title
Re 3. Parameterised and Functional Recursion | Strivers A2Z DSA Course

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Check our Website: https://www.takeuforward.org/ In case you are thinking to buy courses, please check below: Link to get 20% additional Discount at Coding Ninjas: https://bit.ly/3wE5aHx Code "takeuforward" for 15% off at GFG: https://practice.geeksforgeeks.org/courses Code "takeuforward" for 20% off on sys-design: https://get.interviewready.io?_aff=takeuforward Crypto, I use the Wazirx app: https://wazirx.com/invite/xexnpc4u Take 750 rs free Amazon Stock from me: https://indmoney.onelink.me/RmHC/idjex744 Earn 100 rs by making a Grow Account for investing: https://app.groww.in/v3cO/8hu879t0 Linkedin/Instagram/Telegram: https://linktr.ee/takeUforward ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Check Codestudio: https://bit.ly/32DMPia Please check out the entire channel for other sets of series on tougher and complex topics. Also do consider subscribing :) Please check out the SDE sheet which the entire country is using and getting placed at top-notch companies: https://takeuforward.org/interviews/strivers-sde-sheet-top-coding-interview-problems/ Checkout Striver's Handles: https://linktr.ee/takeUforward

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{'title': 'Re 3. Parameterised and Functional Recursion | Strivers A2Z DSA Course', 'heatmap': [{'end': 78.072, 'start': 65.542, 'weight': 0.735}, {'end': 208.41, 'start': 89.551, 'weight': 0.743}, {'end': 385.046, 'start': 356.654, 'weight': 0.702}, {'end': 473.082, 'start': 426.254, 'weight': 0.934}, {'end': 526.777, 'start': 513.148, 'weight': 0.701}, {'end': 835.767, 'start': 807.382, 'weight': 0.753}], 'summary': 'Covers code studio, a platform with 2000+ problems and solutions in c++, java, and python, guided paths for various topics, and 600+ interview experiences from top companies. it also discusses recursion, solving the summation of first n numbers, parameter-wise and functional approaches, and recursion in functional programming with detailed examples.', 'chapters': [{'end': 67.404, 'segs': [{'end': 67.404, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 0.109, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4.232, 'text': "so, before starting this video, i'd love to thank the sponsor of this video, which is code studio.", 'start': 0.109, 'duration': 4.123}, {'end': 5.753, 'text': 'now, if you are willing to practice.', 'start': 4.232, 'duration': 1.521}, {'end': 6.753, 'text': 'uh, interview problems.', 'start': 5.753, 'duration': 1}, {'end': 9.315, 'text': 'topic wise, this is the place where you should look for,', 'start': 6.753, 'duration': 2.562}, {'end': 16.219, 'text': 'because code studio has over 2000 plus problems and has all the problem solution in c plus plus, java as well as python.', 'start': 9.315, 'duration': 6.904}, {'end': 22.543, 'text': "if you're looking for a guided path, then you can find for python, for dbms, for object oriented programming operating system,", 'start': 16.219, 'duration': 6.324}, {'end': 26.546, 'text': "computer networks system design, web development, any other thing that you're looking for.", 'start': 22.543, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 29.288, 'text': "you'll find guided paths for every other thing over here.", 'start': 26.546, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 36.473, 'text': "also. also, if you're looking for any top company questions, let's say, if you have an interview at amazon, if you're looking for amazon questions,", 'start': 29.668, 'duration': 6.805}, {'end': 42.898, 'text': 'you can get all the top amazon coding questions via tag and all the solutions in c plus plus, java as well as python.', 'start': 36.473, 'duration': 6.425}, {'end': 46.321, 'text': 'also, if you have an interview schedule, you can read their interview experiences,', 'start': 42.898, 'duration': 3.423}, {'end': 52.786, 'text': 'where there are 600 plus interview experiences from companies like amazon, microsoft, adobe, google, etc.', 'start': 46.321, 'duration': 6.465}, {'end': 53.607, 'text': 'so what are you waiting for?', 'start': 52.786, 'duration': 0.821}, {'end': 56.269, 'text': 'code studio has a lot of free resources for interview preparation.', 'start': 53.607, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 57.81, 'text': 'the link will be in the description.', 'start': 56.269, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 58.531, 'text': 'make sure you check it out.', 'start': 57.81, 'duration': 0.721}, {'end': 65.542, 'text': 'hey, everyone, welcome back to the channel.', 'start': 64.241, 'duration': 1.301}, {'end': 67.404, 'text': 'i hope you guys are doing extremely well.', 'start': 65.542, 'duration': 1.862}], 'summary': 'Code studio offers 2000+ problems, guided paths, and 600+ interview experiences for top companies like amazon and microsoft.', 'duration': 67.295, 'max_score': 0.109, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo109.jpg'}], 'start': 0.109, 'title': 'Code studio', 'summary': 'Discusses code studio, a platform with 2000+ problems and solutions in c++, java, and python, guided paths for various topics, and 600+ interview experiences from top companies like amazon, microsoft, adobe, and google.', 'chapters': [{'end': 67.404, 'start': 0.109, 'title': 'Code studio: interview preparation sponsor', 'summary': 'Discusses code studio, a platform with 2000+ problems and solutions in c++, java, and python, guided paths for various topics, and 600+ interview experiences from top companies like amazon, microsoft, adobe, and google.', 'duration': 67.295, 'highlights': ['Code Studio offers over 2000 problems and solutions in C++, Java, and Python, making it a valuable resource for interview preparation.', 'The platform provides guided paths for various topics, including Python, DBMS, object-oriented programming, operating system, computer networks, system design, and web development.', 'It also offers top company questions, including those from Amazon, with solutions in C++, Java, and Python.', 'Code Studio features 600+ interview experiences from companies like Amazon, Microsoft, Adobe, and Google, offering valuable insights for interview preparation.']}], 'duration': 67.295, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo109.jpg', 'highlights': ['Code Studio offers over 2000 problems and solutions in C++, Java, and Python, making it a valuable resource for interview preparation.', 'It also offers top company questions, including those from Amazon, with solutions in C++, Java, and Python.', 'The platform provides guided paths for various topics, including Python, DBMS, object-oriented programming, operating system, computer networks, system design, and web development.', 'Code Studio features 600+ interview experiences from companies like Amazon, Microsoft, Adobe, and Google, offering valuable insights for interview preparation.']}, {'end': 473.082, 'segs': [{'end': 208.41, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 67.404, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 78.072, 'text': 'today we will be solving a very, very interesting problem in recursion, which is the summation of the first n numbers.', 'start': 67.404, 'duration': 10.668}, {'end': 88.55, 'text': 'now this can be done using very simple for loop, but i want you to do this using recursion, because that will create your base of recursion very,', 'start': 78.072, 'duration': 10.478}, {'end': 89.551, 'text': 'very strong.', 'start': 88.55, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 98.595, 'text': "i'm going to teach you a couple of ways, the first way being the parameter wise ways, where i'll be showing you how to do this using parameter.", 'start': 89.551, 'duration': 9.044}, {'end': 103.657, 'text': 'the next one will be functional way, where the function itself returns the answer.', 'start': 98.595, 'duration': 5.062}, {'end': 106.802, 'text': 'Okay so to start off with, I hope you have understood the question.', 'start': 104.099, 'duration': 2.703}, {'end': 107.943, 'text': 'sum of first n numbers.', 'start': 106.802, 'duration': 1.141}, {'end': 116.752, 'text': 'Assume n is given as 3, then the summation will be definitely 6 because 1 plus 2 plus 3 is equal to 6.', 'start': 108.504, 'duration': 8.248}, {'end': 119.595, 'text': 'Sum of the first 3 numbers is what the question states.', 'start': 116.752, 'duration': 2.843}, {'end': 124.2, 'text': "So, to start off with, let's learn the parameterized way.", 'start': 120.296, 'duration': 3.904}, {'end': 131.14, 'text': 'Now, when I say a parameterized way, what does that mean??', 'start': 128.618, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 133.722, 'text': 'That means assume I write a function.', 'start': 131.74, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 140.026, 'text': 'yes, assume I write a function and I say I and I carry a variable sum.', 'start': 133.722, 'duration': 6.304}, {'end': 142.548, 'text': "okay, and that's the recursive function that I'm writing.", 'start': 140.026, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 147.624, 'text': "And I say that, okay, I'm going to think this as a loop.", 'start': 144.522, 'duration': 3.102}, {'end': 153.007, 'text': 'So in the previous lecture, we saw that we started from one, we went on to two, we went on to three.', 'start': 148.144, 'duration': 4.863}, {'end': 161.372, 'text': "So we're going to do this till we don't reach N or probably we can do it the opposite way from N to one.", 'start': 153.588, 'duration': 7.784}, {'end': 163.374, 'text': "So let's assume we do it from N to one.", 'start': 161.633, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 167.576, 'text': 'So we can say if at any moment I is lesser than one.', 'start': 163.414, 'duration': 4.162}, {'end': 173, 'text': 'Yes If at any moment I is lesser than one, I can definitely print.', 'start': 167.636, 'duration': 5.364}, {'end': 173.64, 'text': 'Yes, I can.', 'start': 173.06, 'duration': 0.58}, {'end': 182.311, 'text': "definitely say let's, uh, print the summation okay and then try our return make sense.", 'start': 174.264, 'duration': 8.047}, {'end': 186.439, 'text': "And apart from this, what I'm going to say is okay.", 'start': 183.476, 'duration': 2.963}, {'end': 192.223, 'text': "f of i minus 1 sum plus i is what I'm going to pass.", 'start': 186.439, 'duration': 5.784}, {'end': 195.606, 'text': 'So, this is what my recursive statement will be.', 'start': 192.804, 'duration': 2.802}, {'end': 197.988, 'text': 'And the main will be very simple again.', 'start': 196.307, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 201.291, 'text': 'The main will be taking an n as the input.', 'start': 198.508, 'duration': 2.783}, {'end': 208.41, 'text': 'And then we can just call f of n comma initial summation as 0.', 'start': 201.971, 'duration': 6.439}], 'summary': 'Learning recursion for summation of first n numbers using parameterized and functional methods.', 'duration': 72.622, 'max_score': 67.404, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo67404.jpg'}, {'end': 385.046, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 356.654, 'weight': 0.702, 'content': [{'end': 361.719, 'text': 'so if it returns, this function is done.', 'start': 356.654, 'duration': 5.065}, {'end': 366.023, 'text': 'and now it returns, thereby saying this function is done.', 'start': 361.719, 'duration': 4.304}, {'end': 369.47, 'text': 'so this guy again returns.', 'start': 366.023, 'duration': 3.447}, {'end': 370.632, 'text': 'thereby, this function is done.', 'start': 369.47, 'duration': 1.162}, {'end': 373.274, 'text': 'thereby this guy returns.', 'start': 370.632, 'duration': 2.642}, {'end': 382.403, 'text': 'so we did a parameterized function where we can say that our recursive tree was three comma zero, where, this being the i and sum,', 'start': 373.274, 'duration': 9.129}, {'end': 385.046, 'text': 'we went on to f of two comma added this three.', 'start': 382.403, 'duration': 2.643}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating a parameterized function with recursive tree of 3,0', 'duration': 28.392, 'max_score': 356.654, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo356654.jpg'}, {'end': 473.082, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 426.254, 'weight': 0.934, 'content': [{'end': 429.355, 'text': 'it came back, came back, came back and went back right.', 'start': 426.254, 'duration': 3.101}, {'end': 432.817, 'text': 'this is how you can do it using parameterized.', 'start': 429.355, 'duration': 3.462}, {'end': 438.601, 'text': "okay, now, if you've understood the parameterized, it's time to understand the functional.", 'start': 432.817, 'duration': 5.784}, {'end': 442.464, 'text': 'how do you generally write the functional?', 'start': 439.522, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 447.987, 'text': "because functional means uh, you don't want the parameter to do the work you want.", 'start': 442.464, 'duration': 5.523}, {'end': 452.629, 'text': 'you write a recursive function where you say that hey, listen, this is my value of n.', 'start': 447.987, 'duration': 4.642}, {'end': 455.931, 'text': 'take n as 3 and give me the summation as 6.', 'start': 452.629, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 462.255, 'text': "so if i'm asking you to write such a function, that's when you cannot use parameter right, because you want the function to return the answer.", 'start': 455.931, 'duration': 6.324}, {'end': 464.876, 'text': "you don't want it to print, you want it to return.", 'start': 462.255, 'duration': 2.621}, {'end': 473.082, 'text': 'why? uh, There will be a lot of cases when you learn dynamic programming that you want the function to give you back something instead of printing right?', 'start': 464.876, 'duration': 8.206}], 'summary': 'Learn to use parameterized and functional methods for dynamic programming', 'duration': 46.828, 'max_score': 426.254, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo426254.jpg'}, {'end': 462.255, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 432.817, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 438.601, 'text': "okay, now, if you've understood the parameterized, it's time to understand the functional.", 'start': 432.817, 'duration': 5.784}, {'end': 442.464, 'text': 'how do you generally write the functional?', 'start': 439.522, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 447.987, 'text': "because functional means uh, you don't want the parameter to do the work you want.", 'start': 442.464, 'duration': 5.523}, {'end': 452.629, 'text': 'you write a recursive function where you say that hey, listen, this is my value of n.', 'start': 447.987, 'duration': 4.642}, {'end': 455.931, 'text': 'take n as 3 and give me the summation as 6.', 'start': 452.629, 'duration': 3.302}, {'end': 462.255, 'text': "so if i'm asking you to write such a function, that's when you cannot use parameter right, because you want the function to return the answer.", 'start': 455.931, 'duration': 6.324}], 'summary': 'Understanding functional programming and recursive functions for parameter-free operations.', 'duration': 29.438, 'max_score': 432.817, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo432817.jpg'}], 'start': 67.404, 'title': 'Recursion and recursive functions', 'summary': 'Discusses solving the summation of first n numbers using recursion, with a comparison to a for loop, and explores two different approaches - parameter-wise and functional way. it also provides a detailed example and transitions to a discussion on the functional approach of writing recursive functions.', 'chapters': [{'end': 140.026, 'start': 67.404, 'title': 'Recursion: summation of first n numbers', 'summary': 'Focuses on solving the summation of the first n numbers using recursion, with a comparison to a simple for loop, and two different approaches - parameter-wise and functional way. for instance, when n=3, the summation will be 6, which is illustrated through the parameterized way and the use of a function to return the answer.', 'duration': 72.622, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the problem of finding the summation of the first n numbers using recursion and emphasizes the importance of understanding recursion for a strong foundation, with practical demonstration.', 'Two approaches are presented for solving the problem: a parameter-wise method and a functional way, demonstrating different ways to implement recursion for finding the summation of the first n numbers.', 'An example with n=3 is used to illustrate the concept, showing that the summation of the first 3 numbers is 6, providing a clear demonstration of the solution to the problem.']}, {'end': 473.082, 'start': 140.026, 'title': 'Recursion and recursive functions', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of recursion and recursive functions through a detailed example of a recursive summation function, demonstrating the iterative process and parameterized approach before transitioning to a discussion on the functional approach of writing recursive functions.', 'duration': 333.056, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains the concept of recursion and recursive functions through a detailed example of a recursive summation function It provides a comprehensive demonstration of a recursive summation function, showcasing the iterative process and the parameterized approach.', 'Demonstrates the iterative process and parameterized approach before transitioning to a discussion on the functional approach of writing recursive functions It covers the iterative process and parameterized approach in detail before shifting focus to the functional approach of writing recursive functions.']}], 'duration': 405.678, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo67404.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the problem of finding the summation of the first n numbers using recursion and emphasizes the importance of understanding recursion for a strong foundation, with practical demonstration.', 'Two approaches are presented for solving the problem: a parameter-wise method and a functional way, demonstrating different ways to implement recursion for finding the summation of the first n numbers.', 'An example with n=3 is used to illustrate the concept, showing that the summation of the first 3 numbers is 6, providing a clear demonstration of the solution to the problem.', 'The chapter explains the concept of recursion and recursive functions through a detailed example of a recursive summation function It provides a comprehensive demonstration of a recursive summation function, showcasing the iterative process and the parameterized approach.', 'Demonstrates the iterative process and parameterized approach before transitioning to a discussion on the functional approach of writing recursive functions It covers the iterative process and parameterized approach in detail before shifting focus to the functional approach of writing recursive functions.']}, {'end': 1084.396, 'segs': [{'end': 521.871, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 490.395, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 493.958, 'text': "Once you're very confident about these patterns, you can solve any problem in recursion.", 'start': 490.395, 'duration': 3.563}, {'end': 495.239, 'text': 'That is my word.', 'start': 493.978, 'duration': 1.261}, {'end': 498.202, 'text': 'okay to go with functional.', 'start': 496.181, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 498.982, 'text': "let's understand.", 'start': 498.202, 'duration': 0.78}, {'end': 501.303, 'text': 'when i say functional, what does that mean now?', 'start': 498.982, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 506.525, 'text': 'if n is given as a three for a reason, if n is given as three, can i say this?', 'start': 501.303, 'duration': 5.222}, {'end': 513.148, 'text': "can i say this i can say i'll, i'll do a three, i'll do f of two.", 'start': 506.525, 'duration': 6.623}, {'end': 521.871, 'text': 'where i know where i know, f of n means summation of first n numbers.', 'start': 513.148, 'duration': 8.723}], 'summary': 'Confident in recursion patterns enables solving any problem, using n=3 as an example.', 'duration': 31.476, 'max_score': 490.395, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo490395.jpg'}, {'end': 538.927, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 513.148, 'weight': 0.701, 'content': [{'end': 521.871, 'text': 'where i know where i know, f of n means summation of first n numbers.', 'start': 513.148, 'duration': 8.723}, {'end': 522.972, 'text': 'okay, i know this.', 'start': 521.871, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 526.777, 'text': 'so if i write 3 plus f of 2 makes sense.', 'start': 522.972, 'duration': 3.805}, {'end': 533.243, 'text': "then when i'm calling for f of 2, can i say okay, that can be written as 2 plus f of 1.", 'start': 526.777, 'duration': 6.466}, {'end': 538.927, 'text': "and when i'm at f of 1, can i write this as 1 plus f of 0.", 'start': 533.243, 'duration': 5.684}], 'summary': 'The transcript discusses the summation of first n numbers using f of n, with examples of 3 plus f of 2 and the subsequent breakdown into 2 plus f of 1 and 1 plus f of 0.', 'duration': 25.779, 'max_score': 513.148, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo513148.jpg'}, {'end': 835.767, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 807.382, 'weight': 0.753, 'content': [{'end': 809.564, 'text': 'i can just keep n equal to a three.', 'start': 807.382, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 810.164, 'text': 'you can take this.', 'start': 809.564, 'duration': 0.6}, {'end': 811.646, 'text': 'take this as input as well.', 'start': 810.164, 'duration': 1.482}, {'end': 812.307, 'text': 'see how.', 'start': 811.646, 'duration': 0.661}, {'end': 813.408, 'text': 'sum of n.', 'start': 812.307, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 814.749, 'text': "so if i just write it, you'll see this.", 'start': 813.408, 'duration': 1.341}, {'end': 815.63, 'text': 'this perfectly works.', 'start': 814.749, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 818.058, 'text': 'saw it perfectly.', 'start': 816.837, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 820.06, 'text': "it's a very simple one, okay.", 'start': 818.058, 'duration': 2.002}, {'end': 824.045, 'text': 'so i hope you have understood how to get the sum of first and numbers.', 'start': 820.06, 'duration': 3.985}, {'end': 835.767, 'text': 'now, if i give you a very simple task task, is factorial of n is factorial of n.', 'start': 824.045, 'duration': 11.722}], 'summary': "Demonstration of finding the sum of 'n' numbers and discussing the simplicity of the process.", 'duration': 28.385, 'max_score': 807.382, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo807382.jpg'}, {'end': 949.938, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 913.727, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 921.35, 'text': 'So if I write f of n and I write the base case as n equal to 0 and I say return 0..', 'start': 913.727, 'duration': 7.623}, {'end': 927.472, 'text': "And I'm saying return n into factorial of n minus 1.", 'start': 921.35, 'duration': 6.122}, {'end': 938.415, 'text': "If this is the code and I am writing the main function as n is given as 3 and I'm saying print f of n.", 'start': 927.472, 'duration': 10.943}, {'end': 944.433, 'text': 'So basically this guy goes and calls this with 3, not executed.', 'start': 939.81, 'duration': 4.623}, {'end': 949.938, 'text': '3 into f of 2, not executed.', 'start': 944.453, 'duration': 5.485}], 'summary': 'Recursive function f(n) multiplies n by factorial of n-1.', 'duration': 36.211, 'max_score': 913.727, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo913727.jpg'}, {'end': 1062.621, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1035.07, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1038.736, 'text': 'so i can say big of n, the time and the space.', 'start': 1035.07, 'duration': 3.666}, {'end': 1043.017, 'text': 'complexity is an auxiliary space, stack space, because this awaits.', 'start': 1038.736, 'duration': 4.281}, {'end': 1045.978, 'text': 'then this awaits, so there will be big of n.', 'start': 1043.017, 'duration': 2.961}, {'end': 1050.499, 'text': 'uh, n functions will be awaiting to be completed, so stack space will be taken.', 'start': 1045.978, 'duration': 4.521}, {'end': 1051.199, 'text': 'so in stack.', 'start': 1050.499, 'duration': 0.7}, {'end': 1054.679, 'text': 'uh, this is what the time and space complexity will be.', 'start': 1051.199, 'duration': 3.48}, {'end': 1056.42, 'text': 'why big of n as the time complexity?', 'start': 1054.679, 'duration': 1.741}, {'end': 1057.68, 'text': 'first time this function is called.', 'start': 1056.42, 'duration': 1.26}, {'end': 1062.621, 'text': "next, this time and these functions are all unique functions you don't take a lot of time inside these functions.", 'start': 1057.68, 'duration': 4.941}], 'summary': 'Time and space complexity is o(n) due to unique functions taking stack space.', 'duration': 27.551, 'max_score': 1035.07, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo1035069.jpg'}], 'start': 473.462, 'title': 'Recursion in functional programming', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of recursion in functional programming, with detailed examples of implementing summation and factorial functions, highlighting the importance of base cases and discussing time and space complexity.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1084.396, 'start': 473.462, 'title': 'Recursion in functional programming', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of recursion in functional programming, demonstrating the process of breaking down problems into smaller parts, with detailed examples of implementing summation and factorial functions, highlighting the importance of base cases and discussing time and space complexity.', 'duration': 610.934, 'highlights': ['The process of breaking down problems into smaller parts is demonstrated with detailed examples of implementing summation and factorial functions. The chapter provides detailed examples of breaking down problems into smaller parts by implementing summation and factorial functions, showcasing the application of recursion in functional programming.', 'The importance of base cases is emphasized, as demonstrated in the explanation of the factorial function, where the incorrect base case leads to an incorrect output. The chapter emphasizes the significance of base cases, as demonstrated in the explanation of the factorial function, where an incorrect base case leads to an incorrect output, highlighting the critical role of base cases in recursive functions.', 'The time and space complexity of recursive functions is discussed, with the time complexity identified as big O of n due to the unique function calls, and the auxiliary space complexity identified as big O of n due to the stack space required for awaiting function completions. The chapter discusses the time and space complexity of recursive functions, identifying the time complexity as big O of n due to the unique function calls and the auxiliary space complexity as big O of n due to the stack space required for awaiting function completions, providing a comprehensive understanding of the computational aspects of recursion.']}], 'duration': 610.934, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/69ZCDFy-OUo/pics/69ZCDFy-OUo473462.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter provides detailed examples of breaking down problems into smaller parts by implementing summation and factorial functions, showcasing the application of recursion in functional programming.', 'The chapter emphasizes the significance of base cases, as demonstrated in the explanation of the factorial function, where an incorrect base case leads to an incorrect output, highlighting the critical role of base cases in recursive functions.', 'The chapter discusses the time and space complexity of recursive functions, identifying the time complexity as big O of n due to the unique function calls and the auxiliary space complexity as big O of n due to the stack space required for awaiting function completions, providing a comprehensive understanding of the computational aspects of recursion.']}], 'highlights': ['Code Studio offers over 2000 problems and solutions in C++, Java, and Python, making it a valuable resource for interview preparation.', 'The platform provides guided paths for various topics, including Python, DBMS, object-oriented programming, operating system, computer networks, system design, and web development.', 'Code Studio features 600+ interview experiences from companies like Amazon, Microsoft, Adobe, and Google, offering valuable insights for interview preparation.', 'The chapter discusses the problem of finding the summation of the first n numbers using recursion and emphasizes the importance of understanding recursion for a strong foundation, with practical demonstration.', 'The chapter provides detailed examples of breaking down problems into smaller parts by implementing summation and factorial functions, showcasing the application of recursion in functional programming.', 'The chapter discusses the time and space complexity of recursive functions, identifying the time complexity as big O of n due to the unique function calls and the auxiliary space complexity as big O of n due to the stack space required for awaiting function completions, providing a comprehensive understanding of the computational aspects of recursion.']}