 'duration': 6.421}, {'end': 6104.7, 'text': "But just technically, how they express the emotion of human form, I do honestly intellectually think they're the two greatest artworks for doing that.", 'start': 6095.479, 'duration': 9.221}, {'end': 6106.36, 'text': "That's not all that art does.", 'start': 6105.22, 'duration': 1.14}, {'end': 6108.021, 'text': 'Not all art is about the human form.', 'start': 6106.5, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 6109.661, 'text': 'But they are phenomenal.', 'start': 6108.621, 'duration': 1.04}, {'end': 6118.907, 'text': 'And I think critical opinion not that everyone agrees, but my view is not considered a crazy one within the broader court of critical opinion.', 'start': 6111.141, 'duration': 7.766}], 'summary': 'Florence and the vatican host two greatest artworks expressing human emotion.', 'duration': 30.83, 'max_score': 6088.077, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46088077.jpg'}, {'end': 6287.912, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6258.823, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 6264.908, 'text': "So I wonder if there's just a higher learning curve, a steeper learning curve for contemporary art,", 'start': 6258.823, 'duration': 6.085}, {'end': 6271.774, 'text': "meaning it takes more work to appreciate the stories, the context from which they're thinking about this work.", 'start': 6264.908, 'duration': 6.866}, {'end': 6280.462, 'text': 'It feels like in order to appreciate the art, contemporary, certain pieces of contemporary art, you have to know the story better behind the art.', 'start': 6272.575, 'duration': 7.887}, {'end': 6287.912, 'text': "I think that's true for many people, but I think it's a funny shape distribution because there's a whole other set of people.", 'start': 6281.508, 'duration': 6.404}], 'summary': 'Contemporary art requires deeper understanding for appreciation.', 'duration': 29.089, 'max_score': 6258.823, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46258823.jpg'}, {'end': 6431.41, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6402.148, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 6409.135, 'text': 'Wait, is it possible the scarcity of time contributed to the richness of the experience? Of course, but the point is that scarcity still holds.', 'start': 6402.148, 'duration': 6.987}, {'end': 6413.28, 'text': 'So I want one more dose of the food from Hamoseo.', 'start': 6410.096, 'duration': 3.184}, {'end': 6420.885, 'text': "Can we describe what the food is? It's the one kind of Mexican food that at least nominally is just like the Mexican food you get in the US.", 'start': 6413.44, 'duration': 7.445}, {'end': 6422.406, 'text': "There are burritos, there's fajitas.", 'start': 6420.905, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 6431.41, 'text': "It doesn't taste at all like our stuff, but again, nominally, it's the part of Mexican food that made it into the US, was then transformed,", 'start': 6422.866, 'duration': 8.544}], 'summary': 'Scarcity of time enriched the food experience at hamoseo, offering mexican dishes like burritos and fajitas.', 'duration': 29.262, 'max_score': 6402.148, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46402148.jpg'}, {'end': 6524.388, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6496.414, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 6499.056, 'text': "So here, there's only a small number of kinds of chilies you can get.", 'start': 6496.414, 'duration': 2.642}, {'end': 6503.599, 'text': "In most parts of Mexico, there's quite a large number of chilies you can get.", 'start': 6499.796, 'duration': 3.803}, {'end': 6508.423, 'text': "They're different, they're fresher, but it's just like a different thing, the chilies.", 'start': 6504.18, 'duration': 4.243}, {'end': 6515.819, 'text': 'The wheat used, so this is wheat territory, not corn territory, which is itself interesting.', 'start': 6510.593, 'duration': 5.226}, {'end': 6519.643, 'text': 'The wheat is more diverse and more complex.', 'start': 6517.461, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 6524.388, 'text': "Here it's more homogenized, obviously cheaper, more efficient, but there it is better.", 'start': 6519.703, 'duration': 4.685}], 'summary': "In mexico, there's a larger variety of fresher chilies and more diverse wheat compared to the limited options and homogenized wheat in this area.", 'duration': 27.974, 'max_score': 6496.414, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46496414.jpg'}, {'end': 6890.25, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6864.543, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 6877.427, 'text': 'What books three or so books, if any, come to mind, technical fiction, philosophical would you recommend had a big impact on you,', 'start': 6864.543, 'duration': 12.884}, {'end': 6879.808, 'text': 'or you just drew some insights from throughout your life?', 'start': 6877.427, 'duration': 2.381}, {'end': 6882.108, 'text': "Well, two of them we've already discussed.", 'start': 6880.408, 'duration': 1.7}, {'end': 6887.69, 'text': "One is Plato's Dialogues, which I started reading when I was like 13.", 'start': 6882.468, 'duration': 5.222}, {'end': 6890.25, 'text': 'Another is Ayn Rand, The Unknown Ideal.', 'start': 6887.69, 'duration': 2.56}], 'summary': "Plato's dialogues and ayn rand's the unknown ideal had a big impact on the speaker, the former since age 13.", 'duration': 25.707, 'max_score': 6864.543, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46864543.jpg'}], 'start': 5890.917, 'title': 'Art, appreciation, and culinary exploration', 'summary': 'Delves into the human urge to create art, perspectives on appreciating art, and a culinary exploration encompassing last meal preference and differences between mexican and us food ingredients and cooking methods.', 'chapters': [{'end': 5999.091, 'start': 5890.917, 'title': 'The urge to create art', 'summary': 'Discusses the human urge to create art, highlighting the different perspectives and motivations behind it, with the speaker expressing reluctance towards creating art despite recognizing the diverse nature of human brains and their various problem-solving abilities.', 'duration': 108.174, 'highlights': ['The speaker discusses the different perspectives and motivations behind the human urge to create art, emphasizing that while some people enjoy working through analytic problems, others are drawn to visually expressing themselves through physical materials and canvas.', 'The speaker expresses reluctance towards creating art, stating that while some individuals may find joy in painting, the speaker personally does not feel the same urge and would not be satisfied with the result, highlighting the diverse nature of human brains and their varying problem-solving abilities.', 'The chapter touches upon the unique and somewhat weird nature of some individuals who aspire to create art, highlighting that while the urge to create art may not be universal, it is a notable aspect of human behavior, showcasing the differences in human brains and their inclinations towards problem-solving and creative expression.']}, {'end': 6331.272, 'start': 6000.231, 'title': 'Appreciating art and contemporary art', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of good and bad in art, discusses the most beautiful artworks encountered, and emphasizes the importance of understanding and appreciating contemporary art, highlighting the depth and complexity of the genre.', 'duration': 331.041, 'highlights': ['The Pieta and the David statue by Michelangelo are considered the two greatest artworks for expressing the emotion of human form, according to critical opinion.', "Vermeer's artwork 'The Art of Painting' in Vienna's Kunsthistorisches Museum had a profound impact, emphasizing the transformative experience of viewing art in person.", 'Contemporary art is a profound body of human thought, requiring effort to appreciate, and dismissing it as junk is a mistake, as it holds genuine pleasures for those who understand and engage with it.', 'Understanding contemporary art may require learning the context and stories behind the work, and while entry barriers can be high, there are individuals, including small children, who can appreciate abstract art more easily than traditional art.']}, {'end': 6932.417, 'start': 6331.292, 'title': 'Last meal and culinary exploration', 'summary': 'Explores the concept of a last meal and culinary exploration, discussing the last meal preference, the unique food experience in hermosillo, mexico, and the detailed differences in food ingredients and cooking methods between mexico and the us.', 'duration': 601.125, 'highlights': ['The conversation delves into the concept of a last meal, discussing the preference for a last meal in Hermosillo, Mexico, known for its unique and exceptional food. Last meal preference, unique food experience in Hermosillo, Mexico', 'The speaker explains the distinct differences in food ingredients and cooking methods between Mexico and the US, highlighting the quality of ingredients such as dry-aged beef, diverse wheat, and non-pasteurized cheeses in Mexico. Differences in food ingredients and cooking methods between Mexico and the US, quality of ingredients', 'The discussion touches on the impact of price changes on global behavior, using the example of the price of copper to illustrate how people adapt and change their behaviors in response to economic shifts. Impact of price changes on global behavior, illustration using the example of the price of copper', "The conversation references influential books including Plato's Dialogues, Ayn Rand's The Unknown Ideal, and Friedrich Hayek's essay on The Use of Knowledge in Society, emphasizing their impact on the speaker's life. Influential books including Plato's Dialogues, Ayn Rand's The Unknown Ideal, Friedrich Hayek's essay"]}], 'duration': 1041.5, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor45890917.jpg', 'highlights': ['The urge to create art varies among individuals, showcasing diverse problem-solving abilities.', 'The Pieta and the David statue by Michelangelo are considered the greatest artworks for expressing human emotion.', 'Contemporary art holds genuine pleasures for those who understand and engage with it.', 'Understanding contemporary art may require learning the context and stories behind the work.', 'The conversation delves into the concept of a last meal, discussing the preference for a last meal in Hermosillo, Mexico.', 'Distinct differences in food ingredients and cooking methods between Mexico and the US are highlighted.', "Influential books including Plato's Dialogues, Ayn Rand's The Unknown Ideal, Friedrich Hayek's essay are referenced."]}, {'end': 7788.617, 'segs': [{'end': 7018.399, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 6933.958, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 6937.982, 'text': 'And this one event creates this one tiny change in information.', 'start': 6933.958, 'duration': 4.024}, {'end': 6940.464, 'text': 'It gets into your AI work very directly.', 'start': 6938.122, 'duration': 2.342}, {'end': 6950.058, 'text': 'And how much complexity that one change engenders in a meaningful, coherent way, how the different pieces of the price system fit together.', 'start': 6941.334, 'duration': 8.724}, {'end': 6960.282, 'text': "Hayek really laid out very clearly, and it's like an AI problem, and how well—not for everything, but for many things—we solve that AI problem.", 'start': 6950.878, 'duration': 9.404}, {'end': 6964.004, 'text': 'I learned, I was I think 13, maybe 14, when I read Hayek.', 'start': 6961.003, 'duration': 3.001}, {'end': 6966.694, 'text': 'the distributed nature of things there.', 'start': 6965.072, 'duration': 1.622}, {'end': 6970.839, 'text': "It's like your work on human attention, like how much can we take in? Yes.", 'start': 6967.495, 'duration': 3.344}, {'end': 6973.062, 'text': 'Very often, not that much.', 'start': 6971.74, 'duration': 1.322}, {'end': 6980.932, 'text': 'How many of the advances of modern civilization you need to understand as a response to that constraint? I got that also from Hayek.', 'start': 6974.023, 'duration': 6.909}, {'end': 6986.034, 'text': "What's the title of the book again? It's reprinted in a lot of books at this point.", 'start': 6981.432, 'duration': 4.602}, {'end': 6989.677, 'text': 'But back then, the book was called Individualism and Economic Order.', 'start': 6986.094, 'duration': 3.583}, {'end': 6994.14, 'text': 'But the essay is online, Hayek, Use of Knowledge in Society.', 'start': 6990.557, 'duration': 3.583}, {'end': 6996.822, 'text': 'There are open access versions of it through Google.', 'start': 6994.541, 'duration': 2.281}, {'end': 6998.404, 'text': "And you don't need the whole book.", 'start': 6997.403, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 6999.965, 'text': "So it's a very good book.", 'start': 6999.104, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 7009.41, 'text': 'Again one of those profound looking over the ocean, maybe sitting on a porch, maybe with a drink of some kind,', 'start': 7002.242, 'duration': 7.168}, {'end': 7015.075, 'text': 'and a young kid comes by and asks you for advice.', 'start': 7009.41, 'duration': 5.665}, {'end': 7016.897, 'text': 'what advice would you give? A drink.', 'start': 7015.075, 'duration': 1.822}, {'end': 7018.399, 'text': "that's my advice.", 'start': 7016.897, 'duration': 1.502}], 'summary': "Hayek's work on complexity and distributed nature has ai relevance and implications for human attention and modern civilization.", 'duration': 26.324, 'max_score': 6933.958, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46933958.jpg'}, {'end': 7009.41, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 6981.432, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 6986.034, 'text': "What's the title of the book again? It's reprinted in a lot of books at this point.", 'start': 6981.432, 'duration': 4.602}, {'end': 6989.677, 'text': 'But back then, the book was called Individualism and Economic Order.', 'start': 6986.094, 'duration': 3.583}, {'end': 6994.14, 'text': 'But the essay is online, Hayek, Use of Knowledge in Society.', 'start': 6990.557, 'duration': 3.583}, {'end': 6996.822, 'text': 'There are open access versions of it through Google.', 'start': 6994.541, 'duration': 2.281}, {'end': 6998.404, 'text': "And you don't need the whole book.", 'start': 6997.403, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 6999.965, 'text': "So it's a very good book.", 'start': 6999.104, 'duration': 0.861}, {'end': 7009.41, 'text': 'Again one of those profound looking over the ocean, maybe sitting on a porch, maybe with a drink of some kind,', 'start': 7002.242, 'duration': 7.168}], 'summary': "The essay 'use of knowledge in society' by hayek is available online and in open access versions through google, and is a part of the book 'individualism and economic order.'", 'duration': 27.978, 'max_score': 6981.432, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46981432.jpg'}, {'end': 7066.527, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7035.913, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 7038.335, 'text': 'which is probably more important than career?', 'start': 7035.913, 'duration': 2.422}, {'end': 7044.019, 'text': 'Most good advice is context-specific, but here are my two generic pieces of advice.', 'start': 7039.415, 'duration': 4.604}, {'end': 7046.101, 'text': 'First, get a mentor.', 'start': 7045.08, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 7049.057, 'text': 'Both career, but anything you want to learn.', 'start': 7047.216, 'duration': 1.841}, {'end': 7051.038, 'text': 'Say you want to learn about contemporary art.', 'start': 7049.257, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 7052.419, 'text': 'People write me this.', 'start': 7051.579, 'duration': 0.84}, {'end': 7056.381, 'text': "What book should I read? It's probably not going to work that way.", 'start': 7053.219, 'duration': 3.162}, {'end': 7057.122, 'text': 'You need a mentor.', 'start': 7056.401, 'duration': 0.721}, {'end': 7063.385, 'text': 'Yes, you should read some books on it, but you want a mentor to help you frame them, take you around to some art, talk about it with you.', 'start': 7057.162, 'duration': 6.223}, {'end': 7066.527, 'text': 'Get as many mentors as you can in the things you want to learn.', 'start': 7064.086, 'duration': 2.441}], 'summary': 'Get a mentor for learning, career development. multiple mentors recommended.', 'duration': 30.614, 'max_score': 7035.913, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor47035913.jpg'}, {'end': 7218.839, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7188.813, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 7189.854, 'text': "And that's your small group.", 'start': 7188.813, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 7193.355, 'text': 'And you really like them and they like you and you care what you think about each other.', 'start': 7189.954, 'duration': 3.401}, {'end': 7195.136, 'text': 'And you have this common interest.', 'start': 7193.955, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 7198.883, 'text': "that's for human connection or that's for development of ideas?", 'start': 7196.041, 'duration': 2.842}, {'end': 7199.384, 'text': "it's both.", 'start': 7198.883, 'duration': 0.501}, {'end': 7206.589, 'text': "they're not that different, like Beatles, classic small group, right, uh, but there's so much drama.", 'start': 7199.384, 'duration': 7.205}, {'end': 7211.913, 'text': "the Florentine artists, of course, there's drama, and small groups tend to split up, which is fine, just like entering.", 'start': 7206.589, 'duration': 5.324}, {'end': 7214.215, 'text': 'relationships often end.', 'start': 7211.913, 'duration': 2.302}, {'end': 7218.839, 'text': "but it's remarkable how little has been done that was not done in small groups in some way.", 'start': 7214.215, 'duration': 4.624}], 'summary': 'Small groups foster human connection and idea development, despite drama and occasional splitting up.', 'duration': 30.026, 'max_score': 7188.813, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor47188813.jpg'}, {'end': 7257.345, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7231.758, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 7239.687, 'text': "What's the role of love, friendship, family in life? In a successful life or just life in general??", 'start': 7231.758, 'duration': 7.929}, {'end': 7241.669, 'text': 'Why the hell are we so into this thing??', 'start': 7240.087, 'duration': 1.582}, {'end': 7245.418, 'text': 'There are multiple layers of understanding that question.', 'start': 7242.196, 'duration': 3.222}, {'end': 7247.759, 'text': 'The lowest layer is the Darwinian answer.', 'start': 7245.458, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 7253.642, 'text': "If we weren't this way, we wouldn't have been successful in reproducing and building alliances.", 'start': 7248.56, 'duration': 5.082}, {'end': 7257.345, 'text': "It's important to realize that's far from complete.", 'start': 7254.523, 'duration': 2.822}], 'summary': 'The role of love, friendship, and family is essential for successful life due to evolutionary advantages.', 'duration': 25.587, 'max_score': 7231.758, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor47231758.jpg'}, {'end': 7609.345, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7579.992, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 7581.653, 'text': 'I think death will be bad.', 'start': 7579.992, 'duration': 1.661}, {'end': 7583.613, 'text': "I wouldn't say I'm afraid of it.", 'start': 7581.673, 'duration': 1.94}, {'end': 7587.834, 'text': 'For me, the worst thing about death is not knowing how the human story turns out.', 'start': 7584.033, 'duration': 3.801}, {'end': 7589.773, 'text': 'The full human story.', 'start': 7588.792, 'duration': 0.981}, {'end': 7590.713, 'text': 'The full human story.', 'start': 7589.793, 'duration': 0.92}, {'end': 7598.958, 'text': 'So if I could, right before I die, read a Wikipedia page called The Rest of Human History and have enough time just a few days to absorb it,', 'start': 7590.753, 'duration': 8.205}, {'end': 7607.084, 'text': "think about it and know like oh well, 643 years from now, that's when all the atomic weapons went off, and here's what happened between now and then,", 'start': 7598.958, 'duration': 8.126}, {'end': 7609.345, 'text': 'I would feel much better dying.', 'start': 7607.084, 'duration': 2.261}], 'summary': 'Speaker wants to know the future human history before dying, to feel better.', 'duration': 29.353, 'max_score': 7579.992, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor47579992.jpg'}, {'end': 7713.712, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7687.308, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 7691.37, 'text': 'What would you put in the section on the meaning of human existence?', 'start': 7687.308, 'duration': 4.062}, {'end': 7693.391, 'text': "I don't know links to a lot of other sections?", 'start': 7691.71, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 7699.363, 'text': "I don't think there are general statements about the meaning of life that have that much meaning.", 'start': 7696, 'duration': 3.363}, {'end': 7706.968, 'text': "I think if you study different cultures, the arts, travel, mathematics, whatever your thing is, you'll get a lot about the meaning of life.", 'start': 7699.923, 'duration': 7.045}, {'end': 7712.151, 'text': "It's there in Wikipedia in some bigger sense, but I don't want to read the page on the meaning.", 'start': 7707.568, 'duration': 4.583}, {'end': 7713.712, 'text': 'I bet they have such a page, in fact.', 'start': 7712.211, 'duration': 1.501}], 'summary': 'Exploring diverse disciplines reveals insights on human existence.', 'duration': 26.404, 'max_score': 7687.308, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor47687308.jpg'}, {'end': 7784.953, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 7719.136, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 7720.317, 'text': "I know you've been wondering about this.", 'start': 7719.136, 'duration': 1.181}, {'end': 7721.238, 'text': 'You got to read this one.', 'start': 7720.337, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 7725.94, 'text': "No one's ever done that to you, have they? It probably has actually gone to that page.", 'start': 7721.638, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 7730.442, 'text': 'It does in fact have a lot of links to other pages.', 'start': 7726.14, 'duration': 4.302}, {'end': 7731.963, 'text': "So that's it.", 'start': 7731.042, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 7741.187, 'text': 'The meaning of life is just a bunch of self-referential or citation needed type of statements.', 'start': 7732.863, 'duration': 8.324}, {'end': 7743.819, 'text': "I think there's no better way to end it.", 'start': 7742.338, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 7745.059, 'text': 'Tyler, this is a huge honor.', 'start': 7743.879, 'duration': 1.18}, {'end': 7746.04, 'text': "I'm a huge fan.", 'start': 7745.119, 'duration': 0.921}, {'end': 7750.022, 'text': 'Thank you so much for wasting all of this time with me.', 'start': 7747.521, 'duration': 2.501}, {'end': 7751.923, 'text': "It was one of the greatest conversations I've ever had.", 'start': 7750.042, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 7752.543, 'text': 'Thank you so much.', 'start': 7752.003, 'duration': 0.54}, {'end': 7756.605, 'text': 'My pleasure and delighted to finally have met you and that we can do this.', 'start': 7752.783, 'duration': 3.822}, {'end': 7759.986, 'text': 'Thanks for listening to this conversation with Tyler Cohen.', 'start': 7757.765, 'duration': 2.221}, {'end': 7765.409, 'text': 'And thank you to Linode, ExpressVPN, SimpliSafe, and Public Goods.', 'start': 7760.307, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 7768.831, 'text': 'Check them out in the description to support this podcast.', 'start': 7765.969, 'duration': 2.862}, {'end': 7772.722, 'text': 'And now let me leave you with some words from Adam Smith.', 'start': 7769.619, 'duration': 3.103}, {'end': 7781.47, 'text': 'Little else is requisite to carry a state to the highest degree of opulence from the lowest barbarism, but peace,', 'start': 7773.843, 'duration': 7.627}, {'end': 7784.953, 'text': 'easy taxes and a tolerable administration of justice.', 'start': 7781.47, 'duration': 3.483}], 'summary': 'The transcript includes self-referential statements and ends with a quote from adam smith.', 'duration': 65.817, 'max_score': 7719.136, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor47719136.jpg'}], 'start': 6933.958, 'title': "Hayek's influence on ai and mentorship", 'summary': "Delves into the parallels between hayek's work and ai problems, emphasizing the impact on modern civilization and the significance of 'use of knowledge in society.' additionally, it provides insights on mentorship, emphasizing the importance of human connection, love, and friendship in life.", 'chapters': [{'end': 6999.965, 'start': 6933.958, 'title': "Hayek's influence on ai", 'summary': "Discusses how hayek's work on the distributed nature of information and the complexity of the price system parallels ai problems, impacting modern civilization. the chapter also emphasizes the significance of hayek's essay 'use of knowledge in society' available online.", 'duration': 66.007, 'highlights': ["Hayek's work on the distributed nature of information and the complexity of the price system is compared to AI problems, impacting modern civilization.", "The significance of Hayek's essay 'Use of Knowledge in Society' is emphasized, and it is highlighted that open access versions are available online through Google.", "The book 'Individualism and Economic Order' by Hayek is mentioned as a noteworthy read."]}, {'end': 7788.617, 'start': 7002.242, 'title': 'Advice on mentorship and human connection', 'summary': 'Discusses advice on finding mentors and building small groups of peers, emphasizing the importance of human connection and the role of love and friendship in life, while also touching on mortality and the meaning of human existence.', 'duration': 786.375, 'highlights': ['The importance of getting mentors and advice on finding good mentors The speaker emphasizes the importance of having mentors for learning, both in career and personal interests, and provides advice on finding good mentors.', 'Building small groups of peers and their significance in human connection and idea development The chapter stresses the importance of forming small groups of peers with similar interests for human connection and idea development, citing historical examples and personal experiences.', 'Discussion on the role of love, friendship, and family in life The speaker delves into the multi-layered understanding of the role of love, friendship, and family in human life, touching upon Darwinian and poetic perspectives and recommending literary sources for exploring the concept of love.', 'Reflections on mortality and the desire for knowledge of the future of humanity The speaker expresses a desire to know the future of humanity before death and reflects on the limitations of human understanding in the face of evolving technology and the potential obsolescence of language.', "Exploration of the meaning of human existence and skepticism towards general statements about it The speaker discusses the meaning of human existence, expressing skepticism towards overarching statements about it and suggesting that diverse experiences and knowledge from various fields contribute to understanding life's meaning."]}], 'duration': 854.659, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/7Grseeycor4/pics/7Grseeycor46933958.jpg', 'highlights': ["Hayek's work on the distributed nature of information and the complexity of the price system is compared to AI problems, impacting modern civilization.", "The significance of Hayek's essay 'Use of Knowledge in Society' is emphasized, and it is highlighted that open access versions are available online through Google.", 'The importance of getting mentors and advice on finding good mentors The speaker emphasizes the importance of having mentors for learning, both in career and personal interests, and provides advice on finding good mentors.', 'Building small groups of peers and their significance in human connection and idea development The chapter stresses the importance of forming small groups of peers with similar interests for human connection and idea development, citing historical examples and personal experiences.', 'Discussion on the role of love, friendship, and family in life The speaker delves into the multi-layered understanding of the role of love, friendship, and family in human life, touching upon Darwinian and poetic perspectives and recommending literary sources for exploring the concept of love.', 'Reflections on mortality and the desire for knowledge of the future of humanity The speaker expresses a desire to know the future of humanity before death and reflects on the limitations of human understanding in the face of evolving technology and the potential obsolescence of language.', "Exploration of the meaning of human existence and skepticism towards general statements about it The speaker discusses the meaning of human existence, expressing skepticism towards overarching statements about it and suggesting that diverse experiences and knowledge from various fields contribute to understanding life's meaning.", "The book 'Individualism and Economic Order' by Hayek is mentioned as a noteworthy read."]}], 'highlights': ["Economist tyler cohen discusses his work, american capitalism, big business impact, u.s. unity, future of cryptocurrency, defi, wall street bets, academia's weirdness, ufo sightings, art, hayek's influence on ai, and mentorship on lex fridman podcast #174.", 'Economics encompasses art, science, and magic, enabling better questions but limited predictions.', 'Game theory provides insights into strategic conflicts and has averted nuclear war.', "The U.S. revels in Schumpeterian creative destruction and is a better country for 'weirdos,' but there is less social security in some fundamental sense.", 'Big businesses like Amazon, Zoom, and the NBA demonstrated remarkable competence during the pandemic, providing essential services such as efficient delivery, remote education, and sports bubble with no COVID cases.', 'Recent breakthroughs in green energy, medicine, and technology expected to drive economic growth and save millions of lives globally.', "Bitcoin's sustainability as a dominant asset over gold and its potential value reaching a million dollars.", 'The regulatory challenges facing DeFi will eventually face capital and reporting requirements.', 'The data from the Navy, supported by high-level officials like former heads of CIA, suggests the need for taking UFO sightings seriously.', 'The urge to create art varies among individuals, showcasing diverse problem-solving abilities.', "Hayek's work on the distributed nature of information and the complexity of the price system is compared to AI problems, impacting modern civilization."]}