title
COMPSCI 188 - 2018-08-23 - Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

description
COMPSCI 188, LEC 001 - Fall 2018 COMPSCI 188, LEC 001 - Pieter Abbeel, Daniel Klein Copyright @2018 UC Regents; all rights reserved "Slides (from 2018): https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs188/fa18 Latest website: https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs188 More resources: http://ai.berkeley.edu 00:00 Setup [no content] 03:10 Staff Introductions 05:17 Logistics [outdated] 14:58 Class Culture [outdated] 18:28 AI in Pop Culture 27:44 What is AI? 31:55 Rationality 34:01 What About the Brain? 36:35 Course Topics 37:45 A (Short) History of AI 44:35 Break [no content] 50:44 What Can AI Do? 56:28 Unintentionally Funny Stories 1:02:20 Natural Language 1:07:37 Vision, Robotics 1:14:06 Game Playing 1:18:06 AI Applications 1:19:41 Designing Rational Agents 1:22:44 End [no content]"

detail
{'title': 'COMPSCI 188 - 2018-08-23 - Introduction to Artificial Intelligence', 'heatmap': [{'end': 1938.535, 'start': 1882.757, 'weight': 0.709}, {'end': 4849.301, 'start': 4792.152, 'weight': 0.917}, {'end': 4957.768, 'start': 4892.214, 'weight': 1}], 'summary': "Covers the introduction to the cs188 course at berkeley, ai in science fiction, ai's evolution, computational rationality, challenges, ai's role in mathematical theorems, ai progress and limitations, advances in ai technologies, and robotics and ai evolution, providing insights into historical developments, ethical concerns, and future applications.", 'chapters': [{'end': 730.542, 'segs': [{'end': 235.383, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 192.148, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 192.709, 'text': 'Hi, everyone.', 'start': 192.148, 'duration': 0.561}, {'end': 199.355, 'text': 'Welcome to the first lecture of CS188, Artificial Intelligence.', 'start': 195.191, 'duration': 4.164}, {'end': 210.613, 'text': 'So we have two instructors for the class.', 'start': 208.672, 'duration': 1.941}, {'end': 212.194, 'text': 'I am Peter Abiel.', 'start': 211.053, 'duration': 1.141}, {'end': 213.734, 'text': "I'm a professor here at Berkeley.", 'start': 212.314, 'duration': 1.42}, {'end': 224.339, 'text': 'Aside from teaching, I do research in machine learning and robotics in my very non-extensive spare time.', 'start': 214.475, 'duration': 9.864}, {'end': 227.461, 'text': 'I also try to play some tennis or go running.', 'start': 225.02, 'duration': 2.441}, {'end': 232.303, 'text': "Hi, I'm Dan Klein, and I'm really loud.", 'start': 227.481, 'duration': 4.822}, {'end': 235.383, 'text': "I'm Dan Klein.", 'start': 234.622, 'duration': 0.761}], 'summary': 'Cs188 lecture introduces peter abiel and dan klein as instructors in ai at berkeley.', 'duration': 43.235, 'max_score': 192.148, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg192148.jpg'}, {'end': 466.308, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 372.736, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 380.88, 'text': "If you don't have accounts yet, it'll be important to make accounts so you can, for Piazza, participate in communication, and Gradescope, submit work.", 'start': 372.736, 'duration': 8.144}, {'end': 388.642, 'text': 'The course is also webcast, so if you miss a lecture or you want to rewatch this whole thing or something, you can do that online.', 'start': 382.02, 'duration': 6.622}, {'end': 395.984, 'text': "This is orchestrated by campus, so we don't control exactly when these things come online, but usually it comes online relatively soon after lecture.", 'start': 389.022, 'duration': 6.962}, {'end': 398.966, 'text': 'We also have some edited videos.', 'start': 397.745, 'duration': 1.221}, {'end': 411.011, 'text': 'So a couple of years ago we had some GSIs slice and dice lecture videos to cut out any quiet spots and make a lecture that normally is an hour and 20 minutes into an hour and two minutes.', 'start': 399.266, 'duration': 11.745}, {'end': 416.814, 'text': "And so we'll post those too in case you want to watch some of these things slightly faster.", 'start': 411.712, 'duration': 5.102}, {'end': 428.594, 'text': 'Okay, prereqs often has been listed as CS61A or CS61B and CS70 or MATH55.', 'start': 419.511, 'duration': 9.083}, {'end': 432.756, 'text': "If you can parse that, you're probably in good shape.", 'start': 428.834, 'duration': 3.922}, {'end': 440.26, 'text': 'What we actually recommend is much simpler to parse, 61A and 61B and 70.', 'start': 435.017, 'duration': 5.243}, {'end': 446.484, 'text': "There'll be a lot of math, mostly in the second half of the course, and a bunch of programming.", 'start': 440.26, 'duration': 6.224}, {'end': 449.185, 'text': 'But keep in mind, this is not a programming class.', 'start': 447.284, 'duration': 1.901}, {'end': 455.309, 'text': 'This is programming to put things into practice that you see in lecture rather than learning to program like you would do in the 61 series.', 'start': 449.605, 'duration': 5.704}, {'end': 459.197, 'text': 'Work and grading.', 'start': 458.496, 'duration': 0.701}, {'end': 461.461, 'text': 'There are five programming projects.', 'start': 460.098, 'duration': 1.363}, {'end': 462.302, 'text': "They're all in Python.", 'start': 461.561, 'duration': 0.741}, {'end': 466.308, 'text': 'You can either work in a group of just yourself or a group of two.', 'start': 463.263, 'duration': 3.045}], 'summary': 'This course includes webcasted lectures, edited videos, and five python programming projects to be completed individually or in groups of two.', 'duration': 93.572, 'max_score': 372.736, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg372736.jpg'}, {'end': 519.966, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 490.116, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 492.579, 'text': 'Each homework will have an electronic part and a written part.', 'start': 490.116, 'duration': 2.463}, {'end': 495.321, 'text': 'Electronic, you work online.', 'start': 494, 'duration': 1.321}, {'end': 496.382, 'text': "It's on Gradescope.", 'start': 495.562, 'duration': 0.82}, {'end': 500.066, 'text': 'You get to interactively solve these things.', 'start': 497.844, 'duration': 2.222}, {'end': 503.208, 'text': 'Gradescope will show you if you got it right or wrong.', 'start': 500.686, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 505.71, 'text': 'You can keep working on it till you get it right.', 'start': 503.689, 'duration': 2.021}, {'end': 507.212, 'text': 'You can work alone.', 'start': 506.171, 'duration': 1.041}, {'end': 512.616, 'text': 'You can work in discussion with others, but you have to submit your own work and your own understanding of that work.', 'start': 507.572, 'duration': 5.044}, {'end': 514.842, 'text': "There's a written component.", 'start': 513.66, 'duration': 1.182}, {'end': 516.643, 'text': 'This will be typically on paper.', 'start': 515.102, 'duration': 1.541}, {'end': 519.966, 'text': 'You can do it on a computer or print it out and do it on paper.', 'start': 517.284, 'duration': 2.682}], 'summary': 'Homework includes electronic and written components. interact online on gradescope. can work alone or in discussion with others. written component can be done on paper or computer.', 'duration': 29.85, 'max_score': 490.116, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg490116.jpg'}, {'end': 581.526, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 552.212, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 557.035, 'text': 'Written homework will be graded based on completion and effort.', 'start': 552.212, 'duration': 4.823}, {'end': 566.919, 'text': 'If you put in the effort and complete it and then also self-assess properly, you will get a full grade,', 'start': 558.215, 'duration': 8.704}, {'end': 570.481, 'text': 'independent of exactly how accurately you solved everything in the first pass.', 'start': 566.919, 'duration': 3.562}, {'end': 573.242, 'text': 'There will be two midterms, one final.', 'start': 571.681, 'duration': 1.561}, {'end': 575.422, 'text': "We're using a fixed scale.", 'start': 574.401, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 581.526, 'text': 'What this means is that in principle, you could all have an A or an A plus at the end of the semester.', 'start': 576.923, 'duration': 4.603}], 'summary': 'Homework graded on completion and effort. two midterms, one final. possible to achieve a or a+ at semester end.', 'duration': 29.314, 'max_score': 552.212, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg552212.jpg'}, {'end': 620.062, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 599.117, 'weight': 7, 'content': [{'end': 608.559, 'text': "So we love for you to participate on Piazza, help out in discussion, and if at grade decision time we see somebody that's close to the margin,", 'start': 599.117, 'duration': 9.442}, {'end': 609.379, 'text': "we'll go check and see.", 'start': 608.559, 'duration': 0.82}, {'end': 611.42, 'text': 'okay, did they help other students in the class?', 'start': 609.379, 'duration': 2.041}, {'end': 613.42, 'text': "And if so, maybe we'll bump them up just a little.", 'start': 611.5, 'duration': 1.92}, {'end': 618.141, 'text': 'Academic integrity policy.', 'start': 616.441, 'duration': 1.7}, {'end': 620.062, 'text': "Okay, hopefully we don't have to say much about this.", 'start': 618.361, 'duration': 1.701}], 'summary': 'Encouraging participation on piazza, with potential grade boost for helping others; emphasis on academic integrity.', 'duration': 20.945, 'max_score': 599.117, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg599117.jpg'}], 'start': 192.148, 'title': 'Cs188: intro to ai at berkeley', 'summary': 'Introduces the cs188 course at berkeley taught by peter abiel and dan klein, detailing logistical information such as the course website, communication platforms, and required technology. it also covers the course overview, including prerequisites, workload, assessment methods, and focus areas like programming projects, homework, exams, and participation.', 'chapters': [{'end': 411.011, 'start': 192.148, 'title': 'Cs188: intro to ai at berkeley', 'summary': 'Introduces the cs188 course with two instructors, peter abiel and dan klein, and outlines the logistical details such as the course website, communication platforms, and required technology for participation.', 'duration': 218.863, 'highlights': ['The course is introduced by two instructors, Peter Abiel and Dan Klein, who work on machine learning, robotics, and natural language processing at Berkeley.', 'The chapter emphasizes the importance of the course website, Piazza for communication, and Gradescope for submitting work, with specific instructions on creating accounts for these platforms.', 'The webcast of the course allows students to rewatch lectures and is orchestrated by the campus, with edited videos available for efficient viewing.']}, {'end': 730.542, 'start': 411.712, 'title': 'Cs course overview & expectations', 'summary': 'Provides an overview of the cs course, including prerequisites, workload, and assessment, with a focus on programming projects, homework, exams, and participation.', 'duration': 318.83, 'highlights': ['The course recommends prerequisites of CS61A, CS61B, and CS70, with a focus on a lot of math and programming. The course recommends CS61A, CS61B, and CS70 as prerequisites, emphasizing the importance of math and programming in the curriculum.', 'There are five programming projects in Python, allowing either individual or group work with a budget of five late days for the semester. The course includes five programming projects in Python, permitting individual or group work, with a total budget of five late days for the semester.', 'Eleven homework assignments feature electronic and written components, with a self-assessment deadline a week later, graded based on completion and effort. The course comprises eleven homework assignments with electronic and written components, along with a self-assessment deadline a week later, graded based on completion and effort.', 'Two midterms and one final exam will be conducted using a fixed scale, with participation potentially influencing final grades. The assessment includes two midterms and one final exam using a fixed scale, with participation potentially impacting final grades.', "Participation on Piazza and in discussions can influence final grades, and academic integrity is emphasized with a policy against representing others' work as one's own. Participation in discussions and on Piazza may influence final grades, while the course emphasizes academic integrity by prohibiting the representation of others' work as one's own."]}], 'duration': 538.394, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg192148.jpg', 'highlights': ['The course is introduced by two instructors, Peter Abiel and Dan Klein, who work on machine learning, robotics, and natural language processing at Berkeley.', 'The chapter emphasizes the importance of the course website, Piazza for communication, and Gradescope for submitting work, with specific instructions on creating accounts for these platforms.', 'The webcast of the course allows students to rewatch lectures and is orchestrated by the campus, with edited videos available for efficient viewing.', 'The course recommends prerequisites of CS61A, CS61B, and CS70, with a focus on a lot of math and programming.', 'The course includes five programming projects in Python, permitting individual or group work, with a total budget of five late days for the semester.', 'The course comprises eleven homework assignments with electronic and written components, along with a self-assessment deadline a week later, graded based on completion and effort.', 'The assessment includes two midterms and one final exam using a fixed scale, with participation potentially impacting final grades.', "Participation in discussions and on Piazza may influence final grades, while the course emphasizes academic integrity by prohibiting the representation of others' work as one's own."]}, {'end': 1085.134, 'segs': [{'end': 821.685, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 776.424, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 784.027, 'text': "So one thing that can happen with laptops in lecture is that the students behind you are kind of curious what's on your screen and it's distractive for them.", 'start': 776.424, 'duration': 7.603}, {'end': 790.59, 'text': 'And so, if you love using laptops in lecture, try to sit a little bit to the sides or to the back,', 'start': 784.468, 'duration': 6.122}, {'end': 793.991, 'text': "so you're not a cause of distraction for the other students around you.", 'start': 790.59, 'duration': 3.401}, {'end': 800.834, 'text': "It also turns out the laptop can distract the person using the laptop, but that's more up to you to decide what you want to do.", 'start': 794.712, 'duration': 6.122}, {'end': 805.056, 'text': "OK Let's recap the announcements for this week.", 'start': 802.875, 'duration': 2.181}, {'end': 809.996, 'text': 'You need to go check out the website, register on Gradescope and Piazza.', 'start': 806.613, 'duration': 3.383}, {'end': 811.897, 'text': 'Homework Zero is out.', 'start': 811.016, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 813.358, 'text': "It's a math self-diagnostic.", 'start': 811.957, 'duration': 1.401}, {'end': 821.685, 'text': "It's a way to check whether you're mathematically prepared for the second half of the course.", 'start': 814.539, 'duration': 7.146}], 'summary': 'Sit to the side or back in lecture when using laptops to avoid distraction. homework zero is a math self-diagnostic for course preparedness.', 'duration': 45.261, 'max_score': 776.424, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg776424.jpg'}, {'end': 945.808, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 918.226, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 922.229, 'text': 'Instruction for people to learn, and assessment to then measure what people learned.', 'start': 918.226, 'duration': 4.003}, {'end': 930.376, 'text': 'Instruction in our mind means you grow knowledge, you get to collaborate, even if you still have to, of course, submit your own work,', 'start': 923.35, 'duration': 7.026}, {'end': 932.297, 'text': "and you get to keep working until you're successful.", 'start': 930.376, 'duration': 1.921}, {'end': 936.761, 'text': "And so that's just iterating, iterating, iterating on things.", 'start': 933.438, 'duration': 3.323}, {'end': 939.183, 'text': 'Assessment is very different.', 'start': 937.702, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 945.808, 'text': "It's where you just get an opportunity to show what your current state of your mind is on this topic that we're teaching you,", 'start': 939.343, 'duration': 6.465}], 'summary': 'Instruction encourages collaboration and iterative learning, while assessment measures the current state of knowledge.', 'duration': 27.582, 'max_score': 918.226, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg918226.jpg'}], 'start': 730.623, 'title': 'Class announcements and course structure', 'summary': 'Covers class announcements such as textbook availability and laptop use, and outlines the course structure with collaborative learning and separate assessment components, supported by historical grade statistics.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1085.134, 'start': 730.623, 'title': 'Class announcements and course structure', 'summary': 'Covers important class announcements including the availability of textbooks, use of laptops in lecture, and various course logistics. it also outlines the course structure which emphasizes collaborative learning and separate assessment components, backed by historical statistics on grades distribution.', 'duration': 354.511, 'highlights': ['Homework Zero is a math self-diagnostic to check mathematical preparedness for the course. Homework Zero serves as a math self-diagnostic, enabling students to assess their mathematical preparedness for the course.', 'The course emphasizes collaborative learning and separate assessment components, with exams being the place for assessment. The course emphasizes collaborative learning with separate instruction and assessment components, where exams serve as the assessment platform.', 'The use of laptops in lecture is discouraged to prevent distraction for other students. The use of laptops in lecture is discouraged to avoid distractions for other students, and students are advised to sit to the sides or back if using laptops.']}], 'duration': 354.511, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg730623.jpg', 'highlights': ['Homework Zero serves as a math self-diagnostic, enabling students to assess their mathematical preparedness for the course.', 'The course emphasizes collaborative learning with separate instruction and assessment components, where exams serve as the assessment platform.', 'The use of laptops in lecture is discouraged to avoid distractions for other students, and students are advised to sit to the sides or back if using laptops.']}, {'end': 1631.308, 'segs': [{'end': 1148.769, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1118.952, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1119.672, 'text': 'What can AI do??', 'start': 1118.952, 'duration': 0.72}, {'end': 1120.633, 'text': 'What can AI not do?', 'start': 1119.752, 'duration': 0.881}, {'end': 1124.155, 'text': "What's the difference between what we think is possible and what actually is possible?", 'start': 1121.233, 'duration': 2.922}, {'end': 1126.256, 'text': "And then we're gonna talk about what is this course?", 'start': 1124.675, 'duration': 1.581}, {'end': 1129.137, 'text': "What have all of you gotten yourselves into before it's too late?", 'start': 1126.616, 'duration': 2.521}, {'end': 1138.602, 'text': 'So one good way to see what people are thinking and dreaming about technology and in particular artificial intelligence,', 'start': 1132.179, 'duration': 6.423}, {'end': 1140.884, 'text': 'is to look at things like science fiction.', 'start': 1138.602, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 1148.769, 'text': "And see, it's basically sort of a story of an interplan arc between hope and fear.", 'start': 1141.926, 'duration': 6.843}], 'summary': "Discussing ai's capabilities, limitations, and the impact of science fiction on perceptions.", 'duration': 29.817, 'max_score': 1118.952, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1118952.jpg'}, {'end': 1241.478, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1215.518, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1223.581, 'text': 'But fundamentally, this is the 70s, and when in the 70s we think about AI and what that kind of technology could mean for the future,', 'start': 1215.518, 'duration': 8.063}, {'end': 1224.861, 'text': "it's sort of optimistic, right?", 'start': 1223.581, 'duration': 1.28}, {'end': 1226.882, 'text': 'These are helpful droids, right?', 'start': 1224.881, 'duration': 2.001}, {'end': 1231.584, 'text': 'They help us do things, they take some work off our hands and they make our lives better.', 'start': 1226.922, 'duration': 4.662}, {'end': 1233.824, 'text': 'Sometimes they complain a lot.', 'start': 1232.784, 'duration': 1.04}, {'end': 1236.405, 'text': "But then let's fast forward a little bit.", 'start': 1235.025, 'duration': 1.38}, {'end': 1241.478, 'text': 'What was going on in the movies in the 80s? killer robots from the future.', 'start': 1236.845, 'duration': 4.633}], 'summary': 'In the 70s, ai was seen as optimistic and helpful, but in the 80s, it was portrayed as killer robots from the future.', 'duration': 25.96, 'max_score': 1215.518, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1215518.jpg'}, {'end': 1423.149, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1394.505, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1405.078, 'text': 'It was inconceivable 30 years ago that we would have a computer AI system that could beat humans at Jeopardy.', 'start': 1394.505, 'duration': 10.573}, {'end': 1408.522, 'text': 'It was maybe also inconceivable that we would try.', 'start': 1405.919, 'duration': 2.603}, {'end': 1412.507, 'text': 'This is probably the most complicated way to make $77, 000 using AI technology.', 'start': 1409.503, 'duration': 3.004}, {'end': 1423.149, 'text': "but it's actually sort of amazing and it's sort of emblematic of what you can do when you combine computation on top of data, data accessing,", 'start': 1415.984, 'duration': 7.165}], 'summary': '30 years ago, ai beat humans at jeopardy, earning $77,000, showcasing the power of computation and data.', 'duration': 28.644, 'max_score': 1394.505, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1394505.jpg'}, {'end': 1533.692, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1508.616, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1513.62, 'text': 'So for example, people are starting to look and say, all right, well, maybe we can totally change how we do healthcare.', 'start': 1508.616, 'duration': 5.004}, {'end': 1515.541, 'text': "But maybe there's issues with that.", 'start': 1514.52, 'duration': 1.021}, {'end': 1520.884, 'text': "Maybe there's some things we can do that we shouldn't or we should think through before we cross some of these technological lines.", 'start': 1515.621, 'duration': 5.263}, {'end': 1526.107, 'text': "Or maybe not just AI raises questions of things that we can do but maybe shouldn't.", 'start': 1521.664, 'duration': 4.443}, {'end': 1527.788, 'text': 'Maybe there are existential questions.', 'start': 1526.407, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 1533.692, 'text': 'So famously, Elon Musk is worried that the biggest risk we face as a civilization is actually artificial intelligence.', 'start': 1527.828, 'duration': 5.864}], 'summary': 'Exploring the ethical implications of ai in healthcare and existential concerns, as highlighted by elon musk.', 'duration': 25.076, 'max_score': 1508.616, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1508616.jpg'}], 'start': 1085.474, 'title': 'Ai in science fiction', 'summary': 'Discusses the evolution of ai in science fiction, covering optimistic portrayals in the 70s to recent complex and worrisome views. it also highlights ai achievements and ethical concerns, including perspectives from elon musk and stephen hawking.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1138.602, 'start': 1085.474, 'title': 'Understanding artificial intelligence: what you need to know', 'summary': 'Discusses the logistics and organization of the class, followed by an exploration of the capabilities and limitations of artificial intelligence, emphasizing the importance of understanding what the course entails. it also touches upon the societal perspectives on technology and artificial intelligence.', 'duration': 53.128, 'highlights': ['The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding the course and the material, promoting a thorough approach to learning.', 'It explores the capabilities and limitations of artificial intelligence, prompting critical thinking about what is possible and what is not.', 'The chapter briefly covers the societal perspectives on technology and artificial intelligence, providing insight into what people are thinking and dreaming about.', 'The chapter addresses the logistics and organization of the class, ensuring that everything is solved and discussed thoroughly.']}, {'end': 1631.308, 'start': 1138.602, 'title': 'Evolution of ai in science fiction', 'summary': 'Explores the evolution of ai in science fiction from the optimistic portrayal in the 70s to the complex and worrisome views in recent times, while highlighting ai achievements and ethical concerns, including concerns raised by elon musk and stephen hawking.', 'duration': 492.706, 'highlights': ['The portrayal of AI in science fiction has evolved from optimistic and helpful droids in the 70s to complex and worrisome views in recent times, reflecting the interplay between hope for technology making lives better and fears of potential dangers.', "AI achievements such as IBM's Watson beating humans at Jeopardy and advancements in playing complex games like Go demonstrate the capabilities of AI systems, along with the ongoing challenges and limitations in areas like autonomous driving.", 'The chapter also raises ethical concerns about the implications of AI advancements, including the potential to revolutionize healthcare, existential questions, and worries expressed by influential figures like Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking about the risks and consequences of advanced AI.', 'The discussion also touches on the humorous example of an AI-generated paint names experiment, highlighting the limitations of AI in certain creative and human-centric tasks.']}], 'duration': 545.834, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1085474.jpg', 'highlights': ['The portrayal of AI in science fiction has evolved from optimistic and helpful droids in the 70s to complex and worrisome views in recent times, reflecting the interplay between hope for technology making lives better and fears of potential dangers.', "AI achievements such as IBM's Watson beating humans at Jeopardy and advancements in playing complex games like Go demonstrate the capabilities of AI systems, along with the ongoing challenges and limitations in areas like autonomous driving.", 'The chapter also raises ethical concerns about the implications of AI advancements, including the potential to revolutionize healthcare, existential questions, and worries expressed by influential figures like Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking about the risks and consequences of advanced AI.', 'It explores the capabilities and limitations of artificial intelligence, prompting critical thinking about what is possible and what is not.']}, {'end': 2039.154, 'segs': [{'end': 1660.339, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1633.82, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 1638.243, 'text': "So really, there's a huge range of things, things we can't really even do.", 'start': 1633.82, 'duration': 4.423}, {'end': 1641.265, 'text': "We don't know how to do them or we don't have the sort of data necessary to do them,", 'start': 1638.323, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 1648.11, 'text': 'or the methods to things that we can do amazingly well that have real impact on our society today and are gonna have increasing impact.', 'start': 1641.265, 'duration': 6.845}, {'end': 1651.092, 'text': "And one of the things we're gonna try to do in this course is sort of tease these things apart.", 'start': 1648.33, 'duration': 2.762}, {'end': 1654.055, 'text': "What's the difference between what we can do, what we can't do?", 'start': 1651.393, 'duration': 2.662}, {'end': 1660.339, 'text': 'What are the big ideas that are gonna keep recurring as we go through, generation after generation of solving things, hitting walls,', 'start': 1654.335, 'duration': 6.004}], 'summary': "Exploring the range of what we can and can't do, with a focus on impactful advancements.", 'duration': 26.519, 'max_score': 1633.82, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1633820.jpg'}, {'end': 1724.171, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1699.472, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 1707.604, 'text': "both to understand the history of how we've gotten here and also all the different fields that orbit each other sort of in the AI sphere and how they relate to each other.", 'start': 1699.472, 'duration': 8.132}, {'end': 1713.263, 'text': "So the oldest answer of what is AI is it's the science of making machines that think rationally.", 'start': 1708.919, 'duration': 4.344}, {'end': 1715.785, 'text': "For now, let's take that to mean think correctly.", 'start': 1713.503, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 1717.766, 'text': 'And this is the logicist tradition.', 'start': 1716.285, 'duration': 1.481}, {'end': 1724.171, 'text': 'This goes back to Plato and Aristotle and things like modus ponens, figuring out what are the rules that govern correct thought.', 'start': 1717.786, 'duration': 6.385}], 'summary': 'Ai encompasses the history of rational thinking and logicist tradition.', 'duration': 24.699, 'max_score': 1699.472, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1699472.jpg'}, {'end': 1835.959, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1811.698, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 1818.064, 'text': 'So people decided that maybe we should be building systems not based on how they think, but how they act.', 'start': 1811.698, 'duration': 6.366}, {'end': 1824.049, 'text': 'This is actually a very important change from thought processes to underlying to the resulting actions.', 'start': 1818.264, 'duration': 5.785}, {'end': 1826.331, 'text': "And who's heard of the Turing test?", 'start': 1824.549, 'duration': 1.782}, {'end': 1830.454, 'text': 'Very famous initial AI idea from Alan Turing,', 'start': 1826.991, 'duration': 3.463}, {'end': 1835.959, 'text': 'which says one way to tell intelligence is to put a computer in one room and a human in another room and have a human.', 'start': 1830.454, 'duration': 5.505}], 'summary': 'Shift from thought processes to actions in building systems, highlighted by the turing test.', 'duration': 24.261, 'max_score': 1811.698, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1811698.jpg'}, {'end': 1914.18, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1882.757, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 1889.441, 'text': 'so, as you can probably guess, the fourth square is where we will end up in this course, and the modern approach to ai, broadly speaking,', 'start': 1882.757, 'duration': 6.684}, {'end': 1892.123, 'text': 'has been to build systems that act rationally.', 'start': 1889.921, 'duration': 2.202}, {'end': 1897.287, 'text': 'That means we focus on the decisions systems make, and rationally here, think means optimally.', 'start': 1892.243, 'duration': 5.044}, {'end': 1903.452, 'text': 'We build systems that act optimally and that brought in from initially a logical logic tradition.', 'start': 1897.647, 'duration': 5.805}, {'end': 1914.18, 'text': 'this brought in a whole history of optimization theory and let us tap into a whole bunch of new kinds of statistics and optimization and data that have really been important in making progress in AI.', 'start': 1903.452, 'duration': 10.728}], 'summary': 'Modern ai focuses on building systems that act rationally, optimizing decisions and leveraging statistics and data for progress.', 'duration': 31.423, 'max_score': 1882.757, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1882757.jpg'}, {'end': 1938.535, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 1882.757, 'weight': 0.709, 'content': [{'end': 1889.441, 'text': 'so, as you can probably guess, the fourth square is where we will end up in this course, and the modern approach to ai, broadly speaking,', 'start': 1882.757, 'duration': 6.684}, {'end': 1892.123, 'text': 'has been to build systems that act rationally.', 'start': 1889.921, 'duration': 2.202}, {'end': 1897.287, 'text': 'That means we focus on the decisions systems make, and rationally here, think means optimally.', 'start': 1892.243, 'duration': 5.044}, {'end': 1903.452, 'text': 'We build systems that act optimally and that brought in from initially a logical logic tradition.', 'start': 1897.647, 'duration': 5.805}, {'end': 1914.18, 'text': 'this brought in a whole history of optimization theory and let us tap into a whole bunch of new kinds of statistics and optimization and data that have really been important in making progress in AI.', 'start': 1903.452, 'duration': 10.728}, {'end': 1918.576, 'text': 'You saw the word rational here a couple times.', 'start': 1916.994, 'duration': 1.582}, {'end': 1920.357, 'text': 'Rational means something informally.', 'start': 1918.896, 'duration': 1.461}, {'end': 1925.102, 'text': 'Informally, when we talk about rationality, we mean maybe something about unemotional.', 'start': 1920.638, 'duration': 4.464}, {'end': 1928.886, 'text': 'But when we talk about rational in this course, we mean something very specific and technical.', 'start': 1925.562, 'duration': 3.324}, {'end': 1932.609, 'text': "We mean it's a system that maximally achieves some predefined goals.", 'start': 1929.306, 'duration': 3.303}, {'end': 1933.77, 'text': "It's not about what those goals are.", 'start': 1932.689, 'duration': 1.081}, {'end': 1937.414, 'text': "You can have a robot that's designed to clean up dirt as well as possible.", 'start': 1934.912, 'duration': 2.502}, {'end': 1938.535, 'text': 'You might call it a vacuum cleaner.', 'start': 1937.514, 'duration': 1.021}], 'summary': 'The modern approach to ai is building systems that act rationally, focusing on optimal decisions and tapping into a history of optimization theory and statistics for progress.', 'duration': 55.778, 'max_score': 1882.757, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1882757.jpg'}, {'end': 2009.849, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 1978.6, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 1983.623, 'text': 'But being rational, in a nutshell, is maximizing your expected utility.', 'start': 1978.6, 'duration': 5.023}, {'end': 1986.586, 'text': 'So this is an introduction to artificial intelligence.', 'start': 1984.444, 'duration': 2.142}, {'end': 1990.889, 'text': 'It would probably be better if we titled this course Computational Rationality.', 'start': 1987.466, 'duration': 3.423}, {'end': 1993.211, 'text': "That's more like what we're going to talk about.", 'start': 1991.709, 'duration': 1.502}, {'end': 1997.454, 'text': "But probably half of you wouldn't be here today, so we keep the title.", 'start': 1994.311, 'duration': 3.143}, {'end': 2009.849, 'text': "So if you take one thing from this course, if you're going to get a CS188 tattoo, which I am not endorsing, it would be something like this.", 'start': 2000.256, 'duration': 9.593}], 'summary': 'Introduction to artificial intelligence and computational rationality in cs188 course.', 'duration': 31.249, 'max_score': 1978.6, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1978600.jpg'}], 'start': 1633.82, 'title': "Ai's evolution and computational rationality", 'summary': 'Covers the historical development of ai, exploring challenges in tasks requiring human intelligence and the shift towards focusing on actions. it also introduces computational rationality, emphasizing maximizing expected utility and the role of optimization theory and statistics.', 'chapters': [{'end': 1882.757, 'start': 1633.82, 'title': 'Understanding ai and its historical development', 'summary': 'Discusses the evolution of ai, including the challenges in differentiating tasks that require human intelligence, the historical definitions of ai, such as rational thinking and human-like cognition, and the shift towards focusing on actions rather than thought processes.', 'duration': 248.937, 'highlights': ["The chapter discusses the challenges in differentiating tasks that require human intelligence from those that can be technologized and solved, impacting society. The speaker mentions that there are things that we can do amazingly well that have real impact on society today and are going to have increasing impact, while there are also things that we can't do or don't know how to do.", 'The historical definitions of AI are explored, including the science of making machines think rationally and building machines that think like people. The oldest approach to AI is defined as the science of making machines that think rationally, while another approach focuses on building machines that think like people, which is more connected to cognitive science.', 'The shift from focusing on thought processes to focusing on resulting actions is highlighted, along with the significance of the Turing test in evaluating intelligence. The discussion emphasizes the shift from thinking in a correct way to considering how systems act, and introduces the Turing test as a way to assess intelligence by evaluating functional equivalence between a computer and a human.']}, {'end': 2039.154, 'start': 1882.757, 'title': 'Introduction to computational rationality', 'summary': 'Introduces the concept of rationality in artificial intelligence, emphasizing the importance of maximizing expected utility and the role of optimization theory and statistics in ai development.', 'duration': 156.397, 'highlights': ['Rationality in AI is about maximizing expected utility, which involves making decisions that optimally achieve predefined goals, regardless of the specific nature of those goals.', 'The modern approach to AI involves building systems that act rationally by focusing on decision-making and tapping into optimization theory, statistics, and data for progress.', 'The course emphasizes unpacking the concepts of maximizing expected utility, understanding the algorithms for finding optimal solutions, defining utility, and incorporating uncertainty into decision-making.']}], 'duration': 405.334, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg1633820.jpg', 'highlights': ['The shift from focusing on thought processes to focusing on resulting actions is highlighted, along with the significance of the Turing test in evaluating intelligence.', 'The historical definitions of AI are explored, including the science of making machines think rationally and building machines that think like people.', 'Rationality in AI is about maximizing expected utility, which involves making decisions that optimally achieve predefined goals, regardless of the specific nature of those goals.', 'The modern approach to AI involves building systems that act rationally by focusing on decision-making and tapping into optimization theory, statistics, and data for progress.', 'The chapter discusses the challenges in differentiating tasks that require human intelligence from those that can be technologized and solved, impacting society.']}, {'end': 3195.756, 'segs': [{'end': 2097.474, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2069.036, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 2071.277, 'text': 'And you can get distracted by their limitations.', 'start': 2069.036, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 2075.581, 'text': "But really the main issue is that brains aren't modular like software.", 'start': 2072.478, 'duration': 3.103}, {'end': 2081.485, 'text': "We can't pull bits out and look at them and see what they do and put them back in and replicate them and follow that kind of modularity.", 'start': 2075.802, 'duration': 5.683}, {'end': 2087.268, 'text': "To the extent that brains are modular, it doesn't look like software modularity, not in a way that we've been able to exploit.", 'start': 2081.525, 'duration': 5.743}, {'end': 2092.63, 'text': "There's a famous saying that brains are into intelligence as wings are to flight.", 'start': 2088.369, 'duration': 4.261}, {'end': 2097.474, 'text': 'People spend a long time trying to get mechanical flight to work.', 'start': 2092.931, 'duration': 4.543}], 'summary': 'Brains are not modular like software, hindering attempts to exploit their modularity for replication and understanding.', 'duration': 28.438, 'max_score': 2069.036, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg2069036.jpg'}, {'end': 2155.047, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2126.456, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 2132.361, 'text': "One of the main ones is that there's really two components to making good decisions.", 'start': 2126.456, 'duration': 5.905}, {'end': 2135.303, 'text': "Remember, that's what AI is gonna be about, making good decisions in a context.", 'start': 2132.401, 'duration': 2.902}, {'end': 2138.506, 'text': 'One is memory, data.', 'start': 2136.544, 'duration': 1.962}, {'end': 2143.55, 'text': 'You can make a good decision because you remember your experiences in the past,', 'start': 2139.286, 'duration': 4.264}, {'end': 2149.315, 'text': "or an advantage humans have is remembering reading about other people's experiences, so you don't actually have to make all the mistakes yourself.", 'start': 2143.55, 'duration': 5.765}, {'end': 2155.047, 'text': "So for example, one reason I might not touch that fire is I've done that before and it didn't go well.", 'start': 2150.319, 'duration': 4.728}], 'summary': 'Good decision-making involves memory and data, leveraging past experiences to avoid mistakes.', 'duration': 28.591, 'max_score': 2126.456, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg2126456.jpg'}, {'end': 2239.809, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2215.178, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 2221.962, 'text': 'And this is gonna be about algorithms that through computation, take a situation, and figure out something smart to do.', 'start': 2215.178, 'duration': 6.784}, {'end': 2225.523, 'text': 'So the smart behavior comes from algorithms, from computation.', 'start': 2222.042, 'duration': 3.481}, {'end': 2232.685, 'text': 'The second part of the course is going to be about making good decisions and having intelligence on the basis of data and statistics.', 'start': 2226.123, 'duration': 6.562}, {'end': 2234.426, 'text': 'And this is where machine learning comes in.', 'start': 2232.925, 'duration': 1.501}, {'end': 2236.167, 'text': 'Here are all your experiences.', 'start': 2235.006, 'duration': 1.161}, {'end': 2237.167, 'text': "Here's a new situation.", 'start': 2236.227, 'duration': 0.94}, {'end': 2239.809, 'text': "How should you act on the basis of what you've seen previously?", 'start': 2237.407, 'duration': 2.402}], 'summary': 'Algorithms drive smart decisions and intelligence through computation and data analysis.', 'duration': 24.631, 'max_score': 2215.178, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg2215178.jpg'}, {'end': 2278.507, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2251.695, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 2255.077, 'text': 'Think about things like natural language and vision, and robotics and games.', 'start': 2251.695, 'duration': 3.382}, {'end': 2264.182, 'text': "So I think Peter's going to come and tell you a little bit about what's happened story so far in AI.", 'start': 2257.078, 'duration': 7.104}, {'end': 2272.264, 'text': "So let's take a step back and think about the first time some people really started working on AI.", 'start': 2266.701, 'duration': 5.563}, {'end': 2274.325, 'text': 'And this is actually back in the 50s.', 'start': 2272.544, 'duration': 1.781}, {'end': 2278.507, 'text': "And the reason it started then is because that's when people started building computers.", 'start': 2275.165, 'duration': 3.342}], 'summary': 'Ai development began in the 1950s with the rise of computers.', 'duration': 26.812, 'max_score': 2251.695, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg2251695.jpg'}, {'end': 2583.386, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2537.272, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 2544.155, 'text': 'Early AI programs played checkers, do some theory improving, could do reasoning about geometry.', 'start': 2537.272, 'duration': 6.883}, {'end': 2550.997, 'text': 'The name artificial intelligence was coined in 1956.', 'start': 2545.155, 'duration': 5.842}, {'end': 2555.098, 'text': 'And then in 1965, a complete algorithm came about for logical reasoning.', 'start': 2550.997, 'duration': 4.101}, {'end': 2562.401, 'text': 'So a lot of excitement, a lot of progress was being made, and people thought it was going to move very fast.', 'start': 2555.839, 'duration': 6.562}, {'end': 2568.112, 'text': "Just like you saw in this video, they said, oh, maybe in five years we'll have machine translation solved.", 'start': 2563.308, 'duration': 4.804}, {'end': 2572.136, 'text': "We're 55 years later, and we're maybe starting to get there.", 'start': 2568.613, 'duration': 3.523}, {'end': 2574.618, 'text': 'So very optimistic views.', 'start': 2573.237, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 2578.762, 'text': 'From there, transition to knowledge-based approaches.', 'start': 2576.339, 'duration': 2.423}, {'end': 2583.386, 'text': 'So people thought, okay, we have these engines that can do logical theory, improving reasoning, and so forth.', 'start': 2579.142, 'duration': 4.244}], 'summary': 'Early ai made rapid progress, but machine translation took 55 years to develop.', 'duration': 46.114, 'max_score': 2537.272, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg2537272.jpg'}, {'end': 2682.884, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 2627.718, 'weight': 6, 'content': [{'end': 2632.962, 'text': 'where there was a lot of combining of new statistical ideas with subfield expertise,', 'start': 2627.718, 'duration': 5.244}, {'end': 2638.185, 'text': 'leading to the ability to reason about uncertainty and maybe an AI spring.', 'start': 2632.962, 'duration': 5.223}, {'end': 2645.308, 'text': 'And then 2012 onwards, deep learning started to come on the scene quite a lot.', 'start': 2639.366, 'duration': 5.942}, {'end': 2652.57, 'text': 'And people got just as excited again, it seems, as they were back in the 50s and 70s.', 'start': 2646.008, 'duration': 6.562}, {'end': 2656.191, 'text': "And I guess we'll see if the cycle after repeats or not.", 'start': 2653.15, 'duration': 3.041}, {'end': 2660.973, 'text': 'But one fundamental difference right now is that AI is used in many, many industries.', 'start': 2656.591, 'duration': 4.382}, {'end': 2671.358, 'text': "And we'll give you some examples in the remainder of this lecture of many application domains where AI is already useful and can be expected to be even more useful in the foreseeable future.", 'start': 2661.033, 'duration': 10.325}, {'end': 2682.884, 'text': "OK, so every lecture, about halfway through, we're going to take a two-minute break, which is going to happen right now.", 'start': 2676.561, 'duration': 6.323}], 'summary': 'Ai advancements led to widespread industry applications and potential for further growth.', 'duration': 55.166, 'max_score': 2627.718, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg2627718.jpg'}], 'start': 2042.435, 'title': 'Challenges and evolution of ai', 'summary': "Discusses challenges in reverse engineering the brain for ai, emphasizing the brain's non-modular structure and the components of making good decisions. it also reflects on the historical evolution of ai from the 50s and 60s, highlighting early developments, applications, and the resurgence in the 90s through statistical approaches, and the emergence of deep learning from 2012 onwards.", 'chapters': [{'end': 2251.395, 'start': 2042.435, 'title': 'Challenges in ai and the brain', 'summary': "Discusses the challenges in reverse engineering the brain for ai, highlighting the brain's non-modular structure and the two components of making good decisions: memory and simulation. it also outlines the course structure, emphasizing the emergence of smart behavior from computation and making good decisions based on data and statistics.", 'duration': 208.96, 'highlights': ["The brain's non-modular structure poses a challenge for reverse engineering for AI, as it lacks the modularity of software, hindering the ability to pull out and replicate parts. Brains are not modular like software, making it difficult to analyze and replicate their components, which hinders reverse engineering for AI.", 'Two components of making good decisions are memory and simulation, emphasizing the role of experiences and data in decision-making processes. Memory and simulation are crucial in making good decisions, as humans can draw from past experiences or simulate potential outcomes based on data and models.', 'The course structure focuses on the emergence of smart behavior from computation and making good decisions based on data and statistics, with a plan to interleave these concepts as the course progresses. The course emphasizes the emergence of smart behavior from computation and making good decisions based on data and statistics, with the intention to integrate these concepts as the course advances.']}, {'end': 2511.222, 'start': 2251.695, 'title': 'Evolution of ai: 50s and 60s', 'summary': 'Reflects on the early developments in ai from the 50s and 60s, highlighting the shift from viewing computers as mere calculators to the emergence of artificial intelligence, including the early applications of ai in games, language translation, and the expectations and limitations surrounding ai capabilities.', 'duration': 259.527, 'highlights': ['The emergence of AI in the 50s and 60s, transitioning from computers being perceived as calculators to being seen as capable of intelligent tasks like playing games and language translation.', 'The early applications of AI in language translation with claims of replacing human translators, anticipating the capacity to translate about one to two million words an hour with commercial computers within five years.', 'The skepticism and expectations surrounding AI capabilities at that time, including doubts about machines truly thinking and limitations regarding translating poetry and novels.']}, {'end': 3195.756, 'start': 2511.222, 'title': 'Evolution of ai', 'summary': 'Provides a historical overview of the development of ai, from early excitement and progress in the 50s and 60s to the ai winter, resurgence in the 90s through statistical approaches, and the excitement surrounding deep learning from 2012 onwards, highlighting the current widespread use of ai in various industries.', 'duration': 684.534, 'highlights': ['AI was coined in 1956, and a complete algorithm for logical reasoning came about in 1965, leading to a lot of excitement and progress. Significant milestones in AI development, demonstrating early progress and excitement.', 'Resurgence through statistical approaches in the 90s and the subsequent excitement around deep learning from 2012 onwards, indicating a potential cyclical nature of AI development. Highlighting the historical pattern of excitement and progress followed by periods of decline and resurgence in AI development.', 'AI is currently used in many industries, with potential for even more extensive applications in the future. Emphasizing the widespread and increasing utilization of AI across various industries.']}], 'duration': 1153.321, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg2042435.jpg', 'highlights': ["The brain's non-modular structure hinders reverse engineering for AI, as it lacks the modularity of software.", 'Two components of making good decisions are memory and simulation, crucial in decision-making processes.', 'The course emphasizes the emergence of smart behavior from computation and making good decisions based on data and statistics.', 'AI emerged in the 50s and 60s, transitioning from computers being perceived as calculators to capable of intelligent tasks.', 'Early applications of AI in language translation anticipated the capacity to translate about one to two million words an hour within five years.', 'Significant milestones in AI development, demonstrating early progress and excitement.', 'Resurgence through statistical approaches in the 90s and the subsequent excitement around deep learning from 2012 onwards.', 'AI is currently used in many industries, with potential for even more extensive applications in the future.']}, {'end': 3670.971, 'segs': [{'end': 3283.829, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3198.738, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3211.394, 'text': 'How about discovering and proving a new mathematical theorem? Okay, so a small number of people think this might be possible.', 'start': 3198.738, 'duration': 12.656}, {'end': 3212.796, 'text': "We're giving it a question mark.", 'start': 3211.414, 'duration': 1.382}, {'end': 3218.221, 'text': "AI's becoming pretty decent at proving things.", 'start': 3213.957, 'duration': 4.264}, {'end': 3224.748, 'text': 'If you give it a statement, it might figure out how to start from some actions to get to whether that statement is true or not.', 'start': 3218.562, 'duration': 6.186}, {'end': 3231.113, 'text': 'But the big question then still is, what should it try to prove? So many things to prove.', 'start': 3225.829, 'duration': 5.284}, {'end': 3231.974, 'text': '5 plus 7 is 12.', 'start': 3231.133, 'duration': 0.841}, {'end': 3233.835, 'text': '5 plus 8 is 13.', 'start': 3231.974, 'duration': 1.861}, {'end': 3234.735, 'text': 'So many, so many things.', 'start': 3233.835, 'duration': 0.9}, {'end': 3240.598, 'text': 'And so when is it going to really decide what is worth proving and building abstractions around is a whole other question.', 'start': 3234.835, 'duration': 5.763}, {'end': 3251.383, 'text': 'How about converse successfully with another person for an hour? Can we do this? Okay.', 'start': 3242.319, 'duration': 9.064}, {'end': 3254.905, 'text': 'I would say it depends greatly on the person.', 'start': 3251.963, 'duration': 2.942}, {'end': 3258.94, 'text': 'but not in general.', 'start': 3258.1, 'duration': 0.84}, {'end': 3263.082, 'text': "So there's a whole history of computers basically bluffing.", 'start': 3259.1, 'duration': 3.982}, {'end': 3265.963, 'text': 'And chatbots, for a while, can bluff.', 'start': 3263.502, 'duration': 2.461}, {'end': 3271.745, 'text': "And sooner or later, you figure out that you're either talking to a computer or this conversation is deeply weird in some other way.", 'start': 3266.163, 'duration': 5.582}, {'end': 3281.509, 'text': 'How about performing a surgical operation? OK.', 'start': 3275.546, 'duration': 5.963}, {'end': 3283.829, 'text': 'So keep your hands up if you say yes.', 'start': 3282.109, 'duration': 1.72}], 'summary': "Ai's potential in proving theorems and conversing, but challenges remain in decision-making and practical tasks like surgery.", 'duration': 85.091, 'max_score': 3198.738, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3198738.jpg'}, {'end': 3346.923, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3311.354, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3318.456, 'text': 'The surgeries that do happen with a robot tend to happen through a human operator still teleoperating the robot to get the surgery done.', 'start': 3311.354, 'duration': 7.102}, {'end': 3324.218, 'text': 'What about translate spoken Chinese into spoken English in real time?', 'start': 3320.717, 'duration': 3.501}, {'end': 3335.241, 'text': 'Yep, all the pieces of this actually work pretty well, at least under sort of limited context and circumstances.', 'start': 3327.839, 'duration': 7.402}, {'end': 3346.923, 'text': 'How about folding laundry and putting away the dishes? Okay, yeah.', 'start': 3338.22, 'duration': 8.703}], 'summary': 'Robotic surgeries performed with human operator; chinese-english real-time translation works well under limited context.', 'duration': 35.569, 'max_score': 3311.354, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3311354.jpg'}, {'end': 3626.76, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3601.383, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 3606.366, 'text': "So there's all these levels of things going on and all these different kinds of abstractions you have to get right.", 'start': 3601.383, 'duration': 4.983}, {'end': 3611.189, 'text': 'And any one of those things having a missing link, and you get unintentionally funny stories.', 'start': 3606.666, 'duration': 4.523}, {'end': 3615.393, 'text': "Now, you might think that we've had a lot of progress now.", 'start': 3611.989, 'duration': 3.404}, {'end': 3616.454, 'text': 'We have data-driven methods.', 'start': 3615.453, 'duration': 1.001}, {'end': 3617.275, 'text': 'We have more compute.', 'start': 3616.494, 'duration': 0.781}, {'end': 3618.095, 'text': 'We have big computers.', 'start': 3617.295, 'duration': 0.8}, {'end': 3618.816, 'text': 'We have neural nets.', 'start': 3618.115, 'duration': 0.701}, {'end': 3622.02, 'text': 'Maybe we can write intentionally funny things.', 'start': 3619.857, 'duration': 2.163}, {'end': 3623.837, 'text': 'Not yet.', 'start': 3623.456, 'duration': 0.381}, {'end': 3626.76, 'text': 'So here, I think this is a hysterical example.', 'start': 3624.037, 'duration': 2.723}], 'summary': 'Despite advancements in data-driven methods and computing power, creating intentionally funny content remains a challenge.', 'duration': 25.377, 'max_score': 3601.383, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3601383.jpg'}], 'start': 3198.738, 'title': "Ai's role in mathematical theorems and ai progress and limitations", 'summary': 'Discusses the potential of ai in proving mathematical theorems, while addressing the challenge of determining what is worth proving. it also highlights the current state of artificial intelligence, including advancements in surgical robotics and real-time translation, as well as the challenges in creating intentionally funny stories using ai.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3251.383, 'start': 3198.738, 'title': "Ai's role in mathematical theorems", 'summary': 'Discusses the potential of ai in proving mathematical theorems and highlights the challenge of determining what is worth proving and building abstractions around.', 'duration': 52.645, 'highlights': ["AI's capability in proving mathematical theorems is being acknowledged by a small number of people.", 'The challenge lies in determining what is worth proving and building abstractions around, amidst a multitude of potential proofs.', "AI's ability to converse successfully with another person for an hour is questioned."]}, {'end': 3670.971, 'start': 3251.963, 'title': 'Ai progress and limitations', 'summary': 'Discusses the current state of artificial intelligence, highlighting the capabilities and limitations, such as the advancements in surgical robotics and real-time translation, alongside the challenges in creating intentionally funny stories using ai.', 'duration': 419.008, 'highlights': ['Surgical robotics research is progressing, but human operators still teleoperate the robot for surgeries. The transcript highlights the progress in surgical robotics research, with human operators still teleoperating the robot for surgeries, indicating the current reliance on human intervention in this field.', 'Real-time translation from spoken Chinese to English works well in limited contexts and circumstances. The transcript mentions the successful real-time translation from spoken Chinese to English in limited contexts and circumstances, indicating the current capabilities and limitations of this technology.', 'Challenges in creating intentionally funny stories using AI despite advancements in data-driven methods and neural nets. The chapter discusses the challenges in creating intentionally funny stories using AI, despite advancements in data-driven methods and neural nets, highlighting the current limitations of AI in this creative aspect.']}], 'duration': 472.233, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3198738.jpg', 'highlights': ["AI's capability in proving mathematical theorems is being acknowledged by a small number of people.", 'The challenge lies in determining what is worth proving and building abstractions around, amidst a multitude of potential proofs.', "AI's ability to converse successfully with another person for an hour is questioned.", 'Surgical robotics research is progressing, but human operators still teleoperate the robot for surgeries.', 'Real-time translation from spoken Chinese to English works well in limited contexts and circumstances.', 'Challenges in creating intentionally funny stories using AI despite advancements in data-driven methods and neural nets.']}, {'end': 4344.825, 'segs': [{'end': 3699.7, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3671.732, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 3678.257, 'text': "And in fact, one of the things that we've learned as a field sometimes is sometimes the right thing to do is know your limitations.", 'start': 3671.732, 'duration': 6.525}, {'end': 3686.323, 'text': "So, you know, at least at times if you've asked Siri, for example, to tell me a story, maybe it's better to not try.", 'start': 3678.537, 'duration': 7.786}, {'end': 3692.154, 'text': "So There are a bunch of areas of AI where we're making incredible progress.", 'start': 3686.343, 'duration': 5.811}, {'end': 3693.916, 'text': "And there's a bunch of areas where we're not.", 'start': 3692.414, 'duration': 1.502}, {'end': 3699.7, 'text': "And understanding where progress is being made and what walls we're going to hit can be very hard.", 'start': 3694.876, 'duration': 4.824}], 'summary': 'Ai making progress in some areas but facing limitations in others.', 'duration': 27.968, 'max_score': 3671.732, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3671732.jpg'}, {'end': 3806.972, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3780.765, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 3787.089, 'text': "A lot of that's been neural nets, but actually even before that, a lot of that was just large data methods applied appropriately.", 'start': 3780.765, 'duration': 6.324}, {'end': 3790.151, 'text': "There's also dialogue systems, which would sort of fit in between.", 'start': 3787.91, 'duration': 2.241}, {'end': 3794.755, 'text': "When you say something to a system, what if it's going to actually formulate a response and say something back?", 'start': 3790.312, 'duration': 4.443}, {'end': 3797.457, 'text': 'This technology is nowhere near as far along.', 'start': 3795.175, 'duration': 2.282}, {'end': 3802.461, 'text': "This is something that we're still figuring out how to do, how to build a system that you can have a meaningful, sustained conversation with.", 'start': 3797.677, 'duration': 4.784}, {'end': 3806.972, 'text': 'Okay, but let me give you an example on the text-to-speech front,', 'start': 3803.268, 'duration': 3.704}], 'summary': 'Advancements in ai involve neural nets and large data methods, with ongoing challenges in developing dialogue systems and text-to-speech technology.', 'duration': 26.207, 'max_score': 3780.765, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3780765.jpg'}, {'end': 3918.088, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 3892.154, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 3897.318, 'text': "It's a much harder problem because the amount of context that you bring when you do speech recognition is vast.", 'start': 3892.154, 'duration': 5.164}, {'end': 3900.234, 'text': "and it's been very hard to capture that.", 'start': 3898.853, 'duration': 1.381}, {'end': 3907.96, 'text': "With modern methods, we've been able to do a better job, but that's still the challenging part in speech recognition systems.", 'start': 3900.875, 'duration': 7.085}, {'end': 3912.944, 'text': "So that's speech technologies, but there's a whole bunch of other stuff that happens in natural language.", 'start': 3908.321, 'duration': 4.623}, {'end': 3918.088, 'text': 'For example, question answering, which you can think of Watson as a case of this, but in general,', 'start': 3913.264, 'duration': 4.824}], 'summary': 'Speech recognition systems face challenges in capturing vast context, but modern methods show improvement.', 'duration': 25.934, 'max_score': 3892.154, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3892154.jpg'}, {'end': 4205.183, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4168.093, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4174.354, 'text': "OK, so the real computer vision system is starting to catch up with some of the sci-fi things, but not that it's a fully solved problem just yet.", 'start': 4168.093, 'duration': 6.261}, {'end': 4179.897, 'text': 'Now, once you have a vision system, you can start making decisions based on what you see around you in the world.', 'start': 4174.816, 'duration': 5.081}, {'end': 4181.917, 'text': 'And maybe you can have a robot actually do things in the world.', 'start': 4179.957, 'duration': 1.96}, {'end': 4184.612, 'text': "Now, with robotics, there's many components.", 'start': 4182.751, 'duration': 1.861}, {'end': 4186.412, 'text': 'Part of it is mechanical engineering.', 'start': 4185.171, 'duration': 1.241}, {'end': 4187.513, 'text': 'You need to build a system.', 'start': 4186.433, 'duration': 1.08}, {'end': 4188.894, 'text': 'Part of it is AI.', 'start': 4188.113, 'duration': 0.781}, {'end': 4194.437, 'text': 'And a big thing to keep in mind is that working in the real world is a lot harder than working in simulation.', 'start': 4189.694, 'duration': 4.743}, {'end': 4200.84, 'text': 'And so a lot of the challenges in robotics tie into the big challenge in how to get something working in the real world.', 'start': 4195.157, 'duration': 5.683}, {'end': 4205.183, 'text': "It's across many, many verticals.", 'start': 4202.421, 'duration': 2.762}], 'summary': 'Computer vision and robotics pose challenges for real-world applications across various industries.', 'duration': 37.09, 'max_score': 4168.093, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4168093.jpg'}], 'start': 3671.732, 'title': 'Ai challenges and advances', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges and progress in ai, highlighting areas of incredible progress, complexities of understanding, and advances in natural language technologies, speech recognition, dialogue systems, machine translation, computer vision, and ai application in robotics.', 'chapters': [{'end': 3739.612, 'start': 3671.732, 'title': 'Challenges and progress in ai', 'summary': 'Discusses the challenges and progress in the field of ai, highlighting the areas of incredible progress and the complexities of understanding where progress is being made, while emphasizing the stability of the overall decomposition of the world into different kinds of ai problems.', 'duration': 67.88, 'highlights': ['The overall decomposition of the world into different kinds of problems that interact in certain ways tends to be relatively stable.', "Understanding where progress is being made and what walls we're going to hit can be very hard.", 'Some areas of AI show incredible progress, while others present challenges and limitations.']}, {'end': 4344.825, 'start': 3740.453, 'title': 'Advances in natural language and ai technologies', 'summary': 'Highlights the progress in natural language technologies, including speech recognition, dialogue systems, machine translation, and computer vision, while emphasizing the challenges and contextual aspects, such as language modeling and understanding deeply. it also discusses the application of ai in robotics and the complexities of real-world implementation.', 'duration': 604.372, 'highlights': ['The progress in natural language technologies, including speech recognition, text-to-speech synthesis, dialogue systems, question answering, and machine translation, has been driven by neural nets and large data methods, with speech recognition showing remarkable advancements in acoustic modeling and language modeling (quantifiable data: state-of-the-art systems surpassing the demonstrated transcription system).', 'Challenges in natural language technologies lie in contextual understanding, specifically in speech recognition, where the context of words and their appropriateness in the given context is a domain of language modeling, presenting a significant difficulty in capturing vast contextual information (quantifiable data: limited capability to capture extensive context in speech recognition systems despite advancements in modern methods).', 'Computer vision technologies encompass face detection, face recognition, semantic scene segmentation, and 3D understanding, with significant developments in making real-world applications, although fully solving the problem remains a work in progress (quantifiable data: advancements in face detection and recognition, as well as progress in real-world applications, such as control systems for vehicles).', 'AI in robotics involves mechanical engineering and AI components, with challenges in real-world implementation, particularly emphasizing the complexities of working in the real world compared to simulation, and the need for advancements in various verticals, including vehicles, rescue robots, and flying robots (quantifiable data: the difficulties of working in the real world and the need for advancements in various robotics verticals).']}], 'duration': 673.093, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg3671732.jpg', 'highlights': ['The progress in natural language technologies, including speech recognition, text-to-speech synthesis, dialogue systems, question answering, and machine translation, has been driven by neural nets and large data methods, with speech recognition showing remarkable advancements in acoustic modeling and language modeling.', 'Some areas of AI show incredible progress, while others present challenges and limitations.', 'AI in robotics involves mechanical engineering and AI components, with challenges in real-world implementation, particularly emphasizing the complexities of working in the real world compared to simulation, and the need for advancements in various verticals, including vehicles, rescue robots, and flying robots.', 'Challenges in natural language technologies lie in contextual understanding, specifically in speech recognition, where the context of words and their appropriateness in the given context is a domain of language modeling, presenting a significant difficulty in capturing vast contextual information.', 'Computer vision technologies encompass face detection, face recognition, semantic scene segmentation, and 3D understanding, with significant developments in making real-world applications, although fully solving the problem remains a work in progress.']}, {'end': 4961.582, 'segs': [{'end': 4372.39, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4345.265, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4350.948, 'text': 'And then a really important problem beyond that is to also understand what will these other cars do in the near future.', 'start': 4345.265, 'duration': 5.683}, {'end': 4356.691, 'text': 'Anticipate that so you can do the right thing, anticipating what they will do rather than just based where everybody is now.', 'start': 4351.028, 'duration': 5.663}, {'end': 4366.207, 'text': 'Here is a robot that actually lives on the seventh floor of Satar Jedi Hall here at Berkeley.', 'start': 4359.844, 'duration': 6.363}, {'end': 4369.308, 'text': 'And this robot is actually organizing laundry.', 'start': 4367.007, 'duration': 2.301}, {'end': 4372.39, 'text': "It's only if you have towels.", 'start': 4370.049, 'duration': 2.341}], 'summary': 'Robot on 7th floor of satar jedi hall in berkeley organizes laundry, specifically towels.', 'duration': 27.125, 'max_score': 4345.265, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4345265.jpg'}, {'end': 4422.35, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4397.294, 'weight': 0, 'content': [{'end': 4405.405, 'text': 'So if you enjoyed this class, talk to Dan and me, but also look on the Berkeley AI webpages, the listing of faculty.', 'start': 4397.294, 'duration': 8.111}, {'end': 4409.751, 'text': "A lot of us get undergraduate researchers involved, and there's a lot of cool projects to be done.", 'start': 4405.545, 'duration': 4.206}, {'end': 4414.627, 'text': 'And of course, at some point these robots get tired of doing laundry.', 'start': 4411.886, 'duration': 2.741}, {'end': 4422.35, 'text': 'Also, this one looks a lot like Terminator, but with only one red flashing eye.', 'start': 4417.068, 'duration': 5.282}], 'summary': 'Berkeley ai offers cool projects for undergrads, with faculty involvement and opportunities for research.', 'duration': 25.056, 'max_score': 4397.294, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4397294.jpg'}, {'end': 4506.062, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4479.449, 'weight': 5, 'content': [{'end': 4489.953, 'text': 'One of the most famous moments in AI history was in 1997 when Deep Blue played and defeated Kasparov, who was the human world champion at chess.', 'start': 4479.449, 'duration': 10.504}, {'end': 4501.459, 'text': 'There was this moment when basically this giant refrigerator of a computer, which could do at the time 200 million board positions per second.', 'start': 4490.313, 'duration': 11.146}, {'end': 4503.36, 'text': 'That was unheard of back then.', 'start': 4501.679, 'duration': 1.681}, {'end': 4506.062, 'text': "Now it's like desktop speed.", 'start': 4503.52, 'duration': 2.542}], 'summary': 'In 1997, deep blue defeated human world champion kasparov with 200 million board positions per second, now comparable to desktop speed.', 'duration': 26.613, 'max_score': 4479.449, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4479449.jpg'}, {'end': 4711.106, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4684.677, 'weight': 2, 'content': [{'end': 4689.167, 'text': 'Okay So computers can play your video games for you.', 'start': 4684.677, 'duration': 4.49}, {'end': 4690.288, 'text': 'They can go to the gym for you.', 'start': 4689.187, 'duration': 1.101}, {'end': 4693.19, 'text': 'Turns out they can also probably do your math homework for you.', 'start': 4691.048, 'duration': 2.142}, {'end': 4696.673, 'text': "There's a long tradition, like I said earlier, about logical inference.", 'start': 4693.39, 'duration': 3.283}, {'end': 4699.536, 'text': "That's one of the earliest places that AI was applied.", 'start': 4696.713, 'duration': 2.823}, {'end': 4703.499, 'text': 'And we still have a lot of progress in real systems in theorem proving.', 'start': 4699.856, 'duration': 3.643}, {'end': 4707.322, 'text': 'Also, these logical methods are used for things like fault diagnosis cases,', 'start': 4704.46, 'duration': 2.862}, {'end': 4709.624, 'text': 'where you need to really be able to trace through what the computer is doing.', 'start': 4707.322, 'duration': 2.302}, {'end': 4711.106, 'text': "There's a big issue with machine learning.", 'start': 4709.765, 'duration': 1.341}], 'summary': 'Computers excel at video games, gym workouts, math homework. ai applies logical inference and theorem proving for progress in real systems.', 'duration': 26.429, 'max_score': 4684.677, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4684677.jpg'}, {'end': 4770.477, 'src': 'embed', 'start': 4737.425, 'weight': 3, 'content': [{'end': 4739.307, 'text': 'Applied AI automates all kinds of things.', 'start': 4737.425, 'duration': 1.882}, {'end': 4743.991, 'text': "In some ways, it's the glue or the electricity, as people say, of a lot of modern business.", 'start': 4739.347, 'duration': 4.644}, {'end': 4752.879, 'text': 'So, of course, search engines, but also all that route planning, maps, traffic logistics, things like medical diagnosis, help, desks being automated,', 'start': 4744.111, 'duration': 8.768}, {'end': 4755.362, 'text': 'spam and fraud detection, all the intelligence in your.', 'start': 4752.879, 'duration': 2.483}, {'end': 4758.605, 'text': 'camera in your thermostat.', 'start': 4756.863, 'duration': 1.742}, {'end': 4765.331, 'text': 'all of that is kind of increasingly being driven by AI to give you smarter devices, product recommendations and sort of increasingly much.', 'start': 4758.605, 'duration': 6.726}, {'end': 4770.477, 'text': 'So not only is AI doing more, not only can we do more, but we can do more kinds of things.', 'start': 4765.612, 'duration': 4.865}], 'summary': 'Ai automates various tasks in modern business, including route planning, medical diagnosis, spam detection, and more, leading to smarter devices and product recommendations.', 'duration': 33.052, 'max_score': 4737.425, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4737425.jpg'}, {'end': 4851.442, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 4774, 'weight': 4, 'content': [{'end': 4780.667, 'text': 'We build systems for each individual task, but there are a lot of tasks that we can improve with AI augmentation now.', 'start': 4774, 'duration': 6.667}, {'end': 4787.888, 'text': "So what are we gonna do in this course? Quick recap and we'll give you a demonstration to end the day here.", 'start': 4782.102, 'duration': 5.786}, {'end': 4789.83, 'text': "We're gonna be talking about designing rational agents.", 'start': 4788.128, 'duration': 1.702}, {'end': 4791.752, 'text': "That's an agent that perceives and acts.", 'start': 4790.19, 'duration': 1.562}, {'end': 4795.155, 'text': 'So think about this little guy here trying to get that apple down.', 'start': 4792.152, 'duration': 3.003}, {'end': 4799.98, 'text': "The abstraction, it's a very important abstraction, is that you have an agent and you have an environment.", 'start': 4795.656, 'duration': 4.324}, {'end': 4802.223, 'text': "You control the agent, you don't control the environment.", 'start': 4800.261, 'duration': 1.962}, {'end': 4806.046, 'text': 'So what comes into the agents are percepts from the sensors.', 'start': 4802.543, 'duration': 3.503}, {'end': 4808.449, 'text': 'What goes out of the agents are actions from the actuators.', 'start': 4806.207, 'duration': 2.242}, {'end': 4811.151, 'text': "And the question mark in the middle, that's the agent's behavior.", 'start': 4808.629, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 4812.112, 'text': "It's the agent function.", 'start': 4811.171, 'duration': 0.941}, {'end': 4813.654, 'text': "That's what we write in this class.", 'start': 4812.392, 'duration': 1.262}, {'end': 4817.217, 'text': 'We write the decision-making procedures that map from what you perceive to what you do.', 'start': 4813.734, 'duration': 3.483}, {'end': 4818.618, 'text': 'The environment responds.', 'start': 4817.657, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 4819.419, 'text': 'You might not know how.', 'start': 4818.658, 'duration': 0.761}, {'end': 4821.261, 'text': "We're going to have to build that into our algorithms.", 'start': 4819.719, 'duration': 1.542}, {'end': 4826.525, 'text': "So We talked about these characteristics, and that's what this course is about.", 'start': 4821.941, 'duration': 4.584}, {'end': 4832.97, 'text': 'Lots of different techniques for different kinds of conceptualization of the boundary between agent and environment.', 'start': 4826.585, 'duration': 6.385}, {'end': 4837.693, 'text': "We're going to see a lot of examples of agents and environments and where that boundary is set.", 'start': 4832.99, 'duration': 4.703}, {'end': 4843.658, 'text': "When you drive, it's your eyes and your hands that are basically the boundary, but if you're an autonomous car,", 'start': 4837.813, 'duration': 5.845}, {'end': 4846.4, 'text': "it's the camera and the control lines into the wheels.", 'start': 4843.658, 'duration': 2.742}, {'end': 4849.301, 'text': 'Something you may not have thought of as an agent is Pac-Man.', 'start': 4847.159, 'duration': 2.142}, {'end': 4851.442, 'text': "So we're going to see a lot of Pac-Man in this course.", 'start': 4849.801, 'duration': 1.641}], 'summary': 'Course covers designing rational agents, mapping percepts to actions, and examples of agent-environment boundaries.', 'duration': 77.442, 'max_score': 4774, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4774000.jpg'}, {'end': 4957.768, 'src': 'heatmap', 'start': 4892.214, 'weight': 1, 'content': [{'end': 4897.116, 'text': 'Okay, so what I want you to do is I want you to think about this is going to be Pac-Man.', 'start': 4892.214, 'duration': 4.902}, {'end': 4899.115, 'text': 'My hands are off the keyboard.', 'start': 4898.154, 'duration': 0.961}, {'end': 4901.017, 'text': 'This is being played by an algorithm.', 'start': 4899.155, 'duration': 1.862}, {'end': 4906.163, 'text': 'So this is going to be behavior that appears to be intelligent deriving from who knows.', 'start': 4901.438, 'duration': 4.725}, {'end': 4909.186, 'text': "You're going to build it, but start thinking today.", 'start': 4906.883, 'duration': 2.303}, {'end': 4911.268, 'text': "what's going on here in the agent function?", 'start': 4909.186, 'duration': 2.082}, {'end': 4914.151, 'text': 'What computations give rise to this kind of behavior??', 'start': 4911.629, 'duration': 2.522}, {'end': 4916.714, 'text': 'Do you want to do the honors? Sure.', 'start': 4915.353, 'duration': 1.361}, {'end': 4920.218, 'text': 'All right, so there he goes.', 'start': 4916.734, 'duration': 3.484}, {'end': 4957.768, 'text': 'All right.', 'start': 4957.406, 'duration': 0.362}], 'summary': 'Discussion on building an algorithm to play pac-man with intelligent behavior and agent function computations.', 'duration': 65.554, 'max_score': 4892.214, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4892214.jpg'}], 'start': 4345.265, 'title': 'Robotics and ai evolution', 'summary': 'Discusses anticipating future actions for robotic systems, featuring a project at berkeley with significant undergraduate research involvement, and highlights the evolution of ai in gaming, including milestones like deep blue defeating kasparov in chess and recent advancements like alphago beating lee sedol in go, with applications in logical inference, automation, and rational agent design.', 'chapters': [{'end': 4396.914, 'start': 4345.265, 'title': 'Anticipating future actions for robotics', 'summary': 'Discusses the importance of anticipating future actions for robotic systems and highlights a project at berkeley where a robot on the seventh floor of satar jedi hall organizes laundry, with significant work done by undergraduate researchers.', 'duration': 51.649, 'highlights': ['A robot on the seventh floor of Satar Jedi Hall at Berkeley organizes laundry, with the video being sped up 200 times and working well if there are five towels.', 'Significant work on the project was done by Berkeley undergraduate researchers.']}, {'end': 4961.582, 'start': 4397.294, 'title': 'Ai in games and beyond', 'summary': 'Highlights the evolution of ai in gaming, from historical milestones like deep blue defeating kasparov in chess to recent advancements like alphago beating lee sedol in go, and its application in various domains such as logical inference, automation, and rational agent design.', 'duration': 564.288, 'highlights': ["AI's significant milestones in gaming, from Deep Blue defeating Kasparov in chess to AlphaGo beating Lee Sedol in Go, showcase the rapid advancement in AI's gaming capabilities. Deep Blue's victory over Kasparov in 1997 and AlphaGo's win against Lee Sedol in 2016 demonstrate the remarkable progress in AI's gaming prowess, reflecting the evolution of AI in strategic and complex game playing.", "The widespread application of AI in logical inference, fault diagnosis, and automation across various domains underscores its growing influence in diverse fields. AI's deployment in logical inference, fault diagnosis, and automation in areas such as route planning, medical diagnosis, and fraud detection showcases its expanding role and impact across diverse domains, reflecting its increasing pervasiveness in modern business operations.", 'The course will focus on designing rational agents, emphasizing the abstraction of agents and environments, and exploring decision-making procedures in different contexts. The course will delve into designing rational agents, with a focus on agent-environment abstraction and decision-making procedures, providing insights into the fundamental concepts and techniques related to rational agent design.']}], 'duration': 616.317, 'thumbnail': 'https://coursnap.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/video-capture/16Dir4QqCUg/pics/16Dir4QqCUg4345265.jpg', 'highlights': ['Significant work on the project was done by Berkeley undergraduate researchers.', 'A robot on the seventh floor of Satar Jedi Hall at Berkeley organizes laundry, with the video being sped up 200 times and working well if there are five towels.', 'The widespread application of AI in logical inference, fault diagnosis, and automation across various domains underscores its growing influence in diverse fields.', "AI's deployment in logical inference, fault diagnosis, and automation in areas such as route planning, medical diagnosis, and fraud detection showcases its expanding role and impact across diverse domains, reflecting its increasing pervasiveness in modern business operations.", 'The course will focus on designing rational agents, emphasizing the abstraction of agents and environments, and exploring decision-making procedures in different contexts.', "AI's significant milestones in gaming, from Deep Blue defeating Kasparov in chess to AlphaGo beating Lee Sedol in Go, showcase the rapid advancement in AI's gaming capabilities.", "Deep Blue's victory over Kasparov in 1997 and AlphaGo's win against Lee Sedol in 2016 demonstrate the remarkable progress in AI's gaming prowess, reflecting the evolution of AI in strategic and complex game playing."]}], 'highlights': ['The course is introduced by two instructors, Peter Abiel and Dan Klein, who work on machine learning, robotics, and natural language processing at Berkeley.', 'The portrayal of AI in science fiction has evolved from optimistic and helpful droids in the 70s to complex and worrisome views in recent times, reflecting the interplay between hope for technology making lives better and fears of potential dangers.', 'The shift from focusing on thought processes to focusing on resulting actions is highlighted, along with the significance of the Turing test in evaluating intelligence.', "The brain's non-modular structure hinders reverse engineering for AI, as it lacks the modularity of software.", "AI's capability in proving mathematical theorems is being acknowledged by a small number of people.", 'The progress in natural language technologies, including speech recognition, text-to-speech synthesis, dialogue systems, question answering, and machine translation, has been driven by neural nets and large data methods, with speech recognition showing remarkable advancements in acoustic modeling and language modeling.', 'Significant work on the project was done by Berkeley undergraduate researchers.', "AI's deployment in logical inference, fault diagnosis, and automation in areas such as route planning, medical diagnosis, and fraud detection showcases its expanding role and impact across diverse domains, reflecting its increasing pervasiveness in modern business operations.", 'The course will focus on designing rational agents, emphasizing the abstraction of agents and environments, and exploring decision-making procedures in different contexts.', "Deep Blue's victory over Kasparov in 1997 and AlphaGo's win against Lee Sedol in 2016 demonstrate the remarkable progress in AI's gaming prowess, reflecting the evolution of AI in strategic and complex game playing."]}