title
C++ Crash Course For Beginners

description
In this beginner crash course, you will learn the fundamentals of C++ CodeBeauty YouTube Channel (Saldina Nurak): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCl5-BV9aRaeDVohpE4sqJiQ Saldina Nurak Social Media Links: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/truecodebeauty/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TrueCodeBeauty Facebook: (Saldina Nurak) https://www.facebook.com/truecodebeauty LinkedIn: (Saldina Nurak) https://www.linkedin.com/in/codebeauty/ 💖 Become a Patron: Show support & get perks! http://www.patreon.com/traversymedia Website & Udemy Course Links: https://www.traversymedia.com Follow Traversy Media: https://www.twitter.com/traversymedia https://www.instagram.com/traversymedia https://www.facebook.com/traversymedia Timestamps: 00:07 – CodeBeauty Intro 00:37 – C++ Intro 04:34 – Installing Visual Studio 2019 Community 05:33 – Creating C++ Console app project? 09:44 – Primitive Data types and Variables 13:39 – Arrays 19:15 – If/else statement 20:20 – Ternary (conditional) operator 21:38 – Nested if, if-else-if 26:30 – Enums 26:11 – Switch/case statement 32:04 – Infinite loops, While and Do-While loops (Difference between while and do-while explained) 37:53 – For loop 40:23 – Functions 40:53 – Functions that return value 43:21 – Functions that don't return value (void functions) 45:37 – Functions with default arguments 46:18 – Pointers 47:15 – Passing Pointers to Functions 53:31 - Pointers and Arrays 58:27 – Classes in C++ 1:04:48 – Constructors 1:07:45 – Class methods 1:09:33 – Encapsulation 1:17:14 – Inheritance 1:23:05 – Polymorphism

detail
{'title': 'C++ Crash Course For Beginners', 'heatmap': [{'end': 399.455, 'start': 338.883, 'weight': 0.734}, {'end': 1195.005, 'start': 1073.724, 'weight': 1}, {'end': 1655.663, 'start': 1589.312, 'weight': 0.765}, {'end': 2502.756, 'start': 2385.38, 'weight': 0.802}, {'end': 2784.427, 'start': 2725.673, 'weight': 0.706}, {'end': 4205.158, 'start': 4137.763, 'weight': 0.854}, {'end': 5572.009, 'start': 5507.116, 'weight': 0.729}], 'summary': "'c++ crash course for beginners' covers c++ basics, data types, conditional statements, switch case, loops, functions, pointers, oop concepts, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism, with practical examples and explanations for each topic.", 'chapters': [{'end': 457.67, 'segs': [{'end': 37.889, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 7.219, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 7.88, 'text': 'Hi everyone.', 'start': 7.219, 'duration': 0.661}, {'end': 13.884, 'text': 'My name is Saldina and I make IT and programming related videos on Code Beauty channel.', 'start': 8.16, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 18.047, 'text': 'And today we will go together through C++ crash course.', 'start': 14.584, 'duration': 3.463}, {'end': 25.212, 'text': 'But first I want to thank Brad for giving me this opportunity and for giving me his platform to share the knowledge.', 'start': 18.167, 'duration': 7.045}, {'end': 32.277, 'text': 'And I would especially like to reach maybe some more girls and women and encourage them to enter this industry.', 'start': 25.512, 'duration': 6.765}, {'end': 35.527, 'text': 'But all the male viewers are welcome as well.', 'start': 32.618, 'duration': 2.909}, {'end': 37.889, 'text': 'so thank you very much, brad.', 'start': 35.527, 'duration': 2.362}], 'summary': 'Saldina provides c++ crash course on code beauty channel, aiming to encourage more women to enter it industry.', 'duration': 30.67, 'max_score': 7.219, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ7219.jpg'}, {'end': 109.332, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 80.763, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 85.367, 'text': 'with that being said, c++ is general purpose language.', 'start': 80.763, 'duration': 4.604}, {'end': 93.915, 'text': 'that means that it is not specialized for only one domain, but it can be used to solve a wide variety of problems.', 'start': 85.367, 'duration': 8.548}, {'end': 95.417, 'text': 'what are some examples?', 'start': 93.915, 'duration': 1.502}, {'end': 99.621, 'text': 'well, for example, you can build browsers with c++.', 'start': 95.417, 'duration': 4.204}, {'end': 105.889, 'text': 'your browser was probably built with c++ And then games as well, the ones that are very fast.', 'start': 99.621, 'duration': 6.268}, {'end': 109.332, 'text': 'those have their engines probably written in C++.', 'start': 105.889, 'duration': 3.443}], 'summary': 'C++ is a general-purpose language used for building browsers and fast games.', 'duration': 28.569, 'max_score': 80.763, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ80763.jpg'}, {'end': 173.355, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 151.134, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 162.163, 'text': 'because C++ is so much closer to the hardware and that allows it to manage CPU and memory and resources in general very efficiently and very fast.', 'start': 151.134, 'duration': 11.029}, {'end': 173.355, 'text': 'Now, with that being said, C++ is not going to be exactly easy to learn because C++ is very big language and there is a lot of things to learn.', 'start': 163.231, 'duration': 10.124}], 'summary': 'C++ is efficient at managing cpu and memory, but not easy to learn due to its complexity.', 'duration': 22.221, 'max_score': 151.134, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ151134.jpg'}, {'end': 286.617, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 263.803, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 271.401, 'text': "And here I'm going to insert a clip on how you can download and install Visual Studio, because, depending on your connection and your computer,", 'start': 263.803, 'duration': 7.598}, {'end': 273.385, 'text': 'that can take a couple of minutes.', 'start': 271.401, 'duration': 1.984}, {'end': 279.231, 'text': 'In order to download your Visual Studio, you will have to navigate yourself to this page here.', 'start': 274.488, 'duration': 4.743}, {'end': 283.995, 'text': 'So visualstudio.microsoft.com slash VS.', 'start': 279.392, 'duration': 4.603}, {'end': 286.617, 'text': 'Look for that link in the description of this video.', 'start': 283.995, 'duration': 2.622}], 'summary': 'Instructions for downloading and installing visual studio, available at visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs.', 'duration': 22.814, 'max_score': 263.803, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ263803.jpg'}, {'end': 399.455, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 338.883, 'weight': 0.734, 'content': [{'end': 344.675, 'text': "So I'm going to open my Visual Studio and then here I will select create a new project.", 'start': 338.883, 'duration': 5.792}, {'end': 349.192, 'text': 'Now here I want to select C++ console application.', 'start': 345.911, 'duration': 3.281}, {'end': 355.715, 'text': "So I'm going to type that C++ and then here it is console application and then click next.", 'start': 349.212, 'duration': 6.503}, {'end': 360.017, 'text': 'And here you will have to name your project and your solution.', 'start': 356.556, 'duration': 3.461}, {'end': 365.759, 'text': "And I'm going to say CPP crash course like this.", 'start': 360.197, 'duration': 5.562}, {'end': 369.881, 'text': 'So CPP crash course, and then click create.', 'start': 365.879, 'duration': 4.002}, {'end': 374.163, 'text': 'And now your project, your solution is being created.', 'start': 370.922, 'duration': 3.241}, {'end': 376.829, 'text': 'Okay, now.', 'start': 375.997, 'duration': 0.832}, {'end': 383.347, 'text': 'Here we have something called solution explorer, and here you have the project that we just created.', 'start': 377.364, 'duration': 5.983}, {'end': 394.132, 'text': 'And then here in this source files folder, you have cppcrushcourse.cpp file, which is this file here, the one where we will be writing our code.', 'start': 383.547, 'duration': 10.585}, {'end': 399.455, 'text': 'Now, as you can see, we have gotten some default text when we created our project.', 'start': 394.832, 'duration': 4.623}], 'summary': "Creating a c++ console application project named 'cpp crash course' in visual studio.", 'duration': 60.572, 'max_score': 338.883, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ338883.jpg'}], 'start': 7.219, 'title': 'C++ crash course and introduction to c++', 'summary': 'Introduces a c++ crash course and its applications, encouraging gender diversity in it, and provides an overview of c++ efficiency in managing cpu and memory, its suitability for competitive programming, and the process of setting up visual studio for c++ programming.', 'chapters': [{'end': 151.134, 'start': 7.219, 'title': 'C++ crash course on code beauty channel', 'summary': 'Introduces the c++ crash course, covering its history and applications, and aims to encourage more girls and women to enter the it industry, with examples of c++ applications in browsers, games, operating systems, and embedded systems.', 'duration': 143.915, 'highlights': ['C++ is a general-purpose language created in the 1980s by combining the best features of Simula and C, and it has a wide range of applications including browsers, games, operating systems, embedded systems, compilers, interpreters, media editing, data mining, and machine learning.', 'The chapter aims to encourage more girls and women to enter the IT industry, while also welcoming male viewers.', 'C++ was created by combining features of Simula and C, two programming languages from the 1980s, and it has since been widely used in building browsers, games, operating systems, and embedded systems.']}, {'end': 457.67, 'start': 151.134, 'title': 'Introduction to c++', 'summary': 'Provides an overview of c++, highlighting its efficiency in managing cpu and memory, its suitability for competitive programming, and the process of downloading and setting up visual studio for c++ programming.', 'duration': 306.536, 'highlights': ['C++ is efficient in managing CPU and memory C++ allows efficient management of CPU and memory, making it suitable for resource-intensive tasks.', 'Suitable for competitive programming Individuals interested in competitive programming can benefit from learning C++ due to its efficiency and capabilities.', 'Process of downloading and setting up Visual Studio for C++ programming Provides detailed instructions on downloading and setting up Visual Studio for C++ programming, including selecting the required components and creating the first C++ console application.']}], 'duration': 450.451, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ7219.jpg', 'highlights': ['C++ is a general-purpose language with wide applications in browsers, games, operating systems, and embedded systems.', 'Encourages gender diversity in the IT industry, welcoming both female and male viewers.', 'Efficiently manages CPU and memory, making it suitable for resource-intensive tasks and competitive programming.', 'Provides detailed instructions for downloading and setting up Visual Studio for C++ programming.']}, {'end': 1096.919, 'segs': [{'end': 561.469, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 516.515, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 519.879, 'text': 'so it is a standard namespace that you have to use in order.', 'start': 516.515, 'duration': 3.364}, {'end': 524.123, 'text': 'you have to include it in order to use this cout command and many more so.', 'start': 519.879, 'duration': 4.244}, {'end': 532.777, 'text': 'now, when i run this, you can see that welcome to the C++ crash course has as well been written out in our console window.', 'start': 524.123, 'duration': 8.654}, {'end': 538.539, 'text': 'Okay, now the first thing that I want to do is going to be really to include this std namespace at the beginning.', 'start': 533.177, 'duration': 5.362}, {'end': 543.261, 'text': "So I'm going to say using namespace std.", 'start': 539.079, 'duration': 4.182}, {'end': 550.324, 'text': "now here i have included this standard namespace, so i don't have to write it here, nor here.", 'start': 544.361, 'duration': 5.963}, {'end': 551.364, 'text': 'i can remove that.', 'start': 550.324, 'duration': 1.04}, {'end': 556.107, 'text': 'however, i want to say that this here is not going to be the recommended way of doing things,', 'start': 551.364, 'duration': 4.743}, {'end': 561.469, 'text': 'because this here is going to include many more things than just ones that we will need for this application.', 'start': 556.107, 'duration': 5.362}], 'summary': 'Including std namespace in c++ for using cout command.', 'duration': 44.954, 'max_score': 516.515, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ516515.jpg'}, {'end': 608.354, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 583.988, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 592.17, 'text': 'A variable in C++ is just a container that takes memory and that container can hold a data of a certain type.', 'start': 583.988, 'duration': 8.182}, {'end': 602.072, 'text': 'Now that type in C++ can be an integer number, it can be a floating point number, it can be a character, a boolean value, a string, an array.', 'start': 592.49, 'duration': 9.582}, {'end': 608.354, 'text': 'And here I want to show you the most basic data types, And then later in this course,', 'start': 602.752, 'duration': 5.602}], 'summary': 'C++ variables can hold various data types including integer, floating point, character, boolean, string, and array.', 'duration': 24.366, 'max_score': 583.988, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ583988.jpg'}, {'end': 732.413, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 700.548, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 705.731, 'text': 'It is double size of float, which means that it can show a larger number.', 'start': 700.548, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 712.456, 'text': 'It can hold larger number, or you can represent a number with more decimal places to a higher precision.', 'start': 705.831, 'duration': 6.625}, {'end': 715.878, 'text': 'So I want to say, for example, balance.', 'start': 713.156, 'duration': 2.722}, {'end': 719.323, 'text': 'meaning bank account balance.', 'start': 717.461, 'duration': 1.862}, {'end': 725.047, 'text': 'if you had a lot of money and you want to store that in a variable, you are going to use double for that.', 'start': 719.323, 'duration': 5.724}, {'end': 732.413, 'text': "so I'm going to say, for example, one, two, three, four, five, point, six, seven, or you can store much, much bigger number.", 'start': 725.047, 'duration': 7.366}], 'summary': 'Double data type can hold larger numbers with higher precision, suitable for bank account balances and large numerical values.', 'duration': 31.865, 'max_score': 700.548, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ700548.jpg'}, {'end': 956.848, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 931.229, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 940.177, 'text': "Now, after I have created this array, let's show how you can write out the value that is stored at a specific position of that array.", 'start': 931.229, 'duration': 8.948}, {'end': 942.7, 'text': "So for that, I'm going to use cout command.", 'start': 940.518, 'duration': 2.182}, {'end': 950.264, 'text': "And let's say, for example, that I want to write out whatever is stored on the first position of my array.", 'start': 943.34, 'duration': 6.924}, {'end': 956.848, 'text': "And for that, I'm going to use index of zero because indexation of your array starts with zero.", 'start': 950.384, 'duration': 6.464}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating accessing array values using cout command and zero-based indexing.', 'duration': 25.619, 'max_score': 931.229, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ931229.jpg'}], 'start': 458.75, 'title': 'C++ basics and data types', 'summary': 'Covers the basics of writing and modifying c++ code, including the use of cout command, namespace std, and the recommended approach for including namespaces. it also covers fundamental c++ data types including integer, floating point, character, boolean, string, and array, with an emphasis on key concepts, examples of variable creation and manipulation, and showcasing the difference between float and double.', 'chapters': [{'end': 582.344, 'start': 458.75, 'title': 'C++ crash course: hello world and namespace usage', 'summary': 'Covers the basics of writing and modifying c++ code, including the use of cout command, namespace std, and the recommended approach for including namespaces, with an emphasis on the importance of selecting only necessary components, and introduces the next topic of variables and data types.', 'duration': 123.594, 'highlights': ["The chapter emphasizes the use of cout command and namespace std for writing and modifying C++ code, showcasing the output of 'hello world' message and a welcome message, along with the importance of including only necessary components from the namespace. The chapter demonstrates the use of cout command to display messages in the console window and the inclusion of namespace std, while highlighting the need to selectively include components from the namespace for efficient programming.", "The chapter mentions the use of 'using namespace std' to include the standard namespace, removing the need to explicitly write it in subsequent code, while acknowledging that this approach includes unnecessary components and advises on the recommended practice of selectively including only necessary components from the namespace for efficient programming. The chapter introduces the use of 'using namespace std' to include the standard namespace, acknowledging its inclusion of unnecessary components and advocating for the selective inclusion of only necessary components for efficient programming."]}, {'end': 1096.919, 'start': 583.988, 'title': 'C++ data types overview', 'summary': 'Covers the fundamental c++ data types including integer, floating point, character, boolean, string, and array, highlighting key concepts and examples of variable creation and manipulation, emphasizing the difference between float and double, and showcasing the creation and manipulation of array elements.', 'duration': 512.931, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the fundamental C++ data types including integer, floating point, character, boolean, string, and array. It provides an overview of the basic data types in C++, highlighting the variety of types that can be used to store different kinds of data.', 'Emphasizes the difference between float and double, showcasing how double can store double the data and represent a number with higher precision. It explains the difference between float and double data types, demonstrating that double can store larger numbers and provide higher precision for decimal places.', 'Showcases the creation and manipulation of array elements, including initialization, accessing specific positions, and reassigning values. It demonstrates the creation and manipulation of array elements, illustrating how to initialize, access specific positions, and reassign values within the array.']}], 'duration': 638.169, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ458750.jpg', 'highlights': ["The chapter emphasizes the use of cout command and namespace std for writing and modifying C++ code, showcasing the output of 'hello world' message and a welcome message, along with the importance of including only necessary components from the namespace.", 'The chapter demonstrates the use of cout command to display messages in the console window and the inclusion of namespace std, while highlighting the need to selectively include components from the namespace for efficient programming.', "The chapter introduces the use of 'using namespace std' to include the standard namespace, acknowledging its inclusion of unnecessary components and advocating for the selective inclusion of only necessary components for efficient programming.", 'The chapter covers the fundamental C++ data types including integer, floating point, character, boolean, string, and array, providing an overview of the basic data types in C++.', 'It explains the difference between float and double data types, demonstrating that double can store larger numbers and provide higher precision for decimal places.', 'It demonstrates the creation and manipulation of array elements, illustrating how to initialize, access specific positions, and reassign values within the array.']}, {'end': 1569.638, 'segs': [{'end': 1125.07, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1097.859, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1106.123, 'text': 'Now here, I have shown some of the most important basic data types in C++, but there are variations to these.', 'start': 1097.859, 'duration': 8.264}, {'end': 1111.526, 'text': 'For example, you can say that you want to store only positive numbers in your integer, or you can say, for example,', 'start': 1106.424, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 1118.208, 'text': 'that you want to use long int or long long int in order to store a bigger number in your integer variable.', 'start': 1111.526, 'duration': 6.682}, {'end': 1125.07, 'text': "so there are many variations to these and in order for you to see that, i'm going to include table here.", 'start': 1118.208, 'duration': 6.862}], 'summary': 'The c++ data types include variations like storing only positive numbers and using long int or long long int for bigger numbers.', 'duration': 27.211, 'max_score': 1097.859, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1097859.jpg'}, {'end': 1251.595, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1224.715, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1229.078, 'text': 'And that is going to be using ternary operator or conditional operator.', 'start': 1224.715, 'duration': 4.363}, {'end': 1236.803, 'text': 'And what is the syntax of it? You first specify the variable or condition expression that you want to check.', 'start': 1229.818, 'duration': 6.985}, {'end': 1242.532, 'text': 'okay, like this, and then you put question mark and after this question mark,', 'start': 1237.97, 'duration': 4.562}, {'end': 1248.994, 'text': 'you are going to specify whatever is going to be executed in a situation where this here is true.', 'start': 1242.532, 'duration': 6.462}, {'end': 1251.595, 'text': 'so this line of code.', 'start': 1248.994, 'duration': 2.601}], 'summary': 'Using ternary operator to specify condition and execution in code.', 'duration': 26.88, 'max_score': 1224.715, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1224715.jpg'}, {'end': 1414.471, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1385.046, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1387.347, 'text': "And then let's cover another situation.", 'start': 1385.046, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 1389.928, 'text': 'And that is going to be our final else.', 'start': 1387.367, 'duration': 2.561}, {'end': 1396.651, 'text': 'And in that situation, what I want to do is I want to say to my user, for example, go to work.', 'start': 1390.148, 'duration': 6.503}, {'end': 1399.572, 'text': 'Like this.', 'start': 1399.151, 'duration': 0.421}, {'end': 1406.214, 'text': "Okay, now this was an example on how you can write multiple if else's.", 'start': 1400.232, 'duration': 5.982}, {'end': 1414.471, 'text': 'And now if I run my program, you can see that it says go to the work because this variable here is false.', 'start': 1406.514, 'duration': 7.957}], 'summary': "Example of writing multiple if-else statements with a false variable resulting in 'go to work'", 'duration': 29.425, 'max_score': 1385.046, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1385046.jpg'}], 'start': 1097.859, 'title': 'C++ basics and nested if else statements', 'summary': 'Covers variations of basic data types in c++ including long int and long long int, and demonstrates conditional statements using if-else and ternary operator. it also showcases the use of nested if-else statements with logical operators and user messages.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1296.486, 'start': 1097.859, 'title': 'C++ basic data types and conditional statements', 'summary': 'Covers the variations of basic data types in c++, including the usage of long int or long long int to store larger numbers, and demonstrates conditional statements in c++ using if-else statements and ternary operator.', 'duration': 198.627, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the variations of basic data types in C++, including the usage of long int or long long int to store larger numbers. The transcript discusses the variations of basic data types in C++, such as storing only positive numbers in an integer or using long int or long long int to store larger numbers.', 'Demonstrates conditional statements in C++ using if-else statements and ternary operator. The transcript explains the usage of if-else statements to execute different code based on a certain condition and demonstrates the syntax of the ternary operator for a shorter way to write if-else statements.', 'Explains the usage of single and multi-line comments in C++. The transcript discusses the usage of single and multi-line comments in C++ to add comments to the code for better understanding and readability.']}, {'end': 1569.638, 'start': 1297.984, 'title': 'Nested if else statements', 'summary': 'Demonstrates the use of nested if else statements to handle different conditions, including examples of using logical operators and their outcomes, resulting in messages for the user.', 'duration': 271.654, 'highlights': ['The chapter demonstrates the use of nested if else statements to handle different conditions. It illustrates how to nest if else statements to handle multiple conditions and their outcomes.', 'Examples of using logical operators and their outcomes are provided. It provides examples of using logical operators to check multiple conditions and the resulting outcomes based on the conditions.', 'Messages for the user are generated based on the outcomes of the nested if else statements. It shows how messages are generated for the user based on the outcomes of the nested if else statements, providing different instructions based on the conditions.']}], 'duration': 471.779, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1097859.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the variations of basic data types in C++, including the usage of long int or long long int to store larger numbers.', 'Demonstrates conditional statements in C++ using if-else statements and ternary operator.', 'The chapter demonstrates the use of nested if else statements to handle different conditions.', 'Examples of using logical operators and their outcomes are provided.']}, {'end': 2374.245, 'segs': [{'end': 1655.663, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1589.312, 'weight': 0.765, 'content': [{'end': 1592.474, 'text': "So I'm going to create here an enumeration.", 'start': 1589.312, 'duration': 3.162}, {'end': 1598.298, 'text': "So I haven't mentioned enumerations earlier, but I'm going to show you how you can create an enumeration in C++,", 'start': 1592.654, 'duration': 5.644}, {'end': 1600.779, 'text': 'because we are going to use that for this example.', 'start': 1598.298, 'duration': 2.481}, {'end': 1609.545, 'text': "So you say enum and then let's call this enumeration eye color like this.", 'start': 1600.859, 'duration': 8.686}, {'end': 1615.469, 'text': 'And then here you put variants, you put elements of this enumeration.', 'start': 1610.105, 'duration': 5.364}, {'end': 1625.779, 'text': 'So you say, for example, brown and then blue and then um, green, i think, and then we have gray as well,', 'start': 1615.489, 'duration': 10.29}, {'end': 1632.922, 'text': "and let's say other to cover other possible eye colors, but let's say that these are the main ones.", 'start': 1625.779, 'duration': 7.143}, {'end': 1641.306, 'text': 'so now we have created enumeration called eye color and we have given it these five values, these five variants, so brown, blue, green,', 'start': 1632.922, 'duration': 8.384}, {'end': 1642.826, 'text': 'gray and other.', 'start': 1641.306, 'duration': 1.52}, {'end': 1655.663, 'text': "and let's now create a variable which is going to be off type eye color, and let's call it eye color as well, only lowercase E, like this", 'start': 1642.826, 'duration': 12.837}], 'summary': 'Demonstrates creating an enumeration in c++ for eye colors with five variants: brown, blue, green, gray, and other.', 'duration': 66.351, 'max_score': 1589.312, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1589312.jpg'}, {'end': 1686.146, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1662.608, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1675.695, 'text': 'Okay, and now I want to show you how you can use switch case in order to check for all of these five values and then write out how many other people have that particular eye color.', 'start': 1662.608, 'duration': 13.087}, {'end': 1679.437, 'text': 'In order to write your switch case, you say switch.', 'start': 1676.775, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 1680.979, 'text': 'Like this.', 'start': 1680.458, 'duration': 0.521}, {'end': 1685.265, 'text': 'And then here in these parentheses you put the variable that you want to check.', 'start': 1681.119, 'duration': 4.146}, {'end': 1686.146, 'text': 'Like this.', 'start': 1685.585, 'duration': 0.561}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating the use of switch case to check for five values and count people with each eye color.', 'duration': 23.538, 'max_score': 1662.608, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1662608.jpg'}, {'end': 1970.153, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1941.025, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1945.908, 'text': "And then I'm going to demonstrate examples of while loop and do while loop.", 'start': 1941.025, 'duration': 4.883}, {'end': 1953.594, 'text': "And I'm going to show those two together because I really want to point out the difference between while loop and do while loop.", 'start': 1946.369, 'duration': 7.225}, {'end': 1956.859, 'text': 'So the first one that we will create is while loop.', 'start': 1954.034, 'duration': 2.825}, {'end': 1960.685, 'text': "And on that example, I'm going to demonstrate an infinite loop.", 'start': 1957.059, 'duration': 3.626}, {'end': 1965.213, 'text': "So let's create a variable which we will use as counter.", 'start': 1961.327, 'duration': 3.886}, {'end': 1970.153, 'text': "like this, and let's initially give it a value of one.", 'start': 1966.331, 'duration': 3.822}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating while and do while loops with examples and a focus on the differences.', 'duration': 29.128, 'max_score': 1941.025, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1941025.jpg'}, {'end': 2296.337, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2271.144, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2280.269, 'text': 'Now, another loop that is often used in C++ is for loop, and for loop is often used when you know in advance how many iterations you will have.', 'start': 2271.144, 'duration': 9.125}, {'end': 2287.092, 'text': "Now, one example could be to enter or to write out elements of an array, so let's do that.", 'start': 2280.749, 'duration': 6.343}, {'end': 2296.337, 'text': "Let's create array of strings like this, and let's call it animals, for example, and let's say that we will have five animals.", 'start': 2287.172, 'duration': 9.165}], 'summary': 'For loops in c++ are used for known iterations, like writing out elements of an array.', 'duration': 25.193, 'max_score': 2271.144, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2271144.jpg'}], 'start': 1571.832, 'title': 'C++ switch case and loop concepts', 'summary': 'Discusses the use of switch case in c++ to check for different values, such as determining eye color percentages, and covers infinite, while, and do while loops with examples and comparisons, including iterating through an array of strings.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1919.41, 'start': 1571.832, 'title': 'Switch case in c++', 'summary': 'Discusses the use of switch case in c++ to check for different values and execute corresponding code blocks, such as determining the percentage of people with specific eye colors and handling default cases for invalid input.', 'duration': 347.578, 'highlights': ['The switch case is used to check for different values and execute corresponding code blocks. Switch case is a form of selection used when there are multiple options to choose from, not necessarily checking on a boolean value, but on some other data type.', "Demonstration of creating an enumeration in C++ to represent eye colors and assigning values to the enumeration elements. The creation of an enumeration 'eye color' with variants like brown, blue, green, gray, and other, representing different eye colors in C++.", 'Example of using switch case to check for different eye colors and outputting the percentage of people with each specific eye color. Demonstration of using switch case to check for different eye color values and outputting the percentage of people with brown, blue, green, gray, or other eye colors.']}, {'end': 2374.245, 'start': 1919.45, 'title': 'Loops in c++: infinite, while, and do while loops', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of loops in c++, including an example of an infinite loop, demonstrations of while and do while loops with a comparison of their differences, and an example of using a for loop to iterate through an array of strings.', 'duration': 454.795, 'highlights': ['The chapter discusses the concept of loops in C++, including an example of an infinite loop The instructor explains the concept of loops in C++ and provides an example of an infinite loop where the value of the counter is never changed, resulting in the loop iterating endlessly.', 'Demonstrations of while and do while loops with a comparison of their differences The instructor demonstrates while and do while loops, highlighting that the do while loop will always execute at least once, even if the condition is initially false, while the while loop may not execute at all if the condition is false.', 'An example of using a for loop to iterate through an array of strings An example of using a for loop to iterate through an array of strings (animals) is provided, with the instructor explaining the initialization of the counter, the condition, and the iteration through the elements of the array.']}], 'duration': 802.413, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ1571832.jpg', 'highlights': ['Demonstration of using switch case to check for different eye color values and outputting the percentage of people with brown, blue, green, gray, or other eye colors.', 'Demonstrations of while and do while loops with a comparison of their differences', 'An example of using a for loop to iterate through an array of strings']}, {'end': 2840.312, 'segs': [{'end': 2502.756, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2385.38, 'weight': 0.802, 'content': [{'end': 2387.561, 'text': "So let's say I plus plus.", 'start': 2385.38, 'duration': 2.181}, {'end': 2395.266, 'text': 'Okay And then what I want to do here is I just want to write out the element that has that index.', 'start': 2388.422, 'duration': 6.844}, {'end': 2403.312, 'text': "So I'm going to say cout and then let's say animals of that index.", 'start': 2395.786, 'duration': 7.526}, {'end': 2407.094, 'text': "So animals of I and let's add and lie.", 'start': 2403.352, 'duration': 3.742}, {'end': 2416.658, 'text': 'And now if I run this code, as you can see, we get these cat, dog, cow, goat, and B.', 'start': 2407.914, 'duration': 8.744}, {'end': 2419.9, 'text': 'So all of the elements of our, of our array.', 'start': 2416.658, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 2427.996, 'text': 'In this chapter, I want to talk about functions in C++,', 'start': 2424.252, 'duration': 3.744}, {'end': 2435.825, 'text': 'and a function is a block of code that is organized and grouped together in a way so that it can perform a specific task.', 'start': 2427.996, 'duration': 7.829}, {'end': 2444.355, 'text': 'Now, dividing your code into functions is going to make your code reusable, and that is going to make your code easier to read and easier to maintain.', 'start': 2436.286, 'duration': 8.069}, {'end': 2447.085, 'text': 'Now I want to show you two examples.', 'start': 2445.103, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 2453.05, 'text': 'I want to show you example of function that returns a value and then example of function that does not return a value.', 'start': 2447.925, 'duration': 5.125}, {'end': 2456.913, 'text': 'And the first one is going to be a function that returns a value.', 'start': 2453.57, 'duration': 3.343}, {'end': 2462.257, 'text': 'It is going to be a function that is going to sum two numbers and then return the result to us.', 'start': 2456.993, 'duration': 5.264}, {'end': 2464.699, 'text': 'So I will say float.', 'start': 2462.838, 'duration': 1.861}, {'end': 2468.022, 'text': 'That is going to be the return type of our function.', 'start': 2465.38, 'duration': 2.642}, {'end': 2471.025, 'text': 'And then I will call my function sum.', 'start': 2468.503, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 2474.577, 'text': 'And here you pass arguments to your function.', 'start': 2471.934, 'duration': 2.643}, {'end': 2477.88, 'text': 'So you say which arguments your function is going to receive.', 'start': 2474.617, 'duration': 3.263}, {'end': 2481.704, 'text': 'And those are going to be two arguments, both of type float.', 'start': 2478.361, 'duration': 3.343}, {'end': 2487.371, 'text': "So float A and then float B, let's call them like that.", 'start': 2482.99, 'duration': 4.381}, {'end': 2489.192, 'text': "Let's call them A and B.", 'start': 2487.411, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 2492.573, 'text': 'And this here is called function declaration.', 'start': 2489.192, 'duration': 3.381}, {'end': 2495.674, 'text': 'Now this function is missing definition,', 'start': 2492.973, 'duration': 2.701}, {'end': 2502.756, 'text': 'and definition of function goes after your main function and then declaration of function goes before your main function.', 'start': 2495.674, 'duration': 7.082}], 'summary': 'Introduction to c++ functions and array indexing with an example of a function that returns a value and another that does not.', 'duration': 117.376, 'max_score': 2385.38, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2385380.jpg'}, {'end': 2456.913, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2407.914, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2416.658, 'text': 'And now if I run this code, as you can see, we get these cat, dog, cow, goat, and B.', 'start': 2407.914, 'duration': 8.744}, {'end': 2419.9, 'text': 'So all of the elements of our, of our array.', 'start': 2416.658, 'duration': 3.242}, {'end': 2427.996, 'text': 'In this chapter, I want to talk about functions in C++,', 'start': 2424.252, 'duration': 3.744}, {'end': 2435.825, 'text': 'and a function is a block of code that is organized and grouped together in a way so that it can perform a specific task.', 'start': 2427.996, 'duration': 7.829}, {'end': 2444.355, 'text': 'Now, dividing your code into functions is going to make your code reusable, and that is going to make your code easier to read and easier to maintain.', 'start': 2436.286, 'duration': 8.069}, {'end': 2447.085, 'text': 'Now I want to show you two examples.', 'start': 2445.103, 'duration': 1.982}, {'end': 2453.05, 'text': 'I want to show you example of function that returns a value and then example of function that does not return a value.', 'start': 2447.925, 'duration': 5.125}, {'end': 2456.913, 'text': 'And the first one is going to be a function that returns a value.', 'start': 2453.57, 'duration': 3.343}], 'summary': 'Functions in c++ help organize code for reusability and readability.', 'duration': 48.999, 'max_score': 2407.914, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2407914.jpg'}, {'end': 2534.332, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2506.417, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2511.522, 'text': 'and here i want to write the definition of my function that is called sum.', 'start': 2506.417, 'duration': 5.105}, {'end': 2515.887, 'text': 'so this function is just going to sum these two numbers and return the result.', 'start': 2511.522, 'duration': 4.365}, {'end': 2525.437, 'text': "so i'm going to say return a plus b like this okay now, how do you invoke this function here?", 'start': 2515.887, 'duration': 9.55}, {'end': 2534.332, 'text': 'in my main function, i will say sum, and then you pass two arguments, two parameters to your function.', 'start': 2525.437, 'duration': 8.895}], 'summary': "A function named 'sum' adds two numbers and returns the result.", 'duration': 27.915, 'max_score': 2506.417, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2506417.jpg'}, {'end': 2620.599, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2593.925, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2598.808, 'text': 'Now that was an example of a function that returns value.', 'start': 2593.925, 'duration': 4.883}, {'end': 2600.95, 'text': 'In this particular case, it returns float.', 'start': 2598.928, 'duration': 2.022}, {'end': 2605.453, 'text': 'And another type that I want to show you is going to be a function that does not return a value.', 'start': 2601.47, 'duration': 3.983}, {'end': 2610.676, 'text': 'So in order to declare that function, you will use return type void, meaning nothing.', 'start': 2605.493, 'duration': 5.183}, {'end': 2620.599, 'text': "So you say void, and then let's say that that function will be called, introduce me like this.", 'start': 2611.397, 'duration': 9.202}], 'summary': 'Example of a function returning a float and one not returning a value, using void as return type.', 'duration': 26.674, 'max_score': 2593.925, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2593925.jpg'}, {'end': 2784.427, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 2725.673, 'weight': 0.706, 'content': [{'end': 2734.896, 'text': "so i will say, for example, anna, and let's say that she's going to be 35, and if i run it, as you can see, it says as well my name is anna,", 'start': 2725.673, 'duration': 9.223}, {'end': 2737.137, 'text': 'i am 35 years old.', 'start': 2734.896, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 2741.958, 'text': 'now there is as well a concept of default parameter in c++.', 'start': 2737.137, 'duration': 4.821}, {'end': 2749.682, 'text': "so for that i'm going to assign a default value to my age parameter here and i'm going to say that default value is 0.", 'start': 2741.958, 'duration': 7.724}, {'end': 2755.806, 'text': "and now this means that you don't have to pass this age parameter to your function anymore.", 'start': 2749.682, 'duration': 6.124}, {'end': 2762.311, 'text': 'so if i delete it from here and then i run my function, i run my program.', 'start': 2755.806, 'duration': 6.505}, {'end': 2764.632, 'text': 'as you can see, it says my name is anna,', 'start': 2762.311, 'duration': 2.321}, {'end': 2772.818, 'text': "i am zero years old and now you can do whatever you want with your function in the situation that you haven't passed this age parameter.", 'start': 2764.632, 'duration': 8.186}, {'end': 2781.866, 'text': 'the previous chapter we talked about functions and then in this chapter i want to talk about pointers.', 'start': 2776.084, 'duration': 5.782}, {'end': 2784.427, 'text': 'so let me explain what are those.', 'start': 2781.866, 'duration': 2.561}], 'summary': 'Example of using default parameter in c++ function with age parameter set to 0.', 'duration': 58.754, 'max_score': 2725.673, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2725673.jpg'}, {'end': 2816.365, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2791.13, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2797.633, 'text': 'instead of storing a value itself, it is going to store an address of a variable.', 'start': 2791.13, 'duration': 6.503}, {'end': 2801.654, 'text': 'so, for example, an integer variable can store an integer number,', 'start': 2797.633, 'duration': 4.021}, {'end': 2809.16, 'text': 'so a whole number And then an integer pointer is going to store an address of an integer variable.', 'start': 2801.654, 'duration': 7.506}, {'end': 2812.662, 'text': 'Now, pointers in C++ have many uses.', 'start': 2809.62, 'duration': 3.042}, {'end': 2816.365, 'text': 'And if you really want to understand and work with pointers,', 'start': 2812.922, 'duration': 3.443}], 'summary': 'Pointers in c++ store addresses of variables, enabling various uses.', 'duration': 25.235, 'max_score': 2791.13, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2791130.jpg'}], 'start': 2375.834, 'title': 'C++ functions and pointers', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of functions in c++ for reusability and readability of code, demonstrates examples of functions that return a value and functions that do not return a value, and covers using pointers with functions, including assigning default parameters and passing arguments.', 'chapters': [{'end': 2593.425, 'start': 2375.834, 'title': 'C++ functions', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of functions in c++ for reusability and readability of code, and demonstrates examples of functions that return a value and functions that do not return a value.', 'duration': 217.591, 'highlights': ['Functions in C++ are important for reusability and readability of code, and the chapter demonstrates examples of functions that return a value and functions that do not return a value. The chapter discusses the importance of functions in C++ for reusability and readability of code, and demonstrates examples of functions that return a value and functions that do not return a value.', 'A function is a block of code organized to perform a specific task, and dividing code into functions makes it reusable and easier to maintain. A function is a block of code organized to perform a specific task, and dividing code into functions makes it reusable and easier to maintain.', 'A function is demonstrated that sums two numbers and returns the result, showcasing the usage of function declaration, definition, and invocation. A function is demonstrated that sums two numbers and returns the result, showcasing the usage of function declaration, definition, and invocation.']}, {'end': 2840.312, 'start': 2593.925, 'title': 'C++ functions and pointers', 'summary': 'Covers the concept of functions in c++, including a function that does not return a value and a demonstration of using pointers with functions, such as assigning default parameters and passing arguments.', 'duration': 246.387, 'highlights': ["A function is demonstrated that does not return a value, using the return type void and taking arguments like name and age. The function 'introduce me' is shown, which takes two arguments: name and age, and does not return a value.", 'The concept of default parameters in C++ is introduced, allowing a default value to be assigned to a parameter, eliminating the need to pass it to the function. The default parameter for the age is set to 0, demonstrating that it does not need to be passed to the function anymore.', 'Explanation of pointers in C++, highlighting that instead of storing a value itself, a pointer stores the address of a variable, and their common uses with functions and arrays are briefly mentioned. Pointers in C++ are introduced as variables that store addresses of other variables, and their common uses with functions and arrays are mentioned.']}], 'duration': 464.478, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2375834.jpg', 'highlights': ['Functions in C++ are important for reusability and readability of code, and the chapter demonstrates examples of functions that return a value and functions that do not return a value.', 'A function is a block of code organized to perform a specific task, and dividing code into functions makes it reusable and easier to maintain.', 'A function is demonstrated that sums two numbers and returns the result, showcasing the usage of function declaration, definition, and invocation.', 'A function is demonstrated that does not return a value, using the return type void and taking arguments like name and age.', 'The concept of default parameters in C++ is introduced, allowing a default value to be assigned to a parameter, eliminating the need to pass it to the function.', 'Explanation of pointers in C++, highlighting that instead of storing a value itself, a pointer stores the address of a variable, and their common uses with functions and arrays are briefly mentioned.']}, {'end': 3494.687, 'segs': [{'end': 3051.318, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2995.442, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3001.677, 'text': "and i'm running it and as you can see, it says Before function, age is 25..", 'start': 2995.442, 'duration': 6.235}, {'end': 3004.739, 'text': 'And then it says, yay, celebrated 26th birthday.', 'start': 3001.677, 'duration': 3.062}, {'end': 3007.64, 'text': 'And then it says, after function, age is again 25.', 'start': 3004.799, 'duration': 2.841}, {'end': 3008.601, 'text': 'What has happened here?', 'start': 3007.64, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 3019.149, 'text': 'So what has happened here is that this function here, this celebrate birthday, is not receiving this variable,', 'start': 3011.263, 'duration': 7.886}, {'end': 3024.193, 'text': 'meaning it is not working with this variable here, but it has its own copy.', 'start': 3019.149, 'duration': 5.044}, {'end': 3030.378, 'text': 'And then whatever it performs of the calculations, it is going to perform those calculations on its own.', 'start': 3024.313, 'duration': 6.065}, {'end': 3040.608, 'text': 'copy, which means that those changes are not going to reflect on this variable here, and that is why we have 25 in this line,', 'start': 3030.778, 'duration': 9.83}, {'end': 3047.694, 'text': 'and then invoking function and then again here we have 25, even though we have increased that value here.', 'start': 3040.608, 'duration': 7.086}, {'end': 3051.318, 'text': 'now, in order to solve that problem, we will use pointers.', 'start': 3047.694, 'duration': 3.624}], 'summary': 'Function fails to update age variable, leaving it at 25.', 'duration': 55.876, 'max_score': 2995.442, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2995442.jpg'}, {'end': 3218.033, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3193.294, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3200.623, 'text': 'And this is going to allow your program to have different components of your program accessing same memory locations,', 'start': 3193.294, 'duration': 7.329}, {'end': 3204.788, 'text': 'meaning sharing data that is stored on those memory locations.', 'start': 3200.623, 'duration': 4.165}, {'end': 3208.573, 'text': 'And that is one example of how pointers are used in C++.', 'start': 3205.329, 'duration': 3.244}, {'end': 3218.033, 'text': 'Now another use of pointers in C++ is going to be using them with arrays.', 'start': 3213.331, 'duration': 4.702}], 'summary': 'Pointers in c++ enable sharing data and array manipulation.', 'duration': 24.739, 'max_score': 3193.294, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ3193294.jpg'}, {'end': 3494.687, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3466.998, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3474.541, 'text': 'Now, one thing that you will have to be careful with is going to be to not access memory addresses that are not yours,', 'start': 3466.998, 'duration': 7.543}, {'end': 3479.303, 'text': 'which means that this lucky numbers array has five elements.', 'start': 3474.541, 'duration': 4.762}, {'end': 3484.165, 'text': 'The first one starts with zero and the last one ends with index four.', 'start': 3479.723, 'duration': 4.442}, {'end': 3494.687, 'text': 'And that means, if you try to access addresses with indexes 5 and 6 and 7 and so on, those are memory addresses that are not yours,', 'start': 3484.965, 'duration': 9.722}], 'summary': 'Lucky numbers array has 5 elements, avoid accessing indexes beyond 4 to prevent memory access issues.', 'duration': 27.689, 'max_score': 3466.998, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ3466998.jpg'}], 'start': 2840.513, 'title': 'Using pointers in c++', 'summary': "Demonstrates using pointers to modify variable values and accessing array elements in c++, with examples of increasing a variable's value and iterating through an array using pointers, cautioning against accessing memory addresses outside the array's range.", 'chapters': [{'end': 3192.654, 'start': 2840.513, 'title': 'Using pointers to modify variable values', 'summary': "Demonstrates the use of pointers to modify variable values, with an example of increasing a variable's value using a function and addressing the issue of changes not reflecting on the original variable, resolved by passing the variable's address and dereferencing the pointer.", 'duration': 352.141, 'highlights': ["The function 'celebrate birthday' is created to increment the variable 'my age' and write out a message, where the value of the variable is initially set to 25. The function 'celebrate birthday' is introduced to modify the variable 'my age' and displays a message, with the initial value of the variable set to 25.", "The issue arises where the changes made within the function 'celebrate birthday' do not reflect on the original variable, resulting in the variable still holding the value of 25. Changes made within the 'celebrate birthday' function do not reflect on the original variable, leaving it with the initial value of 25.", 'The problem of changes not being reflected on the original variable is addressed by using pointers, passing the address of the variable and then dereferencing the pointer to access and modify the value. The issue of changes not reflecting on the original variable is resolved by using pointers, passing the address of the variable, and dereferencing the pointer to access and modify the value.']}, {'end': 3494.687, 'start': 3193.294, 'title': 'Pointers in c++ with arrays', 'summary': "Explains how pointers are used in c++ to access and manipulate array elements, demonstrating how the array name represents the address of its first element and how pointers can be used to iterate through the array, while cautioning against accessing memory addresses that are not within the array's range.", 'duration': 301.393, 'highlights': ['The name of the array in C++ represents the address of its first element, allowing for sharing data stored on those memory locations.', 'A pointer in C++ can be used to access and manipulate array elements, demonstrating how the array name represents the address of its first element, and how pointers can be used to iterate through the array.', "Caution is advised against accessing memory addresses that are not within the array's range, as it may lead to accessing memory addresses that are not yours."]}], 'duration': 654.174, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ2840513.jpg', 'highlights': ["The issue arises where the changes made within the function 'celebrate birthday' do not reflect on the original variable, resulting in the variable still holding the value of 25.", 'The problem of changes not being reflected on the original variable is addressed by using pointers, passing the address of the variable and then dereferencing the pointer to access and modify the value.', 'A pointer in C++ can be used to access and manipulate array elements, demonstrating how the array name represents the address of its first element, and how pointers can be used to iterate through the array.', "Caution is advised against accessing memory addresses that are not within the array's range, as it may lead to accessing memory addresses that are not yours."]}, {'end': 4185.076, 'segs': [{'end': 3548.529, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3524.831, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3532.159, 'text': 'And those real life objects are going to be represented together with their properties or attributes and then their behaviors as well.', 'start': 3524.831, 'duration': 7.328}, {'end': 3537.822, 'text': 'one of the most important concepts of oop are classes and objects.', 'start': 3532.839, 'duration': 4.983}, {'end': 3548.529, 'text': 'now, a class is a blueprint, a template, and then an object is going to be a concrete example of that class or an instance of that class.', 'start': 3537.822, 'duration': 10.707}], 'summary': 'Oop involves representing real-life objects with classes and objects, a key concept of oop is classes and objects.', 'duration': 23.698, 'max_score': 3524.831, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ3524831.jpg'}, {'end': 3676.03, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3651.246, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 3658.732, 'text': 'a regular car is going to have many more properties than just these three, but in order to demonstrate how classes are created and used,', 'start': 3651.246, 'duration': 7.486}, {'end': 3660.854, 'text': "i'm going to use just these three properties.", 'start': 3658.732, 'duration': 2.122}, {'end': 3666.159, 'text': 'Okay now, how can you create a variable that is going to have this type?', 'start': 3661.414, 'duration': 4.745}, {'end': 3670.604, 'text': 'So how can you create a variable, an object of type car?', 'start': 3666.22, 'duration': 4.384}, {'end': 3676.03, 'text': "In order to do that, I'm going to go here and I'm going to say car, and then let's create a car.", 'start': 3670.985, 'duration': 5.045}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating creation and use of car class with 3 properties.', 'duration': 24.784, 'max_score': 3651.246, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ3651246.jpg'}, {'end': 3907.183, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3880.305, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3884.948, 'text': "So now I'm going to show you how you can do this in an easier way.", 'start': 3880.305, 'duration': 4.643}, {'end': 3897.439, 'text': 'In this chapter, I want to talk about constructors and a constructor is a method that is called automatically when you create an instance of a class.', 'start': 3888.496, 'duration': 8.943}, {'end': 3901.461, 'text': 'So when you create an object, a constructor of that class is called.', 'start': 3897.459, 'duration': 4.002}, {'end': 3907.183, 'text': 'Now, so far we had to assign values to these properties like this.', 'start': 3901.961, 'duration': 5.222}], 'summary': 'Demonstrating an easier way to use constructors in class instances.', 'duration': 26.878, 'max_score': 3880.305, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ3880305.jpg'}, {'end': 4076.286, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4045.665, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4053.829, 'text': 'Okay Now, when I created these two objects, these should behave the same.', 'start': 4045.665, 'duration': 8.164}, {'end': 4061.893, 'text': 'So if I run my program, as you can see, we still have these informations about our Ford and then our Volvo.', 'start': 4054.089, 'duration': 7.804}, {'end': 4068.154, 'text': 'Another important thing is going to be class methods.', 'start': 4064.389, 'duration': 3.765}, {'end': 4076.286, 'text': 'And in order to represent a behavior of a class, you are going to use class method, which is going to be basically a function.', 'start': 4068.895, 'duration': 7.391}], 'summary': 'Creating objects with similar behavior and using class methods for functionality.', 'duration': 30.621, 'max_score': 4045.665, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4045665.jpg'}, {'end': 4185.076, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4158.877, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4162.839, 'text': 'And as you can see, it says Ford red color, $50,000 and then Volvo black $70,000.', 'start': 4158.877, 'duration': 3.962}, {'end': 4164.38, 'text': 'So that would be an example of class method.', 'start': 4162.839, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 4179.344, 'text': 'Three most important characteristics of OOP are encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism.', 'start': 4173.051, 'duration': 6.293}, {'end': 4182.47, 'text': 'And in this chapter, I want to talk about encapsulation.', 'start': 4179.845, 'duration': 2.625}, {'end': 4185.076, 'text': 'So what is this rule of encapsulation?', 'start': 4182.531, 'duration': 2.545}], 'summary': 'Oop emphasizes encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. example: ford red $50,000, volvo black $70,000.', 'duration': 26.199, 'max_score': 4158.877, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4158877.jpg'}], 'start': 3494.687, 'title': 'Oop in c++', 'summary': "Introduces oop in c++, explaining classes and objects and demonstrating their implementation through a 'car' class with properties like name, color, and price, along with discussing constructors, class methods, and encapsulation.", 'chapters': [{'end': 3880.145, 'start': 3494.687, 'title': 'Introduction to object-oriented programming in c++', 'summary': "Introduces the concept of object-oriented programming in c++, explaining the use of classes and objects to represent real-life entities and demonstrating their implementation through a 'car' class with properties like name, color, and price, showcasing the creation of objects of this class and the retrieval of their properties.", 'duration': 385.458, 'highlights': ['The chapter explains that C++ is an object-oriented language, allowing the representation of real-life objects with their properties and behaviors.', 'It introduces the concept of classes and objects, where a class serves as a blueprint and an object represents a concrete example of that class.', "The detailed process of defining a class 'car' with properties like name, color, and price, and creating objects of this class with specific values is demonstrated, providing a practical understanding of object-oriented programming in C++."]}, {'end': 4185.076, 'start': 3880.305, 'title': 'Constructor and class methods', 'summary': 'Discusses the concept of constructors and class methods, demonstrating how to use constructors to assign values to object properties and how to create class methods to represent class behaviors, along with an overview of encapsulation in oop.', 'duration': 304.771, 'highlights': ["The chapter explains the concept of constructors and demonstrates how to use them to assign values to object properties on object creation, exemplifying the creation of a constructor for a class 'car' with parameters for name, color, and price, and the subsequent assignment of these parameters to the class variables. Example of creating a constructor for a class with parameters for name, color, and price, and assigning these parameters to the class variables.", "It illustrates the use of class methods to represent class behaviors and showcases the creation of a class method 'get info' to display the information of the car objects, emphasizing the direct accessibility of class properties within the class, thereby reducing code repetition. Demonstration of creating a class method 'get info' to display information of car objects and emphasizing the direct accessibility of class properties within the class.", 'The chapter provides an overview of encapsulation as one of the three important characteristics of OOP, highlighting its significance in OOP and setting the stage for further discussions on encapsulation. Overview of encapsulation as one of the three important characteristics of OOP, setting the stage for further discussions on encapsulation.']}], 'duration': 690.389, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ3494687.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter explains that C++ is an object-oriented language, allowing the representation of real-life objects with their properties and behaviors.', 'It introduces the concept of classes and objects, where a class serves as a blueprint and an object represents a concrete example of that class.', "The detailed process of defining a class 'car' with properties like name, color, and price, and creating objects of this class with specific values is demonstrated, providing a practical understanding of object-oriented programming in C++.", "The chapter explains the concept of constructors and demonstrates how to use them to assign values to object properties on object creation, exemplifying the creation of a constructor for a class 'car' with parameters for name, color, and price, and the subsequent assignment of these parameters to the class variables.", "It illustrates the use of class methods to represent class behaviors and showcases the creation of a class method 'get info' to display the information of the car objects, emphasizing the direct accessibility of class properties within the class, thereby reducing code repetition.", 'The chapter provides an overview of encapsulation as one of the three important characteristics of OOP, highlighting its significance in OOP and setting the stage for further discussions on encapsulation.']}, {'end': 4631.238, 'segs': [{'end': 4214.164, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4185.631, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4191.154, 'text': 'Rule of encapsulation says that these properties of your class should not be public,', 'start': 4185.631, 'duration': 5.523}, {'end': 4196.956, 'text': 'meaning these should not be available for your user so that he can change them as he wants.', 'start': 4191.154, 'duration': 5.802}, {'end': 4205.158, 'text': 'But you should rather create some methods that your user can invoke and then, through those methods, obeying the rules of those methods,', 'start': 4197.356, 'duration': 7.802}, {'end': 4207.279, 'text': 'he can change this data.', 'start': 4205.158, 'duration': 2.121}, {'end': 4214.164, 'text': 'And now we are not obeying that rule of encapsulation because we have said that everything in our class is public.', 'start': 4207.939, 'duration': 6.225}], 'summary': 'Encapsulation rule not followed with all class properties being public.', 'duration': 28.533, 'max_score': 4185.631, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4185631.jpg'}, {'end': 4342.997, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4315.391, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4320.555, 'text': "so here I'm going to say is broken is equal to false, like this.", 'start': 4315.391, 'duration': 5.164}, {'end': 4326.503, 'text': 'Okay, now, how I want to allow my user to change this property.', 'start': 4321.314, 'duration': 5.189}, {'end': 4328.386, 'text': "I'm going to collapse this once more.", 'start': 4326.824, 'duration': 1.562}, {'end': 4333.896, 'text': "And in order to allow my user to change this property, I'm going to create two methods.", 'start': 4328.687, 'duration': 5.209}, {'end': 4339.093, 'text': 'And those two methods are going to be, for example, crash car and then repair car.', 'start': 4334.429, 'duration': 4.664}, {'end': 4342.997, 'text': 'And our crash car method should set this property to be true.', 'start': 4339.194, 'duration': 3.803}], 'summary': "Introducing methods to allow user to change 'broken' property, using 'crash car' and 'repair car' methods.", 'duration': 27.606, 'max_score': 4315.391, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4315391.jpg'}, {'end': 4593.69, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4565.7, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4571.068, 'text': 'As you can see, it says Ford is repaired now and then you can drive your Ford.', 'start': 4565.7, 'duration': 5.368}, {'end': 4573.011, 'text': 'So then Ford is driving.', 'start': 4571.108, 'duration': 1.903}, {'end': 4576.776, 'text': 'And that would be an example of encapsulation.', 'start': 4573.591, 'duration': 3.185}, {'end': 4581.122, 'text': 'So we have hidden all of these properties from our user.', 'start': 4576.836, 'duration': 4.286}, {'end': 4589.308, 'text': 'We have made these to be private and then we have exposed methods which are these three which our user can invoke.', 'start': 4581.202, 'duration': 8.106}, {'end': 4593.69, 'text': 'and then, in this method, for example, he can temper with this is broken property.', 'start': 4589.308, 'duration': 4.382}], 'summary': 'Encapsulation example with ford: private properties, exposed methods.', 'duration': 27.99, 'max_score': 4565.7, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4565700.jpg'}], 'start': 4185.631, 'title': 'Encapsulation in oop', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of encapsulation in object-oriented programming, emphasizing the importance of keeping class properties private and using methods to access and modify the data, ensuring better data integrity and security, along with an example of a car class demonstrating encapsulation through hiding properties and exposing methods for user interaction.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4274.31, 'start': 4185.631, 'title': 'Encapsulation in oop', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of encapsulation in object-oriented programming, emphasizing the importance of keeping class properties private and using methods to access and modify the data, ensuring better data integrity and security.', 'duration': 88.679, 'highlights': ['Encapsulation in OOP emphasizes keeping class properties private and using methods to access and modify the data, ensuring better data integrity and security.', 'The rule of encapsulation states that class properties should not be public, and methods should be created for users to invoke and modify the data.', 'By making class properties private, access to these properties outside of the class is restricted, ensuring better control over data manipulation.']}, {'end': 4631.238, 'start': 4274.35, 'title': 'Encapsulation example in car class', 'summary': "Explains encapsulation using a car class example, where private properties are hidden and methods are exposed for user interaction, with an example of crash and repair methods altering the 'isbroken' property.", 'duration': 356.888, 'highlights': ["The chapter explains encapsulation using a car class example, where private properties are hidden and methods are exposed for user interaction, with an example of crash and repair methods altering the 'isBroken' property.", "The 'isBroken' property is initially set to false in the constructor, and methods 'crashCar' and 'repairCar' are created to change this property, exemplifying encapsulation in action.", "An example of encapsulation is provided where private properties are hidden and public methods are exposed for user interaction, with the 'isBroken' property being altered through the 'crashCar' and 'repairCar' methods."]}], 'duration': 445.607, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4185631.jpg', 'highlights': ['Encapsulation in OOP emphasizes keeping class properties private and using methods for data access and modification.', 'The rule of encapsulation states that class properties should not be public, and methods should be created for users to invoke and modify the data.', 'By making class properties private, access to these properties outside of the class is restricted, ensuring better control over data manipulation.', 'The chapter explains encapsulation using a car class example, where private properties are hidden and methods are exposed for user interaction.', "The 'isBroken' property is initially set to false in the constructor, and methods 'crashCar' and 'repairCar' are created to change this property, exemplifying encapsulation in action.", 'An example of encapsulation is provided where private properties are hidden and public methods are exposed for user interaction.']}, {'end': 5676.747, 'segs': [{'end': 4656.59, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4631.238, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4637.655, 'text': 'okay, Another very important characteristic of OOP is inheritance.', 'start': 4631.238, 'duration': 6.417}, {'end': 4642.859, 'text': "So I'm going to explain how inheritance works in C++ on a simple example.", 'start': 4638.156, 'duration': 4.703}, {'end': 4649.364, 'text': 'So here we have this car class and this class has four properties.', 'start': 4643.4, 'duration': 5.964}, {'end': 4652.727, 'text': 'It has name, color, price, and then this is broken property.', 'start': 4649.445, 'duration': 3.282}, {'end': 4656.59, 'text': 'And we have defined as well, a couple of methods for our car.', 'start': 4653.228, 'duration': 3.362}], 'summary': 'Oop in c++ involves inheritance with a car class having four properties and methods.', 'duration': 25.352, 'max_score': 4631.238, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4631238.jpg'}, {'end': 4936.606, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4908.006, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4918.649, 'text': 'okay, now we have successfully created flying car and the principle of inheritance says that this derived class, this flying car,', 'start': 4908.006, 'duration': 10.643}, {'end': 4923.361, 'text': 'should be able to access methods from this class here.', 'start': 4918.649, 'duration': 4.712}, {'end': 4931.324, 'text': 'so it should be able to access public methods and protected methods and properties as well from its base class.', 'start': 4923.361, 'duration': 7.963}, {'end': 4936.606, 'text': 'so now, if i try to say flying car dot, as you can see,', 'start': 4931.324, 'duration': 5.282}], 'summary': 'Created flying car, able to access methods, properties from base class.', 'duration': 28.6, 'max_score': 4908.006, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4908006.jpg'}, {'end': 5016.067, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4989.698, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4996.86, 'text': 'Now a polymorphism describes the ability of an object to have multiple forms, to have many forms.', 'start': 4989.698, 'duration': 7.162}, {'end': 5005.824, 'text': 'Now in this particular situation, we have this car and then we have created a derived class of this car and we have called it flying car.', 'start': 4997.3, 'duration': 8.524}, {'end': 5010.265, 'text': "And let's create another class in order to demonstrate how polymorphism works.", 'start': 5006.364, 'duration': 3.901}, {'end': 5016.067, 'text': "So I'm going to create another derived class and i'm going to copy this flying car,", 'start': 5010.745, 'duration': 5.322}], 'summary': 'Polymorphism allows objects to have multiple forms. a flying car is a derived class of a car, and another class will be created to demonstrate polymorphism.', 'duration': 26.369, 'max_score': 4989.698, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4989698.jpg'}, {'end': 5572.009, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 5507.116, 'weight': 0.729, 'content': [{'end': 5514.304, 'text': "So I'm going to say repair car, and then here I want to repair my underwater car as well, using this notation here.", 'start': 5507.116, 'duration': 7.188}, {'end': 5524.276, 'text': "So I'm going to invoke these methods again just to see if they are going to move again after this and if I run it.", 'start': 5514.404, 'duration': 9.872}, {'end': 5535.452, 'text': 'you can see that these last three lines indicate that Ford is driving, Sky Fury is flying and then sea storm is diving,', 'start': 5525.563, 'duration': 9.889}, {'end': 5542.738, 'text': 'and before that we have successfully repaired our Sky Fury and then our sea storm as well, using this here.', 'start': 5535.452, 'duration': 7.286}, {'end': 5546.781, 'text': 'so that is something that you can do using polymorphism.', 'start': 5542.738, 'duration': 4.043}, {'end': 5556.745, 'text': 'so you can invoke this um repair car and then this crash car method for your flying car and your underwater car, which are derived classes.', 'start': 5546.781, 'duration': 9.964}, {'end': 5562.567, 'text': 'you can do that using this base class pointer.', 'start': 5556.745, 'duration': 5.822}, {'end': 5572.009, 'text': 'i hope that you enjoyed this video and if you did give it a big thumbs up and also subscribe to traversimedia and the code beauty channel as well,', 'start': 5562.567, 'duration': 9.442}], 'summary': 'Repairing flying and underwater cars using polymorphism, successfully repaired sky fury and sea storm.', 'duration': 64.893, 'max_score': 5507.116, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ5507116.jpg'}], 'start': 4631.238, 'title': 'Object-oriented programming concepts', 'summary': 'Covers inheritance and polymorphism in c++, demonstrating the use of public modifier, derived and base classes. it also explains how a derived class can exhibit different behaviors through polymorphism, showcasing the ability to use a base class pointer to invoke methods from derived classes.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4814.09, 'start': 4631.238, 'title': 'Oop inheritance in c++', 'summary': 'Explains how inheritance works in c++ through a simple example of creating a flying car class that inherits properties and methods from a base car class, showcasing the use of public modifier and the concept of derived and base classes.', 'duration': 182.852, 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of inheritance in OOP, particularly in C++, and demonstrates its use through a practical example of creating a flying car class that inherits properties and methods from a base car class.', 'It explains the use of the public modifier in C++ to ensure that whatever is public in the base class is also public in the derived class, showcasing the visibility of inherited members.', 'The example showcases the creation of a derived class, flying car, and the use of inheritance to inherit properties such as name, color, price, and methods like get info, crash, repair, and move from the base car class, illustrating the reusability and extensibility of code through inheritance.', 'The concept of base class and derived class is explained in the context of inheritance, highlighting the relationship between the original car class and the newly created flying car class.']}, {'end': 5274.073, 'start': 4814.09, 'title': 'Object-oriented programming concepts', 'summary': 'Covers the implementation of inheritance and polymorphism in object-oriented programming, demonstrating how a derived class can inherit methods and properties from a base class and exhibit different behaviors through polymorphism.', 'duration': 459.983, 'highlights': ['The chapter covers the implementation of inheritance and polymorphism in object-oriented programming. It discusses creating derived classes that inherit methods and properties from base classes, and demonstrates polymorphism in implementing different behaviors.', 'Demonstrates the successful creation of a flying car with inherited methods and properties from its base class. The process involves creating a constructor for the flying car, invoking the base class constructor to handle property instantiation, and making the constructor accessible by changing its access modifier to public.', 'Illustrates the concept of polymorphism through the creation of a derived class, underwater car, with different implementations of methods from the base class. The example includes creating a new derived class, implementing different behaviors for the move method in the derived classes, and invoking the move method to observe the unique behaviors exhibited by each object.']}, {'end': 5676.747, 'start': 5274.073, 'title': 'Pointers and polymorphism in programming', 'summary': 'Explains the concept of pointers and demonstrates polymorphism in programming, showcasing the ability to use a base class pointer to invoke methods from derived classes and manipulate objects, exemplifying with a flying car and an underwater car.', 'duration': 402.674, 'highlights': ['Pointers can only point to the same data type as the pointer itself, causing an error when attempting to change the type of the variable it points to, as demonstrated with an attempt to change an int pointer to a float pointer. Attempting to change the type of a variable pointed to by a pointer results in a type error, as shown when trying to change an int pointer to a float pointer.', 'Demonstrates polymorphism by using a pointer of the base class to point to objects of derived classes (flying car and underwater car) and invoke methods on them. Illustrates the use of a base class pointer to invoke methods on objects of derived classes, showcasing the ability to manipulate and interact with different derived class objects using a single pointer.', "Showcases the invocation of methods 'crash car' and 'repair car' on flying car and underwater car objects, affecting their properties and behavior. Demonstrates the invocation of 'crash car' and 'repair car' methods on flying car and underwater car objects, showcasing the ability to change the state and behavior of the objects."]}], 'duration': 1045.509, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/1v_4dL8l8pQ/pics/1v_4dL8l8pQ4631238.jpg', 'highlights': ['The chapter introduces the concept of inheritance in OOP, particularly in C++, and demonstrates its use through a practical example of creating a flying car class that inherits properties and methods from a base car class.', 'Demonstrates the successful creation of a flying car with inherited methods and properties from its base class. The process involves creating a constructor for the flying car, invoking the base class constructor to handle property instantiation, and making the constructor accessible by changing its access modifier to public.', 'Demonstrates polymorphism by using a pointer of the base class to point to objects of derived classes (flying car and underwater car) and invoke methods on them. Illustrates the use of a base class pointer to invoke methods on objects of derived classes, showcasing the ability to manipulate and interact with different derived class objects using a single pointer.']}], 'highlights': ['C++ is a general-purpose language with wide applications in browsers, games, operating systems, and embedded systems.', 'Efficiently manages CPU and memory, making it suitable for resource-intensive tasks and competitive programming.', 'Provides detailed instructions for downloading and setting up Visual Studio for C++ programming.', "The chapter introduces the use of 'using namespace std' to include the standard namespace, acknowledging its inclusion of unnecessary components and advocating for the selective inclusion of only necessary components for efficient programming.", 'The chapter covers the fundamental C++ data types including integer, floating point, character, boolean, string, and array, providing an overview of the basic data types in C++.', 'Demonstration of using switch case to check for different eye color values and outputting the percentage of people with brown, blue, green, gray, or other eye colors.', 'Functions in C++ are important for reusability and readability of code, and the chapter demonstrates examples of functions that return a value and functions that do not return a value.', 'A function is demonstrated that sums two numbers and returns the result, showcasing the usage of function declaration, definition, and invocation.', "The issue arises where the changes made within the function 'celebrate birthday' do not reflect on the original variable, resulting in the variable still holding the value of 25.", 'The chapter explains that C++ is an object-oriented language, allowing the representation of real-life objects with their properties and behaviors.', "The detailed process of defining a class 'car' with properties like name, color, and price, and creating objects of this class with specific values is demonstrated, providing a practical understanding of object-oriented programming in C++.", 'Encapsulation in OOP emphasizes keeping class properties private and using methods for data access and modification.', 'The chapter introduces the concept of inheritance in OOP, particularly in C++, and demonstrates its use through a practical example of creating a flying car class that inherits properties and methods from a base car class.', 'Demonstrates polymorphism by using a pointer of the base class to point to objects of derived classes (flying car and underwater car) and invoke methods on them.']}