title
Jack Dorsey: Square, Cryptocurrency, and Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #91

description
Jack Dorsey is the co-founder and CEO of Twitter and the founder and CEO of Square. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors: - MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex EPISODE LINKS: Jack's Twitter: https://twitter.com/jack Start Small Tracker: https://bit.ly/2KxdiBL PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 2:48 - Engineering at scale 8:36 - Increasing access to the economy 13:09 - Machine learning at Square 15:18 - Future of the digital economy 17:17 - Cryptocurrency 25:31 - Artificial intelligence 27:49 - Her 29:12 - Exchange with Elon Musk about bots 32:05 - Concerns about artificial intelligence 35:40 - Andrew Yang 40:57 - Eating one meal a day 45:49 - Mortality 47:50 - Meaning of life 48:59 - Simulation CONNECT: - Subscribe to this YouTube channel - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/LexFridmanPage - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman

detail
{'title': 'Jack Dorsey: Square, Cryptocurrency, and Artificial Intelligence | Lex Fridman Podcast #91', 'heatmap': [{'end': 1641.428, 'start': 1590.75, 'weight': 0.745}], 'summary': "The conversation with jack dorsey covers square's $1 billion covid-19 relief donation, transparency in donations, masterclass benefits, engineering scale challenges, increasing access to the economy, square's trust-building journey, digital currency impact, global standard's innovation, ai's philosophical implications, risks of algorithmic decision-making, mental performance insights, and the future of ai, including andrew yang's perspective.", 'chapters': [{'end': 62.627, 'segs': [{'end': 62.627, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 14.019, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 24.746, 'text': 'we decided to focus this conversation on Square and some broader philosophical topics and to save an in-depth conversation on engineering and AI at Twitter for a second appearance on this podcast.', 'start': 14.019, 'duration': 10.727}, {'end': 29.055, 'text': 'This conversation was recorded before the outbreak of the pandemic.', 'start': 25.913, 'duration': 3.142}, {'end': 35, 'text': "For everyone feeling the medical, psychological, and financial burden of this crisis, I'm sending love your way.", 'start': 29.576, 'duration': 5.424}, {'end': 36.201, 'text': 'Stay strong.', 'start': 35.62, 'duration': 0.581}, {'end': 37.362, 'text': "We're in this together.", 'start': 36.221, 'duration': 1.141}, {'end': 38.603, 'text': "We'll beat this thing.", 'start': 37.382, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 47.629, 'text': 'As an aside, let me mention that Jack moved $1 billion of Square Equity, which is 28% of his wealth,', 'start': 39.924, 'duration': 7.705}, {'end': 49.951, 'text': 'to form an organization that funds COVID-19 relief.', 'start': 47.629, 'duration': 2.322}, {'end': 55.72, 'text': 'First, as Andrew Yang tweeted, this is a spectacular commitment.', 'start': 51.536, 'duration': 4.184}, {'end': 62.627, 'text': 'And second, it is amazing that it operates transparently by posting all its donations to a single Google Doc.', 'start': 56.361, 'duration': 6.266}], 'summary': 'Jack moved $1 billion of square equity, 28% of his wealth, to fund covid-19 relief transparently.', 'duration': 48.608, 'max_score': 14.019, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU14019.jpg'}], 'start': 0.089, 'title': 'A conversation with jack dorsey', 'summary': 'Covers a conversation with jack dorsey, focusing on square and broader philosophical topics, mentioning his $1 billion donation of square equity for covid-19 relief, which operates transparently by posting all its donations to a single google doc.', 'chapters': [{'end': 62.627, 'start': 0.089, 'title': 'Conversation with jack dorsey', 'summary': 'Covers a conversation with jack dorsey, focusing on square and broader philosophical topics, mentioning his $1 billion donation of square equity for covid-19 relief, which operates transparently by posting all its donations to a single google doc.', 'duration': 62.538, 'highlights': ['Jack Dorsey moved $1 billion of Square Equity, 28% of his wealth, to form an organization for COVID-19 relief, operating transparently by posting all its donations to a single Google Doc.', 'The conversation primarily focuses on Square and broader philosophical topics, with a decision to save an in-depth discussion on engineering and AI at Twitter for a second appearance on this podcast.', 'The conversation was recorded before the outbreak of the pandemic, with a message of support for everyone feeling the medical, psychological, and financial burden of the crisis.']}], 'duration': 62.538, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU89.jpg', 'highlights': ['Jack Dorsey moved $1 billion of Square Equity, 28% of his wealth, to form an organization for COVID-19 relief, operating transparently by posting all its donations to a single Google Doc.', 'The conversation primarily focuses on Square and broader philosophical topics, with a decision to save an in-depth discussion on engineering and AI at Twitter for a second appearance on this podcast.', 'The conversation was recorded before the outbreak of the pandemic, with a message of support for everyone feeling the medical, psychological, and financial burden of the crisis.']}, {'end': 497.898, 'segs': [{'end': 91.164, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 63.428, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 68.053, 'text': 'To me, true transparency is simple, and this is as simple as it gets.', 'start': 63.428, 'duration': 4.625}, {'end': 71.538, 'text': 'This is the Artificial Intelligence Podcast.', 'start': 69.397, 'duration': 2.141}, {'end': 79.02, 'text': 'If you enjoy it, subscribe on YouTube, review it with five stars on Apple Podcasts, support it on Patreon or simply connect with me on Twitter.', 'start': 71.858, 'duration': 7.162}, {'end': 81.681, 'text': 'at Lex Friedman spelled F-R-I-D-M-A-N.', 'start': 79.02, 'duration': 2.661}, {'end': 87.783, 'text': "As usual, I'll do a few minutes of ads now and never any ads in the middle that can break the flow of the conversation.", 'start': 82.301, 'duration': 5.482}, {'end': 91.164, 'text': "I hope that works for you and doesn't hurt the listening experience.", 'start': 87.803, 'duration': 3.361}], 'summary': 'The artificial intelligence podcast prioritizes transparency and simplicity. promotes subscription, review, and support. ads only at the beginning.', 'duration': 27.736, 'max_score': 63.428, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU63428.jpg'}, {'end': 147.558, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 104.422, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 113.751, 'text': 'For $180 a year, you get an all-access pass to watch courses from, to list some of my favorites Chris Hadfield on space exploration.', 'start': 104.422, 'duration': 9.329}, {'end': 117.034, 'text': 'Neil deGrasse Tyson on scientific thinking and communication.', 'start': 113.751, 'duration': 3.283}, {'end': 122.6, 'text': 'Will Wright, creator of SimCity and Sims, both one of my favorite games on game design.', 'start': 117.034, 'duration': 5.566}, {'end': 128.964, 'text': 'Jane Goodall on conservation, Carlos Santana on guitar, one of my favorite guitar players.', 'start': 123.16, 'duration': 5.804}, {'end': 133.248, 'text': 'Garry Kasparov on chess, Daniel Negreanu on poker and many, many more.', 'start': 128.964, 'duration': 4.284}, {'end': 140.193, 'text': 'Chris Hadfield explaining how rockets work and the experience of being launched into space alone is worth the money.', 'start': 133.948, 'duration': 6.245}, {'end': 143.915, 'text': 'For me, the key is to not be overwhelmed by the abundance of choice.', 'start': 140.853, 'duration': 3.062}, {'end': 147.558, 'text': 'Pick three courses you want to complete, watch each all the way through.', 'start': 144.296, 'duration': 3.262}], 'summary': 'For $180 a year, get all-access pass to watch courses from experts like chris hadfield, neil degrasse tyson, will wright, jane goodall, and more. focus on three courses and watch each all the way through for best results.', 'duration': 43.136, 'max_score': 104.422, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU104422.jpg'}, {'end': 390.742, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 362.243, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 371.469, 'text': 'Is there some insight, some lessons, some interesting tidbits that you can say about how to make that scale happen?', 'start': 362.243, 'duration': 9.226}, {'end': 374.231, 'text': 'Is it the hardware fundamentally challenge??', 'start': 372.35, 'duration': 1.881}, {'end': 375.672, 'text': 'Is it a software challenge??', 'start': 374.271, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 385.058, 'text': 'Is it a social challenge of building large teams of engineers that work together?', 'start': 376.633, 'duration': 8.425}, {'end': 385.518, 'text': 'that kind of thing?', 'start': 385.058, 'duration': 0.46}, {'end': 387.78, 'text': "What's the interesting challenges there?", 'start': 385.719, 'duration': 2.061}, {'end': 390.742, 'text': "By the way, you're the best dress hacker I've met.", 'start': 388.56, 'duration': 2.182}], 'summary': 'Challenges in scaling: hardware, software, and team collaboration; seeking insights and lessons.', 'duration': 28.499, 'max_score': 362.243, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU362243.jpg'}, {'end': 451.068, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 422.401, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 428.749, 'text': 'or not going deep enough with the questions or not being critical of the answers you find,', 'start': 422.401, 'duration': 6.348}, {'end': 438.682, 'text': 'or not taking the time to form credible hypotheses that you can actually test and you can see the results of.', 'start': 428.749, 'duration': 9.933}, {'end': 447.667, 'text': 'So all of those fall in the face of ultimately critical thinking skills, problem-solving skills.', 'start': 439.563, 'duration': 8.104}, {'end': 451.068, 'text': "And if there's one skill I want to improve every day, it's that.", 'start': 448.047, 'duration': 3.021}], 'summary': 'Critical thinking and problem-solving skills are essential for daily improvement.', 'duration': 28.667, 'max_score': 422.401, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU422401.jpg'}, {'end': 497.898, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 470.64, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 476.713, 'text': 'Yeah, but if you get too overextended into, well, this is a hardware issue, you miss all the software solutions.', 'start': 470.64, 'duration': 6.073}, {'end': 485.916, 'text': 'And.. You know, vice versa, if you focus too much on the software, there are hardware solutions that can 10x the thing.', 'start': 477.054, 'duration': 8.862}, {'end': 497.898, 'text': 'So I try to resist the categories of thinking and look for the underlying systems that make all these things work.', 'start': 486.716, 'duration': 11.182}], 'summary': 'Balancing hardware and software solutions is crucial for maximizing efficiency and performance.', 'duration': 27.258, 'max_score': 470.64, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU470640.jpg'}], 'start': 63.428, 'title': 'Transparency, masterclass & engineering scale', 'summary': 'Covers the benefits of masterclass offering a wide range of courses for $180 a year and discusses challenges and approaches in building scale in engineering, emphasizing the importance of not getting overextended in hardware or software solutions.', 'chapters': [{'end': 167.514, 'start': 63.428, 'title': 'Transparency and masterclass', 'summary': 'Discusses the simplicity of true transparency and the benefits of masterclass, offering a wide range of courses for $180 a year, including those by chris hadfield, neil degrasse tyson, will wright, jane goodall, carlos santana, garry kasparov, and daniel negreanu.', 'duration': 104.086, 'highlights': ['Masterclass offers an all-access pass to courses by notable figures like Chris Hadfield, Neil deGrasse Tyson, and Carlos Santana for $180 a year.', 'The speaker advises not to be overwhelmed by the abundance of choice and to pick three courses to complete, emphasizing that the experience will stick with you for a long time.', 'The speaker encourages the audience to sign up on masterclass.com/Lex to get a discount and to support the podcast.', 'The chapter emphasizes the simplicity of true transparency and promotes the Artificial Intelligence Podcast by encouraging subscriptions, reviews, and support on various platforms.']}, {'end': 497.898, 'start': 168.937, 'title': 'Building scale in engineering', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges and approaches in building scale in engineering, covering topics like machine learning, artificial intelligence, cryptocurrency, open source community, and critical thinking skills while emphasizing the importance of not getting overextended in hardware or software solutions.', 'duration': 328.961, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the challenges and approaches in building scale in engineering, including machine learning, artificial intelligence, cryptocurrency, open source community, and critical thinking skills. Encompasses the breadth of topics discussed in the transcript, providing a comprehensive overview of the conversation.', 'The importance of not getting overextended into either hardware or software solutions is emphasized, as both have their respective contributions to scaling. Highlights the key point about the need to avoid overextending into one area and recognizing the importance of both hardware and software solutions in scaling systems.', 'Critical thinking skills and problem-solving skills are emphasized as crucial for facing challenges, breaking them down into manageable parts, and questioning assumptions for continuous improvement. Emphasizes the significance of critical thinking and problem-solving skills in addressing challenges and driving continuous improvement.', 'The chapter touches upon the role of open source community in learning and development, showcasing the generosity and contributions of individuals in a larger, collaborative effort. Acknowledges the significant role of the open source community in the learning and development process, highlighting the collaborative and generous nature of the community.']}], 'duration': 434.47, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU63428.jpg', 'highlights': ['Masterclass offers an all-access pass to courses by notable figures for $180 a year.', 'The speaker advises not to be overwhelmed by the abundance of choice and to pick three courses to complete.', 'The chapter emphasizes the simplicity of true transparency and promotes the Artificial Intelligence Podcast.', 'The importance of not getting overextended into either hardware or software solutions is emphasized.', 'Critical thinking skills and problem-solving skills are emphasized as crucial for facing challenges.', 'The chapter covers the challenges and approaches in building scale in engineering, including machine learning, artificial intelligence, cryptocurrency, and open source community.']}, {'end': 840.89, 'segs': [{'end': 551.115, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 498.058, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 507.06, 'text': 'But those only emerge when you have a skill around creative thinking, problem solving,', 'start': 498.058, 'duration': 9.002}, {'end': 515.205, 'text': 'being able to ask critical questions and having the patience to go deep.', 'start': 511.482, 'duration': 3.723}, {'end': 523.912, 'text': "So one of the amazing things, if we look at the mission of Square, is to increase people's access to the economy.", 'start': 516.446, 'duration': 7.466}, {'end': 527.876, 'text': "Maybe you can correct me if I'm wrong, that's from my perspective.", 'start': 525.254, 'duration': 2.622}, {'end': 532.82, 'text': 'So, from the perspective of merchants, peer-to-peer payments, even crypto cryptocurrency,', 'start': 527.936, 'duration': 4.884}, {'end': 539.345, 'text': 'digital cryptocurrency What do you see as the major ways our society can increase participation in the economy?', 'start': 532.82, 'duration': 6.525}, {'end': 543.528, 'text': 'So if we look at today and the next 10 years, next 20 years, you go into Africa,', 'start': 539.465, 'duration': 4.063}, {'end': 547.291, 'text': 'maybe in Africa and all kinds of other places outside of the North America.', 'start': 543.528, 'duration': 3.763}, {'end': 551.115, 'text': 'If there was one word that..', 'start': 549.753, 'duration': 1.362}], 'summary': "Square's mission is to increase access to economy through creative thinking and problem solving, aiming to boost participation in the economy worldwide.", 'duration': 53.057, 'max_score': 498.058, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU498058.jpg'}, {'end': 739.828, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 712.967, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 717.751, 'text': 'Whereas we took on a mindset of trust and then verify, verify, verify, verify, verify.', 'start': 712.967, 'duration': 4.784}, {'end': 720.253, 'text': 'Um. so we moved.', 'start': 718.591, 'duration': 1.662}, {'end': 725.196, 'text': 'you know when we, when we entered um the space,', 'start': 720.253, 'duration': 4.943}, {'end': 730.14, 'text': 'only about 30 to 40% of the people who applied to accept credit cards would actually get through the system.', 'start': 725.196, 'duration': 4.944}, {'end': 733.283, 'text': 'We took that number to 99%.', 'start': 730.861, 'duration': 2.422}, {'end': 736.325, 'text': "Um, and that's because we reframe the problem.", 'start': 733.283, 'duration': 3.042}, {'end': 739.828, 'text': 'Uh, we built credible models.', 'start': 737.546, 'duration': 2.282}], 'summary': 'Increased acceptance rate from 30-40% to 99% through trust and credible models.', 'duration': 26.861, 'max_score': 712.967, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU712967.jpg'}, {'end': 851.6, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 820.554, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 821.694, 'text': 'It was immediate.', 'start': 820.554, 'duration': 1.14}, {'end': 825.096, 'text': "I mean, we weren't calling it machine learning, but it was data science.", 'start': 821.854, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 829.918, 'text': 'And then as the industry evolved, machine learning became more of the nomenclature.', 'start': 825.296, 'duration': 4.622}, {'end': 839.909, 'text': "And as that evolved, it became more sophisticated with deep learning and as that continues to evolve, it'll be another thing.", 'start': 830.078, 'duration': 9.831}, {'end': 840.89, 'text': "But they're all in the same vein.", 'start': 839.949, 'duration': 0.941}, {'end': 851.6, 'text': 'But we built that discipline up within the first year of the company because We also had, you know, we have to, we had to partner with the bank.', 'start': 842.212, 'duration': 9.388}], 'summary': 'Company built data science discipline within first year, partnered with bank.', 'duration': 31.046, 'max_score': 820.554, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU820554.jpg'}], 'start': 498.058, 'title': 'Increasing access to economy', 'summary': "Discusses the importance of creative thinking and problem solving in increasing people's access to the economy, particularly in emerging markets like africa, and square's mission to enable more people to access the financial system by lowering barriers, increasing the acceptance rate for credit card applications from 30-40% to 99%, and using a mindset of trust and verification.", 'chapters': [{'end': 551.115, 'start': 498.058, 'title': 'Increasing participation in the economy', 'summary': "Discusses the importance of creative thinking and problem solving in increasing people's access to the economy, particularly in emerging markets like africa, and the potential impact of technologies like peer-to-peer payments and digital cryptocurrency.", 'duration': 53.057, 'highlights': ["The importance of creative thinking, problem solving, and critical questioning in increasing people's access to the economy.", 'The potential impact of technologies like peer-to-peer payments and digital cryptocurrency in increasing participation in the economy, especially in emerging markets like Africa.', "The mission of Square to increase people's access to the economy."]}, {'end': 840.89, 'start': 553.058, 'title': "Square's access mission", 'summary': "Discusses square's mission to enable more people to access the financial system by lowering barriers, increasing the acceptance rate for credit card applications from 30-40% to 99%, and using a mindset of trust and verification.", 'duration': 287.832, 'highlights': ['Square increased the acceptance rate for credit card applications from 30-40% to 99% by reframing the problem, building credible models, and adopting a mindset of trust and verification. The acceptance rate for credit card applications was improved from 30-40% to 99% by changing the mindset and using credible models.', 'The company shifted its mindset to one of trust and verification, leading to a fundamental change in how they approached enabling more people to access the system. Square adopted a mindset of trust and verification, fundamentally changing how they enabled more people to access the system.', "Machine learning, initially termed as data science, played an immediate and fundamental role in the company's verification process, evolving into sophisticated deep learning technologies. Machine learning, initially known as data science, played a fundamental role in the company's verification process, later evolving into sophisticated deep learning technologies."]}], 'duration': 342.832, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU498058.jpg', 'highlights': ["Square's mission to increase people's access to the economy.", 'The potential impact of technologies like peer-to-peer payments and digital cryptocurrency in increasing participation in the economy, especially in emerging markets like Africa.', "The importance of creative thinking, problem solving, and critical questioning in increasing people's access to the economy.", 'Square increased the acceptance rate for credit card applications from 30-40% to 99% by reframing the problem, building credible models, and adopting a mindset of trust and verification.', "Machine learning, initially known as data science, played a fundamental role in the company's verification process, later evolving into sophisticated deep learning technologies.", 'The company shifted its mindset to one of trust and verification, leading to a fundamental change in how they approached enabling more people to access the system.']}, {'end': 1334.236, 'segs': [{'end': 865.002, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 842.212, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 851.6, 'text': 'But we built that discipline up within the first year of the company because We also had, you know, we have to, we had to partner with the bank.', 'start': 842.212, 'duration': 9.388}, {'end': 861.481, 'text': 'We had to partner with Visa and MasterCard and we had to show that by bringing more people into the system, that we could do so in a responsible way,', 'start': 851.96, 'duration': 9.521}, {'end': 865.002, 'text': 'that would not compromise their systems and that they would trust us.', 'start': 861.481, 'duration': 3.521}], 'summary': 'Established discipline within first year, partnered with bank, visa, and mastercard to show responsible growth and build trust.', 'duration': 22.79, 'max_score': 842.212, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU842212.jpg'}, {'end': 969.982, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 941.454, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 948.336, 'text': 'in sort of giving people access to, in all kinds of ways, to being part of the economy, as merchants and as consumers?', 'start': 941.454, 'duration': 6.882}, {'end': 955.438, 'text': 'I believe that the currency we use is a huge part of the answer.', 'start': 949.957, 'duration': 5.481}, {'end': 961.4, 'text': 'And I believe that the internet deserves and requires a native currency.', 'start': 955.858, 'duration': 5.542}, {'end': 969.982, 'text': "And that's why I'm such a huge believer in Bitcoin, because it just..", 'start': 961.84, 'duration': 8.142}], 'summary': 'Advocating for bitcoin as a native internet currency for economic inclusion.', 'duration': 28.528, 'max_score': 941.454, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU941454.jpg'}, {'end': 1150.804, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1114.437, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1118.559, 'text': "There's so much hype around digital currency about the financial impacts of it,", 'start': 1114.437, 'duration': 4.122}, {'end': 1121.88, 'text': 'but the actual technology is quite beautiful from a computer science perspective.', 'start': 1118.559, 'duration': 3.321}, {'end': 1127.482, 'text': 'Yeah, and the underlying principles behind it that went into it, even to the point of releasing it under a pseudonym.', 'start': 1122.16, 'duration': 5.322}, {'end': 1131.044, 'text': "I think that's a very, very powerful statement.", 'start': 1128.683, 'duration': 2.361}, {'end': 1133.385, 'text': 'The timing of when it was released is powerful.', 'start': 1131.304, 'duration': 2.081}, {'end': 1137.629, 'text': 'It was a total activist move.', 'start': 1134.566, 'duration': 3.063}, {'end': 1150.804, 'text': "I mean it's moving the world forward in a way that I think is extremely noble and honorable and enables everyone to be part of the story,", 'start': 1138.21, 'duration': 12.594}], 'summary': 'Digital currency technology is beautiful, powerful, and a total activist move.', 'duration': 36.367, 'max_score': 1114.437, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1114437.jpg'}, {'end': 1213.92, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1188.352, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1196.355, 'text': "There's not equal access to every single person in the world just yet, but all those problems are visible enough to speak about them.", 'start': 1188.352, 'duration': 8.003}, {'end': 1202.036, 'text': "And to me, that gives confidence that they're solvable in a relatively short timeframe.", 'start': 1196.675, 'duration': 5.361}, {'end': 1210.339, 'text': 'I think the world changes a lot as we get these satellites projecting the internet down to earth,', 'start': 1202.677, 'duration': 7.662}, {'end': 1213.92, 'text': 'because it just removes a bunch of the former constraints.', 'start': 1210.339, 'duration': 3.581}], 'summary': 'Unequal access to the internet is solvable, and satellite internet can remove constraints.', 'duration': 25.568, 'max_score': 1188.352, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1188352.jpg'}, {'end': 1308.033, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1281.838, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1291.502, 'text': 'both in terms of moving money across borders between nations on the continent or the amount of corruption within the current system.', 'start': 1281.838, 'duration': 9.664}, {'end': 1302.17, 'text': 'But the lack of easy ways to pay people makes starting anything really difficult.', 'start': 1293.723, 'duration': 8.447}, {'end': 1308.033, 'text': 'I met an entrepreneur who started the Lyft slash Uber of Ethiopia,', 'start': 1302.43, 'duration': 5.603}], 'summary': 'Challenges in cross-border money transfer and entrepreneurship in ethiopia', 'duration': 26.195, 'max_score': 1281.838, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1281838.jpg'}], 'start': 842.212, 'title': "Square's trust building and digital currency impact", 'summary': "Explores square's trust-building journey with financial partners and the impact of digital currency on global accessibility and innovation. it also discusses the potential of a global digital currency and its transformative potential for societies and economies.", 'chapters': [{'end': 1160.597, 'start': 842.212, 'title': "Square's journey in building trust and expanding access", 'summary': 'Explores how square built trust with financial partners, including banks, visa, and mastercard, by gradually demonstrating the reliability of its system through staged user adoption, leading to a culture of accountability and transparency. it also delves into the potential of bitcoin as a native internet currency and the impact of digital currency on global accessibility and innovation.', 'duration': 318.385, 'highlights': ['Square built trust with financial partners by demonstrating the reliability of its system through staged user adoption, starting with 500 users and gradually scaling up to 50,000, creating a culture of accountability and transparency.', 'The potential of Bitcoin as a native internet currency is highlighted, with the belief that it can simplify global market expansion for companies like Square, leading to consistent understanding of regulations and onboarding processes across different markets.', "The chapter delves into the beauty of the underlying technology of digital currency, emphasizing the organic and principled nature of Bitcoin's design, as well as its potential to enable global participation and innovation.", "The interviewee expresses a deep interest in cryptocurrency and distributed ledger technology, discussing the appeal of Bitcoin's decentralized nature and its potential to shape the future of global finance.", "The interviewee emphasizes the uncertainty and emergent nature of digital currency's future, highlighting the potential for it to drive global progress in a noble and honorable manner."]}, {'end': 1334.236, 'start': 1160.858, 'title': 'The future of internet and currency', 'summary': 'Discusses the potential of the internet to level the playing field, the impact of a global digital currency, and the challenges and opportunities it presents, including the transformative potential for societies and economies.', 'duration': 173.378, 'highlights': ["The internet's potential to level the playing field and remove constraints with the projection of satellites, thus impacting societies and economies.", "The transformative potential of a global digital currency in solving payment challenges and corruption, as seen in the entrepreneur's experience in Ethiopia.", "The impact of a global digital currency on redefining the nature of money and society's functioning, beyond just its role as a foundational layer for enabling more opportunities.", 'The ability of individuals within the ecosystem to influence the direction of the internet, showcasing the potential for small and large-scale changes.', 'The visibility of problems in internet accessibility and ownership, indicating the potential for solvability within a relatively short timeframe.']}], 'duration': 492.024, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU842212.jpg', 'highlights': ['Square built trust with financial partners through staged user adoption, creating a culture of accountability and transparency.', "Bitcoin's potential as a native internet currency simplifies global market expansion for companies like Square.", 'The beauty of the underlying technology of digital currency emphasizes its potential to enable global participation and innovation.', 'The transformative potential of a global digital currency in solving payment challenges and corruption is highlighted.', "The internet's potential to level the playing field and remove constraints with the projection of satellites is discussed."]}, {'end': 2056.188, 'segs': [{'end': 1389.311, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1335.077, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1345.829, 'text': 'So I think as we get a more durable, resilient, and global standard, we see a lot more innovation everywhere.', 'start': 1335.077, 'duration': 10.752}, {'end': 1357.721, 'text': "And I think there's no better case study for this than the various countries within Africa and their entrepreneurs who are trying to start things within health or sustainability,", 'start': 1346.549, 'duration': 11.172}, {'end': 1362.306, 'text': "or transportation, or a lot of the companies that we've seen here.", 'start': 1357.721, 'duration': 4.585}, {'end': 1371.035, 'text': 'So the majority of companies I met in November when I spent a month on the continent were payments-oriented.', 'start': 1362.586, 'duration': 8.449}, {'end': 1380.686, 'text': 'You mentioned, and this is a small tangent, you mentioned the anonymous launch of Bitcoin is a sort of profound philosophical statement.', 'start': 1372.521, 'duration': 8.165}, {'end': 1386.449, 'text': "Pseudonymous What's that even mean? There's an identity tied to it.", 'start': 1380.706, 'duration': 5.743}, {'end': 1389.311, 'text': "It's not just anonymous, it's Nakamoto.", 'start': 1386.529, 'duration': 2.782}], 'summary': "Global standard drives innovation, africa's entrepreneurs focus on payments, health, and sustainability.", 'duration': 54.234, 'max_score': 1335.077, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1335077.jpg'}, {'end': 1641.428, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1590.75, 'weight': 0.745, 'content': [{'end': 1602.581, 'text': 'I think for me, the chasm to cross for general intelligence is to be able to explain why and the meaning behind something.', 'start': 1590.75, 'duration': 11.831}, {'end': 1604.603, 'text': 'Behind a decision? Mm-hmm.', 'start': 1603.201, 'duration': 1.402}, {'end': 1606.024, 'text': 'So being able to tell stories.', 'start': 1604.803, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 1608.786, 'text': 'Behind a decision or a set of data, sets of data.', 'start': 1606.084, 'duration': 2.702}, {'end': 1616.013, 'text': 'So the explainability part is kind of essential to be able to explain using natural language why the decisions were made, that kind of thing.', 'start': 1608.987, 'duration': 7.026}, {'end': 1628.625, 'text': "Yeah, I mean I think that's one of our biggest risks in artificial intelligence going forward is we are building a lot of black boxes that can't necessarily explain why they made a decision or what criteria they used to make the decision.", 'start': 1616.554, 'duration': 12.071}, {'end': 1636.947, 'text': "And we're trusting them more and more from lending decisions to content recommendation to driving to health.", 'start': 1629.805, 'duration': 7.142}, {'end': 1641.428, 'text': 'A lot of us have watches that tell us when to stand.', 'start': 1637.547, 'duration': 3.881}], 'summary': 'Ai needs explainability; black boxes pose risks, affecting lending, content recommendation, driving, and health.', 'duration': 50.678, 'max_score': 1590.75, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1590750.jpg'}, {'end': 1636.947, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1608.987, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1616.013, 'text': 'So the explainability part is kind of essential to be able to explain using natural language why the decisions were made, that kind of thing.', 'start': 1608.987, 'duration': 7.026}, {'end': 1628.625, 'text': "Yeah, I mean I think that's one of our biggest risks in artificial intelligence going forward is we are building a lot of black boxes that can't necessarily explain why they made a decision or what criteria they used to make the decision.", 'start': 1616.554, 'duration': 12.071}, {'end': 1636.947, 'text': "And we're trusting them more and more from lending decisions to content recommendation to driving to health.", 'start': 1629.805, 'duration': 7.142}], 'summary': 'Explainability in ai crucial; many black boxes lack transparency.', 'duration': 27.96, 'max_score': 1608.987, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1608987.jpg'}, {'end': 1714.059, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1680.342, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1682.483, 'text': 'like in the movie Her, that you could fall in love with?', 'start': 1680.342, 'duration': 2.141}, {'end': 1685.144, 'text': 'So have that kind of deep connection with.', 'start': 1683.223, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 1695.829, 'text': "Hasn't that already happened? Hasn't someone in Japan fallen in love with his AI? There's always going to be somebody that does that kind of thing.", 'start': 1686.385, 'duration': 9.444}, {'end': 1701.472, 'text': 'I mean, at a much larger scale of actually building relationships, of being deeper connections.', 'start': 1695.849, 'duration': 5.623}, {'end': 1706.074, 'text': "It doesn't have to be love, but it just deeper connections with artificial intelligence systems.", 'start': 1701.692, 'duration': 4.382}, {'end': 1707.495, 'text': 'So you mentioned explainability.', 'start': 1706.594, 'duration': 0.901}, {'end': 1714.059, 'text': "That's less a function of the artificial intelligence and more a function of the individual and how they find meaning and where they find meaning.", 'start': 1707.515, 'duration': 6.544}], 'summary': "Exploring potential for deep connections with ai like in 'her' movie. emphasizing the importance of explainability in ai.", 'duration': 33.717, 'max_score': 1680.342, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1680342.jpg'}, {'end': 1865.796, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1842.085, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 1848.947, 'text': 'This is a problem that I think the financial industry will face more and more, because a lot of our risk models, for instance,', 'start': 1842.085, 'duration': 6.862}, {'end': 1850.087, 'text': 'are built around identity.', 'start': 1848.947, 'duration': 1.14}, {'end': 1852.288, 'text': 'Payments ultimately comes down to identity.', 'start': 1850.807, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 1865.796, 'text': "And you can imagine a world where all this conversation around deepfakes goes towards the direction of driver's license or passports or state identities.", 'start': 1853.588, 'duration': 12.208}], 'summary': 'Financial industry faces increasing risk due to reliance on identity-based risk models and deepfake technology.', 'duration': 23.711, 'max_score': 1842.085, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1842085.jpg'}, {'end': 2033.315, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1981.796, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1989.322, 'text': 'I can easily imagine today that Google probably knows my preferences more than my mother does.', 'start': 1981.796, 'duration': 7.526}, {'end': 2001.39, 'text': 'Maybe not me per se, but for someone growing up only knowing the internet, only knowing what Google is capable of, or Facebook, or Twitter, or Square,', 'start': 1990.923, 'duration': 10.467}, {'end': 2011.979, 'text': 'or any of these things, the self-awareness is being offloaded to other systems, and particularly these algorithms.', 'start': 2001.39, 'duration': 10.589}, {'end': 2016.062, 'text': 'And his concern is that we lose that self-awareness,', 'start': 2012.119, 'duration': 3.943}, {'end': 2025.25, 'text': "because the self-awareness is now outside of us and it's doing such a better job at helping us direct our decisions around.", 'start': 2016.062, 'duration': 9.188}, {'end': 2025.91, 'text': 'should I stand??', 'start': 2025.25, 'duration': 0.66}, {'end': 2026.891, 'text': 'Should I walk today??', 'start': 2026.091, 'duration': 0.8}, {'end': 2028.613, 'text': 'What doctor should I choose??', 'start': 2027.512, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 2029.833, 'text': 'Who should I date??', 'start': 2029.173, 'duration': 0.66}, {'end': 2033.315, 'text': "All these things we're now seeing play out very quickly.", 'start': 2030.434, 'duration': 2.881}], 'summary': 'Concern about loss of self-awareness due to reliance on algorithms for decision-making.', 'duration': 51.519, 'max_score': 1981.796, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1981796.jpg'}], 'start': 1335.077, 'title': 'Global standard, african entrepreneurship, ai, and turing test', 'summary': 'Explores the impact of global standard on innovation in african entrepreneurship, discusses the philosophical implications of anonymity in initiatives like bitcoin, and delves into challenges of passing the turing test in language processing, importance of explainability in ai decision-making, potential for human-like connections with ai, and the concern over offloading self-awareness to algorithms.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1526.874, 'start': 1335.077, 'title': 'Global standard and african entrepreneurship', 'summary': 'Explores the impact of a global standard on innovation and highlights the prevalence of payments-oriented companies in african entrepreneurship, while discussing the philosophical implications of anonymity and identity in initiatives like bitcoin.', 'duration': 191.797, 'highlights': ['The majority of companies in Africa are payments-oriented. The transcript mentions that the majority of companies in Africa are focused on payments, indicating a prevalent trend in the entrepreneurial landscape.', 'Discussion on the philosophical implications of anonymity and identity in initiatives like Bitcoin. The conversation delves into the philosophical aspects of anonymity and identity in initiatives like Bitcoin, reflecting on the implications and significance of pseudonymity and sacrifice of ego.', 'The impact of a global standard on innovation and entrepreneurship in various sectors. The transcript emphasizes the positive impact of a durable, resilient global standard on fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in sectors such as health, sustainability, and transportation.']}, {'end': 2056.188, 'start': 1526.874, 'title': 'Ai and turing test: explainability and human connection', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges of passing the turing test in language processing, the importance of explainability in ai decision-making, the potential for human-like connections with ai, the difficulty of distinguishing between human and ai, and the concern over offloading self-awareness to algorithms.', 'duration': 529.314, 'highlights': ['The importance of explainability in AI decision-making, as it is crucial to be able to explain using natural language why decisions were made. The ability to explain the meaning behind decisions made by AI is a significant challenge in achieving general intelligence.', "The concern over offloading self-awareness to algorithms, where algorithms have a stronger sense of individuals' preferences and are influencing decision-making processes. The worry that self-awareness is being offloaded to algorithms, which are becoming better at directing individuals' decisions.", 'The challenges and ethical implications of distinguishing between human and AI, and the rapid advancement of technology in creating identities that can bypass detection systems. The technology to create identities for bypassing detection systems is progressing faster than the technology to detect them, posing challenges for the financial industry and security measures.', "The potential for human-like connections with AI, raising questions about the ability to build deeper connections with artificial intelligence systems. Exploring the potential for individuals to form deeper connections with AI systems, similar to the movie 'Her,' and the idea of building relationships with AI at a larger scale.", 'The challenges and ethical concerns around the rapid offloading of self-awareness to algorithms and the impact on decision-making processes. The concern that self-awareness being outsourced to algorithms could lead to a loss of control and awareness in decision-making processes.']}], 'duration': 721.111, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU1335077.jpg', 'highlights': ['The impact of a global standard on innovation and entrepreneurship in various sectors. The transcript emphasizes the positive impact of a durable, resilient global standard on fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in sectors such as health, sustainability, and transportation.', 'The importance of explainability in AI decision-making, as it is crucial to be able to explain using natural language why decisions were made. The ability to explain the meaning behind decisions made by AI is a significant challenge in achieving general intelligence.', "The potential for human-like connections with AI, raising questions about the ability to build deeper connections with artificial intelligence systems. Exploring the potential for individuals to form deeper connections with AI systems, similar to the movie 'Her,' and the idea of building relationships with AI at a larger scale.", "The concern over offloading self-awareness to algorithms, where algorithms have a stronger sense of individuals' preferences and are influencing decision-making processes. The worry that self-awareness is being offloaded to algorithms, which are becoming better at directing individuals' decisions.", 'The challenges and ethical concerns around the rapid offloading of self-awareness to algorithms and the impact on decision-making processes. The concern that self-awareness being outsourced to algorithms could lead to a loss of control and awareness in decision-making processes.', 'The challenges and ethical implications of distinguishing between human and AI, and the rapid advancement of technology in creating identities that can bypass detection systems. The technology to create identities for bypassing detection systems is progressing faster than the technology to detect them, posing challenges for the financial industry and security measures.', 'Discussion on the philosophical implications of anonymity and identity in initiatives like Bitcoin. The conversation delves into the philosophical aspects of anonymity and identity in initiatives like Bitcoin, reflecting on the implications and significance of pseudonymity and sacrifice of ego.', 'The majority of companies in Africa are payments-oriented. The transcript mentions that the majority of companies in Africa are focused on payments, indicating a prevalent trend in the entrepreneurial landscape.']}, {'end': 2428.422, 'segs': [{'end': 2079.384, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2056.188, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2064.654, 'text': "I am offloading this decision to this algorithm that I don't fully understand and can't tell me why it's doing the things it's doing,", 'start': 2056.188, 'duration': 8.466}, {'end': 2066.034, 'text': "because it's so complex.", 'start': 2064.654, 'duration': 1.38}, {'end': 2069.056, 'text': "That's not to say that the algorithm can't be a good thing.", 'start': 2066.876, 'duration': 2.18}, {'end': 2076.882, 'text': 'And to me, recommender systems, the best of what they can do is to help guide you on a journey of learning new ideas.', 'start': 2069.177, 'duration': 7.705}, {'end': 2079.384, 'text': 'of learning, period.', 'start': 2078.322, 'duration': 1.062}], 'summary': 'Algorithmic recommender systems can guide learning and decision-making.', 'duration': 23.196, 'max_score': 2056.188, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2056188.jpg'}, {'end': 2163.877, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2135.827, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2137.808, 'text': 'I just remember just the soundtrack was really good.', 'start': 2135.827, 'duration': 1.981}, {'end': 2142.411, 'text': 'Excellent. What are your thoughts?', 'start': 2138.749, 'duration': 3.662}, {'end': 2143.832, 'text': 'sticking on artificial intelligence?', 'start': 2142.411, 'duration': 1.421}, {'end': 2145.973, 'text': 'a little bit about the displacement of jobs?', 'start': 2143.832, 'duration': 2.141}, {'end': 2149.715, 'text': "That's another perspective that candidates like Andrew Yang talk about.", 'start': 2145.993, 'duration': 3.722}, {'end': 2150.995, 'text': 'Yang gang forever.', 'start': 2150.275, 'duration': 0.72}, {'end': 2153.737, 'text': 'Yang gang.', 'start': 2153.176, 'duration': 0.561}, {'end': 2157.519, 'text': 'So he unfortunately, speaking of Yang gang, has recently dropped out.', 'start': 2154.177, 'duration': 3.342}, {'end': 2157.879, 'text': 'I know.', 'start': 2157.639, 'duration': 0.24}, {'end': 2159.86, 'text': 'It was very disappointing and depressing.', 'start': 2157.939, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 2163.877, 'text': "Yeah, but on the positive side, he's, I think, launching a podcast.", 'start': 2160.256, 'duration': 3.621}], 'summary': "Discussion on artificial intelligence and job displacement, mentioning andrew yang's campaign and his recent dropout.", 'duration': 28.05, 'max_score': 2135.827, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2135827.jpg'}, {'end': 2305.84, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2244.543, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2246.625, 'text': 'and pre-order and order ahead.', 'start': 2244.543, 'duration': 2.082}, {'end': 2248.746, 'text': "We're seeing more kiosks.", 'start': 2247.345, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 2251.649, 'text': "We're seeing more things like Amazon Go.", 'start': 2249.367, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 2254.391, 'text': 'And the number of workers..', 'start': 2252.509, 'duration': 1.882}, {'end': 2260.021, 'text': 'in as a as a cashier and retails amends.', 'start': 2255.292, 'duration': 4.729}, {'end': 2270.338, 'text': "And, you know, there's there's no real answers on how they transform their skills and work into something else.", 'start': 2260.522, 'duration': 9.816}, {'end': 2275.301, 'text': 'And I think that does lead to a lot of really negative ramifications.', 'start': 2271.159, 'duration': 4.142}, {'end': 2281.724, 'text': 'And the important point that he brought up around universal basic income is,', 'start': 2276.261, 'duration': 5.463}, {'end': 2294.891, 'text': "given that the shift is going to come and given it's going to take time to, with new skills and new careers,", 'start': 2281.724, 'duration': 13.167}, {'end': 2297.373, 'text': 'they need to have a floor to be able to survive.', 'start': 2294.891, 'duration': 2.482}, {'end': 2301.557, 'text': 'And this $1,000 a month is such a floor.', 'start': 2297.874, 'duration': 3.683}, {'end': 2305.84, 'text': "It's not going to incentivize you to quit your job because it's not enough.", 'start': 2302.698, 'duration': 3.142}], 'summary': 'Rise of automation in retail leads to need for new skills; universal basic income as a safety net.', 'duration': 61.297, 'max_score': 2244.543, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2244543.jpg'}, {'end': 2365.907, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2339.269, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 2349.637, 'text': 'But the biggest change is just the velocity and the centralization of a lot of the things that make this work,', 'start': 2339.269, 'duration': 10.368}, {'end': 2353.84, 'text': 'which is the data and the algorithms that work on this data.', 'start': 2349.637, 'duration': 4.203}, {'end': 2365.907, 'text': 'I think the second biggest scary thing around AI is just who actually owns the data and who can operate on it.', 'start': 2354.901, 'duration': 11.006}], 'summary': 'Increased velocity and centralization of data and algorithms in ai raises concerns about data ownership and operation.', 'duration': 26.638, 'max_score': 2339.269, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2339269.jpg'}, {'end': 2428.422, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2400.495, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 2404.578, 'text': "where data is owned and how it's shared.", 'start': 2400.495, 'duration': 4.083}, {'end': 2413.784, 'text': "So those are the answers that as a society, as a world, we need to have better answers around, which we're currently not.", 'start': 2406.059, 'duration': 7.725}, {'end': 2417.827, 'text': "They're just way too centralized into a few very, very large companies.", 'start': 2413.804, 'duration': 4.023}, {'end': 2426.839, 'text': 'But I think it was spot on with identifying the problem and proposing solutions that would actually work.', 'start': 2419.588, 'duration': 7.251}, {'end': 2428.422, 'text': "at least that we'd learned from that.", 'start': 2426.839, 'duration': 1.583}], 'summary': 'Society needs better answers on data ownership and sharing, currently too centralized.', 'duration': 27.927, 'max_score': 2400.495, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2400495.jpg'}], 'start': 2056.188, 'title': 'Risks of algorithmic decision-making and future of ai', 'summary': "Discusses the potential risks of offloading decisions to complex algorithms and the impact of ai on job displacement, universal basic income, and the need for data regulation, with insights from andrew yang's perspective, emphasizing the importance of awareness and regulation in shaping the future of ai.", 'chapters': [{'end': 2106.321, 'start': 2056.188, 'title': 'Algorithmic decision-making risks', 'summary': 'Discusses the potential risks of offloading decisions to complex algorithms, emphasizing the importance of being aware of the influence and impact of these systems.', 'duration': 50.133, 'highlights': ['The risk in offloading decisions to complex algorithms is the lack of awareness of their influence and impact.', 'Recommender systems can guide users on a journey of learning new ideas and concepts.', "Complex algorithms, while potentially beneficial, can act without the user's full understanding or awareness."]}, {'end': 2428.422, 'start': 2106.361, 'title': 'Future of ai and universal basic income', 'summary': "Discusses the impact of ai on job displacement, the concept of universal basic income, and the need for data regulation, with insights from andrew yang's perspective on job displacement and ubi, emphasizing the importance of awareness and regulation in shaping the future of ai.", 'duration': 322.061, 'highlights': ["Andrew Yang's perspective on job displacement and UBI, emphasizing the importance of awareness and regulation in shaping the future of AI.", 'The potential negative impact of automation on jobs, particularly in sectors such as cashier and retail, leading to the need for new skills and careers.', 'The concept of universal basic income (UBI) as a floor to enable individuals to focus on acquiring new skills and careers amidst job transformations.', 'The concern about data ownership, sharing, and centralized control, highlighting the need for regulation and better societal answers.', 'The impact of centralization and velocity of data and algorithms in shaping the future of AI, emphasizing the need for better regulation and solutions.']}], 'duration': 372.234, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2056188.jpg', 'highlights': ['The risk in offloading decisions to complex algorithms is the lack of awareness of their influence and impact.', "Complex algorithms, while potentially beneficial, can act without the user's full understanding or awareness.", 'Recommender systems can guide users on a journey of learning new ideas and concepts.', "Andrew Yang's perspective on job displacement and UBI, emphasizing the importance of awareness and regulation in shaping the future of AI.", 'The potential negative impact of automation on jobs, particularly in sectors such as cashier and retail, leading to the need for new skills and careers.', 'The concept of universal basic income (UBI) as a floor to enable individuals to focus on acquiring new skills and careers amidst job transformations.', 'The concern about data ownership, sharing, and centralized control, highlighting the need for regulation and better societal answers.', 'The impact of centralization and velocity of data and algorithms in shaping the future of AI, emphasizing the need for better regulation and solutions.']}, {'end': 3064.946, 'segs': [{'end': 2510.961, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2483.363, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2485.845, 'text': 'so fasting kind of um makes you appreciate.', 'start': 2483.363, 'duration': 2.482}, {'end': 2492.144, 'text': 'the um Makes you appreciate what it is to be human somehow.', 'start': 2485.845, 'duration': 6.299}, {'end': 2497.909, 'text': 'So, but I have a, outside the philosophical stuff, I have a more specific question.', 'start': 2492.965, 'duration': 4.944}, {'end': 2506.136, 'text': 'It also helps me as a programmer and a deep thinker, like from the scientific perspective to sit there for many hours and focus deeply.', 'start': 2497.949, 'duration': 8.187}, {'end': 2510.961, 'text': 'maybe you were a hacker before you were ceo.', 'start': 2507.057, 'duration': 3.904}], 'summary': 'Fasting helps with deep focus and appreciation for humanity, beneficial for programming and deep thinking.', 'duration': 27.598, 'max_score': 2483.363, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2483363.jpg'}, {'end': 2565.113, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2539.077, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2545.503, 'text': "Oh, by the way, in case people don't know, I think a lot of people know, but you at least famously eat once a day.", 'start': 2539.077, 'duration': 6.426}, {'end': 2547.505, 'text': 'You still eat once a day.', 'start': 2545.523, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 2549.326, 'text': 'Yep, I ate dinner.', 'start': 2547.645, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 2555.048, 'text': "By the way, what made you decide to eat once a day? Because to me, that was a huge revolution that you don't have to eat breakfast.", 'start': 2549.786, 'duration': 5.262}, {'end': 2562.072, 'text': 'I felt like I was a rebel, like I abandoned my parents or something and became an anarchist.', 'start': 2556.269, 'duration': 5.803}, {'end': 2565.113, 'text': 'The first week you start doing it, it feels like you have a superpower.', 'start': 2562.372, 'duration': 2.741}], 'summary': 'Eating once a day feels like a superpower, a rebellion against breakfast.', 'duration': 26.036, 'max_score': 2539.077, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2539077.jpg'}, {'end': 2862.166, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2835.481, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 2844.532, 'text': "It's a tool that is available to every single person to use every day, because it shows how precious life is and there's reminders every single day,", 'start': 2835.481, 'duration': 9.051}, {'end': 2849.196, 'text': 'whether it be your own health or a friend or a coworker, or something you see in the news.', 'start': 2844.532, 'duration': 4.664}, {'end': 2854.18, 'text': "Um, so it's, it's, to me, it's just a question of what we do with our daily reminder.", 'start': 2849.717, 'duration': 4.463}, {'end': 2862.166, 'text': "And for me, it's, um, am I really focused on what matters? And sometimes that might be work.", 'start': 2854.9, 'duration': 7.266}], 'summary': "The tool emphasizes life's preciousness and serves as a daily reminder to focus on what matters, including health and work.", 'duration': 26.685, 'max_score': 2835.481, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2835481.jpg'}, {'end': 2937.983, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2910.537, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2915.998, 'text': 'Um, seeing people use something that I helped build is really meaningful and powerful to me.', 'start': 2910.537, 'duration': 5.461}, {'end': 2926.28, 'text': 'Um, uh, but, but that sense of, I mean, I think ultimately it comes down to a sense of connection, um, and just feeling like I am bigger.', 'start': 2917.019, 'duration': 9.261}, {'end': 2929.721, 'text': "I am part of something that's bigger than myself.", 'start': 2926.3, 'duration': 3.421}, {'end': 2933.382, 'text': 'And like, I can feel it directly in small ways or large ways.', 'start': 2929.981, 'duration': 3.401}, {'end': 2937.983, 'text': "However it manifests, um, this is probably, uh, it's probably it.", 'start': 2934.022, 'duration': 3.961}], 'summary': 'Building something meaningful, feeling connected to a bigger purpose and impact.', 'duration': 27.446, 'max_score': 2910.537, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2910537.jpg'}, {'end': 2992.842, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2960.303, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2972.71, 'text': "I mean, I just think it's taken us way too long as a planet to realize we're all in this together and we all are connected in very significant ways.", 'start': 2960.303, 'duration': 12.407}, {'end': 2982.096, 'text': 'I think we hide our connectivity very well through ego, through whatever it is of the day.', 'start': 2974.131, 'duration': 7.965}, {'end': 2992.842, 'text': "but that is the one thing I would want to work towards changing, and that's how I would have it Another way, because if we can't do that,", 'start': 2982.096, 'duration': 10.746}], 'summary': 'Realizing global connectivity and working towards change is crucial.', 'duration': 32.539, 'max_score': 2960.303, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2960303.jpg'}], 'start': 2428.422, 'title': "Mental performance and jack dorsey's insights", 'summary': "Covers maximizing mental performance through diet and fasting, including benefits and challenges of intermittent fasting and eating once a day. it also explores jack dorsey's insights on life, learning, discomfort, communication, fasting, mortality, and the importance of life's preciousness and connections.", 'chapters': [{'end': 2647.467, 'start': 2428.422, 'title': 'Maximizing mental performance through diet and fasting', 'summary': 'Discusses the benefits and challenges of intermittent fasting and eating once a day, emphasizing the impact on mental performance and the importance of questioning societal eating norms.', 'duration': 219.045, 'highlights': ['Fasting and intermittent fasting can help in maximizing mental performance and focus for deep thinking as a programmer, as well as providing a philosophical appreciation of being human.', 'Experimenting with diet and lifestyle, including eating once a day, has been compelling for the speaker, emphasizing the importance of questioning societal eating norms for better health.', "The speaker's decision to eat once a day was influenced by his desire for experimentation and learning about health, as well as being inspired by Wim Hof's approach to eating, demonstrating the impact of personal experimentation on dietary choices."]}, {'end': 3064.946, 'start': 2647.467, 'title': "Jack dorsey's insights on life and learning", 'summary': "Discusses jack dorsey's experiences with discomfort, communication, fasting, and mortality, emphasizing the importance of life's preciousness, connections, and the meaning of it all.", 'duration': 417.479, 'highlights': ["Jack Dorsey's realization of the power of communication through joining the speech club as a child gave him perspective, confidence, and the ability to set his mind to do something. Joining the speech club as a child made Jack Dorsey uncomfortable but gave him perspective on the power of communication, confidence, and the ability to set his mind to do something.", "Jack Dorsey's view on mortality as a tool to prioritize and focus on what matters, using it as a reminder to make the most of every moment and prioritize important aspects of life. Jack Dorsey sees mortality as a tool to prioritize and focus on what matters, using it as a reminder to make the most of every moment and prioritize important aspects of life.", 'Jack Dorsey finds meaning in life through the awareness of being alive, connections with individuals, seeing people use something he helped build, and feeling like a part of something bigger than himself. Jack Dorsey finds meaning in life through the awareness of being alive, connections with individuals, seeing people use something he helped build, and feeling like a part of something bigger than himself.', "Jack Dorsey's emphasis on the importance of recognizing human connectivity and working towards overcoming ego to connect with others, expressing the desire to change the current state to enable connection with other 'simulations'. Jack Dorsey emphasizes the importance of recognizing human connectivity and working towards overcoming ego to connect with others, expressing the desire to change the current state to enable connection with other 'simulations'."]}], 'duration': 636.524, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/60KJz1BVTyU/pics/60KJz1BVTyU2428422.jpg', 'highlights': ['Fasting and intermittent fasting can help in maximizing mental performance and focus for deep thinking as a programmer, as well as providing a philosophical appreciation of being human.', 'Experimenting with diet and lifestyle, including eating once a day, has been compelling for the speaker, emphasizing the importance of questioning societal eating norms for better health.', "Jack Dorsey's emphasis on the importance of recognizing human connectivity and working towards overcoming ego to connect with others, expressing the desire to change the current state to enable connection with other 'simulations'.", 'Jack Dorsey finds meaning in life through the awareness of being alive, connections with individuals, seeing people use something he helped build, and feeling like a part of something bigger than himself.', "Jack Dorsey's view on mortality as a tool to prioritize and focus on what matters, using it as a reminder to make the most of every moment and prioritize important aspects of life."]}], 'highlights': ['Jack Dorsey moved $1 billion of Square Equity, 28% of his wealth, to form an organization for COVID-19 relief, operating transparently by posting all its donations to a single Google Doc.', "Square's mission to increase people's access to the economy.", 'The impact of a global standard on innovation and entrepreneurship in various sectors. The transcript emphasizes the positive impact of a durable, resilient global standard on fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in sectors such as health, sustainability, and transportation.', 'The risk in offloading decisions to complex algorithms is the lack of awareness of their influence and impact.', 'Fasting and intermittent fasting can help in maximizing mental performance and focus for deep thinking as a programmer, as well as providing a philosophical appreciation of being human.']}